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ืชื’ ืž8ืž1.ืŸ ื—ืืคื•1ื•ืžืชืž1ื ืฆ 41,ื“1611ื 6ืชืข2ืขืž8ืž/2ืข21ืขืค ืืข ืฆืข1ืค 


5 .ืก ื–ืื• 


ื ืื˜ / 8, |4, 


1ื–4161606/ 0ื–16ืกืชืก 


ืฆืฆืคืฆื˜,ื–4,ืข 48 ื–ื /1ื 1 
08 1,261 01:) ื˜ืž ืืขืฉื™ื“ื’, 111 ืžื•ืค!ื ืคืžืกื–ืฆ 


2 


ืื” ื“ืื•ืื™) 8668 ื•ืคื•ื˜ืกื 1ืฆ, ื–ื ื116,/ื•ื• 


ืค5ื“ื–ื“ืขืคื˜ืข1,8559861ื , 51 111 ื’, 


ืื˜ ื“ืืขืก ืฆืกืกื ืชืžืคื ืกื˜ืคื ืฆ 41 ื10ื“ืข, ื 
ืคื“ื“ืขืคื˜4-4 ,59 1ื , 1ื“ืค ืขื˜ 1ื“ ื“ืข 


60 881124ืž19110ืคืกื ืฆ | 250-4900 413 


)ืชืข0ืก. ืžืข ื•ื™ืืข6ืืฆ0ืก80ืžื’ืค1ื ืกืž1ืฆ. ืฆื™ืขืœืขืฅ 


ืขืชื“ ืชืกืข ืกืคืื–ืกืคืชืืฉ? ืขืก ืŸื,ื–ื 
ืฆืชืข4ื ืชืž1ืŸ1 ืชืค1ื•ืžืžื ืฆ }ื’,;11ื˜ืกื•1ื ืกืชืข8 ืŸืขืค ืืง ืฆ4ืข1ืค 


;ืฆื ืคืขืคื•ื ืฆืกืขืข ,ืœืข 


4 1 01960ื˜) .ื 1006 1 

1 1ื–ื˜06ืฅื˜) 106 67 4716/ 
/ื“111ื–ื–ื1 11811ื˜711ื‘) ื–ื–ื•ืกื ื•ื–ืฉ6ืค 1116 
101111601101 1 ื–111/50//10 .ื ื—ื–ื—ื˜ื–ืกื ื”ื•ื— 100016 
8160 208 
06 +ื–6ื˜10 
1ืก1011110011 16/3008 151911160118 
0561 .ื›ืŸ /161 

1010111115/6 800 614 5001 
101111601101 679ื˜0111/'ืฉ 160116116 8114 /ืจื–ื–ื”ื‘ืŸ 
2 ืขืก ืคืžืชืื˜ื–ืืฅ ืกื ืคึผืžืชืขืžื–ืืชื–ื ื–ื 
ื–6116) 000 310615/1 8 1101 


{ืกืกืชืฅืค 1201010021 8 68000/4.18ืงืŸ 201060 ืขืก ,6ื˜ื—ื˜ 6ืฐ00/66 ืกืช 1 
ื–ืกื–1 002068 ืชืกืชืง010ืก ืขื˜ืก ืข10 ืชืกื—ื”ื–1ืงืคืช1 ืกืช 1 . ืฉ016811014 100150 04 
.151261 ,0ื–16:05216 }0 1ืช11202 600161/' 2084 0ืก1ืกืช 406 ืฉื˜ 4692 8 


1285 /?ื–ืกืงืŸืกืขื ืง 4611606021ืช1 ืกืช8 +12ืขืฅืขืงืกืก 106 16506048 /6016-) 8008 ืช310015 21ืช14210 ืกืช 1 
ืชื–ื’ืžื ืกืก ืกืกื˜ืง ืกื—} ืช1 /6ื—614 18 4106 415 ,1606ื˜ืฉืกืชื ืขื˜ืก 04 0684 106 10 .ืคืืกืกื˜ ;ื˜ืก ืชื– 
-1460414160 06 ื’ืก ื–106ืก0 124ืขืฅืขืงืกืก +ืชืกืขื–ื˜ืก ืกืช ื—ืก1ืชื˜ืฆ 104 ืืขืกื˜ืฅ ืชื’ืืงื–ืก ืชื’ 15 +1 ืขืก 
-- 0068 ืกืชื˜ื– ืฉืฉืกื—ื ื˜ืกืฅ 14 ืขืก - ืฆืขืกื˜ืฆ 4018 0 +18ืฆืฅืงืกืก 6ืข2061 ืชื’ 0(ืกืช ื˜ืกืฅ 1 
.18061ื˜0ืฅ8ืข01981121110 21 11ื’ืชื–ืก ืฆื˜ ืขืก ,153ื 413-256-4900 24 ืกืชืกืชืง ืขื˜ 5ื˜ 024204ืก 16256ืงืŸ 


ืืข ื•ื•ืขืจืง ืคื•ืŸ ืฉืœื•ื ืขืœื™ื›ื 


ื•ื™ื‘ืข ืฆื ื˜ ืขืจ ื‘ ืึทื ื“ 


ืื•ืŸ ืคืจื™ื™ืœื™ื›ืข 


ืฆื•ื•ื™ื™ื˜ืขื ื‘ึผื•ืš 


4 8 ื™ื™ 
= ื 0 
5 ื–ืœ 
0 4 
8 ื˜ื™ 7 


ื•ื•ื™ืœื ืข--ืฐื•ืึทืจืฉืข 1926 
ื•ื•ื™ืœื ืขืจ ืคึผืึทืจืœืึทื’ ืคื•ืŸ ื‘ึผ. ืงืœืขืฆืงื™ืŸ 


ืขืก ืื™ื– ืฉื˜ืจืขื ื’ ืคืืจื‘ืึธื˜ืŸ ืฆื• ืงื•ื™ืคืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืคืึทืจึนึผ" 
ืงื•ื™ืคืŸ ื“ืึธืก ื“ืึธื–ื™ืงืข ื‘ึผื•ืš ืื™ืŸ ืฆืคื•ืŸ ืื•ืŸ ื“ืจื•ื 
ืึทืžืขืจื™ืงืข, ืื™ืŸ ื“ืจื•ืืืคืจื™ืงืข ืื•ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืขื ื’ืœืึทื ื“ 


ืขื–ืกืข ืฉืกื ,(5401000:21610060) 82401000162 0184 ืฆึธื˜ ,1921 9881ื˜ืฆื˜0ื˜6 


ืฆื•ืœื™ื‘ึผ ื“ืขื ืคึฟืึทืจืœืึทื ื’ ืคื•ืŸ ืฉืœื•ืืขืœื™ื›ืžืก ื™ื•ืจืฉื™ื, ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ 
ืื•ื™ืกื’ืื‘ึผืข ื’ืขื“ืจื•ืงื˜ ืœื•ื™ื˜ ื“ืขืจ ืืžืขืจื™ืงืื ืขืจ ืื•ื™ืกื’ืื‘ืข. 


'11611006 ืžื˜ 016:06,, 2466 .1 .5201603-81610460,, 


82ื117208 .8 '*3/060966 260:0660ืกืฅ/1,, ื’ื•ืžื–/ื’ืื˜ื–ื 


ืึธืจืขืžืข ืื•ืŸ ืคืจื™ื™ืœื™ื›ืข. ืฆื•ื•ื™ื™ื˜ืขืก ื‘ึผื•ืš 


6 , ื•ื™ื’ืจื™ืฉื ืข ื‘ึฟื™ืงื™ืขื˜" 


ืžื™ื˜'ืŸ ืขื˜ืึทืคึฟ . 


ื”ื•ื ื“ืขืจื˜ ืื™ื™ื ืก 


ืžื™ื™ืŸ ืขืจืฉื˜ืขืจ 


ืฆื•ื•ื™ื™ 


ืึธืคึผื’ืขืฉืœืึธื’ืขื ืข ื”ื•ืฉืขื ื•ืช 


ืžืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื–ื™ืจ ืžื•ื—ืœ 


ืžืข ื”ื•ืงื™ืขื˜ 


6 


ืจืึทืžืึทืŸ 


ืึทื ืกื™ืกืขืžื™ื˜ืขืŸ 


6 


6 


3 


ืฒ 


ื•ืก 


6 


{ ื 


: 
ื•ึธึผ 


ื ื™ื•ื™ื’ืจื™ืฉื ืข ื‘ึผื™ืœื™ืขื" 
(ืึท ืœืึทื˜ืขืจืฒ:ืฆืขื˜ืขืœ) 


8 ื ืขื’ ื“ืฉื•ื— ื™ืฉืจ 5. ืฆ ืื˜ == - 
6 


ืขืจืฆืขื”ืœื•ื ื’ 


ื’ืขืฉืจื™ื‘ืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื™ืึธื”ืจ 1902 


ืขื•ื™ื’ื“ื™ืฉื ืข ื‘ึผื™ืœื™ืขืฃ 


.8 


--- ื‘ื ื™ืžื˜ืฉื™ืง -- ื“ืึธืก ื•ืึทื›ืกื˜ ื‘ื™ื™ ืžื™ืจ ื ื•ื•ื™ื ืจื™ืฉื ืข ื‘ื™ืœื™ืขื. 

ืึทื–ืฑื™ ื”ืึธื˜ ื’ืขื–ืึธื ื˜ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื“ืขืจ ืฉืžืฉ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืึทืœื˜ืขืจ ืฉื•ื”ืค 
ืื•ื™ืฃ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื–ื•ื”ื ื“ืขืœ ื‘ื ื™ืžื™ืŸ, ืฐืึธืก ื”ืึธื˜ ื’ืขื”ืื˜ ื ืฉื ืคืึทืจ ื ื’ื•ื˜ 
ื™ื•ื ื’ืขืœ ื ืึธืš ื‘ืฉืขืช ืขืจ ื”ืึธื˜ ื’ืขืœืขืจืขื ื˜ ื‘ื™ื™ ื™ืจื—ืžื™ืืœ-ืžืฉื” ื“ืขื 
ืžืœืžื“ ืื™ืŸ ื—ื“ืจ. ื™ืจื—ืžื™ืืœ-ืžืฉื” ื”ืึธื˜ ื–ื™ืš ื’ืึธืจ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื’ืขืงืึธื ื˜ ืึดืžึผื™ 
ืœื•ื™ื‘ืขืŸ ืคื•ึนืŸ ืื™ื”ื, 

-- ืื™ื™ืขื“ ืงืœื™ื™ื ืขืจ --- ื”ืึธื˜ ืขืจ ืื™ื™ื ืžืึธืœ ื’ืขื–ืึธื’ื˜ ืฆื• ื™ืฉืจืืœ 
ื“ืขื ืฉืžืฉ -- ืื™ื– ื‘ื™ื™ ืžื™ืจ, ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืขื™ืŸ-ื”ืจืข, ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื‘ืขืกื˜ืข. ืขืจ" 
ืฉื˜ืขื ืก, ืื™ื– ืขืจ ืึท ื’ืจื•ื™ืกืขืจ ืžืชืžื™ื“, ืึท ื•ื•ืื•ื™ืœืขืจ ืฐืึธืก ื ื•ื•ืื•ื™ืœืขืฃ 
ื”ื™ื™ืกื˜; ื”ื™ื™ื ื˜ ื“ืึธืก ืงืขืคึผืขืœ ื–ื™ื™ื ืก, ื“ื™ ืชืคื™ืกื—, ืžื™ื™ืŸ ืื™ืš, ื“ืขืฃ 
ื–ื›ืจื•ืŸ --- ืื™ื– ืึทื–ืขืœื›ืขืก, ืฐืึธืก ืžืข ื‘ืึทื“ืึทืจืฃ ืขืก ื–ื•ื›ืขืŸ; ื•ืขืŸ ื‘ื™ื™ 
ืื™ื”ื ื–ืึธืœ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ื–ื›ืจื•ืŸ ืึทื–ืฑ ืฐื•ื™ ื“ื™ ืชืคื™ืกื”, ืžื™ื™ืŸ ืื™ืš ืคืึทืจืงืขื”ืจื˜, 
ื“ื™ ืชืคื™ืกื” ืึทื–ืฑ ื•ื™ ื“ืขืจ ื–ื›ืจื•ืŸ --- ืขื”ืข - ื”ืข ! 

ื“ืขื ,ืขื”ืข - ื”ืข !? ืฆื™ื”ื˜-ืื•ื™ืก ื™ืจื—ืžื™ืืœ-ืžืฉื” ื“ืขืจ ืžืœืžืจ ืžื™ื˜ 
ืึท ื ื™ื’ื•ืŸ, ืื•ืŸ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื“ืขืจ ืฉืžืฉ ื•ืฐืขืจื“ ื‘ืจื™ื™ื˜ืขืจ ืฐื•ื•ื™ ืœืขื ื’ืขืจ, 

--- ื’ืึธื˜ ื–ืึธืœ ืื™ื™ืš ื’ืขื‘ืขืŸ ื’ืขื–ื•ื ื˜ ืื•ืŸ ืคึผืจื ืกื”! -- ื‘ืขื ืฉื˜ 
ืขืจ ื“ืขื ืžืœืžืฑ ืื•ืŸ ื”ืขืœืคื˜ ืื™ื”ื ืฆื•ื ื•ื™ืคืœืขื’ืขืŸ ื“ืขื ื˜ืœื™ืช-ื•ืชืคื™ืœื™ืŸ, 
ื“ืึธืก ืื™ื– ื’ืœืื˜ ืึทื–ืฑ, ืึท ืžืชื ื” ื”ื™ื™ืกื˜ ื“ืึธืก; ืฉื›ืจ-ืœืžื•ื“ ืžืืจ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ 
ืกื™ื ื“ ืฆืึธื—ืœื˜ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื“ืขืจ ืฉืžืฉ ื’ืœื™ื™ืš ืžื™ื˜ ืึทืœึถืข ื‘ืขืœื™-ื‘ืชื™ื, ืฆื•ื•ื™ื™ 

8 


10 | ืฉืœื•ื-ืขืœื•ื›ื 


ืงืืจื‘ืขืŸ ื ื–ืžืŸ, 8 ื—ื•ืฅ ื—ื ื•ื›ื—-ื ืขืœื“ ืื•ืŸ ืคื•ืจื™ื-ื’ืขืœื“, ื”ืึธื˜ืฉ ื™ืฉืจืืœ 
ื“ืขืจ ืฉืžืฉ ืœืขื‘ื˜ ืืœื™ื™ืŸ ื›ืžืขื˜ ื ืึธืจ ืคื•ืŸ ื—ื ื•ื›ื”-ื’ืขืœื“ ืื•ืŸ ืคึผื•ืจื™ื" 
ื’ืขืœื“, ื ืึธืจ ืฐืึธืก ืžืึทื›ื˜ ื“ืึธืก ืื•ื™ืก ? ื“ืขืจ ืžื ื”ื’ ื”ืขื•ืœื ืื™ื– ืฉื•ื™ืŸ 
ืึทื–ืฑ ืคื•ืŸ ืงื“ืžื•ื ื™ื, ืึทื– ืžื™ืจ ืžื•ื–ืขืŸ ืœืขื‘ืขืŸ ืื•ืžืขื˜ื•ื ืื™ื™ื ืขืจ ืคื•ื 'ื 
ืึทื ื“ืขืจืขืŸ ; ืื™ืš ื ืขื ื‘ื™ื™ ื™ืขื ืขื ืื•ืŸ ื’ื ืขื‘ ืื™ื™ืš; ืื™ื”ืจ ื ืขืžื˜ ื‘ื™ื™ 
ืžื™ืจ ืื•ืŸ ื’ื™ื˜ ื™ืขื ืขื. ืืžืช, ืขืก ืžืึทื›ื˜ ื–ื™ืš ื’ืื ืฅ ืึธืคื˜, ืึทื– ื ืขืžืขืŸ 
ื‘ื™ื™ ืžื™ืจ ื ืขืžื˜ ืื™ื”ืจ ืฆื•ื•ื™ื™ ืžืึธ? ืึทื–ืฑ ืคื™ืขืœ? ื•ื™ ืžืข ื‘ืขื“ืืจืฃ, ืื•ืŸ 
ื’ืขื‘ืขืŸ ื’ื™ื˜ ืื™ื”ืจ ื™ืขื ืขื ืึท ืžื›ื”; ื“ืขืจืคืึทืจ, ื˜ื– ื›'ื•ื•ืขืœ ื ืึธืจ ืงืึธื ืขืŸ, 
ืฐื•ืข? ืื™ืš ื‘ื™ื™ ื™ืขื ืขื ื ืขืžืขืŸ ื“ืจื™ื™ ืžืึธืœ ืึทื–ืฑ ืคื™ืขืœ ืื•ืŸ ืฐืขืœ ืึท ื™ ื™ื‘ 
ื’ืขื‘ืขืŸ ื ืžื›ื—. ืกื™ืจ ื•ื•ืขืœืขืŸ ื–ื™ืš ืžื™ื˜'ืŸ ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ, ื”ืึธื˜ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ื™ืกื•ืจื™ื 
ื ื™ื˜, ืื•ื™ืกื’ืœื™ื™ื›ืขืŸ. ื—ื›ืžื™ื ืจื•ืคืขืŸ ื“ืึธืก ืึธืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ืคืขืจืฉื™ืขื“ืขื ืข ื’ืข" 
ืžืขืŸ: โ€ ื’ืขื–ืขืฅ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ื ืื˜ื•ืจ", ,ืœืขื‘ืขื ืก-ืžืœื—ืžื—", ,ืคึผืึธืœื™ื˜ื™ืฉืข 
ืขืงืึธื ืึธืžื™ืข" ื•ื›ื“ื•ืžื”; ื ืึธืจ ืึทื–ืฑ ื•ื™ ืžื™ื˜ ืื•ื ื–ืขืจ ืžืขืฉื” ืงืขื”ืจ ื–ื™ืš 
ืขืก ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืึธืŸ, ืœื›ืŸ ื’ืขื”ืขืŸ ืžื™ืจ ื•ื•ื™ื™ื˜ืขืจ. | 

ืฉืžืขื˜ืขืจ, ืื– ื‘ื ื™ืžื˜ืฉื™ืก ืื™ื– ื“ื•ืจื›ื’ืขื ื˜ื ื’ืขืŸ ื“ืขื ื’ืึทื ืฆืขืŸ ืงื•ืจืก 
ื‘ื™ื™ ื™ืจื—ืžื™ืืœ-ืžืฉื”'ืŸ, ื”ืึธื˜ ืื™ื”ื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื“ืขืจ ืฉืžืฉ ื–ืขื”ืจ ื’ืข- 
ืฐืึธืœื˜ ืึธืคึผื’ืขื‘ืขืŸ ืฆื• ืจื‘ ืืœื™ื“ืžืื™ืจ ื“ืขื ื’ืžืจื"ืžืœืžื“, ื”ืึธื˜ ืื™ื—ื ืืœึธื™- 
ืžืื™ืจ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื’ืขืงืึทื ื˜ ืฆื•ื ืขืžืขืŸ ; ืจืืฉื™ืช, ืื™ื– ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ื™ ืื™ื—ื ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ 
ื“ืขืจ ื—ื“ืจ ืžื•? ืฐื™ ืื™ื™ืŸ ืื•ื™ื ืŸ; ื•ื”ืฉื ื™ืช, ื”ืึธื˜ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื ืข- 
ืงืึทื ื˜ ืฆืึธื”ืœืขืŸ ืื–ื ืฉื›ืจ-ืœืžื•ื“, ืฐื™ ื“ื™ ื’ื’ื™ืจื™ืฉืข ื‘ืขืœื™-ื‘ืชื™ื. ื”ืึธื˜ 
ื‘ื ื™ืžื˜ืฉื™ืง ื’ืขื˜ื”ืึธืŸ ื“ืึธืก, ืฐืึธืก ืื ื“ืขืจืข ื˜ื”ื•ืขืŸ: ื˜ื• ืžืข ื—ืึธื˜ ื ื™ื˜ 
ืžื™ื˜ ืฐืึธืก ืฆื• ืฆืึธื”ืœืขืŸ, ืœืขืจืขื ื˜ ืžืขืŸ ืึทืœื™ื™ืŸ, ื“ืขืจื•ื™ืฃ ืื™ื– ืคืึทืจื”ืึทืŸ 
ืึท ื ืจื•ื™ืก ื‘ื™ืช-ื”ืžื“ื•ืฉ ืžื™ื˜ ื ืกืš ืกื˜ืขื ื“ืขืจืก, ืžื™ื˜ ืึท ืกืš ืฉื˜ื™ืงืœืขืš 
ืœื™ื›ื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื™ืึธื—ืจืฆื™ื™ื˜ืขืŸ, ืžื™ื˜ ื˜ ืกืš ืกืคืจื™ื: ื—ื•ืžืฉื™ื, ืคึผืกื•ึนืงื™ื, 
ืžืฉื ื™ื•ืช'ืขืŸ, ื’ืžืจืืก ืžื™ื˜ ืžื“ืจืฉื™ื -- ืื•ืŸ ืฐืึธืก ื ื™ื˜? ืึทื‘ื™ ืžืข 
ื•ื•ื™? ื ืึธืจ, ืกืึธืŸ ืžืขืŸ ืœืขืจื ืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืึท ื‘ื•ื™ื“ืขื ืื•ื™ืš. ืงืึทืจื  ื’ืจื•ื™ืกืข 
ืžืขื ืฉืขืŸ, ื ืื•ื ื™ื, ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืกื’ืขื•ืึทื›ืกืขืŸ ื‘ื™ื™ ืื•ื ื– ืึธื˜ ืึทื–ืฑ, ืขืจื’ื™ืฅ 
ื ื™ื™ ื ืกื˜ืึทื˜ืฉื™ืง ืื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ืช:ื—ืžืจื“ืจืฉ? ืึทื–ืขืœื›ืข ื’ืจื•ื™ืกืข ืžืขื ืฉืขืŸ, 
ื ืื•ื ื™ื, ืžืคื•ืจืกืžื™ื ืฐืึธืœื˜ืขืŸ ืžื™ืจ, ืงืึธืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ, ื ื’ืขื”ืื˜ ืื™ืฆื˜ืขืจ ืึถื”ืŸ 
ืึท ืฉืขื•ืจ; ื“ืขืจ ื—ืกืจื•ืŸ ืื™ื– ืึธื‘ืขืจ, ืฐืึธืก ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืœืขืฆื˜ืข ืžื™ืขืจืฆื™ื’ื™ 


8 , ื•ื•ื™ื’ืจื™ืฉื ืข ื‘ื•ืœื•ืขื˜" 11 


ืคื•ืคืฆื™ื’ ื™ืึธื”ืจ ื”ืึธื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืคืขืจ'ื ื ื‘'ืขื˜ ืื™ืŸ ืื•ื ื–ืขืจ ื•ื•ื™ื ืงืขืœ ืึทืจื™ื™ืŸ ืึท 
ืฉื˜ืจืึทื”ืœ ืคื•ืŸ ืœื™ื›ื˜ื™ื’ืงื™ื™ื˜ ืื•ืŸ ื”ืึธื˜ ืึธื ื’ืขืฉืคึผืึทืจื˜ ื“ื•ืงื ืื™ืŸ ื‘ื™. 
ื”ืกืžื“ืจืฉ ืืจื™ื™ืŸ, ื“ื•ืงื ื“ืึธืจื˜ืขืŸ, ืฆื•ื•ื™ืฉืขืŸ ื“ื™ ืึธืจืขืžืข ื‘ื—ื•ืจื™ื, ืื•ืŸ 
ืึธื ืฉื˜ืึธื˜ ื“ืขื, ืžืข ื–ืึธืœ ืœืขืจื ืขืŸ ,ื™ื•ืจื—-ื“ืขื—", ื”ืึธื˜ ืžืขืŸ ื‘ื’ื ื‘ืช 
ื’ืขื ืึทืฉื˜ ืึท ืฉื˜ื™ืงืข? ,ื‘ื™ืื•ืจ", ืฉื˜ื™ืœืขืจื—ื™ื™ื“ ื’ืขืฉืœื•ื ื ืขืŸ ืžืœื™ืฆื”- 
ืกืคืจื™ื, ื–ื™ืš ื’ืขืฐืึธืจื’ืขืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ื ืจื•ืกื™ืฉืขืจ ื’ืจืึทืžืึทื˜ื™ืงืข ืื•ืŸ ืคืขืจื‘ื™" 
ืคืขืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ืžืึทืคึผื•"ื˜ 6 ืจืึธืกื˜ืŸ,. ืคื•ืŸ ืื–ื ืžื™ืŸ ืœืขืจื ืขืŸ ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ ืงื™ื™ืŸ 
ื ืื•ื ื™ื, ืจื‘ื ื™ื ืžืคื•ืจืกืžื™ื, ื’ืขื•ื•ื™ื™ื ื˜ืœื™ืš, ื ื™ื˜ ื’ืขืงืึทื ื˜ ืึทืจืฑื˜. 58 
ื“ื™ืฉืข ืงื™ื ื“ืขืจ ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ ื–ื™ืš ืฆืขืงืจืึธื›ืขืŸ ืื™ื‘ืขืจ ื“ืขืจ ื•ื•ืขืœื˜, ื’ืขืฐืึธื“ืขืŸ 
ืึท ืชืœ; ื“ืึธืกื˜ื•ื™ืจื™ื, ืื“ืฐืึธืงืึทื˜ืขืŸ, ืžืฉื•ืจืจื™ื, ืžื—ื‘ืจื™ื, ืฉืจื™ื™ื‘ืขืจื, 
ืœืขื—ืจืขืจืก ืื•ืŸ ื’ืœืึธื˜ ืืคื™ืงื•ืจืกื™ื. ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืจื‘ -- ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืื™ื™ื ืขืจ ื 
ืจืขื›ื˜ืขืจ, ื“ืึธืก ื”ื™ื™ืกื˜, ืจื‘ื ื™ื ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืึทืจืฑืก ืคื•ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ ื ืกืš; ื ืึธืจ 
ืฐืึธืกืขืจืข ืจื‘ื ื™ื ? ืงืึทื–ื™ืึทื ืข! ,ืงื˜ื–ื™ืึทื ืข? ืื™ื– ื“ืขืจ ื˜ื™ื™ื˜ืฉ ืึธื - 
ื’ืขื”ืึทื ื’ืขื ืข -- ืึทืฉื˜ื™ื™ื’ืขืจ, ืฐื™ ืžืข ื”ืขื ื ื˜ื™ืึธืŸ ืขืžื™ืฆืขืŸ ืึท 5ื ื’- 
ืื•ืŸื“ืœืขื‘ืขืจ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ืขืจ ื ืึธื–  {โ€ ืฆื™ ืื™ื—ืจ ื•ื•ื™ืœื˜, ืฆื™ ืื™ื—ืจ ื•ื•ื™ืœื˜ ื ื™ื˜ --- 
ื ืึธื˜ ื˜ื™ื™ืš ืึท ื‘ืึธืžื‘ืข ืื•ืŸ ื”ืึทืœื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืžื™ื˜ ืื™ื”ืจ... ื ืึธืจ ืึทื–ืฑ ืฐื™ 
ืžื™ื˜ ืื•ื ื–ืขืจ ืžืขืฉื— ื’ืขื”ืขืจ ื–ื™ืš ืขืก ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืึธืŸ, ืœื›ืŸ ื’ืขื”ืขืŸ ืžื™ืจ ื•ื•ื™ื™ื˜ืขืจ, 

ืื•ื ื–ืขืจ ื‘ื ื™ืกื˜ืฉื™ืก ื”ืึธื˜ ื’ืขืœืขืจืขื ื˜ ืื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ืช-ื—ืžืจืจืฉ ื ื™ืฉื˜ 
ืึทืœื™ื™ืŸ -- ืžื™ื˜ ื ืึถืš ืฆื•ื•ื™ื™ ื—ื‘ืจื™ื, ืื•ื™ืš ืึทื–ืขืœื›ืข ืึธืจืขืžืข ื‘ื—ื•ืจื™ืž'ืœืขืš 
ื–ื•ื™ ืขืจ, ืื•ืŸ ื“ืึธืก ืื™ื– ื˜ืึทืงื™ ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ื“ืขืจ ื—ืกืจื•ืŸ, ืฐืึธืจื•ื ืื™ื™ืŸ ืžืขื ืฉ 
ืึทืœื™ื™ืŸ ืงืึธืŸ ืึทื–ื•ื™ ื’ืจืึธื‘ึฟ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื–ื™ื ื“ื™ื’ืขืŸ, ืฐื™ ืžื™ื˜ ื™ืขื ืขื ื›ืฉื•ืชืคื•ืช. 
ืึท ืกื™ืžืŸ ื”ืึธื˜ ืื™ื”ืจ ืคื•ึนืŸ ืื“ื ื—ืจืืฉื•ืŸ: 2? ื–ืžืŸ ืขืจ ื”ืึธื˜ ื–ื™ืš ื’ืข- 
ืฉืคึผืึทืฆื™ืขืจื ืื™ืŸ ื’ืŸื“ืขื“ืŸ ืื™ื™ื ืขืจ ืึทืœื™ื™ืŸ, ืื™ื– ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ืฉื˜ื™ืœ, ื ืžื—ื™ื— ; 
ืื•ืŸ ืึทื– ืขืก ื”ืึธื˜ ื–ื™ืš ื ืึทืจ ื˜ืจื™ื™ื ื’ืขืžื™ืฉื˜ ื“ื™ ืžื•ื˜ืขืจ ื—ื•ื”, ืึทื–ืฑ ื”ืึธื˜ 
ื–ื™ ืื™ื”ื ื‘ืึทืœื“ ืึธื ื’ืขืจืขื“ื˜, ืขืจ ื•ึนืึถืœ ืคืขืจื–ื•ื›ืขืŸ ืคื•ื 'ื ืขืฅ-ื—ืจืขืช, 
ืื•ืŸ ืžื™ ื™ื•ื“ืข ืื•ื™ืฃ ืฐืึธืก ื–ื™ ืฐืึธืœื˜ ืื™ื”ื ื ืึธืš ืึทืจื•ื™ืคื’ืขืคื™ื”ืจื˜, ืžืข 
ื–ืึธืœ ื–ื™ื™ ื ื™ื ื‘ืขืœื™ื™ื˜ืขื ืก ืึทืจืฑืกื˜ืจืฒื‘ืขืŸ.. ื“ืขืจ ืžืฉ? ืื™ื– ื’ืขื–ืึทื ื˜ 
ื’ืขืฐืึธืจืขืŸ ืึทืงืขื’ืขืŸ ื‘ื ื™ืžื™ื 'ืขืŸ. ื‘ื ื™ืžื™ืŸ ื–ืึธืœ ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ื–ื™ืฆืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืคืขืจ- 
ื ืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ืช-ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ ืื™ื™ื ืขืจ ืึทืœื™ื™ืŸ, ืฐืึธืœื˜ ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ืึทื– ื•ืื•ื™? ืื™ืŸ 
ืื™ื”ื; ืขืจ ื”ืึธื˜ ื“ืึธืš ืึธื‘ืขืจ ื’ืขืœืขืจืขื ื˜ ืžื™ื˜ ื ืึธืš ื”ื‘ืจื™ื, ืืฑืฃ 


19 ืฉืœื•ื-ืขืœื™ื›ื 


ืึทื–ืขืœื›ืข ื ืืงืขื˜ืข ืื•ืŸ ื‘ืึธืจื•ื•ื™ืกืข, ื”ื•ื ื’ืขืจื™ื ืข ืื•ืŸ ื“ืึธืจืฉื˜ื™ื ืข, ื•ื™ 
ืขืจ, -- ื”ืึธื˜ ืžืขืŸ ืชืžื™ื“ ื–ื™ืš ื ืึธืจ ื’ืขืจื™ืกืขืŸ ืึทื—ื™ืŸ, ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ืขืจ ื’ื•ื•ื™ืกืขืจ 
ืœื™ื›ื˜ื™ื ืขืจ ื•ื•ืขืœื˜, ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ืขืจ ื•ื•ืขืœื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ื—ื›ืžื” ืื•ืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ืฐื™ืกืขื ืฉืึทืคื˜. 
ืึทืœื™ื™ืŸ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ื“ืึธ, ืื•ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืขืจ ืงืึธืคึผ ืื™ื– ื’ืขืœืขื ืขืŸ ื“ืึธืจื˜ืขืŸ, 
ืฆื•ื•ื™ืฉืขืŸ ื“ื™ ื’ ืจ ื• ื™ ืก ืข, ืฆื•ื•ื™ืฉืขืŸ ื“ื™ ื’ ืข ืœ ืข ืจ ืข ื  ื˜ ืข, ืฆื•ื•ื™ืฉืขืŸ 
ื“ื™ ื’ 5 ื™ืง ื™ื› ืข. ืขืก ืฐื”ืึธื˜ ื–ื™ื™ ื’ืขืฆื•ื™ื’ืขืŸ ืึทื”ื™ืŸ, ืฐื•ื™ ื ืžืึทื’ื ืขื˜, ื•ื™ ืึท 
ืงืœื™ื™ืŸ ืงื™ื ื“ ืฆื™ื”ื˜ ืื•ื™ืก ื“ื™ ื”ืขื ื˜ืœืขืš ืฆื• ื“ืขืจ ืžืึทืžืข.,. ืื™ื– ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ืขืคึผื™ื 
ื ื—ื™ื“ื•ืฉ, ืึทืฉื˜ืฒื’ืขืจ, ืึทื–ืŸ ืื™ื™ื ืžืึธืœ ืื™ืŸ ืึท ืฉื‘ืช-ืฆื•ื ืึทื›ื˜ืก ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ 
ื”ื“ื™ื™ ื‘ื™ืช-ืžื“ืจืฉ-ื‘ื—ื•ืจื™ื, ืื™ืฆื™ืง, ื™ื•ืกื™ืœ ืื•ืŸ ื‘ื ื™ืžื˜ืฉื™ืง, ื ื™ื˜ ื’ืข- 
ืกื˜ื™ื™ืขื˜ ? ืฐืึธืก ื”ื™ื™ืกื˜ ื ื™ื˜ ื’ืขืกื˜ื™ื™ืขื˜ ? -- ื ื™ืฉื˜ืึธ ืื•ืŸ ืึท ืกื•ืฃ! 
ืžืข ื”ืึธื˜ ื–ื™ื™ ืื•ื™ืกื’ืขื–ื•ื›ื˜ ืื™ืŸ ืฉื˜ืึธื“ื˜, ื•ื•ืื• ื“ื™ ื•ื•ืขืœื˜ ื”ืึธื˜ ืึตื™ืŸ 
ืขืง! ืžื™ืœื, ื™ืขื ืข ืฆื•ื™ื™ ื—ื‘ืจื”ืœื™ื™ื˜, ืื™ืฆื™ืง ืื•ืŸ ื™ื•ืกื™ืœ, ื–ืขื ืขืŸ 
ืงื‘ืฆื 'ื™ืฉืข ืงื™ื ื“ืขืจ, ื™ืชื•ืžื™ื, ืึธื—ืŸ ื ื˜ืึทื˜ืขืŸ ืื”ืŸ ืึท ืžืึทืžืขืŸ, -- 
ื•ื•ืขืžืขืŸ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ ืึธืคึผื’ืขื’ืึทื ื’ืขืŸืŸ? ืึธื‘ืขืจ ื‘ื ื™ืžื˜ืฉื™ืง! ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื“ืขืจ 
ืฉืžืฉ ื”ืึธื˜ ืื™ื™ื ื’ืขืœืขื’ื˜ ื“ื™ ื•ืขืœื˜, ืื™ื‘ืขืจื’ืขืงืœืขืจื˜ ื’ืึธื˜ ื•ื™ื™ืกื˜ 
ืฐืึธืก, ืื•ืŸ ื”ืึธื˜ ื–ื™ืš ื‘ืขืจื•ื”ื™ื’ื˜ ืขืจืฉื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืžืึธืจื’ืขืŸ, ืึทื– ืก'ืื™ื– ืึธื - 
ื’ืขืงื•ืžืขืŸ ืึท ื‘ืจื™ื•ื•ืขืœ ืคื•ืŸ ืึทืœึถืข ื“ืจื™ื™ ื•ื•ื™ื™ืกืข-ื—ื‘ืจื”'ื ื™ืงืขืก, ืึทื– ืžืข ื–ืึธืœ 
ื ืึธืจ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืื™ื‘ืขืจื˜ืจืึทื›ื˜ืขืŸ, ื–ื™ื™ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ, ื‘ืจื•ืš ื”ืฉื, ื’ืขื–ื•ื ื“ ืื•ืŸ 
ืฉื˜ืึทืจืง ; ื–ื™ื™ ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ ืึทืจื•ืกื’ืขื–ืขื”ืขืŸ (ืึทื–ืฑ ืฉืจื™ื™ื‘ืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™), ืึทื– ื“ืึธ 
ืื™ืŸ ื›ื™ืช-ื—ืžื“ืจืฉ ืื™ื– ืคืึทืจ ื–ื™ื™ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืชื›ืœื™ืช ื ื™ื˜, ืœื›ืŸ ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ ื–ื™ืš 
ืึทืฐืขืงื’ืขืœืึธื–ื˜ ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื— ืืจื™ื™ืŸ, ืงื™ื™ืŸ ื•ื•ื™ืœื ื, ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืฐืึทืœืึธื–ืฉื™ืŸ 
ืึธื“ืขืจ ืื™ืŸ ,ื“ืขืจ ืžื™ืจ"... ื–ื™ื™ ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ืึท ื›ื™ื•ืŸ ืื•ื™ืกื’ืขืจืขื›ืขื ื˜ 
ืึทืœืข ื“ืจื™ื™ ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืช, ื‘ื›ื“ื™ ืžืข ื–ืึธืœ ื ื™ื˜ ื•ื•ื™ืกืขืŸ, ืื™ืŸ ืฐืึธืกืขืจ ืึท ืฉื˜ืึธื“ื˜ 
ื–ื™ื™ ืฆื• ื–ื•ื›ืขืŸ. ืึธื˜ ื“ืึธืก ื”ื™ื™ืกื˜ ืึธืคึผื’ืขืึทืจื‘ืฒื˜ ืงืœื•ื’, ืžื™ื˜ ืฉื›ืœ!.. 
ืก'ืื™ื– ืึธื‘ืขืจ ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ืื•ืžื–ื™ืกื˜ ื“ืึธืก ืคืขืจืฉื˜ืขืœืขืŸ ื–ื™ืš ืžื™ื˜'ืŸ 
ื‘ืขื”ืืœื˜ืขืŸ ื–ื™ืš ืžื™ื˜'ืŸ ืื ื˜ืœื•ื™ืคืขืŸ. ืก'ืื™ื– ื–ื™ื™ ืงื™ื™ื ืขืจ ืžื™ื ืงื™ื™ืŸ 
ืคึผืึธื˜ืฉื˜ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื ืึธื›ื’ืขืœืึธืคืขืŸ. ื“ื™ ืฉื˜ืึธื“ื˜ ืื™ื– ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ, ืื“ืจื‘ื”, ืฆื•" 
ืคืจื™ืขื“ืขืŸ,. ืขืจืฉื˜ืขื ืก, ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื•ื•ื™ื ืฆื™ื ืขืจ ืžื™ื˜ ื ืฆื•ื•ื™ื™ื“ื“ืจื™ื™ ืึธืจืขืžืข 
ื‘ื—ื•ืจื™ื, ืฐืึธืก ืžืข ืžื•ื– ื–ื™ื™ ืื•ื™ืกื”ืืœื˜ืขืŸ ืฐื™ ื˜'ื ื™ื˜ ืื™ื–; ืžืข ืงืึธืŸ 
ื“ืึธืš ื–ื™ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืœืึธื–ืขืŸ ืึทื–ืฑ, ื–ื™ื™ ื–ืืœืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืกื’ืขื”ืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื—ื•ื ื’ืขืจ. ื•ื”ืฉื ื™ืช, 


8 , ื•ื•ื•ื’ืจื•ืฉื ืข ื‘ื•ืœื•ืขื" 18 


ืื™ื– ื˜ืึทืงื™ ื’ืœืึธื˜ ืฉืขืŸ, ืื– ืึธืจืขืžืข ืงื™ื ื“ืขืจ ื•ื•ื™ืœืขืŸ ืœืขืจื ืขืŸ. ื”ืœื•ืื™ 
ืฐื•ืึธืœื˜ืขืŸ ืึทืœืข ืื™ื“ืขืŸ ื’ืขืงืึทื ื˜, ืฐืึธืœื˜ืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ ื–ื™ืš ืื•ื™ืš ืึทืฐืขืงื ืขืœืึธื•ื˜ 
ืขืจื ื™ืฅ ืื™ืŸ ืขืก ื•ื•ืขืœื˜, ืึฒื‘ื™ ืžืข ื–ืึธืœ ื ื™ื˜ ื“ืึทืจืคืขืŸ ืžื•ื˜ืฉืขืŸ ื–ื™ืš, ื˜ืจื 
ื’ืขืŸ ื“ืขื ืขื•ืœ ืคื•ืŸ ืคืจื ืกื”.. 


ื‘. 


ืฐืึธืก ืื™ื– ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืกื•ืฃ ืคื•ืŸ ื™ืขื ืข ืฆื•ื•ื™ื™ ื‘ื—ื•ืจื™ืž'ืœืขืš, ืื™ืฆื™ืก 
ืื•ืŸ ื™ื•ืกื™ืœ --- ื•ื•ื™ื™ื˜ืขืŸ ืžื™ืจ ื ื™ืฉื˜, ื ืึธืจ ืคื•ืŸ ื‘ื ื™ืžื˜ืฉื™ืงืขืŸ ื”ืึธื˜ ื™ืฉืจืืค 
ื“ืขืจ ืฉืžืฉ ืื™ืŸ ื ื”ืืœื‘ ื™ืึถื—ืจ ืึทืจื•ื ืžืงื‘? ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ื ื‘ืจื™ืขืฃ ื ื™ื˜ ืคื•ืŸ 
ืฐืึทืœืึธื–ืฉื™ืŸ, ื ื™ื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ื•ื•ื™ืœื ื ืื•ืŸ ื ื™ื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ,ื“ืขืจ ืžื™ืจ", ื ืึธืจ ืคื•ืŸ ืึตื™ื™ืŸ 
ืึทื ื“ืขืจ ืฉื˜ืึธื“ื˜, ืคื•ืŸ ืึท ื’ืจื•ื™ืกืขืจ ืฉื˜ืึธื“ื˜, ืึทื– ืขืจ ื–ืึธืœ ื–ื™ืš ื ืึธืจ ื ื™ื˜ 
ื–ืึธืจื’ืขืŸ, ืฐืึธืจื•ื ืขืจ, ื‘ื ื™ืžื˜ืฉื™ืง ื”ื™ื™ืกื˜ ื“ืึธืก, ื’ืขืคื™ื ื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืื•ื™ื'ืฅ 
,ืจืขื ื˜ืขืŸ ื•ื•ืขื’", ืขืก ื•ื•ึถืขื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ืื™ื—ื, ืžื™ื˜ ื’ืึธื˜'ืก ื—ื™ืœืฃ, ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื ืœื™ื™ื˜, 
ื ืึธื˜ ื–ืึธืœ ืื™ื”ื ื ืึธืจ ื”ืขืœืคืขืŸ, ืขืจ ื–ืึธืœ ืึธืคึผื’ืขื‘ืขืŸ ื“ืขื ืขืงื–ืึทืžืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ 
ืึทืจื™ื™ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื ื™ืžื ืึทื–ื™ืข, ืฐืขื˜ ืขืจ, ืื ื™ืจืฆื” ื”ืฉื, ื’ืขื—ืŸ ื•ื•ื™ื™ื˜ืขืจ ืื•ืŸ 
ืฉื˜ื•ื“ื™ืขืจืขืŸ ื“ืึธืงื˜ืึธืš? ; ืื•ืŸ ืึทื– ืขืจ ืฐื•ืขื˜ ,ืื•ื™ืกืฉื˜ื•ื“ื™ืขืจืขืŸ ื“ืึธืง- 
ื˜ืึธืšืจ?, ืฐืขื˜ ืขืจ ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ ืึท ืคื™ื™ื ืข ื‘ื›ื‘ื•ื“'ืข ืคึผืจื ืกื” ืื™ืŸ ื”ืึทื ื“, ืื•ืŸ 
ืฐื•ืขื˜ ืงืึทื ืขืŸ ืืฑืกื”ืึทืœื˜ืขืŸ ื˜ืึทื˜ืข-ืžืึทืžืข ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ืขืจ ืขืœื˜ืขืจ; ื“ืขืจ 
ื˜ืึทื˜ืข ืฐืขื˜ ืคึผืขืจืฉืคึผืึธืจืขืŸ ื”ืึธืจืขืฐืขืŸ, ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื ืฉืžืฉ, ืื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืžืึทืžืข ื 
ืฉืžืฉ'ื˜ืข ; ืื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืฉื•ื•ืขืกื˜ืขืจ ื•ื•ืขื˜ ืขืจ, ื‘ืขื–ืจืช ื”ืฉื, ื—ืชื•ื ื” ืžื- 
ื›ืขืŸ ืึทืœืข ื“ืจื™ื™, ืื•ืŸ ืžืข ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื–ื™ืฆืขืŸ ืึทืœืข ืื™ื ืื™ื™ื ืขื ื‘ืฉืœื•ื ื•ืฉืœื•ื”, 
ืื•ืŸ ืžืข ืฐื•ืขื˜ ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ ืคึผื™ืขืœ ื ื—ืช. ,ืื•ืŸ ื“ืึธืก ืฐืึธืก ืื™ื– ืฉื™ื™ืš ืฆื• ืื™- 
ืจื™ืฉืงื™ื™ื˜, --- ืึทื–ืฑ ื”ืึธื˜ ื‘ื ื™ืžื™ืŸ ื’ืขืฉืจื™ื‘ืขืŸ -- ื–ืืœื˜ ืื™ื—ืจ ื–ื™ืš, ืžื™ื•- 
ื ืข ืœื™ืขื‘ึผืข ืื•ืŸ ื’ืขื˜ืจื™ื™ืข, ื’ืึธืจ ื ื™ื˜ ื–ืึธืจื’ืขืŸ { ืžืข ืงืึธืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื’ืขืœืขืจืขื ื˜ 
ื•ื™ ื“ื™ ื ืื ืฆืข ื•ื•ืขืœื˜, ืื•ืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขืกื˜ื•ื•ืขื’ืขืŸ ืฐืึธืก ืฆื• ื’ืึธื˜ ืื™ื– ืฆื• ื’ืึธื˜. 
ืื™ืš ื“ืึทื•ืขืŸ, ื–ืึธืœื˜ ืื™ื”ืจ ื•ื•ื™ืžืขืŸ, ืึทืœืข ื˜ืึธื’, ืื•ืŸ ืœืขื’ ืชืคื™ืœื™ืŸ, ืื•ืŸ 
ืฐืึทืฉ ื–ื™ืš ืฆื•ื ืขืกืขืŸ, ืึทื‘ื™ ืก'ืื™ื– ื ืึธืจ ืคืึทืจื—ืึทืŸ ืฐืึธืก, ืžื—ืžืช ืขืกืขืŸ --- 
ืขืกืขืŸ ืžื™ืจ ื“ืึธ ืื™ื™ืŸ ืžืึธืœ ืื™ืŸ ืฆื•ื•ื™ื™ ื˜ืึธื’, ืฐืึธืก ื ืึธื˜ ื’ื™ื˜, ืึทืžืึธืœ ื 


14 ืฉืœื•ื"ืขืœื•8ืก 


ื˜ืจื•ืงืขืŸ ืฉื˜ื™ืงืข? ื‘ืจื•ื™ื˜, ืื•ืŸ ืึทืžืึธืœ ืึท ื™ื™ื ื’ืขื˜ื•ื ืงืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ 
ื–ืึท ?ืฅ-ื•ื•ืึท ืกืข ืจ, ืื• ืึทื– ืขืก ืžืึทื›ื˜ ื–ื™ืš, ืก'ืื™ื– ื ื™ืฉื˜ืึธ 
ื’ืึธืจื ื™ื˜, ืกืžืึธื˜ืฉืงืขื˜ ืžืขืŸ ืึท ืฉื˜ื™ืงืขืœ ืฆื•ืงืขืจ. ืฆื•ืงืขืจ ืึดื™ื– ื ืกื’ื•ืœื— 
ืฆื•ื ื”ื•ื ื’ืขืจ, ืคืขืจืฉืœืึธื ื˜ ื“ืขื ืึทืคึผืขื˜ื™ื˜. ื“ืขืจืคืึทืจ ืœืขืจืขื ื˜ ืžืขืŸ ืึธื‘ืขืจ 
ื’ืขืฉืžืึทืง! ืคืขืจื’ืขืกื˜ ื ื™ื˜; ืคื™ืขืจ ื’ืจืึทืกื˜ื˜ื™ืงืขืก ื‘ืขื“ืึทืจืฃ ืžืขืŸ 
ืื•ื™ืกืœืขืจื ืขืŸ ! ื”ื™ื™ื ื˜ ื•ื•ืื• ืื™ื– ื ืขืึทื ืจืึทืคื™ืข ? ื•ื•ืื• ืื™ื– ื”ื™ืกื˜ืึธืจื™ืข ? 
ืื•ืŸ ื•ื•ืื• ืื™ื– , ืฉืืจ ื™ืจืงื•ืช" 4 ืžืึทื˜ืขืžืึทื˜ื™ืงืข ืื™ื– ื‘ืœืึธื˜ืข ; ืึทืœื’ืขื‘- 
ืจืข, ื–ืึธืœ ืึทื™ื™ืš ืฆื• ืงื™ื™ืŸ ื—ืจืคึผื” ื ื™ื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ, ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ ืžื™ืจ ื ืึธืš ื’ืขืœืขืจืขื ื˜ 
ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ื—ื™ื™ื, ืื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ืช:ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ, ืื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืžืœื™ืฆื”-ืกืคืจื™ื, ืฐืึธืก ืžื™ืจ 
ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ ื–ื™ืš ื“ืขืžืึธืœื˜ ืึธื ื’ืขืœื™ื™ืขื ื˜, ืงื•ืžืขืŸ ืื•ื ื– ื—ื™ื™ื ื˜ ืฆื•ื ื•ืฅ ื‘ื™ื™'ื 
ืฉืจื™ื™ื‘ืขืŸ , ืกืึธื˜ืฉื™ื ื™ืขื ื™ืขืก". ืื™ื™ืŸ ืฉื˜ื™ืงืขืœ ื—ืกืจื•ืŸ, ืฐืึธืก ื“ืึธืก ืœืฉื•ืŸ 
ืื™ื– ื‘ื™ื™ ืื•ื ื– ืึท ื‘ื™ืกืข? ื ื™ื˜ ืึทื–ืฑ ืฉืึทืจืฃ, ืฐื™ ืžืข ื‘ืขื“ืึทืจืฃ. ื ืึธืจ ืฆื• 
ื’ืึธื˜ ืึท ื”ืึธืคืขื ื•ื ื’, ืžื™ืจ ื•ื•ืขืœืขืŸ ื“ืึธืก ืื•ื™ืš ืื™ื‘ืขืจืงื•ืžืขืŸ ื‘ืฉืœื•ื. ืื™ื”ืจ 
ื–ืึธืœื˜ ื–ื™ืš ื ืึธืจ ื ื™ื˜ ื–ืึธืจื ืขืŸ, ืขืก ืฐืขื˜, ืื ื™ืจืฆื” ื”ืฉื, ืึทืœืกื“ื™ื ื’ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ 
ืื–ื•ื™ ื•ื™ ืžืข ื‘ืขื“ืึทืจืฃ. ื“ืขืจ ืขื™ืงืจ --- ื ืึธืจ ื ื™ื˜ ื’ืขื–ืึธืจื’ื˜ ืื•ืŸ ื’ืขื”ืึธืคื˜ 
ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ืขื ืฐืึธืกึผ ืœืขื‘ื˜ ืื™ื™ื‘ื™ื’!" - 

ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื“ืขืจ ืฉืžืฉ, ืึทื– ืขืจ ื”ืึธื˜ ื‘ืขืงื•ืžืขืŸ ื“ืึธืก ื“ืึธื–ื™ื’ืข ื‘ืจื™ื•ื•ืขืœ, 
ืื™ืŸ ืขืจ ื‘ืึทืœื“ ืึทืฐืขืง ืฆื• ื™ืจื—ืžื™ื?-ืžืฉื” ื“ืขื ืžืœืžื“, -- ืึตื™ื™ืŸ ืึตืœ- 
ื˜ืขืจ ื’ื•ื˜ืขืจ ื‘ืจื•ื“ืขืจ, ืึทื™ื™ืŸ ืขื”ืจืœื™ื›ืขืจ ืื™ื“ ืื•ืŸ ื ื‘ืขืœ-ืกื•ื“. 

--- ื–ื™ื™ื˜ ื–ืฉืข ืžื•ื—?, ืœื™ื™ืขื ื˜-ื“ื•ืจืš ื“ืึธืก ื“ืึธื–ื™ื’ืข ื‘ืจื™ื•ื•ืขืœ, ืื•ืŸ 
ืึทื– ืื™ื—ืจ ืฐืขื˜ ื“ืึธืก ื“ื•ืจื›ืœื™ื™ืขื ืขืŸ, ืฐืขื˜ ืื™ื—ืจ ื–ื™ืš ืžื˜ืจื™ื— ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื˜ืึทืงื™ 
ืื™ืŸ ืื™ื™ื ื•ื•ืขื’ืก ืึธื ืฉืจื™ื™ื‘ืขืŸ ืึทื™ื™ืŸ ืขื ื˜ืคืขืจ, ื“ืึธืก ื”ื™ื™ืกื˜, ืื™ืš ืฐืึธืœื˜ 
ื’ืขืงืึธื ื˜ ืืคื™ืœื• ืึทืœึตื™ื™ืŸ ืึธื ืฉืจื™ื™ื‘ืขืŸ, ื ืึธืจ ืึทืœืฅ ื—ื™ื™ืกื˜ ื’ืขืฉืจื™ื‘ืข. 
ืื•ื“ืื™ ืฐื•ืขื˜ ืื™ื”ืจ ื‘ืขืกืขืจ ืึธื ืฉืจื™ื™ื‘ืขืŸ ืคื•ึนืŸ ืžื™ืจ, ?ืžืื™ ื–ืึธืœ ืื™ืš ืงื™ื™- 
ืงืขื ืขืŸ ? 

ื™ืจื”ืžื™ืืœ-ืžืฉื” ื“ืขืจ ืžืœืžื“ ื•ื•ื™ื™ืกื˜ ื’ืึทื ืฅ ื ื•ื˜, ืึทื– ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื“ืขืจ 
ืฉืžืฉ ื–ืึธื’ื˜ ื ืขื‘ืืš ื ื’ืจื•ื™ืกืขืŸ ืœื™ื ืขืŸ. ืึทื–ืฑ ืœืื ื’ ืฉืžื™ื™ืกื˜ ืžืขืŸ ืื™ื”ื, 
ื•ื™ ืœืึทื ื’ ืขืจ ืงืึธืŸ ืึธื ืฉืจืฒื™ื‘ืขืŸ ืึตื™ื™ืŸ ืขื ื˜ืคืขืจ! ื ืึธืจ ืึทืจืฑืกื‘ืขืฐืฒื–ืขืŸ 
ืื™ื”ื, ืึทื– ืขืจ ืื™ื– ืึท ืœื™ื’ื ืขืจ --- ืื™ื– ืขืจ ื ื™ื˜ ืžื—ื•ื™ื‘ ืœืžืื™ ื–ืึธืœ ืขืจ 
ืžื‘ื™ื™ืฉ ืฉื˜ืขืœืขืŸ ื ืžืขื ืฉืขืŸ? ื”ืึธื˜ ืขืจ ืึธื ื’ืขื–ืึธื˜ืขืœื˜ ืจื™ ื ืึธื– ืžื™ื˜ 


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8 , ื•ื™ื’ืจื™ืฉื ืข ื‘ื•ืœื•ืขื˜" 15 


ื ืคึทึผืึทืจ ืžืฉื•ื ื”-ืžืึธื“ื ืข ื‘ืจื™ืœืขืŸ, ืฐืึธืก ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื‘ืขืฉื˜ืึทื ืขืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื ืฉื˜ื™- 
ืงืขืœ ื“ืจืึธื˜ ืžื™ื˜ ืฆื•ื•ื™ื™ ื‘ืขื ื“ืœืขืš : ืื™ืŸ ืื™ื™ืŸ ืื•ื™ื’ืขืœ ืื™ืŸ ื’ืขืฉื˜ืึทื ืขืŸ 
ื ื‘ืœืขื‘ืขืœ, ืื•ืŸ ื“ืึธืก ืึทื ื“ืขืจืข ืื™ื– ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ืœืขืจื™ื’, ื’ืœืึธื˜ ื ืœืขื›ืขืค, 
ื”ืึธื˜ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื’ืขืงืึธื ื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืึทื™ื™ื ื”ืึทืœื˜ืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ ื”ืึธื˜ ืื™ื”ื ื ืคืจืขื’ 
ื’ืขื˜ื”ืึธืŸ ; 

--- ื•ื•ืึธื˜ ื˜ื•ื™ื  ื˜ื™ื™ืš, ืจื‘ื™, ื•ื ื‘ืจื™? 4 ืื™ื”ืจ ื–ืขื”ื˜ ื“ืขืŸ ืขืคื™ 
ืื•ื™ืฃ ืื™ื”ืจ ? 

-- ืึทืœืฅ ื’ืœื™ื™ื›ืขืจ ืฐื™ ืึถื”ืŸ ืึท ื‘ืจื™ืœ, ื›'ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ืึทื™ื™ื ื’ืข- 
ืฐืึธื”ื ื˜ ! -- ื”ืึธื˜ ืื™ื—ื ื™ืจื—ืžื™ื?-ืžืฉื” ื’ืขืขื ื˜ืคืขืจื˜, ื’ืขื ื•ืžืขืŸ ืจืึธืก 
ื‘ืจื™ื•ื•ืขืœ ืึท ื‘ื™ืกืขืœ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจื•ื•ื™ื™ื˜ืขืŸ, ืื™ื™ืŸ ืื•ื™ื’ (ื™ืขื ืก ืฐืึธืก ืื•ื ื˜ืขืจืฅ 
ื‘ืœืขื ื›ืขืœ) ืฆื•ื’ืขืžืึทื‘ื˜, ืื•ืŸ ืžื™ื˜ืฅ ืึทื ื“ืขืจืขืŸ ืื•ื™ื’ (ื™ืขื ืก ืฐืึธืก ืื•ื ื˜ืขืจ'ืฅ 
ืœืขื›ืขืœ) ื”ืึธื˜ ืขืจ ื’ืขืœื•ื™ืขื ื˜ ื’ื™ืš ื•ื™ ื ืฐืึทืกืขืจ, ืื•ืŸ ื”ื•ื™ืš ืื•ื™ืฃ ืึท ืงื•ืœ, 
ื–ื™ืš ืึธืคึผื’ืขืฉื˜ืขืœื˜ ืึทืœืข ืžืึธืœ ืื•ืŸ ื’ืขืงื•ืงื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื–ืฉืจื?'ืขืŸ, ื•ื™ ืื™ื™ื ืขืจ 
ืจืขืจื˜ : , ื”ื™ื™ื ื˜ ืคืขืจืฉื˜ืขื”ื˜ ืื™ื”ืจ, ืฐืึธืก ื”ื™ื™ืกื˜ ื’ืขืงืึธื ื˜ ืœื™ื™ืขื ืขืŸ ืค" 
ืื•ืŸ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืื™ืŸ ื’ืขืฉื˜ืึทื ืขืŸ ื‘ืฉืขืช ืžืขืฉื” ื“ืขื ืงืึธืคึผ ืึท ื‘ื™ืกืขืœืข ืื•ื™ืฃ 
ื ื–ื™ื™ื˜ ืื•ืŸ ืคืขืจืจื™ืกืขืŸ ืึทืจื•ื™ืฃ ืžื™ื˜ ื’ื“ืœื•ืช, ื•ื™ ืื™ื™ื ืขืจ ืจืขืจื˜ : , ื”ื™ื™ื ื˜ 
ืคืขืจืฉื˜ืขื”ื˜ ืื™ื”ืจ, ืฐืึธืก ื”ื™ื™ืกื˜ ื’ืขืงืึธื ื˜ ืฉืจื™ื™ื‘ืขืŸ ?"... 

-- ื ื•, ืจื‘ื™, ื•ื•ืึธืก ื•ื•ืขื˜ ืื™ื”ืจ ื”ื™ื™ื ื˜ ื–ืึธื’ืขืŸ 1 -- ื”ืึธื˜ ื–ื™ืš 
ื™ืฉืจื? ืึธื ื’ืขืจื•ืคืขืŸ ืฆื• ื™ืจื—ืžื™ืืœ-ืžืฉื”'ืŸ, ื ืึทื›ื“ืขื ืึทื– ื™ืจื—ืžื™ืืœ-ืžืฉื” 
ื”ืึธื˜ ืืฑื™ืกื’ืขื˜ื”ืึธืŸ ื“ื™ ื‘ืจื™ืœืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืึทืฐื•ืขืงื’ืขื’ืขื‘ืขืŸ ืื™ื”ื ื“ืึธืก ื‘ืจื™ื•ื•ืขืค, 

-- ื•ืืก ื–ืึธืœ ืื™ืš ืื™ื™ืš ื–ืึทื ืขืŸ 1 -- ื”ืึธื˜ ืื™ื—ื ื™ืจื—ืžื™ืืœ-ืžืฉื” 
ื’ืขืขื ื˜ืคืขืจื˜ ืžื™ื˜ ื ื–ื™ืคืฅ. --- ืื•ื“ืื™, ืื•ื“ืื™  }โ€ ืžื—ื›ืชื™ืชื™, ื–ืขื—ืจ 
ืคื™ื™ืŸ, ืึทื‘ื™ ืขืจ ื“ืึทื•ื•ืขื ื˜ ืึทืœืข ื˜ืึธื’ ืื•ืŸ ืœืขื’ื˜ ืชืคื™ืœื™ืŸ, ื”ืœื•ืื™ ื•ื•ื™ื™- 
ืคืขืจ ื ื™ื˜ ืขืจื ืขืจ, ื”ืœื™ืœื”.. 

-- ืื™ืš ืฉืžื•ืขืก ืขืก ืึทืงืขื’ืขืŸ ื“ืขื, ืฐืึธื ืขืจ ื•ืื›ืกื˜, ืžื™ื™ืŸ 
ื‘ื ื™ืžื˜ืฉื™ืง ื”ื™ื™ืกื˜ ื“ืึธืก, ื ืžืขื ื˜ืฉ, ืึดื˜ ื“ืึธืก ืžื™ื™ืŸ ืื™ืš ! --- ืึทื–ื•ื™ 
ืžืึทื›ื˜ ืฆื• ืื™ื”ื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื“ืขืจ ืฉืžืฉ, ืื•ืŸ ืžื™ื™ื ืขืŸ ืžื™ื™ื ื˜ ืขืจ ื’ืึธืจ 
ืขืคึผื™ืก ืึทื ื“ืขืจืฉ, ื‘ื™ื™ ืื™ื”ื ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ืขืจ ืฆื•ื ื’ ืœื™ื’ืขืŸ ื ืึธืจ ื“ื™ ื•ื•ืขืจื˜ืขืจ : 
ื’ื ื™ืžื ืึทื–ื™ืข?, ,ื“ืึธืงื˜ืึธืจ".., โ€ ื ืึธืจ ืึทืจื•ืฑื™ืกืœืึธื–ืขืŸ ื“ืึธืก ืคื•ื 'ื ืžื•ื™ืœ ื”ืึธื˜ 
ืขืจ ืžื•ืจื, ืจื•ืคื˜ ืขืจ ื–ื™ืš ืึธืŸ ืฆื• ื™ืจื—ืžื™ื?-ืžืฉื”'ืŸ 1 


16 ืฉืœื•ื-ืขืœื•ื‘ื 


--- ืื™ืš ืฉืžื•ืขืก ืึทืงืขื ืขืŸ ื“ืขื, ืฐืึธืก ืื™ื—ืจ ื–ืึธื’ื˜, ืขืจ ืœืขืจืขื ื˜ 
ื–ื™ืš ืื•ื™ืฃ... ื“ืึธืงื˜ืึธืจ? ื”ืึท 4 ืฐืึธืก ื–ืึธื’ื˜ ืื™ื”ืจ? ืื™ื”ืจ ื–ืขื ื˜ 
ื“ืึธืš ืขืคึผื™ืก ืึท ืื™ื“ ืึท ื—ื›ื. 

ื™ืจื—ืžื™ืืœ-ืžืฉื” ื•ื•ื™ื™ืกื˜, ืึทื– ืขืจ ืื™ื– ืึท ืื™ื“ ื ื—ื›ื, ื ืึธืจ ืฐืึธืก ืคึผืึธืŸ 
ืขืจ ืื™ื”ื ื“ืขืจื•ื™ืฃ ื–ืึธื ืขืŸ ? ืื•ื“ืื™, ื•ื•ืขืŸ ืก'ื–ืึธืœ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื’ืขืฐืขื ื“ื˜ ืึธืŸ 
ืื™ื”ื, ืึธืŸ ื™ืจื—ืžื™ื?-ืžืฉื—'ืŸ, ืฐืึธืœื˜ ืขืจ ืื™ื—ื ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื’ืขืœืึธื–ื˜ ืฉื˜ืฑ 
ื“ื™ืขืจืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ื’ื™ืžื ืึทื–ื™ืขืก; ืฆื• ืฐืึธืก ื˜ื•ื™ื’ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื“ืขื ืฉืžืฉ ืึท 
ื–ื•ื”ืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื’ื™ืžื ืื–ื™ืขืก ืžื™ื˜ ื“ืึธืงื˜ื•ื™ืจื™ื ื’ืึธืจ 4 ื ืึธืจ, ืึทืคึผื ื™ื, ืขืžื™ืฆืขืจ 
ืคืจืขื ื˜ ื‘ื™ื™ ืื™ื”ื ืึทื™ื™ืŸ ืขืฆื”? ืื•ืŸ ื™ืจื—ืžื™ืืœ-ืžืฉื” ื“ืขืจ ืžืœืžื“ ืกื•ืงื˜ 
ืžื™ื˜ ืคืขืจื’ืœืขื–ืขืจื˜ืข ืื•ื™ื ืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ืขืจ ืฐื•ืึทื ื˜ ืื•ืŸ ืคึฟืึทื–ื˜ื™ืึทืจืฑืก ืึท 
ื˜ื™ืขืคืขืŸ ื–ื™ืคึผืฅ,. ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื“ืขืจ ืฉืžืฉ ืคืขืจืฉื˜ืขื—ื˜, ืฐืึธืก ื‘ืขื“ื™ื™ื˜ ื“ืขืจ 
ื“ืึธื–ื™ื’ืขืจ ื–ื™ืคืฅ 1 ืขืจ ืื™ื– ืžื™ื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืึทืœึตื™ื™ืŸ ืื•ื™ืš ื ืึธืš ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืื™ื ื’ืึทื ืฆืขืŸ 
ืคืึทืจื˜ื™ื’; ืขืจ ืื™ื– ืึทืœึตื™ื™ืŸ ืื•ื™ืš ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืึทื–ืฑ ืฆื•ืคื•ื™ืขื“ืขืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ื“ืขืจ 
ื ื™ืžื ืึทื–ื™ืข. ื ืึธืจ ืฆื•ืจื™ืง ืฉืžื•ืขืกืขื ื“ื™ื’!: ืกื˜ื™ื™ื˜ืฉ, ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื–ื•ื—ืŸ, ื–ื™ื™ืŸ 
ื‘ื ื™ืžื˜ืฉื™ืก ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ , ื“ืึธืงื˜ืึธืš? ! 

--- ืขืœืขื—ื™ื™ -- ื–ืึธื ื˜ ืขืจ ืฆื•ื ืžืœืžื“ ืื•ืŸ ืคืขืจ'ื’ื ื‘ื”"ื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืžื™ื˜ 
ื•ื•ืขืจื˜ืขืจ --- ืขืœืขื”ื™ื™ ื ื‘ืขืœ-ืžืœืื›ื” 4 ื”ื“ืึทืงื˜ืึธืจื™ืข" ืื™ื– ื“ืขืŸ ื ื™ื˜ 
ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืžืœืื›ื” ? ื•ื‘ืคืจื˜ ืขืจ ื“ืึทืฐืขื ื˜ ืึทืœืข ื˜ืึธื’ ืื•ืŸ ืœืขื’ื˜ ืชืคื™ืงื™ืŸ, 
ื”ืœื•ืื™ ื•ื•ื™ื™ื˜ืขืจ, ื—ืœื™ืœื”, ื ื™ื˜ ืขืจื’ืขืจ.. 

ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื“ืขืจ ืฉืžืฉ ืฉื˜ืขื—ื˜ ืึท ื•ื•ื™ื™ืœืข, ื ืึธื›ื“ืขื ืจื•ืคื˜ ืขืจ ื–ื™ืš ืึถืŸ 
ืฆื•ื ืžืœืžื“ ืื•ืŸ ืงื•ื•ื™ื™ื ืงืขืœื˜ ื–ื™ืš : 

--- ืื™ืš ื”ืึธื‘ ื“ืึธืš ืึทื™ื™ืš ื’ืขื–ืึธื’ื˜, ืจื‘ื™, ืึทื– ื›'ื—ืึธื‘ ืฆื• ืึทึตื™ื™ืš ื 
ื‘ืงืฉื”, ืžื˜ืจื™ื— ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื–ื™ืš ืึธืคึผืขื ื˜ืคืขืจืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืค'ืŸ ื‘ืจื™ื•ื•ืขืœ. ื ืึธืจ ืฐืึธืก 
ื“ืขืŸ ? ืื™ื—ืจ ืงืขื ื˜ ื“ืึธืš ืื•ื ื–ืขืจ ืฉื˜ืขื“ื˜ืขืœ... ืžืข ื”ืึธื˜ ืœื™ืขื‘ ื”ืึทืœ- 
ื˜ืขืŸ ื™ืขื ืขื ืื™ืŸ ืžื•ื™ืœ,., ืื•ืŸ ืึทืœืฒืŸ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืื™ืš ืึท ืคืึทืจืงื•ื™ืคื˜ืขืจ ืžืขื ื˜ืฉ.. 
ื“ื™ ื•ื•ื™ืกื˜ืข ืคืจื ืกื”..,. ืื™ืš ื”ืึธื‘ ืึทื™ื™ืš ื’ืขืฐืึธืœื˜ ื‘ืขื˜ืขืŸ, ืก'ื–ืึธืœ ื“ืขืจ- 
ื•ื•ื™ื™ืœืข ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ืกื•ื“, ืื™ื”ืจ ืคืึทืจืฉื˜ืขื”ื˜ ... 

--- ืื™ืš ืคืึทืจืฉื˜ืขื”, ืคึผืึทืจ ืฐืึธืก ื–ืึธืœ ืื™ืš ื ื™ื˜ ืคืึทืจืฉื˜ืขื”ืŸ 4 -- 
ื–ืึธื ื˜ ื™ืจื—ืžื™ื?-ืžืฉื” ืื•ืŸ ื–ืึธื˜ืขืœื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืึธืŸ ื ืึธืš ื ืžืึธืœ ืžื™ื˜ ื–ื™ื™ื ืข 
ืžืึธื“ื ืข ื‘ืจื™ืœืขืŸ, ื ืขืžื˜ ืึท ืฉื˜ื™ืงืข? ืคึผืึทืคึผื™ืขืจ ืื•ืŸ ื ื˜ื™ื ื˜-ืื•ืŸ-ืคืขื“ืขืจ, 


8 ,ื•ื™ื’ืจื•ืฉื ืข ื‘ึผื•ืœื•ืขื˜" 17 


ื˜ื•ื ืงื˜ ืึตื™ื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืคึผืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ ื•ืืจื˜ ืฐืึธืก ื“ืขืจ ืฉืžืฉ ืฐื•ืขื˜ ืื™ื—ื ื–ืึธื’ืขืŸ 
ืฐืึธืก ืฆื• ืฉื•ื™ื™ื‘ืขืŸ, 


-- ืฉืจื™ื™ื‘ื˜ ืื™ื”ื, ื–ื™ื™ื˜ ืžื•ื—?, --- ื“ื™ืงื˜ื™ืจื˜ ืื™ื”ื ื™ืฉืจื? ืจืขืจ 
ืฉืžืฉ -- ืœื‘ื ื™ ื”ื™ืงืจ ืžื•ื—ืจ"ืจ ื‘ื ื™ืžื™ืŸ, ืจืืฉื™ืช ืฉืจื™ื™ื‘ ืื™ืš ื“ื™ืจ, ืึทื– 
ืžื™ืจ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืึทืœืข, ื‘ืจื•ืš ื”ืฉื, ืื™ืŸ ื‘ืขืกื˜ืขืŸ ื’ืขื–ื•ื ื˜, ื’ืขื‘ ื’ืึธื˜ ื“ืึธืก 
ื’ืขืžืœื™ื›ืข ืคื•ืŸ ืื™ื”ื ืฆื• ื”ืขืจืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื•ื•ื™ื™ื˜ืขืจ ื ื™ื˜ ืขืจื’ืขืจ, ืืžืŸ, 
ื•ื”ืฉื ื™ืช, ืฉืจื™ื™ื‘ื˜ ืื™ื”ื, ืึทื– ืื™ืš ืื•ืŸ ืกื™ืžืข, ืžื™ื™ืŸ ื•ื•ื™ื™ื‘ ื”ื™ื™ืกื˜ ืจืึธืก, 
ืœืึธื–ืขืŸ ืื™ื—ื ื’ืจื™ืกืขืŸ ื’ืืจ ืคืจื™ื™ื ืจืœื™ืš, ืื•ืŸ ื‘ืขื˜ืขืŸ ืื™ื”ื, ืขืจ ื–ืึธื›ึฟ 
ืื•ื ื– ืฉืจื™ื™ื‘ืขืŸ ืึธืคื˜ืข ื‘ืจื™ื•ื•ืœืขืš ืคื•ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืžืึทื›ืขืŸ ืฐืึธืก ืขืจ ืžืึทื›ื˜ ืื™ืŸ 
ื’ืขื–ื•ื ื˜, ืื•ืŸ ืฉืจื™ื™ื‘ื˜, ืึทื– ืžื™ืจ ื•ื•ื™ื ื˜ืฉืขืŸ ืื™ื—ื ืึทืœื“ืึธืก ื’ื•ื˜ืก ืื•ืŸ 
ื”ืฆืœื—ื”, ืขืจ ื–ืึธืœ ืžืฆืœื™ื— ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื“ืึธืจื˜ืขืŸ, ืื•ืŸ ืฉืจื™ื™ื‘ื˜ ืื™ื”ื, ืขืจ ื–ืึธืœ ื–ื™ืฃ 
ื ืึธืจ ื ื™ื˜ ื–ืึธืจื’ืขืŸ, ื’ืึธื˜ ืื™ื– ื ืคืึธื˜ืขืจ, ื“ืขืจ ืขื™ืงืจ, ืขืจ ื–ืึธืœ ื–ื™ืฃ 
ืึธืคึผื”ื™ื˜ืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื’ืขื–ื•ื ื˜ ื–ืึธืœ ืขืจ ื–ื™ืš ืึถืคึผื”ื™ื˜ืขืŸ, ืื•ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืึท ืื™ื“, ื•ื•ืึธ- 
ืจื•ื ื“ืึธืก ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืขื™ืงืจ, ืื•ึนืŸ ืฉืจื™ื™ื‘ื˜ ืื™ื—ื, ืื– ืื™ืš ืฉื™ืง ืื™ื”ื 
ื ืงืขืจื‘ืขืœ ืฉื™ืง ืื™ืš ืื™ื”ื (ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืงืจืึทืฆื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืื™ืŸ ืึทืœืข ืงืขืฉืข- 
ื ืขืก), ืื•ืŸ ืฉืจื™ื™ื‘ื˜ ืื™ื”ื, ืึทื– ืื™ืš ืฐืึธืœื˜ ื’ืขืฉื™ืงื˜ ืžืขื”ืจืขืจ, ื”ืึธื‘ ืื™ืš 
ื’ื™ื˜, ืžื—ืžืช ื“ื™ ืคึผืจื ืกื— ืื™ืŸ ืื™ืฆื˜ืขืจ ื–ืขื”ืจ ื’ืขืฉืœืึธื’ืขืŸ, ืขืก ืคึผืึทืจื“ื™ืขื ื˜ 
ื–ื™ ื ื™ื˜ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ื’ืขืœื˜ ืคืึทืจื“ื™ืขื ื˜ ื–ื™ืš ื ื™ื˜, ื ื™ืฉื˜ืึท ืงื™ื™ืŸ ื™ืึธื—ืจืฆื™ื™ื˜ืขืŸ, 
ืื•ืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื—ืชื•ื ื•ืช ืžื™ื˜ ื‘ืจื™ืช'ืขืŸ ืฉืžื•ืขืกื˜ ืžืขืŸ ื ื™ื˜, ืื™ืš ื’ืขื“ืขื ืก ืฉื•ื™ืŸ 
ื ื™ื ื“ื™ ืฆื™ื™ื˜, ื•ื•ืขืŸ ื˜'ื–ืึธ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ื™ ืื•ื ื– ื ื—ืชื•ื ื—, ืคื•ืŸ ื–ื™ื ื˜ ืจื‘ 
ื”ืขืจืฉ ื”ืึธื˜ ื—ืชื•ื ื” ื’ืขืžืึทื›ื˜ ื“ื™ ืœืขืฆื˜ืข ื˜ืึธื›ื˜ืขืจ ืื™ื– ื ื™ื˜ ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ื‘ื™ื– 
ืึทื”ืขืจ ืื™ื™ืŸ ื—ืชื•ื ื”. ื“ืึธืก ื—ื™ื™ืกื˜, ืก ืื™ื– ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ื ืคึผืึทืจ ื—ืชื•ื ื•ืช, 
ื ืึธืจ ืึทืœืฅ ื”ื™ื™ืกื˜ ื—ืชื•ื ื•ึนืช. ืื•ื™ืš ืžื™ืจ ื—ืชื•ื ื•ืช |... 


-- ืฉืฉื‚ืฉ... ื”ืึทืคึผื˜ ื ื™ื˜ ืึทืฑื™! -- ื–ืึธื’ื˜ ืฆื• ืื™ื”ื ื“ืขืจ 
ืžืœืžืš, -- ืื™ื—ืจ ืคึผืึธื”ืจื˜, ื•ื™ ืžื™ื˜ ืคึผืึธื˜ืฉื˜ืึธื•ื•ืข ืคืขืจื“, ืื™ืš ืงืึธืŸ ืื™ื™ืš 
ื ื™ื ื“ืขืจื™ืึธื’ืขืŸ. ื ื•, ื•ื•ื™ื™ื˜ืขืจ ืคึฐ 

--- ืื•ืŸ ื•ื•ื™ื™ื˜ืขืจ ืฉืจื™ื™ื’ื˜ ืื™ื—ื, ืึทื– ืžืขื—ืจ ืื™ื– ื ื™ื˜ืึธ ืฐืึธืก ืฆื• 
ืฉืจื™ื™ื‘ืขืŸ, ืื•ืŸ ืฉืจื™ื™ื‘ื˜ ืื™ื”ื, ืึทื– ืื™ืš ืœืึธื– ืื™ื”ื ื’ืจื™ืกืขืŸ ื’ืึธืจ ืคืจื™ื™ื ื“ื™ 
ืœื™ืš, ืื•ืŸ ืกื™ืžืข, ื“ื™ ืžืึทืžืข ื—ื™ื™ืกื˜ ื“ืึธืก, ืœืึธื–ื˜ ืื™ื”ื ื’ืจื™ืกืขืŸ ื ืึธืฃ 


ืฉืœื•ืื™ืขืœื™ื›ื ื‘, /31ื 2 


18 | ืฉืœื•ื-ืขืœื•ื›ื 


ืคืจื™ื™ื ื“ืœื™ืš, ืื•ืŸ ืึทืœืข ืฉื•ื•ืขืกื˜ืขืจ ืœืึธื–ืขืŸ ืื™ื—ื ื’ืจื™ืกืขืŸ, ืคึผืขืกื™ืœ ืื•ืŸ 
ืกืึธืกื™ ืื•ืŸ ื‘ืจื›ื—'ืฆื™, ื’ืึธืจ ืคืจื™ื™ื ื“ืœื™ืš, ืื•ืŸ ืฉืจื™ื™ื‘ื˜ ืื™ื”ื, ืขืจ ื–ืึธืœ ืึถืคึทึผ- 
ื”ื™ื˜ืขืŸ ืื™ื“ื™ืฉืงื™ื™ื˜ ืื•ืŸ ื–ืึธืœ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื ืื™ื“, ื“ืึธืก ืื™ื– ื“ืขืจ ืขื™ืงืจ, ืื•ืŸ 
ื•ื•ื™ื™ื˜ืขืจ.., ืึทื– ืื™ื—ืจ ื•ื•ืขื˜ ืึธืคึผืฉืจืฒื™ื‘ืขืŸ, ืฐื•ืขืœ ืื™ืš ื–ื™ืš ืึดืคึผ'ื—ืชืž'ื ืขืŸ... 

ืึทื– ื“ืขืจ ืžืœืžื“ ื”ืึธื˜ ื“ืึธืก ืืœื›ื“ื™ื ื’ ืึธื ื’ืขืฉืจื™ื‘ืขืŸ, ื”ืึธื˜ ื™ืฉืจืืœ 
ื“ืขืจ ืฉืžืฉ ืคืขืจืงืึทื˜ืฉืขื˜ ื“ื™ ืึทืจื‘ืขืœ, ื’ืขื ื•ืžืขืŸ ื“ื™ ืคึผืขืŸ ืคึผืึทืฐืึธืœื™ื ืงืข 
ืžื™ื˜ ืฆื•ื•ื™ื™ ืคื™ื ื’ืขืจ ืื•ืŸ ื”ืึธื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืึธื ื ืขื‘ืจื™ื™ื˜ ืฆื• ื˜ื”ื•ืŸ ืึตื™ื™ืŸ ,,ืื™ื™ื“ืขืœืข 
ืžืœืื›ื”", ืื ื™ื“ืขืจื’ืขืœืขื ื˜ ืื•ื™ืค'ืŸ ืคึผืึทืคึผื™ืขืจ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืื™ื™ื ืขื ืขื ื ืึธืžืขืŸ 
ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ืื•ืŸ ื“ืขื ื ืึธืžืขืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื˜ืึทื˜ืขืŸ ื ืคืชืœื™, ืขืœื™ื• ื—ืฉืœื•ื, ืื•ืŸ 
ื“ื™ ืคืึทืžื™ืœื™ืข ืจื™ื˜ืขืœืžืืŸ, ื’ืขื“ืจืขื”ื˜ ื‘ืฉืขืช ืžืขืฉื— ืžื™ื˜ ื“ืขืจ ืฆื•ื ื’ 
ืื™ืŸ ืึทืœืข ื–ื™ื™ื˜ืขืŸ, ืขืก ื•ื•ืขื ื“ื˜ ื–ื™ืš ื‘ื™ื™ ืฐืึธืกืขืจ ืึตื™ื™ืŸ ืื•ืช ; ืœืžืฉืœ: 
8 ,ืœืžื“" ื’ืขื”ื˜ ืจืขื›ื˜ืก -- ื’ืขื—ื˜ ื“ื™ ืฆื•ื ื’ ืจืขื›ื˜ืก, ื ,ื ื•ืŸ" ื’ืขื”ื˜ 
ืœื™ื ืกืก --- ื ืขื”ื˜ ื“ื™ ืฆื•ื ื’ ืœื™ื ืงืก. ืคืึทืจื—ืืŸ ืžืขื ืฉืขืŸ, ืฐื•ืึธืก ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ 
ืื•ื ื˜ื‘ืข ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื ืึธืจ ื‘ืฉืขืช ื–ื™ื™ ืึทืœื™ื™ืŸ --- ืืคื™ืœื• ื‘ืฉืขืช ื™ืขื ืขืจ ื˜ื—ื•ื˜ 
ืขืคึผื™ืก ืึตื™ื™ืŸ ืึทืจื‘ืฒื˜ ืื•ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ ืฉื˜ืขื”ืขืŸ ื ื™ื™ ื“ืขืจ ื–ื™ื™ื˜ ืื•ืŸ ืงื•ืงืขืŸ, ื“ืจืขื”ืขืŸ 
ื–ื™ื™ ืžื™ื˜ ื“ืขืจ ืฆื•ื ื’... 

ืกืข ืคืขืจืฉื˜ืขื—ื˜ ื–ื™ืš, ืึทื– ืื™ืŸ ืฉื˜ืขื“ื˜ืขืœ? ืื™ื– ืžืขืŸ ื ื™ืš ื’ืขืฐืึธื”ืจ 
ื’ืขืฐืึธืจืขืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขื ืกื•ื“, ืึทื– ื™ืฉืจื? ื“ืขื ืฉืžืฉ'ืก ื–ื•ื”ื ื“ืขืœ ืฉื˜ื•ื“ื™ืขืจื˜ 
ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ื’ื™ืžื ืื–ื™ืขืก , ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ืึธืงื˜ืึธืจ", ืื•ืŸ ืขืก ื”ืึธื˜ ืื™ื”ื ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื’ืข- 
ืฉืึทื“ื˜, ื—ืœื™ืœื—, ืฆื• ื“ืขืจ ืคึผืจื ืกื” ื ืึธืจ ื ื™ืฉื˜; ืžืข ื”ืึธื˜ ืื™ื”ื ื ืึธืš 
ื“ืขืงื•ื˜ืฉืขื˜ ืžื™ื˜ ื•ื•ืขืจื˜ืขืจ : 

--- ื•ื•ืขื˜ ืื™ื—ืจ ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ, ื—ื™ื™ืกื˜ ื“ืึธืก, ืึท ื–ื•ื”ืŸ ืึท , ื™ืึธืงื˜ืึธืจ? ืึถื—ืŸ 
ื ื—ื™ื˜ืข?? ืื•ืŸ ืืคืฉืจ ื ืึธืš ืžื™ื˜ ืึท ืงื ืขืคึผืข?ืœ? ืฐืึธืก ืคืืจ ืึท ืคึผื ื™ื 
ื•ื•ืขื˜ ืื™ื”ืจ ื“ืขืžืึธืœื˜ ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ, ืจื‘ ื™ืฉืจื??4 ื–ื™ ื ื—ื•ื”ืŸ ื–ื™ืฆื˜-ืื•ื™ืก 
ืกืงืึทื˜ืฉืงืขืœืขืš ; ื“ื™ ืงืึทื˜ืฉืงืขืœืขืš ืœืึธื–ืขืŸ ื–ื™ืš ืฉื•ื•ื™ืžืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืค'ืŸ ืฐืึทืกืขืจ, 
ืื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื—ื•ื”ืŸ ืฉื˜ืขื—ื˜ ืื•ืŸ ืงืฐืึธืงืขื˜... 

ื™ืฉืจื? ืจืขืจ ืฉืžืฉ ื”ืึธื˜ ื“ืึธืก ืึทืœืกื“ื™ื ื’ ืื™ื‘ืขืจื’ืขื˜ืจืึธื ืขืŸ ืฉื˜ื™- 
ืœืขืจื—ื™ื™ื“ ืื•ืŸ ื’ืขื˜ืจืึทื›ื˜ ื‘ื™ื™ ื–ื™ืš ืื™ืŸ ื”ืึทืจืฆืขืŸ: ,ืœืื›ื˜, ืœืึทื‘ื›ื˜ ืคื•ืŸ 
ืžื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ื ื™ืžื˜ืฉื™ืงืขืŸ { ื“ืึธืก ืื™ื– ื‘ื™ื™ ืžื™ืจ 8 , ื•ื•ื™ื’ืจื™ืฉื ืข ื‘ื™ืœืขื˜?| .= 


ืึท ,ื•ื•ื™ื’ืจื™ืฉื ืข ื‘ื™ืœื•ืขื˜" 19 


=! 


ืื™ื™ื ืžืึธืœ --- ืก'ืื™ื– ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ืขืจื‘ ืคึผืกื—, ืกื™ืžืข ื“ื™ ืฉืžืฉ'ื˜ืข ืื•ืŸ 
ืึทืœืข ื“ืจื™ื™ ื˜ืขื›ื˜ืขืจ, ืคึผืขืกื™? ืื•ืŸ ืกืึธืกื™? ืื•ืŸ ื‘ืจื›ื—'ืฆื™, ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ ื’ืข- 
ื“ืึธืžื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื™ื•ื-ื˜ื•ื‘ -- ืขืคืขื ื˜ ื–ื™ืš ื“ื™ ื˜ื—ื™ืจ ืื•ืŸ ืขืก ืงื•ืžื˜-ืืจื™ื™ืŸ 
ืขืคึผื™ืก ืึท ื™ื•ื ื’ืขืจืžืึทื ื˜ืฉื™ืง ืžื™ื˜ ื•ื•ื™ื™ืกืข ืงื ืขืคึผ, ืžื™ื˜ ืึท ืžืึธื“ื ืข ื”ื™ื˜ืขืœ 
ืื•ื™ื'ืŸ ืงืึธืคึผ, ืื•ืŸ ืคืึทืœื˜ ืกื™ืžืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืค'ืŸ ื”ืึทืœื–, ืื•ืŸ ื ืึธื›ื“ืขื ืคึผืขืกืœืขืŸ 
ืื•ืŸ ืกืึธืกืœืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ ื‘ืจื›ื”'ืฆื™ืŸ, ืื•ืŸ ืขืก ื•ื•ืขืจื“ ื ืงื•ืฉืขืจื™ื™. 

ื“ืึธืก ืื™ื– ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ื‘ื ื™ืžื™ืŸ, 

ืกื™ืžืข ื”ืึธื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืื•ืฉ ืฆืขื•ื•ื™ื™ื ื˜ ืคึฟืึทืจ ืคืจื™ื™ืจ, 

--- ื–ื•ื”ื ืขื ื™ื• ! ืงื“ื™ืฉ ืžื™ื™ื ืขืจ! 

ืื™ื– ืึธื ื’ืขืงื•ืžืขืŸ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื ืคืขืจืกืึทืคึผืขื˜ืขืจ, ื˜ ื“ืขืจืฉืจืึธืงืขื ืขืจ, 
ืื•ืŸ ื”ืึธื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืฆืขืฉืจื™ื’ืขืŸ ืื•ื™ื'ืŸ ื•ื•ื™ื™ื‘. 

--- ืฉื˜, ืฉื˜ ! ื–ืขื” ื ืึธืจ, ื–ื™ ื”ืึธื˜ ื–ื™ืš 8 ื‘ื™ืกืข? ืฆืขื™ืื›ืžืขืจื˜, 
ื•ืึทืžืขืจ ื•ื•ื™ื™ืกื˜ ื“ื• ืฐืึธืก ืื™ืŸ ื“ืึธืก ื’ืขื•ื•ื™ื™ืŸ ืฐืึธื˜ ? 

ืื•ืŸ ืึทืœื™ื™ืŸ, ืึทื– ืขืจ ื”ืึธื˜ ื‘ืขื˜ืจืึทื‘ื˜ ื‘ื ื™ืžื™ื 'ืขืŸ, ืฐื•ื™ ืขืจ ืื™ืŸ ืื•ื™ืก- 
ื’ืขืฐืื›ื˜ืขืŸ, ื”ืึธื˜ ืขืจ ื–ื™ืšืฃ ืื•ื™ืš ืกื•ื™ื ืื™ื™ื ื’ืขื”ืืœื˜ืขืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื’ืขื•ื•ื™ื™ืŸ. 
ื’ืึธืš 8 ืžืึทื ืกื‘ื™ืœ ืื™ืŸ ื ื™ื ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืื™ื“ื™ื ืข. ื ืื™ื“ื™ื ืข ืึทื– ื–ื™ ื•ื•ื™ื™ื ื˜, 
ืžื•ื– ื–ื™ ื‘ืึทืœื“ ืึธื ื”ื•ื™ื‘ืขืŸ ืฉื ื™ื™ืฆืขืŸ ื“ื™ ื ืึธืŸ} ืื•ืŸ ื ืžืึทื ืกื›ื™? ืื– ืขืจ 
ื•ื•ื™ืœ ืืคื™ืœืŸ ื•ื•ื™ื™ื ืขืŸ, ืงืึธืŸ ืขืจ ืžืึทื›ืขืŸ ืื–ื•ื™, ืึทืŸ ืžืข ื–ืึธืœ ืžื™ื™ื ืขืŸ, ืึทื– 
ืขืจ ืœืื›ื˜. 

--- ื•ื•ืขืŸ ื‘ื™ื•ื˜ ื“ื• ื’ืขืงื•ืžืขืŸ ื•ืขืŸ ? ืึตื ื•, ื“ืจืขื” ื–ื™ืš ื ืึถืจ ืื•ื™ืก 
ืฆื• ืžื™ืจ ืžื™ื˜ืฅ ื”ื™ื ื˜ืขืŸ 1 --- ืžืึทื›ื˜ ืขืจ ืฆื•ื ื–ื•ึนื”ืŸ. --- ืฐืึธืก ืื™ื– ื“ืึธืก 
ืคืืจ ืึท ืคื™ืŸ ื”ืœื‘ืฉื— ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื™ืจ ? ื˜ื”ื• ื–ื™ืš ืื•ื™ืก, ืžืึทืจ ืฐืึธืก ื˜ื”ื•ืกื˜ 
ื“ื•ึน ื“ื™ืš ื ึดื™ื ืื•ื™ื ? 

ืื•ืŸ ืึทื– ื‘ื ื™ืžื™ืŸ ื”ืึธื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืื•ื™ืกื’ืขื˜ื”ืึธืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื’ืขื‘ืœื™ื‘ืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ 
ื ื‘ืœื•ื™ืขืŸ ืžื•ื ื“ื™ืจ ืžื™ื˜ ื ืกืš ื–ื™ืœื‘ืขืจื ืข ืงื’ืขืžืœืขืš, ืื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื‘ืขืงืœืขืš 
ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ืจื•ื™ื˜, ืื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื‘ืœื•ื™ืข ืื•ื™ื’ืขืŸ ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ ื’ืขื’ืœืึทื ืฆื˜, --- 
ื”ืึธื˜ ืขืจ ื˜ืึทืงื™ ื’ืขื”ืึธื˜ ื“ืขื ื–ื™ืขื‘ืขื˜ืขืŸ ื—ืŸ ื ื™ื˜ ื ืึธืจ ื‘ื™ื™ ื–ื™ื™ --- ื‘ื™ื™ 


90 0 ืฉืœื•ื-ืขืœื•ื‘ 


ืื™ื˜ืœื™ื›ืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืื•ื™ื ืขืŸ ืขืจ ืขืก ื”ืึธื˜ ืื™ื”ื ื ืขื–ืขื”ืขืŸ, ื”ืึธื˜ 
ื–ื™ืš ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื’ืขืงืึทื ื˜ ื–ืึธื˜ ืึธื ืงื•ืงืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืื™ื”ื. ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืขื™ื“ื”ืจืข, ืื•ื™ืก" 
ื’ืขืฐืึทื›ืกืขืŸ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื“ืขื ืฉืžืฉ'ืก ื–ื•ื”ื ื“ืขืœ, ื’ืขืฐืึธืจืขืŸ ืึท ืคึผืึทืจืฉืฑืŸ !".. 
ืคื™ื™ื’ื”-ืœืื” ื“ืขืจ ืฉื›ื ื”'ืก ื˜ืขื›ื˜ืขืจืข? ืžื™ื ืฆื™, ื ืžื™ื™ื“ืขืœ ืคื•ืŸ ืึท ื™ืึธื”ืจ 
ื ื™ื™ืขื ืฆืขื”ืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ืฉื•ื•ืึทืจืฆืข ืื•ื™ื ืขืœืขืš ืื•ืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ืึท ื’ืขื“ื™ื›ื˜ืขืŸ ืฉืฐืึทืจ- 
ืฆืขืŸ ืฆืึธืคึผ, ืคืขืจืคืœืึทื›ื˜ืขืŸ ืื•ื ื˜ืขืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ื ืจื•ื˜ ืกื˜ื™ื™ื ื ืขืœืข, ืฐืึธืก 
ืคึผืึทืกื˜ ืื™ื”ืจ ื–ืขื”ืจ ืฆื•ื ืคึผื ื™ื, ืื™ื– ืึทืจื™ื™ื ื’ืขืงื•ืžืขืŸ ืฆื• ืกื™ืžืขืŸ ื›ืœื•ืžืจืฉื˜ 
ืึท ืคืจืขื’ ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ, ืืคืฉืจ ื’ืขืคื™ื ื˜ ื–ื™ืš ื‘ื™ื™ ืื™ื”ืจ ืึตื™ื™ืŸ ืื™ื‘ืขืจื™ื’ ื˜ืขืคึผืขืœ, 
ืฐืึธืก ื–ื™ ื“ืึทืจืฃ ืขืก ื ื™ืฉื˜ ? --- ื—ืึธื˜ืฉ ื–ื™ ื•ื•ื™ื™ืกื˜ ื’ืึทื ืฅ ื’ื•ื˜, ืึทื– ืกื™ืžืข 
ื”ืึธื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืื™ื”ืจ ืœืขื‘ืขืŸ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื’ืขืคึผืจื•ื‘ื˜ ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืื™ื‘ืขืจื™ื ืข 
ื˜ืขืคึผืœืขืš. ื“ืึธืก ืื™ื– ื ืึธืจ ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ืึทื™ื™ืŸ ืืฑื™ืกืจืขื“ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืึธื ืฆื•ืงื•ืงืขืŸ 
ื‘ื ื™ืžื™ื 'ืขืŸ, ืึท ื’ืœืื ืฅ ื˜ื”ื•ืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ ืฉืฐื•ืึทืจืฆืข ืื•ื™ื ืขืœืขืš ืื•ืŸ ืึท ืฐืึธืจืฃ 
ื˜ื”ื•ืŸ ื”ื™ืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืฆื•ืจื™ืง ืžื™ื˜'ืŸ ื ืขื“ื™ื›ื˜ืขืŸ ืฉื•ื•ืืจืฆืขืŸ ืฆืึธืคึผ ืื•ืŸ ืžื™ื˜'ืŸ 
ืจื•ื™ื˜ืขืŸ ืกื˜ื™ื™ื ื ืขืœืข, ื–ื™ืš ืื•ื™ืกื“ืจืขื”ืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืึทื ื˜ืœืฑื™ืคืขืŸ, ืื•ืŸ ืฉืคึผืขื˜ืขืจ 
ืึทื‘ื™ืกืข?ืœ ื ืึธืš ืึท ืžืึธืœ ืึทืจื™ื™ื ืœื•ื™ืคืขืŸ, ืžื™ื˜ ืึท ื ื™ื™ืขื ืื•ื™ืกืจืขื“ ืื•ืŸ 
ืขื“ืขืจ ื ืžืึธืœ ื“ืึธืก ืื™ื™ื’ืขื ืข, ืึทื–ืฑ, ืึทื– ื‘ื ื™ืžื™ื 'ืก ื“ืจื™ื™ ืฉื•ื•ืขืกื˜ืขืจ, 
ืžืขืกื™? ืื•ืŸ ืกืึธืกื™ืœ ืื•ืŸ ื‘ืจื›ื”'ืฆื™, ืึทืœืข ื“ืขืจืฐืึทื›ืกืขื ืข ืฉื•ื™ืŸ, ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ 
ืึท ืงื•ืง ื ืขื˜ื”ืึธืŸ ืื™ื™ื ืก ืื•ื™ืค'ืก ืึทื ื“ืขืจืข, ืฐื™ ืื™ื™ื ืขืจ ืจืขื“ื˜ : ,ื˜ืึธืžืขืจ 
ืฐื•ื™ื™ืกื˜ ื“ื• ืฐืึธืก ืื™ื– ื“ืึธืก ื“ืจืขื”ืขืŸ, ืฐืึธืก ื–ื™ ื“ืจืขื”ื˜ ื–ื™ืš 4".,.. ืื•ืŸ 
ื‘ื ื™ืžื™ืŸ ื”ืึธื˜ ื“ืขืจื•ื•ื™ื™ืœืข ืึทื•ื•ืขืงื’ืขืจื•ืคืขืŸ ื“ื™ ืžืึทืžืข ืื•ื™ืฃ ืึท ื–ื™ื™ื˜ ืื•ืŸ 
ื”ืึธื˜ ืื™ื”ืจ ืขืคึผื™ืก ื’ืขื ืขื‘ืขืŸ ืึท ืžื˜ื‘ืข, ืึทืจืฒื™ื ื’ืขืจื•ืงื˜ ืื™ืŸ ื”ืึทื ื“ ืึทืจืฒืŸ, 
ื–ื™ ื–ืึธืœ ืžืึทื›ืขืŸ ,ื ืฉืขื ืขื ืคึผืกื”". ืกื™ืžืข ื”ืึธื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืื™ื”ืจ ืœืขื‘ืขืŸ 
ืึทื–ื•ื™ ืคื™ืข? ื’ืขืœื“ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื ืขื”ืืœื˜ืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื”ืึทื ื“ ! ืื•ืŸ ืคืึทืจ ื“ื™ ืฉื•ื•ืขืก- 
ื˜ืขืจ ื”ืึธื˜ ืขืจ ื’ืขื‘ืจืึทื›ื˜ ืฆื• ืคื™ื”ืจืขืŸ ืžืชื ื•ืช ืื•ืŸ ืžืชื ื•ืช : ืกื˜ื™ื™ื ื ืขืก, 
ืžื™ื˜ ืงืขืžืขืœืขืš, ืžื™ื˜ ืฉืคึผื™ืขื ืขืœืขืš, ืžื™ื˜ ืฉืžืึธื›ื˜ืขืœื™ืึทืงืขืก ืึถื”ืŸ ืึท 
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ! ืื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืžืึทืžืขืŸ ืึท ื–ื™ื™ื“ืขื ืข ืคืขื˜ืฉื™ื™ืœืข, ืึท ื’ืขืœืข ืžื™ื˜ ืจื•ื™ื˜ืข 
ืื•ืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ื‘ืœื•ื™ืข ืงื•ื•ื™ื™ื˜ืขืŸ. ืกื™ืžืข ื“ื™ ืฉืžืฉ'ื˜ืข ื”ืึธื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืึทื–ืฉ ืฆืข- 
ื•ื•ื™ื™ื ื˜ ืคืึทืจ ืคืจื™ื™ื“, 

--- ืฐืึธืก ืื™ื– ื“ืึธืก } ื•ื™ ืงื•ืžื˜ ืฆื• ื“ื™ืจ ื ืขืœื˜? -- ืคืจืขื ื˜ 
ืื™ื”ื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืžื™ื˜ ืึท ื’ืขืœืขื›ื˜ืขืจ. 


ืึท ,ื•ื•ื™ื’ืจื•ืฉื ืข ื‘ื™ืœื™ืขื˜" 21 


-- ืฐืึธืก ื”ื™ื™ืกื˜, ืฐื™ ืงื•ืžื˜ ืฆื• ืžื™ืจ ื ืขืœื˜? -- ืขื ื˜ืคืขืจื˜ 
ืื™ื”ื ื‘ื ื™ืžื™ืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ื ื“ืœื•ืช. --- ืื™ืš ืคืืจื“ื™ืขืŸ ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ื™ื ื˜, ื‘ืจื•ืš ื”ืฉื, 
ืึทื›ื˜ ืงืืจื‘ืขืŸ ื ื—ื•ื“ืฉ. ืื™ืš ื’ืขื‘ , ืฉื˜ื•ื ื“ืขืŸ?,. ืื™ืš ืœืขื”ืจืขืŸ, ื—ื™ื™ืกื˜ 
ื“ืึธืก, ืžื™ื˜ ืงื™ื ื“ืขืจ, ืฆืึธื”ืœื˜ ืžืขืŸ ืžื™ืš, ืื™ืš ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื’ื™ืžื ืึทื–ื™ืข 
ืื™ืŸ ืคื™ื ืคื˜ืขืŸ ืงืœืึธืก. ืึทื›ื˜ ืงืœืึทืกืขืŸ ืื™ื– ืคืึทืจื”ืืŸ. ื ืึธืš ื“ืจื™ื™ ืงืœืึท- 
ืงืขืŸ, ื“ืจื™ื™ ื™ืึถื”ืจ ื”ื™ื™ืกื˜ ื“ืึธืก, ืขื ื“ื™ื  ืื™ืš ื“ื™ ื ื™ืžื ืึทื–ื™ืข ืื•ืŸ ื˜ืจืขื˜" 
ืึทื“ืจื™ื™ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืื•ื ื™ื•ื•ืขืจื–ื™ื˜ืขื˜, ืฉื˜ื•ื“ื™ืขืจืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ืึธืงื˜ืึธืš... 

ื‘ื ื™ืžื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจืฆืขื”ืœื˜ ืื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจืฆืขื”ืœื˜, ืื•ืŸ ืืœืข ืฉื˜ืขื”ืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ 
ืœืึธื–ืขืŸ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืึทืจืึธืคึผ ืคื•ืŸ ืื™ื”ื ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืื•ื™ื , ืื•ืŸ ื˜ืจืึทื›ื˜ืขืŸ ื–ื™ืš: (ืึธื˜ 
ื“ืึธืก ื–ืึธืœ ื˜ืึทืงื™ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ื ื™ืžื™ืŸ ? ื™ืขื ืขืจ ื‘ืึธืจื•ื•ื™ืกืขืจ ื‘ื ื™ืžื˜ืฉื™ืก, ืฐืึธืก 
ื”ืึธื˜ ื–ื™ืš ื’ืขืฐืืœื ืขืจื˜ ืื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ืช-ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ 3... ืึทื›ื˜ ืงืืจื‘ืขืŸ ืึท ื—ื•ื“ืฉ.. 
ืึทื›ื˜ ืงืœืึทืกืขืŸ... ืึท ื–ื™ื™ื“ืขื ืข ืคืึทื˜ืฉื™ื™ืœืข..,. ืื•ื ื™ื•ื•ืขืจื–ื™ื˜ืขื˜.. ื“ืึธืง- 
ื˜ืึธืš .. 

ื’ืึธื˜ ื•ื•ื™ื™ืกื˜, ืื•ื™ื‘ ืขืก ื—ืึธื˜ ื ืึธืš ืขืžื™ืฆืขืจ ื’ืขื”ืื˜ ืึทื–ืึท ืคื•ื™ื•- 
ืœื™ื›ืขืŸ ืคึผืกื—, ืึทื–ืึท ื’ืขื”ื•ื™ื‘ืขื ืขื ืกื“ืจ, ื•ื™ ืขืก ื”ืึธื˜ ื ืขื”ืื˜ ื™ืฉืจืืœ 
ื“ืขืจ ืฉืžืฉ. ืžื™ืœื, ืคื•ืŸ ื•ื•ื™ื™ืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืึทืจื‘ืข-ื›ื•ืกื•ืช ืื•ืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ืคึผืกื—"ื™ื’ืขืŸ 
ื‘ืจืึทื ืคืขืŸ, ืคื•ืŸ ืคื™ืฉ ืื•ืŸ ืงื ื™ื™ื“ืœืขืš ืื•ืŸ ืคืึทืœื™ืจื˜ืฉื™ืงืขืก, ืฉืžื•ืขืกื˜ ืžืขืŸ 
ื ื™ื˜; ืื™ืš ืจืขื“ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ื”ื’ื“ื”, ืฐืึธืก ื™ืฉืจืืœ? ืื•ืŸ ื‘ื ื™ืžื™ืŸ ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ 
ื’ืขื–ื•ื ื’ืขืŸ ื‘ื™ื™ื“ืข ืื™ื™ื ืก ืื™ื‘ืขืจ ื“ืึธืก ืึทื ื“ืขืจืข -- ืก'ืื™ื– ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ื 
ืžื—ื™ื” ืฆื• ื”ืขืจืขืŸ ! ืึทื– ืก'ืื™ื– ื’ืขืงื•ืžืขืŸ ืฆื• ,ืจื‘ื™ ืืœื™ืขื–ืจ ืื•ืžืจ ืžื ื™ืŸ 
ืฉื›ืœ ืžื›ื” ื•ืžื›ื”...7, ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ ื–ื™ืš ื‘ื™ื™ื“ืข ืฆืขืฉืึธืงืขืœื˜ ืื•ืŸ ื’ืขื ื•ืžืขืŸ 
ืึท ื”ื•ื™ื›ืขืŸ ื˜ืึธืŸ, ื”ืึธื˜ ืกื™ืžืข, ืฐืึธืก ืื™ืŸ ื’ืขื–ืขืกืขืŸ ื“ื™ ื’ืื ืฆืข ืฆื™ื™ื˜ 
ืื•ืŸ ื’ืขืงื•ืงื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืื™ื—ืจ ื˜ืจื™ื™ืกื˜, ืื•ื™ืฃ ื‘ื ื™ืžื™ื 'ืขืŸ, ืžื™ื˜ 8 ืžืึธืœ ืึธื - 
ื’ืขื”ื•ื™ื‘ืขืŸ ืžืึทื›ืขืŸ ืคึผื™ืกืงืขืก ืื•ื™ืฃ ืฆื• ื•ื•ื™ื™ื ืขืŸ, ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ ื–ื™ืš ืึทืœืข ื“ืจื™ื™ 
ืฉื•ื•ืขืกื˜ืขืจ, ืคึผืขืกื™ืœ ืื•ืŸ ืกืึธืกื™?ืœ ืื•ืŸ ื‘ืจื›ื—'ืฆื™, ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื’ืขืงืึธื ื˜ ืึทื™ื - 
ื—ืึทืœื˜ืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ ื–ื™ืš ืฆืขืœืึทื›ื˜, ืื•ืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื–ื™ื™ ืงื•ืงืขื ื“ื™ื’ ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ 
ืึทืœืข ืึธื ื’ืขื”ืฑื‘ืขืŸ ืœืึทื›ืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืกื™ืžืข ืื•ื™ืš --- ืก'ืื™ื– ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ืึท 
ืคึผืกื— ื‘ื™ื™ ื–ื™ื™, ืฐืึธืก ื–ืึธืœื˜ ืื™ื”ืจ ืงืœืขืจืขืŸ ! 

ื™ื•ื-ื˜ื•ื‘ ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืคืจื™ื”, ืึทืŸ ื‘ื ื™ืžืŸ ืื™ื–ืŸ ื’ืขืงื•ืžืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืฉื•ื”?ึฟ 
ืึทืจื™ื™ืŸ, ื—ื”ืึธื˜ ืžืขืŸ ื‘ืขื˜ืจืึทื›ื˜ ื“ืึธืก ,ืกื˜ืขืจืขื ื˜ืขืœ? ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ ื–ื™ืœื‘ืขืจื ืข 


99 ืฉืœื•ื-ืขืœื•ื‘ื 
ืงื ืขืคึผ, ื•ื™ ืึท ื•ื•ื™ืœื“ืข ื—ื™ื”. ื™ื•ื ื ืœืขืš, ืงื•ื ื“ื™ื™ืกื™ื, ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ ืื™ื”ื ืืจื•ื˜- 
ื’ืขืจื™ื ื’ืขืœื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ืึทืœึถืข ื–ื™ื™ื˜ืขืŸ, ื’ืขื˜ื™ื™ื˜ ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ ืคื™ื ื ืขืจ ืื•ึนืŸ ื’ืขืœื˜ื›ื˜ 
ืื™ืŸ ืคึผื ื™ื ืึทืจื™ื™ืŸ,. ื ืึธืจ ื‘ื ื™ืžื™ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื’ืขืฉื˜ืึทื ืขืŸ ื“ื™ ื ืึทื ืฆืข ืฆื™ื™ื˜ 
ืžื™ื˜'ืŸ ืกื“ื•ืจ'ืข? ืื•ืŸ ื”ืึธื˜ ื’ืขื“ืึทืฐืขื ื˜, ืื•ืŸ ืึทืŸ ืก'ืื™ื– ื’ืขืงื•ืžืขืŸ, ืื– 
ืžืข ื”ืึธื˜ ืื™ื”ื ืื•ื™ืคื ืขืจื•ืคืขืŸ ืฆื• ื“ืขืจ ืชื•ืจื— (ืจื‘ ืžืึธื ื™ืฉ ื“ืขืจ ื ื‘ืื™ 
ื”ืึธื˜ ืฆื•ืœื™ืขื‘ ื’ืขื˜ื”ืึธืŸ ื™ืฉืจื?ืœ ื“ืขื ืฉืžืฉ ืื•ืŸ ื”ืึธื˜ ื’ืขืฉืขื ืงื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ 
ื–ื•ื”ืŸ ืื™ื™ืŸ ืขืœื™ื”), ืื•ืŸ ื‘ื ื™ืžื™ืŸ ื”ืึธื˜ ื’ืขืžืึทื›ื˜ ื“ื™ ื‘ืจื›ื” ื”ื•ื™ืš ืื•ื™ืฃ 
ื ืงื•ืœ ืžื™ื˜'ืŸ ื™ื•ื-ื˜ื•ื‘'ื“ื™ื ืขืŸ ื ื™ื ื•ืŸ, ืื™ื– ืื™ืŸ ืฉื•ื”? ื’ืขืฐืึธืจืขืŸ ื ื”ื•" 
ื”ืึท: ,ืฐืึธืก ื–ืึธื’ื˜ ืื™ื”ืจ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืื•ื ื–ืขืจ ื™ืฉืจืืœ'ืก ื–ื•ื”ื ื“ืขืœ !" 


ืคืึทืจ'ืŸ ืึทืจื•ื™ืกื ืขื”ืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ืฉื•ื”ื‘ ื”ืึธื˜ ื“ืขืจ ื ื ื™ื“ ืคื•ืŸ ืฉื˜ืขืจื˜ืขืœ, 
ืจื‘ ื”ืขืจืฉ, ืึท ื–ืึธื’ ื ืขื˜ื”ืึธืŸ ืฆื•ื ืฉืžืฉ, ืขืจ ื–ืึธืœ ืื™ื”ื ืฆื•ืคื™ื”ืจืขืŸ 


ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื–ื•ื”ื ื“ืขืœ, . 
--- ื™ืฉืจืืœ! -- ื”ืึธื˜ ื’ืขื–ืขื ื˜ ืจื‘ ื”ืขืจืฉ ืฆื•ื ืฉืžืฉ ื‘ืจื™ื™ื˜ืงื™ืš, 


ืฐื™ ืึท ื ื’ื™ื“ ื‘ืขื“ืึทืจืฃ ืฆื• ื–ืึทื’ืขืŸ ื‘ืฉืขืช ืขืจ ืจืขื“ื˜ ืžื™ื˜ ื ืงืœืขื ืขืจืขืŸ 
ืคึฟื•ืŸ ื–ื™ืš, ื”ืืœื˜ ื–ื™ืš ื‘ืฉืขืช ืžืขืฉื” ื‘ื™ื™'ื ื–ื™ื™ื“ืขื ืขื ื’ืึทืจื˜ืขืœ, ืงื•ืงื˜ 
ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื ืœื™ื™ืš ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืื•ื™ื ืขืŸ ืึทืจืฒืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืจืขื“ื˜ ืžื™ื ื ืฆื•ื™ื™ืขื ื“ื™ื’ 
ื”ื•ืกื˜ืขืœ ืคื•ื 'ื ื”ืืœื– ืื•ืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ื ืึธื–. --- ื™ืฉืจื?! ืึทื ื•, ืงื•ื ื ืึธืšืฃ 
ืึทื”ืขืจ, ื”ื˜... ื—ืž... ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื–ื•ื”ื ื“ืขืœ; ืœึนืึดื ืื™ืš ืื™ื”ื.. ื”ืž.. 
ื”ื˜.., ืื•ื™ืš ืึธื ืงื•ืงืขืŸ !' 


ื“ืขืจื”ืขืจื˜, ืึทื– ืจื‘ ื”ืขืจืฉ ื™ืœ ืจืขื“ืขืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื“ืขื ืฉืžืฉ'ืก 
ืกื˜ืขื“ืขื ื˜ืข?", ื”ืึธื˜ ื–ื™ืš ื“ืขืจ ืขื•ืœื ืึท ืœืึธืŸ ื’ืขื˜ื—ืึธืŸ ื”ืึธืจื›ืขืŸ, ืฐืึธืก 
ื•ื•ืขื˜ ืžื™ื˜ ืื™ื”ื ืขืคึผื™ืก ืจืขื“ืขืŸ ื“ืขืจ ื ื ื™ื“ ืื•ืŸ ืฐืึธืก ืฐื•ืขื˜ ืขืจ ืื™ื”ื 
ืขื ื˜ืคืขืจืขืŸ. ื‘ื ื™ืžื™ืŸ ืื™ื– ืฆื•ื ืขื’ืึทื ื’ืขืŸ ืฆื• ืจื‘ ื”ืขืจืฉืขืŸ, ืฐื•ื™ ืฆื• ื–ื™ื™ื ืขื 
ื ื ืœื™ื™ื›ืขืŸ, ื’ืึธืจ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื’ืขืฉืขืžื˜ ื–ื™ืš, ืื™ื”ื ืึธืคึผื’ืขื’ืขื‘ืขืŸ ืฉืœื•ื, ื•ื™ 
ืื™ื™ืŸ ืึทืœื˜ืขืจ, ืื•ืŸ ืจื‘ ื”ืขืจืฉ ื”ืึธื˜ ืึท ืงื•ืง ื’ืขื˜ื”ืึธืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื‘ื ื™ืžื™ื 'ืขืŸ 
ืคื•ืŸ ืื•ื™ื‘ืขืŸ ืืจืึธืคึผ, ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื’ืขื•ื•ืื•ืกื˜, ืฐื™ ืึทื–ืฑ ื–ืึธืœ ืขืจ ืžื™ื˜ ืื™ื”ื 
ืจืขื“ืขืŸ: ื–ืึธืœ ืขืจ ืื™ื—ื”ื ื–ืึธื ืขืŸ ,ืื™ื”ืจ" --- ืื–ื ื•ืขื•ื•ืจื™ืง ? ืฆื•ืคื™ืข? 
ื›ื‘ื•ืจ ืคืืจ'ืŸ ืฉืžืฉ'ืก ื–ื•ื”ื ื“ืขืœ?! ื–ืึธื ืขืŸ ืื™ื—ื ,ื“ื•" --- ืื™ื– ืขืคึผื™ืก ืื•ื™ืฃ 
ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืื–ื•ื™, ืคืึธืจื˜ 3 , ืกื˜ืขื“ืขื ื˜ืขืœ" ืžื™ื˜ ืงื ืขืคึผ, ืึท ื ืึทื ืฅ ืคึผืจื™ืฆ'ืขืœ.. 


ืึท , ื•ื•ื’ืจื•ืฉื ืข ื‘ื™ืœื•ืขื˜" 28 


ืื™ื– ืจื‘ ื”ืขืจืฉ ื’ืขืคืึทืœืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืึตื™ื™ืŸ ืขืฆื— ืื•ืŸ ื”ืึธื˜ ืžื™ื˜ ืื™ื”ื ืึธื " 
ื’ืขื”ื•ื™ื‘ืขืŸ ืจืขื“ืขืŸ ื ืึธืจ ื‘ืœืฉื•ืŸ ื ืกืชืจ: ,ืฐืึธืก ืžืื›ื˜ ืžืขืŸ? ืฐืขืŸ 
ืงื•ืžื˜ ืžืขืŸ? ื•ืขืŸ ืคืึทื”ืจื˜ ืžืขืŸ ืฆื•ืจื™ืง 4" ื‘ื ื™ืžื™ืŸ ื”ืึธื˜ ืึทืจืฑืกื’ืข" 
ืฉื˜ืขืœื˜ ื“ืขื ืจืขื›ื˜ืขืŸ ืžื•ื ืื•ื™ืฃ ืฆื•ื“ืคืจื™ื”ืขืจ, ืื™ื™ืŸ ื”ืึทื ื“ ื”ืึธื ืขืจ 
ืฉืจื™ื™ื ื’ืขืœืขื ื˜ ืื™ืŸ ื‘ื•ื–ืขื ืื•ืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ื“ืขืจ ืึทื ื“ืขืจืขืจ ื”ืึธื˜ ืขืจ ื’ืขืฉื˜ืฉื™- 
ืžืขื˜ ื“ื™ ืื•ื™ื‘ืขืจืฉื˜ืข 5ื™8, ืึธืคึผื ืขืขื ื˜ืคืขืจื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืื™ื˜ืœื™ื›ืก ืฐืึธืจื˜ 
ื’ื™ื™ืฆื™ื’, ื ืึธืจ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืึธื ื’ืขื”ื•ื™ื‘ืขืŸ ืฆื• ืฉืขืžืขืŸ ื–ื™ืš ืืคื™ืœื• ! ืจื‘ ื”ืขืจืฉืขืŸ 
ืื™ืŸ ื“ืึธืก ื™ืึท ื’ืขืคืขืœืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื’ืขืคืขืœืขืŸ: {ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ื ืึทืจื™ืฉ 
ื‘ื—ื•ืจ'ืข?, ื ืึธืจ, ื“ืื›ื˜ ื–ื™ืš, ืึตื™ื™ืŸ ืขื–ื•ืช-ืคึผื ื™ื ื ื’ืจื•ื™ืกืขืจ"... ืึทื–ืฑ 
ื˜ืจืึทื›ื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืจื‘ ื”ืขืจืฉ ืื•ืŸ ืคึฟืึธื–ื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืืจื™ื™ืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ื‘ื’ื™ืžื™ื 'ืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืึท 
ื‘ืจื™ื™ื˜ืขืŸ ืฉืžื•ืขื ืึทืจื™ื™ืŸ ืžื›ื— ืงืœื˜ื˜ืขืŸ, ื•ื•ื™ืคื™ืข? ืื™ื– ืคืืจื”ืืŸ ืงืœืึทื“ 
ืกืขืŸ ? ืื•ืŸ ืฆื• ืฐืึธืก ื‘ืขื“ืืจืฃ ืžืขืŸ ื“ืึธืก ื“ื•ืงื ืึทื›ื˜ ืงืœืึทืกืขืŸ ? ืคืึทืจ 
ืฐืึธืก ื ื™ื˜ ืกื™ื™ืŸ ื ื™ื™ืขืŸ ืงืœืืกืขืŸ ? ืื•ืŸ ืฐืึธืก ืื™ื– ื“ืขืจ ื—ื™ืœื•ืง ืคื•ืŸ ืื™ื™ืŸ 
ืงืœื˜ื ื‘ื™ื–'ืŸ ืื ื“ืขืจืขืŸ ืงืœืึธืก 9,.. /,ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ืขืจ ื˜ืึทื‘ืœื™ืฆืข ืึทื–ืึท ืฉืขื ืขืจ 
ืื™ื“ --- ืื•ืŸ ืื–ื˜ ื‘ื—ืžื— !7.. ืึทื–ื•ื™ ื˜ืจืึทื›ื˜ ื–ื™ืš ื‘ื ื™ืžื™ืŸ ืื•ืŸ ื’ื™ื˜ 
ืื™ื”ื ืฆื• ืคืขืจืฉื˜ืขื”ืŸ ื“ืขื ืฉื›?, ืฐืึธืก ืื™ื– ื“ืขืจ ื—ื™ืœื•ืง ืคื•ืŸ ืื™ื™ืŸ 
ืกืœืืก ื‘ื™ื–'ืŸ ืื ื“ืขืจืขืŸ. ื“ึผื‘ ื”ืขืจืฉืขืŸ ืฉื˜ืขื”ื˜ ื’ื™ื˜ ืึธืŸ ื“ื™ ืžืขืฉื”, 
ืฐืึธืก ืื–ื ืฉื ืขืก ื ื™ื˜ ืื™ื”ื˜ ืฆื•ึน ืคืขืจืฉื˜ืขื—ืŸ ื“ืึธืก, ืฐืึธืก ืก'ืื™ื– ื ื™ืฉื˜ื˜ 
ื’ืืจ ืฆื• ืคืขืจืฉื˜ืขื”ืŸ, ืžืึทื›ื˜ ืขืจ ืฆื• ืื™ื”ื ; 

--- ืžื™ืœื ื‘ืงืฆื•ืจ, ื“ืึธืก ืคืึทืจืฉื˜ืขื—ื˜ 6 ืžื™ื ื“ืกื˜ ืงื™ื ื“. ืึธื‘ืขืจ 
ืคืึทืจ ืฐืึธืก ืื™ื– ื“ืขืจ ืฉื›? ืคื•ืŸ ืึทื‘ื˜ ืงืœืึทืกืขืŸ, ื ื™ื˜ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ื’ื™ื™ืขืŸ ? 

--- ืฐืึธืจื•ื ื•ื•ืขืŸ ืกืข ื–ืึธืœ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื ื™ื™ืขืŸ ืงืœื˜ืกืขืŸ, ืฐืึธืœื˜ ืื™ื”ืจ ื’ืข" 
ืคืจืขื ื˜, ืคืึทืจ ืฐืึธืก ืขืคึผื™ื˜ ื“ื•ืงื ื ื™ื™ืขืŸ ืกืœืึทื˜ืขืŸ, ื ื™ื˜ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืฆืขื”ืŸ ? 

ืึทื–ืฑ ืขื ื˜ืคืขืจื˜ ืื™ื”ื ืึดืคึผ ื‘ื ื™ืžื™ืŸ, ืื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืขื•ืœื ืฆืขืœื˜ื›ื˜ 
ื–ื™ืš; ื ืึธืจ ืื™ื™ืŸ ืจื‘ ื”ืขืจืฉ ืคึฟืึทื›ื˜ ื ื™ืฉื˜. ืขืจ ืงืœืขืจื˜ ื–ื™ืš ื‘ืฉืขืช 
ืžืขืฉื— : ,ื, ื ืจืขื›ื˜ืขืจ ืฉื™ื™ื’ืขืฅ!? ืื•ืŸ ื˜ื—ื•ื˜ ื ื”ื•ืกื˜ืข? ืคื•ื 'ื 
ื”ืืœื– ืื•ืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ื ืึธื–ืŸ: ,ื”ื˜.. ื—ืก,. ืฆื™ื™ื˜ ื’ืขื”ืŸ ืื”ื™ื™ื.. 30 
ื”ืž.,, ืžืึทื›ืขืŸ ืงื™ื“ื•ืฉ.... 

ื•ื•ืขืจ ืขืก ื”ืึธื˜ ื ื™ื˜ ืึธื ื’ืขืกื•ืกื˜ ื“ืขืžืึธืœื˜ ื™ืฉืจืืœ?ืœ ื“ืขื ืฉืžืฉ, 
ืฐืึธืก ืื™ืŸ ื’ืขืฉื˜ืึทื ืขืŸ ื‘ื™ื™ ื“ืขืจ ื–ื™ื™ื˜, ื ืขืงื•ืกื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ืื™ื™ื ืขื ืื•ื™ื'ืŸ 


24 | ืฉืœื•ื-ืขืœื™ื›ื 


ืึทื ื“ืขืจืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ ื’ืขืฉืœื•ื ื ืขืŸ ื‘ื ื™ืžื™ื 'ืก ื•ื•ืขืจื˜ืขืจ, ื“ืขืจ ื”ืึธื˜ ื ื™ื˜ ื’ืขื–ืขื”ืขืŸ 
ืงื™ื™ืŸ ื’ืœื™ืกืœื™ื›ืขืŸ ืžืขื ืฉืขืŸ ืงื™ื™ื ืžืึธืœ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืœืขื‘ืขืŸ,. ืขืจ ื”ืึธื˜ ื ืข- 
ืฐืึทืจื˜ ื‘ื™ื–ืŸ ืจื‘ ื”ืขืจืฉ ืฐืขื˜ ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ืึธืคึผืœืึธื–ืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื–ื•ื”ืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืขืจ ืฐื•ืขื˜ 
ืงืึทื ืขืŸ ื’ืขื—ืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ืื™ื—ื ืึทื—ื™ื™ื { ื“ืึธื•ื˜ ืงื•ืงื˜ ืžืขืŸ ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ืึทืจืฑืก 
ืื•ื™ื” ืื™ื”ื, ื“ื™ ืžืึทืžืข ืžื™ื˜ ืึทืœืข ื“ืจื™ื™ ืฉืฐืขืกื˜ืขืจ; ืื•ื™ืค'ืŸ ื˜ื™ืฉ 
/ืœื™ื’ืขืŸ ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ืึธื ื’ืขื’ืจื™ื™ื˜ ืžืกืชืžื ื“ื™ ืฉืขื ืข ืžืฆื•ืช ืื•ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืื•ื™ื•ื•ืขืŸ 
ื–ื™ื“ื˜ ื ื’ืขืฉืžืึทืงืขืจ ื‘ืึธืจืฉื˜ ืึท ืคึผืกื—ืฒื ืขืจ, ืื•ืŸ ื”ื™ื™ืกืข ืงื ื™ื™ืจืœืขืš 
(ืžื™ื˜ ืฉืžืึทืœืฅ, ืื•ืŸ ืืคืฉืจ ื ืึธืš ืึท ื˜ื™ื™ื’ืขื›ืฅ ืื•ื™ืš... ืื•ืŸ ืึทื– ืจื‘ ื”ืขืจืฉ 
;ื”ืึธื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืื•ื™ืกื’ืขื—ื•ืกื˜ ืื•ืŸ ืื™ื– ื ืขื ืฉื ื ืขืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ื–ื™ื™ื ืข ืžืงื•ืจื‘ื™ื ืฆื• 
ื–ื™ืš ืื•ื™ืฃ ืกื™ื“ื•ืฉ, ื”ืึธื˜ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื“ืขืจ ืฉืžืฉ ืคืขืจื‘ืขื˜ืขืŸ ืฆื• ื–ื™ืš ืื•ื™ืฃ 
ืกื™ื“ื•ืฉ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืื™ื™ืŸ-ืื•ืŸ-ืื™ื™ื ืฆื™ื’ืขืŸ ื ื•ื˜ืขืŸ ืคืจื™ื™ื ื“, ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ืขืœื™ืกื•ืจ, 
ื™ืจื—ืžื™ืืœ-ืžืฉื” ื“ืขื ืžืœืžื“, ื”ืึธื˜ ืื™ื”ื ืžื›ื‘ื“ ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ื ื’ืœืข- 
ืขืœ ื•ื•ื™ื™ืŸ ืคื•ื 'ื ืืžืช'ืŸ ืจืึธื–ื™ื ืงืขืก-ืฐื•ื™ื™ืŸ, ืื•ืŸ ืกื™ืžืข ื”ืึธื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืื•ื™ืก- 
ื’ืขืคื™ื™ื ื˜ ืคืึทืจ ืื™ื”ื ืžื™ื˜ ืึทื–ืขืœื›ืข ืžื™ื ื™ื ื—ืจืขืžื–ืœืขืš, ืฐืึธืก ืก'ืื™ื– 
ืฉื•ื•ืขืจ ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ืฆื• ื–ืึธื’ืขืŸ ืžื‘ื™ื ื•ืช, ืฐื•ืึธืก ืœื™ื ื˜ ืื™ืŸ ื–ื™ื™; ืฆื™ ืžืขื”ืจ 
ื”ืึธื ื™ื’, ืฆื™ ืžืขื—ืจ ืฉืžืึทืœืฅ, ืžื—ืžืช ื–ื™ื™ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ืื™ ื’ืขื ื•ื’ ื–ื™ืก, 
ืื™ ื’ืขื ื•ื’ ืคืขื, ื–ื™ื™ ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ ื–ื™ืš ืึทื–ืฉื‚ ื’ืขืงืœืขืคึผื˜ ืฆื•ื ื ื•ืžืขืŸ, ืื•ืŸ ื“ื™ 
ืฉืžืึทืœืฅ ื”ืึธื˜ ื’ืขืจื•ื ืขืŸ ืื™ื‘ืขืจ ื“ืขืจ ื‘ืึธืจื“. ื™ืจื—ืžื™ืืœ-ืžืฉื”, ืฐืึธืก 
ื”ืึธื˜ ื’ืขื”ืื˜ ื ื˜ื‘ืข ืคื•ืŸ ืฉื•ื•ื™ื™ื’ืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ ื–ื™ืคืฆืขืŸ, ืึทื– ืขืจ ื”ืึธื˜ ื’ืขื ื•ืžืขืŸ 
ื“ืึธืก ืขืจืฉื˜ืข ื’ืœืขื–ืข? ื•ื•ื™ื™ืŸ ืคื•ื 'ื ืืžืช'ืขืŸ ืจืึธื–ื™ื ืงืขืก-ื•ื•ื™ื™ืŸ, ื”ืึธื˜ ื–ื™ืš 
ืื™ื”ื ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ืึธื ื’ืขื—ื•ื™ื‘ืขืŸ ื“ืจืขื”ืขืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืงืึธืคึผ ืื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืฆื•ื ื’ ื”ืึธื˜ ื–ื™ืš 
ื‘ื™ื™ ืื™ื”ื ืื•ื™ืคื’ืขื‘ื•ื ื“ืขืŸ, ืื•ืŸ ืขืจ ืื™ื– ืžื™ื˜ ืึท ืžืึธืœ ื’ืขืฐืึธืจืขืŸ ื‘ืข- 
ืจืขื“ืขื•ื•ื“ื™ื’, ื”ืึธื˜ ืคืขืจื”ืขืจื˜ ื‘ื ื™ืžื™ื 'ืขืŸ, ืฆื™ ืขืจ ื’ืขื“ืขื ืงื˜ ื ืึธืš ื“ืขื 
ื—ื•ืžืฉ ืžื™ื˜ ืจืฉ"ื™, ืฐืึธืก ืขืจ ื”ืึธื˜ ืึทืžืึธ? ื’ืขืœืขืจืขื ื˜ ืžื™ื˜ ืื™ื”ื ืื™ืŸ 
ื—ื“ืจ. 


ื‘ื ื™ืžื™ืŸ ื”ืึธื˜ ื’ืขื“ืขื ืงื˜ ืื™ ื“ืขื ื—ื•ืžืฉ, ืื™ ื“ื™ ืจืฉ"ื™, ืื•ืŸ ื™ืฉืจืืœ 
ื“ืขื ืฉืžืฉ'ืก ื”ืึทืจืฅ ืื™ื– ืฉื™ืขืจ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืึทืจืฑืกื ืขืฉืคึผืจื•ื ื’ืขืŸ ืคืึทืจ ืชืขื ื•ื’. 


--- ืฐืึธืก ื–ืึธื’ื˜ ืื™ื”ืจ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืื™ื—ื ? --- ื”ืึธื˜ ืขืจ ื–ื™ืš ืึธื ื’ืขืจื•ืคืขืŸ 
ืฆื•ื ืžืœืžื“ ืฉื•ึนื™ืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื™ืขื ืขืจ ื–ื™ื™ื˜ ื˜ื”ื™ืจ. 


ืึท ,ื•ื•ื™ื’ืจื•ืฉื ืข ื‘ื™ืœื•ืขื˜" 98 


-- ื ื›ืœื™ ืฉืœื™ืžื” ! -- ืžืึทื›ื˜ ืฆื• ืื™ื—ื ื™ืจื—ืžื™ืืœ-ื˜ืฉื”, ื ืขืžื˜- 
ืฆื•ื ื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื™ ืœื™ืคึผืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืฉืึธืงืขืœื˜ ืžื™ื˜'ืŸ ืงืึธืคึผ. 

-- ืึธื‘ืขืจ ืึท ืื™ื“, ื”ื ? --- ื–ืึธื ื˜ ืฆื• ืื™ื”ื ื•ื•ื™ื™ื˜ืขืจ ืจืขืจ ืฉืžืฉ 
ืื•ืŸ ืงื•ืกื˜ ืื™ื—ื ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืื•ื™ื ืขืŸ ืืจื™ื™ืŸ. 

--- ืžื™ื˜ ื’ืึธื˜'ืก ื—ื™ืœืฃ ! --- ืžืึทื›ื˜ ื™ืจื—ืžื™ืืœ-ืžืฉื”. 

--- ืึตื™ืึท, ื ,ื•ื•ื™ื’ืจื™ืฉื ืข ื‘ื™ืœื™ืขื˜", ื”ื ? 

ื“ืขืจื•ื™ืฃ ื˜ื”ื•ื˜ ื™ืจื—ืžื™ืืœ-ืžืฉื— ืึท ืžืึทืš ืžื™ื˜'ืŸ ืงืึธืคึผ, ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ 
ืื•ื™ื’ืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ ื”ืขื ื“; ืขืจ ืžืึทื›ื˜ ืึทื–ืึท ืžื™ื ืข, ืฐืึธืก ืก ืื™ื– 
ืฉื•ื•ืขืจ ืฆื• ืคืขืจืฉื˜ืขื—ืŸ, ืฐืึธืก ืขืจ ืžื™ื™ื ื˜; ืžืข ืกืึธืŸ ืจืขื›ืขื ืขืŸ ืื™ ืึทื–ืฑ, 
ืื™ ืึทื–ืฑ, ื™ื ื ื•ื•ื™ื’ืจื™ืฉื ืข ื‘ื™ืœื™ืขื˜ ืื•ืŸ ื ื™ื˜ ืกื™ื™ืŸ ื•ื•ื™ื’ืจื™ืฉื ืข ื‘ื™ืœื™ืขื˜. 
ืฐืึธืก ื•ื•ื™ื™ืกื˜ ื ืžืขื ืฉ 1.. 

--- ื ื’ื•ื˜ืขืŸ ื™ื•ื-ื˜ื•ื‘ { -- ื–ืึธื ื˜ ืขืจ ืื•ืŸ ืงื•ืฉื˜ ื ืึธืš ื ืžืึธืœ 
ื“ื™ ืžื–ื•ื–ื—. --- ื’ืึธื˜ ื–ืึธืœ ื”ืขืœืคืขืŸ ื“ืขืจืœืขื‘ืขืŸ ืื™ื‘ืขืจ ื ื™ืึธื”ืจ, ืื•ืŸ ืžืข 
ื–ืึธืœ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื’ืขื–ื•ื ื ืื•ืŸ ืžืข ื–ืึธืœ ื’ืขื”ืŸ ืื™ื™ื ืขืจ ืฆื•ื ืึทื ื“ืขืจืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ 
ืฉืžื—ื•ืช, ืื™ืŸ ื’ื™ื›ืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืึท ื—ืชื•ื ื” ื‘ื™ื™ ืื™ื™ืขืจืข ื˜ืขื›ื˜ืขืจ, ืื•ืŸ ื ืึธื‘- 
ื“ืขื, ืื ื™ืจืฆื” ื—ืฉื‚ื, ื‘ื™ื™ ืึตื™ื™ืขืจ ื–ื•ื”ืŸ, ืื•ืŸ ืื™ื“ืขืŸ ื–ืึธืœืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืก- 
ื’ืขืœื™ื™ื–ื˜ ื•ื•ืขืจืขืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ืึทืœืข ืฆืจื•ืช, ืื•ืŸ ืžืข ื–ืึธืœ ื”ืขืจืขืŸ ื‘ืฉื•ืจื•ืช ื˜ื•ื‘ื•ืช 
ื™ืฉื•ืขื•ืช ื•ื ื—ืžื•ืช ืื•ื™ื'ืŸ ื‘ืœ5 ืื™ื“ืขืŸ, ืฐืึธืจื•ื ืก'ืื™ืŸ ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ืฆื™ื™ื˜ ื’ืึธื˜ 
ื–ืึธืœ ืขืคึผื™ืก ืจื—ืžื ื•ืช ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ, ืื™ื“ืขืŸ ื–ืึธืœืขืŸ ืขืคึดึผื™ืก ืื•ื™ืคื’ืขืจืขื›ื˜ ื•ื•ืขืจืขืŸ, 
ืื•ืŸ ื˜'ื–ืึธืœ ื–ื™ืš ืคืฉืจื‘ืขืกืขืจืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืคึผืจื ืกื•ึนืช, ืื•ืŸ ืก'ื–ืึธืœ ื’ืœืึธื˜ ืขืคึผื™ืก 
ื•ื•ืขืจืขืŸ ื’ื•ื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ืขืจ ื•ื•ืขืœื˜ ืื•ืŸ ืคืจื™ื™ืœื™ืš ืื•ื™ืค'ืŸ ื”ืืจืฆืขืŸ, ืื•ืŸ ืก'ื–ืึธืœึฟ 
ื–ื™ื™ืŸ... ืก'ื–ืึธืœ ื•ื•ืขืจืขืŸ... ืก'ื–ืึธืœ... ืก'ื–ืืœ.. ืก'ื–ืึธืœ... 

ื™ืจื—ืžื™ืืœ-ืžืฉื” ื“ืขืจ ืžืœืžื“ ื•ื•ื™ื™ืกื˜ ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ืืœื™ื™ืŸ ื ื™ื˜ ืฐืึธืก ืก'ื–ืึธืœึฟ 
ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืฐืึธืก ืก'ื–ืึธืœ ื•ื•ืขืจืขืŸ. ืขืจ ื”ืึธื˜ ืฉื•ื™ืŸ, ื“ืื›ื˜ ื–ื™ืš, ืื•ื™ืกื ืข- 
ืฉืึทื˜ืขืŸ ืึทืœืกืจื™ื ื’, ืฐืึธืก ืขืจ ื”ืึธื˜ ื’ืขื”ืึทื˜. ืื™ืŸ ืขืจ ื’ืขื‘ืœื™ื‘ืขืŸ ืฉื˜ืขื”ืŸ 
ื’ื™ื ืึทื”ื™ืŸ ื ื™ื˜ ืึทื”ืขืจ; ื•ื™ ืึทื–ื•ื™ ื’ืขื”ื˜ ืžืขืŸ ืึทืฐืขืก ื’ืœืื˜ ืึทื–ืฑ, ืื™ืŸ 
ืžื™ื˜ืขืŸ ื“ืจื™ื ืขืŸ, ืึถื”ืŸ ื ื–ื™ื™ึทื’ืขื–ื•ื ื“? ื ื’ืœื™ืง, ืฐืึธืก ืขืจ ื”ืึธื˜ ื–ื™ืฃ 
ื“ืขืจืžืึทื ื˜ : 

--- ืื•ึนืŸ ืก'ื–ืึธืœ,., ืกื•ืžืขืŸ ืžืฉื™ื— } 


26 ืฉืœื•ืื™ืขืœื•ื›ื 


-- ืึธืžืŸ } --- ื”ืึธื˜ ืื™ื”ื ื ื’ืขืขื ื˜ืคืขืจื˜ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื“ืขืจ ืฉืžืฉ ืื•ืŸ 
ืื™ืŸ ื”ืึทืจืฆืขืŸ ื‘ื™ื™ ื–ื™ืš ื”ืึธื˜ ืขืจ ื’ืขื˜ืจืื›ื˜ : ืœืึธื– ืคืจื™ื—ืขืจ ืžื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ื’ื™ืžื™ืŸ 
ืขื ื“ื™ื’ืขืŸ ื“ืึธืงื˜ืึธืจ ืื•ืŸ ื ืึธื›ื“ืขื ืœืึธื– ืงื•ืžืขืŸ ืžืฉื™ื”... 


1 


ื•ื™ ืœืขื‘ืขื“ื™ื’ ืื•ืŸ ื•ื•ึนื™ ืคืจื™ื™ืœื™ืš ืขื ืื™ื– ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ื‘ื™ื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื“ืขื 
ืฉืžืฉ ืื™ืŸ ืฉื˜ื•ื‘ ื‘ืฉืขืช ื‘ื ื™ืžื™ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืึธื ื’ืขืงื•ืžืขืŸ, ืึทื–ืฑ ืื™ื– ื“ืึธืจื˜ืขืŸ 
ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ืื•ืžืขื˜ื™ื’ ืื•ืŸ ื˜ืจื•ื™ืขืจื™ื’ ื‘ื™ื™ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืึทืฐืขืงืคืึธื”ืจืขืŸ ืฆื•ืจื™ืง ืื™ืŸ 
ื“ืขืจ ื’ืจื•ื™ืกืขืจ ืฉื˜ืึธื“ื˜ ืืจื™ื™ืŸ. ื•ื•ื™ื™ื ืขืŸ ื”ืื˜ ืงื™ื™ื ืขืจ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื’ืขื•ื•ื™ื™ื ื˜, 
ื ืึธืจ ืก'ืื™ืŸ ื’ืื˜ ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ืื™ื˜ืœื™ื›ืขืŸ ื‘ืขื–ื•ื ื“ืขืจ ืึธื ื’ืขื–ืึธืœืขื˜ ืื•ื™ืืŸ 
ื”ืืจืฆืขืŸ, ื•ื™ ืฆื• ื ืœื™ื” ื—ืœื™ืœื—. ืกื™ืžืข ื”ืึธื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืืคื™ืœื• 6 ืคึผืืจ 
ืžืึธืœ ื™ืึธ ืึท ื ืขื ื’ืขื˜ื”ืึธืŸ ืฆื•ื ืคืืจื˜ื•ืš, ื”ืึธื˜ ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ืฐืึธืก ืึทืœืข 
ืื™ืŸ ืฉื˜ื•ื‘ ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ ื’ืขืฆื™ื˜ืขืจื˜ ืคืืจ ืื™ื”ื ืื•ืŸ ื’ืขื”ืื˜ ื“ืจืŸ"ื™ืืจืฅ, 
ื’ืขื ืขื‘ืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืื™ื”ืจ ืึทื–ืึท ืงื•ืง, ืึทื– ื–ื™ ื”ืึธื˜ ืคืขืจืฉื˜ืื ืขืŸ, ืึทืŸ ืžืข. 
ื“ืืจืฃ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื•ื•ื™ื™ื ืขืŸ,. ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื”ืึธื˜ ื ืขืฐืึธืœื˜, ืกืึธืœ ื“ื•ืงื ื–ื™ื™ืŸ 
ืคืจื™ื™ืœื™ืš, ื”ืึธื˜ ืขืจ ืคืจื™ื”ืขืจ ื‘ืขืฐืึธื”ืจืขื ื˜, ืึธื ื’ืขื–ืึธื ื˜ ื“ืขื ื•ื•ื™ื™ื‘ ืื•ืŸ 
ืืœืข ื“ืจื™ื™ ื˜ืขื›ื˜ืขืจ, ืึทื– ืงื™ื™ื ืขืจ ื–ืึธืœ ื–ื™ืš ื ื™ื˜ ื“ืขืจื•ื•ืขื’ืขืŸ ืœืื–ืขืŸ ื 
ื˜ืจืขืจ. ื ืึธืจ ืื– ื‘ื ื™ืžื™ืŸ ื”ืึธื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืึธื ื’ืขื”ืฑื™ื‘ืขืŸ ืงื•ืฉืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืก'ืื™ื– 
ื’ืขืงื•ืžืขืŸ ืฆื• ื“ืขืจ ืžืึทืžืขืŸ, ื”ืึธื˜ ืกื™ืžืข ืืจืฑื™ืกื’ืขืœืึธื–ื˜ ืขืคึผื™ืก ืึท ืžืึธื“- 
ื ืขื ืงื•ื•ื™ื˜ืฉ ืคื•ื 'ื ื”ืึทืœื– ืื•ืŸ ืื™ื– ืคืขืจืฉื˜ืึธืจื‘ืขืŸ ื’ืขืฐืึธืจืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ 
ื‘ื ื™ืžื™ื 'ืก ื”ืึทืœื–; ื“ืขืžืึธืœื˜ ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ ื–ื™ืš ืึทืœืข ื“ืจื™ื™ ืฉื•ื•ืขืกื˜ืขืจ ื’ืข" 
ื ื•ืžืขืŸ ืฉื ื™ื™ืฆืขืŸ ื“ื™ ื ืขื–ืขืจ, ืžื—ืžืช ื–ื™ื™ ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ ื“ืขืจืคื™ื—ืœื˜, ืึทื– ื‘ื™ื™ 
ื–ื™ื™ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื™ ื‘ืจืขืžืขืŸ ื˜ืึทื ืฆืขืŸ ื˜ืจืขืจืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื”ืึทืœื– ืื™ื– ื‘ื™ื™ ื–ื™ื™ 
ื’ืขืฐืึธืจืขืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ืึท ืžืึธืœ ืฉืจืขืงืœื™ืš ืขื ื’... ื ืึธืจ ืื™ื™ืŸ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื”ืึธื˜ ื–ื™ืš 
ื’ืขื”ืฉืœื˜ืขืŸ, ืฐื™ ื ืžืขื ืฉ; ืขืจ ื”ืึธื˜ ื ื™ื˜ ืื•ื™ืคื ืขื”ืขืจื˜ ืฆื• ืœืึทื›ืขืŸ 
ืžื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ,ื•ื•ื™ื™ื‘ืขืจื™ื™" ืžื™ื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืขืจืข ,ืฐืึธืœืฐืขืœืข ื˜ืจืขืจืขืŸ", ื—ืึธื˜ืฉ 
ืึทืœื™ื™ืŸ ื”ืึธื˜ ืขืจ ื’ืขืคื™ื”ืœื˜, ื•ื™ ื˜ื•ื™ื–ืขื ื“ ืงืขืฅ ื’ืจืึทื‘ืœืขืŸ ืื™ื”ื ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ 
ื ืขื ืขืœ ื‘ื™ื™ ื“ืขืจ ื ืฉืžื”, ืื•ืŸ ืก'ืื™ื– ืื™ื”ื ืึธืคึผื’ืขื’ืื ื’ืขืŸ ืึท ืžื™ื ื•ื˜ ืขืจ' 


ืึท ,ื•ื•ื™ื’ืจื•ืฉื ืข ื‘ื•ืœื•ืขื˜" : 


ื–ืึธืœ ื–ื™ืš ืฆืขื•ื•ื™ื™ื ืขืŸ. ื ืึธืจ ืึท ืžืึทื ื›ื‘ื™? ืื™ืŸ ืคืืจื˜ ืฉ ืžืื ืกื‘ื™ืœืŸ 
ืขืจ ื”ืึธื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืžื™ื™ืฉื‘ ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ ื”ืึธื˜ ื ืึธืจ ืึธื ื’ืขื”ื•ื™ื‘ืขืŸ ื•ื•ืขืจื˜ืœืขืŸ 
ื–ื™ืš, ื—ืึธื˜ืฉ ืขืก ื”ืึธื˜ ื–ื™ืš ื ื™ื˜ ื’ืขืงืœืขืคึผื˜ ื ืฐืึธืจื ืฆื• ื ืฐืึธืจื˜, ืื•ืŸ 
ืึทืจื•ืžื˜ืึทื ืฆืขืŸ ื”ื™ืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืฆื•ืจื™ืง, ืฐื™ ื ืžืฉื•ื’ืข'ื ืขืจ, ื’ืขื”ืึธืœืคืขืŸ ื‘ื ื™ืžื™ื 'ืขืŸ 
ื–ื™ืš ืึธื ื˜ื”ื•ืŸ, ื ืขืžืึทื›ื˜ ื—ื•ื–ืง ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื–ื™ืœื‘ืขืจื ืข ืงื ืขืคึผ ืžื™ื ื“ืขืจ ืคึผืึทื“ืงืข 
ืฐืึธืก ืคื•ืŸ ื”ื™ื ื˜ืขืŸ, ืื•ืŸ ืกื•ืฃ 2? ืกื•ืฃ, ื ืึธืš ืึทืœืข ื•ื•ืขืจื˜ืœืขืš ื–ืึธื ืขืŸ ืžื™ื˜'ืŸ 
ืึทืจื•ืžื˜ืึทื ืฆืขืŸ, ื”ืึธื˜ ืขืจ ืื•ื™ืกื ืขื–ืขื”ืขืŸ, ืฐื™ ื ืžืขื ืฉ, ืฐืึธืก ื”ืึทืœื˜ 
ื‘ื™ื™ ืึทืจืฑืกืจืฒืกืขืŸ ื–ื™ืš ืึท ืฆืึธื”ืŸ. 

ื ืึธืš ืื™ื™ืŸ ื ืฉืžื” ืื™ื– ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ืคืขืจืฆืึธืจืขื ื˜ ืื•ืŸ ืฉื˜ืึทืจืง ื˜ืจื•ื™ืขืจื™ื’ 
ืคื•ืŸ ื‘ื ื™ืžื™ื 'ืก ืึทืฐืขืงืžืึธื”ืจืขืŸ, ื—ืึธื˜ืฉ ื™ืขื ืข ื ืฉืžื” ื”ืึธื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืึถื ื ืข" 
ืงืขื”ืจื˜ ืžื™ื˜ ืื™ื”ื ืึท ื•ื•ื™ืœื“ื™ืคื•ืจืขืžื“ืข. ื“ืึธืก ืื™ืŸ ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ืคื™ื™ื ื”-ืœืื” 
ื“ืขืจ ืฉื›ื ื”'ืก ื˜ืขื›ื˜ืขืจืขืœ ืžื™ื ืฆื™ ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ ืฉื•ื•ืืจืฆืข ืื•ื™ื’ืขืœืขืš, ืžื™ื˜'ืŸ 
ื’ืขื“ื™ื›ื ื˜ืขืŸ ืฉื•ื•ืืจืฆืขืŸ ืฆืึธืคื ืื•ืŸ ืžื™ื˜'ืŸ ืจื•ื™ื˜ืขืŸ ืกื˜ื™ื™ื ื ืขืœืข. ื•ืืก 
ืคืึทืจ ืึท ืกื—ื•ืชื ืช'ื˜ืข ืื™ื– ื“ืึธ ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ืžื™ื ืฆื™ ?4 ืฐืึธืก ื”ืึธื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืึธื " 
ื’ืขืกืขื—ืจื˜ ืžื™ื˜ ืื™ื—ื”ืจ ื‘ื ื™ืžื™ืŸ, ืฐืึธืก ื–ื™ ืื™ืŸ ืึทืจืฑืคื’ืขื ืึทื ื’ืขืŸ ืื™ื”ื 
ื‘ืขื’ืœื™ื™ื˜ืขืŸ ืึทื–ืฉ ืื™ืŸ ื“ืจื•ื™ืกืขืŸ ืืจื•ื™ืก, ื’ืขืฉื˜ืึทื ืขืŸ ืฆื•ื ื•ื™ืคื ืขืœืขื ื˜ ื“ื™ 
ื”ืขื ื“ ืื•ื™ืค'ืŸ ื”ืืจืฆืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ ื’ืขื–ื™ืคืฆื˜ 4 ืื•ืŸ ืฐืึธืก ื”ืึธื˜ ื‘ืขื“ื™ื™ื˜ ื“ืึธืก 
ืกื•ืงืขืŸ, ืฐืึธืก ื–ื™ื™ ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ ื–ื™ืš ื‘ื™ื™ื“ืข ืื–ื•ื™ ื ืขืงื•ืงื˜ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืืฑื ืขืŸ 
ื˜ืจื™ื™ืŸ ? ื•ื•ืขืŸ ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ ืฆื™ื™ื ื’ืขื”ืื˜ ืฆื• ื‘ืขืงืขื ืขืŸ ื–ื™ืš, ืึทื– ื ื’ืึทื ืฅ 
ืฉืกื— ืื™ื– ื‘ื ื™ืžื™ืŸ ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื’ืขืคืขื ื’ืขื ื™ืฉ ื‘ื™ื™ ื–ื™ื™ื ืข ื“ืจื™ื™ ืฉื•ื•ืขืก- 
ื˜ืขืจ, ืฐืึธืก ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ ืื™ื”ื ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืึธืžืคึผื’ืขืœืึธื–ื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืกื™ื™ืŸ ืžื™ื ื•ื˜ 4 ื ืึธืจ 
ืื•ื™ืš ื“ื™ ืื™ื™ื’ืขื ืข ืžืขืฉื”, ื•ื•ืขืจ ืงืึธืŸ ื“ืึธืก ืขืจื•ื‘ึฟ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืคืึทืจ ื ื‘ื—ื•ืจ 
ืžื™ื˜ 8 ืžื™ื™ื“ืขืœ, ืึตื– ื–ื™ื™ ื–ื™ืฆืขืŸื“ืึธืคึผ ื ืคึผืึทืจ ืฐืึธื›ืขืŸ ืื•ื ืžืขืจ ืื™ื™ืŸ ื“ืึทืš 
ืื•ืŸ ืขืก ืฆื™ื”ื ื–ื™ื™ ืื™ื™ื ืก ืฆื• ื“ืึธืก ืื ื“ืขืจืข, ื•ื™ ืึท ืžืึทื ื ืขื˜ 4 ืืžืฉืฃ 
ื”ืื‘ืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ ื–ื™ืš ื“ื•ืจื›ื’ืขื•ื•ืืจืคืขืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ืึท ืคึทึผืึทืจ ื•ื•ืขืจื˜ืขืจ ืื•ืŸ ื–ื™ืš ื ืึธืšืฃ 
8 ืงื•ื•ืขื˜ืฉ ื’ืขื˜ื”ืึธืŸ ื“ื™ ื”ืื ื“ ืื•ื™ืš -- ื•ื•ืขืจ ืงืึธืŸ ื“ืึธืก ื•ื•ื™ืกืขืŸ 1.. 
ืืคืฉืจ ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ ื–ื™ืš ื‘ืขื ืขื’ืขื ื˜ ืคืึทืจื ืึทื›ื˜ืœื™ืš ืื™ืŸ ื—ื•ื™ื– ืขืจื’ื™ืฅ ืื™ืŸ 
ื ื•ื•ื™ื ืงืขืœืข ืื•ืŸ ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ ื–ื™ืš ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืžื™ื ืกื˜ืขืจ ืฉื˜ื™ืœืขืจื”ื™ื™ืจ ืฆืข" 
ืกื•ืฉื˜ -- ืื™ืš ื•ื•ื™ื™ืก ? ืœืžืึทื™ ื–ืึธืœ ืื™ืš ื–ืึธื’ืขืŸ ืึทื–ืขืœื›ืขืก, ืฐืึธืก ืื™ืš 
ื”ืึธื‘ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื’ืขื–ืขื”ืขืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ ืื•ื™ื’ืขืŸ 3... ืึท ืงื•ื ืฅ ื ืขืžืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืื•ื™ื" 


98 ืฉืœื•ื-ืขืœื™ื›ื 


ื˜ืจืึทื›ื˜ืขืŸ ืคื•ื 'ื ืงืึธืคึผ ื’ืœืึธื˜ ื ื‘ื‘ื-ืžืขืฉื”ืฃ ืžื™ืœื ื‘ื ื™ืžื™ืŸ -- 
ื’ืึธืจื ื™ืฉื˜ ; ืขืจ ื•ืฐืขื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืึทืฐืขืงืคืึธื”ืจืขืŸ ืฆื•ืจื™ืง ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ื’ื™ืžื ืึทื–ื™ืข 
ืื•ืŸ ืฐืขื˜ ืคืขืจื’ืขืกืขืŸ ื“ืขื ื–ื™ื™-ื ืขื–ื•ื ื“; ืึธื‘ืขืจ ืžื™ื ืฆื™ ? ืžื™ื ืฆื™ ืื™ 
ื ืžื™ื™ื“ืข? ืฆื• ืœื™ื™ื˜ืขืŸ, ืื•ืŸ ืึท ืฉืขืŸ ืžื™ื™ื“ืข? ื“ืขืจืฆื•! ื–ื™ ื‘ืขื“ืึทืจืฃ 
ื—ืชื•ื ื” ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ, ืื™ื”ืจ ืงืึธืŸ ื“ืึธืก ื—ืœื™ืœื” ืฉืึธื“ืขืŸ ืฆื•ื ืฉื™ื“ื•ืš!.. 
ืื•ื“ืื™ ืฐืึธืœื˜ ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ื ื’ืจื•ื™ืกืขืจ ื™ื•ืฉืจ, ืึทื– ื“ืขืจ ืจืึธืžืึทืŸ ื–ืึธืœ ื–ื™ืš 
ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืขื ื“ื™ื ืขืŸ ืื–ื•ื™ ื’ื™ืš, ืึทื– ื“ื™ ืœื™ืขื‘ืข ืฆื•ื•ื™ืฉืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ ื–ืึธืœ ื‘ืจืขื ืขืŸ 
ื•ื™ ื ื”ืขืœื™ืฉ ืคื™ื™ืขืจ, ืึทื– ืขืก ื–ืึธืœืขืŸ ื ืขื—ืŸ ื—ื™ืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืฆื•ืจื™ืง ืคืœืึทืžืคื™ื™ืขืจื™ื’ืข 
ื‘ืจื™ื•ื•ืœืขืš, ืื– ื‘ื ื™ืžื™ืŸ ื–ืึธืœ ืขื ื“ื™ื ืขืŸ ื“ืึธืงื˜ืึธืจ ืื•ืŸ ืงื•ืžืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืคืึทืœืขืŸ 
ืžื™ื ืฆื™'ืŸ ืฆื• ื“ื™ ืคื™ืกืก; ืึธื“ืขืจ ืœืึธื– ืขืจ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืฐืึทืจื˜ืขืŸ, ื‘ื™ื– ืขืจ ืฐืขื˜ 
ืึทืžืึธืœ ืขื ื“ื™ื’ืขืŸ ื“ืึธืงื˜ืึธืจ, ืื•ืŸ ื‘ืึทืœื“ ืึทืจื•ื™ืก'ื’ื ื‘'ืขื ืขืŸ ืžื™ื ืฆื™'ืŸ ื“ื•ืจื›'ืŸ 
ืคืขื ืกื˜ืขืจ ืื•ืŸ ืึทื ื˜ืœืฑื™ืคืขืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ืื™ืชืจ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืคึผืึทืจื™ื–, ืึทื”ื™ืŸ ื•ื•ืื• ืขืก 
ืœื•ื™ืคืขืŸ ืึทืœึถึผืข ื”ืขืœื“ืขืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ืื•ื ื–ืขืจืข ืื™ื“ื™ืฉืข ื ืึทื˜ื™ืจืœื™ื›ืข ,ื”ืขื›ืกื˜- 
ืื™ื ื˜ืขืจืขืกืื ื˜ืข" ืจืึธืžืึทื ืขืŸ... ืึดื™, ืฐืึธืก ื•ื•ืขืœืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ ื˜ื”ื•ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืคึผืึทื™ 
ืจื™ื– ? ื–ื™ื™ ื•ื•ืขืœืขืŸ ื“ืึธืš ื“ืึธืจื˜ ืคึผื ืจ'ืขืŸ ืคืึทืจ ื”ื•ื ื’ืขืจ ! ืึท ื“ืื’ื— ืžื™ืจ --- 
ืื•ื“ืื™ ื“ืึทืจืฃ ืื™ืš ื’ืขื”ืŸ ืคืขืจื–ืึธืจื’ืขืŸ ื“ืขื ืชื›ืœื™ืช ืคื•ืŸ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื“ืขื 
ืฉืžืฉ'ืก ื–ื•ื”ืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ืคื™ื™ื’ื”-ืœืื— ื“ืขืจ ืืœืžื ื—'ื˜ ื˜ืึธื›ื˜ืขืจ ! ืฐืึธืก ืื™ืŸ? 
ืื™ืš ืงืึธืŸ ื ื™ื˜ ื‘ืขืฉื˜ืขื”ืŸ, ืึทื– ื‘ื ื™ืžื™ืŸ ืึธื“ืขืจ ืžื™ื ืฆื™ ื–ืึธืœ ืคึผืœื•ืฆื™ื ื‘ืข- 
ืงื•ืžืขืŸ ืขืคึผื™ืก ืึท ืฆืขื”ืŸ ืžื™ืœื™ืึธื ืฉื˜ื™ืงืœืขืš ื™ืจื•ืฉื” ืคื•ืŸ ืึท ืจื™ื™ื›ืขืŸ ืคืขื˜ืขืจ, 
ืฐืึธืก ืื™ื– ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ืคืจื™ื”ืขืจ ืึท ื‘ืึทื ื“ื™ื˜ ืื•ืŸ ื ืึธื›ื“ืขื ื ื‘ืึทืจืึธืŸ, ืฐื™ 
ืื™ืŸ ืึทืœึถืข ,ื–ืขื›ืกื˜-ืื™ื ื˜ืขืจืขืกืึทื ื˜ืข? ืจืึธืžืึทื ืขืŸืŸ? ืฆื™ ืื™ืš ืงืึธืŸ ื ื™ื˜ 
ืื•ื™ืกืคื™ื”ืจืขืŸ, ืึทื– ื‘ื ื™ืžื™ืŸ ืึทืœึตื™ื™ืŸ ื–ืึธืœ ื’ืขืคืขืœืขืŸ ื•ื•ืขืจืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืคึผืึทืจื™ื– ืื•ืŸ 
ื–ืึธืœ ื•ื•ืขืจืขืŸ ืคึผืจืขื–ื™ื“ืขื ื˜ ? ืึธื“ืขืจ ืื™ืŸ ืžื™ื ืฆื™'ืŸ ื–ืึธืœ ื–ื™ืš ืคืขืจืœื™ืขื‘ืขืŸ 
ื ืคึผืจื™ื ืฅ (ืฐืึธืก ืžืึทื›ื˜ ืึทื™ื™ืš ืื•ื™ืก ืฐืึธืกืขืจ ืคึผืจื™ื ืฅ ? ืงืึทืจื’ ืคึผืจื™ื ืฆืขืŸ 
ืคืึทืจื”ืึทื ืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ืขืจ ื•ื•ืขืœื˜ -- ื˜ืึทื˜ืขื ื™ !), ืื•ืŸ ื–ื™ ื–ืึธืœ ืคืขืจ- 
ืคื™ื™ืงืขื ืขืŸ ืคืึทืจ ืื™ื”ื, ืึทื– ื–ื™ ืื™ื– ืึท ื›ืœื” ืคึผืึทืจ'ืŸ ืคึผืจืขื–ื™ื“ืขื ื˜, ื“ืึธืก 
ื”ื™ื™ืกื˜ ืคืึทืจ ื‘ื ื™ืžื™ื 'ืขืŸ, ืื•ืŸ ืขืจ, ื“ืขืจ ืคึผืจื™ื ืฅ ื”ื™ื™ืกื˜ ื“ืึธืก, ื–ืึธืœ ื–ื™ 
ืึธืคึผื’ื™ืœื˜ืขืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ืงืึธืคึผ ื‘ื™ื– ืคื™ืก, ืื•ืŸ ืึทื–ืŸ ืขืก ืงื•ืžื˜ ืฆื• ื“ืขืจ ื”ืคึผื”, 
ื•ืื›ืกื˜-ืื•ื™ืก ื‘ื ื™ืžื™ืŸ, ื’ืขื•ื•ื™ื™ื ื˜ืœื™ืš ืคืขืจืžืึทืกืงื™ืจื˜, ืžื™ื ื ืึธืš ืฆื•ื™ื™ 
ื‘ืึทื ื“ื™ื˜ืขืŸ, ืื•ืŸ ื’ื ื‘'ืขื˜-ืึทืฐื•ืขืง ื“ื™ ื›ืœื” ืคื•ืŸ ืื•ื ื˜ืขืจ ื“ืขืจ ื—ื•ืคึผื” ืื•ืŸ 


8 ,, ื•ื•ื™ื’ืจื™ืฉื ืข ื‘ื™ืœื•ืขื" 90 


ืึทื ื˜ืœื•ื™ืคื˜ ืžื™ื˜ ืื™ื—ืจ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืœืึธื ื“ืึธืŸ --- ืื•ืŸ ื ืขื— ืœืึธื“ ืžื™ืš ! ื™ืขื ืขืจ, 
ื“ืขืจ ืคึผืจื™ื ืฅ, ืื™ืŸ ืึธื‘ืขืจ ืื•ื™ืš ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืคึผืจืึธืžืึทืš, ื™ืึธื ื˜ ืขืจ ื–ื™ 
ื ืึธืš ืžื™ื˜ ืึท ื’ืขื–ื•ื ื“ืขืŸ ืคึผืึธืœืง ื–ืฉืึทื ื“ืึทืจืžืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ ื•ื™? ื–ื™ื™ ื”ืึทืคึผืขืŸ; 
ืฐืึทืจืคื˜-ืึทืจืึธืคึผ ื‘ื ื™ืžื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืžืึทืกืงืข, ืžืข ื˜ื”ื•ื˜ ืึท ืงื•ืง --- ืฉืึท, ืก'ืื™ื– 
ื’ืึธืจ ื“ืขืจ ืคึผืจืขื–ื™ื“ืขื ื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ืคืจืื ืงืจื™ื™ืš ! ืคึฟืึทืœึถืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ ืื™ืŸ ืึดื”ื ืžืึทื›ื˜, 
ืื•ืŸ ืžืข ื˜ื”ื•ื˜ ืคืึทืจ ืื™ื”ื ืงื ื™ื”ืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ ื‘ื•ืงืขืŸ, ืื•ืŸ ืžืข ืคื™ื”ืจื˜ ืื™ื”ื 
ืžื™ื˜ ื’ืจื•ื™ืก ืคึผืึทืจืึทื“ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืคึผืึทืจื™ื– ืื™ื ืื™ื™ื ืขื ืžื™ื˜ ืžื™ื ืฆื™'ืŸ, ืื•ืŸ ืคื•ืŸ 
ื“ืึธืจื˜ืขืŸ ืคืึธื”ืจืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ ื’ืœื™ื™ืš ืึทื”ื™ื™ื, ืึธื ื’ืขืฉื˜ืึธืคึผื˜ ืžื™ื˜ ื’ืึธืœื“ ืื•ืŸ ืžื™ื˜ 
ื‘ืจื™ืœื™ืึทื ื˜ืขืŸ, ืื•ืŸ ืงื•ืžืขืŸ-ืึธืŸ ืคึผื•ื ืงื˜ ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืฆื™ื™ื˜, ื•ื•ืขืŸ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืœื™ื ื˜ 
ืคึฟืึทืจ ืฆืจื•ืช ืื•ืŸ ืคึฟืึทืจ ื”ื•ื ื’ืขืจ ื˜ื•ื™ื“ื˜-ืงืจืื ืง, ืกื™ืžืข ืื™ื– ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ืœืึทื ื’ 
ื’ืขืฉื˜ืึธืจื‘ืขืŸ (ืกืข ืฉืคึผื™ืขืœื˜ ืึท ื’ืจื•ื™ืกืข ืจืึธืœืข, ื˜ืึธืžืขืจ ืฉื˜ืึทืจื‘ื˜ ืึท 
ืื™ื“ื™ื ืข ืื™ืŸ ืึท ืจืึธืžืึทืŸ !), ืึทืœืข ื“ืจื™ื™ ืฉื•ื•ืขืกื˜ืขืจ, ืคึผืขืกื™ืœ ืื•ืŸ ืกืึธืกื™ืค 
ืื•ืŸ ื‘ืจื›ื”'ืฆื™, ืฉื˜ืขื”ืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื™ ืงื ื™ื”ืขืก ื‘ื™ื™'ื ื˜ืื˜ืขื 'ื ื‘ืขื˜ ืื•ืŸ 
ื ื™ืกืขืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ื˜ืจืขืจืขืŸ, ืื•ืŸ ืคื™ื™ื’ื”ื™ืœืื” ื“ื™ ืืœืžื ื” ื‘ืจืขื›ื˜ ื“ื™ ื”ืขื ืฃ 
ืื•ืŸ ื‘ืขื•ื•ื™ื™ื ื˜ ืื™ื”ืจ ืžื™ื ืฆื™'ืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ื–ื•ื“ื™ื ืข ื˜ืจืขืจืขืŸ. 

--- ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ื‘ืืœืจื“ ืึท ื™ืึธื”ืจ -- ืจื•ืคื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืึถืŸ ืฆื• ืื™ื”ืจ ื™ืฉืจื? 
ืžื™ื˜ ื–ืขื”ืจ ืึท ืฉืฐืึทื›ืขืจ ืฉื˜ื™ืžืข -- ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ื‘ืึทืœื“ ื ื™ืึถื”ืจ ื–ื™ื ื˜ ืื•ื " 
ื–ืขืจืข ืœื™ืขื‘ืข ืงื™ื ื“ืขืจ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืคืึทืจืฉื•ื•ืื•ื ื“ืขืŸ ื’ืขืฐืึธืจืขืŸ, ืื•ืŸ ืžื™ืจ ื”ืข- 
ืจืขืŸ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืฆื• ื•ื•ื™ื™ื ืขืŸ. ืžื™ื™ืŸ ืกื™ืžืข ื ืขื‘ืึทืš ืื™ื– ื’ืขืฉื˜ืึธืจื‘ืขืŸ ; 
ืื™ืš ืฉื˜ืึทืจื‘ ืึทืฐืขืง ืื•ืŸ ืœืึทื–ื“ืื™ื‘ืขืจ ืžื™ื™ื ืข ื“ืจื™ื™ ื˜ืขื›ื˜ืขืจ, ื•ื™ ืื•ื™ื'ืฅืŸ 
ืฐืึทืกืขืจ. ืฐืึธืก ืฐื•ืขื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื–ื™ ? ื’ืฐืึทืœื“, ื ืึธื˜ืขื ื™, ืฐืึธืก ืฉื•ื•ื™ื™ื’ืกื˜ 
ื“ื• ?! 

ืคึผืœื•ืฆื™ื ืขืคืขื ื˜ ื–ื™ืš ื“ื™ ื˜ื”ื™ืจ, ืื•ืŸ ืขืก ืžืึทืœืขืŸ ืืจื™ื™ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืฉื˜ื•ื‘ 
ืึทืจื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ื’ื™ืžื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืคึผืจืขื–ื™ื“ืขื ื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ืคืจืึทื ืงืจื™ื™ืš ืื•ืŸ ืžื™ื ืฆื™ ื“ื™ ืคึผืจื™ืŸ" 
ืฆืขืกื•ืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ืคืึทื ื“ืึธืŸ, ืึธื ื’ืขื˜ื”ืึธืŸ ื‘ื ื“ื™ื“ืžืœื›ื•ืช, 

--- ืœื™ืขื‘ืขืจ ืคืึธื˜ืขืจ 1 

--- ืœื™ืขื‘ืข ืžื•ื˜ืขืจ ! 

--- ืœื™ืขื‘ืขืจ ื‘ืจื•ื“ืขืจ ! 

-- ืœื™ืขื‘ืข ืฉื•ื•ืขืกื˜ืขืจ 1 

--- ื˜ื”ื™ื™ืขืจืข ื˜ืึธื›ื˜ืขืจ ! 


80 ืฉืœื•ืื™ืขืœื™ื‘! 


--- ื•ื•ึนืื• ื–ืขื ื˜ ืื™ื”ืจ ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ืึทื–ืฑ ืคืึทื ื’ 3 

--- ืื™ืŸ ืคึผืึทืจื™ื– ืื•ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืœืึทื ื“ืึธืŸ. 

--- ืฐืึธืก ืื™ื– ื‘ื™ื™ ืื™ื™ืš ื“ืึธืจื˜ืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ื–ืขืง ืื•ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ื˜ืฉืขื™ 
ืžืึธื“ืึทื ืงืขืก ? | 

--- ื ืึธืœื“ ! ืกืืžืข ืื™ืžืคึผืจื™ืึทืœืขืŸ ! ื“ืึธืก ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ ืžื™ืจ ืึทื™ื™ืš ื’ืข" 
ื‘ืจืึทื›ื˜ ื˜ ืžืชื ื—... ื™ืึธ, ืื™ื”ืจ ื•ื•ื™ื™ืกื˜, ืึทื– ืื•ื ื– ืงื•ืžื˜ ืžื–ืœ-ื˜ื•ื‘ ? 

--- ืฐืึธืก ืื™ื– ื“ืขืŸ ? 

--- ืžื™ืจ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื“ืึธืš ื—ืชืŸ-ื›ืœื— ! 

--- ืื•ื™ื‘ ืึทื–ืฑ, ืงื•ืžื˜ ื“ืึธืš ืื•ื ื– ืึทืœืขืžืขืŸ ืžื–ืœ-ื˜ื•ื‘ ! 

--- ืžื–ืœ-ื˜ื•ื‘ ! ืžื–ืœ-ื˜ื•ื‘ ! ืžื–ืœ-ื˜ื•ื‘ !!! 


6 9 9 6 ืก ืก 9 ื˜ 9 ื˜ 9 9 9 9 0 6 


ืึทื–ืฑ ืฐืึธืœื˜ ืื™ืš ื’ืขื˜ื—ืึธืŸ, ื•ื•ืขืŸ ืื™ืš ื–ืึธืœ ืฉืจื™ื™ื‘ืขืŸ ื ื ืึทื˜ื™ืจ-ื™ 
ืœ?ื™ื›ืขืŸ ,ื”ืขื›ืกื˜ืื™ื ื˜ืขืจืขืกืึทื ื˜ืขืŸ ืจืึธืžืึทืŸ". ื ืึธืจ ืื™ืš ื“ืขืจืฆืขื”ืœ 
ื ืœืื˜ ืึท ืžืขืฉื” ืคื•ืŸ ืึตื™ื™ืŸ ืึธืจืขื-ื‘ื—ื•ืจ, ื•ืืก ื”ืึธื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืึทืฐืขืงื’ืขืœืึธื•ื˜ 
ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืคึผืึทืจื™ื– ืื•ืŸ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืœืึธื ื“ืึธืŸ, ื ืึธืจ ื’ืœืึธื˜ ืึทื–ืฑ ืื™ืŸ ืึท ื’ืจืฑื™ื“ 
ืคึผืขืจ ืฉื˜ืึธื“ื˜ ืึทืจื™ื™ืŸ ื–ื™ืš ื›ืขืจื ืขืŸ, --- ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ ืžื™ืจ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื ื•ื™ื˜ื™ื’ ืื•ื™ืกืฆื•- 
ื˜ืจืึทื›ื˜ืขืŸ ืคื•ื 'ื ืงืึธืคึผ ื ืกื™ื ื•ื ืคืœืื•ืช, ืฐืึธืก ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื’ืขืฉื˜ื•ื™ื’ืขืŸ ื ื™ืฉื˜ 
ื’ืขืคืœื•ื™ื ืขืŸ, ืื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจืฆืขื”ืœืขืŸ ื‘ืขืกืขืจ ื“ื™ ืžืขืฉื” ืฐืึธืก ืื™ื– ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ. 


ื”. 


ื“ื“ื™ื™ ื™ืึธื”ืจ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืื™ื‘ืขืจื’ืขื ืึทื ื’ืขืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื™ืขื ืขื ื’ืœื™ืงืœื™ื›ืขืŸ ืคึผืกื—, 
ืฐืึธืก ืžื™ืจ ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ ื‘ืขืฉืจื™ื‘ืขืŸ. ืึท ืกืš ืฐืึทืกืขืจืขืŸ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืึธืคึผื’ืขืœืึธืคืขืŸ, 
ื ืกืš ืฆืจื•ืช ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืืฑืกื’ืขืฉื˜ืึทื ืขืŸ ื™ืฉืจื? ื“ืขืจ ืฉืžืฉ ื“ืึธ ืื•ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ 
ื–ื•ื”ืŸ ื‘ื ื™ืžื™ืŸ ื“ืึธืจื˜ืขืŸ; ืึท ืกืš ื ืขื›ื˜ ืื™ื– ื ื™ื˜ ื’ืขืฉืœืึธืคืขืŸ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื“ืขืจ 
ืฉืžืฉ ื“ื ืื•ืŸ ื‘ื ื™ืžื™ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื–ื•ื—ืŸ ื“ืึธืจื˜ืขืŸ ; ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื“ืขืจ ืฉืžืฉ ืื™ื– 
ื ื™ื˜ ื’ืขืฉืœืึธืžืขืŸ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ื ืขื›ื˜, ื•ื•ื™ื™? ืขืจ ื”ืึธื˜ ืื™ื‘ืขืจื’ืขื˜ืจืึทื›ื˜ ืื•ืŸ ื’ืข" 
ื”ืึธื˜ ื™ืคื•ืจื™ื ืคื•ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ื ื™ืžื™ื 'ืขืŸ, ืฐืึธืก ืขืจ ื”ืึธืจืขืฐืขื˜ ื ืขื‘ื˜ืš ืึทื–ืฑ 


ืึท ,ื•ื™ื’ืจื™ืฉื ืข ื‘ื™ืœื•ืขืื˜" 81 


ืฉื˜ืึทืจืง, ืื•ืŸ ื‘ื ื™ืžื™ืŸ ืื™ื– ื ื™ื˜ ื’ืขืฉืœืึธืคืขืŸ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ื ืขื›ื˜, ื•ื•ื™ื™? ืขืจ ื”ืึธื˜ 
ื–ื™ืš ื’ืขื’ืจื™ื™ื˜ ืฆื•ื ืขืงื•ืืžืขืŸ. 

,ื’ืึธื˜ ื–ืึธืœ ืžื™ืจ ื”ืขืœืคืขืŸ, ืื™ืš ื–ืึธืœ ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ืึทืจื™ื‘ืขืจืฉืคึผืจื™ื ื’ืขืŸ ื“ืขื 
ืขืงื–ืึทืžืขืŸ, --- ืึทื–ืฑ ื”ืึธื˜ ื‘ื ื™ืžื™ืŸ ื’ืขืฉืจื™ื ืขืŸ ืึทื”ื™ื™ื --- ืฐื•ืขืœ ืื™ืš ื“ืข" 
ืžืึธืœื˜ ืกื•ืžืขืŸ ืฆื• ืคืึธื—ืจืขืŸ ืฆื• ืื™ื™ืš, ืžื™ื™ื ืข ืœื™ืขื‘ืข ืื•ืŸ ื’ืขื˜ื“ื™ื™ืข, ืื•ื™ืฃ 
ื ื’ืึทื ืฆืขืŸ ื–ื•ืžืขืจ ื–ื™ืš ืื•ื™ื˜ืจื•ื—ืขืŸ ื“ื™ ื‘ื™ื™ื ืขืจ !".. 

ืื•ืŸ ื™ืฉืจื? ื“ืขืจ ืฉืžืฉ ื”ืึธื˜ ืืจื•ื™ืกื’ืขืงื•ืกื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ืขืจ ื’ื•ื˜ืขืจ 
ื›ืฉื•ืจื— ืคื•ื 'ื {ืึทืงื–ืืžืขื ื˜/, ื•ื™ ืžืข ืงื•ืงื˜ ืึทืจืฑืก ืื•ื™ืฃ ืžืฉื™ื—'. 
ืื™ื”ื ื—ืึธื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืคืึธืจื’ืขืฉื˜ืขืœื˜, ืึทื– ื‘ื ื™ืžื™ืŸ ืงื•ืžื˜ ืฆื• ืคืึธื”ืจืขืŸ ื ืคืึทืš- 
ื˜ื™ื ืขืจ ื“ืึธืกื˜ืึธืจ, ื ื’ืจื•ื™ืกืขืจ ื“ืึธืงื˜ืึธืจ; ื“ื™ ื’ืื ืฆืข ืฉื˜ืึธืจื˜ ืคื™ืคื˜ 
ื–ื™ืš ืฆื•ื ื•ื™ืฃ ืึธื ืงื•ืงืขืŸ ,ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื“ืขื ืฉืžืฉ'ื ื“ืึธืงื˜ืึธืจ"; ืžืข ืฉืœืึธื ื˜ 
ืื™ื”ื ืืค ื“ื™ ื˜ื—ื™ืจืขืŸ, ื“ืขืจ ืžื™ื˜ ืื–ื ื‘ืกืฉื” ืื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืžื™ื ืฉื 
ื‘ืงืฉื” ; ืื™ื˜ืœื™ื›ืขืจ ื–ื•ื›ื˜ ื–ื™ืš ื ืฆื“; ืืคื™ืœ ื”ืขื ื–ืข? ื“ืขืจ ืื™ื - 
ื‘ื™ื ื“ืขืจ, ื˜ ืฉืœื™ื-ืžื–ืœ ืžื™ื˜ ืึท ืงืจื•ื ืคื™ืกืข?, --- ืึทื– ืขืจ ื’ืขื”ื˜ ืฉืคึผืจื™ื ื’ื˜ 
ืขืจ ืื•ื ื˜ืขืจ, -- ืื™ื– ืื•ื™ืš ื’ืขืกื•ืžืขืŸ ืฆื• ืฉืคึผืจื™ื ื ืขืŸ. 

--- ืฐืึธื˜ ื‘ื™ื ื˜ ื“ื• ื“ืึธ ืคืขืจ ื˜ ืจื‘ ืฉืžืขืœืงืข, ื”ื ? --- ืคืจืขื’ื˜ 
ืื™ื”ื ื™ืฉืจืืœ, 

ื”ืขื ื–ืข? ื“ืขืจ ืื™ื™ื ื‘ื™ื ื“ืขืจ, ื’ืขื ื•ื’ ืขืจ ื”ื™ื ืงื˜-ืื•ื ื˜ืขืจ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื ืคื•ื˜, 
ืจืขื“ื˜ ืขืจ ื ืึธืš ืฉืขืคึผื™ืœื™ื˜ื•ืข ืื•ื™ืš, ืงืึธืŸ ื ื™ื˜ ืื•ื™ืคืจืขื“ืขืŸ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืจื™"ืฉ, 

== ืกื˜ื™ื™ื˜ืฉ, ื™ื‘ ื™ืฉื™ืืœ, ืื™ืš ื‘ื™ืŸ ื“ืึธืš ืื™ื™ืขื™ืขื™ ืึตื™ื™ืŸ ืื™ื™ื ืขื ืขื™ 
ืงื™ื•ื‘. 

--- ืฐืึธืก ืคืฉืจ ืึท ืงืจื•ื‘ ื‘ื™ื•ื˜ ื“ื•? -- ืคืจืขื ื˜ ืื™ื”ื ื™ืฉืจืืค, 
ื”ืึธื˜ืฉ ืขืจ ื•ื•ื™ื™ืกื˜ ื’ื˜ื ืฅ ื’ื•ื˜, ืื– ืขืจ ืื™ื– ื ืกืงืจื•ื‘, ืืคื™ืœ ื ื•ื™ื™ื˜- 
ืงื™ื›ืขืจ, ื ืึธืจ ืคืืจื˜ ื ืงืจื•ื‘. 

--- ืžื™ื™ืŸ ืขืœื˜ืขื™-ืคืขื˜ืขื™ ื•ืื•ื‘ืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืึทื™ื™ืขื™ ืกื™ืžืข'ื˜ ืžื•ื”ืžืข ื™ื™ื–ืขืค 
ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ืื™ื™ื’ืขื ืข ืฉื•ื•ืขืกื˜ืขื™ ืื•ืŸ ื‘ื™ืจืขื™, 

--- ืื•ื“ืื™ ืงืขื”ืจืกื˜ ื“ื• ื–ื™ืš ืึธืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ืžื™ื™ืŸ ื–ื•ื—ืŸ ื ืกื ืขืคึผืขืคืŸ --- 
ื–ืึธื’ื˜ ืฆื•ึน ืื™ื—ื ื™ืฉืจืืœ. ื ืึธืจ ื”ืขื ื–ืข? ื“ืขืจ ืื™ื™ื ื‘ื™ื ื“ืขืจ ืžืื›ื˜ 6 
ืงืจื•ื ืคึผื ื™ื, ืึทื– ืขืจ ื”ืึธื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืื™ื—ื ืจื—ืžื ื•ืช ืื•ืŸ ืœืึธื–ื˜ ืื™ื”ื ืฆื•. 


88 ืฉืœื•ื"ืขืœื•ืžื 


-- ื ื•ึน? -- ืคืจืขื ื˜ ืื™ื”ื 'ืฉื•ื? ื‘ื™ื™'ื ืึทืจื•ื™ืกื’ืขื—ืŸ ืคื•ืŸ 
ื‘ื ื™ืžื™ื 'ืขืŸ. --- ืฐืึธืก ื”ืขืจื˜ ื–ื™ืš, ืฉืœื™ื-ืžื–ืœ ? 

-- ื”ื•ื ื“ืขื™ื˜ ืื•ืŸ ืฆื•ืึทื ืฆื™ื’ ื™ืึธื—ื™ ื–ืึธืœื˜ ืื™ื”ื™ ืœืขื‘ืขืŸ } --- ืขื ื˜- 
ืคืขืจื˜ ืื™ื”ื ื”ืขื ื–ืขืœ, ื—ืึทืœื˜ 8 ื–ืฉืžืขื ืข ืžื™ื˜ ื ืึธืœื“, ืฉืคึผืจื™ื ื ื˜ ืื•ื™ื'} 
ืคื™ืกืข? ืื•ืŸ ื“ืึธืก ืคึผื ื™ื ืคืœืึทืžื˜ ืื™ื”ื ืื•ืŸ ืฉื•ื•ื™ืฆื˜ ืึทื–ืฉ. 

-- ื“ื™ ืžืฉืคึผื—ื— ื“ื™ื™ื ืข! -- ื–ืึธื ื˜ ื™ืฉืจื? ืฆื• ืกื™ืžืขืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ืึท 
ืฉื˜ืึธืš ืื•ืŸ ื‘ืขื•ื•ื™ื™ื–ื˜ ืื™ื”ืจ ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ ืื•ื™ื ืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืค'ืŸ ืฉืœื™ื-ืžื•ืœ ื”ืขื " 
ื–ืข? ื“ืขื ืึทื™ื™ื ื‘ื™ื ื“ืขืจ. 

-- ื ืขื‘ืืš ื ื’ืจื•ื™ืกืขืจ ืื‘ื™ื•ืŸ } --- ืคืขืจืขื ื˜ืคืขืจื˜ ืื™ื—ื ืกื™ืžืข: 

--- ื“ืขืจื™ืžืืš ืื™ื– ืฐืึธืกืก4 ืงืึทืจื’ ืึธืจืขืžืข ืœื™ื™ื˜ ืคืึทืจื”ืืŸ ืื™ืŸ 
ืฉื˜ืึธื“ื˜ ... --- ืึทื–ืฑ ื–ืึธื’ื˜ ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ื ืึธืจ ืžื™ื™ื ืขืŸ ืžื™ื™ื ื˜ ืขืจ ืขืคึผื™ืก 
ืึทื ื“ืขืจืฉ ; ืขืจ ื”ืึธื˜ ืžื•ืจื, ืึทื– ืžืข ืฐื•ืขื˜ ืึทื–ืฑ ืฉืœืขืคึผืขืŸ ื‘ื™ื™ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื–ื•ื—ืŸ 
ื›ืกื“ืจ, ืฐื•ืขื˜ ืžืขืŸ ืื™ื”ื ืžืึทื›ืขืŸ ืคืึทืจ ืึท ืงื‘ืฆืŸ, 

-- ื’ืขื ื•ื’ } -- ื–ืึธื ื˜ ื™ืฉืจื? ืื•ืŸ ืฉืœื™ืกื˜ ืฆื• ื“ื™ ื˜ื—ื™ืจ. --- ื’ืขื ื•ื’ 
ืึทื™ื™ืš ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ืฆื• ื’ืขื”ืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ-ืื•ืึธืคึผ! ืคึฟืึธื–ื˜ ืื™ื”ื ืึธืคึผืจื•ื”ืขืŸ ื–ื™ืš ื—ืึธื˜ืฉ 
ืึท ื‘ื™ืกืขืœ ืคื•ื 'ื ื•ื•ืขื  1... 

ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื“ืขืจ ืฉืžืฉ ืื™ื– ืื™ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ื ืข ?ื•ืžื˜ื™ื ืข ื’ื™ืœื“ืขื ืข ืžื”ืฉื‘ื•ืช 
ืคึผืขืจื’ืึทื ื’ืขืŸ ืึทื–ืฑ ื•ื•ื™ื™ื˜, ืื– ืขืจ ื”ืึธื˜ ืึธื ื’ืขื”ื•ื™ื‘ืขืŸ ืžืึทื ืงื™ืจืขืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ื“ืขืจ 
ืฉื˜ืขืœืข }; ืก'ืื™ื– ืื™ื”ื ื ืžืืก ื’ืขืฐืึธืจืขืŸ ื“ืึธืก ืฉืžืฉื•ืช, ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืื™ื˜ืœื™ื›ืขืŸ - 
ืึท ืžืฉืจืช, ืื•ื™ืกืฉื˜ืขื”ืŸ ื™ืขื“ืขื 'ืก ืงืึทืคึผืจื™ื–, ื˜ืจืึทื ืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืค'ืŸ ืงืึธืึผ ืื™ื˜- 
ืœื™ื›ืขื 'ืค ื™ืึธื—ืจ-ืฆื™ื™ื˜, ื—ื ืคื”'ื ืขืŸ ืื™ื˜ืœื™ื›ืขืŸ ื‘ืขื–ื•ื ื“ืขืจ, ื™ื•ืฆื ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืคืึทืจ, 
ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืขื™ืŸ-ื—ืจืข, ืึทื–ืึท ืขื•ืœื ืžื™ื˜ ืื™ืจืขืŸ, ืฐืึธืก ืึทืœืข ื•ื•ื™ืœืขืŸ ื“ื•ืงื ื“ืขื 
ืื•ื™ื‘ืขืŸ-ืึธืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืžื–ืจื—, ืึทืœืข ื•ื•ื™ืœืขืŸ ื“ื•ืงื ืฉื™ืฉื™, ืืœืข ื•ื•ื™ืœืขืŸ ื“ื•ืงื ื“ืขื 
ืขืจืฉื˜ืขืŸ ืคึผืกื•ืง ืคื•ืŸ ,ืืชื—-ื—ืจืื™ืช" ! ืื•ืŸ ืึทื– ื“ื™ ื ื‘ึผืื™ื ืฆื•ื•ื™ืฉืขืŸ ื–ื™ืš 
ืงืจื™ืขื’ืขืŸ ื–ื™ืš, ืื™ื– ืฐืขืจ ื“ืึธืก ื›ืคึผืจืช-ื—ื™ื—ื ื“ืขืœ?? ื“ืขืจ ืฉืžืฉ!. ืึทื• 
ืฆื•ื•ื™ื™ ื ื’ื™ื“ื™ืช'ื˜ืขืก ืื™ืŸ ืฉื•ื”? ืฆืขืึทืžืคึผืขืจืขืŸ ื–ื™ืš ืื™ื‘ืขืจ'ืŸ ืืชืจื•ื , ืฐื•ืึธืก 
ื˜ืข ื”ืึธื˜ ืฆื• ืื™ื™ื ืขืจ ื ืขืฉื™ืงื˜ ื˜ืจื™ื—ืขืจ ื•ื™ ืฆื• ื“ืขืจ ืึทื ื“ืขืจืขืจ, ืื™ื•ึผ 
ื•ื•ืขืžืขืŸ ืคืœื™ื”ื˜ ื“ืขืžืึธืœื˜ ืื™ืŸ ื˜ืึทื˜ืขืŸ ืึทืจื™ื™ืŸ ? --- ื“ืขื ืฉืžืฉ ! ืฐืขืจ 
ื”ืึธืจืขื•ื•ืขื˜ ืžืขื—ืจ ืคื•ืŸ ืึทืœึถืข 4 ื•ื•ืขืจ ืงื•ืžื˜ ืึทื—ื™ื™ื ืฉื‘ืช ืื•ืŸ ื™ื•ื-ื˜ื•ื‘ึผ 
ืฉืคึผืขื˜ืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ืึทืœืขืžืขืŸ ? ื•ื•ืขืจ ื–ืขืฆื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืฆื•ื ื˜ื™ืฉ ื“ืขืžืึธืœื˜, ื•ื•ืขืŸ ืึทืœืข 


ืึท , ื•ื•ื™ื’ืจื™ืฉื ืข ื‘ื™ืœื•ืขื" () 


ืฉืœืึธืคืขืŸ ืฉื•ื™ืŸ 4 ืืœืฅ ื“ืขืจ ืฉืžืฉ -- ืื– ืึถืšึฐ ืื•ืŸ. ื•ื•ืขื— ืื™ืŸ ืื™ื—ื ! 
ืื•ืŸ ื˜ืึธืžืขืจ ื•ื•ื™ื™ืกื˜ ืื™ื”ืจ, ื•ืึธืก ื”ืึธื˜ ืขืจ ื“ืขืจืคื•ืŸ ? ืฆืจื•ืช ื”ืึธื˜ ืขืจ 
ื“ืขืจืคื•ืŸ, ืžื™ื˜ ืขื’ืžืช-ื ืคืฉ, ืžื™ื™ื ืข ืฉื•ื ืื™ื, ืžื™ื˜ ื‘ื–ื™ื•ื ื•ืช, ืžื™ื˜ ื’ืจื™ื–ื- 
ื˜ืข, ืึทื– ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืฉื›ื™ืจื•ืช ื ืขืžื˜ ืขืจ ื ื™ื˜, ื‘ืœื™ื™ื‘ื˜ ื ืึธืจ ื“ื™ ื”ื›ื ืกื”, ืจืึธืก 
ืฐืึธืก ืขืก ืžืึทื›ื˜ืŸ; ืื™ื– ื•ื™ ื‘ืึทืœื“ ืขืก ืžืึทื›ื˜ ื–ื™ืš, ืžืึทื›ื˜ ื“ืึธืก, ืื•ืŸ 
ืึทื– ืขืก ืžืึทื›ื˜ ื–ื™ืš ื ื™ื˜, ืžืึทื›ื˜ ื“ืึธืก ืžื›ื•ืช... 

-- ื™ืฉืจืืœ! ื•ื•ืขืกื˜ ืžื•ื—? ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื ืœื•ื™ืฃ ื˜ื”ื•ืŸ ืฆื• ืžื™ืจ ืื”ื™ื™ื --- 
ืื–ื•ื™ ื”ืึธื˜ ืื™ื—ื ืื™ืŸ ื™ืขื ืขืจ ืฆื™ื™ื˜ ื ื–ืึธื’ ื’ืขื˜ื”ืึธืŸ ืื™ื™ื ืžืึธืœ ืจื‘ ื”ืขืจืฉ 
ื“ืขืจ ื ื’ื™ื“ ืื•ึนืŸ ื”ืึธื˜ ื–ื™ืš ื‘ืฉืขืช ืžืขืฉื” ื’ืขื ืœืขื˜ ื“ืึธืก ื‘ื™ื™ื›ืขืœ ืื•ืŸ ื’ืข- 
ื’ืขื‘ืขืŸ ืึทืœืข ืžืึธืœ ื ืฆื•ื•ื™ื™ืขื ื“ื™ื’ ื”ื•ืกื˜ืขืง. --- ื˜ื”ื• ืึท ืฉืคึผืจื•ื ื’ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืื™ื™ืŸ 
ืคื•ืก ืฆื• ืžื™ืจ ืึทื”ื™ื™ื, ื–ื™ื™ ืžื•ื—?, ืื•ืŸ ื”ืž... โ€ ื”ื... ื–ืึธื’ ืžื™ื™ืŸ ืฉืจื”', ืึทื– 
ื‘ื™ื™ ืžื™ืจ ืื•ื ื˜ืขืจืฅ ืงื™ืฉืขืŸ ื—ื... ื”ื... ื”ืึธื‘ ืื™ืš ืื™ื‘ืขืจื’ืขืœืึธื–ื˜ ืจื™ึผ 
ืฉืœื™ืกืขืœืขืš ; ื˜ืึทืžืขืจ ืฐืขื˜ ื–ื™ ื–ื™ื™ ื–ื•ื›ืขืŸ, ื–ืืœ ื–ื™ ื•ื•ื™ืกืขืŸ ื”ื... ื—ืž.. 
ื•ื•ืื• ื–ื™ื™ ืฆื•ึน ื–ื•ื›ืขืŸ, 

ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื“ืขืจ ืฉืžืฉ ืื™ื– ื’ืขืฐืึธื”ื ื˜ ื’ืขืฐืึธืจืขืŸ ืฉื˜ืขื”ืŸ ืคืึทืจ ืจื‘ 
ื”ืขืจืฉ ื“ืขื ื ื’ื™ื“, ื•ื™ ืึท ืกืึธืœื“ืึทื˜ ืคืึทืจ ื ื’ืขื ืขืจืืœ, ืื•ืŸ ืื™ื™ื“ืขืจ ืขืจ 
ืœืึธื–ื˜-ืืจื•ื™ืก ื“ืึธืก ืฐืึธืจื˜ , ื’ืขื”", ืœื•ื™ืคื˜ ืขืจ ืฉื•ื™ืŸ; ื ืึธืจ ืื™ืฆื˜ื™ื ืก 
ืžืึธืœ ื”ืึธื˜ ื–ื™ืš ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืขืคึผื™ืก ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืึทื–ืฑ ื’ืขื—ืึทืคึผื˜ ืื•ืŸ ื”ืึธื˜ ื’ืขืžื•ืจ- 
ืงืขื˜ ืื•ื ื˜ืขืจ ื“ืขืจ ื ืึธืŸ : 

--- ืฉืœื™ืกืขืœืขืš... ื˜ืึทื˜ืขื 'ืก ืžืฉืจืช... ืœืึธื– ืžืขืŸ ื’ืขื”ืŸ, ืึทื– ืžืข 
ื“ืึทืจืฃ... ืึทื‘ื™ ื˜ืจื™ื™ื‘ืขืŸ ื™ืขื ืขื ื•ื™ ืึท ื”ื•ื ื˜.. 

--- ื•ื•ืึธืก ืžื•ืจืงืขืกื˜ ื“ื•? --- ืคืจืขื’ื˜ ืื™ื”ื ืจื‘ ื”ืขืจืฉ ื“ืขืจ 
ื ื’ื™ืจ, ืฐืึธืก ืื™ื– ื ื™ื ื’ืขืฐืึธื”ื ื˜ ื’ืขืฐืืจืขืŸ ืฆื• ืึทื–ืขืœื›ืข ื–ืึทื›ืขืŸ. 

--- ื•ื•ืขืจ ืžื•ืจืงืขื˜ ื•ื•ืขืจ ? ืื™ืš ืžื•ืจืงืข ื“ืขืŸ? ื’ืœืึทื˜ ืื™ืš ื–ืึธื’, 
ืœืึธื– ืžืขืŸ ื ืขื”ืŸ, ืึทื– ืžืข ื“ืึทืจืฃ... ื“ืึธืก ื”ื™ื™ืกื˜, ืื™ืš ื’ืขื”, ืื˜ื ื’ืขื” 
ืื™ืš,,,. ืึดื˜ื... 

ื™ืฉืจื? ืœืึธื–ื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืœื•ื™ืคืขืŸ ืžื›ื— ื“ื™ ืฉืœื™ืกืขืœืขืš ืื•ืŸ ืฉืขืœื˜ ื‘ืฉืขืช 
ืžืขืฉื— ืจื‘ ื”ืขืจืฉ ื“ืขื ื ื’ื™ื“ ืžื™ื˜ ืึทืœืข ื ื ื™ื“ื™ื, ื–ื™ื™ ื–ืึธืœืขืŸ ื’ืขื”ืŸ ื›ืฃ- 
ื—ืงืœืข. ืœืึธื– ื ืึธืจ ื’ืึธื˜ ื”ืขืœืคืขืŸ ื–ื•ืžืขืจ, ืึทื– ืก'ื•ื•ืขื˜ ืงื•ืžืขืŸ ืฆื• ืคืึธื”ืจืขืŸ 
ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื–ื•ื—ืŸ --- ืฉืœืึทื ื˜ ืขืจ ืžื™ื˜ ื–ื™ื™ ืึทืœืขืžืขืŸ ื›ืคึผืจื•ื— ! 


9 5 
ืฉืืจ ืขื™ื™ืจ 


ืฉืœื•ืื™ืขืœื™ื›ื ืค. /11/) ื 2 


ืฉืœื•ื-ืขืœื•ื›ื 


2 


ื” 


ื ืึธื˜ ื”ืึธื˜ ื’ืขื”ืึธืœืคืขืŸ, ื“ืขืจ ื–ื•ืžืขืจ ืื™ื– ื’ืขืงื•ืžืขืŸ, ื ืึธืจ ื‘ื ื™ืžื™ืŸ 
ืื™ืŸ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื ืขืงื•ืžืขืŸ. ืื•ืŸ ื‘ืจื™ืขืฃ ื”ืึธื˜ ืขืจ ืื•ื™ืš ืึธื ื’ืขื”ื•ื™ื‘ืขืŸ ืฉื™ืงืขืŸ 
ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืึทื–ืฑ ืึธืคึผื˜, ืฐื™ ืคืจื™ื”ืขืจ, ืื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื‘ืจื™ืขืฃ ืึทืœื™ื™ืŸ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืขืคึผื™ืก ืื•ึนื™ืš 
ื ืขืฐืึธืจืขืŸ ืฐืึธืก ื•ื•ื™ื™ื˜ืขืจ ืื™ ืงื™ืจืฆืขืจ, ืื™ ืื•ืžืขื˜ื™ื’ืขืจ. ืขืจ ื”ืึธื˜ ื ืึธืš 
ืžื•ื“ื™ืข ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ, ืึทื– ื“ืขืžืืœื˜ ืื•ืŸ ื“ืขืžืึธืœื˜ ื‘ืขื“ืึทืจืฃ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ื™ ืื™ื”ื ื˜ึทื–ื 
ืื•ืŸ ืึทื–ื ืขืงื–ืืžืขืŸ, | 

, ื“ืขืจ ื“ืึธื–ื™ื ืขืจ ืขืงื–ืึทืžืขืŸ -- ืึทื–ืฑ ื”ืึธื˜ ื’ืขืฉืจื™ื‘ืขืŸ ื‘ื ื™ืžื™ืŸ ืื™ืŸ 
ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืœืขืฆื˜ืขืŸ ื‘ืจื™ืขืฃ --- ื“ืึธืก ืื™ื– ื‘ื™ื™ ืžื™ืจ ื“ืขืจ ื™ื•ื"ื—ื“ื™ืŸ, ืฐืึธืจื•ื ื˜ืึธ- 
ืžืขืจ ืคืขื”ืœื˜ ืžื™ืจ, ื—ืก ื•ืฉืœื•ื, ืื™ื™ืŸ ื–ืขื›ืฆืขื”ื ื˜ืขืœ, ืฐืขืœ ืื™ืš ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืงืึธ- 
ื ืขืŸ ืึทืจื™ื™ืŸ, ืื•ืŸ ืึทื– ืื™ืš ืฐื•ืข? ื ื™ื˜ ืึทืจื™ืŸ ืื™ืฆื˜, ืฐืขืœ ืื™ืš ืžื•ื–ืขืŸ ื‘ืœื™ื™" 
ื‘ืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืื™ื‘ืขืจ-ื-ื™ืึธื”ืจ, ืื•ืŸ ื•ื•ืขืจ ื•ื•ื™ื™ืกื˜, ืฐืึธืก ืฐืขื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืื™ื‘ืขืจ" 
ืึทื“ื™ืึธื”ืจ, ื˜ืึธืžืขืจ ืื™ื– ืื™ื‘ืขืจ-ืึท-ื™ืึธื”ืจ ื ืึธืš ืขืจื’ืขืจ ? ืฐืึธืก ื–ืฉืข ืขืœ 
ืื™ืš ื“ืขืžืึธืœื˜ ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ? ืฐืึธืก ืฐืขื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื•ื•ื™ื™ื˜ืขืจ ? ืื•ื™ืฃ ืฐืึธืก ื”ืึธื‘ 
ืื™ืš ื‘ืขื“ืึทืจืคื˜ ืึทื–ืฑ ืคื™ืข? ื”ืึธืจืขื•ื•ืขืŸ, ืคึผืขืจืฉืฐื•ืึทืจืฆื˜ ืขืจืข ? ืึทื•ื™ 
ืคื™ืขืœ ืœืขืจื ืขืŸ, ื—ื–ืจ'ืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืื•ื™ืกื•ื•ืขื ื™ื’, ื—ื•ื ื’ืขืจืขืŸ ื’ืึทื ืฆืข ื˜ืขื’, ื ื™ื 
ืฉืœืึธืคืขืŸ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ื ืขื›ื˜ ืื•ืŸ ืคืจื™ื—ืจืขืŸ, ื•ื™ ืึท ื—ื•ื ื“}! ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืื™ืš ืึทืœื™ืŸ 
ืคืจืขื’ ื“ื™ ื“ืึธื–ื™ื’ืข ืงืฉื‚ื™ื --- ืขืก ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื“ืึธ ื ืึธืš ืึท ืกืš ืึทื–ืขืœื›ืข, ืฐืึธืก 
ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืคืขืจื‘ืœื™ื‘ืขืŸ ื ืึธืš ืคื•ืŸ ืคืึทืจ-ืึทื“ื™ืึธื”ืจืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืงืึทื ืขืŸ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืึทืจืฒืŸ, 
ื•ื•ื™ื™? ืกืข ืคืขื”ืœื˜ ื–ื™ื™ ืฆื• ื“ืขืจ ื ืึธืจืžืข, ืื•ืŸ ืึธื˜ ืฉืคึผืจื™ื ื’ื˜-ืื•ื ื˜ืขืจ ื“ืขืจ 
ืคื“ื™ื–ื™ื•ื•, ืื•ืŸ ืื•ื™ืค'ืŸ ืขืงื–ืึทืžืขืŸ ืฉื ื™ื™ืจื˜ ืžืขืŸ --- ืก'ืื™ื– ืฉืœืขื›ื˜!.. 
ื‘ื™ื˜ืขืจ ืื•ืŸ ืคื™ื ืกื˜ืขืจ !"... | 

ื™ืฉืจื? ื“ืขืจ ืฉืžืฉ ืื™ื– ืืจื•ืžื’ืขื’ืึทื ื ืขืŸ ืึถื”ืŸ ื ืงืึธืคึผ. ืขืจ ื”ืึธื˜ 
ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื’ืขืงืึทื ื˜ ืคืขืจืฉื˜ืขื—ืŸ, ืคืึทืจ ืฐืึธืก ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืขืคึผื™ืก ื‘ื ื™ืžื™ื 'ืก ื‘ืจื™ื•ื•- 
ืœืขืš ื’ืขืฐืึธืจืขืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ื ืžืึธืœ ืึทื–ืฑ ืื•ืžืขื˜ื™ื’?! ืขืจ ื”ืื˜ ื’ืขื‘ืขื˜ืขืŸ 
ื™ืจื—ืžื™ืืœ-ืžืฉื” ื“ืขื ืžืœืžื“, ืขืจ ื–ืึธืœ ืฉืจื™ื™ื‘ืขืŸ ื‘ื ื™ืžื™ื 'ืขืŸ, ืฐืึธืก ืื™ื• 
ื“ืึธืก ืคืึทืจ ื ืึธืจืžืขืก, ืื•ืŸ ืฐืึธืก ื”ื™ื™ืกื˜ ,ืขืก ืคืขื”ืœื˜ ื ื–ืขื›ืฆืขื”ื ื˜ืขืœ" ? 
ืžืข ืžืขืกื˜ ื“ืขืŸ ื‘ื™ื™'ื ืขืงื–ืืžืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืš ืžื™ื˜ ื ืžืึธืก, ืึทื–ืฑ ืฐื™ ื‘ื™ื™'ื 
ื‘ึผืจื™ื–ื™ื•ื•  ?โ€ ืื•ืŸ ืฐืึธืก ื”ื™ื™ืกื˜ ,ืžืข ืฉื ื™ื™ื“ื˜ ื‘ื™ื™'ื ืขืงื–ืึทืžืขืŸ?? ืฐืขืจ 


8 ,ื–ื•ื™ื’ืจื•ืฉื ืข ื‘ื•ืœื•ืขืฃื" 28 


ืฉื ื™ื™ื“ื˜ ? ืคึฟืึทืจ ื•ื•ืขืก ืฉื ื™ื™ื“ื˜ ืžืขืŸ ?4 ื”2ืœืœ, ืขืจ ื–ืึธืœ ืื™ื”ื ืึทื•ื•ื™ืก" 
ืฉืจื™ื™ื‘ืขืŸ ืึทืœืกื“ื™ื ื’ ื‘ืืจื™ื›ื•ืช, ืื•ืŸ ื–ืึธืœ ื ืึธืจ ื ื™ื˜ ื–ืึธืจื ืขืŸ, ืขืจ ื–ืึธืœ ื–ื™ืš 
ืคืขืจืœืึธื–ืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ืขื ืฐืึธืก ืœืขื‘ื˜ ืื™ื™ื‘ื™ื’, ืขืจ ืงืึธืŸ ืึทืœืฅ, ืื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืขื™ืงืจ, 
ืขืจ ื–ืึธืœ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื ืื™ื“, ืฐื•ืขื˜ ืืœืกื“ื™ื ื’, ืื ื™ืจืฆื” ื”ืฉื, ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื ื•ึนื˜.., 

ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ืขื ื“ืึธื–ื™ื ืขืŸ ื‘ืจื™ืขืฃ ืื•ืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืึทืœืข ืื™ื‘ืขืจื™ื’ืข ื‘ืจื™ืขืฃ ื”ืึธื˜ 
ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ืึธื‘ืขืจ ื™ืฉืจื? ื“ืขืจ ืฉืžืฉ ืžืขื—ืจ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืขื ื˜ืคืขืจ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื‘ืขืงื•ืžืขืŸ. 
ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืื™ืŸ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื’ืขืฐืึธื—ื ื˜ ื’ืขืฐืึธืจืขืŸ, ืึทื– ืคื•ืŸ. ื‘ื ื™ืžื™ื 'ืขืŸ ื–ืึธืœ ืื–ื 
ืฆื™ื™ื˜ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ืจื™ืขืฃ ื ื™ื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ, ืขืจ ื”ืึธื˜ ืึทื–ืฑ ืœืึทื ื’ ืื™ื”ื ื’ืขืฉืจื™ื‘ืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ 
ื’ืขืฉืจื™ื‘ืขืŸ, ื‘ื™ื– ืขืจ ื”ืึธื˜ ืื•ื™ืคื ืขื”ืขืจื˜ ืฆื• ืฉืจื™ื™ื‘ืขืŸ. ืก ืื™ืŸ ืื™ื”ื ื’ื ืข" 
ื•ื•ืขืŸ ื ื‘ื–ื™ื•ืŸ ืคืืจ ื™ืจื—ืžื™ืืœ-ืžืฉื” ื“ืขื ืžืœืžื“... | 

--- ืฐืึธืก ืงืึธืŸ ืขืก ื–ื™ื™ืŸ, ืฐืึธืก ืก'ืื™ื– ื ื™ื˜ืึธ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ืจื™ืขืฃ ืึทื–ื™ 
ืœืึทื ื’? -- ืคืจืขื ื˜ ืกื™ืžืข ื‘ื™ื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ'ืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ ื‘ืขืงื•ืžื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ืื™ื”ื ืฉ 
ืคึผืกืง, ื•ื™ ื’ืขื•ื•ื™ื™ื ื˜ืœื™ืš, 

--- ื›ืฉืจ'ืข ื‘ื”ืžื”! ืขืจ ื”ืึธื˜ ืžืขื”ืจ ื ื™ื˜ ืฐืึธืก ืฆื• ื˜ื”ื•ืŸ, ื ืึธืจ 
ืฉืจื™ื™ื‘ืขืŸ ื‘ืจื™ื•ื•ืœืขืš ? ื•ื•ืืจื˜-ืื•ื™ืก ืึท ื‘ื™ืกืขืœ, ืœืึธื– ืขืจ ืึธืคึผื ืขื‘ืขืŸ ื“ืขื 
ืึทืงื–ืืžืขื ื˜", ืฐืขื˜ ืขืจ ื“ื™ืจ ื“ืขืžืึธืœื˜ ืฉืจื™ื™ื‘ืขืŸ !.. 

ื‘ืขืงื•ืžืขืŸ ืื™ื”ืจืก, ื˜ืจืขื˜ ืกื™ืžืข ืึธืคึผ, ืฐื•ื™ ื ื”ื—ื•ื ื“ ื‘ืฉืขืช ืขืจ ื—ื ืคื”'ื˜ 
ื–ื™ืš ืฆื• ืฆื•ื ื‘ืขืœ-ื—ื”ื‘ื™ืช, ื“ืจืขื”ื˜ ืžื™ื˜'ืŸ ืฐื•ื™ื™ื“ืขืœ ืื•ืŸ ื‘ืขืงื•ืžื˜ ื , ืคึผืฉืึธืœืฒ 
ืฐืึธืŸ !" 

ื™ืฉืจื? ืื™ืŸ ืึทืจื•ืžื ืขื ืึทื ื ืขืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ืึท ื’ืขืฉืฐืึธืœืขืŸ ื”ืึทืจืฅ ืื•ืŸ ืžื™ื˜ 
ืึท ืฉื•ื•ืขืจ ื’ืขืžื™ื˜ื” ; ืขืจ ื”ืึธื˜ ื–ื™ืš ื ืึธืจ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืึธืจื˜ ื ื™ื˜ ื’ืขืงืึทื ื˜ ื’ืขืคื•- 
ื ืขืŸ. ืฐืึธืก ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืงืึธืคึผ ื”ืึธื˜ ืื™ื‘ืขืจื’ืขืงืœืขื”ืจื˜ ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืฆื™ื™ื˜ --- ื–ืึธืœ 
ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืคืึธื˜ืขืจ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื•ื•ื™ืกืขืŸ, ืื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื—ืœื•ืžื•ืช, ืฐืึธืก ืขืจ ื”ืึธื˜ ื’ืขื–ืขื”ืŸ 
ื‘ืฒื™ื ืึทื›ื˜, ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ืžื•ืจื'ื“ื™ื ืข, ืฉืจืขืงืœื™ื›ืข ื—ืœื•ืžื•ืช. ืื™ื™ื ืžืึธืœ 
ื—ืœื•ืž'ื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืื™ื”ื, ืื– ืขืจ ืคืึธื”ืจื˜ ืฆื•-ื ืึทืกื˜ ืฆื• ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื–ื•ื”ืŸ ืื™ื ืื™ื™ื ืขื 
ืžื™ื˜ ืคื™ืžืขืŸ,. ื’ืขืคืึทื”ืจืขืŸ-ื’ืขืคืึธื”ืจืขืŸ, ืื™ื‘ืขืจ ื‘ืขืจื’, ืื™ื‘ืขืจ ื˜ื”ืึธืœืขืŸ, 
ืฐืึทืœื“-ืึทื™ื™ืŸ ื•ื•ืืœื“-ืื•ื™ืก ื’ืขืงื•ืžืขืŸ ืฆื• ืคืึธื”ืจืขืŸ ืฆื• ืึท ื’ืจื•ื™ืกืขืŸ ืคึผืึท- 
ืœืึทืฅ, ืคืจืขื ื˜ ืขืจ: ,ื“ืึธ ื–ื™ืฆื˜ ืจื™ื˜ืขืœืžืืŸ ื“ืขืจ ื“ืึธืงื˜ืึธืจ ?? ื–ืึธื ื˜ 
ืžืขืŸ: ,ื–ื™ืฆืขืŸ ื–ื™ืฆื˜ ืขืจ ื“ืึธ, ื ืึธืจ ืžืข ืงืึธืŸ ืื™ื”ื ื ึดื™ื˜ ื–ืขื”ืŸ?. ืคืจืขื ื˜ 
ืขืจ: ,ืคืึทืจ ืฐืึธืก ?? ื–ืึทื ื˜ ืžืขืŸ ืื™ื”ื: ,ื“ืขืจืคืึทืจ, ื•ื•ื™ื™ืœ ืžืข ืœืึธื–ื˜ 


86 ' ืฉืœื•ื-ืขืœื™ื›ื 


ืงื™ื™ื ืขื ื ื™ื˜ ืฆื•",. ืจื•ืคื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืึดืคึผ ื™ืฉืจืืœ: , ื’ืขื”ื˜ ื–ืึธื ื˜ ืื™ื”ื, ื–ื™ื™ื˜ 
ืžื•ื—?, ืึทื– ื“ืขืจ ื˜ืึทื˜ืข ืื™ื– ื’ืขืงื•ืžืขืŸ". โ€ ืื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืžืึทืžืข? --- ืจื•ืคื˜ ื–ื™ืš 
ืึธืŸ ืกื™ืžืข. ,ืึธื˜ ื”ืึธืกื˜ ื“ื• ื“ื™ืจ, ืก'ืงืึธืฆืขืœ ืงื•ืžื˜, ื–ื™ ืื™ื– ืื•ื™ืš ื“ืึธ ืื™ืŸ 
ืžื™ื˜ืขืŸ !7 --- ื–ืึธื ื˜ ืฆื• ืื™ื—ืจ ื™ืฉืจื?. ืื•ืŸ ืึทื–ืฑ ื•ื™ ื–ื™ื™ ืจืขื“ืขืŸ, ื“ืขืจ- 
ื–ืขื”ื˜ ืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ื•ื•ื™ื™ื˜ืขืŸ ืึท ,ื™ื“ื ืขืจืึทืœ ืžื™ื˜ ืคืึทืœื™ืขื˜ืขืŸ?"; ืขืจ ืฐืึธืœื˜ 
ื’ืขืžืขื ื˜ ืฉื•ื•ืขืจืขืŸ, ืึทื– ืก'ืื™ื– ื‘ื ื™ืžื™ืŸ,. ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืœืึธื–ื˜ ื–ื™ืš ื’ืขื”ืŸ, ืื•ืŸ 
ืกื™ืžืข ื ืึธืš ืื™ื—ื, ื ืึธืจ ื•ื•ื™ืคื™ืข? ื–ื™ื™ ื ืขื”ืขืŸ, ืงืึธื ืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ ืฆื• ืื™ื”ื ื ื™ื˜ 
ื ืจื™ื™ื›ืขืŸ, ,ื ื™ื›ืขืจ ืึท ื‘ื™ืกืข?! ื–ืขื”ื ืึธืจ, ืฐื™ ื–ื™ ืฉืœืขืคึผื˜ ื–ื™ืš? ื›ื•, 
ืจื™ื—ืจ ื–ื™ืš } ืจื™ื”ืจ ื–ื™ืš !" -- ืฉืจื™ื™ื˜ ืขืจ ืฆื• ืกื™ืžืขืŸ, ืื•ืŸ ื‘ื™ื™ื“ืข ืœึนืึท- 
ื–ืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ ื–ื™ืš ืœื•ื™ืคืขืŸ, ืœื•ื™ืคืขืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ืึทืœึถืข ื›ื—ื•ืช, ืื•ืŸ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื”ืขืจื˜ ื ื™ืฉื˜ 
ืื•ื™ืฃ ืฆื• ืฉืจื™ื™ืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืกื™ืžืขืŸ : , ื ื™ื›ืขืจ} ื’ื™ื›ืขืจ! ืฉืœืขืคึผื˜ ื–ื™ืš ื•ื™ 
ืึท ื˜ืฉืขืจืขืคึผืึทื—ืข! ืกื™ืžืข, ืคืึทืจื‘ืจืขื ื˜ ื–ืึธืœืกื˜ ื“ื• ื ื™ื˜ ื•ืฐืขืจืขืŸ! !/.. 

-- ื’ืึธื˜ ืื™ื– ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ืจ, ืฐืึธืก ืฉืจื™ื™ืกื˜ ื“ื• ? -- ื–ืึธื ื˜ ืฆื• ืื™ื”ื 
ืกื™ืžืข ืื•ืŸ ื˜ืึธืจืขื˜ ืื™ื”ื ืคื•ื 'ื ืฉืœืึธืฃ. ื™ืฉืจื? ื—ืึทืคึผื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืื•ื™ืฃ, 
ืฉื˜ืขืœื˜-ืื•ื™ืก ืึท ืคึนึผืึถืจ ืื•ื™ื ืขืŸ, ืฉืคึผื™ื™ื˜-:ืื•ื™ืก ื“ืจื™ื™ ืžืึธืœ, ืงืขื”ืจื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืื™" 
ื‘ืขืจ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ืขืจ ืึทื ื“ืขืจืขืจ ื–ื™ื™ื˜, ื•ื•ืขืจื“ ืึทื ืฉืœืึธืคืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ ื–ืขื”ื˜ ืึท ื ื™ื™ืขื 
ื—ืœื•ื, ื ืึธืš ืึตื™ื™ืŸ ืขืจื’ืขืจืขืŸ ื•ื™ ืคืจื™ื”ืขืจ ; ืึท ืฉืฐืึทืจืฆืข ื—ื•ืคึผื”... ืฉื•ืึทืจ- 
ืฆืข ืœื™ื›ื˜.,. ืึท ืฉืฐืึทืจืฆืข ืžื˜ื”,.. ืขืžื™ืฆืขืจ ืฉื˜ืขื”ื˜ ืžื™ื˜ ืึทึตื™ื™ืŸ ืึดืคึผ- 
ืฆื•ื•ื™ื™ื ื ืข ืื•ืŸ ืฐื•ื™ืœ ืื™ื”ื ืึทืจื•ื™ืคืจื™ื™ืกืขืŸ ืึท ืฆืึธื”ืŸ. ืœืึธื–ื˜ ืขืจ ื–ื™ืš ื ื™ื˜, 
ื‘ืึธืจืขื˜ ื–ื™ืš,. ื“ืขืจื”ืขืจื˜ ืขืจ ื‘ื ื™ืžื™ื 'ืก ืงื•ืœ: 

--- ื˜ืึทื˜ืข !..,. ื˜ืึทื˜ืข !..,. ืก'ืื™ื– ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื˜ื•ื‘ื— ื•ื•ืขื’ืขืŸ... 


ื™ + + ืื” 4 4ืื” โ€ 4 ืื” ื”ืืจ 8 8 8 6 6 40 


( 


ืคึฟื•ืŸ ืœืขืžืขืœ ื“ืขื ืกื˜ืืจืึธืกื˜ืึท ื”ืึธื˜ ืื™ื”ืจ ื ืขื”ืขืจื˜ ืึทืžืึธืœ? 
ืฆึดื™ ืื™ื”ืจ ื”ืขืจื˜ ื“ืึธืก ืขืจืฉื˜ืข ืžืึธืœ ืœืขืžืขืœ'ืก ื ืึธืžืขืŸ? ื•ื™ ืงื•ืžื˜ 
ื“ืึธืก ? ืขืจ ืื™ื– ื“ืึธืš ืึท ืื™ื“, ืฐืึธืก ื”ืึธื˜ ืึท ืฉื ืื•ืžืขื“ื•ื. ื ื”ื•ืฅ 
ืฐืึธืก ืขืจ ืื™ืŸ ื ืกื˜ืึทืจืึธืกื˜ืข ืื™ืŸ ืื•ืคึผืจืึทืฐืข ืื•ืŸ ื ืงืึธื›ืœืขืคืขืœ ืื•ืŸ 


ืึท ,ื•ื•ื™ื’ืจื™ืฉื ืข ื‘ื™ืœื™ืขื" 87 


ืคื™ื”ืจื˜ ื“ืึธืก ื’ืึทื ืฆืข ืฉื˜ืขื“ื˜ืขืœ ื‘ื™ื™ ื“ื˜ื™ ื ืึธืŸ, ืื™ืŸ ืขืจ ื ื ืื ืฆืขืจ 
ืžืึทื›ืขืจ ื“ืึธืจื˜ ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ , ื’ื•ื‘ืขืจื ื™ืข", ืื•ื™ืกื’ืขื‘ื•ื ื“ืขืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ืึทืœืข ื’ืจืขืก" 
ืกืข. ืึทื– ืขืจ ืงื•ืžื˜ ืฆื• ืคืึธื”ืจืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ,ื ื•ื‘ืขืจื ื™ืข", ื–ืึธื ื˜ ืขืจ, 
ื•ื•ื™ื™ืกื˜ ืขืจ ื ื™ื˜, ื•ื•ืื•ื”ื™ืŸ ืขืจ ื–ืึธืœ ื ืขื”ืŸ ืคืจื™ื”ืขืจ ; ืื™ื˜ืœื™ื›ืขืจ, ื–ืึธื ื˜ 
ืขืจ, ืฉืœืขืคึผื˜ ืื™ื”ื ืฆื• ื–ื™ืš: ,ืคึนึผืึฒื ื™ ืœืขืžืขืœ! ื ืึธืกืคึผืึธืจื™ืŸ ืœืขืžืขืœ! 
ืจื‘ ืœืขืžืขืœ!" -- ืกืข ื˜ื”ื•ื˜ ื–ื™ืš! ืืœืข ืžืึธืœ, ื•ืขืŸ ืขืจ ืงื•ืžื˜ ืฆื• 
ืคืึธื”ืจืขืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ,ื’ื•ื‘ืขืจื ื™ืข", ืžื•ื–ืŸ ืขืจ ื‘ืจืขื ื ืขืŸ ืขืคึผื™ืก 8 ื ื™ื™ืขืก, 
ืฐืึธืก ื–ืึธืœ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื ืึธื›ื“ืขื. ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ืจื™ื™ ื—ื“ืฉื™ื ืฆื• ืจืขื“ืขืŸ: ื ื’ืจื•ื™ืกืขืŸ 
ืึธื ื–ืขืฅ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืจื™ื™ ืžืึธืœ ื”ื•ื ื“ืขืจื˜ ื˜ืฑื–ืขื ื“, ื ืžื•ืจื'ื“ื™ื ืข ืฉืจืคื”, 
ืฐืึธืก ืคื™ื ืฃ ืื•ืŸ ื–ื™ืขื‘ืขืฆื™ื’ ื ืคืฉื•ืช ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืคืขืจื‘ืจืขื ื˜ ื’ืขืฐืึธืจืขืŸ, ืึธื“ืขืจืฑ 
ืึท ืฉืจืขืงืœื™ื›ืข ื”ืจื™ื ื” ืื™ืŸ ืžื™ื˜ืขืŸ ืฉื˜ืึธื“ื˜, ืฐืึธืก ื“ื™ ื”ืึธืจ ืฉื˜ืขืœืขืŸ 
ื–ื™ืš ืงืึทืคึผืฑื™ืจ. ืื•ืŸ ื—ืึธื˜ืฉ ื‘ื™ื™ ืœืขืžืœืขืŸ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื“ื™ ืึธื ื–ืขืฆืขืŸ ื ื‘ื™ืกืขืคึผ 
ืฆื• ืึธืคึผื˜, ื“ื™ ืฉืจืคื•ืช ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ ื”ืจื™ื ื•ืช ื›ืžืขื˜ ืึทืœืข ื•ืึธืš, ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขืกื˜- 
ื•ื•ืขื’ืขืŸ ืื™ื– ืงื™ื™ื ืขื ื‘ื™ืŸ ืึทื”ืขืจ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืึทึตื™ื™ื ื’ืขืคืึทืœืขืŸ, ืขืจ ื–ืึธืœ ื–ื™ืš 
ืึทื ื™ื“ืขืจืฉื˜ืขืœืขืŸ ื“ืขืจื•ื™ืฃ. ืื•ื™ืฃ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืžืขืฉื” ืคืจืขื’ื˜ ืžืขืŸ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืงืฉื™ื 
ื ื™ื˜; ืœืžืึทื™ ื“ื™ ื’ืึทื–ืขื˜ืขืŸ? ื“ื™ ื’ืึทื–ืขื˜ืขืŸ ืžืขื ืขืŸ? ืื™ื”ืจ ื“ืืจืคื˜ 
ื ืึธืš ื’ืขื“ืขื ืงืขืŸ ืžืŸ ื”ืกืชื ื“ื™ ืฉืจืขืงืœื™ื›ืข ืžืขืฉื”, ืฐืึธืก ืื™ื– ื’ืขืฐืขืŸ 
ื‘ืขืฉืจื™ื‘ืขืŸ ืึทื ื•ืžืขืœื˜ืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืึทืœืข ื ืึทื–ืขื˜ืขืŸ. ืคืขืจืœืึธืคืขืŸ ื”ืึธื˜ ื–ื™ืฃ 
ื“ืึธืก ืื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ืึทืœื™ืกื˜ืึธืง, ืื™ืŸ ืจื™ื ื ืึธื“ืขืจ ืื™ืŸ ื–ืฉื™ื˜ืึธืžื™ืจ --- ืื™ืš 
ื’ืขื“ืขื ืง ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ื ื™ื˜ ืึทืงื•ืจืึทื˜. ืึทื–ืฑ ืื™ื– ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ื“ื™ ืžืขืฉื” : ืื™ื™ื ืžืึธืœ 
ืื™ื– ื ืขื–ืขืกืขืŸ ื ืคืจื•ื™ ืžื™ื˜ ืึท ื–ื•ื™ื’ืขื“ื™ื’ ืงื™ื ื“ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื™ ื”ืขื ื“. ืคึผืœื•ืฆื™ื 
ืฆืขื•ื•ื™ื™ื ื˜ ื–ื™ืš ื“ืึธืก ืงื™ื ื“. ื•ืœ ื“ื™ ืคืจื•ื™ ื“ืขื ืงื™ื ื“ ื ื’ืขื‘ืขืŸ ื–ืฑื’ืขืŸ 
ืื•ืŸ ืฆืขืฉืคึผื™ืœื™ืขื˜ ื–ื™ืš. ืฉืคึผืจื™ื ื’ื˜-ืึทืจืฑืฃ ืึท ืฉืœืื ื’ ืฆื• ืื™ื”ืจ ืื•ื™ืืฅ 
ืฉื•ื™ื ืื•ืŸ ื—ืึทืคึผื˜ ื“ื™ ื‘ืจื•ืกื˜ ืื™ืŸ ืžื•ื™? ืึทืจื™ื™ืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืœืึธื–ื˜ ื ื™ื˜ ืึทืจืฑืก 
ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ื‘ืึทืœื“ ื“ืจื™ื™ ืžืขืช-ืœืขืช. ืึทืœึถืข ื“ืึธืงื˜ื•ื™ืจื™ื ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ ื ืจืขืกื˜ืข 
ืคึผืจืึธืคึผืขืกืึธืจืขืŸ ืงื•ืžืขืŸ ืฆื• ืคืึทื”ืจืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืคืึธื”ืจืขืŸ ืึทืฐืขืง. ื–ื™ื™ ื•ื•ื™ื™ืกืขืŸ 
ื’ื™ื ืฐืึธืก ืฆื• ื˜ื”ื•ืŸ : ืึธืคึผืจื™ื™ืกืขืŸ ื“ื™ ืฉืœืึทื ื’ ืžื™ื˜ ื’ืฐืึทืœื“ --- ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ 
ื–ื™ื™ ืžื•ืจื, ื˜ืึธืžืขืจ ืœืึธื–ื˜ ื–ื™ ื“ืขื ื’ื™ืคื˜, ืื™ื– ื“ื™ ืคืจื•ื™ ืึท ืคืขืจืคืืœืขื ืข ; 
ืœืึธื–ืขืŸ ื–ื™ ื–ืึธืœ ื–ื•ื™ื’ืขืŸ --- ืฐืขื˜ ื–ื™ ืคื•ืŸ ืื™ื”ืจ ืึทืจืฑืกืฆื™ื”ืขืŸ ื“ืึธืก ื“ื" 
ืžืชืžืฆื™ืช ! ื•ืืก ื“ืขืจ ืกื•ืฃ ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ --- ื•ื•ืขืœืขืŸ ืžื™ืจ ืžืกืชืžื ืžื•ื“ื™ืข 


58 ืฉืœื•ื-ืขืœื™ื›ื 


ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืื•ื ื–ืขืจืข ืœืขื–ืขืจ... ืึทื–ื•ื™ ืœืึธื–ืขืŸ-ืื•ื™ืก ื“ื™ ื’ืึทื–ืขื˜ืขืŸ, ืื•ืŸ ืฉืฑืŸ 
ืžืขื”ืจ ืึทื– ื“ืจื™ื™ ื™ืึธื”ืจ ืฉืจื™ื™ื‘ืขืŸ ืžื™ืจ ืื•ื™ืก ืื•ืŸ ืœื™ื™ืขื ืขืŸ ื“ื™ ื ืึทื–ืขื˜ืขืŸ 
ืื•ืŸ ื•ื•ื™ื™ืกืขืŸ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืขื“ ื—ื™ื•ื ื“ืขื ืกื•ืฃ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืฉืจืขืงืœื™ื›ืขืจ ืžืขืฉื”, 
ืื•ืŸ ืฐืึธืก ืžืึทื›ื˜ ื“ื™ ืื•ืžื ืœื™ืงืœื™ื›ืข ืคืจื•ื™ ื ืขื‘ืึทืš 4 ืจืขื›ืขื ืขืŸ, ืึทื– ื“ื™ 
ืฉืœืึทื ื’ ื–ื•ื™ื’ื˜ ื ืึธืš --- ืื™ื– ืขืคึผื™ืก ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืฆื• ื’ืœื•ื™ื‘ืขืŸ, ืขืก ืงื•ืžื˜ ืื•ื™ืก 
ืึทื‘ื™ืกืขืœ ื—ื•ืฅ ืœื“ืจืš ื”ื˜ื‘ืข; ืื•ืŸ ื•ื™ืขื“ืขืจ, ืึทื– ื“ื™ ืคืจื•ื™ ื–ืึธืœ ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ 
ื ืขืฉื˜ืึธืจื‘ืขืŸ --- ืฐืึธืœื˜ืขืŸ ื“ืึธืš ื“ื™ ื ืึทื–ืขื˜ืขืŸ ื’ืขืฉืจื™ื‘ืขืŸ. ืœื›ืŸ ืžื•ื–ืขืŸ 
ืžื™ืจ ืึธื ืงื•ืžืขืŸ ื“ืขืจืฆื•, ืึทื– ืก'ืื™ื– ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืคืจื•ื™, ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืกื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ืจื•ืกื˜ 
ืื•ืŸ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืฉืœืึทื ื’ ืฐืึธืก ื“ืขืŸ ืื™ื– ื“ืึธืก? ืึทืคึผื ื™ื, ืึท ืคื™ื ืขืŸ! 

ืึธื“ืขืจ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืœืึทื ื’ ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ ืžื™ืจ ื’ืขืœื™ื™ืขื ื˜ ืืฑืฑื™ืฃ ื“ื™ ื ืื–ืขื˜ืขืŸ 
ืื–ื ืžืขืฉื— : ืื™ืŸ ืึท ืงืœื™ื™ืŸ ืฉื˜ืขื“ื˜ืขืœ (ื“ืึทื›ื˜ ื–ื™ืš, ืื™ืŸ ื‘ืึธื‘ืจื•ึนื™ืกืง) 
ืื™ื– ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ื ืื™ื“ื™ืฉืข ื—ืชื•ื ื”. ื“ื™ ื›ืœ-ื–ืžืจ ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ ื’ืขืฉืคึผื™ืขืœื˜. 
ื“ื™ ืžื—ื•ืชื ื™ื ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ ื ืขื˜ืึทื ืฆื˜. ื“ื™ ืกืืจื•ื•ืขื“ืก ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ ืคืืจื•ื•ืขืจืงืขืก 
ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืึทืจื•ืžื’ืขืœืึธืคืขืŸ ืคึผืขืจื˜ืืจืขืจืึทืžื˜, ื•ื™ ื’ืขื•ื•ื™ื™ื ื˜ืœื™ืš ืึท ื—ืชื•ื ื”. 
ืคึผืœื•ืฆื™ื ื–ืึธื ื˜ ื“ื™ ื›ืœื—, ืก'ืื™ื– ืื™ื”ืจ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื ื•ื˜, ืื•ืŸ ืœืขื ื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืฆื• 
ืื•ื™ืฃ ืึท ื•ื•ื™ื™ืœืขื˜ืฉืงืข. ืื•ืŸ ืึทื–ืฑ ื•ื™ ื–ื™ ื”ืึธื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืฆื•ื ืขืœืขื ื˜, ืึทื–ืฑ 
ืื™ื–ืŸ ื–ื™ ืึทื ืฉืœืึธืคืขืŸ ื’ืขืฐืึธืจืขืŸ,. ื“ื™ ื›ืœื™-ื–ืžืจ ืฉืคึผื™ืขืœืขืŸ, ื“ื™. ืžื—ื•ืชื ื™ื 
ื˜ืึทื ืฆืขืŸ, ื“ื™ ืกืืจื•ื•ืขืจืก ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ ืกื˜ืจื•ื•ืขืจืงืขืก ืœื•ื™ืคืขืšืŸืืจื•ื ืคืขืจ- 
ื˜ืึทืจืขืจืึทืžื˜ --- ื“ื•ื™ ื›ืœื” ืฉืœืึธืคื˜. ืžืข ื”ืึธื˜ ืฉื•ืฑืŸ ืึธืคึผื ืขืฉืคึผื™ืขืœื˜, 
ืึธืคึผื’ืขื˜ืึทื ืฆื˜, ืึธืคึผื ืขื’ืขื‘ืขืŸ ื“ื™ ื ื™ืœื“ืขื ืข ื™ื•ื™ืš -- ื“ื™ ื›ืœื” ืฉืœืึธืคื˜. 
ื“ืขืจ ืขื•ืœื ืื™ื– ื–ื™ืš ืฆืขื’ืึทื ื’ืขืŸ ืึทื”ื™ื, ืžืข ืคืขืจืœืขืฉื˜ ื“ื™ ืœื™ื›ื˜ --- ื“ื™ 
ื›ืœื” ืฉืœืึธืคื˜. ืžืข ืฉื˜ืขื”ื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืคืจื™ื” --- ืจื™ ื›ืœื— ืฉืœืึธืคื˜, 
ืžืข ืœืขื ื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืฉืœืึธืคืขืŸ --- ื“ื™ ื›ืœื— ืฉืœืึธืคื˜. ืžืข ืฉื˜ืขื”ื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ -- 
ื“ื™ ื›ืœื” ืฉืœืึธืคื˜. ื”ืงื™ืฆื•ืจ, ืก'ืื™ื– ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ื“ืจื™ื™ ืฐืึธื›ืขืŸ ื ืึธืš ื“ืขืจ 
ื—ืชื•ื ื” --- ืื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื›ืœื— ืฉืœืึธืคื˜ ! ,ืฐืึธืก ืžื™ื˜ ืื™ื”ืจ ืึดื™ื– ื’ืขืฉืขื”ืขืŸ, 
ื•ื•ืขืœืขืŸ ืžื™ืจ ืžืกืชืžื ื‘ืึทืœื“ ื’ืขื‘ืขืŸ ืฆื• ื•ื•ื™ืกืขืŸ ืื•ื ื–ืขืจืข ืœืขื–ืขืจ... 
ืกืข ืคืขืจืฉื˜ืขื”ื˜ ื–ื™ืš, ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ื“ืึธืก ืึทื ื“ืขืจืข ื™ึนืึถื”ืจ ืึทื– ืžื™ืจ ืฉืจื™ื™ื‘ืขืŸ 
ืื•ื™ืก ื ืึธืจ ื“ืึธืก ื“ืึธื–ื™ื ืข ื‘ืœืื˜, ืžื™ืจ ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ ืžื•ืจื, ื˜ืึธืžืขืจ ื”ืืคึผื˜ 
ื–ื™ืš ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื™ ื›ืœื” ืื•ืŸ ืžื™ืจ ื•ื•ืขืœืขืŸ ืืคื™ืœื• ื ื™ื˜ ื•ื•ื™ืกืขืŸ ื•ื•ืขืจ ืก'ื”ืึธื˜ 
ืื•ื ื– ื’ืขืฉืœื™ื™ืขืจื˜ -- ืขืก ืื™ื– ืึธื‘ืขืจ ืึทืจืฑืกื’ืขืฐืึธืจืคืขืŸ ื“ื™ ื˜ืจื—ื”; 


ืึท ,ื•ื•ื™ื’ืจื™ืฉื ืข ื‘ื•ืœื•ืขื˜" 80 


ืึทืœืข ื˜ืึธื’, ืึทื– ืขืก ืงื•ืžื˜ ืึธืŸ ื“ืึธืก ื‘ืœืื˜, ืื™ืŸ ื“ืึธืก ืขืจืฉื˜ืข ืคืจืขื ื˜ 
ืžื™ืš ืžื™ื™ืŸ ื•ื•ื™ื™ื‘ : | 

-- ืฐืึธืก ื”ืขืจื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืžื™ื˜ ื“ืขืจ ื‘ืึทื ืจื•ื™ืกื˜ืงืขืจ ื›ืœื” ? 

-- ื ื™ืฉื˜ืึธ ื’ืึธืจื ื™ืฉื˜,. ื“ื™ ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช, ืึทื– ื–ื™ ืฉืœืึธืคื˜ ื ืึธืš. -= 
ืึทื–ืฑื™ ืขื ื˜ืคืขืจ ืื™ืš ืžื™ื™ืŸ ื•ื•ื™ื™ื‘, ืื•ืŸ ื‘ื™ื™ ื–ื™ืš ืื™ืŸ ื”ืืจืฆืขืŸ ื˜ืจืึทื›ื˜ 
ืื™ืš ืžื™ืจ; ,ืื•ื™-ื•ื•ืขื”, ืื™ืš ื”ืึธื‘ ืžื•ืจื, ืื•ื™ื‘ ื“ื™ ื’ืึทื ืฆืข ืžืขืฉื” 
ืื™ื– ื ื™ื ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืื•ื™ืกื’ืขื˜ืจืื›ื˜ืข ืžืขืฉื”, ืฉืงืจ ื•ื‘ึผื•ื‘ 4 .... 

ืึทื–ืฑ ืื™ื– ืžื™ื˜ ืื•ื ื–ืขืจ ืœืขืžืœืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืš,. ื“ืขืจ ื—ื™ืœื•ืง ืื™ืŸ ื ืึธืจ, 
ืฐืึธืก ื“ื™ ื ื˜ื–ืขื˜ืขืŸ, ืึทื– ืขืก ืžืึทื›ื˜ ื–ื™ืš, ื–ื™ื™ ื”ืึทืงืขืŸ ืึทืจื™ืŸ ืึทืžืึธืœ ืึท 
ืœื™ื’ืขืŸ, ื˜ื”ื•ืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ ื“ืึธืืก ืžื™ื˜ ืึท ืžื™ื™ืŸ --- ื–ื™ื™ ืžื™ื™ื ืขืŸ ื’ืขืœืจ; ืื•ืŸ 
ืื•ื ื–ืขืจ ืœืขืžืขืœ, ื“ืขืจ ืกื˜ืึทืจืึธืกื˜ืข ืื™ืŸ ื’ืœืึธื˜ ื ืฉืงืจืŸ ืื•ืŸ ื˜ ืคึผืœืื- 
ืœืขืจ, ื”ื™ื™ื ื˜ ืฉื˜ืขืœื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืคืึธืจ, ืฐืึธืก ืžืึทืจ ื ื™ื•ืื™ื˜ื•ื‘ ืก'ืื™ืŸ ื’ืข" 
ื•ื•ืขืŸ ืคืืจ ืื•ื ื–ืขืจ ืกื˜ื˜ืจืึธืกื˜ืข, ืึทืŸ ืก'ืื™ืŸ ืึธื ื ืขืงื•ืžืขืŸ ืคึผืœื•ืฆื™ื ืื™ืŸ 
ื“ืขืจ ืื•ืคึผืจืึทืฐืข ืคื•ึนืŸ ื“ืขืจ ,ื ื•ื‘ืขืจื ื™ืข? ื ืคืืคึผื™ืขืจ, ืžืข ื–ืึธืœ ืื•ื™ืก" 
ืฉืœื™ืกืขืŸ ืคื•ื 'ื ืื™ื“ื™ืฉืขืŸ ืงื—? ื‘ื ื™ืžื™ื 'ืขืŸ, ื“ืขื ื–ื•ื”ืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื™ืฉืจืืœ 
ืจื™ื˜ืขืœืžื˜ืŸ, ืžื—ืžืช ืขืจ ื”ืึธื˜ ืึธื ื ืขื ื•ืžืขืŸ ื˜ื™ื™ืŸ ืึทื ื“ืขืจ ื’ืœืฑื‘ืขืŸ.. 

ืœืขืžืขืœ ื“ืขืจ ืกื˜ืึทืจืึธืกื˜ืข, ืึทื– ืขืจ ื”ืึธื˜ ื ืึธืจ ืื™ื‘ืขืจื’ืขืœื™ื™ืขื ื˜ 
ื“ืึธืก ืคึผื˜ืคึผื™ืขืจ, ื”ืึธื˜ ืขืจ ืคืขืจื ืขื˜ืขืŸ ืึทืœืข ื’ืขืฉืขืคื˜ืขืŸ ืžื™ืื˜ ื“ืขืจ ืื•" 
ืคึผืจืึทื•ืข, ื’ืขื—ืืคึผื˜ ื“ืึธืก ืคึผืึทืคึผื™ืขืจ ืื•ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื˜ืฐืขืงื’ืขืœืึธืคืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื’ืื˜ 
ืึทืจื™ืŸ, ื–ื™ืš ืืœืข ืžืึธืœ ืึธืคึผื’ืขืฉื˜ืขืœื˜, ืื™ื ื’ืขืจื•ื™ืžื˜ ืื™ื˜ืœื™ื ื›ืขืŸ ื‘ืข- 
ื–ื•ื ื“ืขืจ ืึท ืกื•ื“ ืื•ื™ื'ืŸ ืื•ื™ื”ืขืจ ืื•ืŸ ืฆืขืคึผื•ื™ืงื˜ ืื™ื‘ืขืจ ื“ืขืจ ื•ืื ืฆืขืฃ 
ืฉื˜ืึธื“ื˜, 

ืคืืจื—ื˜ืŸ ืฆื™ื™ื˜ืขืŸ, ืฐืึธืก ืžืข ืงืึธืŸ ื–ื™ื™ ืึธื ืจื•ืคืขืŸ ื“ื™ , ืฉื˜ื™ืœืฉื•ื•ื™ื™- 
ื’ืขื ื“ื™ื’ืข ื˜ืขื’". = ื“ืขืจ ื—ื™ืžืขืœ ืื™ื– ืœื•ื™ื˜ืขืจ, ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืฉืคึผืจื™ื ืงืขืœืข, ืงื™ื™ืŸ 
ื•ื•ื™ื ื˜ืขืœืข, ืฉืึทื“ืฉื˜ื™? ืึทืจื•ื ืื•ึนืŸ ืึทืจื•ื ; ืึทืœืข ืฉืœืึทืคืขืŸ, ืฐื•ื™ ืื•ื™ืกื’ืข- 
ืฉื˜ืึธืจื‘ืขืŸ ื“ื™ ื’ืึทื ืฆืข ืฉื˜ืึธื“ื˜, -- ืคึผืœื•ืฆื™ื, ืžืข ื•ื•ื™ื™ืกื˜ ื ื™ื˜ ืคื•ืŸ 
ืฐืึทื ืขืŸ, ืขืก ืคึฟืึทืœื˜ืึทืจืึธืคึผ ืึท ื‘ืึธืžื›ืข ืื•ืŸ ืจื™ื™ืกื˜-ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื™ ื ืื ืฆืข 
ืฐื•ืขืœื˜. ืึทืœืข ื—ืึทืคึผืขืŸ ื–ื™ืš ืื•ื” ืื•ืŸ ืœืึธื–ืขืŸ ื–ื™ืš ืœืฑื™ืคืขืŸ: ,ื”ื 9 
ืฐืึธืก? ื•ืื•? ืฐืึธืก ืื™ื– ื’ืขืฉืขื”ืขืŸ?? -- ืขืก ืฐืขืจื“ ืœืขื‘ืขืจื™ื’, 
ืคืจื™ื™ืœื™ืš ืื™ืŸ ืฉื˜ืขืจื˜ืขืœ, 


4 ืฉืœื•ื-ืขืœื•ื›ื 


ื“ื™ ืžืขืฉื” ืžื™ื˜ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื“ืขื ืฉืžืฉ'ืก ื–ื•ื—ื ื“ืขืœ ืื™ื– ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ื™ืขื’ืข 
ื‘ืึธืžื‘ืข, ืฐืึธืก ื”ืึธื˜ ืื•ื™ืคื’ืขืจื™ืกืขืŸ ื“ืึธืก ื ืึทื ืฆืข ืฉื˜ืขื“ื˜ืข? ืื•ืŸ ืื•ื™ื" 
ื’ืขืฐื•ืขืงื˜ ืึทืœืข ืื™ื“ืขืŸ ืื™ื˜ืœื™ื›ืขืจ ื‘ืขื–ื•ื ื“ืขืจ ืื™ื– ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ืึทื–ืฑ ืฆืข- 
ืงืึธื›ื˜ ืื•ืŸ ืืฑืคื’ืขื˜ืจืึธื ืขืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืžืขืฉื”, ื ืœื™ื™ืš ืฐื™ ืก'ืื™ืŸ ืื™ื”ื 
ื ื•ื’ืข ืื™ืŸ ื ืคืฉ ืึธื“ืขืจ ืื™ืŸ ืคึผืจื ืกื”, ื ืœื™ื™ืš ืฐื™ ืขืก ื’ืขื”ื˜ ืื™ื”ื ืžืขื”ืจ 
ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืึถึธืคึผ, ื ืึธืจ ื“ืึธืก. ื ืกืš ื”ืึธื ืขืŸ ืืฐืขืงื’ืขืฐืึธืจืคืขืŸ ื“ืึธืก ื’ืข- 
ืฉืขืคื˜, ื“ืึธืก ืขืกืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืžื™ื˜ืขืŸ, ืื•ืŸ ืึทืจืฑืกื’ืขื’ืึทื ื’ืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืžืึทืจืง , ื”ืข- 
ืจืขืŸ ืฐืึธืก ื”ืขืจื˜ ื–ื™ืš ?? ืึทืจื•ื ืจื‘ ื”ืขืจืฉ ื“ืขื ื ื’ื™ืจ'ืก ืฉื˜ื•ื‘ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ 
ื’ืขืฉื˜ืึทื ืขืŸ ื’ืึทื ืฆืข ืจืขื“ืœืขืš ืžืขื ืฉืขืŸ, ืื•ืŸ ืจื‘ ื”ืขืจืฉ ืืœื™ื™ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื’ืข- 
ืฉื˜ืึทื ืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืึท ื—ืึทืœืึทื˜ ืื•ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ื™ืึทืจืžืขืœืงืข ื‘ื™ื™'ื ื’ืึทื ื™ืง ืคื•ืŸ 
ืฉื˜ื•ื‘, ืึทืจื•ืžื’ืขืจื™ื ื’ืขืœื˜ ืžื™ื˜ ื–ื™ื™ื ืข ืžืงื•ืจื‘ื™ื ืื•ืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ื’ืœืื˜ ืื™ื“ืขืŸ 
ื•ื•ื™ืœืจ-ืคืจืขืžื“ืข, ืฐืึธืก ื—ื ืคื”'ื ืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืœืขืงืขืŸ ืื™ื”ื, ื˜ืึธืžืขืจ ืฐืขื˜ 
ื“ืขืจืคื•ืŸ ืขืคึผื™ืก ืึทืจืฑืก ืึทืžืึธืœ ืึท ืฉื˜ื™ืงืข? ื˜ื•ื‘ื”, ื ืงืฉื™ื” ืืฑืฃ ื 
ืžืขืฉื” 4... ืจื‘ ื”ืขืจืฉ ื“ืจืฉื”'ื˜, ืื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืœืขืงืขืจืก ืคึผืึธื“ื˜ืึทืงืขืฐืขืŸ ืื™ื”ื : 


--- ืžืกืชืžื ! ืฐืึธืก ื“ืขืŸ? ื–ื™ื™ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื ื™ื˜ ื’ืขืจืขื›ื˜? ื–ื™ 
ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื–ืขื”ืจ ื’ืขืจืขื›ื˜ ! 


-- ืึท ืฉืžืฉ, ืึท ืคึผืึทืจืš, ืึท ืงื‘ืฆืŸ --- ื•ื•ื™ืœ ืขืจ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืงืœื™ื ืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ 
ื“ืขืจ ื’ืึทื ืฆืขืจ ื•ื•ืขืœื˜! -- ื–ืึธื’ื˜ ืจื‘ ื”ืขืจืฉ ืžื™ื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืฆื•ื™ื™ืขื ื“ื™ื  
ื”ื•ืกื˜ืขืœ. --- ื”ืž... ื—ืž... ืึท ื“ืึธืงื˜ืึธืจ ื”ืึธื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืื™ื”ื˜ ื ืึธืจ ืคืึทืจืฐืึธืœื˜ 
ืžืึทื›ืขืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื–ื•ื”ื ื“ืข? ! ืื•ืŸ ืึทื– ืขืจ ืฐืึธืœื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื ืฉืžืฉ ืฐื™ ื“ืขืจ 
ื˜ืึทื˜ืข, ืฆื™, ื—ืœื™ืœื”, ื ืžืœืžื“, ื•ื•ื™ื™ืก ืื™ืš ื ื™ื˜, ืฐืึธืก ืก'ืฐื•ืึธืœื˜ ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ! 
ืื™ืš ืฐืึธืœื˜ ืึท ื‘ืขืœืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ืขืจืขืŸ, ืฐืึธืก ื–ืึธื ื˜ ื“ืขืจ ืฉืžืฉ ืื•ื ื–ืขืจืขืจ 
ืึทืฆื™ื ื“? ืฆื™ ืขืจ ื•ื™ื™ืกื˜ ื ืึธืš ื ื™ื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ื‘ืฉื•ืจื”, ื”ืž.. ื—ื˜.? 
ืขืคึผื™ืก ื–ืขื”ื˜ ืžืขืŸ ืื™ื”ื ื ื™ื˜, ื“ืขื ืฉืœื™ื"ืžื–ืœ. ื•ื•ืื• ืงืึธืŸ ืขืจ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ? 

ืขืก ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ ื–ื™ืš ื’ืขืคื•ื ืขืŸ ืื–ืขืœื›ืข, ืฐืึธืก ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ ื–ื™ืš ื ื™ื˜ ื’ืข- 
ืคื•ื™ืœึฐื˜ ื ืขื”ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืฉื•ื”? ืึทืจื™ื™ืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืฆื•ื ืฉืžืฉ ืึทื”ื™ื™ื -- ืื•ืŸ ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ 
ื™ืฉืจืืœ'ืขืŸ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื’ืขืงืึทื ื˜ ื’ืขืคื™ื ืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืขืจื’ื™ืฅ. 


ืึท , ืฐื•ื™ื’ืจื•ืฉื ืข ื‘ื™ืœื•ืขื˜" 41 
ื— 


ื“ื™ ืฐืึธืก ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื’ืขืฐืึธื”ื ื˜ ื’ืขืฐืึธืจืขืŸ ืฆื• ื“ื™ , ื”ืขื›ืกื˜-ืื™ื ื˜ืขืจืข- 
ืกืึทื ื˜ืข ืจืึธืžืึทื ืขืŸ? ืฐืึธืœื˜ืขืŸ ืึท ื‘ืขืœืŸ ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ, ืึทืŸ ื™ืฉืจื?ืœ ื“ืขืจ ืฉืžืฉ 
ื–ืึธืœ ื–ื™ืš ืฉืœืึธื ืขืŸ ืงืึธืคึผ ืึทืŸ ืฐืึทื ื“, ืึธื“ืขืจ ืขืจ ื–ืึธืœ ืคื•ื™ืคืขืŸ ืฆื•ื ื˜ื™ื™ืš 
ื–ื™ืš ื˜ืจื™ื ืงืขืŸ, ืึธื“ืขืจ ืขืจ ื–ืึธืœ ืึทืจืฑืฃ ืื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ืช-ืžื“ืจืฉ ืื•ื™ืค'ืŸ ื‘ื•ื™ื“ืขื 
ืื•ืŸ ื–ื™ืš ืื•ื™ืคื”ืขื ื’ืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื™ ื‘ืึทื ื˜ืขื ืขืก, ื•ื•ื™ื™ื‘ ืื•ืŸ ืงื™ื ื“ืขืจ ื–ืึธืœืขืŸ 
ื™ืึธืžืขืจืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืงืœืึธื’ืขืŸ, ื“ื™ ืฉื˜ืึธื“ื˜ ื–ืึธืœ ื–ื™ืš ื•ื•ื™ืขื’ืขืŸ, ืงืึธื›ืขืŸ ื•ื™ ืื™ืŸ 
ืึท ืงืขืกืขืœ --- ื—ื›ืœ5, ืขืก ื–ืึธืœ ื“ื•ื ืขืจืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ ื‘ืœื™ืฆืขืŸ ! ืขืก ืงืึธืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ, 
ืึทื– ืื™ืฆื˜ื™ื’ืก ืžืึธืœ ืฐืึธืœื˜ ืื™ืš ื–ึตื™ื™ ืฆื•ืœื™ืขื‘ ื ืขื˜ื”ืึธืŸ, ื ืึธืจ ืฐืึธืก 
ืงืึธืŸ ืื™ืš ืžืึทื›ืขืŸ, ืื– ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื“ืขืจ ืฉืžืฉ ื•ื•ื™ื™ืกื˜ ื ืึธืš ื’ืึธืจ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืคื•ืŸ 
ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืคึผื•ืชืจ ืื•ืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ื—ืœื•ื ? ื“ืขืžืึธืœื˜, ื•ื•ืขืŸ ื“ื™ ื’ืึทื ืฆืข ืฉื˜ืึธื“ื˜ 
ื”ืึธื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืึทืจื•ืžื’ืขื˜ืจืึธื’ืขืŸ ืžื™ื˜'ืŸ , ืคึผืึทืคึผื™ืขืจ", ืื™ื– ื ืึธืจ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื ืข- 
ื–ืขืกืขืŸ ื‘ื™ื™ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืื™ื™ืŸ-ืื•ืŸ-ืื™ื™ื ืฆื™ื’ืขืŸ ื’ื•ื˜ืขืŸ ืคืจื™ื™ื ื“ ืื•ืŸ ื‘ืขืœ-ืกื•ื“ 
ื™ืจื—ืžื™ืืœ-ืžืฉื” ื“ืขื ืžืœืžื“. ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืื™ื™ื’ืขื ืขืจ ืฆื™ื™ื˜, ืฐืึธืก ืก'ืื™ืŸ 
ืึธื ื’ืขืงื•ืžืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืื•ืคึผืจืึทืฐืข ื“ืึธืก ื’ืขื•ื•ื™ืกืข ,ืคึผืึทืคึผื™ืขืจ", ื”ืึธื˜ 
ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื“ืขืจ ืฉืžืฉ ืึธืคึผื’ืขื ื•ืžืขืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืคึผืึธืกื˜ ืึท ื’ืึทื ืฆืขืŸ ืคึผืึทืงืขื˜, 
ืฐืึธืก ืื™ื– ืื™ื”ื ืึธื ื’ืขืงื•ืžืขืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื–ื•ื”ืŸ. ืขืจ ื”ืึธื˜ ื ืึธืš ืงื™ื™ื ืžืึธืœ 
ืึทื–ืึท ื’ืจื•ื™ืกืขืŸ, ืื–ื ืœืึทื ื ืขืŸ ื‘ืจื™ืขืฃ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื’ืขื”ืื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ื‘ื ื™ืžื™ื 'ืขืŸ --- 8 
ื’ืึทื ืฆืข ืžื’ื™ืœื— } ื“ื•ืจื›ื’ืขืœื™ื™ืขื ื˜ ืžื™ื˜ ื’ืจื•ื™ืก ืžื™ื” ืึท ืคึนึผืึถืจ ื‘ืœืขื˜ืœืขืš 
ืื•ืŸ ื ื™ื˜ ืคึผืขืจืฉื˜ืึทื ืขืŸ ื›ืžืขื˜ ืื™ื™ืŸ ืฐืึธืจื˜, ืื™ื– ืขืจ ืึทืฐืขืง ืฆื• ื™ืจื—ืžื™ืืœ- 
ืžืฉื” ื“ืขื ืžืœืžืจ, 

-- ืก'ืื™ื– ื“ืึธ ! --- ื”ืึธื˜ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืื•ื™ืกื’ืขืฉืจื™ื’ืขืŸ ื ืึธืš ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจ 
ื˜ืชื™ืจ ืžื™ื˜ ื ืฉืžื—ื”. 

-- ื ื‘ืจื™ื•ื•ืขืœ ืคื•ืŸ ืื™ืขืจ ื–ื•ื”ืŸ ? 

-- ื ;ืืš ืึท ืžื™ืŸ ื‘ืจื™ื•ื•ืขืœ, ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ืจื™ื™ ื‘ื•ื™ื ืขืœืขืš ืคึผืึทืคึผื™ืขืจ ! 

ื“ืขืจื”ืขืจื˜ ื“ืจื™ื™ ื‘ื•ื™ื ืขืœืขืš ืคึผืึทืคึผื™ืขืจ, ื”ืึธื˜ ื“ืขืจ ืžืœืžื“ ืึทืฐืขืก- 
ื’ืขืœืขื’ื˜ ืฉืขืจ-ืื•ืŸ-ืื™ื™ื–ืขืŸ, ืื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ื ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ ื–ื™ืš ื“ืขืจื•ื•ื™ื™ืค 
ืžื—ื™ื” ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ. ืึท ืงืœื™ื™ื ื™ื ืงื™ื™ื˜, ืžืข ืฐืขื˜ ืงืึธื ืขืŸ ืฉืคึผื™ืขืœืขืŸ ื“ืขืจื•ื•ื™ื™ืค 
ืื™ืŸ , ืคึผืึทื˜ืฉืขืจืœืขืš? ืื•ืŸ ืื™ืŸ , ื˜ืจืขืคืขื ื™ืฉ", ืื•ืŸ ื’ืœืื˜ ืื–ื•ื™ ื–ื™ืš 


42 ืฉืœื•ื-ืขืœื™ื›ื˜ 


ืึธืคึผืจื•ื”ืขืŸ ืคื•ื "ื ื—ื•ืžืฉ ืื™ื– ืื•ื™ืš ืขืคื™ื˜ ื•ื•ืขืจื˜ื” ! ื™ืจื—ืžื™ืืœ-ืžืฉื” ื”ืึธื˜ 
ืึธื ื’ืขื˜ื”ืึธืŸ ื“ื™ ื‘ืขืงืื ื˜ืข ื‘ืจื™ืœืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ืขืจ ื ืึธื– ืื•ืŸ ื”ืึธื˜ ื–ื™ืš ื’ืข" 
ื ื•ืžืขืŸ ืœื™ื™ืขื ืขืŸ ื“ืขื ื‘ืจื™ืขืฃ ื‘ืงื•? ืจื ืื•ืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ืึท ื ื™ื’ื•ืŸ. ื’ืึธืจ ื›ืœ ื–ืžืŸ 
ืขืก ื”ืึธื˜ ื–ื™ืš ื’ืขืœื™ื™ืขื ื˜, ื”ืึธื˜ ื–ื™ืš ื’ืขืœื™ื™ืขื ื˜ ; ืฐืึธืก ื•ื•ื™ื™ื˜ืขืจ"ื•ื•ื™ื™ื˜ืขืจ 
ื”ืึธื˜ ืขืจ ืึธื ื’ืขื”ื•ื™ื‘ืขืŸ ืึท ื‘ื™ืกืขืœืข ื–ื™ืš ืคืขืจืื™ืงืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืึธืคึผืฉื˜ืขืœืขืŸ ื–ื™ืš, 
ื•ื™ ืžืข ื ืขื”ื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืฉื˜ื™ื™ื ืขืจ, ื•ื•ื™ื™? ืก'ืื™ื– ืึทืฐืขืงื’ืขื’ืึทื ื’ืขืŸ ื”ืึทืจื‘ืข 
ืขื‘ืจื™, ืžืึธื“ื ืข ื•ื•ืขืจื˜ืขืจ, ืึทื–ืขืœื›ืข, ืฐืึธืก ืขืจ ื”ืึธื˜ ื–ื™ื™ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืœืข- 
ื‘ืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืขืจื’ื™ืฅ ื ื™ื ื‘ืขื’ืขื’ืขื ื˜ ืขืจ ื”ืึธื˜ ืืœืข ืžื™ื ื•ื˜ ืฆื•ืจืขื›ื 
ื’ืขืžืึทื›ื˜ ื“ื™ ื‘ืจื™?ืœ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ืขืจ ื ืึธื–, ืฆื•ื’ืขื˜ืจืึธื’ืขืŸ ื“ืึธืก ื‘ืจื™ื•ื•ืขืœ ื ืข- 
ื”ืขื ื˜ืขืจ ืฆื•ื ืคืขื ืกื˜ืขืจ, ื’ืขืงื ื™ื™ื˜ืฉื˜ ืžื™ื˜ ื“ืจื™ ืคึผืœื™ื™ืฆืขืก ืื•ืŸ ื’ืขืงื™ื™ืขื 
ื“ื™ ื•ื•ืขืจื˜ืขืจ : 

--- ื”ืž... ื”ืž... ืขืคึผื™ืก ืžืœืื›ื™ื-ืฉืคึผืจืึทืš... ื ืึทืฆื™ืข, ืžืึทื ืฆื™ืคึผืึท- 
ืฆื™ืข... ืคึผืฆืคึผืฆื™ื—... ืœืึธื– ืžื™ืš ืึทื–ืฑ ื•ื•ื™ืกืขืŸ ืึท ื‘ื™ื™ื–ืข ื•ื•ืขื˜ืฉืขืจืข ! 

ื™ืฉืจื? ืื™ื– ื’ืขื–ืขืกืขืŸ, ื’ืขื–ืขืกืขืŸ ืึธื ื’ืขืฉืคึผืึทืจื˜ ื“ืขื ืงืึธืคึผ ืื•ื™ืฃ 
ื“ืขืจ ื”ืึทื ืจ ื‘ื™ื™'ื ืขืง ื˜ื™ืฉ, ื’ืขืงื•ืงื˜, ื’ืขืงื•ืงื˜ ื™ืจื—ืžื™ืืœ-ืžืฉื”'ืŸ ืื™ืŸ 
ืžื•ื™? ืึทืจืฒืŸ, ื–ื™ืš ืฆื•ื ืขื”ืขืจื ืžื™ื˜ ืžื— ืฆื• ืื™ื˜ืœื™ื›ืก ืฐืึธืจื˜, ื’ืขืฐืึธืœื˜ 
ื—ืึทืคึผืขืŸ ื“ืขื ืจืขื›ืžืขืŸ ื’ืขื“ืึทื ืง --- ืื•ืŸ ื ื™ื˜ ื’ืขืงืึทื ื˜ ื‘ืฉื•ื ืื•ืคืŸ. 
ืขืจ ื”ืึธื˜ ื ื™ื˜ ืคึผืขืจืฉื˜ืึทื ืขืŸ, ืฐืึธืก ื‘ืขื“ื™ื™ื˜ ื“ืึธืก, ืฐืึธืก ื‘ื ื™ืžื™ืŸ ืคึผืœื•ืฆื™ื 
ืคืขืจืขื ื˜ืคืขืจื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืื•ืŸ ืฉื•ื•ืขืจื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืžื™ื˜ ืฉื‘ื•ืขื•ืช, ืึทื– ืขืจ ืื™ื– ื“ืขืจ 
ืื™ื™ื’ืขื ืขืจ ืžืขื ืฉ ืฐืึธืก ืคืจื™ื”ืขืจ, ืื“ืจื‘ื”, ื ืึธืš ืžื™ื˜ ืžืขื”ืจ ืœื™ืขื‘- 
ืฉืึทืคื˜ ืื•ืŸ ื ืึธืš ืžื™ื˜ ืžืขื”ืจ ื’ืขื˜ืจื™ื™ืฉืึทืคื˜... ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื”ืึธื˜ ื ื™ื˜ ื’ืข- 
ืงืึธื ื˜ ืคืขืจืฉื˜ืขื”ืŸ, ืคืึทืจ ืฐืึธืก ื–ืึธืœ ืขืจ ืื™ืฆื˜ืขืจ ื ื™ื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืื™ื™ื’ืข- 
ื ืขืจ ืฐืึธืก ืคืจื™ื”ืขืจ ? ืื•ืŸ ืฐืึธืก ื‘ืขื“ื™ื™ื˜ ื“ืึธืก ื“ืึธื–ื™ื’ืข, ืฐืึธืก ืขืจ ื‘ืขื 
ืคื•ืŸ ืื™ื”ื, ืขืจ ื–ืึธืœ ืื™ื”ื ืžื•ื—ืœ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ? ืฐืึธืก ื–ืึธืœ ืขืจ ืื™ื”ื ืžื•ื—ืœ 
ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ?... ,ืขืก ื”ืึธื˜ ืึทื ื“ืขืจืฉ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื’ืขืงืึธื ื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ, ืฉืจื™ื™ื‘ื˜ ืขืจ, ืขืจ 
ื”ืึธื˜ ื’ืขื ื•ื’ ื’ืขืžื•ื˜ืฉืขื˜ ื–ื™ืš, ื•ื•ื™ื™ื› ืขืจ ื•ื•ื™ื™ืกื˜, ื–ืึธื’ื˜ ืขืจ, ื’ืึทื ืฅ ื’ื•ื, 
ืฐืึธืก ืคืึทืจ ืึท ื•ื•ืขื”ื˜ื™ื’ ืขืจ ื˜ื”ื•ื˜-ืึธืŸ ื–ื™ื™ื ืข ืขืœื˜ืขืจืขืŸ; ื ืึทืจ ื“ืึธืก 
ืฉืœืึธื’ืขืŸ ื–ื™ืš ืคื•ืŸ ืงื™ื ื“ื•ื•ื™ื™ื– ืึตืŸ ืฆื• ื“ืขืจ ืœื™ื›ื˜ื™ื’ืงื™ื™ื˜, ื“ืึธืก ืจื™ื™ืกืขืŸ ื–ื™ืš 
ืฆื• ื“ืขืจ ืฐื™ืกืขื ืฉืึทืคื˜ ืื™ื– ื‘ื™ื™ ืื™ื”ื ืึทื–ืฑ ื’ืจื•ื™ืก, ืึทื–ืฑ ืฉื˜ืึทืจืง, ืึทื–ึผ 
ืขืก ื”ืึธื˜ ื’ื•ื‘ืจ ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ". 


ืึท ,ืฐื™ื’ืจื™ืฉื ืข ื‘ื™ืœื•ืขื" 85 


ื“ืึธ ื“ืขืจืžืึทื ื˜ ื–ื™ืš ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืื™ื 'ื ื—ืœื•ื, ืฐืึธืก ืกืข ื”ืึธื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืื™ื”ื—ื 
ื’ืข'ื—ืœื•ืž'ื˜, ืื•ืŸ ืขืก ื˜ื”ื•ื˜ ืื™ื”ื ื ื˜ื™ืึทื›ืงืข ื“ืึธืก ื”ืึทืจืฅ, ื•ื™ ื 
ืžืขื ืฉ, ืฐืึธืก ื“ืขืจืžืึทื ื˜ ื–ื™ืš, ืื– ืžืข ื‘ืขื“ืึทืจืฃ ืื™ื”ื ืžืื›ืขืŸ ืึตื™ืŸ 
ืึธืคึผืขืจืืฆื™ืข,,, ืขืจ ื˜ื”ื•ื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืึท ื—ืึทื: 

--- ืฐืึธืก ? ืฐืึธืก 4 ื ืึธืš ื ืžืึธืœ, ืœื™ื™ืขื ื˜ ื ืึธืš ื ืžืึธืœ, ื•ืืก 
ืฉืจื™ื™ื‘ื˜ ืขืจ ื•ืึธืก 1... 

ื™ืจื—ืžื™ืืœื™ืžืฉื— ื˜ื—ื•ื˜ ืึท ืจื•ืง ื“ื™ ื‘ืจื™ืœืขืŸ ืึทืจืฑืฃ ืื•ืŸ ื•ื•ื™ืœ ืœื™ื™ืขื ืขืŸ 
ื ืึธืš ื˜ ืžืึธืœ, ืคึผืœื•ืฆื™ื ืขืคืขื ื˜ ื–ื™ืš ื“ื™ ื˜ื—ื™ืจ ืื•ืŸ ืขืก ืงื•ืžื˜ ืึทืจื™ืŸ.. 


ื‘ืชื™ื”"ื”ื™ื ื“ืข ื“ื™ ืจื‘ื™ืฆื™ืŸ, ื™ืจื—ืžื™ืืœื™ืžืฉื”'ืก ื•ื™ื™ื‘, ืึท ืื™ื“ื™ื ืข 
ื ื™ื ืึทื–ื˜ ื’ืจืึธื‘ืข ื•ื™ ืึท ื—ื•ื™ื›ืข, ืื•ืŸ ื ื™ื˜ 8ื•ืึท ืฉืขื ืข ืฐื™ ื ื’ืขืœืข, ืžื™ื˜ 
ืึท ื’ืจื•ื™ืกืขืŸ ืงืึทืฉืขืง ืคื•ื 'ื ืžืึทืจืง,. ืื™ืŸ ืงืึทืฉืขืง ื”ืึธื˜ ื–ื™ืš ื’ืขืคื•ื ืขืŸ 
ืคื•ืŸ ื›ืœ ื˜ื•ื‘: ืงืืจื˜ืึธืคืœืขืก, ืื•ืŸ ืฆื™ื‘ืขืœืขืก, ืื•ืŸ ืฆื•ื•ื™ื™ ืฉืฐืึทืจืฆืข 
ืจืขื˜ืึทื›ืขืจ, ืื•ืŸ ืึท ืฉื˜ื™ืงืข? ืงื ื’-ืื•ืŸ-ืœืขื›ืขืจ, ืฐืึธืก ื–ื™ ื”ืึธื˜ ืงื•ื™ื 
ืื•ื™ืกื’ืขืฐื•ื™ื™ื ื ื‘ื™ื™ ืฉืžื—ื—-ืœื™ื‘ ื“ืขื ืงืฆื‘, ืžื—ืžืช 37ื ื’-ืื•ืŸ-ืœืขื‘ืขืฃ 
ืื™ื– ืึทื–ืึท ืกื—ื•ืจื”, ืฐืึธืก ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ืขื ืื™ื–, ื‘ืจื•ืš ื”ืฉื, ืคืืจื”ืืŸ ืชืžื™ืšื“ 
ื—ื•ื ื“ืขืจื˜ ื‘ืขืœื ื™ื ; ื•ื•ื™ื™ื‘ืขืจ ืฉืœืึธื ืขืŸ ื–ื™ืš ืื™ื‘ืขืจ ื“ืขื ืื™ืŸ ืžืึธืจืง, 
ื•ื•ื™, ืœื”ื‘ึผื“ื™ืค, ืื™ืŸ ืฉื•ื—? ื“ื™ ืžืึทื ืกื‘ื™ืœืขืŸ ืื™ื‘ืขืจ ,ืืชื”-ื—ืจืื™ืช", -- 
ืื•ืŸ ืก'ืื™ืŸ ื’ืืจ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ื—ื™ื“ื•ืฉ ื ื™ื: ืึทื– ืงืึธืกื˜ืขืŸ ืงืึธืกื˜ ื“ืึธืก ืฐืึธืœื™ 
ืฐืขืœ, ืื•ืŸ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ื™ื ืขืจ ื”ืึธื˜ ื“ืึธืก ื ื™ื˜. ื“ืึธืก ืึทืŸ ืžืข ืงืึทื›ื˜ ืžื™ื˜ 
ืงืึทืจื˜ืึธืคืœืขื ืื•ืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ืฆื™ื‘ืขืœืขืก ืื•ืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ื’ืขื ื•ื’ ืคืขืคืขืจ ืื•ืŸ ืกืข 
ื“ื•ืฉืขื˜ ื–ื™ืš ื’ื•ื ืึตื™ื™ืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืก'ืื™ืŸ ืžืึธื˜ื˜ืงืข -- ืื™ืŸ ื“ืืš ืขืก ื˜ืขื 
ื’{-ืขื“ืŸ 1.. 


ืึทืจื™ื™ื ื’ืขืงื•ืžืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจื–ืขื”ืขืŸ ื“ืขื ืฉืžืฉ ื–ื™ืฆืขืŸ ื‘ื™ื™'ื ื˜ื™ืฉ 
ืžื™ื˜ ืื™ื”ืจ ืžืึทืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืœื™ื™ืขื ืขืŸ, ื”ืึธื˜ ื‘ืชื™ื”-ื”ื™ื ื“ืข ื ืงื•ืง ื’ืขื˜ื”ืึธืŸ 
ืื•ื™ืฃ ื–ื™ื™ ื‘ื™ื™ื“ืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ ื’ืขืฐืึธืœื˜ ื–ืขื”ืขืŸ, ืฆื™ ื“ืขืจ ืฉืœื™ื"ืžื–? ื•ื•ื™ื™ืกื˜ 
ืฉื•ื™ืŸ, ืฆื™ ื ื™ื™ืŸ ? ื’ืึธืจ ืคื•ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืขืจืข ืคึผื ื™ื'ืขืจ ื”ืึธื˜ ื–ื™ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื’ืขืงืึทื ื˜ 
ืึทืจืฑื™ืกื–ืขื”ืขืŸ ื’ืึธืจื ื™ื˜, ื”ืึธื˜ ื–ื™ ืึทืฐืขืงื’ืขืฉื˜ืขืœื˜ ื“ืขื ืงืึธืฉืขืง ืื•ืŸ ื 
ื•ื•ืื•ื ืง ื’ืขื˜ื”ืึธืŸ ืฆื• ืื™ื—ืจ ืžืึทืŸ, ื‘ืฉืขืช ืžืขืฉื” ื–ื™ืš ื ืฐื™ืฉ ื’ืขื˜ื”ืึธ: 
ืžื™ื˜ ื“ืขืจ ื”ืึทื ื“ ืื™ื‘ืขืจ'ืŸ ืคึผื ื™ื ืคื•ืŸ ืื•ื ื˜ืขืŸ ืฉืจื•ื™ืฃ. 


4 ืฉืœื•ื-ืขืœื™ื›ื 


--- ื—ืžื™ืœื™ืžืฉื”, ืงื•ืื ืึธ ืึทื”ืข!? -- ื”ืึธื˜ ื–ื™ ืื™ื”ื ื ืึธื’ 
ื’ืขื˜ื”ืึธืŸ,. ื™ืจื—ืžื™ืืœ-ืžืฉื” ื”ืึธื˜ ื–ื™ืš ื’ืขืฉื˜ื•ื™ืกืขืŸ, ืึทื– ื‘ืชื™ื”-ื”ื™ื ื“ืข 
ื–ื•ื™? ืื™ื”ื ืžืกืชืžื ืขืคึผื™ืก ื–ืึธื’ืขืŸ, ื”ืึธื˜ ืขืจ ืืฑื™ืกื ืขื˜ื”ืึธืŸ ื“ื™ ื‘ืจื™ืœืขืŸ 
ืื•ืŸ ื”ืึธื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืึทืจืฑืกื’ืขื—ืึทืคึผื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืึท ืžื™ื ื•ื˜. ืื™ืŸ ื”ื•ื™ื– ืึทืจืฑืก, ืื•ืŸ 
ื“ืึธืจื˜, ืื•ื™ืฃ ื™ืขื ืขืจ ื–ื™ื™ื˜ ื˜ื”ื™ืจ, ืื™ื– ืคืึธืจื’ืขืงื•ืžืขืŸ ืฆื•ื•ื™ืฉืขืŸ ืžืึทืŸ 
ืื•ืŸ ื•ื•ื™ื™ื‘ ืฉื˜ื™ืœืขืจื—ื™ื™ื“, ืื•ื ื˜ืขืจ ืคื™ืขืจ ืื•ื™ื’ืขืŸ, ืื–ื ืžื™ืŸ ื’ืขืฉืคึผืจืขืŸ ; 
ื–ื™: ืขืจ ื•ื™ื™ืกื˜ ืฉื™ืŸ? 
ืขืจ: ื•ืขืจ? 
{ = ื“ืขืจ ืฉืœื™ื-ืžื–ืœ. 
ืขืจ: ืฐืึธืกืขืจ ืฉืœื™ื-ืžื•ืœ4 
ื–ื™: ื“ืขืจ ืฉืžืฉ. 
ืขืจ: ืคื•ืŸ ืฐืึธืก? 
ืคื•ื 'ื ื–ื•ื—ืŸ. 
{ ืคื•ืŸ ืฐืึธืกืขืจ ื–ื•ื”ืŸ ? 
ื•ื™ ;: ืคื•ืŸ ื‘ื ื™ืžื™ื 'ืขืŸ. 
{ ืึทื– ืฐืึธืก ? 
{ ื“ื™ ื’ืึทื ืฆืข ืฉื˜ืึธื“ื˜ ื”ืึธื˜ ืฆื• ื˜ื”ื•ืŸ ! 
{ ืžื™ื˜ ื•ื•ืขืžืขืŸ ? 
ื–ื™: ืกืคื™ื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื–ื•ื—ืŸ. 
ืขืจ: ืžื™ื˜ ื•ื•ืขืžืขื 'ืก ื–ื•ื”ืŸ 4 
ื–ื™ : ืกื™ื˜'ืŸ ืฉืžืฉ'ืก ื–ื•ื”ืŸ. 
ืขืจ: ืึทื–ืฐืึธืก? 
ื–ื™;: ื˜ืคื• ื–ืึธืœืกื˜ ื“ื• ืฐืขืจืขืŸ!.. 
ื’ืึธื˜ ื•ื•ื™ื™ืกื˜, ื•ื•ื™ืคื™ืขืœ ื“ืึธืก ื ืขืฉืคึผืจืขืš ืฐืึธืœื˜ ื–ื™ืš ื ืึธืš ื ื’ืขืฆื•ื™ื’ืขืŸ, 
ื•ื•ืขืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืฉืžืฉ ืึทืœึตื™ื™ืŸ ื–ืึธืœ ื ื™ื˜ ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ืื•ื ื˜ืขืจืงื•ืžืขืŸ ืึท ื“ืขืจืฉืจืึธ- 
ืงืขื ืขืจ ืื•ืŸ ืึท ืคืจืขื’ ื˜ื”ื•ืŸ : 
--- ื”ืึท ? ืฐืึธืก ? ืฐืึธืก ื“ืขืจืฆืขื”ืœื˜ ืื™ื”ืจ ืขืคึผื™ืก? ืฐืึธืก ื”ืึธื˜ 
ืื™ื”ืจ ืขืคึผื™ืก ื’ืขื–ืึธื’ื˜ ื‘ื ื™ืžื™ืŸ --- ืฐืึธืก ? 
ื›ืชื™ื”-ื”ื™ื ื“ืข ื”ืึธื˜ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื’ืขื•ื•ืื•ืกื˜, ืฐืึธืก ื–ืึธืœ ื–ื™ ื˜ื”ื•ืŸ, ื•ื™ 
ืึทื–ื•ื™ ื“ืจืขื”ื˜ ืžืขืŸ ื–ื™ืš ื“ืึธ ืื•ื™ืก ? ืœืžืื™ ื–ืึธืœ ื–ื™ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืฉืœื™ื— 4 


ืึท ,ื•ื•ื™ื’ืจื™ืฉื ืข ื‘ื•ืœื•ืฐื" 5 


ืึทืžืขื”ืจ, ืฐืขื˜ ื–ื™ ืื™ื”ื ื‘ืขืกืขืจ ืึธืคึผืฉื™ืงืขืŸ ื’ืœื™ื™ืš ืฆื• ืคืขืžืขืœ ื“ืขื 
ืกื˜ืึทืจืึธืกื˜ืข, ืœืึธืŸ ืขืจ ื–ื™ืš ืžื™ื˜ ืื™ื”ื ืฉืœืึธื’ืขืŸ ืงืึธืคึผ ืึธืŸ ืฐืึทื ื“. 

--- ื’ืืจ ื ื™ืฉื˜, ื•ื•ื™ื™ืก ืื™ืš ! --- ืžืึทื›ื˜ ื‘ืชื™ื—-ื”ื™ื ื“ืข ืื•ืŸ ื•ื•ื™ืฉื˜ 
ื–ื™ืš ื“ืึธืก ืคึผื ื™ื ืžื™ื˜ ื“ืขืจ ื”ืึทื ื“ ืึทืจื•ื™ืฃ. --- ืขืคึผื™ืก ืึท ืคึผืึทืคึผื™ืขืจ, ื–ืึธื ื˜ 
ืžืขืŸ, ืื™ื– ืึธื ื’ืขืงื•ืžืขืŸ ืžื›ื— ืื™ืขืจ ื–ื•ื”ืŸ. 

--- ืฐืึธืกืขืจ ืึท ืคึผืึทืคึผื™ืขืจ ? --- ืคืจืขื’ื˜ ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ื˜ื•ื™ื“ื˜ ื•ื™ ื“ื•ึผ 
ืœืขื”ื, 

-- ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืื•ืคึผืจืึทืฐืข ื“ืึธืจื˜ืขืŸ. --- ื–ืึธื’ื˜ ื‘ืชื™ื—-ื”ื™ื ื“ืข, 

-- ืฐืึธืกืขืจ ืื•ืคึผื•ืึทื•ืข ? 

-- ืฆื•ื ืกื˜ืืจืึธืกื˜ืข. 

--- ืžื›ื— ืฐืึธืก ? 

-- ืœืขืžืขืœ, ื”ื™ื™ืกื˜ ื“ืึธืก. 

-- ืึทื– ื•ืึธืก ? 

--- ืื™ืขืจ ื‘ื ื™ืžื™ืŸ, ื”ื™ื™ืกื˜ ื“ืึธืก. 

--- ืฐืึธืก ื‘ื ื™ืžื™ืŸ 4 ื‘ื ื™ืžื™ืŸ ? --- ืคืจืขื ื˜ ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืžื™ื˜ ื›ืขืก. 

--- ืื™ืš ื•ื•ื™ื™ืก ืฐืึธืก ? ืคืจืขื’ื˜ ืžื™ืš ื‘ื—ืจื ! ื–ื™ื™ื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืžื˜ืจื™ื— 
ืึทื”ื™ืŸ, ืฆื• ืœืขืžืœืขืŸ ื”ื™ื™ืกื˜ ื“ืึธืก, ืขืจ ืื™ื– ืื™ืฆื˜ืขืจ ืื™ืŸ ืžืึทืจืง, ืœืขืžืขืค 
ื”ื™ื™ืกื˜ ื“ืึธืก, ืžื™ื˜'ืŸ ืคึผืึทืคึผื™ืขืจ. 

ืคึผืึทืคึผื™ืขืจ,,, ืœืขืžืขืค,,., ืื•ืคึผืจืึทืฐืข... ื‘ื ื™ืžื™ืŸ.., ื“ื™ ื ืึทื ืฆืข ืฉื˜ืึธืจื˜... 
ืฐืึธืก ื–ืึธืœ ื“ืึธืก ื‘ืขื“ื™ื™ื˜ืขืŸ ?" -- ื˜ืจืึทื›ื˜ ื–ื™ืš ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ืื•ืŸ ืขืจ ืคื™ื—ืœื˜, 
ืึทื– ืขืก ืคืœืึทืžื˜ ืื™ื”ื ืึท ื‘ืึทืง ืื•ืŸ ืขืก ืคื™ื™ืคื˜ ืื™ื”ื ืื™ืŸ ืื•ื™ื”ืขืจ. 
ืขืจ ืจื•ืงื˜-ืึธืŸ ื“ืึธืก ื”ื™ื˜ืขืค, ื‘ื•ื™ื’ื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืื™ื™ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื“ืจื™ื™ืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืœืึธื–ื˜ 
ื–ื™ืš ื’ืขื”ืŸ. 


ืž. 


ืคึฟืึทืจื”ืึทืŸ ืžืขื ืฉืขืŸ, ืฐืึธืก ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ ืœื™ืขื‘ ืึธื ืงื•ืงืขืŸ ื™ืขื ืขื ื‘ืฉืขืช. 
ืื•ืžื’ืœื™ืก, ืึทืจื™ื™ื ืงื•ืงืขืŸ ื™ืขื ืขื ื ืœื™ื™ืš ืื™ืŸ ืคึผื ื™ื ืืจื™ื™ืŸ ื“ื•ืงื ื‘ืฉืขืช 
ืขืจ ื•ื•ื™ื™ื ื˜, ื ืึธื›ืงื•ืงืขืŸ ื™ืขื ืขื, ื•ื™ ืึทื–ืฑ ืขืจ ื’ืขื”ื˜ ื ืึธืš ื“ืขืจ ืœื•ื™ื”, ื–ื™ืฃ' 


46 : ืฉืœื•ื-ืขืœื™ื›ื. 


ืฆื•ืงื•ืงืขืŸ, ืฐื™ ื™ืขื ืขืจ ื‘ืจืขื›ื˜ ื“ื™ ื”ืขื ื“, ืฉืœืึธื’ื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืงืึธืคึผ ืึธืŸ ื•ืึทื ืจ, 
ื•ื›ื“ื•ืžื”. ืื™ืš ื”ืึทืœื˜ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ืึทื–ืขืœื›ืข ืกืฆืขื ืขืก. ืœืึธื– ืžืขืŸ ื–ืึธื’ืขืŸ 
ืฐืึธืก ืžืข ื•ื•ื™? --- ืื™ืš ื”ืึธื‘ ืคื™ื™ื ื˜ ื˜ืจื•ื™ืขืจื™ื’ืข ื‘ื™ืœื“ืขืจ. ืžื™ื™ืŸ ืžื•ื•ืข 
ื˜ืจืึธื ื˜ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืฉืฐืึทืจืฆืขืŸ ืฉืœื™ื™ืขืจ ืื•ื™ืค'ืŸ ืคึผื ื™ื; ืžื™ื™ืŸ ืžื•ื–ืข 
ืื™ื– ืึทื™ื™ืŸ ืึธืจืขืžืข, ื ืึธืจ ืึท ืคืจื™ื™ืœื™ื›ืข... ื•ื•ืื•ื—ื™ืŸ ื”ืึธื˜ ื–ื™ืš ื’ืขืœืึธื–ื˜ 
ืœื•ื™ืคืขืŸ ื™ืฉืจื? ื“ืขืจ ืฉืžืฉ 4 ืกื™ื˜ ื•ื•ืขืžืขืŸ ื”ืึธื˜ ืขืจ ื–ื™ืš ื’ืขื–ืขื”ืขืŸ ? 
ืฐืึธืก ื”ืึธื˜ ืขืจ ื’ืขื”ืขืจื˜ 4 ืฐืึธืก ื”ืึธื˜ ืขืจ ื’ืขื–ืึธื’ื˜ ? --- ืคืจืขื’ื˜ ื’ืึธืจ 
ื ื™ืฉื˜, ืื™ื”ืจ ืฐื•ืขื˜ ื“ืขืจืคื•ืŸ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืชืขื ื•ื’ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ. ืฐืึธืก ืฐืขื˜ 
ืื™ื™ืš ืึทืจื•ื™ืกืงื•ืžืขืŸ, ืึทืฉื˜ืฒื™ื’ืขืจ, ืึทื– ืื™ื”ืจ ืฐืขื˜ ื’ืขืฐืึธื”ืจ ื•ื•ืขืจืขืŸ, ืึทื– 
ืก'ืื™ื– ืคืึทืจื”ืืŸ ืžืขื ืฉืขืŸ, ืฐืึธืก ื™ืขื ืขืž'ืก ืฆืจื” ืื™ื– ื‘ื™ื™ ื–ื™ื™ ื ืึธืจ ื 
,ื ื™ื™ืขืก", ื™ืขื ืขืž'ืก ื”ืึทืจืฅ ืื™ื– ืึท ืคื™ืขื“ืขืœ, ื™ืขื ืขืž'ืก ื ืขืจื•ื•ืขืŸ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ 
ืกื˜ืจื•ื ืขืก, ื™ืขื ืขืž'ืก ื•ื•ื™ื™ื ืขืŸ ืื™ื– ื ื ื™ื’ื•ืŸ ืื•ืŸ ื™ืขื ืขืž'ืก ื ืฉืžื” -- ืึท 
ืฉืคึผื™ืขืœืขื›ืข?? ืฐืึธืก ืฐืขื˜ ืื™ื™ืš ืืจื•ื™ืกืงื•ืžืขืŸ, ืœืžืฉืœ, ืึทื– ืื™ื”ืจ ืฐืขื˜ 
ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ื’ืขืฐื•ืึธื”ืจ ื•ื•ืขื“ืขืŸ, ืึทื– ืขืก ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ ื–ื™ืš ื’ืขืคื•ื ืขืŸ ืึทื–ืขืœื›ืข, ืฐืึธืก 
ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ ื“ืขืจืœืขื‘ื˜ ืึท ื ืงืžื” ืื™ืŸ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื“ืขื ืฉืžืฉ, ื“ืขืจืคืึทืจ, ืฐืึธืก 
ืขืจ ื”ืึธื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืึทืจื•ืžื ืขื˜ืจืึธื’ืขืŸ ื˜ืึธื’ ืฐื™ ื ืึทื›ื˜ ืžื™ื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ,ื•ื•ื™ื’ืจื™ืฉื ืข 
ื‘ื™ืœื™ืขื˜" ? 

-- ืึท โ€ ืžืฆื•ื”! -- ื”ืึธื˜ ื’ืขื–ืึธื ื˜ ื”ื ื’ื™ื“ ืจื‘ ื—ื™ืจืฉ ืžื™ื ื–ื™ื™ืŸ 
ืฆื•ื•ื™ื™ืขื ื“ื™ื’ ื”ื•ืกื˜ืข? ืื•ืŸ ื ืขื’ืœืขื˜ ื–ื™ืš ื‘ืฉืขืช ืžืขืฉื” ื“ืึธืก ื‘ื™ื™ื›ืขืœ. -- 
ืึท ืžืฆื•ื” ! ืœืึธื– ืึท ืงื‘ืฆืŸ ื—ืž... ื”ื˜... ื ื™ื˜ ืฉืคึผืจื™ื ื’ืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืคึผื ื™ื ืึทืจื™ื™ืŸ ! 
ื“ืึธืงื˜ื•ื™ืจื™ื ื ืึธืจ, ื”ื˜... ื”ืž...! 

ื ืกืš ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ, ื’ืขื•ื•ื™ื™ื ื˜ืœื™ืš, ืจื—ืžื ื•ืช ื’ืขื”ืึทื˜ ืื•ื™ืคืฅ ืฉืžืฉ 
ื’ืขื‘ืืš. ื ืึธืจ ืื™ืš ืžื™ื™ืŸ, ืึทื– ืขืก ื‘ืขื“ืึทืจืฃ ืึทื™ื™ืšึฐ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืงืขื ื˜ืœื™ืš ื“ืึธืก 
ืฐืึธืจื˜ , ื ืขื‘ืืš". 

| --- ืœืึธื– ืื™ื™ืš ื’ืึธื˜ ื”ื™ื˜ืขืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ืึท ืื™ื“ื™ืฉืขืจ ื˜ื•ื‘ื” ืื•ืŸ ืคื•ืŸ 8 
ืื™ืจื™ืฉืขืŸ ,ื’ืขื‘ืืš", --- ืึทื–ืฑ ืคืœืขื ื˜ ื–ืึธื’ืขืŸ ืžื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ืึทื‘ืข ืžื™ื ื“ืข ืขืœื™ื” 
ื”ืฉืœื•ื --- ืฐืึธืจื•ื ืคื•ืŸ ืึท ืื™ื“ื™ืฉืขืจ ื˜ื•ื‘ื” ืงืึธืŸ ื—ืึทืจื˜ ื•ื•ืขืจืขืŸ ื“ืขืจ 
ืงืึธืคึผ ืื•ืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ืึท ืื™ื“ื™ืฉืขืŸ ,ื ืขื‘ืึทืš" --- ื”ื™ื™ืœื™ืง ื“ื™ ืฆื™ื™ื—ืŸ.. 

ืขืจืฉื˜ ืึทืจื•ื ืคืึทืจื ืึทื›ื˜ืœื™ืš ื”ืึธื˜ ื–ื™ืš ื™ืฉืจื? ืคึผืขืจืฉืœืขืคึผื˜ ืึทื”ื™ื™ื, 
ืงื•ื™ื ืึท ืœืขื‘ืขื“ื™ื’ืขืจ, ืฉื˜ื™ืœ ื–ื™ืš ืึทืจืึทืคึผื’ืขืœืึธื–ื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ืขืจ ืขืจื“, ืื•ื™ืก" 


ืึท , ื•ื•ื™ื’ืจื•ืฉื ืข ื‘ื•ืœื™ืขื˜" 47 
ื’ืขื˜ื”ืึธืŸ ื“ื™ ืฉื˜ื™ื•ื•ืขืœ, ื’ืขืจื™ื˜ืขืŸ ืงืจื™ืขื” ืื•ืŸ ื”ืึธื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืึทืฐืขืงื ืขื–ืขืฆื˜ 
ืื•ื™ืฃ ืึท ืฉืขื” ,ืฉื‘ืขื”". ื“ืึธืก ืื™ื™ื’ืขื ืข ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ ื’ืขื˜ื”ืึธืŸ ืกื™ืžืข ืื•ืŸ 
ืึทืœืข ื“ืจื™ื™ ื˜ืขื›ื˜ืขืจ --- ืคึผืขืกื™ืœ, ืกืึธืกื™ืœ ืื•ืŸ ื‘ืจื›ื—'ืฆื™, --- ื’ืขื•ื•ื™ื™ื ื˜- 
ืœื™ืš, ื’ืขื ื•ื’ ื’ืขื•ื•ื™ื™ื ื˜, ื’ืขื ื•ื’ ื’ืขื™ืึธืžืขืจื˜ ืื•ืŸ ื’ืขื ื•ื’ ื’ืขืฉืœืึธื ืขืŸ ื–ื™ืš 
ืงืึธืคึผ ืึทืŸ ืฐืึทื ื“, ื—ืึธื˜ืฉ ื–ื™ื™ ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ ื’ืขื ื•ื’ ืื™ื™ื ื’ืขืœืขื ื˜ ื“ื™ ื•ื•ืขืœื˜ ื ืึธืš 
ืคืจื™ื”ืขืจ, ืื™ื™ื“ืขืจ ื™ืฉืจื? ืื™ื– ื’ืขืงื•ืžืขืŸ, 

ืฉืคึผืขื˜ืขืจ, ืึทื– ื™ืจื—ืžื™ืืœ-ืžืฉื— ื“ืขืจ ืžืœืžื“ ืื™ืŸ ื’ืขืงื•ืžืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ 
ืžื ื—ื"ืื‘? ื–ื™ื™ืŸ, ื”ืึธื˜ ืขืจ ื’ืขื˜ืจืึธืคืขืŸ ืื–ื ืžื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ืœืจ: ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืื™ื– 
ื’ืขื–ืขืกืขืŸ ื‘ืขื”ืืœื˜ืขืŸ ื“ืขื ืงืึธืคึผ ืฆื•ื•ื™ืฉืขืŸ ื“ื™ ืงื ื™ื”ืขืก; ืกื™ืžืข ื”ืึธื˜ 
ื–ื™ืš ืคืขืจืฉื˜ืขืœื˜ ื“ืึธืก ืคึผื ื™ื ืžื™ื˜ ื‘ื™ื™ื“ืข ื”ืขื ื“ ืื•ืŸ ื’ืขื•ื•ื™ื™ื ื˜ ืฉื˜ื™ืœืขืจ- 
ื”ื™ื™ื“, ืื•ืŸ ืคึผืขืกื™ืœ, ืกืึธืกื™ืœ ืžื™ื˜ ื‘ืจื›ื—'ืฆื™ืŸ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื’ืขื–ืขืกืขืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ืจื•ื™ื˜ืข 
ื’ืขืฉืฐืึธืœืขื ืข ืื•ื™ื’ืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ ื’ืขืงื•ืกื˜ ืžื™ื˜ ืคืขืจื’ืœื™ื•ื•ืขืจื˜ืข ืคึผื ื™ืž'ืขืจ ืื™ื˜- 
ืœื™ื›ืข ืื™ืŸ ืึทื™ื™ืŸ ืึทื ื“ืขืจ ื•ื•ื™ื ืงืขืœ. ื“ืขืจ ื•ื•ืขื—ื˜ื™ื’ ืžื™ื˜'ืŸ ื‘ื–ื™ื•ืŸ ืื™ื– ืคืึทืจ 
ื–ื™ื™ ืืœืขืžืขืŸ ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ, ืืคึผื ื™ื, ืึทื–ืฑื™ ื’ืจื•ื™ืก, ืึทื– ื–ื™ื™ ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื’ืข- 
ืงืึทื ื˜ ืงื•ืงืขืŸ ืื™ื™ื ืก ื“ืึธืก ืึทื ื“ืขืจืข ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืื•ื™ื’ืขืŸ ืืจื™ื™ืŸ.. 

ืึทืจื™ื™ื ื’ืขืงื•ืžืขืŸ ืื™ื– ื™ืจื—ืžื™ืืœ-ืžืฉื” ืฉื˜ื™ืœ, ืึถื”ืŸ ื ื’ืึธื˜-ื”ืขืœืฃ, 
ื–ื•ื™ ื’ืขื•ื•ื™ื™ื ื˜ืœื™ืš ืžืข ืงื•ืžื˜ ืืจื™ื™ืŸ ืฆื• ืึตื™ื™ืŸ ืึธื‘?, ื–ื™ืš ืึทืฐืขืงื’ืขื–ืขืฆื˜ 
ืคึผืึทืฐืืœื™ื ืงืข ื‘ื™ื™ ื“ืขืจ ื–ื™ื™ื, ืื•ื™ืฃ ืึทื™ื™ืŸ ืขืง ื‘ืขื ืงืขืœ, ืึท ื–ื™ืคืฅ ื’ืขื˜ื”ืึธืŸ 
ืื•ืŸ ืฉืฉ -- ืฉื˜ื•ื ื•ื™ ื“ื™ ืฐืึทื ื“. ืฉืคึผืขื˜ืขืจ ืึท ื‘ื™ืกืข? -- ื ืึธืš 8 
ื–ื™ืคืฅ, ืื•ืŸ ืึทื ืฉื•ื•ื™ื’ืขืŸ ื’ืขืฐืึธืจืขืŸ, ืื•ืŸ ื•ื•ื™ื™ื˜ืขืจ ืึท ื–ื™ืคืฅ, ืื•ืŸ ื•ื•ื™ืขื“ืขืจ 
ืื ืฉื•ื•ื™ื’ืขืŸ ื’ืขืฐืึธืจืขืŸ, ืขืจืฉื˜ ืื™ืŸ ืขื˜ืœื™ื›ืข ืžื™ื ื•ื˜ ืึตืจื•ึนื ื”ืึธื˜ ืขืจ 
ื–ื™ืš ืืจื•ืžื’ืขืงื•ืงื˜, ืึทื– ืก'ืื™ืŸ ืขืคึผื™ืก ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืชื›ืœื™ืช ื–ื™ืฆืขืŸ ืึทื–ืฑ 
ืื•ืŸ ืฉื•ื•ื™ื™ื’ืขืŸ, ืžืข ื‘ืขื“ืึทึธืจืฃ ืขืคึผื™ืก ื–ืึธื’ืขืŸ ื ื’ื•ื˜ ืฐืึธืจื˜. ื ืึธืจ ืฐืึธืก 
ื–ืึธื ื˜ ืžืขืŸ? ืžื™ื›ื, ื ืึธืš ืึท ื‘ืจ"ืžื™ื ืŸ, ืื– ืขืก ืžืึทื›ื˜ ื–ื™ืš, ื—ืœื™ืœื—, 
ืžืข ื–ื™ืฆื˜ ืฉื‘ืขื” ืื•ืŸ ืžืข ืกื•ืžื˜ ืžื ื—ื-ืึธื‘? ื–ื™ื™ืŸ, ื’ืขืคื™ื ื˜ ื–ื™ืš ื ืึธืš 
ืฐืขืจื˜ืขืจ: ,ื“' ื ืชืŸ ื“' ืœืงื—",.. ืึธื“ืขืจ: ,ืึท ืžืขื ืฉ ืื™ืŸ, ืžืฉื˜ื™ื™ื ืก 
ื’ืขื–ืื’ื˜, ื’ืขื ืœื™ื›ืขืŸ ืฆื• ื ืคืœื™ืขื’"... ืึธื“ืขืจ: ,ื“ืขืจ ื˜ื•ื™ื“ื˜ -- ื“ืึธืก 
ืื™ืŸ ื˜ื–ืฉ ื–ืืš, ืฐืึธืก ืื•ื™ืกื“ืจืขื”ืขืŸ ื–ื™ืš ื“ืขืจืคื•ืŸ ืกืึธืŸ ืžืขืŸ ื ื™ื˜".. 
ืึธื“ืขืจ: ,ืขื, ื—ื‘ืœ ื”ื‘ืœื™ื, ื’ืœื•ื™ื‘ื˜ ืžื™ืจ, ืžื™ืจ ื•ืขืœืขืŸ ืึทืœืข ืฉื˜ืึทืจ- 
ื‘ืขืŸ"... ื•ื›ื“ื•ืžื” ืึทื–ืขืœื›ืข ื•ื•ืขืจื˜ืขืจ, ืฐืึธืก ืฉื˜ืึทืจืง ืคืจื™ื™ืœื™ืš ืื•ื™ืืฅ 


423 ืฉืœื•ื-ืขืœื™ืคื 


ื”ืืจืฆืขืŸ ืงืึธืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ ื ื™ื˜ ื•ื•ืขืจืขืŸ ; ื ืึธืจ ื“ืึธืš ืื™ื– ื“ืึธืก ื ืฉื˜ื™ืงืขืœ 
ืจืคื•ืื” : ืžืขื ืฉืขืŸ ืจืขื“ืขืŸ-ืื•ื™ืก ื“ืึธืก ื”ืึทืจืฅ, ื•ื•ืขืจื“ ืึท ื‘ื™ืกืขืœ ื’ืจื™ื " 
ื’ืขืจ. ืึธื‘ืขืจ ืฐืึธืก ืงืึธืŸ ืžืขืŸ ื–ืึธื ืขืŸ ื“ืึธ, ื‘ื™ื™ ืึทื–ืึท ืžื™ืŸ , ืฉื‘ืขื”" ื–ื™ืฆืขืŸ 
ื ืึธืš ืึท ืœืขื‘ืขื“ื™ื ืขืŸ ?... ื™ืจื—ืžื™ืืœ-ืžืฉื” ื˜ื”ื•ื˜ ื–ื™ืš ื ื“ื“ืขื” ืื•ื™ืค'ืŸ 
ื‘ืขื ืงืขืœ ืžื™ื˜ ืึท ื”ื•ืกื˜ืขืœ, ื•ื•ื™ืœ ืขืคึผื™ืก ืึท ื–ืึธื’ ื˜ื”ื•ืŸ, ื ืึธืจ ืกืข ื–ืึธื’ื˜ ื–ื™ืš 
ื ื™ื˜. ืขืจ ืคึผื•ื•ื‘ื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืขื˜ืœื™ื›ืข ืžืึธืœ, ื‘ื™ืŸ ืงื•ื™ื-ืงื•ื™ื -- ืขืจ ื”ืึธื˜ 
ื–ื™ืš ืฆืขืจืขื“ื˜. ืื•ืŸ ืึทื– ืขืจ ื”ืึธื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืฆืขืจืขื“ื˜, ื”ืึธื˜ ืขืจ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื’ืข- 
ืงืึธื ื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืึธืคึผืฉื˜ืขืœืขืŸ, ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื’ืขื•ื•ืื•ืกื˜ ื“ื•ืจืš ืฐืึทื ืขืŸ ืžืข ื—ืึทืคึผื˜ ื–ื™ืš 
ืึทืจื•ื™ืก. 

--- ื˜ืึท, ืžื™ืœื, ืื•ื™ืš ื“ื™ ืื™ื™ื ืขื ืข ืžืขืฉื”. ืก'ืื™ื– ื“ืึธืš ื ืึธืจ, 
ื•ื™ ื–ืึธื’ื˜ ืขืจ, ื ื ืกื™ื•ืŸ, ืžื™ื™ืŸ ืื™ืš, ืคื•ืŸ ื ืึธื˜, ืฐืึธืจื•ื ืึทืœืกื“ื™ื ื’, ื”ืขืจื˜ 
ืื™ื”ืจ, ืื™ื– ืคื•ืŸ ืื™ื”ื, ืึถื”ืŸ ืื™ื”ื ื˜ื”ื•ื˜ ื–ื™ืš ื ื™ื˜ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ื–ืึทืš, ืึท 
ืžื™ื ื“ืกื˜ืขืŸ ืคื™ื ื’ืขืจ ื”ื•ื™ื‘ื˜ ืึท ืžืขื ื˜ืฉ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืคื•ืŸ ืื•ื ื˜ืขืŸ ื‘ึดื™ื– 
ืžืข ื”ื™ื™ืกื˜ ืื™ื”ื ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื“ืึธืจื˜ืขืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ืื•ื™ื‘ืขืŸ... ืขืจ ืื™ื–, ืฐืึธืก ื˜ื•ื™ื’ 
ืžื™ืจ ืžืขืฉื™ื•ืช, ืึท ืจืขื›ื˜ืขืจ ื‘ืขืœ-ื”ื‘ื™ืช, ืื•ื™, ืึท ื‘ืขืœ-ื”ื‘ื™ืช !... ืื•ืŸ 
ืื™ื”ื ืคืึธืœื’ื˜ ืžืขืŸ, ื ืึธืš ืึท ืžื™ืŸ ืคืึธืœื’ืขืŸ, ืื•ื™-ืื•ื™-ืื•ื™ !... ื“ืขืจื™ืžืึทืš 
ืื™ื– ื’ืขื“ืจื•ื ื’ืขืŸ, ืื™ื”ืจ ื”ืขืจื˜, ืึทื– ืขืก ื‘ืึทื“ืึทืจืฃ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืึทื–ืฑ ืฐื™ ืขืก ืื™ื•. 
ืึท ืกื™ืžืŸ ื”ืึธื˜ ืื™ื”ืจ, ืขืก ื–ืึธืœ ื‘ืึทื“ืึทืจืคืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื ื™ื˜ ืึทื–ืฑ, ืฐืึธืœื˜ ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ 
ื ื™ื˜ ืึทื–ืฑ, ืฐืึธืจื•ื ื•ื•ืขืจ ื ื•ื™ื˜ ื“ืึธืก ืื™ื”ื, ืก'ื–ืึธืœ ื“ื•ืงื ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืึทื– 
ืื•ืŸ ื ื™ื˜ ืึทื–ืฑ ? ืื•ืŸ ืึทื– ืขืจ ื–ืึธืœ ื•ื•ืขืœืขืŸ, ืก'ื–ืึธืœ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื ื™ื˜ ืึทื–ืฑ, ืฐืขื˜ 
ืื™ื”ื ืขืžื™ืฆืขืจ ื–ืึธื’ืขืŸ ื ื“ืขื”: ื ื™ื™ืŸ, ืœืึธื– ื‘ืขืกืขืจ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื ื™ื˜ ืึทื–ืฑ, 
ืžื™ื™ืŸ ืื™ืš, ืœืึธื– ื‘ืขืกืขืจ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืึทื–ืฑ ืื•ืŸ ื ื™ื˜ ืึทื–ืฑ ?... 

ื™ืจื—ืžื™ื?ืœ-ืžืฉื” ื”ืึธื˜ ื ืขืคื™ื”ืœื˜, ืึทื– ืขืจ ื”ื•ื™ื‘ื˜ ืขืคึผื™ืก ืึธึถืŸ ืฆื•. 
ืจืขื“ืขืŸ ืึทื–ืขืœื›ืขืก, ืฐืึธืก ืก'ืื™ื– ื ื™ื˜ืึธ ืฐืึธืก ืฆื•ึน ื”ืขืจืขืŸ, ื”ืึธื ืขืจ ื–ื™ืš 
ืึธืคึผื ืขืฉื˜ืขืœื˜, ื’ืขื ื•ืžืขืŸ ืึท ืฉืžืขืง ื˜ืึทื‘ืึทืง, ืึธื ื’ืขื‘ื•ื™ื ืขืŸ ื“ืขื ืงืึธืคึผ 
ืื•ื™ืฃ ื ื–ื™ื™ื˜ ืื•ืŸ ืึทืจืฑืกื’ืขืœืึธื–ื˜ ืึท ื˜ื™ืขืคืขืŸ ื–ื™ืคืฅ, ืื•ืŸ ื”ืึธื˜ ื‘ื™ื™ ื–ื™ืš 
ื’ืข'ืคึผื•ืขืœ'ื˜, ืึทื–ืŸ ืžืข ื‘ืขื“ืึทืจืฃ ื–ื™ืš ืื•ื™ืคื”ื•ื™ื‘ืขืŸ ื ืขื”ืŸ. ื ืึธืจ ืก'ืื™ื– 
ื’ืจื™ื ื’ ืฆื• ื–ืึธื’ืขืŸ , ืื•ื™ืคื”ื•ื™ื‘ืขืŸ ื–ื™ืš"; ื’ืขื” ื”ื•ื™ื‘ ื–ื™ืš ืืฑื™ืฃ, ืึทื– ืžืขืŸ 
ืื™ื– ืฆื•ื ืขืงืึธืฐื•ืขื˜ ืฆื•ื ื‘ืขื ืงืขืœ! ื ื™ืฉื˜ืึธ, ื”ืขืจื˜ ืื™ื—ืจ, ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืขืจื’ืข- 
ื“ืขืจ ื•ื•ื™ื–ื™ื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ืขืจ ื•ื•ืขืœื˜, ืฐื™ ืžื ื—ื-ืึธื‘? ื–ื™ื™ืŸ. ื•ื•ื™ืคื™ืขืœ ืžืึธืœ 


:5 ื•ืจื™ื’ืจื•ืฉื’ืข ื‘ื•ืœื•ืขืื˜" 0 


ืกื™ืจ ืžืื›ื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืงื•ืžืขืŸ ืฆื• ื™ืขื ืขื ืžื ื—ื˜"ืื‘? ื–ื™ื™ืŸ, ืงืึธืŸ ืื™ืš ืงื™ื " 
ืžืึธืœ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืื•ื™ืคื”ื•ื™ื‘ืขืŸ ื–ื™ืš ืื•ืŸ ืึทืฐืขืงื’ืขื”ืŸ ืึถื”ืŸ 6 ื–ื™ื™ื˜ื’ืขืฐื . 
ืฉื™ืš ื‘ืขื˜ ื’ืึธื˜ ืืœืข ืžืึธืœ, ืขืก ื–ืึธืœ ื–ื™ืš ืขืคึผื™ื ื˜ืจืขืžืขืŸ ื ื ื ืžืŸ 
ื”ืฉืžื™ื ; ืื“ืขืจ ื“ืขืจ ืฐืึธืก ื–ื™ืฆื˜ ื–ืึธืœ ืื ืฉืœืึธืคืขืŸ ื•ื•ืขืจืขืŸ ื–ื™ืฆืขื ืจื™ื’, 
ืฐื•ืขืœ ืื™ืš ืžื™ืš ืคึผืืฐืืœื™ื ืงืข ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื™ ืฉื˜ืคึผื™ืฅ ืคื™ื ื’ืขืจ ืึทืจื•ื™ืก ื’ื ื‘'ืขืŸ 
ืคื•ืŸ ืฉื˜ื•ื‘ { ืึธื“ืขืจ ื˜'ื–ืึธืœ ื–ื™ืš ืžืื›ืขืŸ ืขืคึผื™ืก ืคึผืœื•ืฆื™ื ืื™ืŸ ื“ืจื•ื™ื˜ืขืŸ 
ื ื’ืขืฉืœืขื’, ืึท ืฉืจืคื—, ืึตื™ื™ืŸ ืื™ื™ื ื’ืขืœื•ื™ืฃ, ืฐืขืœ ืื™ืš ืžื™ืš ื“ืขืจื•ื™ื™ืค 
ืงืึธื ืขืŸ ืืจื•ื™ืกื—ื˜ืžืขืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื’ืขืคืขื ื’ื ื™ืฉ... ื™ืจื—ืžื™ืืœ-ืžืฉื” ืื™ืŸ ื’ืขื–ืขืงืขืŸ 
ื’ืืš ืื‘ื™ืกืขืœ, ื‘ื™ื• ืขืจ ื”ืึธื ื˜ ืงื•ืง ื’ืขื˜ื”ืึธืŸ ืคืจื™ื”ืขืจ ืื•ื” ื“ืขืฃ 
ืคื˜ืขืœื™ ืื•ืŸ ื ืึธื›ื“ืขื ืื•ื™ืฃ ืึทืœืข ืคื™ืขืจ ืฐืขื ื“, ื’ืขื–ื•ื›ื˜, ืึทืคึผื ื™ื, 8 
ื–ื™ื™ื’ืขืจ, ืื•ืŸ ื ื–ืึธื’ ื ืขื˜ื”ืึธืŸ ืฆื• ื–ื™ืš ืืœื™ื™ืŸ : 

--- ืžืข ื‘ืฉื“ืฉืจืฃ ืึทื ื—ื•ื™ื‘ืขืŸ ื˜ืจืึทื›ื˜ืขืŸ ืžื›ื— ื’ืขื”ืŸ.. ื“ื™ ื•ื•ื™ื™ื˜ืข- 
ื—ื‘ืจื”'ื ื™ืงืขื ื•ื•ืขืœืขืŸ ืื™ื‘ืขืจืงืขื”ืจืขืŸ ื“ืขื ื—ื“ืจ ืžื™ื˜ ื“ืขื ืงืึธืคึผ ืึทื“ืึธืคึผ 
ืื•ืŸ ืžื™ื ื“ื™ ืคื™ื˜ ืืจื•ื™ืฃ, 

ืื•ืŸ ื ืึธืš ืขื˜ืœื™ื›ืข ืžืึธืœ ืœืื–ืขื ื“ื™ื’ ื–ื™ืš ืฆื• ื“ืขืจ ื˜ื—ื™ืš ืื•ืŸ ืื•ืž" 
ืงืขื”ืจืขื ื“ื™ื’ ื–ื™ืš ืฆื•ืจื™ืง, ื”ืึธื˜ ืขืจ ืงื•ื™ื ืฉืจื™ื‘ืขืจื’ืขืฉืคึผืึทื ื˜ ืžื™ื˜ ืื™ื™ืŸ 
ืคื•ืก ืื•ื™ืฃ ื™ืขื ืขืจ ื–ื™ื™ื˜ ืฉืฐืขืค, ืื•ืŸ ืขืจืฉื˜ ื“ืึธ ื”ืึธื˜ ืขืจ ื–ื™ืš ื“ืขืจ" 
ืžืื ื˜ ื–ื™ื™ ืื•ื™ืกืจืขื“ืขืŸ ื“ืึธืก ื”ื—ื˜ืจืฅ, ื˜ืจื™ื™ืกื˜ืขืŸ, ื–ื™ื™ ื–ืึธืœืขืŸ ืื•ื™ื- 
ื”ืขืจืขืŸ ื–ืึธืจื’ืขืŸ, ืฐืึธืจื•ื ื’ืึธื˜ ื™ื– ื ืคืื˜ืขืจ, ืขืจ ืงืึธืŸ.. ืื•ืŸ ืขืจ ื”ืื˜ 
ื–ื™ื™ ื’ื ื’ืขื–ืื ื˜ ื ืืš 6 ืžืึธืœ, ืื– ืขืœืคึดึผื™ ื“ื™ืŸ, ื“ืึธืก ื”ื™ื™ืกื˜, ื•ื™ ื“ืขืจ 
ืžื ื”ื’ ืื•ื–, ื‘ืขื“ืืจืคืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ ื–ื™ืฆืขืŸ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืžืขื”ืจ ื•ื™ ืึท ืฉืขื”, ืื•ืŸ ื˜ื- 
ืžืขืจ, ื—ืœื™ืœื”, 8 ื‘ื™ืกืขืค ืžืขื—ืจ, ืื™ืŸ ืื•ื™ืš ืึธื”ืŸ ืึตื™ื™ืŸ ืื•ืžื’ืœื™ืก, ืื•ืŸ 
ืื ื™ืจืฆื” ื”ืฉื, ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ืขืจื ื˜ื›ื˜ ื ืึธืš ืžืขืจื•ื ื•ื•ืขื˜ ืขืจ ื–ื™ืš ืึทืจื™ืŸ- 
ื”ืฉืคืขืŸ ื ืืš ื˜ ืžืึธืœ ืึท ื‘ื™ืกืžืœ ื–ื™ืฆืขืŸ, ืื•ืŸ ื–ืืจื’ืขืŸ ื–ื™ืš ื–ืึธืœืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ ื–ื™ืฃ 
ื ื™ื ื–ืึธืจื’ืขืŸ, ืžื—ืžืช ื’ืึธื˜ ืื™ื– 6 ืคืึทื˜ืขืจ, ืฐืึธื˜ ืขืจ ืงืึธืŸ ืžืึทื›ืขืŸ, ืงืึธืŸ 
ื“ืึธืก ืกื™ื™ืŸ ืžืขื ืฉืขืŸ-ืคืขืจืฉื˜ืื ื“ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืžืฉื™ื’ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ... ื•ื‘ืžืจื˜ ื–ื™ื™ ื”ืึธ- 
ื‘ืขืŸ ืงื™ื ื“ืขืจ, ื–ืึธืœืขืŸ ื’ืขื–ื•ื ื“ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ, ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจื•ื•ืึทื›ืกืขื ืข, ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืขื™ืŸ-"ื”ืจืข... 

ื“ื™ ืฉืขื” ืื™ืŸ ืื™ื‘ืขืจื’ืขื’ืื ื’ืขืŸ, ืื•ืŸ ื™ืฉืจื? ืžื™ื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ืฑืŸ- 
ื’ืขื–ื™ื ื“ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืคื’ืขืฉื˜ืื ืขืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืขืจื“ ืฉื˜ื™ืœ, ืึถื”ืŸ ื•ืฐื•ืขืจื˜ืขืจ, 
ืึทื ื’ืขื˜ื”ืึธืŸ ื“ื™ ืฉื™ืš ืื•ืŸ ืฆืขืงืจืึทื›ืขืŸ ื–ื™ืš ืื™ื˜ืœื™ื›ืขืจ ืื™ืŸ ื ื‘ืขื–ื•ื ื“ืขืจ 


ืฉืœื•ืื™ืขืœื™ื›ื . ืค. 511 4 


50 | ืฉืœื•ื-ืขืœื™ื‘ื 


ื•ื•ื™ื ืงืข?,.. ื™ืฉืจื?. (ืื™ืš ื–ืึธืœ ื ื™ื˜ ืžื•ืจื ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ ืคืึทืจ ืึท ื ื•ื•ืžื, 
ื•ื•ืืœื˜ ืื™ืš ื’ืขื–ืึธื’ื˜, ืึทื– ืขืจ ื”ืึธื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขื ืื™ื™ื ืขื ื˜ืึธื’ ืึท ืจื•ืง 
ื’ืขื˜ื”ืึธืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืฆืขื”ืŸ ื™ืึถื”ืจ !) ื”ืึธื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ืขืจ ื’ื™ืš ืึธืคึผื’ืขื—ืึทืคึผื˜ ืžื ื—ื”, 
ื–ื™ืš ืึธืคึผื’ืขืงืœืึธืคึผื˜ ืชื—ื ื•ืŸ, ืืฑืกื’ืขืฉืคึผื™ื’ืขืŸ ,ืขืœื™ื ื•? ืื•ืŸ ื’ืขืœืึธื–ื˜ ื–ื™ืš 
ื’ืขื”ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ืช-ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ ืึทืจื™ื™ืŸ, ืขืจ ื–ืึธืœ ื—ืึธื˜ืฉ ืคึผืขืจื—ืึทืคึผืขืŸ ืฆื• ืžืขืจื™ื‘. 
ื“ืขืจื•ื•ื™ื™? ืื™ื– ืขืจ ื“ืึธืš ืฉืžืฉ, ื ืคืขืจืงื•ื™ืคื˜ืขืจ ืžืขื ืฉ, ืžื•ื– ืขืจ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ 
ืื•ื™ื'ืŸ ืึธืจื˜. ืคึผืจื ืกื”, ื”ืขืจื˜ ืื™ื”ืจ, --- ืื•ื™ ืื™ื–ืŸ ื“ืึธืก ื ืกื ื•ืœื”, 
ืึท ืกืžื™ื˜ืข?ืœ ืฆื• ืคืขืจื˜ืจื™ื™ื‘ืขืŸ ืืœืข ื–ืึธืจื ืขืŸ, ืคืขืจื ืขืกืขืŸ ืึทืœืข ืฆืจื•ืช !.. 

--- ืฐืึธืก ื”ืขืจื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืขืคึผื™ืก ืžื™ื˜ ืื™ืขืจ (ืฐื•ื™ื’ืจื™ืฉื ืข ื‘ื™- 
ืœื™ืขื˜"? -- ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ ื–ื™ืš ื ืขืคื•ื ืขืŸ ืึทื–ืขืœื›ืข ืœืขื“ื™ื ื’ืขื”ืขืจืก, ืฐืึธืก ื”ืึธ- 
ื‘ืขืŸ ืื™ื”ื ื ืคืจืขื’ ื’ืขื˜ื”ืึธืŸ. --- ืฐืึธืก ืžืื›ื˜ ืขืคึผื™ืก ืึตื™ื™ืขืจ ื–ื•ื”ืŸ ? 

-- ืขืœื™ื• ื”ืฉืœื•ื, ื•ื•ืื• ื”ืึธื‘ ืื™ืš ื ื–ื•ื”ืŸ ? --- ืขื ื˜ืคืขืจื˜ ื™ืฉืจืืœ 
ืžื™ื˜ ื ื‘ื™ื˜ืขืจ ืฉืžื™ื™ื‘ืขืœ.. 

ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขื ื“ืึธื–ื™ื ืขืŸ ืฉืžื™ื™ื›ืข? ืื™ื– ื’ืขืœืขื ืขืŸ ืื–ื•ื™ ืคื™ืขืœ ื’ืึทืœ, ืึทื– 
ื“ื™ ืœืขื“ื™ื ื’ืขื”ืขืจืก ืื™ื– ืึทื–ืฉ ื’ืขืฐืืจืขืŸ ืื™ื‘ืขืจ ื“ืขืจ ื˜ื‘ืข, ืื•ืŸ ื™ื™ 
ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืึธืคึผื’ืขื˜ืจืึธื˜ืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื ื–ื™ื™ื˜. ืก'ืื™ื– ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ื ืขื ื•ื’, ืžืข ื–ืึธืœ 
ื ื™ื”ื ื ืึธืš ืึท ืงื•ืง ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืคึผื ื™ื ืืจื™ื™ืŸ, ืึทืŸ ืžืข ื–ืึธืœ ืžื™ื˜ ืื™ื”ื 
ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ืžืขื”ืจ ื ื™ื˜ ื•ื•ืขืœืขืŸ ืจืขื“ืขืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื–ื•ื—ืŸ. 


1 5 6 


ืฐืึธืก ืื™ื– ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ื•ื•ื™ื™ื˜ืขืจ ? ืฐืึธืก ืึดื™ื– ื“ืขืจ ืกื•ืฃ ืžื™ื˜ ื‘ื ื™ืžื™ื 'ืขืŸ ? 
ืฆื•ื™ ื”ืึธื˜ ืขืจ ื’ืขืฉืจื™ื ืขืŸ ื ืืš ื‘ืจื™ืขืฃ ? ืื•ืŸ ืฐืึธืก ื”ืึธื˜ ืขืจ ื’ืขืฉืจื™ื‘ืขืŸ + 
ืื•ืŸ ืฆื™ ื”ืึธื˜ ืื™ื”ื ื“ืขืจ ืคืึธื˜ืขืจ ื’ืขืขื ื˜ืคืขืจื˜, ืฆื™ ื ื™ื™ืŸ ? ืื•ืŸ ืึทื– ืขืจ 
ื”ืึธื˜ ืื™ื”ื ื’ืขืขื ื˜ืคืขืจื˜ --- ืฐืึธืก ื”ืึธื˜ ืขืจ ืื™ื”ื ื’ืขืขื ื˜ืคืขืจื˜ 3 -- 
ืงื•ื•ืขื˜ืฉื˜ ืžื™ืš ื ื™ื˜; ืืฆื™ื ื“ ืขืœ ืื™ืš ืื™ื™ืš ื ื™ื˜ ื–ืึธื’ืขืŸ ื’ืึทืจื ื™ืฉื˜. 
ืื™ืš ื‘ื™ืŸ ืื™ื™ืš ื ืึธืจ ืžื—ื•ื™ื‘ ืฆื• ื–ืึธื’ืขืŸ, ืึทื– ืคืึทืจ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื“ืขื ืฉืžืฉ 
ืื™ืŸ ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ืžืขื”ืจ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ื ื™ืžื™ืŸ. ื’ืขืฉื˜ืึธืจื‘ืขืŸ ื‘ื ื™ืžื™ืŸ. 

ื“ืขืจ ,ื•ื•ื™ื’ืจื™ืฉื ืข ื‘ื™ืœื™ืขื˜", ื“ืึธืก ืคืึทื˜ืขืจื™ื™ืฆืขื˜ืขืœ, ืื™ื– ืค ื ื” 
ื™ืฉื•ืจื? ื“ืขื ืฉืžืฉ ืฉืจื•ื™ืก ืื™ืŸ ื˜ื™ืจืึทื•ืฉ... 


ืžื™ื˜'ืŸ ืขื˜ืึทืคึผ 


ืฉืจืฆื˜ื”ืœื•ื ื’ 


ื’ืขืฉืจื™ื‘ึผืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื™ืึธื”ืจ 1903 


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ืงืื˜ื™ื˜ืข?ืœ ื. 
ื”ืžืŸ ืื™ื•ื•ืื ืึธึฟื•ื•ื™ื˜ืฉ ืคืœื™ืกืขืฆืง', 


ืึทื–ื•ื™ ื”ืึธื ืžืขืŸ ื’ืขืจื•ืคืขืŸ ื“ืขื ื’ื™ื•ืขื ืคึผืจื™ืกื˜ืึทื•, ืฐืึธืก ืื™ 
ืฉืจืึธืคึผื’ืขืงื•ืžืขืŸ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ื˜ืขืคึผืœื™ืง. ื“ืึธืก ื”ื™ื™ืกื˜, ื“ืขืจ ืืžืชืขืจ ื ืึธืžืขืŸ 
ื–ื™ื™ื ืขืจ ืื™ืŸ ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ื’ืึธืจ 8 ื” ื˜ ืกืž ืข ืกื  ืึธืŸ ืืค ืึธื ืขื’ืขื  ื" 
ื•ื•ื™ื˜ืฉ, ื ืึธืจ ื“ื™ ื˜ืขืคึผืœื™ืงืขืจ ืื™ื“ืขืŸ, ืฐืึธื˜ ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ ืœื™ืขื‘ ืฆื•ื ืขืžืข" 
ื ื™ืฉืขืŸ, ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ ืื™ื”ื ืžืฉื ื”-"ืฉื ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ืื™ื›ืขืจ ืฆื•ื•ื™ื™ ื˜ืขืžื™ื ; ืขืจืฉื™ 
ื˜ืขื ืก, ืื™ื– ื—ืžืŸ ืื™ืฐืึทื ืึธืฐื•ื™ื˜ืฉ ื ืกืš ืงื™ืจืฆืขืจ ืื•ืŸ ื ืกืš ื’ืจื™ื ื ืขืฃ 
ืื•ื™ืคืฆื•ืจืขื“ืขืŸ { ื’ืขื—ื˜, ืืฉื˜ื™ื™ื’ืขืจ, ื ืขืžื˜ืึธืŸ ื ืคื•ืœืข ืžื•ื™? ืžื™ื ืฆื•ื ื’ 
ืื•ืŸ ืจืขื“-ืื•ื™ื , ื-ื”ืึทื“ืžืขืž-ื ืึธืŸ ื-ืคืึธื“ื ืข-ื’ืข-ื ืึธื“ืฐื™ื˜ืฉ?! ื“ืึธืก ืื™ื• 
ื ื•ืžืขืจ ืื™ื•ื’ืก. ื•ื—ืฉื ื™ืช, ื•ื™ื ื˜ ื˜ืขืคึผืœื™ืง ืื™ื• ื ืฉื˜ืึธื“ื˜, ื’ืขื“ืขื ืงื˜ 
ืžืขืŸ ื ืึธืš ื ื™ื ืึทื–ืฉ ื—ืžืŸ ืึท ืคืจื™ืกื˜ืื•ื•, ืฐื•ื™ ื“ืขืจ ื“ืึธื–ื™ื’ืขืจ ื ื™ื™ืขืจ ืžืจื™ื- 
ื˜ืื•ื• ื—ืžืŸ ืื™ืฐื•ืืฉื ืึธืฐื™ื˜ืฉ ืคึผืœื™ืกืขืฆืงื™, ืื™ืŸ ื˜ืขืคึผืœื™ืง ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ื’ืข" 
ื–ื•ืขืŸ ืึทืœืขืจืœืฒ ืคึผืจื™ืกื˜ืึทืฐืขืก, ืื™ ื’ื•ื˜ืข, ืื™ ืฉืœืขื›ื˜ืข, ืื™ ื ืขืžืขืจื˜, ืื™ 
ื ืงื™-ื›ืคึผื™ื'ื ื™ืงืขื, ื“ืึธืก ื”ื™ื™ืกื˜, ืึทื–ืขืœื›ืข, ืฐืึธืก ืคึผืฉื•ื˜ ื ืขืžืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ ื ื™ื˜, 
ืกื™ื™ื“ืขืŸ ืึทืžืึธืœ ืื•ื ื˜ืขืจ ืึท ื™ื•ื-ื˜ื•ื‘ ,ืœืฉื ื”-ื˜ื•ื‘ื”", ืฐืึธืก ืจืขื›ืขื ื˜ ื–ื™ืฃ 
ื ื™ื, ืึธื“ืขืจ ืึท ืžืชื ื” ืฆื•ื ื˜ืึธื’ ืคื•ืŸ ื’ืขื‘ืึธืจืขืŸ, ืื•ืŸ ื•ื•ืขืจ ื–ืึธื ื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืึดืคึผ 
ื“ืขืจืคื•ืŸ 3... ืžื™ืจ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืึทืœืข ืึทืžืึธืœ ื’ืขื‘ืึธืจืขืŸ ื’ืขืฐืึธืจืขืŸ, ืื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ื˜ืึธื’ 
ืคื•ื 'ื ื’ืขื‘ืึธืจืขืŸ ืื™ื–ืŸ ื‘ื™ื™ ื™ืขื“ืขืŸ ืžืขื ืฉืขืŸ ืึท ื™ื•ื-ื˜ื•ื‘, ืึทื™ื™ื ื’ืขืคื™ื”ืจื˜ 

03 


64 | ืฉืœื•ื-ืขืœื•ื‘ื 


ืคื•ืŸ ืงืจืžื•ื ื™ื, ื ืึธืš ืคื•ืŸ ืคึผื”ืขื” ืžืœืš ืžืฆืจื™ื, ืฐื•ื™ ืžื™ืจ ื•ื•ื™ื™ืกืขืŸ ื“ืึธืก ืคื•ืŸ 
ื“ืขืจ ื”ื™ื™ืœื™ื’ืขืจ ืชื•ืจื”, ืึทื– ืื™ื 'ื ื˜ืึธื’ ืคื•ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื’ืขื‘ืึธืจืขืŸ ื”ืึธื˜ ืคึผืจืขื” 
ื’ืขืžืึทื›ื˜ ืึท ืกืขื•ื“ื” ืคืึทืจ ืืœืข ื–ื™ื™ื ืข ืงื ืขื›ื˜, ื“ืขื ืฉืจ-ื”ืžืฉืงื™ื ืึทืจืฑืก" 
ื’ืขืœืึธื–ื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ื˜ื•ืจืžืข ืื•ืŸ ื“ืขื ืฉืจ-ื”ืื•ืคื™ื ืื•ื™ืคื’ืขื”ืึทื ื’ืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืึท ื‘ื•ื™ื, 
ืึทื–ื•ื™ ื–ื™ ื™ื•ืกืฃ ื”ืึธื ื–ื™ื™ ืคึผื•ืชืจ-ื—ืœื•ื ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ื“ืจื™ื™ ื˜ืึธื’ ืคืจื™ื”ืขืจ.. 
ืึธื ื’ืขืงื•ืžืขืŸ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ื˜ืขืคึผืœื™ืง, ื”ืึธื˜ ืขืจ ื–ื™ืš, ืฆื•ื ืึทืœืขื ืขืจืฉื˜ืขืŸ, ื’ืขื ื•" 
ืžืขืŸ ืจื™ื™ื ื™ื’ืขืŸ ื“ืึธืก ืฉื˜ืขื“ื˜ืขืง, ื ืึธืจ ืจื™ื™ื ื™ื’ืขืŸ ืฐืึธืก ืจื™ื™ื ื™ื’ืขืŸ ื”ื™ื™ืกื˜. 
ื“ื™ ื˜ืขืคึผืคื™ืงืขืจ ืคืขืจื“-ื’ื ื‘ื™ื, ืฐืึธืก ื”ืึธื ืขืŸ ืึท ืฉื ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ืขืจ ื ืึทื ืฆืขืจ 
ื•ื•ืขืœื˜, ื”ืึธื˜ ืขืจ ืื™ืŸ ืื™ื™ื ืข ืฆื•ื•ื™ื™ ื—ืจืฉื™ื ืื•ื™ืกื’ืขื”ื•ื™ื›ืขืจื˜, ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื’ืข" 
ืคึฟืื–ื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ื–ื™ื™, ืื™ื”ืจ ื–ืึธืœื˜ ื–ืึธื’ืขืŸ, ืื™ื™ื ืขื ืื•ื™ืฃ ืึท ืจืคื•ืื”. ืื•ึนื™ืฃ 
ื•ื•ืขืžืขืŸ ืขืจ ื”ืึธื˜ ื ืึธืจ ื’ืขื”ืึธื˜ ืึท ืฉื˜ื™ืงืขืœ ืื•ื™ื’, ื”ืึธื˜ ืขืจ ืื™ื”ื ื’ืข" 
ืคึผืึทืกื˜, ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื’ืขืžืื›ื˜ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืœึฟืึทื ื’ืข ืฉื—ื™ื•ืช ืื•ืŸ ืึธืคึผื ืขืฉื™ืงื˜ ืžื™ื˜'ืŸ 
ืขื˜ืึทืคึผ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ื™ืกื™ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื˜ื•ืจืžืข ืึทืจื™ืŸ, --- ืœืึธื– ืžืขืŸ ื–ื™ืš ืžื™ื˜ ืื™ื”ื 
ื“ืึธืจื˜ืขืŸ ืจืขื›ืขื ืขืŸ,. ื ืึธื›ื“ืขื ื”ืึธื˜ ืขืจ ื–ื™ืš ื’ืขื ื•ืžืขืŸ ืฆื•ึน ื“ื™ ื’ืึทื˜ืขืŸ 
ืื•ืŸ ืฆื• ื“ื™ ืื™ื“ืขืŸ,. ื“ื™ ื ืืกืขืŸ ื”ืึธื˜ ืขืจ ื’ืขืฐืึธืœื˜, ืžืข ื–ืึธืœ ื”ืึทืœื˜ืขืŸ 
ืจื™ื™ืŸ, ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื•ืึทืจืคืขืŸ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืžื™ืกื˜ ื ืœื™ื™ืš ืื™ืŸ ืคึผื ื™ื ืึทืจื™ื™ืŸ, ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื’ื™ืกืขืŸ 
ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืคึผืึธืžืขื ื™ืฆืขืก ื‘ื™ื™ ื“ืขืจ ื˜ื™ืจ ืื•ืŸ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื˜ื”ื•ืŸ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืึทื ื“ืขืจืข ื–ืึทื›ืขืŸ 
ืฐืึธืก ื ื™ื˜ ืฉืขืŸ... ืื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืื™ื“ืขืŸ, ื”ืึธื˜ ืขืจ ื’ืขืฐืึธืœื˜, ื–ืึธืœืขืŸ ื–ื•ื ื˜ืึธื’ 
ืคืืจ ื”ืึทืœื‘ืขืŸ ื˜ืึธื’ ื ื™ื˜ ืขืคืขื ืขืŸ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืงืœื™ื™ื˜ืขืŸ, ืžืœืžื“ื™ื ื–ืึธืœืขืŸ ื ื™ื˜ 
ืงื ืขืœืขืŸ ืึธื”ืŸ ืฉื™ื™ื ืฆืขื˜ืœืขืš ืื•ืŸ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืขื™ืจื•ื‘ ืื™ืŸ ืฉื˜ืึธื“ื˜ ื–ืึธืœ ื ื™ื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ; 
ืžืข ืฐืขื˜ ื–ื™ืš ื‘ืขื’ืขื—ืŸ, ื”ืึธื˜ ืขืจ ื’ืขื–ืึธื’ื˜, ืึถื”ืŸ ื“ืขื ื“ืึธื–ื™ื ืขืŸ ,, ื˜ืขืœืข- 
ื’ืจืืฃ" ืื•ื™ืš... ืื•ืŸ ืืคื™ืœื• ืื™ืŸ ืฉื•ื”?, ื˜ืึธืžืขืจ ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ ื–ื™ืš ืื™ื“ืขืŸ 
ืฆืขืฉืœืึทื ืขืŸ, ืฆืขืึทืžืคึผืขืจื˜ ืคืึทืจ ,ืืชื”-ื—ืจืื™ืช", ืžื›ื‘ื“ ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ืื™ื™ื ืก 
ื“ืึธืก ืึทื ื“ืขืจืข ืžื™ื˜ ืคึผืขื˜ืฉ, ื”ืึธื˜ ืขืจ ื–ื™ืš ืื•ื™ืš ืœื™ืขื‘ ื’ืขื”ืึธื˜ ืึทืจื™ื™ื’" 
ืžื™ืฉืขืŸ. ืึธื˜ ืื–ื ืจืฉืข ืื™ื– ื“ืึธืก ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ! 

ืžื™ืœื, ื“ื™ ืงืœื™ื™ื˜ืขืŸ ืžืข ื–ืึธืœ ื”ืึทืœื˜ืขืŸ ืฆื•ื’ืขืžืึทื›ื˜ --- ื”ืึธื˜ ืขืจ 
ื’ืข'ืคึผื•ืขืœ'ื˜, ืึดื™, ื˜ืึธืžืขืจ ื ื™ื˜ ืึทื–ืฑ ืคึผื™ื ืงื˜ืœื™ืš ื‘ื™ื– ื“ื•ืงื ืฆืฐืขืœืฃ ืึท 
ื–ื™ื™ื ืขืจ ? --- ื”ืึธื˜ ืขืจ ื–ื™ืš ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ื’ืขืžืึทื›ื˜ ื ื™ื ื•ื•ื™ืกืขื ื“ื™ื’, ืฐืึธืจื•ื ืขืจ 
ื”ืึธื˜ ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืึทื ื“ืขืจ ื‘ืจื™ืจื” ื ื™ื˜ ื’ืขื”ืึทื˜. ืฐืึธืก ืขืจ ื”ืึธื˜ ื’ืขืงืึธื ื˜, 
ื”ืึธื˜ ืขืจ ื’ืขื˜ื”ืึธืŸ ; ื ืึธืจ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืึท ืฉื•ืžืจ ื‘ื™ื™ ื“ื™ ืื™ื“ื™ืฉืข ืงืœื™ื™ื˜ืขืŸ, ืึทื›" 


ืคื 
ืžื•ื˜'ืŸ /283 | ื˜ื˜ 


ื˜ื•ื ื’ ื’ืขื‘ืขืŸ, ื˜ืึธืžืขืจ ืขืคืขื ื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื ืื™ืจ ื˜ ื”ืืœื›ืข ื˜ื™ืจ -- ื“ืึธื˜ 
ืื™ืŸ ื“ืึธืš ื ื–ืึทืš ืฐืึธืก ืื•ืžืžืขื’ืœื™ืš,. ื–ืขื”ื˜ ืื™ื”ืจ, ืžื™ื˜'ืŸ ืขื™ืจื•ื‘ ื”ืึธื˜ 
ืขืจ ื“ื™ ืขืจืฉื˜ืข ืฆื™ื™ื ื•ืึธ ื’ืขื”ืึธื˜ ืึทื‘ื™ืกืขืœ ืฆืจื•ืช. ืืœืข ืคืจื™ื™ื˜ืึธื -ืฆื•" 
ื ืื›ื˜ื˜ ื˜ืžืœืขื’ื˜ ืžืขืŸ ื“ืขื ืขื™ืจื•ื‘ ืื ืฆื™ื”ืขืŸ, ืื•ืŸ ืฉื‘ืช ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืคืจื™ื” 
ืคืœืขื ื˜ ืขืจ ืื™ื”ื ืึทืจืึทืคึผืจื™ื™ืกืขืŸ, ืื•ืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืื™ื‘ืขืจืื›ื˜ืึธื’ ืฉื›ืช ืื™ืŸ 
ืื•ื™ืกื’ืขื•ื•ืื›ืกืขืŸ ื ืคืจื™ืฉืขืจ ืขื™ืจื•ื‘, ืื•ืŸ ืื–ื•ื™ ืขื˜ืœื™ื›ืข ืžืึธืœ ื›ืกื“ืจ, 
ืื•ืŸ ื•ื•ื™ืคื™ืขืœ ืขืจ ื”ืึธื˜ ื ื™ื˜ ื ืึธื›ื’ืขืงื•ืงื˜ ื“ื•ืจืš ื“ื™ ืฉื•ืžืจื™ื, ืฐื•ืขืจ ื˜ืข 
ืฆื™ื—ื˜ ืึธืŸ ื“ืขื ืขื™ืจื•ื‘ื, ื”ืึธื˜ ืขืจ ื ื™ื˜ ื’ืขืงืึทื ื˜ ื”ืึทืคึผืขืŸ ืจื“ืขื ื ื ื‘, ื‘ื™ 
ืขืจ ื”ืึธืกื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืืœื™ื™ืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ื’ืขืžื•ื–ื˜ ืื™ื™ื ืžืึธืœ ื‘ืขื”ืืœื˜ืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ 
ื“ืจื•ื™ืกืขืŸ, ืื™ืŸ ื ื•ื•ื™ื ืงืขืœืข, ืื•ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืื•ื™ืกื’ืขื–ืขืกืขืŸ ื“ื™ ื’ืึทื ืฆืข ื ื˜ื›ื˜ 
ืื•ืŸ ื’ืขืœืืงืขืจื˜, ืื•ืŸ ืขืจืฉื˜ ื”ืขื˜-ื”ืขื˜ ืืจื•ื ืžืึทืจื˜ืึธื ื’ ื”ืึธื˜ ืขืจ ื’ืข- 
ืคึผืึทืงื˜ ืคึผื•ื™ืกื™ ื“ืขื ืฉืžืฉ'ื ื™ื•ื ื’ืขืœ ืกืืžืข ื‘ื™ื™ ื“ืขืจ ืจืขื›ื˜ืขืจ ืืจื‘ื™ื™ื˜, 
ื•ื™ ืขืจ ืคืขืจื“ืจืขื”ื˜ ื“ืึธืก ืฉื˜ืจื™ืงืข?ืœ. ื”ืึธืื˜ ืขืจ ืื™ื”ื ืึถื ื’ืขื ื•ื˜ืขืŸ 
ืคืืจ'ืŸ ืœื™ื ืงืขืŸ ืื•ื™ื”ืขืจ ืื•ืŸ ืึธืคึผื ืขืคื™ื”ืจื˜ ืื™ื”ื ืื™ืŸ ืกื˜ื˜ืŸ ื˜ืจื™ื™ืŸ ืื•ืŸ 
ืคึฟืขืจืฉืคึผืึทืจื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื ื’ืื ืฆืขืŸ ื˜ืึธื’ ืื™ืŸ ,ื—ื“ืจ",. ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขืžืืœื˜ืืŸ 
ืื™ื– ื˜ืขืคึผืœื™ืง ื’ืขื‘ืœื™ื‘ืขืŸ ืึถื”ืŸ ืื™ื™ืŸ ืขื™ืจื•ื‘ ืขื“ ื—ื™ื•ื ื”ื–ื”, ืื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจ 
ืขื•ืœื ื”ืึธื˜ ืึธื ื’ืขื”ื•ื™ื‘ืขืŸ ื˜ืจืึธื ืขืŸ ืื™ื ืฉื‘ืช ื ืึทื–ื˜ื™ื›ืœืขืš ืื•ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ื’ืขืจื˜ 
ืื•ื™ืฃ ืฐืึธืก ื“ื™ ื•ื•ืขืœื˜ ืฉื˜ื˜ื”ื. 

ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืื–ื•ื™ ื’ืจื™ื ื’ ืื™ื– ืื™ื—ื ืื ื’ืขืงื•ืžืขืŸ ื“ื•ื™ ืžืœื—ืžื”, ื•ืืก ืขืจ 
ื”ืึธื˜ ื’ืขืคื™ื—ืจื˜ ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ ืžืœืžื“ื™ืื˜,. ื“ื™ ืžืœืžื“ื™ื ื”ืึทื‘ืขืŸ ืื™ื—ื ื’ืขื˜ื”ืขืŸ 
ืฆื•ื ื˜ื•ื™ื“ื˜. ืื˜ ื”ืึธื˜ ืขืจ ื’ืขืคืืงื˜ ื ืžืœืžื“ ืžื™ื˜ ืฆืฐืึทื ืฆื™ื’ ืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ื 
ืื•ืŸ ืฆื•ื’ืขืžืื›ื˜ ื“ืขื ื—ื“ืจ, ืื•ืŸ ืึธื˜ ื”ืึธื˜ ืขืจ ืื™ื”ื ื’ืขื”ืึทืคึผื˜ ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ 
ืื™ื™ื’ืขื ืข ืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ื ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืึตื™ื™ืŸ ืื ื“ืขืจ ื ืขืกืข?. ืฆื•ื’ืขืžืื›ื˜ ื“ืขื 
ื“ืึธื–ื™ื’ืขืŸ ื—ื“ืจ ืื•ื™ืš ืื•ืŸ ื’ืขืžืื›ื˜ ื ืคึผืจืึทื˜ืึทืงืึธืœ, ืขืจ ื˜ื”ื•ื˜ ื ืงื•ืง --- 
ืึทื—ื! ืขืจ ื”ืึธื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืคืขืจืงืœื™ื‘ืขืŸ ืขืจื ื™ืฅ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื ื‘ื•ื™ื“ืขื ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ 
ื•ื•ื™ื™ื‘ืขืจืฉืขืจ ืฉื•ื”? ืื•ืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืึธืจื˜ืขืŸ ื–ื™ืš ื’ืขืœืึธื–ื˜ ื”ืขืจืขืŸ ืžื™ื˜'ืŸ ื’ืข" 
ื–ืึทื ื’ ืคื•ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ื ืข ืฆื•ื•ืื ืฆื™ื  ืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ื --- ืื™ื™ืŸ ืื•ืžื’ืœื™ืง ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื•ื™ ืื™ื“ื™- 
ืฉืข ืงื™ื ื“ืขืจ! ืžืข ืงืึธืŸ ื–ื™ื™ ื’ืึธืจื ื™ืฉื˜ ืึถืคึผื˜ืจืฒื‘ืขืŸ ืคื•ื 'ื ืœืขืจื ืขืŸ! 
,ืžืžื” ื ืคืฉืš, ื”ืึธืกื˜ ื“ื• ื–ื™ืš ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ืคืขืจืงืœื™ื‘ืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื ื‘ื•ื™ื“ืขื ืงื ืข" 
ื›ืขืŸ, ื˜ืึธ ื–ื™ืฅ ื“ืึธืจื˜ืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืงื ืขืœ ืฆืขื–ืขืฆื˜ืขืจื”ื™ื™ื“ ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืงืจืขื ื˜, 


56 | | ืฉืœื•ื-ืขืœื•ื›ืื˜ 


ื ืึธืจ ืœื™ืึธืจืขื ื ื™ื˜ ืึทื–ืฑ, ืœืึธื–ืขืŸ ื—ืึธื˜ืฉ ืžื™ื™ื ืข ืื•ื™ื”ืขืจืขืŸ ื ื™ื˜ ื”ืขืจืขืŸ !"... 
ืึทื–ืฑ ื”ืึธื˜ ื ืข'ื˜ืขื ื—'ื˜ ืคึผืœื™ืกืขืฆืงื™ ืžื™ื˜'ืŸ ืžืœืžื“ ืื•ืŸ ื”ืึธื˜ ืื™ื”ื ื’ืข- 
ืฉืฐืึธืจืขืŸ, ืึทืŸ ื˜ืึธืžืขืจ ื—ืึทืคึผื˜ ืขืจ ืื™ื”ื ื ืึธืš ื ืžืึธืœ, ืฉื™ืงื˜ ืขืจ ืื™ื”ื 
ืึทืจื•ื™ื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ื˜ืขืคึผืœื™ืง ืื™ืŸ ืคื™ืขืจ ืื•ืŸ ืฆื•ื•ืื ืฆื™ื’ ืฉืขื”.. ื“ืขืจ ืžืœืžื“ ื”ืึธื˜ 
ื“ื™ ืžืขืฉื” ื’ืฉื ืฅ ื ื•ื ืื•ื™ืกื’ืขื”ืขืจื˜ ืื•ืŸ ื’ืขื˜ื”ืึธืŸ ื–ื™ื™ื ื, ืืจืึธืคึผื’ืขืœืึธื–ื˜ 
ื–ื™ืš ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ื•ื•ื™ื™ื›ืขืจืฉืขืจ ืฉื•ื—? ืื•ืŸ ืืจืึธืคึผื’ืขื ื™ื“ืขืจื˜ ืขืจื’ื™ืฅ ืื™ืŸ ื 
ืงืขืœืขืจ ืื•ืŸ ื“ืึธืจื˜ืขืŸ ื’ืขืงื ืขืœื˜, ืื•ืŸ ื“ื•ืงื ืžื™ื˜ 6 ื ื™ื’ื•ืŸ, ืžื™ื˜'ืŸ ื’ืข- 
ื•ื•ื™ื˜ืขืŸ ืžืœืžื“'ื™ืฉืขืŸ ื ื™ื’ื•ืŸ, ื•ื•ืึธืก ืึธื”ืŸ ืื™ื—ื ื”ืึธื˜ ื“ืึธืก ืื™ื“ื™ืฉืข ืœืขืจื ืขืŸ 
ืคึผื•ื ืงื˜ ืึทื–ืึท ื˜ืขื, ื•ื™ ื“ืขืจ ืงืึทืœื˜ืขืจ ืงื•ื ืขืœ ืฐืึธืก ื“ื™ ื—ื™ื™ื ื˜ื™ื’ืข ืึทืจื™ื- 
ื˜ืึทืงืจืึทื˜ืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ื’ืจื•ื™ืกืข ืฉื˜ืขื“ื˜ ืขืกืขืŸ ืึดื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจืฐืึธื›ืขืŸ... ื”ืžืŸ 
ืื™ืฐืึทื ืึธืฐื™ื˜ืฉ ื”ืึธื˜ ืึทื–ืฑ ืœืื ื’ ,ื’ืขืฐืื™ืขื•ื•ืขื˜" ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ ืžืœืžื“ื™ื, 
ื‘ื™ื– ืขืจ ื”ืึธื˜ 9 ืฉืคึทื™ื™ ื’ืขื˜ื”ืึธืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื–ื™ื™ ืื•ืŸ ื”ืึธื˜ ื–ื™ืš ื’ืขืžื˜ื›ื˜ ื›ืœื 
ื™ื“ 4 


ืงืืคื™ืžืขืœ ื‘,, 


ื“ืขืจ ื˜ืขืคึผืœื™ืงืขืจ ื ื ื™ื“ ืฉืœื•ื-ื‘ื›ืขืจ ื˜ืขืค5- 
?ื™ืงืขืจ ืคื•ึนืŸ ื˜ืขืคื›ื™ื˜. 


ืžื—ืžืช ืื™ืŸ ื˜ืขืคึผืœื™ืง ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื“ื™ ืึทื™ื™ื ืฐืึธื—ื ืขืจ, ืฆื•ื ืžื™ื™ืกื˜ืขืŸ, 
ืื™ื“ืขืŸ, ื”ืึธื˜ ื“ืขืจ ื ื™ื™ืขืจ ืคึผืจื™ืกื˜ืึทื•ื• ื’ืขื”ืื˜ ืฆื• ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ื›ืžืขื˜ ื ืึธืจ ืžื™ื˜ 
ืื™ื“ืขืŸ, ืื•ืŸ ืขืจ ื”ืึธื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืื™ืŸ ืึท ืงื•ืจืฆืขืจ ืฆื™ื™ื˜ ื‘ืขืงืขื ื˜ ืžื™ื˜ ืึทืœืข 
ื˜ืขืคึผืœื™ืงืขืจ ื‘ืขืœื™-ื‘ืชื™ื, ื ืขื•ื•ืื•ืกื˜ ื™ืขื“ืขืŸ ืื™ื™ื ืฆื™ื’ืขืŸ ื‘ื™ื™'ื ื ืึธืžืขืŸ, 
ื’ืขืฐื•ืึธื”ืจ ื’ืขืฐืึธืจืขืŸ ื‘ื™ื™ ื–ื™ื™ ืึทืœืกื“ื™ื ื’, ื“ื™ ื’ืจืขืกื˜ืข ืกื•ื“ื•ืช, ื’ืขืจืขื“ืจื˜ 
| ืžื™ื˜ ื–ื™ื™ ื”ืึทืœื‘ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืื™ื“ื™ืฉ ืื•ืŸ ื ื™ืš ื’ืขืฐืึธืจืขืŸ ืฆื•ื’ืขืœืึธื–ื˜, ื•ื•ื™ื™ืš ื•ื™ 
ืฐืึทื›ืก --- ืึท ื’ื•ื˜ืขืจ ื‘ืจื•ื“ืขืจ ! 

ื“ื™ ื ื ื™ื“ื™ื, ื“ื™ ืคื™ื™ื ืข-ื‘ืจื™ื”ืก, ื“ื™ ืงืึทื›ืœืขืคืœืขืŸ, ื“ื™ ืฐืึธืก ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ 
ืœื™ืขื‘ ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืœื˜ื™ื’ืขืŸ, ืึทื– ื–ื™ื™ ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ ื“ืขืจื–ืขื”ืขืŸ, ืึทื– ื“ืึธืก ืคึผืจื™ืฆ'ืขืœ ืœืึธื–ื˜ 
ื–ื™ืš ืฆื•, ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ ืึธื ื’ืขื”ื•ื™ื‘ืขืŸ ื–ื™ืš ืึทื™ื™ื ืงื•ื™ืคืขืŸ ืฆื• ืื™ื”ื ืชื—ื™ืœืช 


ืžื•ื˜'ืŸ ืขึฒืกืื 57 
ืžื™ื˜ ืึท ืฉื˜ื™ืงืขืœ ืฉื‘ืช'ืจื™ื ืข ืคื™ืฉ (,ื–ืฉื™ื“ื™ื•ื•ืกืงืฉ ืจื™ื‘ื˜"), 8 ื’ืœืขื–ืขืœ 
ืคึผืกื—'ื•ื’ืขืŸ ื‘ืจืึทื ืคืขืŸ (, ืคึผื™ื™ืกืื—ืึธืฐืงืึท"), ืคืขืจืžื™ื˜ืขืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ืึท ืฉื˜ื™ืงืขืค 
ืื™ื“ื™ืฉืข ืžืฆื” (, ื–ืฉื™ื“ืื•ื•ืกืงืื™ื ืžืืฆื˜"), ืื•ืŸ ื ืื›ื“ืขื ื”ืึทื‘ืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ 
ื–ื™ืš ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ื’ืขืคึผืจื•ื‘ื ืื•ื ื˜ืขืจืคืึธื”ืจืขืŸ ืฆื• ืื™ื”ื ืžื™ื ื˜ ืฉืžื™ื™ื›ืขืœืข -- 
ื ืชื 'ืขืŸ ืื™ื”ื ืขืคึผื™ื ืื•ืŸ ื™ื“ ืืจื™ื™ืŸ ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ ืึธื‘ืขืจ ื’ืขืงืืคื˜ ืคื•ื 'ื 
ื“ืึธื–ื™ื ืขืŸ ื”ืžืŸ ืึทื– ืžื™ืื•ืก'ืขืŸ ืคึผืกืง, ืึทื– ื–ื™ื™ ื•ื•ืขืœืขืŸ ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ืคืขืจื–ืื ืขืŸ 
ืงื™ื ื“ืกื™ืงื™ื ื“ืขืจ, ืึทื– ืžืข ื–ืึธืœ ื™ืขื’ืขื ืื™ืŸ ื™ื“ ืืจื™ื™ืŸ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืžืขื•ืช ื ื™ื˜ 
ื’ืชื 'ืขืŸ, ืื™ื™ื“ืขืจ ืžืข ืฐื™ื™ืกื˜ ืื™ื—ื, { ื•ืข ืจ ืขืจ ืื™ื– ืื•ืŸ || ื ืก 
ืขืจ ืื™ืŸ.. 

-- ื˜ื™ ื“ื•ืžืึทื™ืขืฉ, ื™ืึธืกืงืึท, ืคึผืึทืจืฉืžื™ืจืึทืฐืึธื˜ ืžืขื ื™ื˜ ื˜ื•ื•ืืื™ืžื™ 
ื•ืžืขื•ืช ืึทืžื™, ื–ื ืื˜ืฉื™ื ืกื™ ื’ืจื•ื™ืกืขืจ ืžืึทืฉืขื ื™ืง!{ ื ื ืขื ืื•ื”ื ื 
ืงื–ื“"ืจ | * 

ืจื™ ื•ื•ืขืจื˜ืขืจ ,ื ื ืขื ืื™ื—ื ื ื—ื“ืจ" ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื‘ื™ื™ ืื™ื”ื ืชืžื™ืš 
ืงืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ืคืืจื˜ื™ื’ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ืขืจ ืฆื•ื ื’, ืฉื•ืŸ ื’ืขื”ื™ื™ืกืขืŸ ื”ืึธื˜ ื“ืึธื˜ ืื™ื™ื ื–ืขืฆืขืŸ, 
ืคืขืจืฉืคืืจืขืŸ, ืื“ืขืจ ืึธืคึผืฉื™ืงืขืŸ ืžื™ื˜'ืŸ ืขื˜ืึทืคึผ ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืฉื˜ืึธื“ื˜ ืืจื™ื™ืŸ, 
ืงื™ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ื™ืกื™ืŸ. ืื•ืŸ ื”ืึธื˜ ืขืจ ื“ื™ ื“ืึธื–ื™ื ืข ื•ื•ืขืจื˜ืขืจ ืืจื•ื™ืกื ืขืœืื–ื˜ ืคื•ื 'ื 
ืคื•ื™ืค, ืื™ื– ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ืคืขืจืคืึทืœืขืŸ, ื›? ืžืœื›ื™ ืžื–ืจื— ื•ืžืขืจื‘ ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ ืฉื•ื•ืŸ 
ื“ืขืจืฆื• ื ื™ื˜ ื’ืขืงืึทื ื˜ ื”ืขืœืžืขืŸ ื’ืึธืจื ื™ื˜! ืื˜ ืึทื–ืึท ื˜ื™ืŸ ื ืคืฉ ืื™ืŸ ื“ืึธืก 
ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ! ืื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ื’ื•ื˜ืขืจ ื™ืึถื”ืจ ื–ืึธืœ ืื™ื”ื ื•ื™ืกืขืŸ -- ื”ืึธื˜ ื–ื™ืจ 
ื˜ืจื™ื™ื ื ืขื—ืืžื˜ ืฆื• ืื™ื—ื ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ื”ืขื ื“ ื˜ืจื™ื™ืŸ ืื™ื™ืŸ ืึทืจืขืžืืŸ, ืฐืึธื˜ 
ื”ืื˜ ื ื™ื˜ ืžื™ื ืขืคึผื™ื ืฆื• ื’ืขื—ืŸ, ื”ืึธื˜ ื“ืขืจ ื“ืึธื–ื™ื’ืขืจ ืจืฉืข ืืจื•ื™ืกื’ืขื ื•ืžืขืŸ 
ืคึฟื•ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืื™ื™ื’ืขื ืขืจ ืงืขืฉืขื ืข ื ืงืขืจื‘ืข? ืื“ึถืขืจ ืฆื•ื•ื™ื™ ืื•ืŸ ื’ืขืฉืขื ืงื˜ ื 
ื’ื“ื‘ื”, ืื•ืŸ ืึท ื–ืึธื’ ื’ืขื˜ื”ืึธืŸ ื“ืขืจื‘ื™ื™ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืื•ื™ืกื’ืขืžื™ืฉื˜ ืœืฉื•ืŸ : 


-- ื’ืข ื˜ื™ื‘ืข ืžื™ืœืึธืกื˜ ื—ืกื“ ื ื ืฐืขืฆืึทืฐืขืก**. 


ื ืึธืจ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื•ื•ื™ืคื™ืขืœ ืขืจ ื”ืึธื ืจื—ืžื ื•ืช ื’ืขื”ืื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืึตื™ืŸ ืึธืจืข- 
ืžืึทืŸ, ืึทื–ืฑื™ ืคื™ืขืค ื”ืึธื˜ ืขืจ ืคื™ื•ื ื˜ ื’ืขื”ืื˜ ื ื ื ื™ื“ืš. ืื•ืŸ ื•ื•ืขืจ ืฉืžื•ืขืกื˜ 


* ื“ื• ืจืขื‘ืขื ืกื˜, ื•ืึธืกื•, ืžื•ืš ืื•ื ื˜ืขืจืฉืžื™ืจืขืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ื’ืขืœื“, ืื•ืŸ ืึท ืกื•ืžืŸ, 
ืึทื– ื“ื• ื‘ื™ื–ื˜ ืึท ืฉื•ื•ื™ื ื“ืœืขืจ, ื–ืขืฆื˜ ืื•ื”ื ืื•ื•{ -- ** ื ืึท ื“ื•ืจ ืึท ื’ืžื•ืœื•ืช-"ื—ื˜ืฃ 
ืื•ื™ืฃ ื”ื•ืฆืื•ืช. 


58 ืฉืœื•ื-ืขืœื™ื›ื 


ื ื˜ืขืคึผืœื™ืงืขืจ ื ื ื™ื“, ืื•ืŸ ืฐื•ืขืจ ืฉืžื•ืขืกื˜ ื ืึธืš ื“ืขื ื˜ืขืคึผืœื™ืงืขืจ ื ื’ื™ืจ 
ืฉืœื•ื-ื‘ืขืจ ื˜ืขืคึผืœื™ืงืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ื˜ืขืคึผืœื™ืง --- ืื•ื”ื ื”ืึธื˜ ืขืจ ื’ืึธืจื ื™ืฉื˜ ื’ืข" 
ืงืึธื ื˜ ืกื•ื‘ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืœืึทื ื’-ืœืึทื ื’ ื’ืขื–ื•ื›ื˜ ืื•ื” ืื™ื”ื ืึท ื—ื˜ื ืื•ืŸ 
ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื’ืขืงืึทื ื˜ ื’ืขืคื™ื ืขืŸ, ื‘ื™ื– ื’ืึธื˜ ื”ืึธื˜ ืื™ื”ื ื’ืขื”ืึธืœืคืขืŸ, ืขืจ ื”ืึธื˜ 
ืื™ื”ื ื’ืขืคึผืึทืงื˜. ื•ืžืขืฉื” ืฉื”ื™ื— ื›ืš ื”ื™ื”: 


| ื“ืขืจ ื“ืึธื–ื™ื’ืขืจ ืฉืœื•ื-ื‘ืขืจ ื˜ืขืคึผืœื™ืงืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ื˜ืขืคึผืœื™ืง, ืึท ื—ื•ืฅ ืฐืึธืก 
ืขืจ ืื™ื– ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ืึท ืื™ื“ ืึท ื ื’ื™ื“, ืื™ื– ืขืจ ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ืึตื™ื™ืŸ ืขืงืฉืŸ ืื•ืŸ ื 
ื’ื“ืœืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืึท ื’ืจื•ื™ื˜ืขืจ ื‘ืขืœ-ื ืฆื—ื•ืŸ. ื”ืึธื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืื™ื”ื ืขืคึผื™ื˜ ืคืขืจืฐืึธืœื˜ 
ื ื–ืืš, ืื•ืŸ ื”ืึธื˜ ืขืจ ื–ื™ืš ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ืื™ื ื’ืขืฉืคึผืึทืจื˜, ืื™ื– ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ื’ืจื™ื ื’ืขืจ 
ื ืขืžืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืึทืจื™ื‘ืขืจื˜ืจืึธื’ืขืŸ ื˜ืขืคึผืœื™ืง ืื•ื™ืฃ ืึตื™ื™ืŸ ืึทื ื“ืขืจ ืึธืจื˜, ืื™ื™- 
ื“ืขืจ ืื™ื‘ืขืจืฉืคึผืึทืจืขืŸ ืฉืœื™ื-ื‘ืขืจืขืŸ. ืึทื– ื”ืžืŸ ืื™ืฐืื ืึธืฐื™ื˜ืฉ ื”ืึธื˜ 
ืึทืจื•ื™ืกื’ืขื ืขื‘ืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ืขืคืขื”ืœ, ืึทื– ืžืข ื–ืึธืœ ื“ืึธืก ืžื™ืกื˜ ืื™ืŸ ื“ืจื•ื™ืกืขืŸ 
ื ื™ื˜ ืฐืึทืจืคืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืคึผืึธืžืขื ื™ืฆืข ื‘ื™ื™ ื“ืขืจ ื˜ื™ืจ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื’ื™ืกืขืŸ, ื”ืึธื˜ 
ืฉืœื•ื-ื‘ืขืจ ื˜ืขืคึผืœื™ืงืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ื˜ืขืคึผืœื™ืง ื ืขืคืจืขื ื˜ ื ืงืฉื™ื : ,ื•ื•ืขืžืขื 'ืก 
ืขืกืง ืื™ื– ื“ืึธืก ? ืก'ืื™ื– ืžื™ื™ืŸ ืžื™ืกื˜ ืžื™ื˜ ืžื™ื™ืŸ ืคึผืึธืžืขื ื™ืฆืข, ืžืขื’ ืื™ืš 
ืžื™ืจ ื˜ื”ื•ืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ื“ืขื ืฐืึธืก ืื™ืš ื•ื•ื™ืœ". 


--- ืจื‘ ืฉืœื•ื-ื‘ืขืจ, -- ื”ืึธื˜ ืžืขืŸ ื–ื™ืš ื’ืขืคึผืจื•ื‘ื˜ ืื™ื”ื ืื™ื‘ืขืจ" 
ืฉืคึผืึทืจืขืŸ --- ื“ืขืจ ื”ืžืŸ ืฐืขื˜ ื“ืขืจื–ืขื”ืขืŸ ื“ื™ ืคึผืึธืžืขื ื™ืฆืข, ืฐืขื˜ ื–ื™ืš 
'ื˜ื”ื•ืŸ ื—ื•ืฉืš ! 
--- ืžื™ื˜'ืŸ ืงืึธื˜ืขืจ! --- ื”ืึธื˜ ื“ืขืจื•ื™ืฃ ื’ืขืขื ื˜ืคืขืจื˜ ืฉืœื•ื"ื‘ืขืจ, 
! ืฐืึธืก ื”ืึธื˜ ืคื™ื™ื ื˜ ื’ืขื”ืึทื˜ ืฆื• ืจืขื“ืขืŸ ืึท ืกืš ื•ื•ืขืจื˜ืขืจ. 

--- ืจื‘ ืฉืœื•ื-ื‘ืขืจ, ืื™ื”ืจ ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื—ืึทืคึผืขืŸ ืื™ื™ืŸ ืึทืงื˜ ! 

--- ื–ื™ืขื‘ืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ ื–ื™ืขื‘ืขืฆื™ื’ ืึทืงื˜ืขืŸ ! 

-- ืจื‘ ืฉืœื•ื-ื ืขืจ, ืžืข ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื–ื™ืš, ื—ื›ึฟื™ืœื—, ืื•ื™ืกื ืœื™ื˜ืฉืขืŸ ื ืขื‘ืขืŸ 
ืึตื™ื™ืขืจ ืฉื˜ื•ื‘, ืื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืฉืขื” ื–ืึธืœ ื ื™ื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืื•ื™ืกื‘ืจืขื›ืขืŸ ื ืคื•ื. 

--- ื”ืืœื“ืื•ืŸื ืึทืงืขืŸ ! -- ื”ืึธื˜ ืฉืœื•ื-ื‘ืขืจ ื’ืขืขื ื˜ืคืขืจื˜ ืื•ืŸ ื’ืข 
ื”ื™ื™ืกืขืŸ, ืžืข ื–ืึธืœ ืฉื™ื˜ืขืŸ ืžื™ืกื˜ ืื•ืŸ ื’ื™ืกืขืŸ ืคึผืึทืžืขื ื™ืฆืขืก ืื•ื™ืฃ ืฐืึธืก 
ื“ื™ ื•ื•ืขื›ื˜ ืฉื˜ืขื”ื˜ ! 


ืžื•ื˜'ืŸ ืขืžืึทืคึผ 69 


ืื™ื– ื’ืขืงื•ืžืขืŸ ืฆื• ืื™ื”ื ืคึผืœื™ืกืขืฆืงื™ ืžื™ื˜ ืคึผืึทืœื™ืฆื™ื™ ืื•ืŸ ื”ืึธื˜ ืื™ื”ื 
ื ืขืžืึทื›ื˜ ืึตื™ื™ืŸ ืึทืงื˜, ื”ืึธื˜ ืฉืœื•ืื™ื‘ืขืจ ื–ื™ืš ืึทื ื™ื“ืขืจื’ืขืฉื˜ืขืœื˜ ืžื™ื 
ืื™ื”ื ื ื‘ื™ืกืข? ืื•ื™ืก'ื˜ืขื ื”'ื ืขืŸ ื’ืื ืฅ ื‘ืจื™ื™ื˜ืœื™ืš, ืฐื™ ื ื ื ื™ื“ ืงืึธืŸ. 
ื”ืึธื˜ ืื™ื”ื ืคืœื™ืกืขืฆืงื™ ื’ืขืœืึธื–ื˜ ื‘ืขื˜ืขืŸ, ืขืจ ื–ืึธืœ ื‘ืขื˜ืขืจ ืฉื•ื™ื™ื ืขืŸ, 
ืื•ืŸ ื ืฉืขืช ืžืขืฉื” ื’ืขื–ืึทื ื˜ ืื™ื”ื ื ืคึผืึถืจ ื”ืืจื‘ืข ื•ื•ืขืจื˜ืขืจ : (ืื™ื“ื™ืฉืข 
ื—ื•ืฆืคึผื”" (,ื–ืฉื™ื“ืึธืฐื•ืกืงืื™ืข ื ืื—ืืœืกื˜ื•ืึธ"), ,ืฉื•ื•ื™ื™ื’, ื“ื• ืื™ื“ื™ืฉืข 
ืฆื•ืจื— !" (,ืžืึธืœื˜ืฉื™, ื–ืฉื™ื“ืึธืฐื•ืกืงื˜ื™ื ืจืึธื•ืฉื˜"), ื•ื›ื“ื•ืžื” ื ืึธืš ืื–ืขืœื›ืข 
ืžื™ื ื™ื ืงืึธืžืคึผืœื™ืžืขื ื˜ืขืŸ. ื”ืึธื˜ ื“ืึธื˜ ืื•ื ื–ืขืจ ื ื’ื™ื“ ืคึผืขืจื“ืจืึธืกืขืŸ, ืื•ืŸ 
ืขืจ ื”ืึธื˜ ืžื›ื‘ื“ ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ื“ืขื ืคึผืจื™ืกื˜ืึทืฐื• ืžื™ื˜'ืŸ ื ืึธืžืขืŸ ื” ืก |, ื’ืข" 
ื–ืึธื’ื˜ ืื™ื”ื ืคืืจ ืขื“ื•ืช, ืึทื– ืขืจ ืื™ืŸ ืื™ื™ืŸ ืืžืช'ืขืจ ื”ืžืŸ, ืึธื˜ ื“ืขืจ 
ื—ืžืŸ ืฐืึธืก ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืžื ื™ืœื— ! -- ื”ืึธื˜ ืžืขืŸ ื“ืึธืก ืคืขืจืฆื™ื™ื›ืขื ื˜ ืื™ืŸ 
ืคึผืจืึทื˜ืึธืงืึธืœ ืื•ืŸ ืื•ื ื˜ืขืจื ืขืคื™ื”ืจื˜ ืื•ื ื˜ืขืจ ืึทื–ื˜ ,ืกื˜ืึทื˜ื™ื˜", ืื• ืžืข 
ื”ืึธื˜ ืื•ื ื–ืขืจ ืฉืœื•ื-ื ื›ืขืจ ื˜ืขืคึผืœื™ืงืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ื˜ืขืคึผืœื™ืง ืคืขืจ'ืžืฉืคึผื˜, ืžื—ื™ืœื—, 
ื–ื™ืฆืขืŸ ืฆื•ื•ื™ื™ โ€ ืฐืึธื›ืขืŸ -- ืื•ืŸ ืขืก ื”ืึธื˜ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื’ืขื”ืืœืคืขืŸ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืฉืื•ึนื 
ืจื‘ื•ื ื•ื“ืฉืœ-ืขื•ืœื ! 

ืกืข ืคืขืจืฉื˜ืขื”ื˜ ื–ื™ืš, ืืŸ ื’ืื ืฅ ื˜ืขืคึผืœื™ืง ื”ืึธื˜ ื–ื™ืš ื’ืขืฐื•ื™ืขื ื˜, 
ื’ืขื’ืึทื ื ืขืŸ ื”ืึทื“ืึธืจืื ืคื•ืŸ ืื–ื ืžืขืฉื—. ืกื˜ื•ื™ื˜ืฉ, ืžืข ื”ืื˜ ืคืขืจ'ืžืฉืคึผื˜ 
ื“ืขื ื ื ื™ื“ ืฆื•ื•ื™ื™ ืฐืึธื›ืขืŸ ื˜ื•ืจืžืข! ื“ื™ ื’ืื ืฆืข ืฉื˜ืึธื“ื˜ ืื™ืŸ ืืจื•ื™ืก" 
ื’ืขื’ืื ื ืขืŸ ืื ืงื•ืงืขืŸ, ืฐื™ ืžืข ืคื™ื”ืจื˜ ืฉืœื•ื-ื‘ืขืจ'ืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ,ื—ื“ืจ" ืึทืจื™ืŸ. 
ื˜ึผืข ืื™ืŸ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื’ืขื‘ืœื™ื‘ืขืŸ, ื•ื™ ืžืข ื–ืึธื’ื˜, ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืงื™ื ื“ ืื™ืŸ ืฐื•ื™ืขื ืขืœ, ืื•ืŸ 
ืฉืœื•ื˜-ื›ืขืจ ื˜ืขืคึผืœื™ืงืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ื˜ืขืคึผืœื™ืง, ืึทืŸ ืžืข ื”ืึธื˜ ืื™ื”ื ื“ื•ืจื›ื ืข" 
ื˜ื™ื—ืจื˜ ืื™ื‘ืขืจ'ืŸ ืžืืจืง ืื™ืŸ ,, ืคื˜ืืŸ" ืึทืจื™ื™ืŸ, ื”ืึธื˜ืก ืขืจ ืึทืจืึธืคึผื’ืขืœืึธื•ื˜ 
ื“ืขื ืงืึธืคึผ, ืื•ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื•ื•ื™ื™ื‘ ืกื˜ื™ืกื™-ืคึผืขืจืขืœ ื“ื™ ื ื’ื™ื“ื™ืช ื”ืึธื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืคืึทืจ 
ื‘ื–ื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ืขื”ืืœื˜ืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ื”ื™ื™ื, ืื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ื’ืึทื ืฆืขืจ ืขื•ืœื ืื™ื– ื’ืขืฉื˜ืื™ 
ื ืขืŸ, ื’ืขืงื•ืงื˜ ืื•ืŸ ื’ืขืฉื•ื•ื™ื’ืขืŸ, ืื™ื ื•ื•ืขื ื™ื’ ืื™ืŸ ื”ืึทืจืฆืขืŸ ื“ื•ืงื ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ 
ืฆื•ืคืจื™ืขื“ืขืŸ : ืขืจืฉื˜ืขื ืก, ื ืžืฆื•ื—; ืœืึธื– ืึท ืื™ื“ืš ื ื ื ื™ื“ ื ื™ื ื–ื™ื™ืŸ 
ื‘ื™ื™ ื–ื™ืš ืึทื–ืฑ ืชืงื™ืฃ. ืื•ืŸ ืฆื•ื•ื™ื™ื˜ืขื ืก, ื”ืึธื˜ ืžืขืŸ ืฉืœื•ื-ื‘ืขืจ ื˜ืขืคึผืœื™ืงืขืจ 
ืคื•ืŸ ื˜ืขืคึผืœื™ืง ื’ืœืื˜ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืœื™ืขื‘ ื’ืขื”ืื˜ ืื™ืŸ ืฉื˜ืึธื“ื˜, ื“ืขืจืคืืจ ื•ืืก 
ืขืจ ืื™ื– ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ, ื ื™ื˜ ืื•ื™ืกื ืขืจืขื“ื˜ ื–ืึถืœ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ, ื ื’ืจื•ื™ืกืขืจ ,ื“ื‘ืจ-ืื—ืจ", 
ื ืงืกืฆืŸ, ืื•ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื•ื•ื™ื™ื‘ ืกื˜ื™ืกื™-ืคึผืขืจืขืœ ื”ืึธื˜ ื’ืขื–ืฉืึทืœืขืฐืขื˜ ื ืื™ื“ืขืŸ 


60 ืฉืœื•ื-ืขืœื™ืžื 


ืึท ืฉื˜ื™ืงืข? ื‘ืจื•ื™ื˜, ื—ืึธื˜ืฉ ื–ื™ื™ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ, ื•ื™ ืžืข ื–ืึธื ื˜ ืื™ืŸ ื˜ืขืคึผืœื™ืง, 
ืึทื ื’ืขืฉื˜ืึธืคึผื˜ ืžื™ื˜ ื ืขืœื“", ืื•ืŸ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืงื™ื ื“ืขืจ ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ ืื•ื™ืš ื ื™ื˜ 
ื’ืขื”ืื˜. ,ื•ืขืŸ ืื™ืš ื–ืึธืœ ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืขืจ ื ืขืœื“, --- ื”ืึธื˜ ื–ื™ืš ื™ืขื“ืขืจ 
ื˜ืขืคึผืœื™ืงืขืจ ื’ืขืฐื•ื™ื ืฉืขื•ื•ืขื˜ ืื•ืŸ ื”ืึธื˜ ื‘ืึทืœื“ ื ืขืžืึทื›ื˜ ืึท ื’ืจื•ื™ืกืข ื”ื ื—ื” -- 
ื•ื•ืขืŸ ืื™ืš ื”ืึธื‘ ื—ืึธื˜ืฉ ื”ืืœื‘, ื”ืึธื˜ืฉ ื ื“ืจื™ื˜:ื—ืœืง ืคื•ืŸ ื–ื™ื™, ืฐืึธืœื˜ / 
ื“ื™ ืฉื˜ืึธื“ื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ืžื™ืจ ื ืกืš ืžืขื”ืจ ื”ื ืื— ื’ืขื—ืื˜ !"... ืื•ืŸ ืขืก ืงืึธืŸ. 
ื–ืขื”ืจ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ; ื ืึธืจ ืื–ื•ื™ ื•ื™ ืื™ืŸ ื˜ืขืคึผืœื™ืง ื”ืึธื˜ ื’ืขื”ืื˜ ื’ืขืœื“ ื ืึธืจ 
ืื™ื™ืŸ ืฉืœื•ื-ื‘ืขืจ ื˜ืขืคึผืœื™ืงืขืจ ืื•ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื•ื•ื™ื™ื‘ ืคื˜ื™ืกื™-ืคึผืขืจืขืœ, ืื•ืŸ ื•ื™ื™- 
ื˜ืขื“ ืงื™ื™ื ืขืจ ื ื™ื˜, ื”ืึธื˜ ื“ืขืจืคื•ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื˜ืขืคึผืœื™ืง ืงื™ื™ื ืขืจ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ื”ื ืื” ื ื™ืฉื˜ 
ื’ืขื”ืื˜: ื ื™ื˜ ื“ื™ ืฉื˜ืึธื“ื˜, ื ื™ื˜ ืฉืœื•ื-ื‘ืขืจ ื“ืขืจ ื ื ื™ื“, ื ื™ื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื•ื•ื™ื™ื‘ 
ื“ื™ ื ื ื™ื“ื™ืช. ืื•ืŸ ืืคืฉืจ ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ ื“ื™ ืฆื•ื•ื™ื™ ื™ืึธ ื’ืขื”ืึธื˜ ื”ื ืื” ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขื ? 
ืฉืก ื•ื•ืขื ื“ื˜ ื–ื™ืš, ืฐืึธืก ื‘ื™ื™ ืื™ื™ืš ื•ื•ืขืจื“ ืึธื ื’ืขืจื•ืคืขืŸ ,ื”ื ืื”"? ื‘ื™ื™ ื“ื™ 
ืžืขืคึผืœื™ืงืขืจ ืื™ื“ืขืŸ ื•ื•ืขืจื“ ืึธื ื ืขืจื•ืคืขืŸ ,ื”ื ืื”", ืึทื– ืื™ื”ืจ ืคืขืจื ืขืžื˜ 
ืื•ืžืขื“ื•ื ื“ืขื ืื•ื™ื‘ืขืŸ-ืึธืŸ, ืกื™ื™ ืื™ืŸ ืฉื•ื”?, ืกื™ื™ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืื™ื™ืŸ ืืกื™ืคื”, 
ืกื™ื™ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื ืฉืžื—ื” ; ืื– ืื™ื˜ืœื™ื›ืขืจ ื˜ืจืึธื ื˜ ืื™ื™ืš ืึทืงืขื’ืขืŸ ื“ืขื ื’ื•ื˜" 
ืฉื‘ืช, ื“ืขื ื’ื•ื˜-ื™ื•ื-ื˜ื•ื‘, ื“ืขื ื ื•ื˜-ืžืึทืจื ืขืŸ ; ืึทื– ื‘ืฉืขืช ืื™ื—ืจ ืจืขืจื˜, 
ืฉื•ื•ื™ื™ื’ื˜ ืžืขืŸ, ืื•ืŸ ืฐืึธืก ืื™ื—ืจ ื–ืึธืœื˜ ื ื™ื˜ ื–ืึธื ืขืŸ, ืื™ืŸ ื“ืึธืก ืึท ื—ื›ืžื”. 
ื”ื ืื” ื”ื™ื™ืกื˜, ืื– ืื™ื™ืŸ ืžืึตืœ ืื•ืŸ ื™ืื”ึถืจ ืฉืžื—ืช-ืชื•ื•ื” ืงื•ืžื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืฆื•ื ื•ื™ืฃ . 
ื“ืขืจ ื’ืึทื ืฆืขืจ ืขื•ืœื ืฆื•ื ื ื’ื™ืš ืฉืœื•ื-ื‘ืขืจ ื˜ืขืคึผืœื™ืงืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ื˜ืขืคึผืœื™ืง 
ื›ืœื•ืžื•ืจืฉื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ , ืคึผืจืืงืขืก", ืขืจ ื–ื™ืฆื˜ ื›ืžืœืš ื‘ื ื“ื•ื“ ืื•ื™ื‘ืขืŸืึธืŸ ืื•ืŸ 
ื”ื™ื™ืกื˜ ื“ืขื ืขื•ืœื ื ืขืžืขืŸ ืฆื• ื‘ื™ืกืœืขืš ื‘ืจืึธื ืคืขืŸ, ืื•ืŸ ืกื˜ื™ืกื™ืคึผืขืจืขืœ 
ื“ื™ ื ื’ื™ื“ื™ืช ืงื•ืงื˜ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ื ืœืขื–ืœืขืš ืืจื™ื™ืŸ.. ืžืข ื–ื™ื ื’ื˜ ื ื ื™ื’ื•ืŸ, ืื•ืŸ ืžืข 
ื—ื˜ืคื˜ 8 ื˜ืขื ืฆืขืœ, ื•ื›ื“ื•ืžื” ืื–ืขืœื›ืข ืžื™ื ื™ื ืคืขืจื’ืขื ื™ื ืขืŸ, ืฐืึธืก ืื•ื™ื‘ 
ืื™ื—ื“ ื–ืขื ื˜ ื ื™ื˜ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ื˜ืขืคืœื™ืงืขืจ, ืงืึทื ื˜ ืื™ื—ืจ ื’ืึธืจื’ื™ื˜ ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ 
ื“ืขื ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืฉื•ื ื ืขืคื™ื”?. ืื•ืŸ ื’ืœืึธื˜ ืฐืึธืก ืื™ื– ื•ื•ืขืจื˜ื” ื“ืึธืก, ืึทื– ืึท 
ืžืขื ืฉ ืคื™ื”ืœื˜, ืึทื– ืขืจ ืื™ื– ืื™ื™ื ืขืจ, ืื– ื ืึธืจ ืขืจ ืื™ื– ื“ืขืจ , ืขืคึผื™ืก? --- 
ืขืจ, ืื•ืŸ ื•ื•ื™ื™ื˜ืขืจ ืงื™ื™ื ืขืจ ? 

ืื™ืŸ ื˜ืขืคึผืœื™ืง ืื™ื– ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ื ืึธืจ ืื™ื™ืŸ ืฉืœื•ื-ื‘ืขืจ ื˜ืขืคึผืœื™ืงืขืจ; ืื™ืŸ 
ื˜ืขืžืœื™ืง ืื™ื– ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ื ืึธืจ ืื™ื™ื ืขืจ ืึทื–ืฑื ืขืจ, ืื•ืŸ ื•ื•ื™ื™ื˜ืขืจ ืงื™ื™ื ืขืจ. 


ืžื•ื˜'ืŸ ืขึถื˜ืึทื โ€ / 61 
ืงื˜ืžื™ื˜ืขืœ 2 
ื˜ ืคืจื•ื™ืœื™ื›ืขืจ ืงื‘ืฆืŸ. 


ืื™ืŸ ื˜ืขืคึผืœื™ืง ื–ืึทืœืขืŸ ื ื™ื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืžืกื™ืจื•ืช ืื•ืŸ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืžื•ืคืจื™ื, 
ื“ืึธืก ื”ื™ื™ืกื˜, ืžืขื ืฉืขืŸ, ืฐืึธืก ื’ืขื‘ืขืŸ ืึทื›ื˜ื•ื ื’ ืื™ื™ื ืก ืื•ื™ืคืก ืื ื“ืขืจืข, 
ืื– ืžืข ื–ืึธืœ ื ื™ื˜ ืžืึทื›ืขืŸ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืคืขืจื‘ืจืขื›ืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืงืฒึทืŸ ืคืึทืœืฉืงืฒื˜ืขืŸ, --- 
ืฐื•ืึธืœื˜ืขืŸ ื ื™ื™ืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ ื’ื™ื™ืขื ืฆื™ื’ ื—ืงืงื™ื ืขื‘ื™ืจื•ืช ืคืขืจื‘ืœื™ื›ืขืŸ ืื•ืžื‘ืข- 
ืฉื˜ืจืึธืžื˜, ืื•ืŸ ื˜ืขืคึผืœื™ืง ื•ืึทืœื˜ ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ืคื•ืœ ืžื™ื˜ ื‘ืขืœ-ืขื‘ื™ืจื”'ื ื™ืงืขืก, 
ื•ื•ื™, ืœื—ื‘ื“ื•ืค, ืกื“ื•ึนื. ื ืึธืจ ืžื—ืžืช ืื™ืŸ ื˜ืขืคึผืœื™ืง ื’ื™ื˜ ืžืขืŸ ืฉื˜ืืจืง 
ืื›ื˜ื•ื ื’ ืื™ื™ื ืก ืื•ื™ืคื˜ ืึทื ื“ืขืจืข, ืื•ืŸ ืึทื–ืŸ ืžืข ื“ืขืจื–ืขื—ื˜ ืขืคึผื™ืก ืื™ื™ืŸ 
ืขื•ืœื” ืื•ื™ืฃ ื™ืขื ืขื, ืึทืจื“ืขืจ ืžืข ื“ืขืจื—ืขืจื˜, ืึธื“ืขืจ ืžืข ืฉืžืขืกื˜ื“ืึธืŸ, ืึธื“ืขืจ 
ืกืข ื“ืึทื›ื˜ ื–ื™ืš ื ืืจ ืื•ื™ื, ืึทื– ื™ืขื ืขืจ ื”ืึธื˜ ื’ืขื˜ื”ืึธืŸ ืื™ื™ืŸ ืขื•ืœื—, ื ืขืžื˜ 
ืžืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืžืข ืฉืจื™ื™ื‘ื˜ ืฉื•ื•ืขืง , ืฆื• ื ืึทื˜ืฉืึทืœืกื˜ืฐืข? ืขื˜ืœื™ื›ืข ื•ื•ืขืจื˜ืขืจ : 
ืื–ื•ื™ ืื•ืŸ ืื–ื•ื™ ืื™ ื“ื™ ืžืขืฉื—, ื˜ืึธืžืขืจ ื’ืœื•ื™ื‘ื˜ ืื™ื”ืจ ื ื™ื˜, ื–ื™ื™ื˜ 
ื–ื™ืš ืžื˜ืจื™ื— ืึท ื”ื™ืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืึทื—ื™ืŸ -- ืฐืขืก ืื™ื”ืจ ื“ืึธ ืจื˜ ื’ืขืžื™ื ืขืŸ 
ื“ื ืก ืื•ืŸ ื“ืึธืก.. ืึดื™, ื˜ืึธืžืขืจ ืœืึธื–ื˜ ื–ื™ืš ื ืึทื›ื“ืขื ืื•ื™ืก ื ื‘ื•ื•- 
ื“ืขื -- ืื™ื– ืื•ื™ืš ืึถื”ืŸ ืื™ื™ืŸ ืื•ืžื ืœื™ืง { ืงื•ืžืขืŸ ืงื•ืžื˜ ื“ืขืจืžืืจ ื’ืึธืจื ื™ื˜, 
ื•ื•ืึธืจื•ื ืื•ื ื˜ืขืจืฉืจื™ื™ื‘ืขืŸ ื“ืขื ืื™ื™ื’ืขื ืขื ื ืึธืžืขืŸ ืื™ื– ื ื™ื˜ ื ื•ื™ื˜ื™ื , ืื™ื—ืจ 
ืงืึทื ื˜ ื–ื™ืš ื—ืชืž'ืขื ืขืŸ ืคืขืจืฉื˜ืขืœื˜ : ืึธื“ืขืจ , ืื™ืฉ-ืืžืช , ืื“ืขืจ ื , ื ื•- 
ื˜ืขืจ ืคืจื™ื™ื ืš", ืึธื“ืขืจ ืึท ,ืคืจื™ื™ื ื“ ืคื•ื 'ื ื“ื™ืŸ", ืึธื“ืขืจ ื’ืืจ ืึถื”ืŸ ื ืฉื•ื 
ื—ืชื™ืžื— ืžืึทื›ื˜ ืื•ื™ืš ื ื™ื˜ ืื•ื™ืก, ืื‘ื™ ืื™ื”ืจ ื–ืึธืœื˜ ืึธื ื•ื•ื™ื™ื–ืขืŸ ื•ื•ืื•ื—ื™ืŸ 
ืžืข ื–ืึธืœ ื’ืขื”ืŸ ืื•ืŸ ื•ื•ืึธ ืก ืžืข ื•ืืœ ื–ื•ื›ืขืŸ.,., ืคึผืœื™ืกืขืฆืงื™ ื”ืึธื˜ ื–ื™ืš, 
ื’ื™ืฉืงืฉื”, ื’ืขืžืขื’ื˜ ื‘ืขืจื™ื”ืžืขืŸ, ื˜ื• ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืฉืคึผื™ืึธื ืขืŸ ื‘ืขื“ืืจืฃ ืขืจ ื ื™ืฉื˜ 
ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ, ื“ื™ ื˜ืขืคึผืœื™ืงืขืจ ื‘ืขืœื™-ื‘ืชื™ื ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืึทืœื™ื™ืŸ ื’ื•ื˜ืข ืฉืคึผื™ืึธื ืขืŸ. 

ื ืึธืš ืื–ื ืžื™ื•ืŸ ื”ืงื“ืžื— ืฐื•ืขื˜ ืื™ื™ืš ืฉืื•ื™ืŸ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ื—ื™ื“ื•ืฉ ื ื™ื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ, ื•ืืก 
ื˜ืข ื”ืึธื˜ ืื™ื™ื ืžืึธืœ ืื™ืŸ ืึท ืฉืขื ืขื ืคืจื™ื”ืžืึธืจื’ืขืŸ ื‘ืขืœืึทื’ืขืจื˜ ื‘ืขืจืขืค 
ื“ืขื ืจื•ื™ื˜ืขืŸ ืžื™ื ื“ืขื ืงืจื•ืžืขืŸ ืคื•ืก ืคึผื•ื ืงื˜ ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืžื™ื ื•ื˜, ื•ื•ืขืŸ ืขืจ 
ืื™ื– ื’ืขื–ืขืžืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ืขืจ ืขืจื“, ื“ื™ ืคึผืึธืœืขืก ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืงืึทืคึผืึธื˜ืข ืžืขืš- 
ืงืึทื˜ืฉืขื˜ ืื•ืŸ ืื•ื ื˜ืขืจื’ืขืฉื˜ืขืงื˜ ืื™ืŸ ื’ืึทืจื˜ืข? ืึทืจื™ืŸ, ืื™ื‘ืขืจ ื ื ืจื•ื•" 


69 ืฉืœื•ืื™ืขืœื™ื›ื 


ืกืขืŸ ื‘ื•ื˜ืขืœ ืžื™ื˜ ื•ืึธื–ื™ื ืงืขืก-ื•ื•ื™ื™ืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืฆืขื’ืึธืกืขืŸ ืื™ื”ื ืื™ืŸ ืงืœื™ื™ื ืข 
ืคืœืขืฉืœืขืš, ืฐืึธืก ืขืจ ืึทืœื™ื™ืŸ ื˜ืึทืงื™ ืžืœืขื ื˜ ื–ื™ื™ ื ืึธื›ื“ืขื ืคืจื™ื™ื˜ืึธื’ ืฆืข- 
ื˜ืจืึทื ืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืงื™ื“ื•ืฉ, ื’ืขืฉืžืึทืง ื’ืขืงื™ื™ืขื ืžื™ื˜'ืŸ ืžื•ื™ืœ. ื“ื™ ืคึผืจืึธื‘ืงืขืก 
ืื•ืŸ ืฆื•ื ืขืงืœืึทืคึผื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ืื•ื™ื‘ืขืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ื“ืขืจ ื”ืื ื“ ืื•ืŸ ืฉื˜ืึทืจืง ื’ืขืฉื•ื•ื™ืฆื˜. 
ืคึผืœื™ืกืขืฆืงื™ ื”ืึธื˜ ืคึผืึทืฐืึธืœื™ื ืงืข ืื•ื™ืคื’ืขืขืคืขื ื˜ ื“ื™ ื˜ื”ื™ืจ, ื‘ืขื˜ืจืึทื›ื˜ ื‘ืข" 
ืจืขืœ ื“ืขื ืจื•ื™ื˜ืขืŸ, ืฐื•ื™ ื’ืขืฉืžืึทืง ืขืจ ืืจื‘ื™ื™ื˜, ื’ืขืฉื˜ืึทื ืขืŸ ืึท ืคึผืึทืจ ืžื™ื ื•ื 
ืื•ึนื™ืฃ ื“ืขืจ ืฉื•ื•ืขืœ, ื–ื™ืš ืื™ื‘ืขืจื’ืขืงื•ืงื˜ ืžื™ื˜ ืคึผืืœื™ืฆื™ืข, ืื•ืŸ ืื– ื‘ืขืจืขืœ 
ื”ืึธื˜ ืื•ื™ืคื’ืขื”ื•ื™ื‘ืขืŸ ื“ื™ ืื•ื™ื’ืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจื–ืขื—ืขืŸ --- ื”ืžืŸ ืื™ืฐืื ืื•ื•ื™ื˜ืฉ 
ืฉื˜ืขื”ื˜ ื‘ื™ื™ ื“ืขืจ ื˜ื—ื™ืจ, ืื™ื– ืขืจ ืืฑืคึผื’ืขืฉื˜ืึทื ืขืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืขืจื“, ืฆื• 
ื’ืขื’ืื ื’ืขืŸ ืฆื• ืื™ื”ื ืžื™ื˜'ืŸ ืงืจื•ืžืขืŸ ืคื•ืก, ืึท ืงื•ืง ื ืขื˜ื”ืึธืŸ ืื™ื”ื ื’ืœื™ื™ืš 
ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืื•ื™ื ืขืŸ ืึทืจื™ื™ืŸ, ืฐื•ื™ ืื™ื™ื ืขืจ ืจืขื“ื˜ : , ื“ื• ื•ื•ืขืกื˜ ืžื™ืš ืžืกืชืžื 
ืฉื˜ืจืืคื™ืจืขืŸ ?. ืฉื˜ืจืืคื™ืจ ืžื™ืš, ืฐืึธืก ืฐืขืกื˜ ื“ื• ื‘ื™ื™ ืžื™ืจ ื ืขืžืขืŸ? 
ื“ืขื ื“ืœื•ืช ?" | 

ื•ื™ ืงื•ืžื˜ ื“ืึธืก, ืฐืึธืก ืื•ื ื–ืขืจ ื‘ืขืจืขืœ ืื™ื– ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ืื–ื•ื™ ืชืงื™ืฃ ? 
ื•ื•ื™ื™ืœ ืขืจ ื”ืึธื˜ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื’ืขื”ืึทื˜ ืฐืึธืก ืฆื• ืฉืจืขืงืขืŸ ื–ื™ืš. ืืžืช, ืขืจ ื”ืึธื˜ 
ื’ืขืžืื›ื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ืจืึธื–ื™ื ืงืขืก ื•ื•ื™ื™ืŸ, ืฆืขื’ืึธืกืขืŸ ืื™ื”ื ืื™ืŸ ืคืœืขืฉืœืขืš ืื•ืŸ 
ืฆืขื˜ืจืึธื ืขืŸ ืื™ื”ื˜ ืฆื•ื•ื™ืฉืขืŸ ื‘ืขืงืื ื˜ืข ืื•ื™ืฃ ืงื™ื“ื•ืฉ, ืื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจืคื•ืŸ ื˜ืึทืงื™ 
ื’ืขืœืขื‘ื˜, ื ืึธืจ ืึทื– ืึถืš ืื•ืŸ ื•ื•ืขื” ืื™ื– ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ืฆื•ื ื•ื•ื™ื™ืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืึทื– ืึถืš ืื•ืŸ 
ื•ื•ืขื” ืื™ื– ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ืฆื•ื ืœืขื›ืขืŸ ! ื“ืขืจ ื•ื•ื™ื™ืŸ ืื™ื– ื ื™ื˜ ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ื•ื•ื™ื™ืŸ, 
ื“ืึธืก ืœืขื‘ืขืŸ ืื™ื– ื ื™ื˜ ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ?ืขื‘ืขืŸ ; ื’ืึธืจื ื™ื˜, ืึทื‘ื™ ื™ื•ืฆื ื–ื™ื™ืŸ, 
ืžืึทื›ืขืŸ ื ื‘ืจื›ื” , ื‘ื•ืจื ืคึผืจื™ ื”ื ืคืŸ" -- ืคืึธืจื˜ ื ื™ื˜ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืคึผืจืึธืกื˜ืขืจ 
ื‘ืจืึทื ืคืขืŸ, ืื•ืŸ ื ืฉื˜ื™ืงืขืœ ื˜ื”ื•ืขื›ื˜ืก, ื ืคืจื ืกื”, ืื™ื– ื“ืึธืก ืคืึธืจื˜, 
ื”ืึธื˜ืฉ ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ ื”ืึธื˜ ืขื“ ื“ืขืจืคื•ืŸ ื’ืขื”ืึทื˜, ืžืฉื˜ื™ื™ื ืก ื’ืขื–ืึธื’ื˜, ืฐืึทืกืขืจ 
ืื•ื™ืฃ ื—ืœื”, ื ืึธืจ ืึทื›ึฟืฅ ื’ืœื™ื™ื›ืขืจ ืฐื™ ื’ืึธืจื ื™ืฉื.. ื•ื•ืขื”-ื•ื•ืขื”, ื•ื•ื™ืคื™ืขืœ 
ืื™ื“ืขืŸ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืคืึทืจื”ืึทืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื˜ืขืคึผืœื™ืง, ืฐืึธืก ื˜ื—ื•ืขืŸ ื’ืึธืจื ื™ืฉื˜ ืื•ืŸ ืคืขืจ" 
ื“ื™ืขื ืขืŸ ื ื’ืึธืจื ื™ืฉื˜ ืื•ืŸ ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ ื’ืึธืจื ื™ืฉื˜, ืึธื‘ืขืจ ื˜ืึทืงื™ ืœื—ืœื•ื˜ื™ืŸ ื’ืืจ" 
ื ื™ืฉื˜ ! 

ืื•ืŸ ื˜ืึทืงื™ ืึธื˜ ื“ื™ ื“ืึธื–ื™ื’ืข , ื’ืึธืจื ื™ืฉื˜ื“ื™ื’ืข? ืื™ื“ืขืŸ, ืฐืึธืก ื˜ื”ื•ืขืŸ 
ื’ืึธืจื ื™ืฉื˜ ืื•ืŸ ืคืขืจื“ื™ืขื ืขืŸ ื’ืึธืจื ื™ืฉื˜ ืื•ืŸ ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ ื’ืึธืจื ื™ืฉื˜, ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ 
ื–ื™ืš ืžืชืงื ื ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื‘ืขืจืขืœ ื“ืขื ืจื•ื™ื˜ืขืŸ, ืฐืึธืก ืœืขื‘ื˜ ,ื•ื™ ื 


ืคึผื™ื'ืŸ ืขืžืึทื 68 


ืžืื’ื ื˜ื˜", ื”ืึธื˜ ืืœืข ืฉื‘ืช ืคื™ืฉ ืื•ืŸ ืคืœื™ื™ืฉ, ื–ืึธื ื˜ ืžืขืŸ, ืื•ืŸ ืงื•ื™ืœืขื˜ืฉ 
ืื•ื“ืฉื™, ืื•ืŸ ืงื™ื ื“ืขืจ ืื™ืŸ ื—ื“ืจ ื”ืืœื˜ ืžืขืŸ, ืื•ืŸ ื“ืขื ื ืงืœื™ื™ืจืขืœ ืžืึทื›ื˜ 
ืžืขืŸ, ืื•ืŸ ื˜ ืฆื™ืขื’ ืื™ื™ืŸ ืื™ื™ื’ืขื ืข ื”ืึธื˜ ืžืขืŸ -- ืื•ืŸ ืึทืœืฅ ืคื•ื 'ื ื‘ื™ืกืข5 
ืจืึธื–ื™ื ืงืขืก, ืฐืึธืก ืขืจ , ืคึผืขืจืงืึทืœืขืคึผื•ื˜ืฉืขื˜? ืื•ืŸ ืžืึทื›ื˜ ื“ืขืจืคื•ืŸ ืฐื™ื™ืŸ 
ืื•ึนื™ืฃ ืงื™ื“ื•ืฉ ! ื”ืึธื˜ ืžืขืŸ ื’ืขื ื•ืžืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืžืข ื”ืึธื˜ ืื•ื•ืขืงื’ืขืฉื•ื™ื ืขืŸ ืžึผืคึฟื™- 
ืกืขืฆืงื™'ืŸ ื ื‘ืจื™ืขืฃ ืžื™ื˜'ืŸ ื’ืขื•ื•ื™ืกืขืŸ ื ื•ืกื—, ืฐืึธืก ื”ื•ื™ื‘ื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืึถืŸ ื‘ื– 
ื”ืœืฉื•ืŸ ; 

ื–ื™ ืฐื™ ืกื™ืจ ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ ืฉื˜ืขื ื“ื™ื’ ืื™ืŸ ื–ื™ื ืขืŸ ื ืึธืจ ืกืื•ื ื˜ ืžื™ื˜ 
ืื™ื—ืจืข ืื™ื ื˜ืขืจืขืกืขืŸ, ืื•ืŸ ืึทื–ื•ึนื™ ืฐื•ื™ ืคืืจ ื“ืขืจ ืงืื–ื ื ืื™ื– ื“ืึธืก ื’ืขื•ื•ื™ื 
8 ื’ืจื•ื™ืกืขืจ ื—ื™ื–ืง ื˜ืึธืžืขืจ ื”ืึทื ื“ืขืœื˜ ืื™ื™ื ืขืจ ืึถื”ืŸ ื ืคึผืึทื˜ืขื ื˜, ืื•ืŸ 
ืึทื–ืฑ ื•ื™ ื‘ืขืจืขืœ ื“ืขืจ ืจื•ื™ื˜ืขืจ, ืึธืŸ ื•ืฉืข ื‘ืขืจืงื ืงืจื™ื•ื•ืฉื˜ืง, 
ื”ืึทื ื“ืขืœื˜ ืžื™ื˜ ื•ื•ื™ื™ืŸ ืึดื—ึนืŸ ืึท ืฉื•ื ืคึผืึทื˜ืขื ื˜ ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ืึทื–ื•ื™ ืคื™ืขืœ ื™ืึธื”ืจืขืŸ, ืื•ืŸ 
ืึทื–ืฑื™ ื–ื•ื™ ืขืจ ืึทืœืฒืŸ, ื‘ืขืจืขืœ ื“ืขืจ ืจื•ื™ื˜ืขืจ, ืึท | ื•ืฉืข ื‘ ืข ื”ืง ื 
ืงืจื™ื•ื•ืฉืืง, ืžืึทื›ื˜ ืื™ื”ื ื˜ืึทืงื™ ืžื™ื˜ ื–ื™ื™ื ืข ืื™ื™ื ืขื ืข ื”ืขื ื“, ืื•ืŸ 
ืึทื–ืฑ ื“ื•ื™ ื“ื™ ืจืขื›ื˜ืข ืคืื‘ืจื™ืงืืฆื™ืข ืงื•ืžื˜-ืคืึธืจ ื‘ื™ื™ ื‘ืขืจืข? ื“ืขื ืจื•ื™ื˜ืขืŸ, 
ืึทืŸ ื–ืฉืข ื‘ืขืจืงื ืงืจื™ื•ื•ื˜ืง, ืื•ืŸ ืื™ ืฐื•ื™ื™ื˜ืขืจ', 

ื“ืึธืก ืชืงื™ืคื•ืช ืคื•ืŸ ื˜ึตื™ื™ืŸ ืึทืจืขืกื˜ืŸ ืื™ื– ื’ืืจ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืงืึทื˜ืึธื•ืขืก ื ื™ื˜ : 
ืฐืึธื˜ ืืจืขืžืขืจ ื“ืขืจ ืึธืจืขืžืืŸ ืื™ื–, ืื™ื– ืขืจ ื‘ื™ื™ ื–ื™ืš ืžืขื”ืจ ืชืกื™ืฃ, ืึท ืกืฃ 
ืžืขื—ืจ ืชืงื™ืฃ ืฐื•ื™ ื“ืขืจ ื’ืจืขืกื˜ืขืจ ื ื ื™ื“. ืื™ืš ื”ืึธื‘ ืึทืœึตื™ื™ืŸ ื’ืขื”ืขืจื˜ ืคื•ืŸ 
ืึตื™ื™ืŸ ืึทืจืขืžืึทืŸ, ืฐืึธืก ื”ืึธื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืื•ื™ืกื’ืข'ื˜ืขื ื—'ื˜ ืžื™ื˜'ืŸ ืื ื“ืขืจืขืŸ 
ืึทืจืขืžืึทืŸ : 

--- ืื˜ ื’ืœื™ื™ื›ื˜ื˜ ื“ื• ื–ื™ืš ืฆื• ืžื™ืจ, ื“ื• ืคึผืึทืจืš ืื™ื™ื ืขืจ ? ื“ื• ืคืึทืจ- 
ืžืึธื ืคื˜ ื ืึธืš ื ืคึผืึทืจ ื’ืึทื ืฆืข ืฉื˜ื™ื•ื•ืขืœ ืžื™ื˜ ื ืฉื˜ื™ืงืข? ืคึผืึทืœื˜ื, ืื•ืŸ 
ืื™ืš ื”ืึธื‘ ื“ืขืจื•ื™ืฃ ืืคื™ืœื• ืกื™ื™ืŸ ื”ืฉื ื— ื ื™ื ! 

ื“ื™ ื•ื•ืขืจื˜ืขืจ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื’ืขื–ืึธื’ื˜ ื’ืขืฐืึธืจืขืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ืึทื–ืึท ื’ืจื•ื™ืกืงื™ื™ื˜, ืื– 
ื•ื•ืขืŸ ืขืก ืฉื˜ืขื”ื˜ ื“ืขืจื‘ื™ื™ ืจื•ื™ื˜ืฉื™ืœืจ, ืคืึทืœื˜ ืขืจ ืืจืึธืคึผ ื‘ื™ื™ ื–ื™ืš. 

ื—ืžืŸ ืื™ืฐืึทื ืึธืฐื™ื˜ืฉ ื”ืึธื˜ ื“ืขืจื•ื•ื™ื™? ื‘ืขื˜ืจืึทื›ื˜ ื‘ืขืจืขืœ ื“ืขื 
ืจื•ื™ื˜ืขื 'ืก ืึทืคึผืึทืจื˜ื˜ืžืขื ื˜ืขืŸ, ืฐืึธืก ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื‘ืขืฉื˜ืึทื ืขืŸ ืคื•ึนืŸ ื“ืจื™ื™ ื—ื“ืจื™ื, 
ื“ืึธืก ื”ื™ื™ืกื˜, ืฆื•ื•ื™ื™ ืึทืœืงืขืจื˜ ืžื™ื˜ ื ืงื™ืš, ืื•ืŸ ืึทืœืข ื“ืจื™ื™ ื—ื“ืจื™ื ื–ืขื ืขืŸ 
ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ืคืขืจืฉื˜ืขืœื˜ ืžื™ื˜ ื‘ืขื˜ืœืขืš, ืื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื‘ืขื˜ืœืขืš ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ 


64 | ืฉืœื•ื-ืขืœื•ื›ื 


ื‘ืขื–ืขืฆื˜ ืžื™ื˜ ืงื™ื ื“ืขืจ, ืื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืงื™ื ื“ืขืจ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ื”ืึทืœื‘-ืึทื ื’ืขื˜ื”ืึธืŸ 
ืื•ืŸ ื”ืืœื‘-ื ืึทืงืขื˜, ื“ืึธืก ื—ื™ื™ืกื˜, ืคื•ื 'ื ื”ืึทืœื– ื‘ื™ื–'ืŸ ืคึผื•ืคึผื™ืง ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื–ื™ ื’ืขื“ 
ื•ื•ืขืŸ ืึธื ื’ืขื˜ื”ืึธืŸ, ืื•ืŸ ืคื•ื 'ื ืคึผื•ืคึผื™ืง ืื•ืŸ ื•ื•ื™ื™ื˜ืขืจ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ื ืึทืงืขื˜, 
ืื•ืŸ ื‘ืึธืจื•ื™ืก ืื•ื“ืื™. ืคืึทืจ ื“ืขืจ ื“ืึธื–ื™ื’ืขืจ ื”ืึทืœื‘-ื ืึทืงืขื˜ืขืจ ืื•ืŸ ื‘ืึธืจ- 
ื•ื•ื™ืกืขืจ ื”ื‘ืจื” ืื™ื– ื“ืขืจ ืคึผืจื™ืกื˜ืึทืฐื• ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ืึทื™ื™ืŸ ืึธื ื’ืขืœืขื’ื˜ืขืจ ืคึผืึทืจืฉืฑืŸ, 
ืฐืึธืก ื–ื™ื™ ื”ืื‘ืขืŸ ืื–ืขืœื›ื ืงื™ื™ื ืžืึธืœ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื’ืขื–ืขื”ืขืŸ. ื–ื™ื™ ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ ื–ื™ืš 
ื ื™ื˜ ื’ืขืคื•ื™ืœื˜, ืึทืจืึธืคึผ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื‘ืขื˜ืœืขืš, ืคึผืึทืฐืึธืœื™ื ืงืข ื–ื™ืš ืื•ื ื˜ืขืจื ืข"- 
ื’ื ื‘'ืขื˜ ืฆื•ื ืคึผืจื™ืฅ ืื•ืŸ ื ืขืงื•ืงื˜ ืื™ื—ื ืื™ืŸ ืคึผื ื™ื ืึทืจื™ื™ืŸ, ื‘ืขื˜ืจืึทื›ื˜ ื“ื™ 
ื’ื™ืœื“ืขื ืข ืงื ืขืค ืื•ืŸ ื ื˜ืึทืคึผ ื’ืขื˜ื”ืึธืŸ ื“ืขื ืงื•ื˜ืึธืก ืคื•ื 'ื ืฉื•ื•ืขืจื˜, 
ืื•ืŸ ืคึผืœื™ืกืขืฆืงื™ ื”ืึธื˜ ื“ืขืจื•ื•ื™ื™? ื’ืขืคื™ื—ืจื˜ ืึท ืฉืžื•ืขืก ืžื™ื˜ ื‘ืขืจืขืœ ื“ืขื 
ืจื•ื™ื˜ืขืŸ, ืฐืึธืก ืžื™ืจ ื’ืขื‘ืขืŸ ืื™ื”ื ื“ืึธ ืื™ื‘ืขืจ ืฐืึธืจื˜ ื‘ื™ื™ ืฐืึธืจื˜ : 

ืคึผืœื™ืกืขืฆืงื™: ื•ืขื“ืœื™ื  ืžืข ืฉืจื™ื™ื‘ื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื™ืจ, ื‘ืื“ืึทืจืคืกื˜ 
ื“ื™ื• ืคืืจื“ื™ืขื ืขืŸ ืฉืขืŸ ื’ืขืœื˜ ? 

ื‘ืขืจืขืœ?ืœ: ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืฆื• ืคืืจื–ื™ื ื“ื™ื’ืขืŸ, ื”ืœื•ืื™ ื•ื•ื™ื™ื˜ืขืจ ื ื™ื˜ ืขืจื’ืขืจ, 

ื‘ืขืกืขืจ ื”ืึธื˜ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื ื™ื˜. 

ืคึผืคื™ืกืขืฆืงื™: ืฐืึธืก ื–ืฉืข ื ืขื”ืขืŸ ื‘ื™ื™ ื“ื™ืจ ื“ื™ ืงื™ื ื“ืขืจ ื ืึทืงืข 
ืื•ืŸ ื‘ืึธืจืฐื™ื˜ ? 

ื‘ืขืจืขืœ?: ื‘ื›ื“ื™ ื–ื™ื™ ื–ืึธืœืขืŸ ื‘ืขืกืขืจ ืฐืึทื›ืกืขืŸ. 

ืคึผืœื™ืกืขืฆืง ื™;: ื ืžื™ื˜ืฅ ื ืขืœื˜ ืฐืึธืก ื˜ื”ื•ืกื˜ ื“ื•? 

ื‘ืขืจืขืœ: ืื™ืš ื˜ื”ื• ืึทื–ืฑ ืฐื™ ื“ื™ ื’ืžืจื ืœืขื”ืจืขื’ื˜ ืื•ื ื–. 

ืคึผืœื™ืกืขืฆืกื™: ื“ื™ ื’ืžืจื? ืฐื™ ืึทื–ืฑ ืœืขื”ืจืขื ื˜ ืึทื™ื™ืš ื“ื™ 
ื ืžืจื ? 

ื‘ืขืจืขืœ: ื“ื™ ื ืžืจื ื›ืขื”ืจืขื ื˜ ืื•ื ื– ื˜ื”ื™ื™ืœืขืŸ ื“ืึธืก ื’ืขืœื˜ ืื•ื™ื 
ื“ืจื™ื™ ื—ืœืงื™ื: ืึท ื“ืจื™ื˜ืข? ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืขืจืจ, ืึท ื“ืจื™ื˜ืขืœ ืื™ืŸ ืžื–ื•ืžืŸ, ืึท 
ื“ืจื™ื˜ืข? ืื™ืŸ ืžืกื—ืจ. 

ืคึผืœื™ืกืขืฆืงื™; ืื™ืš ื–ืขื— ืึทืจืฑืก, ืึทื– ื“ื• ื‘ื™ื–ื˜ ืึท ื ืึทื ืฅ ืคืจื™ื™- 
ืœื™ื›ืขืจ ืคึผืึทืจืฉื•ืŸ. 

ื‘ืขืจืข?: ืฐืึธืก ื”ืึธื‘ ืื™ืš ืฆื• ื–ืึธืจื’ืขืŸ ? ืฐืึธืก ืคืขื”ืœื˜ ืžื™ืจ 
ืื•ืŸ ืฐืึธืก ื”ืึธื‘ ืื™ืš? ื–ืึธื’ ืžื™ืจ ื‘ืขืกืขืจ, ืื“ื•ื ื™ ืคึผืจื™ืฅ, ืฐืึธืก ืฉืจื™ื™ื‘ืขืŸ . 


ืžื•ื'ืŸ ืขืžืื 5 


ื“ื™ืจ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืžื™ืจ ื“ื™ ืื™ื“ืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืฐืึธืก ืงืึธืŸ ืžื™ืจ ืกื•ืžืขืŸ ื ืึธืš ื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืื™ืฆ- 
ื˜ื™ื ืขืŸ ื•ื•ื™ื–ื™ื˜ ? 

ืคึผืœื™ืคืขืฆืงื™: ืฐืขืกื˜ ืึทืœืกื“ื™ื ื’ ื•ื•ืขืœืขืŸ ื•ื•ื™ืกืขืŸ, ืฐืขืกื˜ ื“ื• 
ื’ื™ืš ืึทืœื˜ ื•ื•ืขืจืขืŸ. ื“ื• ื•ื•ื™ื™ื– ืžื™ืจ ื ืึธืจ ืึทืงืึทืจืฉื˜ ืึทืœึถืข ื“ื™ื™ื ืข ืฉืึทืคืขืก, 
ืื™ืš ื“ืึทืจืฃ ื‘ื™ื™ ื“ื™ืจ ื ืึธืš ืขืคึผื™ืก ืึท ื–ื•ืš ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ, ื˜ืึธืžืขืจ ืฐื•ืข? ืื™ืš ื‘ื™ื™ ื“ื™ืจ 
ื’ืขืคื™ื ืขืŸ, ื ื—ื•ืฅ ื•ื•ื™ื™ืŸ, ื ืึธืš ืขืคึผื™ืก ื’ื ื•ื˜ืข ื–ืึทื›ืขืŸ... 

ื‘ืขืจืข?: ืึถืš, ืžื™ื˜'ืŸ ื’ืจืขืกื˜ืขืŸ ื›ื‘ื•ื“! ื˜ืึธืžืขืจ ื’ืขืคื™ื ืกื˜ 
ื“ื• ืขืจื’ื™ืฅ ืฉืกื•ื’ื ืึทืฆื™ืขืก, ืึธื“ืขืจ ื’ืึธืœื“, ืึธื“ืขืจ ื–ื™ืœื‘ืขืจ, ืื™ื– ื™ื—ื“ื™ื•, ื—ืฆื™ 
ืฉืœื™ ื•ื—ืฆื™ ืฉืœืš, 

ืคึผืœื™ืกืขืฆืงื™: ื‘ื™ื–ื ืžื™ืจ ืขืคึผื™ืก ืฆื• ืคืจื™ื™ืœื™ืš, ื•ื™ ืื™ื™ื ืขืฃ 
ืฐืึธืก ืคืืจ'ืŸ ื˜ื•ื™ืจื˜, 

ื‘ืขืจืขืœ:; ืขืก ืงืึธืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ, ืงื™ื™ื ืขืจ ื•ื•ื™ื™ืกื˜ ื ื™ื˜ ื•ื•ืขืžืขื 'ืก ืžืึธืจ- 
ื’ืขืŸ, ื•ื™ ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ื’ืžืจื ื‘ื™ื™ ืื•ื ื– ืฉื˜ืขื”ื˜ ื’ืขืฉืจื™ื‘ืขืŸ: ;ื•ืืœื˜ื˜ 
ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ื ื˜ืึธื’ ืคืืจ'ืŸ ื˜ื•ื™ืจื˜?. ืื•ืŸ ืึทื–ื•ื™ ืฐื•ื™ ื ืžืขื ื˜ืฉ ื•ื•ื™ื™ืกื˜ 
ื“ืึธืš ื ื™ื˜, ื•ื•ืขืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืžืœืืš-ื”ืžื•ืช ืงืึธืŸ ืื™ื”ื ื ื”ืืค ื˜ื”ื•ืŸ ืคืืจ'} 
ื’ืึธืจื’ืขืœ, ืœื›ืŸ,,,- 

ื“ืึธ ื”ืึธื ืื™ื”ื˜ ื“ืขืจ ืคึผืจื™ืกื˜ืึทื•ื• ืื™ื‘ืขืจื’ืขืฉืœืึทื ืขืŸ ื“ื™ ืจืขื“, ื 
ืจื•ืฃ ื’ืขื˜ื”ืึธืŸ ืคึผืึทืœื™ืื™ืข ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืจื•ื™ืกืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ ื’ืขื—ื™ื™ื˜ืขืŸ, ืžืข ื–ืึธืœ ืื™ื”ื 
ื ืขืžืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ,ื—ื“ืจ" ืืจื™ื™ืŸ. ื“ืขืจื”ืขืจื˜ ื“ื™ ื“ืึธื–ื™ื’ืข ื•ื•ืขืจื˜ืขืจ, ืื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ื™ 
ื‘ืขืจืœืขืŸ ืคืขืจืงื™ื”ืœื˜ ื’ืขืฐืึธืจืขืŸ ืื™ื ื•ื•ืขื ื™ื’, ืื•ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืฉื˜ื•ื‘ ืื™ื– ื’ืขืฐืึธืจืขืŸ 
ื ื’ืขื•ื•ื™ื™ืŸ, ื ืœื™ื™ืš ื•ื™ ืžืข ืฐืึธืœื˜ ืึทืจืฑืกื’ืขื˜ืจืึธื’ืขืŸ ืึท ื˜ื•ื™ื“ื˜ืขืŸ. 

ืกืข ืคืขืจืฉื˜ืขื”ื˜ ื–ื™ืš, ืึทื– ื‘ืึทืœื“ ืื™ื– ืžืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื˜ืขืคึผืœื™ืง ื’ืขื•ื•ืึธื”ืฃ 
ื’ืขืฐืึธืจืขืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืžืขื™ืฉื” ืคื•ืŸ ืื™ื™ืŸ ืขืง ืฉื˜ืึธื“ื˜ ื‘ื™ื–'ืŸ ืึทื ื“ืขืจืขืŸ, ืื•ืŸ 
ืžืขืŸ ืื™ื– ืฆื•ื ื•ื™ืคื’ืขืœืึทืคืขืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ืึทืœืข ื ืึทืกืขืŸ ื–ืขื”ืขืŸ, ื•ื™ ืžืข ืคื™ื”ืจื˜ ื ืึธืš 
ื˜ ืื™ื“ืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ,ื—ื“ืจ" ืืจื™ื™ืŸ, ืžืข ื•ื•ื™ื™ืกื˜ ื ื™ื˜ ืคืึทืจ ืฐืึธืก. ื“ืึธืก ื”ื™ื™ืกื˜, 
ืคืึทืจ ืฐืึธืก -- ืื™ืŸ ืžืขืŸ ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ื’ืขืฐืึทื—ืจ ื’ืขืฐืึธืจืขืŸ ; ืฐืึธืก ื”ื™ื™ืกื˜, 
ืžืข ืฐื•ืขื˜ ืื™ืŸ ื˜ืขืคึผืœื™ื ื ื™ื ื’ืขืฐื•ืึธื”ืจ ื•ื•ืขืจืขืŸ ? ื•ื‘ืคืจื˜ ืžืข ื”ืึธื˜ ื’ืข" 
ื–ืขื”ืขืŸ, ืึทื– ื—ืžืŸ ืื™ืฐืื’ืึธืฐื™ื˜ืฉ ื”ืึธื˜ ื’ืขื˜ืจืึธื’ืขืŸ ืึท ืคืœืขืฉืข? ืžื™ื˜ ื•ื•ื™ื™ืŸ, 
ืฐืึธืก ื‘ืขืจืข ืžืึทื›ื˜ ืื–ื™ืฃ ืฆื• ืคืขืจืงื•ื™ืคืขืŸ ืึถื”ืŸ ืึท ืคึผืึทื˜ืขื ื˜. ื“ื™ ื–ืึทืš ืื™ื– 
ื ืึธืจ -- ืฐืึธืก ืงืึธืŸ ืื™ื”ื ื“ืขืจืคืึทืจ ืงื•ืžืขืŸ? ืฉื˜ืจืึธืฃ, ืฆื™ ื˜ื•ืจืžืข? 


ืฉืœื•ืื™ืขืœื™ื›ื ื‘. 34711ื 5 


6 ืฉืœื•ื"ืขืœื•ื›ื 


ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ืขืจื•ื™ื” ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ ื“ื™ ื˜ืขืคึผืœื™ืงืขืจ ืื™ื“ืขืŸ ื–ื™ืš ื’ืขืฉืืจืคื˜ ื“ื™ ืžื•ื—ื•ืช, 
ืื•ืŸ ืจื—ืžื ื•ืช ื’ืขื”ืึทื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื‘ืขืจืขืœ ื“ืขื ืงื‘ืฆืŸ ืึท ืกืš ืžืขื”ืจ, ื•ื™ ืื•ื™ืฃ 
ืฉืœื•ืžื™ื‘ืขืจ ื“ืขื ื ื ื™ื“, ืื•ืŸ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื’ืขืงืึทื ื˜ ื”ืขืœืคืขืŸ ืื™ื”ื ื“ืขืจืฆืŸ 
ื’ืึธืจื ื™ื˜, ืกื™ื™ืจืขืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ืึท ืงืจืขื›ืฅ. 


ื™ืฉื™ 


ืงืึทืคึผื™ื˜ืข? ื“. 
ื ืึธืš ืึท ืค ืขืจ ื‘ ืจืข ื› ืขืจ. 


ื”ืžืŸ ืื™ืฐืึทื ืึธืฐื™ื˜ืฉ ื”ืึธื˜ ื“ืขื ื˜ืึธื’ ื’ืขื ื•ืžืขืŸ ื–ื™ืš ืฆื• ื“ื™ ื˜ืขืคึผืœืฒ 
ืงืขืจ ืื™ื“ืขืŸ ื ืึธืจ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืึตื™ื™ืŸ ืึทื ื“ืขืจ ืื•ืคืŸ. ืขืจ ื”ืึธื˜ ื“ืขื ืื™ื™ื’ืขื ืขื 
ื˜ืึธื’ ื’ืขืคึผืึทืงื˜ ื ืึธืš ื ืื™ื“ืขืŸ, ืึทื–ืขืœื›ืขืŸ, ืฐืึธืก ื”ืึธื˜, ืื™ื™ื’ืขื ื˜ืœื™ืš, 
ื’ืึธืจื ื™ื˜ ืคืขืจื–ื™ื ื“ื™ื’ื˜, ื ืึธืจ ืก'ืื™ื– ืึทื–ืฑ ื ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ื“ื™ ืžืขืฉื—ืช: ืก'ืื™ื– 
ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื˜ืขืคึผืœื™ืง ืึท ื‘ืขื”ืขืœืคืขืจ, ื”ืขื ื™ืš ื“ืขืจ ื‘ื—ื•ืจ. ื”ืึธื˜ ื“ืขืจ 
ื“ืึธื–ื™ื’ืขืจ ื—ืขื ื™ืš ื’ืขื”ืึธื˜ ืึตื™ื™ืŸ ืขืœื˜ืขืจืขืŸ ื‘ืจื•ื“ืขืจ ื“ื•ื“ื™ืœื™ื‘. ื”ืึธื˜ ื“ืขืจ 
ื“ื•ื“ื™ืœื™ื‘ ื‘ืขื“ืึทืจืคื˜ ืฉื˜ืขื”ืŸ ื”ื™ื™ื ื˜ื™ื’ืก ื™ืึธื”ืจ ืฆื•ื ืคึผืจื™ื–ื™ื•ื• ืื•ืŸ ื”ืึธื˜ 
ื’ืขืฐืึธืœื˜ ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ ืึท ืœื ืึธื˜ืข, ื•ื•ื™ื™? ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืึทื ื“ืขืจืขืจ ื‘ืจื•ื“ืขืจ ื”ืขื ื™ืš ืื™ื– 
ื ืึธืš ื ื™ื˜ ืึทืœื˜ ื ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืึทื›ืฆืขื”ืŸ ื™ืึถื”ืจ, --- ืึทื–ืฑ ื”ืึธื˜ ื’ืขื ืึทื ื˜ 
ื“ื•ื“-ืœื™ื‘ ืื•! ืึทื–ืฑ ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืกื ืขื•ื•ื™ื–ืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ื ืข ืคึผืึทืคึผื™ืขืจืขืŸ, ืฐืึธืก ืขืจ 
ื—ืึธื˜ ืฆื•ื’ืขืฉื˜ืขืœื˜ ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืคึผืจื™ืคื•ื˜ืกื˜ืฐื™ืข ืื™ืŸ ื”ื™ื™ืกื™ืŸ. ื’ืึทืจ ื“ืึธืก 
ืื™ื– ื ืึธืš ืึทืœืฅ ื•ื•ื™ื ืฆื™ื’, ืฐืึธืก ืึท ืื™ื“ ืงืึธืŸ ื–ืึธื’ืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ , ืฆื•ืฉื˜ืขืœืขืŸ" 
ืคึผืึทืคึผื™ืขืจืขืŸ ; ืžืข ื‘ืขื“ืึทืจืฃ ืึท ืงื•ืง ื˜ื”ื•ืŸ ืื•ื™ื'ืŸ ืงืœื™ื™ื ืขื ืึทืœืฒืŸ, ื•ื•ืขื 
ืžืขืŸ ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ื•ื•ื™ืกืขืŸ, ื•ื•ื™ืคื™ืขืœ ืขืจ ืื™ื– ืึทืœื˜. ืื™ื– ืึธื ื’ืขืงื•ืžืขืŸ ืฆื• ืคึผืœื™ 
ืกืขืฆืงื™'ืŸ ืึท ืคึผืึทืคึผื™ืขืจ, ืขืจ ื–ืึธืœ ืฆื•-ืฉื˜ืขืœืขืŸ ื”ืขื ื™ื›ืขืŸ. ืงื™ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ื™ืกื™ืŸ, ืื•ืŸ 
ืคึผืœื™ืกืขืฆืงื™, ืึทืŸ ืžืข ืฉืจื™ื™ื‘ื˜ ืื™ื”ื , ืฆื•ื™ืฉื˜ืขืœืขืŸ", ื‘ืขื“ืึทืจืฃ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ , ืฆื•ื“ 
ื’ืขืฉื˜ืขืœื˜". ื”ืึธื˜ ืขืจ ืฆื•ื ืขืฉื™ืงื˜ ืฆื• ืื™ื—ื ื“ืขื ืื•ืจื™ืึทื“ื ื™ืง ืื•ืŸ ืžืข 
ื”ืึธื˜ ื“ืขื ื‘ื—ื•ืจ ื’ืขื ื•ืžืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ ื ืขื‘ื“ืึทื›ื˜ ืฆื• ืคื™ื”ืจืขืŸ ืฆื•ื ืคึผืจื™ืกื˜ืึทืฐ 
ืื™ืŸ , ืกื˜ืึทืŸ" ืืจื™ื™ืŸ. : 

ื“ืขืจ ืงืึธืœื™ืจ ืคื•ืŸ ื”ืขื ื™ื›'ืก ืคึผื ื™ื ืื™ื– ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ื“ืึธืก, ืฐืึธืก ืžืข ืจื•ืคื˜ 
ืึธืŸ ื , ืžื™ืชื”-ืžืฉื•ื ื”"ืงืืœื™ืจ", ืื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจืฆื• ื”ืึธื˜ ืขืจ ื ืึธืš ื’ืขื—ืึทื˜ ืึท 


ื˜ื•ืž'ืŸ ืขืžืึธื 6 


ื‘ืขืœืžืข ืื•ื™ืฃ ืื™ื™ืŸ ืื•ื™ื’, ืื•ืŸ ื’ืขืงื•ืงื˜ ื”ืึธื˜ ืขืจ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื ื–ื™ื™ื˜, ืึท ื‘ื™ื˜ืขืœ 
ืฆื•ื’ืขืฉืึทืงืขืœื˜ ืžื™ื˜'ืŸ ืงืขืคึผืขืœ ืื•ื™ืš ; ื”ื™ื™ื ื˜ ื“ืขืจ ืื™ื‘ืขืจืฉืจืขืง, ืฐืึธืก 
ืžืข ื”ืึธื˜ ืื™ื”ื ืื•ืฑื™ืคื’ืขื”ืึทืคึผื˜, ืฐื™ ืขืจ ืฉื˜ืขื—ื˜ ืื•ืŸ ื’ืขื—ื˜, ืขืจ ื•ื•ื™ื™ืกื˜ 
ื’ื™ื˜ ืคืึทืจ ื•ื•ืึธืก ืื•ืŸ ืคืึทืจ ื•ื•ืขืŸ -- ื“ืึธืก ืึทืœืกื“ื™ื ื’ ื”ืึธื˜ ืื™ื”ื ืฆื•ื ืขื ืข- 
ื‘ืขืŸ ืึท ื‘ืขื–ื•ื ื“ืขืจ ืžื™ืŸ ื•ื•ื™ืœื“ืงื™ื™ื˜, ืื•ืŸ ืขืจ ื”ืึธื˜ ื ืขืžืึทื›ื˜ ืื•ื™ืค'ืŸ ืคึผืจื™ืก- 
ื˜ืึทื•ื• ื’ืึธืจ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ื ื•ื˜ืขืŸ ืื™ื™ื ื“ืจื•ืง, ืื•ืŸ ืฆื•ื•ื™ืฉืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ ืื™ื– ืคืึธืจื’ืข- 
ืงื•ืžืขืŸ ื ืงื•ืจืฆืขืจ, ื ืึธืจ ืึท ืœืขื‘ืขื“ื™ื ืขืจ ืฉืžื•ืขืก ; 


-- ื“ืึธืก ื‘ื™ื–ื˜ ื“ื•, ื”ืขื ื™ืš ื˜ืขืœืขืจืœืขืงืขืจ 4 --- ื”ืึธื˜ ืื™ื”ื ืžืคึผืœื•- 
ืกืขืฆืงื™ ืึท ื—ืึทืคึผ ื’ืขื˜ื”ืึธืŸ ืื•ืŸ ื‘ืขื˜ืจืึทื›ื˜ ืื™ื—ื ืคื•ืŸ ืื•ื™ื‘ืขืŸ ืึทืจืึธืž. 


--- ื“ืึธื˜ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืื™ืš ื”ืขื ื™ืš ื˜ืขืœืขืจืœืขืงืขืจ. -- ื”ืึธื˜ ืื™ื”ื ื”ืขื ื™ืš 
ื’ืขืขื ื˜ืคืขืจื˜ ื’ืึธืจ ื’ื™ื™ืฆื™ื’, ืื•ืŸ ื”ืึธื˜ ื‘ืึทืœื“ ื‘ืขืจืขื›ืขื ื˜, ืึทื– ื“ืึธืก ืจื•ืคื˜ 
ืžืขืŸ ืื™ื”ื ืžื›ื•ื—'ืŸ ืคึผืจื™ื–ื™ื•ื• ืคื•ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ืจื•ื“ืขืจ ื“ื•ื“-ืœื™ื‘, ื”ืึธื˜ ืขืจ ืคืขืจ- 
ื—ืึทืคึผื˜ ืคืจื™ื”ืขืจ, ื ืึธืš ืื™ื™ื“ืขืจ ืžืข ืฐืขื˜ ื‘ื™ื™ ืื™ื”ื ืคืจืขื ืขืŸ: -- ืื™ืš 
ื‘ื™ืŸ ื ืึธืš ื ื™ื˜ ืึทืœื˜ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืึทื›ืฆืขื”ืŸ ื™ืึธื”ืจ, ื•ื™ ืื™ืš ื‘ื™ืŸ ื ืื™ื“, ืืŸ ื ื™ื˜ !... 


-- ืึทื–ื•ื™ โ€ ืึท ื—ื•ืฅ ืฉื‘ืชื™ื ืื•ืŸ ื™ื•ื-ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื ! --- ื”ืึธื˜ ืื™ื”ื˜ 
ืคืœื™ืกืขืฆืงื™ ื’ืขืขื ื˜ืคืขืจื˜ ืื•ืŸ ืึท ืงื•ืง ื ืขื˜ื”ืึธืŸ ืื™ื”ื ื ืœื™ื™ืš ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืื•ื™" 
ื’ืขืŸ ืึทืจื™ื™ืŸ ืื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจื–ืขื”ืขืŸ ื“ื™ ื‘ืขืœืžืข. ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขื ื“ืึธื–ื™ื’ืขืŸ ืงื•ืง ืื™ื– 
ื”ืขื ื™ื›ืขืŸ ื’ืขืฐืึธืจืขืŸ ืคื™ื ืกื˜ืขืจ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืื•ื™ื ืขืŸ, ืงืึทืœื˜ ืื™ืŸ ื‘ื•ื™ืš ืื•ืŸ ืงืึท- 
ืœืขืžื•ื˜ื ืข ืื•ื™ืค'ืŸ ื”ืึทืจืฆืขืŸ, ืื•ืŸ ืก'ืื™ื– ืื™ื—ื ื“ื•ืจื›ื’ืขืคืœื•ื™ื’ืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืื™ื™ืŸ 
ืจื’ืข ืึท ื˜ืจื•ื™ืขืจื™ื’ืข ืžื—ืฉื‘ื” ืื™ืŸ ืงืึธืคึผ: (ืื•ื™ื ืœื’ืึธื˜ืข, ืคืึทืจืคืึทืœืขืŸ 
ื“ื•ื“ื™ืœื™ื‘ !",., ืื•ืŸ ื”ืขื ื™ืš ื”ืึธื˜ ืฉื˜ืึทืจืง ื—ืฉืง ื’ืขื”ืึธื˜ ื ื˜ื•ื‘ื” ื˜ื”ื•ืŸ 
ื“ืขื ื‘ืจื•ื“ืขืจ ื ืขื‘ืฉืš, ืื•ืŸ ืขืจ ื”ืึธื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืืจื•ื™ืกื ืขืฉื˜ืขืœื˜ ืคึฟืึทืจ ื 
ืฉืชื“ืœืŸ ืื•ืŸ ื”ืึธื˜ ื‘ืขืงื•ืžืขืŸ 9ืฉื•ืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ืึท ืžืึธืœ ืฆืขืจืขื“ื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืคืึทืจ 
ืคื™ื™ืขืจ ืื•ืŸ ืคึฟืึทืจ ืฐืึทืกืขืจ : ,ืื™ืš ืฉื•ื•ืขืจ ืื™ื™ืš, ืื– ืื™ืš ื‘ื™ืŸ ืžืขืชืจ ื ื™ื˜ 
ืึทืœื˜ ื•ื™ ื–ื™ืขื‘ืขืฆืขื”ืŸ ื™ืึถื”ืจ ืžื™ื˜ ืึท ื—ื•ื“ืฉ, ืึธื“ืขืจ ืืคืฉืจ ื ืึธืš ืึถืžืŸ ื 
ื—ื•ื“ืฉ, ืื™ืš ื–ืึธืœ ืึทื–ืฑ ื“ืขืจืœืขื‘ืขืŸ ืงื•ืžืขืŸ ืื—ื™ื™ื ื‘ืฉืœื•ื! ืงื•ืกื˜ 
ื ื™ื ื“ืขืจื•ื™ืฃ, ืฐืึธืก ืื™ืš ื–ืขื” ืื•ื™ืก ืื˜ืฉืจ ืขืœื˜ืขืจ, ืก'ืื™ื– ื‘ื™ื™ ืื•ื ื– 
ืึทื•ืึท ื’ื“ืœ'ืข, ืึทื–ืึท ื•ื•ืื•ื›ื˜ ื”ื™ื™ืกื˜ ื“ืึธืก, ืฐืึธืก ืคื•ืŸ ืคื•ืคืฆืขื”ืŸ ื™ืึธื”ืจ ืึธืŸ 
ื”ื•ื™ื‘ื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืึธืŸ ืฉื™ื˜ืขืŸ ื‘ื™ื™ ืื•ื ื– ื ื‘ืขืจืจืขืœ.... 


68 - ืฉืœื•ื-ืขืœื•ื›ื˜ 


ืคึผืœื™ืกืขืฆืงื™ ื”ืึธื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื”ืขื ื™ื›ืขืŸ ื’ืขืงื•ืงื˜, ื’ืขืฉืึธืงืขืœื˜ ืžื™ื˜'ืŸ ืงืื˜ 
ืื•ืŸ ื’ืขืฉืžื™ื™ื›ืขืœื˜, ื•ื™ ืื™ื™ื ืขืจ ืจืขืจื˜ : ืฆื• ื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ืขืœืžืข, ืฐืึธืก ื“ื• 
ื”ืึธืกื˜ ืื•ื™ืค'ืŸ ืื•ื™ื , ืื•ืŸ ืฆื•ื ืžื™ืชื—-ืžืฉื•ื ื—-ืงืึธืœื™ืจ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืคึผื ื™ืž'ืขืœ 
ืคึผืึทืกื˜ ื“ื™ืจ ื˜ืึทืงื™ ื“ืึธืก ื‘ืขืจื“ืขืœ, ื›ืœืขื‘ืขืŸ".. ื ืึธื›ื“ืขื ื”ืึธื˜ ืขืจ 
ืึท ื–ืึธื’ ื’ืขื˜ื—ืึธืŸ ืฆื•ื ืคืึธื˜ืกืงื™, ืึทื– ื‘ื™ื– ืขืจ ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื“ืึธ ืื™ื‘ืขืจืงื•ืงืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ื ืข 
ืคึผืึทืคึผื™ืขืจืขืŸ ื–ืึธืœ ืขืจ ืื™ื”ื ืึทืจืึธืคึผืคื™ื”ืจืขืŸ ืืจืึธืคึผ ืื™ืŸ ,ื—ื“ืจ" ืืจื™ื™ืŸ, 
ืื•ืŸ ื”ืขื ื™ืš ื”ืึธื˜ ืึธื ื’ืขืฐื•ืึธื”ืจืขืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ืึท ืžืึธืœ ื“ืขื ื ืึทื ืฆืขืŸ ืžื•ื˜ื”, 
ื“ืึธืก ืคึผื ื™ื ืื™ื– ืื™ื”ื ื’ืขืฐืึธืจืขืŸ ื ืึธืš ืžืขื—ืจ ื˜ื•ื™ื“ื˜ ื•ื™ ืชืžื™ื“, ืื•ืŸ ืื™ืŸ. 
ื”ืึทืจืฆืขืŸ ื‘ื™ื™ ื–ื™ืš ื”ืึธื˜ ืขืจ ื‘ืขื’ืจืึธื‘ืขืŸ ื“ืขื ื‘ืจื•ื“ืขืจ ื ืขื‘ืึทืš ืื•ื™ืฃ 
ืื™ื™ื‘ื™ื ; ,ืื•ื™, ื‘ื™ื–ื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืฆืจื•ืช, ื“ื•ื“-ืœื™ื‘, ืึทื– ืึธืš ืื•ืŸ ืขื” ืื™ื– 
ื“ื™ืจ {... 


-- ื”ืขืจ ื ืึธืจ ืื•ื™ืก, ื“ื•, ืึธื“ื ืึท ืžืขื ื˜ืฉ, ืฆืคึผื•ืจ ืึท ืคื•ื™ื’ืขืœ, ืงืึทื˜ืฉ- 
ืงืข ืจื•ืง ื–ื™ืš ! ื•ื™ ืงื•ืžืกื˜ ื“ื• ืึทื”ืขืจ ืื™ืŸ ืงืึธื˜ืฉื•ืžืขื ื˜ ืึทืจื™ื™ืŸ? ืฐืึธืก 
ืคืึทืจ ื ืžืขืฉื” ื”ืึธืกื˜ ื“ื• ืคืึทืจืฉื˜ื•ืคึผื˜ ืื•ืŸื™ื•ื•ืขืจ ื”ืึธื˜ ื“ื™ืš ื ืข'ืžืกืจ'ื˜ ? 

ืึทื–ืฑ ื”ืึธื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืึธื ื’ืขืจื•ืคืขืŸ ื‘ืขืจืขืœ ื“ืขืจ ืจื•ื™ื˜ืขืจ ืฆื•ื ื ื™ื™ืขื ืคึผืึทืจ- 
ืฉื•ื™ืŸ, ืฆื• ื”ืขื ื™ืš ื“ืขื ื‘ื—ื•ืจ, ืื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ื ื’ื™ื“ ืฉืœื•ื-ื‘ืขืจ ื˜ืขืคึผืœื™ืงืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ 
ื˜ืขืคึผืœื™ืง ื”ืึธื˜ ืื™ื”ื ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจื•ื•ื™ื™ื˜ืขืŸ ื’ืขื ื•ืžืขืŸ ื‘ืขื˜ืจืึทื›ื˜ืขืŸ ืคื•ื 'ื 
ืงืึธืคึผ ื‘ื™ื– ื“ื™ ืคื™ืก, ื•ื™ ืžืข ื‘ืขื˜ืจืึทื›ื˜ ืึท ื’ื ื‘, ืฐืึธืก ืžืข ื”ืึธื˜ ืื™ื”ื 
ื ืึธืจ-ืฐืึธืก ื’ืขื—ืึทืคึผื˜ ืžื™ื˜ ืึท ื’ื ื‘ื”. ื”ืขื ื™ืš ืคื•ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ื˜ ื”ืึธื˜ ื‘ืข- 
ื˜ืจืึทื›ื˜ ื“ืขื ื ื ื™ื“, ืฐื•ื™ ื ื“ื•ืœืขืจ, ืื•ืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื’ืจื•ื™ืก ื”ืชืคึผืขืœื•ืช, ืฐืึธืก 
ืขืจ ื–ืขื”ื˜ ืคืึทืจ ื–ื™ืš ืึธื˜ ื“ืขื ื ื ื™ื“, ื”ืึธื˜ ืขืจ ืึธื ื’ืขื”ื•ื™ื‘ืขืŸ ื‘ืขืœืขื‘ืขื˜ืฉืขืŸ 
ืžื™ื˜ ื“ืขืจ ืฆื•ื ื’, ืึทืœื™ื™ืŸ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื ื’ืขื•ื•ืื•ืกื˜ ืฐืึธืก ืขืจ ืจืขื“ื˜. ืื•ืŸ ื‘ืขืจืขืœ 
ื“ืขืจ ืจื•ื™ื˜ืขืจ, ืฐื•ืึธืก ืื™ื– ืคื•ืŸ ืชืžื™ื“ ืึธืŸ, ื•ื•ื™ ืžื™ืจ ื•ื•ื™ื™ืกืขืŸ ืฉื•ื™ืŸ, ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ 
ื ืคืจื™ื™ืœื™ื›ืขืจ ืคึผืึทืจืฉืฑืŸ, ืœื™ืขื‘ ื ืขื”ืื˜ ื–ืึธื’ืขืŸ ื•ื•ืขืจื˜ืœืขืš ื“ืขืžืึธืœื˜ 
ืืคื™ืœื•, ื•ื•ืขืŸ ืขืจ ื”ืึธื˜ ื ื™ื˜ ื’ืขื”ืึธื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืฉื‘ืช, ื”ืึธื˜ ื–ื™ืš ื“ืึธ ืื™ืฆื˜ 
ืคืึทืจ'ืŸ ื ื ื™ื“ ืื•ื™ืกื’ืขืฉื˜ืขืœื˜, ื’ืขืžืึทื›ื˜ ื—ื•ื–ืง ืคื•ื 'ื ื ืึทืจื™ืฉืขืŸ ื‘ื—ื•ืจ, 
ื•ื™ ื“ืขืจ ืฉื˜ื™ื™ื ืขืจ ืื™ื– ืคื•ืŸ ืึตื™ื™ืŸ ืึธืจืขืžืึทืŸ, ืึทื– ืขืจ ื‘ืขื ืขื ืขื ื˜ ื–ื™ืš 
ืžื™ื˜'ืŸ ืึทื ื“ืขืจืขืŸ ืึธืจืขืžืึทืŸ, ื ืึธืš ืึท ื’ืจืขืกืขืจืขืŸ ืฉืœื™ื-ืžื–ืœ ืคื•ืŸ ื–ื™ืš, ืื ืŸ 


ืžื•ื˜'ืŸ ืขื˜ืื˜ 69 


ื‘ื›ื“ื™ ื“ืขืจ ื ื ื™ืจ ื–ืึธืœ ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ ืคืขืจื’ืขื ื™ื ืขืŸ, ื˜ืจืขื˜ ืขืจ ืฆื• ื™ืขื ืขื ืžื™ื˜ 
ื“ื™ ืžื™ื, | 

-- ืก'ืื™ื– ืึท ืžืขืฉื— ื“ืึธ ืžื™ื˜ ืžื™ืจ, ืื™ืš ื•ื•ื™ื™ืก ื ื™ื˜ ืึทืœื•ืŸ ื ืืจ 
ืฐืึธืก, ืžื™ื™ืŸ ื“ื•ื“-ืœื™ื‘, ื•ื•ืขื” ืื™ื– ืžื™ืจ ! ื˜ืึธืžืขืจ, ืื™ืš ื•ื•ื™ื™ืก, ื ืงืฉื™ื 
ืื•ื” ืึท ืžืขืฉื—, ืขื˜ืฐืึธืก ืžืขื”ืจ ืคื•ืŸ ืึทืคึผืฆืขื”ืŸ ืื™ืš, ืื™ืŸ ืขืจ ื ืžืืจ" 
ืคึฟืึทืœืขื ืขืจ ื—ืœื™ืœื”,, 

ืึทื–ืฑ ื‘ืขืœืขื‘ืขื˜ืฉืขื˜ ื”ืขื ื™ืš, ื“ืขืจืฆืขื”ืœื˜ ื“ื™ ืžืขืฉื”, ืฐื•ื™ ืึทืจื•ื 
ืขืจ ืงื•ืžื˜ ืึทื”ืขืจ, ืื•ืŸ ื‘ืขืจืขืœ ื“ืขืจ ืจื•ื™ื˜ืขืจ ืฉืœืึธื’ื˜ ืื™ื”ื ืื™ื‘ืขืจ : 

--- ืฐืึธืก ืคึผืึทื˜ืฉื˜ ื“ื• ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ ืœื™ืคึผืขืŸ, ื“ื• ืฉื•ื˜ื— ื‘ืŸ ืคึผื™ืงื”ืึธืœืฅ ? 
ื–ืึธื’ ืฐื•ืขืจื˜ืขืจ ! ืžื™ืจืงืข, ื ืขื‘ ืœืฉื•ืŸ! 

-- ืื™ืš ื–ืึธื’ ืฐืึธืก ืžื™ื™ืŸ ื“ื•ื“-ืœื™ื‘ ื’ืขื‘ืืš, --- ืžืึทื›ื˜ ืฆื• ืื™ื”ื 
ื”ืขื ื™ืš ืื•ืŸ ืฉื˜ืขืœื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืคึผืœื•ืฆื™ื ืึดืคึผ ืื™ืŸ ืžื™ื˜ืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ ื˜ื—ื•ื˜ ืึท ืคืจืขื  
ื‘ื™ื™ ื‘ืขืจืขืœ ื“ืขื ืจื•ื™ื˜ืขืŸ : 

--- ื•ื™ ืึทื–ื•ึนื™ ื–ืขื— ืื•ื™ืก ื‘ื™ื™ ืื™ื™ืš ืึทืฉื˜ื™ื™ื’ืขืจ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืื•ื™ื ืขืŸ 
ืื™ืš ? 

--- ื•ื™ ืึทื–ืฑื™ ื“ื• ื–ืขื—ืกื˜ ืื•ื™ืก 4 ื“ื• ื–ืขื”ืกื˜ ืื•ื™ืก ื•ื™ ืึท ืคืจื" 
ืื“ื, -- ืขื ื˜ืคืขืจื˜ ืื™ื”ื ื‘ืขื”ืข? ืื•ืŸ ืฆืขืœืึทื›ื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืึทืœื™ื™ืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจ 
ื—ื›ืžื—, ืื•ืŸ ืงื•ืงื˜ ืื•ื™ื'ืŸ ื ื ื™ื“, ืฆื™ ื“ืขืจ ื ื ื™ืš ืœืื›ื˜ ืื•ื™ืš.. ื“ืขื 
ื’ื’ื™ื“ ืึธื‘ืขืจ ืœืึทื›ื˜ ื–ื™ืš ื ื™ื˜. ืขืจ ื‘ืขื˜ืจืึทื›ื˜ ื“ืขื ืฉืœื™ื-ืžื–? ื”ืขื ื™ืš, 
ืฐื™ ืขืจ ื’ืขื—ื˜ ืึธืคึผื’ืขืจื™ืกืขืฑืึธืคึผื’ืขืฉืœื™ืกืขืŸ, ืื•ืŸ ื•ืื•ื ื“ืขืจื˜ ื–ื™ืš, ืฆื• 
ื•ื•ืึธืก, ืึทืฉื˜ืฒื™ื’ืขืจ, ืœืขื‘ื˜ ืึทื–ืขืœื›ืก ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ืขืจ ื•ื•ืขืœื˜? 

-- ื’ื™ื™ืŸ ! --- ื–ืึธื’ื˜ ื”ืขื ื™ืš ืื•ืŸ ืงื•ืงื˜ ืžื™ื˜ ืื™ื™ืŸ ืื•ื™ื’ ืื•ื™ืคืฅ 
ื’ื’ื™ื“ ืื•ืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ื“ืขืจ ื‘ืขืœืžืข ืื•ื™ืฃ ื‘ืขืจืœืขืŸ. -- ื’ื™ื˜ ื“ืึธืก ืžื™ื™ืŸ ืื™ืš ! 
ืื™ืš ืžื™ื™ืŸ, ื•ื•ื™ืคื™ืขืœ, ืึทืฉื˜ื™ื™ื’ืขืจ, ืฐืึธืœื˜ ื ื™ ื” ืจ ื’ืขื ื’ืขื‘ืขืŸ ืžื™ืจ? 

-- ืฐืึธืก ื’ืขื’ืขื‘ืขืŸ ? 

--- ื™ืึทื”ืจืขืŸ, ื”ื™ื™ืกื˜ ื“ืึธืก, ืžื™ื™ืŸ ืื™ืš, 


| = -- ืึท?- ื•ื•ื™ืคื™ืขืœ ื“ื• ื‘ื™ื–ื˜ ืึทืœื˜  ?โ€ ืื™ืš ืจืขื›ืขืŸ, ืื– ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืžืขื—ืจ 
ืฐื•ื™ ื ื™ืึธื—ืจ ืฆื•ื•ื™ื™ ืื•ืŸ ืฆืฐืึทื ืฆื™ื’, ืื•ืŸ ืืคืฉืจ ื ืึธืš ืžื™ื˜ ื ืกืžื™ื˜ืฉื™ืง ? 


70 ืฉืœื•ื-ืขืœื™ื›ื 


ื”ืขื ื™ืš ื”ืึธื˜ ืคืึทืจ ื”ืึทืจืฆื•ื•ืขื”ื˜ื™ื’ ืื•ืŸ ืคืึทืจ ื›ืขืก ืึทื–ืฉ ืึทืจืฑืกื’ืข- 
ืœืึธื–ื˜ ืึท ืงื•ื•ื™ื˜ืฉ ืื•ืŸ ืื™ื– ืึธื ื’ืขืคืึทืœืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื‘ืขืจืขืœ ื“ืขื ืจื•ื™ื˜ืขืŸ, 
ื’ืœื™ื™ืš ืฐื™ ื™ืขื ืขืจ ื”ืึธื˜ ืื™ื”ื ื’ืขืฐืึธืœื˜ ืงื•ื™ืœืขืŸ. 


--- ืžืฉื•ื’ืข, ืฆื™ ื—ืกืจ ื“ืขื” ? ืฐืึธืก ื“ืขื“ื˜ ืื™ื—ืจ ืฐืึธืก ? ืขืจืฉื˜ 
ื ื™ื˜ ืœืึทื ื’ ืฆืฐืึทื ืฆื™ื’ ื“ื•ื“-ืœื™ื‘ ื’ืขืฐืึธืจืขืŸ ื™ืึถื”ืจ ื”ื™ื™ืกื˜ ื“ืึธืก, ืื•ืŸ ืžื™ื˜ 
ื“ืจื™ื˜ื”ืึทืœื›ืขืŸ ืขืœื˜ืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ืžื™ืจ ืกืš-ื”ื›ืœ, ื”ื™ื™ื ื˜ ื“ืขืจ ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ ืึทื™ื™ืขืจืขืจ 
ื•ื•ืื• ืื™ื–? ืึทื‘ื™ ื”ื™ื™ืกื˜ ื“ืึธืก ื’ืขืจืขื“ื˜ ! 


ืื•ืŸ ื”ืขื ื™ืš ื”ืึธื˜ ื‘ืฉืขืช ืžืขืฉื” ืื•ื™ืกื’ืขื–ืขื”ืขืŸ ืึทื–ืฑ ื•ื•ื™ืกื˜, ืึทื–ืฑ 
ื˜ืจื•ื™ืขืจื™ื’, ืื•ื™ืฃ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืคึผื ื™ื ืื™ื– ื ืขืœืขื ืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืกื’ืขืฆื•ื™ื ืขืŸ ืึทื–ืฑ ืคื™ืขืœ 
ืจื—ืžื ื•ืช, ืึทื– ื“ืขืจ ื’ื’ื™ื“ ืึทืœื™ื™ืŸ ื”ืึธื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืคืขืจืื™ื ื˜ืขืจืขืกื™ืจื˜ ืื•ืŸ ื”ืึธื˜ 
ืื™ื”ื ืึท ืคืจืขื’ ื ืขื˜ื”ืึธืŸ : 


--- ืื™ื”ืจ ื–ืขื ื˜, ื”ื™ื™ืกื˜ ื“ืึธืก, ืฆื•ื•ื™ื™ ื‘ืจื™ื“ืขืจ, ืึทืคึผื ื™ื, ืฐื•ื™ ืกืข 
ื–ืขื”ื˜ ืื•ื™ื ? 


--- ืฆื•ื•ื™ื™ ื‘ืจื™ื“ืขืจ ืžื™ื ืื™ื™ืŸ ืึทืœื˜ืขืจ ืžืึทืžืข ื”ื™ื™ืกื˜ ื“ืึธืก, ืื•ืŸ 
ืึท ืžื™ื™ื“ืข? ืคื•ืŸ ืึท ื™ืึถื”ืจ ื“ืจื™ื™ืฆืขื”ืŸ ื“ื™ืขื ื˜, ืื•ืŸ ื ืึธืš ืึท ื‘ืจื•ื“ืขืจืขืœ ืึท 
ืงืœืขื ืขืจืก ืื™ืŸ ื ืงืœื™ื™ื˜ ื›ืœื•ืžืจืฉื˜, ืื•ืŸ ื ืึธืš ืžื™ื™ื“ืœืขืš ืฆื•ื•ื™ื™ ืงืœื™ื™- 
ื ืข, ืžื™ื˜ ืื™ื™ื ืขื ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืชืœืžื•ื“-ืชื•ืจื” ืึท ื™ื•ื ื’ืขืœืข, ืื•ืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ 
ืงืึธืžึผ ืึทืœืข, ืื•ืŸ ื˜ืึธืžืขืจ ื—ืคื™ืœื” ื•ื—ืก ื’ืขื—ื˜ ืึทืฐืขืง ืขืจ, ืžืขื’ืขืŸ ื ืขืžืขืŸ 
ื“ื™ ื˜ืึธืจื‘ืขืก ืžื™ืจืš ืื•ืŸ ื’ืขื”ืŸ ืื™ื‘ืขืจ ื“ื™ ื”ื™ื™ื–ืขืจ ืึทืœืข... 


ืื•ืŸ ื”ืขื ื™ืš ื“ืขืจืฆืขื”ืœื˜, ื•ื™ ืึทื–ืฑ ืขืจ ืงืึธืŸ, ื“ื™ ื’ืึทื ืฆืข ืžืขืฉื— ืžื™ื˜'ืŸ 
ืคึผืจื™ื–ื™ื•ื•, ืžื™ื˜ ื“ืขืจ ืคื ืึธื˜ืข, ืฐืึธืก, ืึทืคึผื ื™ื, ืขืžื™ืฆืขืจ ื”ืึธื˜ ืื™ื”ื 
ื’ืข'ืžืกืจ'ื˜, ืื– ืขืจ ืื™ื– ืขืœื˜ืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ืึทื›ืฆืขื”ืŸ ื™ืึธื”ืจ, ื—ืึธื˜ืฉ ืขืจ ืงืึธืŸ 
ื’ืขื—ืŸ ืฉื•ื•ืขืจืขืŸ ื ืฉื‘ื•ืขื” ื“ืื•ืจื™ื™ืชื, ืึทื– ืขืจ ืื™ื– ื ืึธืš ื’ื™ื˜ ืึทืœื˜ ืงื™ื™ืŸ 
ืึทื›ืฆืขื”ืŸ, ื ืึธืจ ืขืคื™ื˜ ืžืขืฉื”-ืฉื˜ืŸ, ื•ื™ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืฆื• ืœื—ื›ืขื™ืก, ืฉื™ื˜ ื–ื™ืš 
ืื™ื”ื, ื”ืขื ื™ื›ืขืŸ, ืึท ื‘ืึธืจื“, ืื•ืŸ ืึทืœืข ื–ืึธื’ืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืื™ื”ื, ืึทื– ืขืจ ื–ืขื”ื˜- 
ืื•ื™ืก ืคื•ืŸ ืึท ื™ืึถื”ืจ ืฆืฐืึทื ืฆื™ื’, ืื•ื™ื‘ ื ื™ื˜ ืžืขื”ืจ ; ื–ื™ ื‘ืฉืœื“ ืึทื–, 
ื”ืึธื˜ ื“ืึธืš ื ื™ื˜ ื“ื•ื“-ืœื™ื‘ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืœื ืึธื˜ืข ืืคื™ืœื• ืึท ื‘ืจืขืงืขืœ ื ื™ื˜, ื”ื™ื™ื ื˜ 
ืฐืึธืก ื•ื•ืขืœืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ, ื˜ืึธืžืขืจ ื—ืœื™ืœื” ,ืงืจื™ื›ื˜ ืขืจ ืึทื•ืขืง? 3.. 


ืžื•ืž'ืŸ ืขื˜ืึทืคึผ 11 


ืื•ืŸ ื”ืขื ื™ืš ืงืขืจืขื•ื•ืขื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืืค ืžื™ื˜ ื“ืขืจ ื‘ืขืœืžืข ืื•ื™ืฃ ื ื–ื™ื™ื˜, 
ื”ื•ื™ื‘ื˜ ืึธืŸ ื”ื•ืกื˜ืขืŸ ื›ืœื•ืžืจืฉื˜, ืฉื ื™ื™ืฆื˜-ืื•ื™ืก ื“ื™ ื ืึธื– ืื•ืŸ ืฐื™ืฉื˜ ื–ื™ืš 
ื“ื™ ืื•ื™ื’ืขืŸ. 

--- ื’ืขื‘ืืš ื ืจื—ืžื ื•ืช,.. -- ื”ืึธื˜ ื–ื™ืš ื ื™ื˜ ื•ื•ื™ืœืขื ื“ื™ื’ ืึทืจื•ื™ืก" 
ื’ืขื”ืึทืคึผื˜ ื‘ื™ื™'ื ื ื ื™ืจ. | 

-- ืึท ืฉืœื™ืื™ืžื–ืœ! -- ื”ืึธื˜ ืื™ื”ื ื‘ืขืจื“ืขืœ? ื“ืขืจ ืจื•ื™ื˜ืขืจ ืฆื•ื’ืข- 
ื’ืขื‘ืขืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ื ื”ืึทืœื‘ ืฉืžื™ื™ื›ืขืœืข, ืฐืึธืก ื”ืึธื˜ ื‘ืขื“ื™ื™ื˜ ืื™ ื—ื•ื•ืง ื’ื ืข" 
ืžืึทื›ื˜, ืื™ ืจื—ืžื ื•ืช ื’ืขื”ืึทื˜. --- ืขืจ, ืฐื•ื™ ืื™ื”ืจ ืงื•ืงื˜ ืื™ื”ื ืึธืŸ, ืื™ 
ืึท ืฉืœื™ื-ืžื–ืœ, ืื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ื‘ืจื•ื“ืขืจ ื–ื™ื™ื ืขืจ --- ืื™ืš ืงืขืŸ ืื™ื”ื -- ืื™ื– 
ื’ืœืึธื˜ ืึท ืฆืขืงื•ื•ืขื˜ืฉื˜ืขืจ; ืขืจ ื˜ื•ื™ื’ ืึทื–ืฑ ืคืึทืจ ื ืกืึธืœื“ืึทื˜, ืคึผื•ื ืงื˜ 
ืึทื–ืฑ ืฐื™ ืื™ืš... 

ืื•ืŸ ื‘ื›ื“ื™ ืžืข ื–ืึธืœ ื–ืขื”ืŸ, ืึทื– ืขืจ, ื‘ืขืจืขืœ ื“ืขืจ ืจื•ื™ื˜ืขืจ, ื˜ื•ื’ 
ื˜ืึทืงื™ ื ื™ื˜ ืคืึทืจ ืงึผื™ื™ืŸ ืคืึทืœื“ืื˜, ืฉื˜ืขืœื˜ ืขืจ ืึทืจืฑื™ืก ื“ืึธืก ืงืจื•ืžืข ืคื™ืกืขืœ 
ื–ื™ื™ื ืก. 


ืงืึทืคื™ื˜ืขืœ ื”. 
ื“ ืขื” ืขืก ืืค ื”ืึธื ื’ื ืขืจื™ื”ืจื˜. 


ื‘ื™ื– ื“ืขื ื“ืึธื–ื™ื ืขืŸ ื˜ืึธื’, ืฐืึธืก ืขืก ืงื•ืžื˜ ืคืึธืจ ืื•ื ื–ืขืจ ื’ืขืฉื™ื›ื˜ืข, 
ืื•ืŸ ื‘ื™ื– ื“ืขืจ ืœืขืฆื˜ืขืจ ืžื™ื ื•ื˜ ื”ืึธื˜ ื–ื™ืš ื“ืขื ื˜ืขืคึผืœื™ืงืขืจ ื ื’ื™ืจ ืฉืœื•ื- 
ื‘ืขืจ ื˜ืขืคึผืœื™ืงืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ื˜ืขืคืœื™ืง ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื’ืขื’ืœื•ื™ื‘ื˜, ืึทื– ืžืข ืฐื•ืขื˜ ืื™ื”ื 
ื ืขืžืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืฉื™ืงืขืŸ ืžื™ื˜'ืŸ ืขื˜ืึทืคึผ ืื™ืŸ ื”ื™ื™ืกื™ืŸ. ืขืจ ื”ืึธื˜ ื–ื™ืš ื“ื™ ื’ืื ืฆืข 
ืฆื™ื™ื˜ ื ืข'ื‘ืจื™ื”'ื˜, ื’ืขืฉืจื™ื‘ืขืŸ ืคึผืึทืคึผื™ืขืจืขืŸ, ื’ืขื–ื•ื›ื˜ ื–ื›ื•ืช-ืื‘ื•ืช. ื ืึธืจ 
ืคึผืœื™ืกืขืฆืงื™ ื”ืึธื˜ ื–ื™ืš ื ืขืœืขื ื˜ ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืœืขื ื’ ืื•ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ื‘ืจื™ื™ื˜, ืึทื– 
ืื•ื ื–ืขืจ ื˜ืขืคึผืœื™ืงืขืจ ื ื’ื™ืš ื–ืึธืœ ืžืึทื›ืขืŸ ืึท ืฉืคึผืืฆื™ืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ื˜ืขืคึผืœื™ืง ืงื™ื™ืŸ 
ื”ื™ื™ืกื™ืŸ ืžื™ื˜'ืŸ ืขื˜ืึทืคึผ, ืื•ืŸ ื“ื•ืงื ืฆื• ืคื•ืก, 

--- ื˜ึดื™ ืคึผืึดื™ื“ื™ืึถึฐืฉื ืื• ืžืขื ื™ื ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ ืจื’ืœื™ื ! -- ื”ืึธื˜ ืื™ื”ื 
ื—ืžืŸ ืื™ืฐืึทื ืึธื•ื™ื˜ืฉ ื’ืขื–ืึธื’ื˜ ื”ืึทืœื‘ ืืฑืฃ ื•ื•ืกื™ืฉ ืื•ืŸ ื”ืึทืœื‘ 
ืื•ื™ืฃ ืœืฉื•ืŸ-ืงื•ื“ืฉ, ื•ื™ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืฉื˜ื™ื™ื ืขืจ ืื™ืŸ. ืื•ืŸ ื•ื™ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืฆื• 


79 ืฉืœื•ื"ืขืœื•ื›ื 


ืœื—ื›ืขื™ืก, ืื™ื– ื“ืขืจ ื˜ืึธื’ ื’ืขืฐืขืŸ ื ืœื™ื›ื˜ื™ื ืขืจ, ืึท ืฐืืจืขืžืขืจ 
ื–ื•ืžืขืจ"ื˜ืึธื’. ื•ื™ ืึท ื—ืชืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ื—ื•ืคึผื” ืื™ื– ืึทืจืฑืกื’ืขื ืึทื ื’ืขืŸ ื“ืขืจ 
ืงื™ื™ืœืขื›ื™ื’ืขืจ ืคื™ื™ืขืจื™ื’ืขืจ ื–ื•ืŸ-ืงื•ื’ืข?, ืคืจื™ื™ืœื™ืš ื•ื™ ื ื’ื‘ื•ืจ, ืึธื ื’ืขื’ืจื™ื™ื˜ 
ืฆื• ืžืึทื›ืขืŸ ื“ื™ ื’ืจื•ื™ืกืข ื”ื™ืžืขืœื“ื™ื’ืข ืจื™ื™ื–ืข, ื‘ืขืœื™ื™ื›ื˜ืขืŸ ืืœืขืžืขืŸ ืžื™ื˜ 
ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืฉื™ื™ืŸ ืื•ืŸ ื‘ืขื’ื™ืกืขืŸ ืื™ื˜ืœื™ื›ืขืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืฐืึทืจืขืžืงืฒื™ื˜, ืงื™ื™ื ืขืจ 
ื•ื•ืขื ื–ื™ืš ื ื™ื˜ ืืฑืกื‘ืขื”ืึทืœื˜ืขืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ืฅ, ื‘ืฉืขืช ืขืจ ืฆืขื‘ืจืขื ื˜ โ€ 
ื–ื™ืš ื’ื•ื˜ ืื•ืŸ ื’ืœื™ื”ื˜ ืึถืŸ ื“ื™ ืขืจื“, ื•ื™ ืึท ืงืึทืœืš-ืื•ื™ื•ื•ืขืŸ. ืงืจืขืžืขืจ 
ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ ืื™ื‘ืขืจื’ืขืœืึธื–ื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืขืจืข ืงืจืึธืžืขืŸ, ื‘ืขืœื™-ืžืœืึธื›ื•ืช --- ื–ื™ื™ืขืจืข 
ืฐืึทืจืฉื˜ืึทื˜ืขืŸ, ืžืœืžื“ื™ื -- ื–ื™ื™ืขืจืข ื—ื“ืจื™ื, ืื•ืŸ ืžืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื’ืขื’ืื ื’ืขืŸ 
ืงื•ืงืขืŸ, ื•ื™ ืžืข ืคื™ื—ืจื˜ ื“ืขื ื ื’ื™ื“ ืžื™ื˜'ืŸ ืขื˜ืึทืคึผ. ืื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื˜ืขืคึผืœื™ืงืขืจ 
ืื™ื“ืขืŸ, ื‘ืขื˜ืจืึทื›ื˜ ื“ืขื ื ื’ื™ื“, ืฐื™ ืขืจ ืฉื˜ืขื—ื˜ ืžื™ื˜ ืึตื™ื™ืŸ ืึทืจืึธืคึผื ืข- 
ืœืึธื–ื˜ืขืŸ ืงืึธืคึผ, ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ ื’ืขื–ืึธื’ื˜ ืื™ื™ื ืก ื“ืึธืก ืึทื ื“ืขืจืข, ืื– ืžืข ื‘ืข- 
ื“ืึทืจืฃ ื–ื™ืš ื ืึธืจ ืึทืจืึธืคึผื ืขืžืขืŸ ืึท ืžื•ืกืจ ; ืื•ืŸ ืื™ื ื•ื•ืขื ื™ื’ ื‘ื™ื™ ื–ื™ืš ืื™ืŸ 
ื”ืืจืฆืขืŸ ื”ืึธื˜ ืžืขืŸ ื’ืขืงื•ื•ืขืœื˜, ื“ืขืจืœืขื‘ื˜ ืึท ื ืงืžื”. ืจื—ืžื ื•ืช ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ 
ื–ื™ื™ ื ืึธืจ ื’ืขื”ืึธื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื‘ืขืจืขืœ ื“ืขื ืจื•ื™ื˜ืขืŸ ื’ืขื‘ืึทืš ืื•ืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื”ืขื ื™ืš 
ื“ืขื ื‘ื—ื•ืจ,. ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขื ื ื’ื™ืš'ืก ื•ื•ืขื’ืขืŸ ื”ืึธื˜ ืžืขืŸ ืึทืจืฑืกื ื’ืขื˜ืจืึทื ืขืŸ 
ื’ืขืคืœืึทื›ื˜ืขื ืข ืงื•ื™ืœืขื˜ืฉืขืŸ, ื’ืขื‘ืจืึธื˜ืขื ืข ืงืื˜ืฉืงืขืก ืžื™ื˜ ื ืึธืš ืึธื - 
ื“ืขืจืข ืžื™ื ื™ื ืขืกืขื ืฐืึทืจื’ ืื™ืŸ ื•ื•ืขื’ ืึทืจื™ื™ืŸ, ืื•ืŸ ื‘ืขืจืข? ื“ืขื ืจื•ื™ื˜ืขืŸ 
ื—ืึธื˜ ื“ืึธืก ื•ื•ื™ื™ื‘ ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ ืงื™ื ื“ืขืจ ื’ืขื‘ืจืึทื›ื˜ ืฆื• ื˜ืจืึธื ืขืŸ ืึท ื‘ื•ืœืงืข, 
ืคื™ืฉ-ืงืึทืจื˜ืึธืคืœื™ืขืก ืžื™ื˜ ืึท ื–ืฉืžื•ื˜ ื™ื•ื ื’ืขืŸ ืงื ืึธื‘ืขืœ,. ื ืึธืจ ืื™ื™ืŸ ื”ืขื ื™ืฃ - 
ืื™ืŸ ื’ืขื‘ืœื™ื‘ืขืŸ ืึถื”ืŸ ื ืฉื•ื ืฉืคึผื™ื™ื– ืื™ืŸ ืฐื•ืขื’ ืืจื™ื™ืŸ; ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ ื–ื™ืš 
ืึทืจื•ืžื’ืขืงื•ืงื˜ ื•ื•ื™ืœื“-ืคืจืขืžืจืข, ื–ื™ืš ืฆื•ื ื•ื™ืคื’ืขืœืขื ื˜ ืคืึทืจ ืจื—ืžื ื•ืช ืื•ืŸ 
ื’ืขืกื•ื™ืคื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ื ืขื˜ื•ื•ืขื ืขืŸ ืึท ื‘ืจื•ื™ื˜, ืึท ืคึผืึธืจ ืคื™ืฉืœืขืš ืžื™ื˜ ืฆื™ื‘ืข- 
ืœืขืก ืื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืึทืœืข ืžืื›ืœื™ื ื”ืึธื˜ ืžืขืŸ ืื™ื‘ืขื”ื’ืขื’ืขื‘ืขืŸ ื“ืขื ืขื˜ืึธืก 
ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื™ ื”ืขื ื“, .{ ื“ืขืจ ืขื˜ืึทืคึผ ื”ืึธื˜ ื“ืึธืก ืึทืœืกื“ื™ื ื’ ืฆื•ื’ืขื ื•ืžืขืŸ ื ืึธืจ 
ืคืจื™ื™ื ื“ืœื™ืš, ืฆื•ื’ืขื–ืึธื ื˜, ืึทื– ืก'ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื’ืื ืฅ, ืก'ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื ื™ื˜ ื’ืขืžื™ื ืขืจื˜ 
ื•ื•ืขืจืขืŸ ื“ืขืจืคื•ืŸ ื ื”ืึธืจ ืืคื™ืœืŸ, ืื•ืŸ ื”ืžืŸ ืื™ืฐืึทื ืึธืฐื™ื˜ืฉ ื”ืึธื˜ ื–ื™ืš 
ื‘ืขื•ื•ื™ื–ืขืŸ ื‘ื™ื™ ื–ื™ืš ืื•ื™ื'ืŸ ื’ืึทื ื™ืง ืื•ืŸ ื ื–ืึธื’ ื’ืขื˜ื”ืึธืŸ ืฆื•ื ืขื˜ืึทืค, 
ืขืจ ื–ืึธืœ ืจื™ื”ืจืขืŸ, ืื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืขื˜ืึทืคึผ ื”ืึธื˜ ื’ืขืจื™ื”ืจื˜, ืื•ืŸ ื ืึธืš ืื™ื”ื 
ื’ืึทื ืฅ ื˜ืขืคึผืœื™ืก, 


ืคื™ื˜'ืŸ ืขืžืึธืคึผ 18 


ื“ืขืจ ืขื˜ืึทืคึผ ืื™ื– ื‘ืขืฉื˜ืึทื ืฒืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ืื™ื™ืŸ ืคืึทื•ื•ืจืข ื“ืขื ืกืึธื˜ืกืงื™, 
ืฉ ื”ืึทืจื™ื’ืขืจ ื ืคืฉ ืžื™ื˜ ื ื”ืึธืจื™ื ืขืจ ืกื•ื•ื™ื˜ืงืข, ืžื™ื˜ ื ื”ื•ื™ืš ื”ืึธืจื™ื’ 
ื”ื™ื˜ืขืœ ื ืžื™ื˜ ืึท ื’ืจื•ื™ื˜ืขืŸ ืกื•ืงืขื•ื•ืึทื˜ืขืŸ ืฉื˜ืขืงืขืŸ, ืคื•ืŸ ืื•ื™ื‘ืขืŸ ืžื™ื˜ 
8 ื’ืจื•ื™ืกืขืจ ื—ื™ืœืฆืขืจื ืขืจ ื’ืึทืœืงืข ืื•ืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ืื•ื ื˜ืขืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ื ืฉืึทืจืฃ ืฉื˜ื™ื˜ 
ืื™ื™ื•ืขืŸ ืฐื™ ืึท ืฉืคึดื™ืŸ. ื“ื™ ื’ืขื‘ืจืึธื˜ืขื ืข ืงืึทื˜ืฉืงืขืก ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ ื’ืขื–ืึทืœ- 
ืฆืขื ืข ืฉืœืขืš ื”ืึธื˜ ืขืจ ืคืขืจื ื•ืžืขืŸ ืื•ื ื˜ืขืจ ืื™ื™ืŸ ืึธืจืขื˜, ื“ื™ ื‘ื•ืœืกืขืก 
ืžื™ื˜'ืŸ ืงื ืึธื‘ืขืœ? ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ ืฉืึธืจ ื™ืจืงื•ืช --- ืื•ื ื˜ืขืจ'ืŸ ืื ื“ืขืจืขืŸ ืึธืจืขื, 
ื“ืขื ืจืึทืคึผืึธืจื˜ ื”ืึธื˜ ืขืจ ืคืขืจืฉื˜ืขืงื˜ ืคืึธืจืขื ื˜ ืื™ืŸ ื‘ื•ื–ืขื, ืื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจ 
ืขื•ืœื ื”ืึธื˜ ื–ื™ืš ื’ืขืœืึธื–ื˜ ืื™ืŸ ื•ื•ืขื’ ืืจื™ื™ืŸ ื ื™ืš, ื ืกืš ื ื™ื›ืขืจ, ื•ื™ ืžืข 
ืงืึธืŸ ื–ื™ืš ืคืึธืจืฉื˜ืขืœืขืŸ, ื“ื™ ื’ื™ื›ืงื™ื™ื˜ ื”ืึธื˜ ื–ื™ืš ื’ืขื ื•ืžืขืŸ ื“ืขืจืคื•ืŸ, ืฐืึธืก 
ืื•ื ื–ืขืจืข ืึทืจืขืกื˜ืึทื ื˜ืขืŸ ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ ื’ืขืฐืึธืœื˜ ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ืคึผื˜ื•ืจ ื•ื•ืขืจืขืŸ, ืืจื•ื™ืก 
ื’ื™ื›ืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืฉื˜ืึธื“ื˜, ื’ืขื‘ืขื˜ืขืŸ ืœืื•ื•ืจืขืŸ ื“ืขื ืกืึธื˜ืกืงื™, ืขืจ ื–ืึธืœ 
ืฆืขื˜ืจื™ื™ื‘ืขืŸ ื“ืึธืก ืงืœื™ื™ื ืฐืึทืจื’, ืฐืึธืก ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ ื–ื™ืš ื ื™ื˜ ื’ืขืคื•ื™ืœื˜ ืึทืจื•ื™ืก- 
ื‘ืขื ืœื™ื™ื˜ืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ ื”ืขื˜ื•ื•ื™ื™ื˜, ืึทื•ืฉื ืื•ื™ื” ื™ืขื ืขืจ ื–ื™ื™ื˜ ืžื™ื”ืœืขืŸ ; ื”ืึธื˜ 
ืœืึทื•ื•ืจืข ืื•ื™ืคื’ืขื”ื•ื™ื‘ืขืŸ ื“ืขื ืœืึทื ื’ืขืŸ ืฉื˜ืขืงืขืŸ ืžื™ื˜'ืŸ ืึทื™ื™ื–ืขืจื’ืขื ืฉืคึผื™ืฅ, 
ืื•ืŸ ื—ื‘ืจื” ืงื•ื ื“ื™ื™ืกื™ื ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื–ื™ืš ืฆืขืœืึธืคืขืŸ, ื•ื™ ื“ื™ ืื™ื‘ืขืจื’ืขืฉืจื- 
ืงืขื ืข ืคื•ื™ื ืœืขืš, ืื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืึทืจืขืกื˜ืึทื ื˜ืขืŸ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื’ืขื‘ืœื™ื‘ืขืŸ ืึทืœืฒื™ืŸ ืื•ื™ืืฅ 
ืคืจื™ื™ืขืŸ ืคืขืœืจ, ืื•ื™ืคื’ืขื”ืขืจื˜ ืœื•ื™ืคืขืŸ ืžื™ื ืึทื–ืึท ืื™ืžืคึผืขื˜, ืึธื ื’ืขื”ื•ื™ื‘ืขืŸ 
ืžืึทื›ืขืŸ ืึทื‘ื™ืกืขืœ ืงืœืขื ืขืจืข ื˜ืจื™ื˜ ืื•ืŸ ื ืฉืžื•ืขืก ื’ืขื˜ื”ืึธืŸ ืžื™ื˜'ืŸ ืขื˜ืึทืž 
ืžื›ื•ื— ืฆื•ื–ืขืฆืขืŸ ื–ื™ืš ืึท ื‘ื™ืกืขืœ ืื•ื™ื'ืฅ ื’ืจื™ื ืขื ื’ืจืึธื– ืื•ืŸ ื ื‘ื™ืกืขืœ ืื™ื‘ืขืจ- 
ื—ืึทืคึผืขืŸ ื“ืขื ืึทื˜ื”ืขื, 

ื“ืขืจ ืขื˜ืึทืคึผ, ื“ืึธืก ื—ื™ื™ืกื˜ ืคืึทื•ื•ืจืข ื“ืขืจ ืกืึธื˜ืกืงื™, ืื™ืŸ ื’ืึธืจื ื™ื˜ 
ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ืื–ื ืฉืœืขื›ื˜ืขืจ ืžืขื ืฉ. ืžืข ื”ืึธื˜ ื“ืึธืก ื‘ื™ื™ ืื™ื”ื ื“ื•ืงื 
ื ื™ืš ื’ืข'ืคึผื•ืขืœ'ื˜, ื•ื‘ืคืจื˜, ืึทื– ืขืจ ื”ืึธื˜ ืึทืœื™ื™ืŸ ืื•ื™ืš ื’ืขืฐืึธืœื˜ ืึท ื‘ื™ืกืขืค 
ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ืึธืคึผืจื•ื”ืขืŸ ื–ื™ืš ืื•ืŸ ื”ืึธื˜ ืฉื˜ืึทืจืง ื—ืฉืง ื’ืขื”ืึทึธื˜ ืื™ื‘ืขืจื—ืึทืคึผืขืŸ, 
ืคืขืจื–ื•ื›ืขืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื™ืขื ืข ื’ืขื‘ืจืึทื˜ืขื ืข ืงืึทื˜ืฉืงืขืก, ืฐืึธืก ื“ืขื“ ืจื™ื— ื”ืึธื˜ 
ืื™ื”ื ืึท ื’ืึทื ืฆืขืŸ ื•ืฐืขื’ ื’ืขืงื™ืฆืขืœื˜ ืื™ืŸ ื ืึธื–,. ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืื™ื“ื™ืฉืข ืงื•ื™ืœืข- 
ื˜ืฉืขืŸ ื”ืึธื˜ ืขืจ ืฉื•ึนื™ืŸ ืืคื™ืœื• ื’ืขืคึผืจื•ื‘ื˜ ืึธืคึผื‘ืจืขื›ืขืŸ ืึท ืคึทึผืึทืจ ืฉื˜ื™ืงืœืขืš 
ืื•ืŸ ื”ืึธื˜ ื’ืขืคื•ื ืขืŸ, ืื– ื–ื™ื™ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื’ืึทื ืฅ ื’ื•ื ืื•ื™ืค'ืŸ ื˜ืขื; ืื•ื™ืš 
ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืคื™ืฉืœืขืš ื”ืึธื˜ ืขืจ ืคืขืจื–ื•ื›ื˜, ืฐืึธืก ืื™ื ืื™ื™ื ืขื ืžื™ื˜'ืŸ ืงื ืึธื‘ืขืคึฟ 


8 ืฉืœื•ื"ืขืœื™ื›ื) 


ืื™ื– ื“ืึธืก ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ื ืึธืจ ื ื™ืฉืงืฉื”'ื“ื™ื’. ืื•ืŸ ืžื—ืžืช ื“ื™ ืึทืจืขืกื˜ืึทื ื˜ืขืŸ 
ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื’ืขื’ืึทื ื’ืขืŸ ืคืจื™ื”ืขืจ ืื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืขื˜ืึทืคึผ ืคื•ืŸ ื—ื™ื ื˜ืขืŸ, ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ ื“ื™ 
ืึทืจืขืกื˜ืึทื ื˜ืขืŸ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื‘ืขืžืขืจืงื˜, ืึทื– ื“ืขืจ ืขื˜ืึทืคึผ ืงื™ื™ืขื˜, ืื•ืŸ ืึทื– ื–ื™ื™ 
ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ ื–ื™ืš ืึทืจื•ืžื’ืขืงื•ืงื˜, ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ ืฆื•ื•ื™ืฉืขืŸ ื–ื™ืš ืื™ื‘ืขืจื’ืขืฉืžื•ืขืกื˜ 
ื–ื™ืš ืื•ื™ืฃ ืื™ื“ื™ืฉ. 

--- ื“ืขืจ ืขืจืœ ืื‘ืœ'ื˜ ื’ืึทื ืฅ ื’ืขืฉืžืึทืง. --- ื–ืึธื’ื˜ ื“ืขืจ ื ื’ื™ื“ ืื•ืŸ 
ืกื•ืงื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืคืึทืฐื•ืจืขืŸ, ืฐื™ ืขืจ ืงื ื™ื™ืคึผื˜ ื“ืขื ืงื•ื™ืœืขื˜ืฉ ืื•ืŸ ืจื•ืงื˜ ืื™ืŸ 
ืคึทึผื ื™ื, 

--- ื–ืึธื’ื˜ ื—ืึธื˜ืฉ ,ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืขื™ื–ื“ื”ืจืข ื ื™ื˜". -- ืžืึทื›ื˜ ื‘ืขืจืขืœ ื“ืขืจ 
ืจื•ื™ื˜ืขืจ ืคืจื™ื™ืœื™ืš, ืฐื•ื™ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืฉื˜ื™ื™ื’ืขืจ ืื™ื–. --- ืื™ืš ืงืึธืŸ ืึทื™ื™ืš ืฉื•ื•ืขื”- 
ืจืขืŸ ื‘ื ืืžื ื•ืช, ืึทื– ืื™ืš ื”ืึธื‘, ืื•ื™ืฃ ืื™ื”ื ืงื•ืงืขื ื“ื™ื’, ื‘ืึทืงื•ืžืขืŸ ืึทืคึผืขืฒ 
ื˜ื™ื˜ ืฆื•ื ืขืกืขืŸ. ืฐืึธืก ื–ืึธื ืกื˜ ื“ื•, ื”ืขื ื™ืš 4 ืกืข ื—ืœืฉ'ื˜ ื“ื™ืจ ื ืืš 
ื ื™ื˜ ืื•ื ื˜ืขืจ'ืŸ ื˜ืœื™ืช-ืงื˜ืŸ ? | 

ื”ืขื ื™ืš ื“ืขืจ ื‘ื—ื•ืจ ื”ืึธื˜ ืึท ื’ืขืฉืžืึทืงืขืŸ ืฉืœื•ื ื’ ื’ืขื˜ื”ืึธืŸ ื“ื™ ืฉืœื™ื™ื, 
ื•ื™ ืึทื™ื™ืŸ ืึธื›ืก ื‘ืฉืขืช ืขืจ ืื™ื– ืžืขืœื” ื’ืจื”, ืื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจื‘ื™ื™ ืึท ื–ืึธื’ ื’ืข" 
ื’ืขื‘ืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืื™ื‘ืขืจื ืขืงืขื”ืจื˜ืขืจ ืฉืคึผืจืึทืš : 

--- ื–ืึธื’ืขืŸ ืฉื˜ืึทืจืง ืงืึธืŸ ืื™ืš ื ื™ื˜, ืึทื– ืื™ืš ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื•ื ื’ืขืจื™ื’, ื ืึธืจ 
ืื™ืŸ ืžื•ื™ืœ, ืžื”ื›ืชื™ืชื™, ืขืคึผื™ืก ื ืขื ื•ืžืขืŸ ืฐืึธืœื˜ ืื™ืš, ืก'ื–ืึธืœ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืฐืึธืก. 

--- ื‘ื™ื™ ืžื™ืจ ืื™ื– ืคืึทืจื”ืึทืŸ ืึทืœืกื“ื™ื ื’. --- ืจื•ืคื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืึทืŸ ื“ืขืจ 
ื ื’ื™ื“ ืื•ืŸ ื—ืึทืคึผื˜ ืึท ืงื•ืง ืื•ื™ื'ืŸ ืขื˜ืึทืคึผ. 

--- ื‘ื™ื™ ืžื™ืจ, ืึถื”ึตืŸ ืึทื‘ื™ืกืข? ื‘ืจืึธื ืคืขืŸ, ื—ื™ื™ืกื˜ ื ืึธืš ื ื™ื˜ ืึทืœืกืฒ 
ื“ื™ื ื’, --- ืžืึทื›ื˜ ื‘ืขืจืขืœ ื“ืขืจ ืจื•ื™ื˜ืขืจ ืื•ืŸ ื—ื–ืจ'ื˜ ื“ืึธืก ืื™ื‘ืขืจ ืžื™ื˜ 
ืึท ื›ื™ื•ืŸ ื ืึธืš ืึท ืžืึธืœ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืจื•ืกื™ืฉ, ื‘ื›ื“ื™ ื“ืขืจ ืขืจืœ ื–ืึธืœ ืคืขืจืฉื˜ืขื”ืŸ 
ืคื•ืŸ ืฐืึธืก ืžืข ืจืขื“ื˜. 

--- ื˜ืฉื™ ืคึผืจืึทืฐื•ื“ื, ืœืึทืฐื•ืจืข, ืฉืึธ ื‘ืขื– ื”ื•ืจื™ืœืงื™ ืฉืึธ ื‘ืขื– ืฐื•ืฒ 
ื‘ืึธื•ื• 4* --- ื˜ื—ื•ื˜ ื‘ืขืจืขืœ ื“ืขืจ ืจื•ื™ื˜ืขืจ ืึท ืžืึทืš ืฆื•ื ืขื˜ืึทืคึฟ. 

--- ืื•ื•ื–ืฉืขื–ืฉ ! ** -- ืขื ื˜ืคืขืจื˜ ืื™ื”ื ื“ืขืจ ืขื˜ืึทืคึผ ื’ืึทื ืฅ 
ืขืจื ืกื˜. 


+ ืก'ืื™ื– ืืžืช, ืœืึทื•ื•ืจืข, ืึทื– ืึธื”ืŸ ื‘ืจืึธื ืคืขืŸ ืื™ื– ืฐื•ึผ ืึธื”ืŸ ืฆื™ื™ื—ืŸ? 
6 ืื•ื“ืื•! 


ืคึผื™ื˜'ืŸ ืขืžืึธื 55 


ืื•ืŸ ืžืข ื”ืึธื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืึทื–ืฑ ืœืึทื ื’ ืื™ื‘ืขืจื’ืขืฐืืจืคืขืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ื•ื•ืขืจื˜ืขืจ, 
ื‘ื™ื– ืก'ืื™ื– ื’ืขื‘ืœื™ื‘ืขืŸ ื‘ื™ื™'ื ืขื•ืœื : ืึทื–ืฑ ื•ื™ ืก'ืื™ื– ื ื™ื˜ ื•ื•ื™ื™ื˜ ืคื•ืŸ 
ื“ืึทื ืขืŸ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ื’ืจืึทื ืึธื•ื•, ืกืš-ื”ื›? ืึท ืคึนึผืึธืจ ืฐื•ืขืจืกื˜, ื–ืึธืœ ืื™ื™ื ืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ 
ืึทืจืขืกื˜ืึทื ื˜ืขืŸ, ื”ืขื ื™ืš ื“ืขืจ ื‘ื—ื•ืจ ื’ืขื•ื•ื™ื™ื ื˜ืœื™ืš, ืขืจ ืื™ืŸ ื™ื•ื ื’ืขืจ, ื 
ืฉืคึผืจื•ื ื’ ื˜ื”ื•ืŸ ืึทื—ื™ื ืฆื•ืฆื• ืื•ื™ืฃ ืื™ื™ืŸ ืคื•ืก ืื•ืŸ ื‘ืจืขื ื’ืขืŸ ืึท ืžืœืขืฉืขืค 
ื‘ืจืึธื ืคืขืŸ, ืื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืื™ื‘ืขืจื™ื ืข ืฆื•ื•ื™ื™ ืึทืจืขืกื˜ืึทื ื˜ืขืŸ, ืฉืœื•ื-ื‘ืขืจ ื˜ืขื- 
ืœื™ืงืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ื˜ืขืคึผืœื™ืง ืื•ืŸ ื‘ืขืจืข? ื“ืขืจ ืจื•ื™ื˜ืขืจ, ื ืขืžืขืŸ ืื™ื”ื ืื•ื™ืฃ 
ื–ื™ืš, ืื•ื™ืฃ ื–ื™ื™ืขืจ ืขืจื‘ื•ืช, ืึทื– ืขืจ ืฐื•ืขื˜ ื ื™ื˜ ืื ื˜ืœื™ืคืขืŸ. ืื•ืŸ ืžืข 
ื”ืึธื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืฆื•ื ืขื–ืขืฆื˜ ืื•ื™ื'ืŸ ื’ืจืึธื– ืื™ืŸ ืžื™ื˜ืขืŸ ืคืขืœื“, ืื•ื™ืฃ ืึท ื‘ืขืจื ืขืค 
ืื•ื ื˜ืขืจ ืึท ื‘ื•ื™ื, ื‘ื™ื™ื“ืข ืึทืจืขืกื˜ืึทื ื˜ืขืŸ ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ ื–ื™ืš ืืจืฒื™ื™ื ื’ืขืœืึธื–ื˜ 
ืื™ืŸ ืึท ืฉืžื•ืขืก, ืื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืขื˜ืึทืคึผ ื”ืึธื˜ ื–ื™ืš ื‘ืขื–ืขืฆื˜ ื ืขื‘ืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ ืื•ืŸ 
ื’ืขืงื•ืงื˜ ืึทื—ื™ืŸ, ืื•ื™ืค'ืŸ ื•ื•ืขื’ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ื ืจืึทื ืึธื•. 


ืงื˜ืคึผื™ื˜ืข? (. 


ืขื“ ื“ืขืจืžืึทื ื˜ ืื™ื”ื ืืœื˜ืข ื—ื˜ืื™ื˜. 


ื•ื•ืขืŸ ืื™ืš ื–ืึธืœ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืึท ืžืึทื”ืœืขืจ ืึธื“ืขืจ ื—ืึธื˜ืฉ ืึท ืคืึธื˜ืึธื’ืจืึทืฃ, 
ืฐืึธืœื˜ ืื™ืš ืึทืจืึธืคึผื’ืขื—ืึทืคึผื˜ ื“ื™ ื“ืึธื–ื™ื ืข ื’ืจื•ืคืข, ื“ื™ ื“ืจื™ื™ ื ืคืฉื•ืช, ืฐืึธืก 
ื–ื™ืฆืขืŸ ื–ื™ืŸ' ืึทื–ืฑ ืฉืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืžื™ื˜ืขืŸ ืคืขืœื“, ืื•ื™ืค'ืŸ ื‘ืขืจื ืขืœ, ืื•ื ื˜ืขืจ ื 
ื‘ืืจืขื ื‘ื•ื™ื ืžื™ื˜ ืงืœื™ื™ื ืข ื’ืจื™ื ืข ื‘ืœืขื˜ืœืขืš, ืึท ื‘ื•ื™ื, ืฐืึธืก ืกืข ืฐืึทื›- 
ืกืขืŸ ืื•ื™ื” ืื™ื”ื ืคืขืœื“-ื‘ืึทืจืœืขืš, ื™ืขื ืข ืžื™ื ื™ื ื‘ืึทืจืœืขืš, ืฐืึธืก ื–ืขื ืขืŸ 
ื”ืึทืจื˜ืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ืฉื˜ื™ื™ื ื“ืœืขืš, ืื•ืŸ ืฐืึธืก ืžืข ืงืึธืŸ ื–ื™ื™ ื ื™ื˜ ื ืขืžืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ 
ืžื•ื™? ืืจื™ื™ืŸ, ืื•ืŸ ืฐืึธืก ืžืข ื•ื•ื™ื™ืกื˜ ื ื™ื˜, ืื•ื™ืฃ ืฐืึธืก ื”ืึธื˜ ื–ื™ื™ ื’ืึธื˜ 
ื‘ืขืฉืึทืคืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ืขืจ ื•ื•ืขืœื˜,.. ืฆื•ื•ื™ืฉืขืŸ ืœืึทื•ื•ืจืข ื“ืขื ืกืึธื˜ื˜ืงื™ ืžื™ื˜ 
ื“ืขื ื”ื•ื™ื›ืขืŸ ื”ืึธืจื™ื’ืขืŸ ื—ื™ื˜ืขืœ ืคื•ืŸ ืื™ื™ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ื˜ ืื•ืŸ ื‘ืขืจืข? ื“ืขื ืจื•ื™ื˜ืขืŸ 
ืžื™ื˜'ืŸ ืงืจื•ืžืขืŸ ืคื•ืก ืื•ืŸ ืžื™ื˜'ืŸ ืจื•ื™ื˜ืขืŸ ืจื™ื—ืจืขื•ื•ืจื™ื’ืขืŸ ืคึผื ื™ื ืžื™ื˜ 
ืฐื™ื™ืžืคึผืขืจืœืขืš ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืึทื ื“ืขืจืขืจ ื–ื™ื™ื˜, ื”ืึธื˜ ืื•ื ื–ืขืจ ื˜ืขืคึผืœื™ืงืขืšืฃ 
ื ื’ื™ื“ ืฉืœื•ื-ื‘ืขืจ ื˜ืขืคึผืœื™ืงืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ื˜ืขืคึผืœื™ืง ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ ืงืœื™ื™ื ืข ืื•ื™ื’ืขืœืขืฃ 


76 ืฉืœื•ื-ืขืœื™ื›ื 


ืื•ืŸ ืžื™ื˜'ืŸ ืฉื™ื˜ืขืจืขืŸ ื‘ืขืจื“ืขืœ, ืžื™ื˜ ื“ืขืจ ื ื™ื™ืขืจ ืฉืฐืึทืจืฆืขืจ ื’ืขื•ื•ืขื - 
ื˜ืขื ืขืจ ืงืึทืคึผืึธื˜ืข ืื•ืŸ ืžื™ื˜'ืŸ ืฉื‘ืช'ื“ื™ื’ืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืจืขื ืขื ืงืึทืฉืงืขื˜ ืื•ื™ื'ืŸ 
ืงืึธืคึผ, ืื•ื™ืกื’ืขื–ืขื”ืขืŸ ื•ื™ ืึท ืžื—ื•ืชืŸ ืฆื•ื•ื™ืฉืขืŸ ื‘ืขืœื™-ื‘ืชื™ื, ืึธื“ืขืจ ื•ื™ 
ื ื’ืขื”ื•ื™ื‘ืขื ืขืจ ืคึผืึทืจืฉืฑืŸ ืฆื•ื•ื™ืฉืขืŸ ืคึผืจืึธืกื˜ืข ืžืขื ืฉืขืŸ, ืฐืึธืก ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ 
ื“ื™ ืขื”ืจืข ืฆื• ื–ื™ืฆืขืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ืื™ื”ื ืื™ื ืื™ื™ื ืขื. ืึทื–ื˜ ืžืขื ืฉ ื•ื™ื™ืกื˜ 
ืฉื•ื™ืŸ, ืฐื™ ืึทื–ืฑ ื–ื™ืš ืฆื• ื”ืึทืœื˜ืขืŸ, ื“ืึธืก ื”ื™ื™ืกื˜, ื”ืึทืœื˜ืขืŸ ื”ืึทืœื˜ ืขืจ ื–ื™ืš 
ื›ืœื•ืžืจืฉื˜ ืคึผืจืึธืกื˜, ื‘ืœื•ืžืจืฉื˜ ื’ืœื™ื™ืš ืžื™ื˜ ืึทืœืขืžืขืŸ, ื ืึธืจ ืคืึธืจื˜ ื ื™ืฉื˜ 
ื“ืึธืก, ืฐืึธืก ืึทืœืข. ืคื•ืŸ ืฐืึธืก ืขืจ ื•ื•ื™ืœ, ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขื ืจืขื“ื˜ ืžืขืŸ, ืฐืึธืก ืขืจ 
ื–ืึธื’ื, ื‘ืขื“ืึทืจืฃ ืžืขืŸ ื”ืขืจืขืŸ, ืื•ืŸ ืึทื– ื™ืขื ืขืจ ืจืขื“ื˜, ืžืขื’ ืขืจ ืื™ื‘ืขืจ- 
ืฉืœืึธื’ืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืžื™ื˜ืขืŸ. ื™ื™ 

--- ืฐืึธืก ื–ืึธื’ื˜ ืื™ื”ืจ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ืขืจ ื”ื™ืฅ? -- ื”ืึธื˜ ืขืจ ื ืึธื’ 
ื’ืขื˜ื”ืึธืŸ ืฆื• ื‘ืขืจืขืœ ื“ืขื ืจื•ื™ื˜ืขืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ืึท ื–ื™ืคืฅ ืื•ืŸ ืึท ืงื•ืง ื’ืขื˜ื”ืึธืŸ 
ืึทืจื•ื ืื•ึนืŸ ืึทืจื•ื, ืคืขืจืงืื˜ืฉืขื˜ ื“ื™ ืึทืจื‘ืขืœ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืขืœืขื ื‘ื•ื™ื ืขื ืก 
ืื•ืŸ ื–ื™ืš ื’ืขืคืึทื›ื˜ ืžื™ื˜'ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ื“ืขื ืขื ืงืึทืฉืงืขื˜ืข? ืื™ื‘ืขืจ'ืŸ ืงืึธืคึผ. 

--- ื™ึนืึธ, ืก'ืื™ื– ื ื™ื˜ ืงืึทืœื˜. -- ื”ืึธื˜ ืื™ื”ื ื‘ืขืจืขืœ ื’ืขืขื ื˜ืคืขืจื˜ 
ืื•ืŸ ืื•ื™ืš ื ืงื•ืง ื ืขื˜ื”ืึธืŸ ืึทื”ื™ืŸ, ื•ื•ืื• ื“ืขืจ ื ื ื™ื“ ืงื•ืงื˜. 

-- ืก'ื–ืึธืœ ื—ืึธื˜ืฉ ื ื™ื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืจืขื’ืขืŸ. --- ื˜ื”ื•ื˜ ื–ื™ืš ื“ืขืจ 
ื ื’ื™ื“ ื•ื•ื™ื™ื˜ืขืจ ืึท ื–ืึธื’ ืื•ืŸ ืึท ืงื•ืง ืึทืจื•ื™ืฃ ืื•ื™ืค'ืŸ ื”ื™ืžืขืœ, 

--- ื™ืึธ, ืขืก ืคึผืึทืกื˜ ืื•ื ื– ื˜ืึทืงื™ ืฆื• ื“ื™ ื–ื™ื™ื“ืขื ืข ืงืœื™ื™ื“ืขืจ! -- 
ื’ื™ื˜ ืื™ื”ื ื ืึธืš ื‘ืขืจืขืœ ืื•ืŸ ืงื•ืงื˜ ืึทื—ื™ืŸ, ื•ื•ืื• ื“ืขืจ ื ื ื™ื“ ืงื•ืงื˜. 

-- ื’ื™ื˜ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืฉืœืขื›ื˜ืขืจ ืขืจ? ืื•ื ื–ืขืจ ืฉื•ืžืจ. -- ื–ืึธื ื˜ ื–ื™ืš 
ื•ื•ื™ื™ื˜ืขืจ ื“ืขืจ ื ื’ื™ื“ ืื•ืŸ ืงื•ืงื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืึท ืœืึทื ื’ืขืŸ ืฐืึธื’ืขืŸ ืึท ืœืขื“ื™ื’ืขืŸ, ืฐืึธืก 
ืคืึทื”ืจื˜-ื“ื•ืจืš ืคืืจื‘ื™ื™ ืžื™ื˜ ืึท ืคึผืึถืจ ื’ืจื•ื™ืกืข ืึธื›ืกืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ ื ืงืœื™ื™ืŸ 
ืฉื™ื™ื ื’ืขืฆืขืœ ื–ื™ืฆื˜ ืื•ื™ืค'ืŸ ืฐืึธื’ืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ ื“ืจืขื”ื˜ ืžื™ื˜ ื“ืขืจ ื‘ื™ื™ื˜ืฉ. 

--- ืื•ื ื–ืขืจ ืฉื•ืžืจ ? -- ืžืึทื›ื˜ ื‘ืขืจืข? ืื•ืŸ ืงื•ืงื˜ ืื”ื™ืŸ, ื•ื•ืื• 
ื“ืขืจ ื ื’ื™ื“ ืงื•ืงื˜. -- ืขืก ืžืขื ืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืคืึทืจ ืื™ื”ื ื“ื™ ื›ืคืจื” ื“ืจื™ื™ 
ืื™ื“ืขืŸ ืึทื–ืขืœื›ืข, ืฐืึธืก ื’ืขื”ืขืŸ ืžืกืจ'ืขืŸ ืึตื™ื™ืŸ ืึธืจืขืžืึทืŸ, ืึทืŸ ืขืจ ืžืึทื›ื˜ 
ืขื˜ืœื™ื›ืข ืคืœืขืฉืœืขืš ื•ื•ื™ื™ืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ืจืึธื–ื™ื ืงืขืก ืื•ืŸ ืฆืขื˜ืจืึธื’ื˜ ื–ื™ื™ ืฆื•ื•ื™ืฉืขืŸ 
ื‘ืึทืงืึทื ื˜ืข ืื•ื™ืฃ ืกืงื™ื“ื•ืฉ ืื•ืŸ ืœืขื‘ื˜ ื“ืขืจืคื•ืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ื•ื™ื™ื‘ ืื•ืŸ ืงื™ื ื“ืขืจ 
ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ื›ืžื” ื•ื›ืžื” ื™ืึธื”ืจืขืŸ, 


ื‘ื•ื˜'ืŸ ืขืžืึธื 11 


--- ื•ื™ ืžื™ื™ื ื˜ ืื™ื” 4 -- ืฉืœืึทื ื˜ ืื™ื”ื ืื™ื‘ืขืจ ื“ืขืจ ื ื’ื™ื“ 
ืื™ืŸ ืžื™ื˜ืขืŸ ื“ื™ ืจืขื“ ืื•ืŸ ืงื•ืงื˜ ืื•ื™ืค'ืŸ ืฐืขื , ืฐืึธืก ื’ืขื”ื˜ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ื’ืจื- 
ื ืึธื•ืŸ, --- ื•ื™ ืžื™ื™ื ื˜ ืื™ื”ืจ? ืขืจ ืงืึธืŸ ื ื™ื˜ ืคืึทืจื‘ืœืึทื ื–ืขื˜ ืฐืขืจืขืŸ, 
ืžื™ื™ืŸ ืื™ืš ืžืึทื›ืขืŸ ืคึผืœื™ื˜ื”, ืึธื˜ ื“ืขืจ ื“ืึธื–ื™ื’ืขืจ ื‘ื—ื•ืจ, ื•ื™ ืึทื–ืฑ ืจื•ืคื˜ 
ืื™ื”ืจ ืื™ื”ื ? 

-- ืื˜ ื“ืขืจ ืฉืžื•ื ื“ืขืจ ื‘ื’ืขืฅ17 -- ืกืžืึทื›ื˜ ื‘ืขืจืขืœ ืื•ืŸ ืงื•ืงื˜ 
ืื•ื™ื'ืŸ ื•ื•ืขื’, ืฐืึธืก ื’ืขื”ื˜ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ื’ืจืึทื ืึธื•ื•. -- ืขืจ ื”ืึธื˜ ื“ืขืŸ ืขืคึผื™ืก ื—ื•ื˜ื 
ื‘ืขื’ืœ ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ, ื’ืขื˜ื”ืึธืŸ ืึท ืงืจื™ืžื™ื ื?, ืฐืึธืก ืขืจ ื–ืึธืœ ื“ืึทืจืคืขืŸ ืึดืžึน- 
ื˜ืจืขื˜ืขืŸ ? ืขืจ ืื™ื– ืื–ื ืคืืจื‘ืจืขื›ืขืจ, ืคึผื•ื ืงื˜ ืึทื–ืฑื™ ืฐื•ื™ ืื™ืš, ืœืžืฉืค. 

--- ืฐืึธืก ืงืึธืŸ ืฉื™ื™ืš, ืึทืฉื˜ื™ื™ื’ืขืจ, ืงื•ืžืขืŸ ื˜ืืจ ืื–ื ืžืขืฉื”? -- 
ื˜ื”ื•ื˜ ืื™ื”ื ื“ืขืจ ื’ื’ื™ื“ ืึท ื”ืึทืคึผ ืื•ืŸ ืงื•ืงื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื‘ืขืจืœืขืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ืื•ื™ื‘ืขืŸ 
ืึทืจืึธืคึผ ืžื™ื˜ ืื™ื™ืŸ ืื•ื™ื’; ื“ืึธืก ืึทื ื“ืขืจืข ื”ืึธื˜ ืขืจ ืฆื•ื ืขืกื˜ื›ื˜, ืงื™ื™ืขื˜ 
ื‘ืฉืขืช ืžืขืฉื— ื ื’ืจืขื–ืขืœ ืื•ื ื˜ืขืจ ื“ื™ ืฆื™ื™ื”ืŸ. 

-- ืคึฟืึทืจ ืฐื•ืึธืกืขืจ ืžืขืฉื”? ืคืึทืจ'ืŸ ืจืึธื–ื™ื ืงืขืก-ื•ื•ื™ื™ืŸ ? ืงื™ื™ืŸ 
,ืจืขืกื˜ืื ืกืงืข ืจืึธื˜ืข" ืคืึทืจ ื“ืขื ,ืงืจื™ืžื™ื ืึทืœ? ืึทื•ื“ืื™ ื ื™ื˜. ื ืึธืฃ 
ืื™ืš ื•ื•ื™ื™ืก, ืฐืึธืก ืžืข ืงืึธืŸ ืื•ื” ืžื™ืจ ืึทืจื•ื™ืคืœืขื ืขืŸ ืคื˜ืจ 8 ืฉื˜ืจืึธืฃ ? 
ืœืึธืŸ ืžืขืŸ ืžื™ืš ืฉื˜ืจืฉืคื™ืจืขืŸ --- ืฐืึธืก ื”ืขืจ ืื™ืš ื–ื™ื™ ? ืฐืึธืก ืฐืขื˜ 
ืžืขืŸ ื‘ื™ื™ ืžื™ืจ ื ืฉืžืขืŸ 3 ื“ืขื ื“ืœื•ืช ? ืกื™ื™ื“ืขืŸ ื–ื™ืฆืขืŸ ? ืžื™ืœื, ื•ื•ืขืœืขืŸ 
ืžื™ืจ ื–ื™ืฆืขืŸ ืึท ืคึฟืึธืจ ื˜ืขื . ืœืžืึทื™ ืื™ื”ืจ? ืื—ืจ ื–ืขื ื˜ ื“ืึธืš ืขืคึผื™ืก, 
ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืขื™ืŸ-ื”ืจืข, ื˜ ืื™ื“ ื ื ื’ื™ื“, ื›ืœืขื‘ืขืŸ ! ืื™ืš ืฐืข? ืื™ื™ืš ื–ืึธื’ืขืŸ ื“ืขื 
ืืžืช, ืจื‘ ืฉืœื•ื-ื‘ืขืจ, ื”ืึธื ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืคืึทืจืื™ื‘ืขืœ ื ื™ืฉื˜, ืื™ืš ืื•ื™ืฃ ืื™ื™ืขืจ 
ืึธืจื˜ ืฐืึธืœื˜ ื ื™ื˜ ื’ืขื–ืขืกืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ,ื—ื“ืจ" ืื™ื‘ืขืจ ืึทื–ืึท ื ืืจื™ืฉืงื™ื™ื˜, 
ืื™ื‘ืขืจ ืึท ืคึผืึธืžืขื ื™ืฆืข ื’ืึธืจ. ืขืจืฉื˜ืขื ืก, ืฐืึธืœื˜ ืื™ืš ื ื™ื˜ ื’ืขืคื™ื”ืจื˜ 
ืžื™ื˜ ืคึผืึทืœื™ืฆื™ืข ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืขืงืฉื ื•ืช, ืื•ืŸ ืฆื•ื•ื™ื™ื˜ืขื ืก, ื•ื•ืขืŸ ืื™ืš ื‘ื™ืŸ ืื™ืŸ 
ืื™ืขืจ ืฉื˜ืื ื“, ืฐืึธืœื˜ ืžืขืŸ ืžื™ืš ื ื™ื˜ ื ืขืคื™ื”ืจื˜ ืžื™ื˜'ืŸ ืขื˜ืึทืคึผ ืคืึทืจ 
ืื–ืึท ื–ืืš. ื˜ืขืคืœื™ืง ืึทืœื™ื™ืŸ ืฐืึธืœื˜ ื“ืึธืก ื’ืึธืจ ื ื™ื˜ ื‘ืึทื“ืึทืจืคื˜ ื“ืขืจ- 
ืœืึธื–ืขืŸ, ืึทื– ื“ืขืจ ื ื’ื™ื“ ืคื•ืŸ ืฉื˜ืึธื“ื˜ ื–ืึธืœ ื’ืขื”ืŸ ืžื™ื˜'ืŸ ืขื˜ืึทืคึผ, ืฐื™ ื 
ืคึผืจืึธืกื˜ืขืจ ืžืขื ื˜ืฉ, ื ืœื™ื™ืš ืžื™ื˜ ืึทืœืข ืงื‘ืฆื ื™ื.. 

ืื™ืŸ ืึตื™ื™ืŸ ืึทื ื“ืขืจ ืฆื™ื™ื˜ ืฐืึธืœื˜ ื‘ืขืจืข? ื“ืขืจ ืจื•ื™ื˜ืขืจ ืคืึทืจ ืื–ื 
ืฉืคึผื™ื˜ืš ื’ืขืงืึธื ื˜ ื”ืึทืคึผืขืŸ ืึท ืžื™ืื•ืกืขืŸ ืคึผืกืง ืคื•ื 'ื ื˜ืขืคึผืœื™ืงืขืจ ื ื ื™ืจ ; 


78 : ืฉืœื•ื-ืขืœื™ื›ื 


ืขืจ ืฐืึธืœื˜ ื ืขื•ื•ื™ื ;ื’ืขืขืคืขื ื˜ ื‘ื™ื™ ืื™ื”ื ืžื™ื˜'ืŸ ืงืึธืคึผ ื“ื™ ื˜ื”ื™ืจ" 
ืคืึทืจ ื˜ื–ืขืœื›ืข ื•ื•ืขืจื˜ืขืจ. ื ืึธืจ ืื™ืฆื˜, ื ืขื”ืขื ื“ื™ื’ ืžื™ื˜'ืŸ ืขื˜ืึทืคึผ ืงื™ื™ืŸ 
ื”ื™ื™ืกื™ืŸ, ื”ืึธื˜ ืฉืœื•ื-ื‘ืขืจ ืžืงื‘? ื‘ืื”ื‘ื—ื” ื ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื–ื™ืš ืึทืœืกื“ื™ื ื’. 
ืื™ืฆื˜ ื”ืึธื˜ ืžืขืŸ ืื™ื”ื ื’ืขืงืึทื ื˜ ื–ืึธื’ืขืŸ ืฐืึธืก ืžืข ื•ื™ืœ. ืื•ืŸ ื‘ืขืจืขืœ 
ื“ืขืจ ืจื•ื™ื˜ืขืจ ื”ืึธื˜ ื–ื™ืš ื’ืขืจืขื›ืขื ื˜ ืžื™ื˜ ืื™ื”ื, ืฐื™ ื•ื•ื™ื™ื˜ ืขืจ ื”ืึธื˜ 
ื ืึธืจ ื ื’ืขืงืึทื ื˜, ืื•ืŸ ื“ื•ืงื ื˜ื™ื˜ ื ื•ื˜ืข ืจืขื“ืขืœืขืš, ื“ื•ืงื ื ื™ื˜ ื’ืขืงืจื™ืขื’ื˜ 
ื–ื™ืš. ืขืจ ื”ืึธื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืฆื•ื’ืขืจื•ืงื˜ ืžื™ื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืงืจื•ืžืขืŸ ืคื•ืก ืฆื•ื ื ื’ื™ื“ ืึทื–ืฑ 
ื ืึธื”ืขื ื˜, ืึทื– ื“ืขืจ ื ื ื™ื“ ื”ืึธื˜ ื–ื™ืš ื’ืขืžื•ื–ื˜ ืึทื‘ื™ืกืขืœ ืึทืฐืขืงืจื•ืงืขืŸ ืคื•ืŸ 
ืื™ื—ื, ืื•ืŸ ื‘ืขืจืข? ื”ืึธื˜ ืึธื ื’ืขื”ื•ึนื™ื‘ืขืŸ ื‘ื–ื• ื”ืœืฉื•ืŸ : 

--- ืื™ื”ืจ ื•ื•ื™ื™ืกื˜, ืจื‘ ืฉืœื•ื-ื‘ืขืจ, ืคื•ึผืŸ ื•ื•ืขืŸ ืึธืŸ ืžื™ืจ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื–ื™ืš 
ืฉื•ื™ืŸ 4 ืžื™ืจ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื–ื™ืš ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ืึท ืฆื™ื™ื˜ ืžื™ื˜ ื™ืึธื”ืจืขืŸ! ืื™ืš ื’ืข" 
ื“ืขื ืง ืึทื™ื™ืš, ืึทื– ืื™ื”ืจ ื–ืขื ื˜ ื ืึธืš ื ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ืึธื˜ ืึทื–ืึท ื•ื•ืขื•ื•ืจื™ืงืขืœ (ื‘ืข- 
ืจืข? ื”ืึธื˜ ื‘ืขื•ื•ื™ื–ืขืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ื“ืขืจ ื”ืึทื ื“ ื”ืึทื“ื˜ ื‘ื™ื™ ื“ืขืจ ืขืจื“). ืื™ื”ืจ 
ื‘ืึทื“ืืจืคื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืžื™ื™ื ืข ื™ืึธื”ืจืขืŸ, ืืคืฉืจ ืขืœื˜ืขืจ ืžื™ื˜ ืึท ื™ึนืึถื”ืจ 
ืึธื“ืขืจ ืฆื•ื•ื™ื™, ืื•ืŸ ืื™ื”ืจ ื“ืึทืจืคื˜ ืžื™ืš ื ืขื“ืขื ืงืขืŸ, ืฐืึธืจื•ื ืžื™ื™ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ื“ืข 
ืื•ืŸ ืื™ืขืจ ืคืึธื˜ืขืจ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ.. ืฉืจืขืงื˜ ื–ื™ืš ื ื™ืฉื˜, ื ื™ื˜ ืงื™ื™ืŸ 
ืงืจื•ื‘ื™ื, ื“ืึธืก ื”ื™ื™ืกื˜, ืืคื™ืœื• ื™ืึธ ืฉื˜ื™ืงืœืขืš ืฉื ื™-ืฉื‘ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ืก, ื–ืขื”ืจ 
ื•ื•ื™ื™ื˜ืข ืงื ืขืคึผืœืขืš ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืžืึทืžืข'ืก ืฆื“, ื ืึธืจ ื ืึทื ืฅ ื ืึธื”ืขื ื˜ืข ืฉื›ื ื™ื 
ืื™ืŸ ืึทืœื˜ืขืŸ ื‘ื™ืช-ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ, ื ืฉื˜ืึธื“ื˜ ืึทืงืขื ืขืŸ 8 ืฉื˜ืึธื“ื˜, ืื™ืขืจ 
ืคืึธื˜ืขืจ ืื™ืŸ ืžื–ืจื—-ื•ื•ืื ื˜ ืื•ืŸ ืžื™ื™ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ื“ืข ืื™ืŸ ืฉืคึผื™ืขื ืขืœ-ื‘ืึทื ืง, ืื–ื•ื™ 
ืึทื– ืื™ื”ืจ ืคืœืขื ื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืฉื˜ืขืœืขืŸ ืฉืžื•ื ื”-ืขืฉืจื”, ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ ืžื™ืจ ืึทื™ื™ืš ื’ืข" 
ื–ืขื”ืขืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื”ื™ื ื˜ืขืŸ. ืื™ืš ื ืขื“ืขื ืง ื ืึธืš ืืคื™ืœื• ืื™ืขืจ ืคืึธื˜ืขืจ'ื 
ืึทื˜ืœืขืกืขื ืข, ื’ืคืึทื ืฆืขื ื“ื™ื ืข ืคึผืœื™ื™ืฆืข ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ ื‘ืจื™ื™ื˜ืข ืึทื›ืกืœืขืŸ, ืžื™ื˜ 
ื“ืขืจ ื’ืจื•ื™ืกืขืจ ื–ื™ืœื‘ืขืจื ืขืจ ืขื˜ืจื” ืคื•ื 'ื ื˜ืœื™ืช, ืื•ืŸ ืžื™ื™ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ื“ืข, ืจื‘ 
ื ืคืชืœื™ ื“ืขืจ ื•ื•ื™ื™ื ืขืจ, ืื™ื”ืจ ื“ืืจืคื˜ ืื™ื”ื ื ืขื“ืขื ืงืขืŸ, ืคืœืขื ื˜ ืึธื - 
ืจื•ืงืขืŸ ื“ืขื ื ืขืœืขืŸ ื˜ืœื™ืช ืื™ื‘ืขืจ'ืŸ ืงืึธืคึผ ืื•ืŸ ืžื™ืš ืงื ื™ื™ืคึผืขืŸ, ืื™ืš ื•ืœ 
ืึทืจื™ื™ื ืงื•ืงืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืกื“ื•ืจ ืึทืจื™ืŸ, ืฐืึธืจื•ื ืื™ืš ื”ืึธื‘ ืึทื–ืฑ ื’ืขืฐืึธืœื˜ ื“ืึทื•ื•- 
ื ืขืŸ ืžืกืชืžื ื•ื™ ืื™ื”ืจ. ืื™ืš ื”ืึธื‘ ื ืึทื ืฅ ื ื•ื˜ ื’ืขื–ืขื”ืขืŸ, -- ืื™ืš 
ื‘ื™ืŸ ื“ืึธืš ื’ืขืฉื˜ืึทื ืขืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื”ื™ื ื˜ืขืŸ -- ืื• ื‘ืฉืขืช ืฉื˜ื™ืœืข ืฉืžื•ื ื”- 
ืขืฉืจื” ื”ืึธื˜ ืื™ื”ืจ ื ืึธืจ ื’ืขืงื•ืงื˜ ืึทืจืึธืคึผ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื™ ืฉื˜ื™ื•ื•ืขืœืขืš, ืฐืึธืก 


ื‘ื™ืž'ืŸ ืขืžืึทื 59 


ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ ื‘ื™ื™ ืึทื™ื™ืš ื’ืขืกืงืจื™ืคึผืขื˜, ืื•ืŸ ื•ื™ ืึทื–ืฑื™ ื”ืึธื‘ ืื™ืš ืื™ื™ืš, ืœืžืฉืœ, 
ืžืงื ื ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืึทืฒืขืจืข ืชืžื™ื“ ื ื™ื™ืข ืฉื˜ื™ื•ื•ืขืœืขืš, ืึทืŸ ืžื™ื™ื ืข ื–ืขื ืขืŸ 
ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ืชืžื™ืจ ืึทืœื˜, ืฉื˜ืขื ื“ื™ื’ ืžื™ื˜ ืœืึทื˜ืขืก, ืฐืึธืจื•ื ืื™ื‘ืขืจ ืžื™ื™ืŸ 
ืงืจืึทื ืงืขืŸ ืคื•ืก ื”ืึธื‘ ืื™ืš ืงื™ื™ื ืžืึธืœ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื’ืขืงืึทื ื˜ ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืจืขื›ื˜ืข 
ืฉื˜ื™ื•ื•ืขืค, ืื•ืŸ ืื™ื‘ืขืจ ื“ืขื ื“ืึธื–ื™ื ืขืŸ ืงืจืึทื ืงืขืŸ ืคื•ืก ื”ืึธื‘ ืื™ืš ืชืžื™ืจ 
ื’ืขื”ืื˜ ืฆืจื•ืช: ื ื—ื•ืฅ ืฐืึธืก ืก'ืื™ื– ืžื™ืจ ืฉื•ื•ืขืจ ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ืฆื• ื ืขื”ืŸ, 
ืคืœืขื ื˜ ืžืขืŸ ื ืึธืš ืคื•ืŸ ืžื™ืจ ืฉื˜ืขื ื“ื™ื’ ืœืึทื›ืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืจื•ืคืขืŸ ืžื™ืš , ืงืจื™ืฐื•ืึธืง" 
ืื•ืŸ ื ืึธื›ืงืจื™ืžืขืŸ ื–ื™ืš ืžื™ืจ, ืฐื™ ืื™ืš ื’ืขื”, ืื•ืŸ ืžืขื”ืจ ืคื•ืŸ ืึทืœึถืข ื˜ืึทืงื™ 
ืื™ื”ืจ, ืจื‘ ืฉืœื•ื-ื‘ืขืจ, ืก'ื–ืึธืœ ืื™ื™ืš ืฆื• ืงื™ื™ืŸ ื—ืจืคึผื” ื ื™ื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ, ืžื™ื˜ 
ื ืึธืš ืึทื–ืขืœื‘ืข ื ื’ื™ื“'ื™ืฉืข ืงื™ื ื“ืขืจ, ืคึผืึทื ืกืงื™ ืฆืึทืคึผื™ืงืœืขืš, ื•ื™ ืื™ื”ืจ.. 


-- ืื™ืš 9 --- ื˜ื—ื•ื˜ ื–ื™ืš ื“ืขืจ ื ื’ื™ื“ ื ื—ืึทืคึผ ืื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจืžืึทื ื˜ ื–ื™ืš, 
ืึทื– ืก'ืื™ื– ืืžืช, ืžืข ืคืœืขื ื˜ ืื™ื”ื ื˜ืึทืงื™ ื ืึธื›ืžืึทื›ืขืŸ, ื•ื™ ืขืจ ืฉืคึผืจื™ื ื’ื˜ 
ืื•ื™ืฃ ืื™ื™ืŸ ืคื•ืก. | 


--- ื“ืึธืก ื ืึธื›ืžืึทื›ืขืŸ ืึทืœื™ื™ืŸ ืฐืึธืœื˜ ื ืึธืš ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ื ื™ืฉืงืฉื” ; ืื™ื”ืจ 
ืคืœืขื ื˜ ืžื™ืš ื ื™ื˜ ื•ื•ืขืœืขืŸ ืึทืจื™ื™ื ื ืขืžืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืจืขืจ ื—ื‘ืจื”, ืžื™ืš ื˜ืจื™ื™ื‘ืขืŸ 
ืžื™ื˜ ืฉื˜ืขืงืขื ืก ืื•ืŸ ืึธื ื˜ืจืขื˜ืขืŸ ืžื™ืจ ืื•ื™ืค'ืŸ ืงืจืึทื ืงืขืŸ ืคื•ืก, ื–ื™ืฃ 
ืฉื˜ืขืœืขืŸ ื›ืœื•ืžืจืฉื˜ ืื•ืžื’ืขื”ืจืขืŸ ืžื™ื˜'ืŸ ืึธืคึผืฆืึทืกื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื™ ืคื™ื ื ืขืจ, 
ืึทื–ืฑ ืึทื– ืื™ืš ื–ืึธืœ ืคื™ื”ืœืขืŸ, ืื™ืš ื–ืึธืœ ื˜ืึทืงื™ ืฉืจื™ื™ืขืŸ. ืคืœืขื’ ืื™ืš 
ืฉืจื™ื™ืขืŸ, ืื•ืŸ ืื™ื”ืจ ืคืœืขื ื˜ ?ืฉื›ืขืŸ, ื–ื™ืš ื”ืึทืœื˜ืขืŸ ื‘ื™ื™ ื“ื™ ื–ื™ื™ื˜ืขืŸ.. 

-- ื“ืึธืก ื˜ืจืึทื›ื˜ ืื™ื”ืจ ืื•ื™ืก ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ืžืกืชืžื ืคื•ื 'ื ืงืึธืคึผ, --- 
ืจื•ืžื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืึธืŸ ืฆื• ืื™ื”ื ื“ืขืจ ื ื’ื™ื“ ืื•ืŸ ืฐื•ืขืจื“ ืจื•ื™ื˜ ืคืึทืจ ื‘ื–ื™ื•ืŸ, ืฐืึธืก 
ืขืจ ืคืœืขื’ื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืึทื–ืฑื™ ืจืขื›ืขื ืขืŸ ืžื™ื˜ 8 ืงืึทืœื™ืงืข, ืื•ืŸ ืขืจ ื“ืขืจืžืื ื˜ 
ื–ื™ืš, ืฐื™ ืื–ื•ื™ ื•ื•ื™ืœื“ ื’ืขื‘ืึทืœืขืฐืขื˜ ืขืจ ืื™ื– ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ืงื™ื ื“ื•ื•ื™ื™ื–, ื’ืขืงืึทื ื˜ 
ื˜ื”ื•ืŸ ืฐืึธืก ืขืจ ื”ืึธื˜ ื’ืขืฐืึธืœื˜, 

-- ื ืกื™ืžืŸ ื•ื•ืขืœ ืื™ืš ืื™ื™ืš ื–ืึธื ืขืŸ: ืื™ืš ื”ืึธื‘ ื“ืขืจืฆืขื”ืœื˜ 
ื“ืขื ื–ื™ื™ื“ืขืŸ, ื”ืึธื˜ ื“ืขืจ ื–ื™ื™ื“ืข ื“ืขืจืฆืขื”ืœื˜ ืื™ืขืจ ืคืึธื˜ืขืจ, ื”ืึธื˜ 
ืื™ืขืจ ืคืึธื˜ืขืจ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื’ืขืฐืึธืœื˜ ื’ืœื™ื‘ืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ ื”ืึธื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืฆืขืฉืจื™ืขืŸ 
ืื•ื™ืฃ ืžื™ื™ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ื“ืขืŸ, ืึทื– ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื–ื•ื”ืŸ ืื™ื– ืึท ืฉื˜ื™ืœ ืกื™ื ื“ ืื•ืŸ ืฐืขื˜ ื–ื™ืš 
ื’ื™ื ืึธื ื”ื•ื™ื‘ืขืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ,ืงื‘ืฆื ื™ืฉืข ืงื™ื ื“ืขืจ". ืื™ื”ืจ ื”ืขืจื˜ ? ืง ื‘ ืฆ ื ื™ืฉืข 


80 | ืฉืœื•ื"ืขืœื™ื›ื 


ืงื™ื ื“ืขืจ!.. ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขืžืึธืœื˜ ืึธืŸ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืื™ืš ื’ืขืฐื•ืึธื”ืจ ื’ืขืฐืึธืจืขืŸ, ื•ื•ืขืจ 
ืื™ืš ื‘ื™ืŸ, ืึทื– ืื™ืš ื‘ื™ืŸ ืึท ืงื‘ืฆื ื™ืฉ ืงื™ื ื“... ื”ืึธื‘ ืื™ืš ืื•ืžื™ืกื˜ื ืข ื’ืข- 
ืคืจืขื ื˜ ื“ืขื ื–ื™ื™ื“ืขืŸ, ืฐืึธืก ื“ืึธืก ื‘ืขื“ื™ื™ื˜. ื”ืึธื˜ ืžื™ืš ื“ืขืจ ื–ื™ื™ื“ืข 
ืงืœืึธืจ ื ืขืžืึทื›ื˜, ืฐืึธืก ื”ื™ื™ืกื˜ ืึท ืงื‘ืฆื ื™ืฉ ืงื™ื ื“ ืื•ืŸ ืฐืึธืก ื”ื™ื™ืกื˜ 8 
ื ื’ื™ื“ื™ืฉ ืงื™ื ื“, ื ืึธืจ ืื™ืš ื”ืึธื‘ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืคืึทืจืฉื˜ืึทื ืขืŸ, ืคืึทืจ ืฐืึธืก ืžืขื’ 
ืึท ื ื’ื™ื“ื™ืฉ ืงื™ื ื“ ืึธื ื˜ืจืขื˜ืขืŸ ืึท ืงื‘ืฆื ื™ืฉ ืงื™ื ื“ ืื•ื™ืค'ืŸ ืคื•ืก, ืื•ืŸ 8 
ืงื‘ืฆื ื™ืฉ ืงื™ื ื“ ื‘ืึทื“ืึทืจืฃ ืฉื•ื•ื™ื™ื’ืขืŸ ? ื”ืึธื‘ ืื™ืš ื’ืขืคืจืขื’ื˜ ื“ืขื ื–ื™ื™ื“ืขืŸ. 
ื”ืึธื˜ ืžื™ืจ ื“ืขืจ ื–ื™ื™ื“ืข ื ืขื–ืึธื’ื˜: ื“ืขืจืคืึทืจ, ื•ื•ื™ื™ืœ ื ื ื’ื™ื“ ืื™ืŸ ื ื™ื 
ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืงื‘ืฆืŸ ืื•ืŸ ื ืงื‘ืฆืŸ ืื™ื– ื ื™ื˜ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ื ื’ื™ื“, ื“ืึธืก ื”ื™ื™ืกื˜, ืึท ื ื’ื™ื“ 
ืื™ืŸ ืึท ื ื’ื™ื“ ืื•ืŸ ืึท ืงื›ืฆืŸ ืื™ื– ืึท ืงื‘ืฆืŸ... ื”ืึธื‘ ืื™ืš ื“ืึธืก ื ื™ื˜ ืึธื ื’ืข- 
ื”ื•ื™ื‘ืขืŸ ืฆื• ืคืึทืจืฉื˜ืขื”ืŸ ืื•ืŸ ื”ืึธื‘ ืึท ืงื•ืง ื’ืขื˜ื”ืึธืŸ ื“ืขื ื–ื™ื™ื“ืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ 
ื“ื™ ืื•ื™ื ืขืŸ ืึทืจืฒืŸ, ื˜ืึธืžืขืจ ืฐืข? ืื™ืš ืขืคึผื™ืก ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืื•ื™ื ืขืŸ ื’ืขื•ื•ืึธื”ืจ 
ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ืึท ืคึผืฉื˜ ืฆื• ื“ื™ ืฐื•ืขืจื˜ืขืจ. ื”ืึธื‘ ืื™ืš ืึธื‘ืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ื ืข ืื•ื™ื ืขืŸ 
ื ื™ื˜ ืึทืจื•ื™ืกื’ืขื–ืขื”ืขืŸ ื’ืึธืจื ื™ืค! ืื™ืš ื”ืึธื‘ ื ืึธืจ ืึทืจืฑืกื ืขื–ืขื”ืขืŸ ื•ื™ ื 
ื˜ื•ื ืงืขืœืข ื—ืžืึทืจืข ืื•ื™ืฃ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืคึผื ื™ื ืื•ืŸ ืงื ื™ื™ื˜ืฉืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืค'ืŸ ืฉื˜ืขืจืŸ, ืื•ืŸ 
ื•ื•ื™ื™ื˜ืขืจ ื’ืึธืจื ื™ื˜... ืื•ืŸ ืื™ืš ื‘ืึทื“ืึทืจืฃ ื–ื™ืš ืžื•ื“ื” ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืคืึทืจ ืึทื™ื™ืš, 
ืก'ืื™ื– ื“ืึธืš ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ืื™ื™ืŸ ืขื‘ืจ'ื“ื™ื ืข ื–ืึทืš ;: ืื™ืš ื”ืึธื‘ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขืžืึธืœื˜ ืึธืŸ 
ืคื™ื™ื ื˜ ื ืขืงืจืึทื ืขืŸ ืึทืœึทืข ื ื’ื™ื“ื™ื ืžื™ื˜ ืึทืœืข ื ื’ื™ื“ื™ืฉืข ืงื™ื ื“ืขืจ, ืื•ืŸ ืžืขื”ืจ 
ืคื•ืŸ ืึทืœืข ื”ืึธื‘ ืื™ืš ืคื™ื™ื ื˜ ื ืขืงืจืึธื’ืขืŸ ืึตื™ื™ืš.. 

--- ืžื™ืš ? --- ื“ืขืจ ื ื ื™ื“ ื”ืึธื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืึทื–ืฉ ืึท ื—ืึทืคึผ ื’ืขื˜ื”ืึธืŸ ืคืืจ'ืŸ 
ื”ืึทืจืฆืขืŸ. | 

-- ืึทื™ื™ืš, ืึทื™ื™ืš! ืื™ื”ืจ ื–ืขื ื˜ ื“ืึธืš ื“ืขืžืึธืœื˜ ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ื ืึธืš ื ืึธืจ. 
ื ื™ื•ื ื ืขืœ, ื”ืึธื˜ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืคืึทืจืื™ื‘ืขืœ ื ื™ืฉื˜ -- ืึท ืฉื ืขืง; ืžื™ืจ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ 
ื‘ื™ื™ื“ืข, ื”ื™ื™ืกื˜ ื“ืึธืก, ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ื“ืขืžืึธืœื˜ ื ืึธืš ื™ื•ื ื’ืข ื•ื•ืขื•ื•ืจื™ืงืœืขืš ; ืื•ืŸ 
ื ืึธื›ื“ืขื. ืืคื™ืœื•, ืึทื– ืกื™ืจ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืื•ื ื˜ืขืจื ืขืฐืึทื›ืกืขืŸ, ื’ืขืฐืึธืจืขืŸ ื‘ื™ื™ื“ืข 
! ื‘ืจ-ืžืฆื•ื”-ื™ื•ื ื ืœืขืš, ื‘ื—ื–ืจื™ืž'ืœืขืš ืฉื•ื™ืŸ, ื”ืึธื˜ ืื™ื”ืจ ื–ื™ืš ื’ืึธืจ ืึธืคึผื ืขืงืข" 
ืจืขื•ื•ืขื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ืกื™ืจ, ื–ื™ืš ื’ืขืžืึทื›ื˜ ื ืœื™ื™ืš ื•ื™ ืื™ื”ืจ ืงืขื ื˜ ืžื™ืš ื ื™ื, 
ืžื•ื“ื ื’ืขื”ืึธื˜ ืงื•ืงืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืžื™ืจ, ื˜ืึธืžืขืจ ื–ืึธื’ ืื™ืš ืึตื™ื™ืš ืึท ื’ื•ื ืฉื‘ืช, 
ื•ื•ืขื˜ ืื™ื”ืจ ืžื™ืจ ื—ืœื™ืœื” ื“ืึทืจืคืขืŸ ืขื ื˜ืคืขืจืขืŸ ืึท ื’ื•ื˜ ื™ืึธื”ืจ, ื”ืึธื ืื™ื”ืจ 
ื ืขื–ืฉืึทืœืขื ื•ืขื˜, ืึทืคึผื ื™ื; ืขืก ื”ืึธื˜ ืื™ื™ืš ื ื™ื˜ ื’ืขืœืฑื™ื ื˜.. 


ื˜ื•ื˜'ืŸ ืขื˜ืึธื 81 


ื“ืขืจ ื˜ืขืคึผืœื™ืงืขืจ ื ื’ื™ื“, ืฉืœื•ื-ื‘ืขืจ ื˜ืขืคึผืœื™ืงืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ื˜ืขืคึผืœื™ืง, ื”ืึธื˜ 
ื–ื™ืš ืึทื–ืฉื 6 ืจื•ืง ื’ืขื˜ื”ืึธืŸ ืื•ื™ืค'ืŸ ืึธืจื˜ ืื•ืŸ ื ืžืึทืš ื’ืขื˜ื”ืึธืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ื“ืขืจ 
ื”ืฉื ื“, ื•ื™ ืื™ื™ื ืขืจ ืจืขื“ื˜: ,ืžืึธื”ืœื˜ ืึทื™ื™ืš, ืก'ืื™ืŸ ื ื™ื˜ ืึทืฐื™ ื“ื•ึผ 
ืžืขืฉื”",.. ืื•ืŸ ื‘ื™ื™ ื–ื™ืš ื”ืึธื˜ ืขืจ ื–ื™ืš ื“ืขืจืžืึทื ื˜, ืึทื– ืก'ืื™ื– ืžืขื’ืœื™ืš, 
ืฐืึธืจื•ื ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืคืึธื˜ืขืจ ืคืœืขื’ื˜ ืื™ื—ื ื–ืื ืขืŸ ืฉื˜ืขื ื“ื™ื’, ืึทื– ืขืจ ืื™ื– ื ื™ื˜ 
ื’ืœื™ื™ืš ืฆื•ึน ืึทื ื“ืขืจืข ื™ื•ื ื’ืœืขืš... 


--- ื”ืึธื˜ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืคืืจืื™ื‘ืข? ื ื™ืฉื˜, ืจื‘ ืฉืœื•ื-ื‘ืขืจ, ื ื ืืจื™ืฉื™ 
ืงื™ื™ื˜ ื’ืขื“ืขื ืงื˜ ื–ื™ืš. ืืฑืฃ ืžื™ื™ืŸ ืขืจืฉื˜ืขืจ ื—ืชื•ื ื” (ืื™ื”ืจ ื”ืึธื˜ 
ืคืจื™ื”ืขืจ ื—ืชื•ื ื” ื’ืขื”ืึทื˜ ืคึฟืึทืจ ืžื™ืจ) ื”ืึธื‘ ืื™ืš ืึทื™ื™ืš ื’ืขืฉื™ืงื˜ ื 
ื—ืชื•ื ื”-ืฆืขื˜ืขืœ, ื”ืึธื˜ ืื™ื—ืจ ืืžื™ืœืŸ ื’ื™ื ื’ืขืขื ื˜ืคืขืจื˜ ืžื™ื˜ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ืจื™ืขืฃ. 

--- ื›ืœืขืžืขืŸ, ืื™ืš ื’ืขื“ืขื ืง ื ื™ื.. 

--- ื•ื™ ืงื•ืžื˜ ืื™ื—ืจ ื’ืขื“ืขื ืงืขืŸ ? ืœึฐืžืึทื™ ืื™ื—ืจ ื’ืขื“ืขื ืกื˜ ื ื™ื 
ื“ืึธืก ืื•ื™ืš ืžืกืชืžื, ืฉื– ืื™ืš ื‘ื™ืŸ, ื’ื™ื˜ ื”ื™ื™ื ื˜ ื’ืขื“ืึทื›ื˜, ื“ืึธืก ืขืจืฉื˜ืข 
ืžืึธืœ ื’ืขื‘ืœื™ื‘ืขืŸ ืึตื™ื™ืŸ ืืœืžืŸ, ื”ืึธื‘ ืื™ืš ื’ืขืฉื™ืงื˜ ืžื™ื™ืŸ ืคืขื˜ืขืจ ื™ืึธืกื™ืŸ 
(ื“ืขืจ ื–ื™ื™ื“ืข ืื™ื– ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ื“ืขืžืืœื˜ ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ืึท ืฉื•ื›ืŸ-ืขืคืจ), ืขืจ ื–ืึธืœ ืื™ื™ืฃ 
ื–ืึธื’ืขืŸ, ืื– ืื™ืš ื‘ื™ืŸ ื’ืขื‘ืœื™ื‘ืขืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ืฆื•ื•ื™ื™ ืงืœื™ื™ื ืข ืงื™ื ื“ืขืจ, ืฐื™ ืื•ื™ืืฅ 
ื•ื•ืืกืขืจ, ื”ืึธื˜ ืื™ื—ืจ ืื™ื”ื ื’ืขืขื ื˜ืคืขืจื˜, ืึทื– ืื™ื”ืจ ื–ืขื ื˜ ื ื™ื•ื ื ืขืจ- 
ืžืืŸ, ืฐืึธื˜ ืงืคื˜ืึธืจื™ ืžื™ืฉื˜ ื–ื™ืš ื ื™ื˜ ืื™ืŸ ืงื—ืœ'ืฉืข ื–ืึทื›ืขืŸ... 

-- ื * ืฃ ื”ืึธื‘ ืึทื–ื•ึนื™ ื’ืขืขื ื˜ืคืขืจื˜ 4 ื–ืขื—ื˜ ื ืึธืจ, ืฆื™ ืื™ืขืจ ืคืข- 
ื˜ืขืจ ื™ืึธืกื™ ื”ืึธื˜ ืื™ื™ืš ื’ื™ื˜ ื“ืขืจืฆืขื”ืœื˜, ืžื—ื™ืœื—, ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืœื™ื’ืขืŸ... 

--- ืขืก ืงืึธืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ, ืืคืฉืจ ื–ืขื ื˜ ืื™ื”ืจ ื’ืขืจืขื›ื˜.. ืื™ืš ื•ื™ื™ื 
ื ืึธืจ, ืึทื– ืื™ื—ืจ ื”ืึธื˜ ืžื™ื“ ื ื™ื ื’ืขื”ืึธืœืคืขืŸ ื ื™ื˜ ื“ืขืžืึธืœื˜ ื“ืึธืก ืขืจืฉื˜ืข 
ืžืึธืœ ืื•ืŸ ื ื™ื˜ ื“ืึธืก ืึทื ื“ืขืจืข ืžืึธืœ, ืึทื– ืื™ืš ื‘ื™ืŸ, ื ื™ื˜ ื”ื™ื™ื ื˜ ื’ืขื“ืึทื›ื˜, 
ืึธืคึผื’ืขื‘ืจืขื ื˜ ื’ืขืฐืึธืจืขืŸ, ืืจื•ื™ืก ื•ื™ ื“ื™ ืžืึทืžืข ื”ืึธื˜ ืžื™ืš ื’ืขื”ืื˜, ืื•ืŸ 
ืื•ึนื™ืš ืฉืคึผืขื˜ืขืจ, ืื• ืžื™ืจ ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ ื–ื™ืš ื‘ืขื’ืขื’ืขื ื˜ ืื™ื™ื ืžืึธืœ ืื™ืŸ ื”ื™ื™ื˜ื™ืŸ 
ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ืขืจ ืื›ืกื ื™ื—, ืื•ื‘ ืื™ื—ืจ ื ืขื“ืขื ืงื˜, ื‘ืฉืขืช ื™ืจื™ืš, ืื™ื”ืจ ื–ืขื ื˜ 
ื’ืขืงื•ืžืขืŸ ืฆื• ืคืึธื”ืจืขืŸ ืงื•ื™ืคืขืŸ, ื“ืึทื›ื˜ ื–ื™ืš, ืื•ื™ื‘ ืื™ืš ื”ืึธื‘ ื ื™ื˜ ืงื™ื™ืŸ 
ื˜ืขื•ืช, ื ืคึผืึธืจ ื˜ืขืจืš, ืื•ืŸ. ืืคืฉืจ ื ื‘ื—ืžื”, ืื•ืŸ ืืคืฉืจ ื ืึธืจ ืคืืจื•ื™ 
ืงื•ื™ืคืขืŸ ืงืึธืจืŸ 4 -- 


ืฉืœื•ืกื™ืขืœื™ื›ื ื‘. /5+7/1 6 


89 | ืฉืœื•ืื™ืขืœื™ื›ื 


ื“ืขืจ ื ื’ื™ื“ ืจื™ื™ื‘ื˜ ื–ื™ืš ื“ืขื ืฉื˜ืขืจืŸ, ื•ื™ ืึท ืžืขื ืฉ, ืฐืึธืก ืฐื•ื™ืœ ื–ื™ืš 
ื“ืขืจืžืึทื ืขืŸ ื ื–ืึทืš, ืฐืึธืก ืขืจ ื’ืขื“ืขื ืงื ื ื™ืฉื˜, ืื•ืŸ ืก'ืื™ื– ืื™ื”ื ืึท 
ื—ื™ื“ื•ืฉ, ืฐืึธืก ืขืจ ื”ืึธื˜ ื“ืึธืก ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ืœืึทื ื’ ืคืขืจื’ืขืกืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ ื™ืขื ืขืจ ื ื™ื˜. 
ืื•ืŸ ืขืก ืฉื˜ืขื”ื˜ ืื™ื”ื ื ื™ื˜ ืึธืŸ ืจื™ ืžืขืฉื”, ืฐืึธืก ื‘ืขืจืขืœ ื“ืขืจ ืจื•ื™ื˜ืขืจ, 
ืฐืึธืก ืื™ืŸ ื˜ืขืคึผืœื™ืง ืฐืึธืœื˜ ืขืจ ื ืึธืจ ื ื™ื˜ ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ ื“ื™ ื–ื›ื™ื” ืžื™ื˜ ืื™ื”ื 
ืฆื• ืจืขื“ืขืŸ ืฆื•ื•ื™ื™ ืื™ื‘ืขืจื™ื ืข ื•ื•ืขืจื˜ืขืจ, ื–ืึธืœ ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ ืึท ื”ืขื–ื” ืื™ื”ื 
ืื•ื™ืกืฆื•ื–ืขืฆืขืŸ ื“ืึธ ื“ื™ ืคืขื”ืœืขืจืขืŸ, ื“ืขืจืžืึทื ืขืŸ ืื™ื”ื ืึทืœื˜ืข ื—ื˜ืื™ื ! 
ืื•ืŸ ืกืข ืฉื˜ืขื”ื˜ ืื™ื”ื ื ื™ื˜ ืึถืŸ ื“ื™ ืžืขืฉื”, ืื•ืŸ ืขืจ ืฐื•ื™ืœ ืขืคึผื™ืก ืึถื - 
ื”ื•ื™ื‘ืขืŸ ืจืขื“ืขืŸ, ืงื•ืžื˜ ืึธืŸ ื”ืขื ื™ืš ืคื•ืŸ ื’ืจืึทื ืึธื• ืžื™ื˜ ื ืคืœืขืฉืขืœ 
ื‘ืจืึธื ืคืขืŸ, ืงื•ื™ื ืฐืึธืก ืขืจ ื—ืึทืคึผื˜ ื“ืขื ืึดื˜ื”ืขื, ืึทื–ืฑ ืื™ื– ืขืจ ื’ืข" 
ืœืึธืคืขืŸ, ืžื•ืจื ื’ืขื”ืื˜, ื˜ืึธืžืขืจ ืคืึธื”ืจื˜ ืขืžื™ืฆืขืจ ืึธืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืžืข ืคึผืึทืงื˜ 
ืื™ื”ื ืžื™ื˜'ืŸ ื‘ืจืึธื ืคืขืŸ. ืื•ืŸ ืึทืœืข ื“ืจื™ื™ ืคืขืจื‘ืจืขื›ืขืจ ื–ืขืฆืขืŸ ื–ื™ืš ืฆื• 
ื“ืขืจ ืคืขื•ื“ื”, ื ืขืžืขืŸ ืคืจื™ื”ืขืจ ืฆื• ืงืึทืคึผืœืขืš ื‘ืจืึธื ืคืขืŸ, ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืžื›ื‘ื“ 
ืื•ื™ืš ื“ืขื ืขื˜ืึทืคึผ ืžื™ื˜ ื ืคึนึผืึถืจ ื’ืœืขื–ืœืขืš ; ื“ืขืจ ืขื˜ืึทืคึผ ื–ืึธื’ื˜ ื–ื™ืš ื ื™ื˜ 
ืึดืคึผ, ื ืึธืจ ืขืจ ืคืขืจืงืจื™ืžื˜ ื–ื™ืš, ืฐื•ื™ืฉื˜-ืึธืคึผ ืžื™ื˜ ื“ืขืจ ื”ืึธืจื™ื ืขืจ ืกื•ื•ื™ื˜ืข 
ื“ื™ ื ื’ืจืึธื‘ืข ืฐืึธื ืฆืขืก ืื•ืŸ ืฉื™ืงื˜-ืึธืคึผ ืฆื• ืึทืœื“ื™ ืฉื•ื•ืืจืฆืข ื™ืึธื”ืจ ื ืจืึทื ืึธื•ื• 
ืžื™ื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืฉื˜ืึทืจืงืขืŸ ื‘ืจืึธื ืคืขืŸ. 

--- ื“ื•ื–ืฉืข ื”ื™ืจืงื, ื ืขื—ื™ื™ ื™ืึดืžื• ืกื™ื ื˜ืฉืขืจื˜ื™ื•ื•! * -- ืžืึทื›ื˜ 
ืคืึทื•ื•ืจืข ืื•ืŸ ื˜ื—ื•ื˜ ืึท ืžืึทืš ืžื™ื˜ ื“ืขืจ ื”ืึทื ื“, ืฐื•ื™ ื ืžืขื ืฉ, ืฐืึธืก ื’ื™ื˜ 
ื–ื™ืš ืึท ื ื“ืจ, ืึทื– ืžืขื”ืจ ื–ืึธืœ ืขืจ ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืžื•ื™ืœ ืึทืจื™ื™ืŸ ื ื™ื˜ ื ืขืžืขืŸ 
ืงื™ื™ืŸ ื˜ืจืึธืคึผืขืŸ ืืคื™ืœื•! ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขืกื˜ื•ื•ืขื ืขืŸ, ืึทื– ืก'ืื™ื– ื ืขืงื•ืžืขืŸ ื ืึธืš 
ื“ื™ ืคื™ืฉ ืื•ืŸ ืžืข ื”ืึธื˜ ื–ื™ืš ื’ืขื ื•ืžืขืŸ ืฆื• ื“ืขืจ ืงืื˜ืฉืงืข, ื”ืึธื˜ ืžืขืŸ 
ืื™ื”ื ืคืึธืจื˜ ืึทื™ื™ื ื’ืขื‘ืขื˜ืขืŸ, ืขืจ ื–ืึธืœ ื ืขืžืขืŸ ื ื’ืœืขื–ืขืœ. ืขืก ื”ืึธื 
ื–ื™ ื˜ืึทืงื™ ื’ืขืงืึธืกื˜ ืึทื‘ื™ืกืขืœ ืžื™ื”, ื ืึธืจ ืžืข ื”ืึธื˜ ื‘ื™ื™ ืื™ื”ื ื’ืข" 
ืคึผื•ืขืœ'ื˜, ืขืจ ื–ืึธืœ ื“ืึธืก ืื•ื™ืกื˜ืจื™ื ืงืขืŸ ื‘ื™ื–'ืŸ ื“ื ืึธ, ืžื—ืžืช ืžืข ื•ื™ืœ 
ืื™ื”ื ืื ื’ื™ืกืขืŸ ื ืึธืš ืึท ื’ืœืขื–ืขืœ. , 

ืื™ื‘ืขืจื’ืขื‘ื™ืกืขืŸ, ื”ืึธื˜ ื–ื™ืš ื“ืขืจ ืขื•ืœื ืฆื•ื ืขืœืขื ื˜ ื ื‘ื™ืกืขืœืข 
ืื•ื ื˜ืขืจ'ืŸ ืฉืึธื˜ืขืŸ ืคื•ื 'ื ื‘ืึทืจืขื ื‘ื•ื™ื, ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื”ืœื™ืœื” ื“ืจื™ืžืœืขืŸ, ื ืึธืจ 


ืขื™ 
= ืื˜ 


* ืฆืŸ ื‘ื•ื˜ืขืจ, ื–ื™ืขื‘ืขืŸ ืจื•ื—ื•ืช ื–ืึธืœ ืื™ื”ื ื–ื™ื™ืŸ! 


ืžื•ื˜'ืŸ ืขืžืึทืคึผ 88 


ื’ืื˜ ืึทื–ืฑ ืงื•ืงืขืŸ ืึทืจืฑืฃ ืื™ืŸ ื‘ืœื•ื™ืขืŸ ื”ื™ืžืขืœ ืึทืจื™ืŸ, ื–ืขื”ืขืŸ ื•ื™ ืงืœื™ื™ื ืข 
ื—ืžืึทืจืขืก ืจื•ืงืขืŸ ื–ื™ืš ืึธืŸ, ืฆืขืจื™ื™ืกืขืŸ ื–ื™ืš, ื•ื•ืขืจืขืŸ ืฆืขื’ืึทื ื’ืขืŸ ืึทื–ืฑ ืฐื•ื™ 
ืจื•ื™ืš, ืื•ืŸ ื ืžื—ื ื— ืฐืึทืจืึธื ืขืก, ืฐืึธืก ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ ื–ื™ืš ืื•ื™ืกื’ืขืžื•ืฉื˜ื™ืจื˜ 
ืื™ืŸ ืฆื•ื•ื™ื™ ืคึผืึทืกืขืŸ, ืฐื•ื™ ื ืจืœ"ืช, ืฉื•ื•ืขื‘ืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืฉื•ื•ืขื‘ืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืฉื˜ืขื”ืขืŸ 
ืื•ื™ืฃ ืื™ื™ืŸ ืึถืจื˜. 


ืœื™ื ืขืŸ ืžื™ื˜'ืŸ ืคึผื ื™ื ืึทืจืฑืฃ ืื•ืŸ ืงื•ืงืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื”ื™ืžืข? ืึทืจื™ื™ืŸ ื ืึธื›'ืŸ 
ืขืกืขืŸ ืื™ื– ื ื˜ื™ื™ืขืจืข ืกื’ื•ืœื” ืื•ื™ืฃ ืฆื• ืึทื ืฉืœืึธืคืขืŸ ื•ื•ืขืจืขืŸ, ื“ืขืจ 
ืขืจืฉื˜ืขืจ ื”ืึธื˜ ื“ืึธืก ื‘ืขื•ื•ื™ื–ืขืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืขื˜ืึทืคึผ ืึทืœืฒืŸ, ืฐืึธืก ืก'ื”ืึธื˜ ื–ื™ืš ื’ื™ืš 
ื’ืขืœืึธื–ื˜ ื”ืขืจืขืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ืื™ื”ื ืึท ืžื•ืจื'ื“ื™ื ืขืจ ื—ืจืึธืคึผ, ื•ื™ ืคื•ืŸ ืึทื™ื™ืŸ ืื™ื‘ืขืจ- 
ื’ืขืฉืจืึธืงืขืŸ ืคืขืจื“, ืื•ืŸ ืชื™ื›ืฃ ื ืึธืš ืื™ื”ื ื”ืึธื˜ ื–ื™ืš ื’ืขืœืึธื–ื˜ ื”ืขืจืขืŸ 
ืื™ื™ืŸ ืืงืึทืžืคึผืึทื ื™ืžืขื ื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ื”ืขื ื™ื‘'ืก ื ืึธื–ืœืขื›ืขืจ, ืฐืึธืก ืฐืึธื‘ืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืš 
ื’ืขืึทืจื‘ื™ื™ื˜ ื ื™ื˜ ืฉืœืขื›ื˜, ื”ืึธื˜ืฉ ืขืจ ื”ืึธื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืึทืœืข ืžืึธืœ ืึทืœื™ื™ืŸ ืื•ื™ื- 
ื’ืขื—ืึทืคึผื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื—ืจืึธืคึผืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ ื’ืขื‘ืขืœืขื‘ืขื˜ืฉืขื˜ ืžื™ื˜ ื“ืขืจ ืฆื•ื ื’, 
ื•ื™ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืฉื˜ื™ื™ื ืขืจ ืื™ื– : 


-- ืื™ื™ื ื’ืขืžื™ืขื“ื˜ ื–ืขื”ืจ ืฐืึธืก ื‘ื™ืŸ ื’ืขืœืึธืคืขืŸ ืื™ืš ืคื™ืขืจ ื•ื•ืขืจืกื˜ 
ื’ื•ื˜ืข, ืึทืœืฅ ืžื•ืจื ื’ืขื”ืื˜ ื˜ืึธืžืขืจ ื—ืœื™ืœื” ืคืึทื”ืจื˜ ืขืจ ืึถืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืคึผืึทืงื˜ 
ืกื™ืš, ื“ืขืจ ืคึผืจื™ืกื˜ืึทืฐื• ื”ื™ื™ืกื˜ ืขืก.. 


ื ืึธืจ ื“ืขืจ ื˜ืขืคึผืœื™ืงืขืจ ื ื’ื™ื“ ืฉืœื•ื-ื‘ืขืจ ื˜ืขืคึผืœื™ืงืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ื˜ืขืคึผ- 
ืœื™ืš ืื•ืŸ ื‘ืขืจืข? ื“ืขืจ ืจื•ื™ื˜ืขืจ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื ื™ื˜ ื’ืขืฉืœืึธืคืขืŸ. ื“ืขืจ ื ื’ื™ืš 
ื”ืึธื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืฉื˜ืืจืก ืคืขืจืื™ื ื˜ืขืจืขืกื™ืจื˜ ืฆื• ื•ื•ื™ืกืขืŸ, ืฐืึธืก ืคืืจ ืึท ื‘ืกืฉืช 
ื”ืึธื˜ ืฆื• ืื™ื”ื ื‘ืขืจืขืœ ื’ืขื”ืึทื˜ ื“ืขืžืึธืœื˜ ืื™ืŸ ื—ื™ื™ืกื™ืŸ ืื•ื™ืค'ืŸ ื™ืจื™ืš, 
ืื•ืŸ ื‘ืขืจืข? ื“ืขืจ ืจื•ื™ื˜ืขืจ ื”ืึธื˜ ืื™ื”ื ืฆื•ืœื™ืขื‘ ื’ืขื˜ื”ืึธืŸ ืื•ืŸ ื”ืึธื˜ ืื™ื”ื 
ื“ืขืจืฆืขื”ืœื˜ ื“ื™ ืžืขืฉื”, ืฐืึธืก ืžื™ืจ ื’ืขื‘ืขืŸ ื–ื™ ืื™ื‘ืขืจ ืžื™ื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืื™ื™ื’ืข- 
ื ืขืจ ืฉืคึผืจืึทืš, ืฐืึธืจื˜ ื‘ื™ื™ ืฐืึธืจื˜. 


ืขื–ืืค ื ื’ื’ืืกื•ืคืคืืžื ื’ืขื ืง 


84 ' ืฉืœื•ื-ืขืœื™ื›ื 


ืงืืคื™ื˜ืข? ื–. 
ืึท ื ืืจื™ ืฉืงื™ื™ื˜ ื’ืขื“ืขื ืงื˜ ื–ื™ืจ 


- ื”ืึธื˜ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืคืึทืจืื™ื‘ืข? ื ื™ื˜, ืึท ื ืืจื™ืฉืงื™ื™ื˜ ื’ืขื“ืขื ืงื˜ ื–ื™ืš. -- 
ืึทื–ืฑ ื”ื•ื™ื‘ื˜ ืึธืŸ ื‘ืขืจืขืœ ื“ื™ ืžืขืฉื” ืžื™ื˜ ื 5ืขื‘ืขื“ื™ื ืขืŸ ื˜ืึธืŸ, ื•ื™ 
ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืฉื˜ื™ื™ื ืขืจ, --- ื’ืขืงื•ืžืขืŸ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืื™ืš ืงื™ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ื™ืกื™ืŸ ื ื™ื˜ ืื•ื™ืคืฅืŸ 
ื™ืจื™ื“ืจ; ืžื™ื™ื ืข ืึธื›ืกืขืŸ ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ ื–ื™ืš ื ืึธืš ื’ืขื”ืึทื“ืขืฐืขื˜ ืื•ืŸ ืžื™ื™ื ืข 
ืฉื™ืคืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืค'ืŸ ื™ื ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื ืึธืš ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ื•ื•ื™ื™ื˜. ืฐืึธืก ื–ืฉืข ื”ืึธื‘ ืื™ืš 
ื’ืขื˜ื”ืึธืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื”ื™ื™ืกื™ืŸ ืื•ื™ืค'ืŸ ื™ืจื™ืจ, ื•ื•ื™ืœื˜ ืื™ื”ืจ ื•ื•ื™ืกืขืŸ? ืื™ืš ื‘ื™ืŸ 
ื’ืขืงื•ืžืขืŸ ืึธื ืงื•ืงืขืŸ ืึท ื—ืชืŸ ื’ืืจ ืคืึทืจ ืžื™ื™ืŸ ืžื™ื™ื“ืขืœ, ื“ื™ ืขืœื˜ืขืจืข 
ื”ื™ื™ืกื˜ ืขืก, ืคื•ื 'ื ืขืจืฉื˜ืขืŸ ื•ื•ื™ื™ื‘. ื›'ื”ืึธื‘ ืžื™ืš ืžื™ื™ืฉื‘ ื’ืขืฐืขืŸ 
ืคืึทืจืฉื˜ืขื”ื˜ ืื™ื”ืจ ืžื™ืš, ื“ืึธืก ืขืจืฉื˜ืข ืงื™ื ื“, ืึท ื™ืชื•ืžื”, ื—ืึธื˜ืฉ 
ืืคื™ื›ื• ืึท ื™ื•ื ื’ ืงื™ื ื“, ื ืึธืจ ื ืฉื˜ื™ืคืžืึทืžืข ืคึผื™ืงื˜ ืื™ืŸ ืงืึธืคึผ ืึทืจื™ืŸ, 
ืื™ืš ื–ืึธืœ ื–ื™ ื—ืชื•ื ื” ืžืึทื›ืขืŸ, ื—ืึธื˜ืฉ ืคืจืขื’ื˜ ื–ื™, ืฐืึธืก ื•ื•ืขื˜ ืื™ื”ืจ 
ืืจื•ื™ืคืงื•ืžืขืŸ, ืื• ืื™ืš ื•ื•ืข ื–ื™ ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ื—ืชื•ื ื” ืžืึทื›ืขืŸ? ืฐืขืจ ืฐืขื 
ืื™ื”ืจ ื”ืขืœืคืขืŸ ืงืึทื›ืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ ื‘ืึทืงืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืฆืฐืึธื’ืขืŸ ื“ื™ ืงืœื™ื™ื ืข ืงื™ื ืจืขืจ, 
ืื•ืŸ ื•ื•ืขืžืขืŸ ืฐืขื˜ ื–ื™ ืฉืขืœื˜ืขืŸ, ื˜ืจืึทื ืขืŸ ืคืึทืจ ื“ื™ ืฆืขืคึผ? ื ืึธืจ ื’ืขื” 
ืจืขื“ ืžื™ื˜ ื ืื™ื“ื™ื ืข! ื‘ืงื™ืฆื•ื“, ืก'ืื™ื– ื’ืขื‘ืœื™ื‘ืขืŸ ื—ืชื•ื ื” ืžืึทื›ืขืŸ. 
ื ืึธืจ ืก'ืื™ื– ื’ืจื™ื ื’ ืฆื• ื–ืึธื’ืขืŸ + ื—ืชื•ื ื” ืžืึทื›ืขืŸ ! ืžื™ื˜ ืฐืึธืก? ืžื™ื˜ 
ื“ื™ ืคื™ื ืฃ ืคื™ื ื’ืขืจ ? ืื™ืŸ ืื•ื ื–ืขืจ ื’ืจืึทื“, ืฐื•ื™ ื ื™ื˜ ืฐื™ --- ืื•ื™ืกืงืœื™ื™ื“ืขืŸ 
ื“ืึทืจืฃ ืžืขืŸ ืขืก ืจืขื“ื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืึทื–ืฑ ,ืื•ื™ืกืงืœื™ื™ื“ืขืŸ"; ืžื™ื™ื ืขืŸ ืžื™ื™ื ื 
ืžืขืŸ ืึท ืงืœื™ื™ื“ืขืœ ืึท ืกื™ืฆืขื ืก, ืื•ืŸ ืึท ืคึผืึทืจ ืฉื™ืš ืื•ืŸ ื–ืึธืงืขืŸ, ืื•ืŸ 
ื”ืขืžื“ืขืจ ื”ืึธื˜ืฉ ืึท ื”ืึทืœื‘ ื˜ื•ืฅ, ืื•ืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื‘ืขื˜-ื’ืขืฐืึทื ื˜ ืฉืžื•ืขืกื˜ 
ืžืขืŸ ื ื™ื˜, ืึท ืคึผืึทืจ ืงื™ืฉืขื ืก, ืึทื™ื™ืŸ ืื™ื‘ืขืจื‘ืขื˜, ื ืฉื˜ื™ืงืข? ืงืึธืœื“ืจืข... 
ืื•ืŸ ืฐื•ื™ ืึทื–ืฑ, ืื™ืš ื‘ืขื˜ ืื™ื™ืš, ื ื™ื˜ ืžืขืŸ ื ื™ื˜ ื—ืึธื˜ืฉ ืึทื–ืึท ื”ื•ื ื“ืขืจ" 
ื˜ืขืจ ื ื“ืŸ? ืื•ืŸ ื“ืึธ ืื™ื– ื ื™ื˜ืึธ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ื”ื•ื ื“ืขืจื˜ ืงืึธืคึผื™ืงืขืก ืืคื™ืœื•. 
ืื•ืŸ ืฐื•ื™ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืฆื• ืœื”ื›ืขื™ืก, ื–ืขืฆื˜ ืขืจ ืžื™ืจ ืžื™ื˜ ื‘ืจื™ืขืฃ, ืžืฉื”-ืื”ืจืŸ 


ืกื•ืž'ืŸ ืขืžืื / | 85 


ื“ืขืจ ืฉื“ื˜ืŸ, ื™ืžื— ืฉืžื•, ืื™ื”ืจ ื“ืืจืคื˜ ืื™ื”ื ืงืขื ืขืŸ, ืื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ืจื™ืขืฃ 
ื ืึธื›'ืŸ ืื ื“ืขืจืขืŸ, ืื– ืก'ืื™ืŸ ืคืึทืจื”ืืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื—ื™ื™ืกื™ืŸ, ืฉืจื™ื™ื‘ื˜ ืขืจ ืžื™ืจ, 
ืื™ื™ืŸ ืื ื˜ื™ืงืข?, ื ืžืฆื•ืื”, ืื™ื™ื ืก ื‘ื™ื™ ื’ืึธื˜, ื“ืึธืก ืึทื ื“ืขืจืข ื‘ื™ื™ 
ื™ืขื ืงืข? ื“ืขื ืกื˜ืึธืœืขืจ, ื ื‘ื—ื•ืจ'ืข? ืคื•ืŸ ื ื’ืขืžื™ื™ื ืขื ื’ืจืื“, ื ืึธืจ ืึท 
ื’ืขืจืื˜ืขื ืขืจ, ืžื™ื˜ ืœืขืจื ืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ืฉืจื™ื™ื‘ืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ืฉืคื™ืขืœืขืŸ 
ืื•ื™ืค'ืŸ ืคื™ืขื“ืข? -- ืกืข ืขืงื˜ ื–ื™ืš ื ืึธืจ ื“ื™ ื•ื•ืขืœื˜ ืžื™ื˜ ืื™ื”ื ! ืฉืจื™ื™ื‘ 
ืื™ืš ืื™ื”ื ืื•ื•ืขืง, ืžืฉื—-ืื—ืจื 'ืขืŸ ื”ื™ื™ืกื˜ ืขืก, ื ื‘ืจื™ื•ืข?, ืึทืŸ ืขืจ" 
ืฉื˜ืขื ื˜, ื”ืืœื˜ ืื™ืš ื ืึธืš ื ื™ื˜ ื‘ื™ื™ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืฉื“ื•ืš, ืฆื•ื•ื™ื™ื˜ืขื ื˜, ื“ืึทืจืฃ 
ืื™ืš ื•ื•ื™ื˜ืขืŸ, ื•ื•ื™ืคื™ืข? ืฐื™? ืขืจ ื ื“ืŸ, ื˜ืึธืžืขืจ ืื™ืŸ ื“ืึธืก ื ื™ื˜ ืคืึทืจ 
ืžื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ื™ื˜ืข?? ืื•ืŸ ื“ืจื™ื˜ืขื ืก, ืœืึธื– ืงื•ืžืขืŸ ื™ืขื ืงืข? ื“ืขืจ ืคึผื˜ืึธืœืขืจ 
ืคืจื™ื”ืขืจ ืืงืืจืฉื˜ ืึธื ืงื•ืงืขืŸ ื“ื™ ื›ืœื”.. ืงื•ืžื˜ ืžื™ืจ ืึธืŸ ืฆื•ืจื™ืง ื 
ื‘ื“ื™ืขืฃ ืคื•ืŸ ืื™ื”ื ื˜ืึทืงื™, ืคื•ืŸ ืžืฉื—-ืื—ืจื 'ืขืŸ ื”ื™ื™ืกื˜ ื“ืึธืก, ืึทื– ื“ืึธืก, 
ืฐืึธืก ืื™ืš ืฉืจื™ื™ื‘, ืื–ืŸ ืื™ืšืฃ ื”ื˜ืœื˜ ื ื™ื ื‘ื™ื™ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืฉื“ื•ืš -- ืื™ 
ื‘ืœืื˜ืข, ืฐืึธืจื•ื ืขืจ ื’ืขื”ื˜ ืžื™ื˜ ื“ืขื ื’ืึทื ื , ืึทื– ืึท ืžื™ื™ื“ืขืœ? ืื™ืŸ ื ื™ื˜ 
ืคื™ื™ืŸ ื™ื•ื ื’ืขืœ --- ืฐืึธืก ื–ืึธื ื˜ ืื™ื—ื”ืจ ืืฑื™ืฃ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืื•ื™ืคื˜ื”ื•? -- ืื•ืŸ 
ื“ืึธืก, ืฐืึธืก ืื™ืš ืคืจืขื’ ื–ื™ืš ื ืึธืš ืžื›ื•ื— ื ื“ืŸ, ืื™ื– ื“ืึธืก ื’ืœืื˜, ื–ืึธื ื˜ ืขืจ, 
ืคื•ืŸ ืžื™ืจ ื ื’ืจื•ื™ื ื ืืจื™ืฉืงื™ื™ื˜. ืžืข ืจืขื“ื˜ ื“ืขืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ืื™ื™ืŸ ืื›ื˜, ื˜ืข 
ื–ืึธืœ ื–ื™ืš, ื–ืึธื ื˜ ืขืจ, ื“ืืจืžืขืŸ ื“ื™ื ื’ืขืŸ 4 ืื–ื•ื™ ื˜ืึทืงื™ ืฉืจื™ื™ื‘ื˜ ืขืจ ืžื™ืจ. 
ืื•ืŸ ืžื›ื•ื— ืื ืงื•ืงืขืŸ ืžื™ื™ืŸ ื˜ืึธื›ื˜ืขืจ ืื™ืŸ, ื–ืึธื’ื˜ ืขืจ, ืึตื™ื™ืŸ ืื™ื‘ืขืจื™ื’ืข 
ื–ืืš ื’ื ืืจ ืฐืึธืจื•ื ืก'ืื™ื– ื ืœื™ื™ืš ื•ื™ ืึทื ื’ืขืงื•ืงื˜. ื’ืขื•ืขืŸ ืขืคึผื™ื ืื•ื•" 
ื ืขืจ ื ื”ื™ื™ืกื™ื ืขืจ ื‘ื™ื™ ืžื™ืจ ืื™ืŸ ืฉื˜ื•ื‘, ืงืึธืŸ ืขืจ ื–ื™ืš, ื–ืึทื ื˜ ืขืจ, ื ืึธืšืจ 
ืคื•ืŸ ืื™ื”ืจ ื ื™ื˜ ืืคึผืœื•ื™ื‘ืขืŸ ! ื‘ืงื™ืฆื•ืจ, ื‘ืจื™ืขืฃ ืื”ืขืจ, ื‘ืจื™ืขืฃ ืึทื—ื™ืŸ -- 
ืื™ืš ื”ืึธื‘ ื’ืขื ื•ืžืขืŸ ื“ื™ ืคื™ืก ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื™ ืคึผืœื™ื™ืฆืขืก ืื•ืŸ ื”ืึธื‘ ืขื•ืœื” ืจื’ืœ 
ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ, ืฆื• ืคื•ื ื—ื™ื™ืกื˜ ื“ืึธืก, ืงื™ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ื™ืกื™ืŸ. ื’ืขืงื•ืžืขืŸ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ื™ืกื™ืŸ 
ืื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจื–ืขื”ืขืŸ ื“ืขื ื‘ื—ื•ืจ, ื‘ื™ืŸ ืื™ืš ืฆื• ืื™ื”ื ืฆื•ื’ืขื–ืึธื“ืขืŸ ื’ืขืฐืึธืจืขืŸ ! 
ืฐืึธืก ื–ืึธืœ ืื™ืš ืื™ื™ืš ื–ืึธื ืขืŸ ? ืื™ืš ื—ื˜ื‘ ื ืึธืš ืื–ื ืžื™ืŸ ืื ื˜ื™ืง ื–ื™ื ื˜ 
ืื™ืš 5ืขื‘, ื–ื™ื ื˜ ืื™ืš ืฉื˜ืขื” ืื•ื™ืฃ ืžื™ื™ื ืข ืคื™ืก, ื ื™ื˜ ื’ืขื–ืขื”ืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ ื ื™ื˜ 
ื’ืขื”ืขืจื˜ ืืคื™ืœื• { ืžื™ืœื, ืึท ืคึผื ื™ื --- ื ืคึผืจื™ื ืฅ {; ืึท ืงืึธืคึผ -- ืึท ืžื™ื ื™ื˜- 
ื˜ืขืจ; ืึท ืž? -- ืคึผืขืจืข?; ื ื”ืื ื“ -- ื’ืึทืœื“! ื“ืึธื˜ ืœืขืจืขื ื˜, 
ื“ืึธืก ืจืขื“ื˜, ื“ืึธืก ืฉืจื™ื™ื›ื˜ ืื•ืŸ ื“ืึธืก ืœื™ื™ืขื ื˜ -- ืื•ื™ืกืงื•ืฉืขืŸ ื“ืึทืจืฃ 


88 ืฉืœื•ื-ืขืœื™ื›ื 


ืžืขืŸ ืื™ื”ื ืื™ื˜ืœื™ื›ืก ืื‘ืจ ! ื”ื™ื™ื ื˜ ืฉืคึผื™ืขืœื˜ ื“ืึธืก ืื•ื™ืค'ืŸ ืคื™ืขื“ืขืœ -- 
ืึท ื›ืคึผืจื—ื”, ื”ืขืจื˜ ืื™ื”ืจ, ืึทืœึถืข ืฉืคึผื™ืขืœืขืจืก ืžื™ื˜ ืึทืœืข ื›ืœื™-ื–ืžืจ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจ 
ื•ื•ืขืœื˜ ! ืื™ืš ื•ื•ื™ื™ืก ื’ืึธืจื ื™ื˜, ื•ื•ืื• ื•ื•ืขืจื“ ืึทื–ืขืœื›ื ื’ืขื‘ื•ื™ืจืขืŸ 4 ืฐืึธืก 
ื˜ื•ื™ื’ ืึทื™ื™ืš, ืขืจ ื”ืึธื˜ ืžื™ืš ื’ืขืคึผืœืขืคื˜, ื“ืขืจ ืฉืงืึธืฅ, ืื•ืŸ ืื™ืš ื”ืึธื‘ ืžื™ืจ 
ื’ืขื ืขื‘ืขืŸ ื“ืึธืก ืฐืึธืจื˜, ืึทื– ืก'ื–ืึธืœ ื–ื™ืš ืงืขื”ืจืขืŸ ื“ื™ ื•ื•ืขืœื˜, ืื™ืš ืžื•ื– 
ืื™ื”ื ื ืขืžืขืŸ ืคืืจ ื ื—ืชืŸ! ื ืึธืจ ื’ืขื” ื ืขื, ืึทื– ืกืข ื ืขืžื˜ ื–ื™ืš ื ื™ื˜ ! 
ื ื™ืฉื˜ืึธ ืžื™ื˜ ืฐืึธืก, ื—ืึธื˜ืฉ ืœืขื’ ื–ื™ืš ืื•ืŸ ืฉื˜ืึทืจื‘ ! ืื™ื™ืŸ ื”ื•ื ื“ืขืจื˜ืขืจ 
ืื™ืš ื–ืึธืœ ื”ืึธื˜ืฉ ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ, ื“ืึธืก ื”ื™ื™ืกื˜, ื—ืึธื˜ืฉ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืื™ื‘ืขืจื“ืจืขื”ืขืŸ 
ื–ื™ืš, ืื™ื”ืจ ืคืืจืฉื˜ืขื”ื˜ ืึท ืžืขืฉื” ? ืฐืึธืจื•ื ื“ืขื ื‘ื—ื•ืจ ืึทืœื™ื™ืŸ ื”ืึธื˜ 
ื ื™ื˜ ืื•ื™ืกื ืขืžืึทื›ื˜ ื ืึธืจ ื ื™ื˜, ื ืขื‘ ืื™ื”ื ื™ืึธ, ื’ื ืขื‘ ืื™ื”ื ื ื™ื˜; ื“ืขืจ 
ืกื˜ืึธืœืขืจ, ื™ืžื— ืฉืžื•, ื”ืึธื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืึธื‘ืขืจ ื’ืขืฉื˜ืขืœื˜ ืื™ื™ืŸ ืžืึธืœ ืคืึทืจ ืึทืœืข 
ืžืึธืœ, ืขืก ืžืขื’ ืคืงื•ืžืขืŸ ื“ื™ ื‘ืช-ืžืœื›ื” ืึทืœื™ื™ืŸ, ืฐื•ืขื˜ ืขืจ ืื™ื”ื ืึถื”ืŸ ื ื“ืŸ 
ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืคึฟืึธื–ืขืŸ ื ืขื”ืŸ ืฆื• ื“ืขืจ ื—ื•ืคึผื”, ืžืข ื–ืึธืœ ืื•ื™ืคืœื•ื™ืคืขืŸ. ,ืจื‘ ืžืฉืช- 
ืื”ืจืŸ, ื–ืึธื’ ืื™ืš, ืฐืึธืก ืฉื•ื•ื™ื™ื’ื˜ ืื™ื—ืจ 4" ,ืฐืึธืก, ื–ืึธื’ื˜ ืขืจ, ื–ืึธืœ ืื™ืš 
ืฉืจื™ื™ืขืŸ ? ื’ึดื™ื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืขืคึผื™ืก ืึทึตื™ื™ืŸ ืขืฆื”, ื–ืึธื’ื˜ ืขืจ, ืฐืึธืจื•ื ืก'ืื™ื– ืฉืœืขื›ื˜. 
ืžื™ื˜ ื“ืขื ืกื˜ืึธืœืขืจ, ื–ืึธื ื˜ ืขืจ, ืฐืขื˜ ืื™ื”ืจ ื’ืึธืจื ื™ื˜ ืžืึทื›ืขืŸ, ืก'ืื™ื– 
ืึท ื‘ื™ื˜ืขืจืขืจ ื™ื•ื ื’, ืื™ืš ื”ืึธื‘ ืื™ื”ื ืฉื•ื™ืŸ, ื–ืึธื ื˜ ืขืจ, ืึทืœื™ื™ืŸ ื’ืขืฐืึธืœื˜ 
ื’ืขื‘ืขืŸ ื ืขื›ื˜ืขืŸ ืžื™ื˜'ืŸ ื”ืขื‘ืขืœ ืื™ื‘ืขืจ'ืŸ ืงืึธืคึผ!" ืื™ื”ืจ ื”ืขืจื˜ ื•ืขืจ- 
ื˜ืข ? ืื•ืŸ ื“ืึธ ื“ืขืจ ื—ืชืŸ ื“ืจืขื”ื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืคืึทืจ ื“ื™ ืื•ื™ื ืขืŸ, ื ืขืžื˜ ืฆื• 
ื‘ื™ื™ ืกื™ืจ ืึท ืฉื˜ื™ืง ื—ื™ื•ืช. ืื™ืš ืคื™ื”?, ืึทื– ืžืžืฉ ืื™ืš ืขืง ื–ื™ืš, ืื™ืš 
ื’ืขื”-ืื•ื™ืก, ืื™ืš ืฉื˜ืืจื‘. ืึถื˜-ืึธื˜ ืฉื˜ืึทืจื‘ ืื™ืš !... ื“ืขืจื•ื•ื™ื™ืœ, ืื™ืš 
ื˜ื”ื• ืึท ืงื•ืง ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ืขืจ ืื›ืคื ื™ื” -- ืจื‘ ืฉืœื•ื-ื‘ืขืจ ื˜ืขืคึผืœื™ืงืขืจ! 
ื’ืึธื˜ ืึทืœึฟืฒืŸ, ื˜ืจืึทื›ื˜ ืื™ืš ืžื™ืจ, ื”ืึธื˜ ืึทื™ื™ืš ื’ืขื‘ืจืึทื›ื˜ ! ืื•ืŸ ืื™ืš ื‘ื™ืŸ 
ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืคื•ื™? ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ืขืจ ืคึผืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ ื ืขื”-ืฆื• ืฆื• ืื™ื™ืš ืื•ืŸ ืฉื˜ืขืง ืึทื™ื™ืš 
ืึธืคึผ ืึท ื‘ืจื™ื™ื˜ืขืŸ ืฉืœื•ื-ืขืœื™ื›ื, ืึทืฉื˜ืฒื ืขืจ, ื•ื™ ื“ืึธ ืึทืฆื™ื ื“. ืฐืึธืก 
ืžื™ื™ืŸ ืื™ืš ? ืื™ืš ืžื™ื™ืŸ, ืึทื– ืžืกืชืžื ื•ื•ืขื˜ ืื™ื”ืจ ืžื™ืš ืึท ืคืจืขื’ ื˜ื”ื•ืŸ, 
ืฐืึธืก ื˜ื”ื• ืื™ืš ืื™ืŸ ื”ื™ื™ืกื™ืŸ 4 ืฐืขืœ ืื™ืš ืื™ื™ืš ื–ืึธื’ืขืŸ --- ืึท ืฉื™ื“ื•ืš ; 
ื•ื•ืขื˜ ืื™ื”ืจ ืžื™ืš ืคืจืขื ืขืŸ ;: ืฐืึธืกืขืจ ืฉื™ื“ื•ืš ? ืขืœ ืื™ืš ืื™ื™ืš ื–ืึธื’ืขืŸ --- 
ืžื™ื˜ ื™ืขื ืงืข? ื“ืขื ืกื˜ืึธืœืขืจ; ืฐืขื˜ ืื™ื”ืจ ืคืจืขื ืขืŸ: ืฐืึธืก ื’ืขื‘ ืื™ืš 
ื ื“ืŸ ? ืฐืข? ืื™ืš ืื™ื™ืš ื–ืึธื’ืขืŸ --- ืึธื˜ ื“ืึธืก ืื™ื– ื˜ืึทืงื™ ื“ืขืจ ื ืึทื ืฆืขืฃ 


ืžื™ื˜'ืŸ ืขืžืึธื˜ 81 


ืื•ืžื ืœื™ืง, ืฐืึธืก ื“ืขืจ ืกื˜ืึธืœืขืจ ื”ื™ื™ืกื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืึทื ื™ื“ืขืจืœืขื ืขืŸ ืึท ื”ื•ื ื“ืขืจ- 
ื˜ืขืจ, ืื•ืŸ ืื™ืš ื”ืึธื‘ ืึท ืคื™ื™ื , ื ื™ื˜ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ื”ื•ื ื“ืขืจื˜ืขืจ -- ืฐื•ืขื˜ ืฉื•ื™ืŸ 
ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืจืขื›ื˜, ืื™ื—ืจ ืคืึทืจืฉื˜ืขื”ื˜, ืฆื™ ื ื™ื™ืŸ ? ืฐื™ ื–ืฉืข ืื™ื– ืึธื‘ืขืจ ื“ืขืจ 
ื“ื™ืŸ, ืึทื– ืื™ื—ืจ ื”ืึธื˜ ืžื™ืš ืืคื™ืœื• ื ื™ื˜ ืึธื ื’ืขื”ื•ื™ื‘ืขืŸ ืฆื• ืคืจืขื’ืขืŸ, ืฐืึธืก 
ืื™ืš ื˜ื”ื• ืื™ืŸ ื”ื™ื™ืกื™ืŸ ? ื”ืึธื‘ ืื™ืš ืžื™ืš ื ื™ื˜ ื’ืขืคื•ื™ืœื˜ ืื•ืŸ ื”ืึธื‘ ืื™ื™ืš 
ืึทืœื™ื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจืฆืขื”ืœื˜, ืึทื– ืื™ืš ื‘ื™ืŸ ื’ืขืงื•ืžืขืŸ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืฆื•ืœื™ืขื› ื“ืขื ื™ืจื™ืจ, 
ื ืึธืจ ืžื›ื— ื ืฉื™ื“ื•ืš. ืฐืึธืก ื”ืึธื‘ ืื™ืš ื’ืขืžื™ื™ื ื˜ ? ืื™ืš ื”ืึธื‘ ื’ืขืžื™ื™ื ื˜ : 
ื•ื™ ืฐื•ืขื˜ ืื™ื”ืจ ืžื™ืš ื ื™ื˜ ืึท ืคืจืขื’ ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ, ืฐื•ืึธืกืขืจ ืฉื™ื“ื•ืš ? ืฐืข? ืื™ืš 
ืื™ื™ืš ื–ืึธื ืขืŸ: ืกื™ื˜ ื™ืขื ืงืข?ืœ ื“ืขื ืกื˜ืึธืœืขืจ; ืฐืขื˜ ืื™ื”ืจ ืคืจืขื’ืขืŸ: 
ืฐืึธืก ื’ืขื‘ ืื™ืš ื ื“ืŸ?4 ื•ืขืœ? ืื™ืš ืื™ื™ืš ื–ืึธื’ืขืŸ -- ื”ืขืจืกื˜ ื“ื•, ืึธื˜ 
ื“ืึธืก ืื™ื– ื“ืึธืš ื“ืขืจ ื’ืึทื ืฆืขืจ ืื•ืžื’ืœื™ืง !... ืฆื•ื ืกื•ืฃ --- ื•ื•ืขืจ ? ืฐืึธืก 4 
ืื™ื—ืจ ื”ื•ื™ื‘ื˜ ืืคื™ืœื• ื ื™ื˜ ืึธืŸ ืฆื• ืคืจืขื ืขืŸ! ื‘ื™ืŸ ืื™ืš ืžื™ืš ืžื™ื™ืฉื‘ ืื•ืŸ 
ื“ืขืจืฆืขื—? ืึตื™ื™ืš ืึทืœื™ื™ืŸ, ื•ื•ืขืจ ื“ืขืจ ืฉื™ื“ื•ืš ืื™ื–, ืื•ืŸ ืœื•ื™ื‘ ื“ืขื ื‘ื—ื•ืจ 
ืื™ืŸ ื˜ืึธื’ ืืจื™ื™ืŸ, ืฐื™ ื“ืขืจ ืืžืช ืื™ืŸ. ื”ืงื™ืฆื•ืจ, ืื™ืš ืจืขื“ ืื•ืŸ ืื™ื”ืจ 
ืฉื•ื•ื™ื™ื’ื˜ ! ืื™ืš ื–ืขื” ืึทืจื•ื™ืก, ืึทื– ืžื™ื™ื ืข ืฐืขืจื˜ืขืจ ืงืจื™ื›ืขืŸ ืื™ื™ืš, 
ืึทืคึผื ื™ื, ืฐื™ื ืฆื™ื’-ืฐืึธืก ืื™ืŸ ืงืึธืคึผ ืืจื™ื™ืŸ, ืฐื™ ื–ืึธื’ื˜ ืžืขืŸ, ืื™ืŸ ืื™ื™ืŸ 
ืื•ื™ื”ืขืจ ืืจื™ื™ืŸ, ืคื•ื 'ื ืื ื“ืขืจืขืŸ ืึทืจืฑืก; ื”ืึธื‘ ืื™ืš ืžื™ืฃ ืžื™ื™ืฉื‘ 
ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ : ืฐืึธืก ืฐืข? ืื™ืš ื“ืึธ ืฉืคึผื™ืขืœืขืŸ ืคึผืึธืœื™ื˜ื™ืง? ืึทืžืขื”ื”, ืœึนืึธื 
ืื™ืš ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ืึธืคึผื•ืึธื ืขืŸ ืึทืœืกื“ื™ื ื’, ืฐื™ ื–ืึทื ื˜ ืื™ื—ื”ืจ, ืึท ืฆืึธื”ืŸ ืืจื•ื™ืก- 
ื“ื™ื™ืกืขืŸ --- ืžื•ื˜'ืŸ ืฐืึธืจืฆืข? ! ืื•ื“ืื™ ื”ืึธื˜ ืื™ื”ืจ ืžื™ืจ ื“ืขืžืึธืœื˜ ืึดืžึผื™ 
ื’ืขื–ืึทื ื˜, ื•ื™ ื ื˜ื•ื™ื“ื˜ืขืŸ, ืื•ืŸ ื ืึธืš ื’ื•ื˜ ืึธืคึผื ืขื‘ืึธื“ืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืš ! 

--- ืื™ืš ื”ืึธื‘ ืื™ื™ืš ืึธืคึผื’ืขื‘ืึธื“ืขืŸ 4 ืฐืึธืก ื”ืึธื‘ ืื™ืš ืึตื™ื™ืš ื“ืขืŸ 
ื’ืขื–ืึธื’ื˜? + | 

--- ื•ื•ื™ืœื˜ ืื™ื—ืจ, ืื™ืš ื–ืึธืœ ืื™ื™ืš ื–ืึธื ืขืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ืึท ืกื™ืžืŸ? ื 
ื ืึทืจื™ืฉืงืฒื˜ ื ืขื“ืขื ืงื˜ ื–ื™ืš. ืื™ื”ืจ ื”ืึธื˜ ืžื™ืš ืืคื™ืœื• ื’ืขืคืžืจืขื’ื˜, ืฐืึธืก 
ืคืึทืจ ืึท ืžื—ื•ืชืŸ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืื™ืš ืžื™ื˜ ืื™ื™ืš, ืฐืึธืก ืื™ื—ืจ ื–ืึธืœื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืฆืขื•ื•ืืจืžืขืŸ 
ืื•ื™ืฃ ืžื™ืจ ืžื™ื˜ ื”ื•ื ื“ืขืจื˜ืขืจืก ? 


--- ืžืกืชืžื ื”ืึธื˜ ืื™ื”ืจ ืžื™ืจ ื ื™ื˜ ื’ืขื–ืึธื’ื˜, ืื•ื™ืฃ ืฐืึธืก ืื™ื”ืจ 
ื“ืึทืจืคื˜ื™.. 


8 ืฉืœื•ื-ืขืœื•ื›ื 


|-- ื ืืš ื ืžื™ืŸ ื–ืึธื ืขืŸ ! ื ืกื™ืžืŸ ื”ืึธื˜ ืื™ื—ืจ, ืื™ื—ืจ ื”ืึธื˜ ืžื™ืจ 
ืืคื™ืœื• ื“ืขืžืึธืœื˜ ืึท ื–ืึธื’ ื ืขื˜ื”ืึธืŸ: ืœืžืื™ ืื™ื”ืจ ืฐืึธืœึฐื˜ ื•ืขืœืขืŸ ื 
ืฉื™ื“ื•ืš ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ืจื•ื™ื˜ืฉื™ืœื“ืขืŸ ... ืื•ืŸ ืึทื– ืื™ืš ื”ืึธื‘ ืื™ื™ืš ื’ืขื–ืึธื’ื˜,. 
ืึทื– ืขืจ ืฉืคึผื™ืขืœื˜ ืื•ื™ืค'ืŸ ืคื™ืขื“ืข?, ื“ืขืจ ื—ืชืŸ ื”ื™ื™ืกื˜ ื“ืึธืก, ื”ืึธื˜ ืื™ื”ืจ 
ืžื™ืš ืึท ืคืจืขื’ ื ืขื˜ื”ืึธืŸ -- ืึท ื ืึทืจื™ืฉืงืฒื™ื˜ ื’ืขื“ืขื ืงื˜ ื–ื™ืš: ื•ืฐืึธืก 
ืขืคึผื™ืก ืื•ื™ืค'ืŸ ืคื™ืขืจืข?? ืคืึทืจ ืฐืึธืก ื ื™ื˜ ืื•ื™ืค'ืŸ ื˜ืจื•ืžื™ื™ื˜ ?"... ืžื™ืจ 
ื”ืึธื˜ ื–ื™ืš ื’ืขืขืงื˜ ื“ืึธื˜ ื—ื™ื•ืช, ื’ืขืคืึทืœืขืŸ ืฉื˜ื™ืงืขืจ ืคืœื™ื™ืฉ, ืื•ืŸ ืื™ื”ืจ 
ื”ืึธื˜ ื’ืขืžืื›ื˜ ื—ื•ื–ืง, ื’ืขื–ืึธื’ื˜ ื•ื•ืขืจื˜ืœืขืš. ืึทืคึผื ื™ื, ืก'ืื™ื– ืื™ื™ืš ื ืข- 
ื•ื•ืขืŸ ื’ื•ื˜ ืื•ื™ืค'ืŸ ื”ืืจืฆืขืŸ 9... 
ื“ืขืจ ื˜ืขืคึผืœื™ืงืขืจ ื ื’ื™ื“, ืฉืœื•ื-ื‘ืขืจ ื˜ืขืคึผืœื™ืงืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ื˜ืขืคึผืœื™ืก, ื”ืึธื˜ 
ืื•ื™ืกื’ืขื”ืขืจื˜ ื“ื™ ืกืžืขืฉื”, ื’ืขืฉื•ื•ื™ืฆื˜ ืื•ืŸ ื’ืขืฉื•ื™ื ืขืŸ. ืขืจ ื–ืึธืœ ื ืข- 
ื“ืขื ืงืขืŸ ืึทืงื•ืจืึธื˜, ื•ื™ ื“ื™ ืžืขืฉื” ืื™ื– ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ, ื’ืขื“ืขื ืงื˜ ืขืจ ื ื™ื˜; ื ืึธืจ 
ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืขืคึผื™ืก ื ืžืขืฉื— ืคื™ื˜ ืึท ื—ื•ื ื“ืขืจื˜ืขืจ -- ื“ืึธืก ื•ื•ื™ื™ืกื˜ ืขืจ 
ื’ืขื•ื•ื™ืก... ืื•ืŸ ืขืจ ืฉืขืžื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืคืึทืจ ื–ื™ืš ืืœื™ื™ืŸ, ืคืืจ ืฐืึธืก ื”ืึธื˜ ืขืจ 
ื“ืขืžืึธืœื˜ ืึธืคึผื ืขื–ืึธื’ื˜ ื ื’ืขืžื™ื™ื ืขื ืื™ื“ืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืื–ื ื–ืืš, ืฐืึธืก ืคืึทืจ 
ืื™ื”ื ืื™ืŸ ื“ืึธืก ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ื ืกืœื™ื™ื ื™ื ืงื™ื™ื˜ --- ืขืจ ื”ืึธื˜ ื’ืขื ื•ื  ื”ื•ื ื“ืขืจ- 
ื˜ืขืจืก, ืื•ืŸ ืคืึทืจ ื™ืขื ืขื ืฐืึธืœื˜ ื“ืึธืก ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ื›ืžื•ืฆื ืฉ9? ืจื‘. ืื•ืŸ 
ื“ื™ ืžืขืฉื” ืึทืœื™ื™ืŸ ืคืขืจืื™ื ื˜ืขืจืขืกื™ืจื˜ ืื™ื”ื ืฉื˜ืืจืง, ืื•ืŸ ืขืจ ื˜ื—ื•ื˜ ื 
ืคืจืขื’ ื‘ื™ื™ ื‘ืขืจืขืœ ื“ืขื ืจื•ื™ื˜ืขืŸ : 


--- ื ื•, ืื•ืŸ ืžื™ื˜'ืŸ ืฉื™ื“ื•ืš ืฐืึธืก ืื™ื– ื ืขืฐืึธืจืขืŸ ื‘ื™ื™ ืื™ื™ืš ? 

-- ื’ืึธืจื ื™ืฉื˜. 

--- ืฐืึธืก ื—ื™ื™ืกื˜ ื’ืึธืจื ื™ืฉื˜ ? 

--- ืขืจ ื”ืึธื˜ ื ื™ื˜ ื’ืขืฐืึธืœื˜, .ื“ืขืจ ืกื˜ืึธืœืขืจ ื”ื™ื™ืกื˜ ื“ืึธืก, ื”ืึธื˜ืฉ 
ื’ืขื‘ ืื™ื”ื ืึท ืงืจืขื ืง ! 

--- ืื•ืŸ ืื™ืขืจ ื˜ืึธื›ื˜ืขืจ ? ืื™ื™ืขืจ ืžื™ื™ื“ืขืœ? 

--- ืžื™ื™ืŸ ื˜ืึธื›ื˜ืขืจ ? ืึทื– ืึถืšึฐ ืื•ืŸ ื•ื•ืขื” ืื™ืŸ ืคื™ืจ! ื–ื™ ืœื™ื ื˜ 


ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ืœืึทื ื’ ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืขืจื“... ืื™ืš ืึทืœึตื™ื™ืŸ ื”ืึธื‘ ื–ื™ ื‘ืึทื’ืจืึธื‘ืขืŸ... ื ืข- 
ื ื•ืžืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ ื‘ืึทื’ืจืึธื‘ืขืŸ ืึท ืงื™ื ื“... ื“ืึธืก ื”ื™ื™ืกื˜, ืฐืึธืก ื‘ื™ืŸ ืื™ืš ืฉื•ืœ- 


ืคึฟื™ื˜'ืŸ ืขื˜ืึทืค 89 


ื“ื™ื ? ืคื•ืŸ ื–ื™ืš ื”ืึธื’ ืื™ืš ืงื™ื™ืŸ ื’ืขืœื˜ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื’ืขืงืึทื ื˜ ืžืึทื›ืขืŸ!.. 
ื’ืขืฐืฉึธืจื ื ืึธืš ื ื™ืึธื—ืจ, ื ืึธืš ืฆื•ื•ื™ื™, ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืื™ืจื™ืฉืขืจ ืคืึธื ืืกื˜ื™ืจ ืื™ืŸ 
ื ื™ื ืคึฟืึทืจื—ื˜ืŸ, ืื•ืŸ ื“ืึท ื“ื™ ืฉื˜ื™ืคืžืึทืžืข ืคึผื™ืงื˜ -- ื‘ืงื™ืฆื•ืจ, ืื™ืš ื”ืึธื‘ 
ื–ื™ ื—ืชื•ื ื” ื’ืขืžืึทื›ื˜ ืคึฟืึทืจ ืึตื™ื™ืŸ ืึทื™ื™ื ื‘ื™ื ื“ืขืจ, ืื™ืŸ ืึธืจืขืžืืŸ ื ืขื‘ืืš, 
8 ื’ืื ืฅ ืขื”ืจืœื™ื›ืขืจ ืืคื™ืœื•, ื ืึธืจ ื ืงืจืื ืงืขืจ, ื ื˜ืฉื˜ื›ืึธื˜ื ื™ืง, ืึดื‘ึผ" 
ื’ืขืžื•ื˜ืฉืขื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืขื˜ืœื™ื›ืข ื™ืึถื”ืจ ืื•ืŸ ืึทืฐืขืงื’ืขืฉื˜ืึธืจื‘ืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืื™ื‘ืขืจ- 
ื’ืขืœืึธื–ื˜ ืžื™ืจ ื ื™ืจื•ืฉื” ื“ืจื™ื™ ืื™ื™ื ื™ืงืœืขืš ื™ืชื•ืžื™ื, ืฐืึธืจื•ื ื–ื™ ื”ืึธื˜ 
ื–ื™ืš ืึธื ื’ืขื ื•ืžืขืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ืื™ื”ื ื“ื™ ื˜ืฉื˜ื›ืึธื˜ืงืข ืื•ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื ื™ึนืื”ืจ 
ืฉืจื•ื ืื™ื”ื ื ืึธื›ื’ืขืฉื˜ืึธืจื‘ืขืŸ, ื–ื™ื™ ืฆื• ืœืขื ื’ืขืจืข ื™ืึธื”ืจ. ืื™ื”ืจ ืคืืŸ. 
ืฉื˜ืขื”ื˜ ื ืžืขืฉื—ื” ? --- ืื•ืŸ ืึทืฆื™ื ื“, ืœื ื“ื™ ืื™ืš ื”ืึธื‘ ืืœื™ื™ืŸ, ืงื™ื™ืŸ 
ืขื™"ื”ืจืข, ืงื™ื ื“ืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ื‘ื™ื™ืจืข ื•ื•ื™ื™ื‘ืขืจ, ื‘ืึทื“ืืจืฃ ืื™ืš ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ ืืฑืฃ 
ื–ื™ืš ื ืึธืš ื“ืจื™ื™ ื™ืชื•ืžื™ืž'ืœืขืš. ื“ืขืจืคื˜ืจ ื–ืึธืœื˜ ืื™ื—ืจ ืึธื‘ืขืจ ืึธื ืงื•ืงืขืŸ 
ืงื™ื ื“ืขืจ, ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืขื™ืŸ-ื”ืจืข, --- ืื™ืš ื•ื•ื™ื™ืก ื ื™ื˜, ืฆื™ ืก'ืื™ื–ืŸ ืคืืจื—ื˜ืŸ ืื–ืขืœ- 
ื›ืข ื’ืขืจืึธื˜ืขื ืข ืงื™ื ื“ืขืจ ื‘ื™ื™'ื ื’ืจืขืกื˜ืขืŸ ื ื’ื™ื“, ืžืข ื–ืึธืœ ืื•ื™ืกืคืื”ืจืขืŸ 
ืจื™ ื’ืึทื ืฆืข ื•ื•ืขืœื˜ ! ;ื–ื™ื™ื“ืข, ื•ื•ืื•ื”ื™ืŸ ืคื™ื—ืจื˜ ืžืขืŸ ื“ื™ืš 74 -- ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ 
ื–ื™ ื ืขื‘ืืš ื ืคืจืขื’ ื’ืขื˜ื”ืึธืŸ ื‘ื™ื™ ืžื™ืจ, ื‘ืฉืขืช ื“ืขืจ ื—ืกืŸ ื”ืึธื˜ ื’ืข- 
ื”ื™ื™ื˜ืขืŸ ืžื™ืš ื ืขืžืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ,ื—ื“ืจ" ืืจื™ื™ืŸ. , ืงื™ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ื™ืกื™ืŸ, ื”ืึธื‘ ืื™ืš 
ื–ื™ื™ ื’ืขื–ืึธื ื˜, ืื•ื™ืฃ ืื™ื™ืŸ ื˜ืึธื’ ืคืึธื”ืจ ืื™ืš ืื”ื™ื ืฆื•ืฆื•, ืื™ืš ืขืœ ื˜ื™ื™ืš 
ื‘ืจืขื ื’ืขืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืึทืจื˜ืขืŸ, ื–ืึธื’ ืื™ืš, ื˜ืฉื™ืงืขืœืึทื“ !" ืžื™ื™ื ื˜ ืื™ื”ืจ, ื–ื™ื™ 
ื”ืื‘ืขืŸ ื ื™ื ืคืึทืจืฉื˜ืึทื ืขืŸ, ืึทื– ืื™ืš ื–ืึธื’ ืึท ืœื™ื ืขืŸ? ืื™ื”ืจ ื”ืึธื˜ ื‘ืึท- 
ื“ืึทืจืคื˜ ืึธื ืงื•ืงืขืŸ, ื•ื™ ื–ื™ื™ ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ ื–ื™ืš ืึทืœืข ื“ืจื™ื™ ืฉืจื•ืžื’ืขืฉื˜ืขืœื˜ ืืจื•ื 
ืžื™ืจ, ืฐื™ ื“ื™ ืฉืขืžืขืœืขืš, ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื’ืขืฐื•ื™ื™ื ื˜, ื’ื™ื™ืŸ ! ื ืึธืจ ื˜ืจืขืจืขืŸ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ 
ื’ืขืฉื˜ืึทื ืขืŸ ื‘ื™ื™ ื–ื™ื™ ืื•ื” ื“ื™ ืืฑื’ืขืœืขืš. ืื™ื—ืจ ืงืึธื ื˜ ืคืึทืจืฉื˜ืขื”ืŸ, 
ืฐืึธืก ื“ืึธืก ืื™ื– ืคืึทืจ ืงื™ื ื“ืขืจ, ืึทื– ื—ืžืŸ ืื™ืฐืึทื ืึธืฐื™ื˜ืฉ ืึทืœื™ื™ืŸ ื”ืึธื˜ 
ืฉืจื•ื™ืกื’ืขื ื•ืžืขืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืื™ื™ื’ืขื ืขืจ ืงืขืฉืขื ืข ืึท ื’ื™ืœื“ืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ ื”ืึธื˜ ื–ื™ื™ 
ื’ืขืฉืขื ืงื˜, ื–ื™ื™ ื–ืึธืœืขืŸ ื–ื™ืš ืงื•ื™ืคืขืŸ ืงืึทื ืžืขืงื˜ืขืŸ. 


60 / ืฉืœื•ืื™ืขืœื™ื›ื˜ 


ืงืึทืคึผื™ื˜ืขืœ ื—. 


ืฉื™ื™ืš ืฆื• ื” ืขื ื™ืš ื“ืขื ื‘ื›ื‘ื—ื•ืจ ืื•ืŸ ืฆื• ื–ื™ื™ืŸ 
ื”ื•ื™ื–ื’ืขื–ื•ื™ื ื“. 


ื‘ืขืจืขืœ ื“ืขืจ ืจื•ื™ื˜ืขืจ ืื™ื– ื‘ืขืฆื™ื™ื˜ืขื ืก ืึทื ืฉื•ื™ื ืขืŸ ื’ืขืฐืึธืจืขืŸ, 
ืืฑื™ืคื ืขืฉื˜ืึทื ืขืŸ ืคื•ื 'ื ืึธืจื˜, ื–ื™ืš ืื•ื™ืกื’ืขื ืœื™ื™ื›ื˜ ืึท ื‘ื™ืกืขืœ ื“ืขื 
ืงืจืึทื ืงืขืŸ ืคื•ื ืื•ืŸ ืื™ื– ืฆื•ื’ืขื’ืึทื ื’ืขืŸ ืฆื• ื”ืขื ื™ื›ืขืŸ, ื”ืึธื˜ ืื™ื”ื ืžื›ื‘ื“ 
ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ืึท ืฉื ืขืœ ืื™ืŸ ื ืึธื– ืึทืจื™ื™ืŸ. 

--- ื”ืขืจ ื ืึธืจ ื“ื•, ืฉืžื™ื ื“ืขืจ ื‘ื ืขืฅ, ื”ืึธืกื˜ ื–ื™ืš ื’ื•ื˜ ืื•ื™ืกื’ืข- 
ืฉืœืึทืžืขืŸ ? 

ื”ืขื ื™ืš ืžื™ื˜ ื“ืขืจ ื‘ืขืœืžืข ื”ืึธื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืคื•ื 'ื ืฉื ืขืœ ืืฑืคื’ืขื—ืึทืคึผื˜, 
ื–ื™ืš ืื•ื™ืกื’ืขืฐื•ื™ืฉื˜ ื“ื™ ืื•ื™ื’ืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจื–ืขื”ืขืŸ, ื“ืขืจ ื ื ื™ื“ ืงื•ืงื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ 
ืื™ื”ื, ื”ืึธื˜. ืขืจ ื–ื™ืš ื’ืขืฉื•ื•ื™ื ื“ ืื•ื™ืคื’ืขื”ื•ื™ื‘ืขืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืขืจื“, ืึธื - 
ื’ืขื”ื•ื™ื‘ืขืŸ ื‘ืขืœืขื‘ืขื˜ืฉืขืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ื“ืขืจ ืฆื•ื ื’, ื•ื™ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืฉื˜ื™ื™ื ืขืจ ืื™ืŸ: 

-- ื‘ื™ืŸ ื’ืึธืจ ื ื™ื˜ ืึธื ื’ืขื”ื•ื™ื‘ืขืŸ ืฉืœืึธืคืขืŸ, ืึทืœืฅ ื’ืขื˜ืจืึทื›ื˜ ื”ืึธื‘ 
ืื™ืš, ื˜ืึธืžืขืจ ื—ืœื™ืœื”, ื•ื™ ืื™ืš ื‘ื™ืŸ ืึท ืื™ื“, ืžื™ื™ืŸ ื“ื•ื“-ืœื™ื‘, ืžืข ื–ืึธื’ื˜ 
ืžื™ืจ ืžืขื”ืจ ืคื•ืŸ ืึทื›ืฆืขื—ืŸ ืึตื›ึธึผื˜, ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ ืงื™ื ื“ืขืจ ืฐืึธืก ืฐืขื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ? 

-- ืึท ื‘ื™ืกืขืœ ื ืœืฉื•ืŸ, ื‘ืจืขื ืขืŸ ื–ืึธืœ ืขืจ! -- ืžืึทื›ื˜ ื‘ืขืจืขืœ 
ื“ืขืจ ืจื•ื™ื˜ืขืจ ืฆื•ื ื ื’ื™ื“. -- ืึท ืจืขื›ื˜ืขืจ ืฉืœื™ื-ืžื–ืœ?! ืื™ื”ืจ ืงืึธื ื˜ 
ืคืึทืจืฉื˜ืขื”ืŸ, ืึทื– ืื™ืš ื‘ื™ืŸ ืงืขื’ืขืŸ ืื™ื”ื ื“ืขืจ ื ื’ื™ื“. ื“ืึธืก ื”ืึธื˜ ืขืจ 
ืžื™ืจ ืฆื• ืคืึทืจื“ืึทื ืงืขืŸ, ืฐืึธืก ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื“ื•ื“-ืœื™ื‘ ื”ืึธื˜ ืื™ืฆื˜ ืึทื–ืึท ืฉื˜ืขืœืข 
ืื•ืŸ ืงืึธืŸ ืืฑื™ืกื”ืึทืœื˜ืขืŸ, ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืขื™ืŸ-ื”ืจืข, ืึทื–ืึท ื’ืขื–ื™ื ื“ืขืœ ืคื•ืŸ ืึทื›ื˜ 
ืคึผื™ืงืขืจืก. 

--- ื ื™ื™ืขืŸ, ืงืขืจื˜ ืื™ื”ืจ ืžื™ื™ื ืขืŸ. -- ืคืขืจืจื™ื›ื˜ ืื™ื”ื ื”ืขื ื™ืš 
ืžื™ื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืื™ื‘ืขืจื’ืขืงืขื”ืจื˜ ืœืฉื•ืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ืขืจ ืœื™ื ืงืขืจ ื–ื™ื™ื˜. --- ืฆื•ื•ื™ื™ 
ื‘ืจื™ื“ืขืจ ืžื™ื˜ ื ืžืึทืžืข ืึตื™ืŸ ืืœื˜ืข, ืื•ืŸ ืึท ืžื™ื™ื“ืขืœ ืคื•ืŸ ืึท ื™ืึธื”ืจ 
ื“ืจื™ื™ืฆืขื”ืŸ ื“ื™ืขื ื˜, ืื•ืŸ ื ืึธืš ืึท ื‘ืจื•ื“ืขืจืขืœ ืึท ืงืœืขื ืขืจืก ืื™ืŸ ืึท ืงืœื™ื™ื˜ 
ื›ืœื•ืžืจืฉื˜, ืื•ืŸ ื ืึธืš ืžื™ื™ื“ืœืขืš ืฆื•ื•ื™ื™ ืงืœื™ื™ื ืข, ืžื™ื˜ ืื™ื™ื ืขื ืื™ืŸ ืชืœืžื•ื“ื™ 
ืชื•ืจื”, ืึท ื™ื•ื ื’ืขืจืขืจ, ื”ื™ื™ื ื˜ ื•ื•ืื• ื‘ื™ืŸ ืื™ืš ? 


ืžื™ื˜'ืŸ ืขืžืึทื 1 


--- ื“ื• ื‘ื™ื–ื˜ ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืขืจื“ ! --- ืžืึทื›ื˜ ืฆื• ืื™ื”ื ื‘ืขืจืขืœ. -- 
ื‘ื™ื–ื˜ ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ืึท ื‘ื—ืžื” ืื•ืŸ ื•ื•ืขืกื˜ ื‘ืœื™ื™ื‘ืขืŸ ืึท ืคืขืจื“ ! ืึทื–ื•ื™ ื•ื™ ืื™ื”ืจ 
ืงื•ืงื˜ ืื™ื—ื”ื ืึธืŸ, ืึธื˜ ื“ืขื ืคึผืขื˜ืืš, -- ืžืึทื›ื˜ ื‘ืขืจืข? ืฆื•ื ื ื’ื™ืš --- 
ื”ืึธื˜ ืขืจ ืึท ื‘ืจื•ื“ืขืจ ื“ื•ื“-ืœื™ื‘, ืื™ื– ืขืจ ืึท ืžื™ื ื™ืกื˜ืขืจ ืึทืงืขื’ืขืŸ ืื™ื”ื, 
ื“ืึธืก ื”ื™ื™ืกื˜, ืื™ื‘ืขืจื™ื’ ืงืœื•ื’ ืื™ื– ืขืจ ืื•ื™ืš ื ื™ื˜; ืขืจ ืื™ืŸ ืึท ืžื™ื˜ืขืœ- 
ืžืขืกื™ื’ืขืจ, ื“ืึธืก ื”ื™ื™ืกื˜, ื ื™ื˜ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ื’ืจื•ื™ืกืขืจ ื—ื›ื ืื•ืŸ ื ื™ื˜ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืงืคื™ื•- 
ื’ืขืจ ื ืึทืจ,. ืื™ื™ืŸ ืžืขืœื— ื”ืึธื˜ ืขืจ --- ืขืจ ืื™ื– ืึตื™ื™ืŸ ืขื”ืจืœื™ื›ืขืจ. ื“ืึธื˜ 
ื”ื™ื™ืกื˜, ื–ื™ื™ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืึทืœืข ืขื”ืจืœื™ื›ืข, ื—ืึทืคึผืขืŸ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ื™ื’ืข? ืคื•ื 'ื 
ืžืึทืจืง, ืงื•ืžื˜ ืฆื• ื’ืขื”ืŸ ืฆื• ืžื™ืจ ืื™ื™ื ืžืึธืœ ื“ื•ื“-ืœื™ื‘ ืื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจืฆืขื”ืœื˜ 
ืกื™ืจ ืึท ื’ืึทื ืฆืข ืžืขืฉื” : ื‘ืืฉืจ ืื™ืŸ ื—ื™ื™ืกื™ืŸ ื”ืึธื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืื•ื™ืกื’ืขื‘ื•ื™ืขื˜ 
ื ืฆื•ืงืขืจื’ื™ืข, ืื•ืŸ ื–ื™ ื’ืขื”ืขืจ, ื“ื™ ืฆื•ืงืขืจื ื™ืข ื”ื™ื™ืกื˜ ื“ืึธืก, ืฆื• ืจื‘ ื–ืœืžืŸ 
ืจืึทื“ืขืžื™ืฉืœืขืจ, ืื•ืŸ ืจื‘ ื–ืœืžืŸ ืจืึทื“ืขืžื™ืฉืœืขืจ ืื™ื– ื ืกืื“ืขื’ื™ืจืขืจ ื—ืกื™ืจ, 
ืื•ืŸ ืื™ืš ื‘ื™ืŸ ืึท ืกืึทื“ืขื’ื™ืจืขืจ ื—ืกื™ื“, ืื•ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืคืึธื˜ืขืจ ื‘ืขื ื™ ื˜ืขื›ืขืจ- 
ืœืขืงืขืจ, ืขืœื™ื• ื”ืฉืœื•ื, ืื™ื– ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ 8 ืกืึทื“ืขื ื™ืจืขืจ ื—ืกื™ื“, --- ื‘ื›ืŸ ื•ื•ื™ืœ 
ืขืจ, ื“ื•ื“-ืœื™ื‘ ื”ื™ื™ืกื˜ ื“ืึธืก, ืื™ืš ื–ืึธืœ ืžื™ืš ื–ืขื”ืขืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ืจื‘ ื–ืœืžืŸ ื•ืึท- 
ื“ืขืžื™ืฉืœืขืจ ืื•ืŸ ื–ืึธืœ ื‘ื™ื™ ืื™ื”ื ืคึผื•ืขืœ'ืขืŸ, ืืคืฉืจ ืฐื•ืขื˜ ืขืจ ืื™ื—ื ืฆื•- / 
ื ืขืžืขืŸ, ื“ื•ื“ื™ืœื™ื‘ืขืŸ ื”ื™ื™ืกื˜ ื“ืึธืก, ืงื™ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ื™ืกื™ืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ืขืจ ืฆื•ืงืขืจื ื™ืข, 
ืื™ื”ื ื’ืขื‘ืขืŸ ืขืคึผื™ืก ืึท ืฉื˜ืขืœืข. ,ืฐืึธืก ืคืึทืจ ื ืฉื˜ืขืœืข, ื›ื“ื•ืžื— ืœืžืฉืค, 
ืงืึทื ืกื˜ ื“ื•, ื–ืึธื’ ืื™ืš, ืคืึทืจื˜ืจืขื˜ืขืŸ ?? ื–ืึธื ื˜ ืขืจ ืฆื• ืžื™ืจ : ,ืฐืึธืกืขืจ 
ืก'ื ื™ื˜ ืื™ื–, ื–ืึธื’ื˜ ืขืจ, ืื‘ื™ ืึท ืฉื˜ืขืœืข". ,ืฉื˜ืขื—ืŸ ื–ืึธ?ึผืกื˜ ื“ื•, ื–ืึธื  
ืื™ืš, ืื™ืŸ ื’ืขื”ืืงื˜ืข ื•ื•ืื•ื ื“ืขืŸ, ืฐืึธืก ืงืึธื ืกื˜ ื“ื•?? ืฐืึธืก ืื™ืฃ 
ืงืึธืŸ ? --- ื–ืึธื’ื˜ ืขืจ. --- ืื™ืš ืงืึธืŸ ืึทืœืกื“ื™ื ื’ : ืื™ืš ืงืึธืŸ ืื™ ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื 'ืขืŸ, 
ืื™ ืจืขื›ืขื ืขืŸ, ืื™ ื‘ื•ื›ื”ืืœื˜ืขืจื™ืข, ืื™ ืฉืจื™ื™ื‘ืขืŸ, ืื™ ืคืืจืฉืจื™ื™ื‘ืขืŸ.... 
,ื•ื•ืื•, ื–ืึธื’ ืื™ืš, ื”ืึธืกื˜ ื“ื• ื“ืึธืก ืึทืœืกื“ื™ื ื’ ืื•ื™ืกื’ืขืœืขืจืขื ื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืคืฃ" 
,ืคื•ืŸ ื–ื™ืš ืึทืœึตื™ื™ืŸ", ืžืึทื›ื˜ ืขืจ ืฆื• ืžื™ืจ ืื•ืŸ ื ืขืžื˜-ืฉืจื•ื™ืก ื ื‘ื•ื™ื ืขืŸ 
ืคึผืึทืคึผื™ืขืจ ืื•ืŸ ื’ื™ื˜ ืžื™ืจ, ืื™ืš ื–ืึธืœ ื‘ืขื•ื•ื™ื™ื–ืขืŸ ืจื‘ ื–ืœืžื 'ืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื›ืชื‘, 
ื‘ืงื™ืฆื•ืจ, ืฐืึธืก ื˜ื•ื™ื’ ืื™ื™ืš, ืขืจ ื”ืึธื˜ ืžื™ืจ ืึทื–ืฑ ืœืึทื ื’ ื“ืขืงื•ื˜ืฉืขื˜, ื‘ื™ื– 
ืื™ืš ื”ืึธื‘ ืื™ื”ื ืื•ื™ืกื ืข'ื‘ื˜ืœ'ื˜ ืึทืœืข ื‘ื™ื™ื–ืข ื—ืœื•ืžื•ืช, ืื•ืŸ ื”ืึธื‘ ื–ื™ืฃ 
ืึทืฐืขืงื’ืขืœืึธื–ื˜ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ื—ื™ื™ืกื™ืŸ ืฆื• ืจื‘ ื–ืœืžืŸ ืจืื“ืขืžื™ืฉืœืขืจ, ืื•ืŸ ื“ื•ืงื, 
ื•ื™ ื–ืึธื ื˜ ืขืจ, ื—ืžืŸ ืื™ืฐืึทื ืึธืฐื™ื˜ืฉ, ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ ืจื’ืœื™ื. ื’ืขืงื•ืžืขืŸ ืกื™ื™ืŸ 


08 | - = ืฉืœื•ื"ืขืœื•ื›ื 


ื”ื™ื™ืกื™ืŸ ืฆื• ืจื‘ ื–ืœืžื 'ืขืŸ --- ืœืึธื–ื˜ ืžืขืŸ ืžื™ืš ื ื™ื˜ ืึทืจืฒืŸ. ืฐืึธืก ืื™ื– 
ื“ื™ ืžืขืฉื” ? ื–ืึธื’ื˜ ืžืขืŸ ืžื™ืจ; ืื•ื‘ ืื™ืš ื‘ื™ืŸ ื’ืขืงื•ืžืขืŸ ื ืœืึธื˜ ืึทื–ืฑ, 
ื”ืึธื˜ ืจื‘ ื–ืœืžืŸ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืฆื™ื™ื˜ ื ื™ื˜, ืื•ืŸ ืื•ื™ื‘ ืื™ืš ื“ืึทืจื” ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ ,ืคึผืึท- 
ื“ื™ืขืœื•", ื–ืึธืœ ืื™ืš ืกื™ืš ืžื˜ืจื™ื— ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืงืึทื ื˜ืึธืจ ืึทืจืฒืŸ. ื‘ื™ืŸ ืื™ืš 
ืกื™ืš ืžื™ื™ืฉื‘: ืคืข, ืกืข ืฉื˜ืขื”ื˜ ืคื™ืจ ื ื™ื˜ ืึธืŸ ื“ื™ ื ืึทื ืฆืข ืžืขืฉื”! 
ืฐืึธืก ืื™ื– ื“ืึธืก ืคืึทืจ ื ื“ื‘ื•ืจื™ื --- ื ื™ื˜ืึธ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืฆื™ื™ื˜ 4 ืคึผืึธ-ื“ื™ืขืœื•? 
ืงืึทื ื˜ืึธืจ ? ื‘ื™ื™ ืื•ื ื–, ืกืื“ืขื ื™ืจืขืจ, ื ืขื”ืขืŸ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืึธืŸ ื˜ื•ืขืœื›ืข ืฉื˜ื™ืง! 
ื ืขื”ื˜, ื–ืึธื’ ืื™ืš, ื–ืึธื’ื˜ ืจื‘ ื–ืœืžื 'ืขืŸ, ืึทื– ืื™ืš, ื‘ืขืจืข? ื“ืขืจ ืจื•ื™ื˜ืขืจ 
ืคื•ืŸ ื˜ืขืคึผืœื™ืง, ื‘ื™ืŸ ื ืขืงื•ืžืขืŸ ืฆื•ึน ืื™ื”ื ืžื›ื•ื— ื–ืขื”ืจ ื ื ืฑื™ื˜ื™ื ืขืŸ ืขื ื™ืŸ, 
ืื•ืŸ ื“ื•ืงื ื ื™ื˜ ืคึผืึธื“ื“ื™ืขืœื•, ืื•ืŸ ื“ื•ืงื ื‘ืืœื“, ืฐืึธืจื•ื ืื™ืš ื”ืึธื‘ ืงื™ื™ืŸ 
ืฆื™ื™ื˜ ื ื™ื˜ 71 ื–ืึทื ื˜ ืžืขืŸ ืžื™ืจ: ืจื‘ ื–ืœืžืŸ ื“ืึทืฐืขื ื˜, ืขืจ ื”ืืœื˜ ืคื•ืŸ 
ืคืืจืขื ื˜. ,ืื•ื‘ ืื–ื•ื™, ื–ืึธ; ืื™ืš, ืื™ื– ืขืคึผื™ืก ืึทื ื“ืขืจืฉ ! ื“ืื•ื•ื ืขืŸ ืคื•ืŸ 
ืคืืจืขื ื˜ ื“ืึทื•ืขืŸ ืื™ืš ืื•ื™ืš". ื”ืึธื˜ืฉ ืืคื™ืœื•, ืึทื– ืžืข ื™ืœ ืฉืžื•ืขืกืขืŸ 
ืฆื•ืจื™ืง, ืฐืึธืก ื’ืขื”ืขืจ ื–ื™ืš ืึธืŸ ืื™ื™ื ืก ืžื™ื˜ืŸ ืึทื ื“ืขืจืขืŸ? ืžืข ืงืึธืŸ 
ื“ืึทื•ื•ื ืขืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ืคืึธืจืขื ื˜ ืื•ืŸ ืึธืคึผืžืึทื›ืขืŸ ื‘ืฉืขืช ืžืขืฉื” ื˜ื•ื™ื–ืขื ื“ ื’ืข- 
ืฉืขืคืžืขืŸ. ื ืึธืจ ืฐื•ื™ ื“ื™ ืžืขืฉื” ืื™ื– --- ืึท ื ื ื™ื“ ืื™ื– ืขืจ ื“ืึธืš, ืื•ืŸ ืคืึทืจ 
8 ื ื ื™ืจ ื“ื˜ืจืฃ ืžืขืŸ ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ ื“ืจืšื™ืืจืฅ; ื ืกื™ืžืŸ -- ื•ืขืŸ ืื™ืš ื‘ื™ืŸ, 
ืงืžืฉืง, ืึท ื ื’ื™ื“, ืฐืึธืœื˜ ืคืึทืจ ืžื™ืจ ื“ื™ ื ืื ืฆืข ื•ื•ืขืœื˜ ื’ืขื”ืื˜ ื“ืจืšืฃ.- 
ืืจืฅ,.. ื‘ืงื™ืฆื•ืจ, ืื™ืš ื–ืขืฅ ืžื™ืš ืึทืฐืขืง ืื•ืŸ ื•ืืจื˜. ืื™ืš ืฐืึทืจื˜ = 
ืฉืขื— ืื•ืŸ ืฆื•ื•ื™ื™ ืื•ืŸ ื“ืจื™ื™, ืื•ืŸ ื“ื•ืงื ืื™ืŸ ื“ืจื•ื™ืกืขืŸ ื‘ื™ื™ ื“ืขืจ ื˜ื”ื™ืจ --- 
ืึท ืžืขืฉื” ืึธื”ืŸ ืึตื™ื™ืŸ ืขืง. ืื™ืš ื–ืขื”: ืžืขื ื˜ืฉืขืŸ ื ืขื”ืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ-ืื•ืŸ-ืืค, 
ื“ืขืจ ืฉืจื™ื™ืŸ, ื“ืขืจ ืึทืจืฑืก. ืคื•ืŸ ืงื™ืš ื“ืขืจื•ื•ื™ื™? ื˜ืจืึธื’ื˜ ืžืขืŸ ืกืึทืžืึธ- 
ืฐืึทืจืขืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ื›ืœ ื”ืžื™ื ื™ื ื ื•ื˜ืข ื–ืึทื›ืขืŸ... ืงืœืขืจ ืื™ืš ืžื™ืจ: ืข, ื“ืึธืก 
ื˜ื•ื’ ื“ืึธืš ืื•ื™ืฃ ื›ืคึผืจื•ืช ! ืžืข ื–ืึธืœ ืžื™ืš ืึทื–ืฑ ืคื™ื”ืจืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื‘ืึธื“ ืึทืจืฒื™ืŸ --- 
ื“ืึธืก ืฉื˜ืขื”ื˜ ืžื™ืจ ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ื ื™ื˜ ืึธืŸ ! ืื•ืŸ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืžื™ืš ืžื™ื™ืฉื‘, ืฐื•ืึธืก ืฐืขืœ 
ืื™ืš ืฐืึทืจื˜ืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ? ืึตื™ื™ืŸ ืขืคืขืŸ-ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื™ ื˜ื”ื™ืจ, ืื•ืŸ ืึทืจืฒืŸ 
ื ืœื™ื™ืš ืื™ืŸ ืฉื˜ื•ื‘ ืึทืจื™ืŸ, ืื•ืŸ , ืฉืœื•ื-ืขืœื™ื›ื, ืจื‘ ื–ืœืžืŸ!? ,ืขืœื™ื›ื 
ืฉืœื•ื, ืคื•ืŸ ืฐืึทื ืขืŸ ืื™ื– ืึท ืื™ื“ ?7? ,ืคื•ืŸ ื˜ืขืคึผืœื™ืง, ื–ืึธื’ ืื™ืš, ืื™ื”ืจ 
ื”ืึธื˜ ืžื™ืš ื ื™ื˜ ื“ืขืจืงืขื ื˜? ื‘ืขืจืข? ื”ื™ื™ืก ืื™ืš, ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ืื™ื ืื™ื™ื ืขื 
ืึทืžืึธืœ ืื™ืŸ ืกืึทื“ืขื’ื™ืจืข". ,ืกืข ืงืึธืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ, ืžืึทื›ื˜ ืขืจ, ื ืึธืจ ืื™ืš ื”ืึธื‘ 


ืžื•ื˜'ืŸ ืขืžืืก 08 


ืื™ื™ืš ื ื™ื ื“ืขืจืงืขื ื˜ ืื•ืŸ ืงืขืŸ ืื™ื™ืš ืื™ืฆื˜ืขืจ ืื•ื™ืš ื ื™ื˜; ืก'ืื™ื– ื‘ื™ื™ 
ืžื™ืจ, ื–ืึธื’ื˜ ืขืจ, ื ื™ื ืคืืจ ืื™ื™ืš ื’ืขื“ืื›ื˜, ืฉื˜ืืจืง ื’ืขืฉืœืึทื ืขืŸ ื“ื™ 
ืจืื™ื”, ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ, ื–ืึธื ื˜ ืขืจ, ื‘ื™ื™ ืžืึทื ื“ืขืœืฉื˜ืึทืžืขืŸ, ืžื™ืจ ืคืึทืจืฉืจื™ื‘ืขืŸ 
ืฉื•ื•ืึทืจืฆืข ื‘ืจื™ืœืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืึธื ื’ืขื–ืึทื ื˜, ืื™ืš ื–ืึธืœ ื ื™ื˜ ืœื™ื™ืขื ืขืŸ ื ืึธืจื ื™ื˜ ืื•ืŸ 
ื ื™ื˜ ืฉืจื™ื™ื‘ืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ ื”ื™ื˜ืขืŸ ื–ื™ืš ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืฉื™ื™ืŸ,.. ,ืข, ื˜ืจืื›ื˜ ืื™ืฃ 
ืžื™ืจ, ืจื‘ ื–ืœืžืŸ, ืื™ื”ืจ ืคืึทืจืจืขื“ื˜ ืžื™ืจ ื“ื™ ืฆื™ื™ื”ืŸ",.. ืื•ืŸ ืจื•ืฃ ื–ื™ืš ืึธืŸ 
ืฆื• ืื™ื”ื ? ,ื”ืขืจื˜ ื–ืฉืข ืื•ื™ืก, ืจื‘ ื–ืœืžืŸ, ื“ื™ ืžืขืฉื” ื“ืขืจืคื•ืŸ ืื™ืŸ 
ืึทื–ื•ื™ ื‘ืขื ื™ืŸ ื”ืึธื˜ ืื™ื—ืจ ื“ืึธืš ื’ืขืงืขื ื˜, ืคืกืกืชืžื ?? ืžืึทื›ื˜ ืขืจ ืฆื•ึผ 
ืžื™ืจ : ,ืฐืึธืกืขืจ ื‘ืขื ื™ืŸ ?7" , ื‘ื˜ื ื™ ื˜ืขืœืขืจืœืขืงืขืจ, ื–ืึธื’ ืื™ืš, ืคื•ืŸ ื˜ืขืž 
ืœื™ืก". -- ,ื ื™ื™ืŸ, ืžืึทื›ื˜ ืขืจ, ืื™ืš ื”ืขืจ ื“ืึธืก ืขืจืฉื˜ืข ืžืึธืœ ืื–ื ื ื" 
ืžืขืŸ --- ื˜ืขืœืขืจืœืขืงืขืจ?, ,ืฐืึธืก ื˜ื•ื’ ืžื™ืจ, ื–ืึธื’ ืื™ืš, ืจื‘ ื–ืœืžืŸ, ืคื•ื™ืœืข 
ืชื ื•ืขื•ืช ? ืื™ื—ืจ ื”ืึธื˜ ืื™ื—ื ื’ืึทื ืฅ ื’ื•ื˜ ื’ืขืงืขื ื˜, ืกื™ืจ ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ ืื™ื " 
ืื™ื™ื ืขื, ื–ืึธื  ืื™ืš, ื’ืขื˜ืจื•ื ืงืขืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ืื™ื—ื”ื ื•ื•ื™ื™ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืกืึทื“ืขื ื™ืจืข, ืื•ืŸ 
ื’ืขื˜ืื ืฆื˜ ื‘ื™ื™'ื ืจื‘ื™ืŸ ืื•ื™ืค'ืŸ ื˜ื™ืฉ, ืื•ืŸ ื ื™ื˜ ืื™ื™ืŸ ืžืึธืœ ืืคื™ืœ ื’ืข" 
ืงื•ืฉื˜ ื–ื™ืš, ืœืึธื– ืขืจ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื•ื•ื™ื™ื˜ ืึธืคึผื’ืขืฉืฒื“ื˜, ืขืจ ืื™ ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ืื•ึนื™ืฃ ื“ืขืจ 
ืืžืช'ืขืจ ืฐืขืœื˜, ื“ืึธ ื’ื™ื˜ ืœืื ื’ ื’ืขืฉื˜ืึธืจื ืขืŸ, ืึทื™ื™ืš ืฆื• ืœืขื ื’ืขืจืฉ 
ื™ืึธื”ืจ?. ื“ืขืจื”ืขืจื˜ ื“ื™ ื“ืึธื–ื™ื’ืข ื•ื•ืขืจื˜ืขืจ ,ื’ืขืฉื˜ืึธืจื‘ืขืŸ", ื•ื•ืขืจื“ ืžื™ื™ืŸ 
ืจื‘ ื–ืœืžืŸ ื ืึธืจ ืึตื™ื™ืŸ ืึทื ื“ืขืจ ืžืขื ื˜ืฉ -- ื“ื™ ื ื’ื™ื“ื™ื ื”ืื‘ืขืŸ ืึทื›ึผื ื™ื, 
ืฉื˜ืืจืง ืžื•ื“ื ืคืึทืจ'ืŸ ื˜ื•ื™ื“ื˜ ! --- ืื•ืŸ ืจื•ืคื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืืŸ ืฆื• ืžื™ืจ : /,ืฐืึธื˜ 
ื–ืฉืข ื•ื•ื™ืœื˜ ืื™ื—ืฃ ืคื•ืŸ ืžื™ืจ 4? ,ืฐืึธืก, ื–ืึธื’ ืื™ืš, ื–ืึธืœ ืื™ืš ื•ื•ืขืœืขืŸ 9 
ืื™ืš ืฐื•ื™? ื ืึธืจ ืžืงื™ื™ื ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืฆื•ืืช ื—ืžืช ; ื“ืขืจ ื“ืึธื–ื™ื ืขืจ ื‘ืขื ื™ ื˜ืขืœืขืจ- 
ืœืขืงืขืจ, ืขืœื™ืŸ ื”ืฉืœื•ื, ื”ืึธื˜ ืึท ืคึผืึธืจ ืฉืขื— ืคืืจ'ืŸ ื˜ื•ื™ื“ื˜ ืฆื•ื’ืขืจื•ืžืขืŸ 
ืžื™ืš ืื•ึนืŸ ื ืึธืš ืื™ื“ืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจืฆืขื”ืœื˜ ื˜ื ืกืขืฉื”, ืึทื– ืขืจ ืื™ื– ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ 
ื‘ื™ื™ ืื™ื™ืš ืึท ืคึทึผืืจ ืžืึธืœ ืื™ืŸ ื”ื™ื™ืคื™ืŸ, ื’ืขืฐืึธืœื˜ ืžื™ื˜ ืื™ื™ืš ืขืคึดื™ื ืื•ื‘ืขืจ- 
ืฉืžื•ืขืกืขืŸ, ื”ืึธื˜ ืžืขืŸ ืื™ื”ื ื ื™ื˜ ืฆื•ื ืขืœืึธื–ื˜, ืื•ืŸ ืกืžื—ืžืช ืขืจ ืื™ืŸ 
ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ืึท ืžืขื ื˜ืฉืขืœ, ืคืึทืจืฉื˜ืขื—ื˜ ืื™ื”ืจ ืžื™ืš, ื ืฉื˜ื™ืœื, ืœืึธื– ืขืฃ 
ืžื™ืจ ืžื•ื—? ื–ื™ื™ืŸ, ืึธื”ืŸ ื—ื›ืžื•ืช, ื”ืึธื˜ ืขืจ ื’ืขื•ื–ืขื”ืขืŸ, ืžืข ืœืึธื–ื˜ ื ื™ื˜ ืฆื•, 
ื”ืึธื˜ ืขืจ ืคึฟืึทืจืงืขืจืขืฐื•ืขื˜ ื“ืขื ื“ื™ืฉืขืœ ืื•ืŸ ืคืึทืจืฉ ืฆื•ืจื™ืง ืึทื”ื™ื™ื. 
ืึทืฆื™ื ื“, ืึทืŸ ืขืจ ื”ืึทืœื˜ ื‘ื™ื™ ื ืขื”ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืึทื–ืึท ื•ื•ื™ื™ื˜ืขืจ ื ืกื™ืขื”, ืฐืึธืก 
ืฆื•ืจื™ืง ืงื•ืžื˜ ืžืขืŸ ืฉื•ึนื™ืŸ ื ื™ื, ื’ืขื–ืขื’ืขื ื˜ ืขืจ ื–ื™ืš ืžื™ื˜ ืื™ื˜ืœื™ื›ืขืŸ ื‘ื" 


04 ืฉืœื•ื-ืขืœื•ื‘ 


ื–ื•ื ื“ืขืจ ืื•ืŸ ืœืึธื–ื˜ ื’ืจื™ืกืขืŸ ืคืจื™ื”ืขืจ ื“ืขื ืจื‘ื™ืŸ ืื•ืŸ ื ืึธื›ื“ืขื ืึทื™ืš, 
ืื•ืŸ ื‘ืขื˜, ืžืข ื–ืึธืœ ืึทื™ื™ืš ืื™ื‘ืขืจื ืขื‘ืขืŸ, ืึทื– ืขืจ ืคืึทืจืœืึธื–ื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืื™ื’- 
ื’ืึทื ืฆืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืึทื™ื™ืš, ืึทื– ืื™ื”ืจ ืฐื•ืขื˜ ืžืกืชืžื ื“ื™ ืืœืžื ื” ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ 
ื™ืชื•ืžื™ื ื ื™ื˜ ืคืึทืจืœืึธื–ืขืŸ". ,ืฐืึธืก ื–ืฉืข ืงืึธืŸ ืื™ืš ืคื•ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืขืจื˜ื•ื•ืขื’ืขืŸ 
ื˜ื”ื•ืŸ ?* ืžืึทื›ื˜ ืขืจ ืื•ืŸ ื ืขืžื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืฆื• ื“ืขืจ ืงืขืฉืขื ืข. ื˜ืจืึทื›ื˜ ืื™ืš 
ืžื™ืจ: ืึท ื ื“ื‘ื”? ืฆื“ืงื” ืชืฆื™? ืžืžื•ืช ? ืคืข! ,ืฐื™ืœ ืื™ืš, ืึทื– ืื™ื”ืจ 
ื–ืึธืœื˜, ื–ืึธื’ ืื™ืš, ืฆื•ื ืขืžืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืขืœื˜ืขืจืขืŸ ื–ื•ื”ืŸ ื“ื•ื“-ืœื™ื‘ืขืŸ, ืื™ื”ื 
ื’ืขื‘ืขืŸ ืขืคึผื™ืก ืึท ืฉื˜ืขืœืข". ืึท ื ื ื™ื“, ืึทื– ืขืจ ื“ืขืจื”ืขืจื˜ ื“ืึธืก ืฐืึธืจื˜ 
, ืฉื˜ืขืœืข", ื‘ืึทืงื•ืžื˜ ืขืจ ื“ืขื ืฉืœืื’. ,ื•ื™ ืงื•ืžื˜ ืฆื• ืžื™ืจ ื ืฉื˜ืขืœืข ? 
ื•ื•ืื• ื”ืึธื‘ ืื™ืš ื”ื™ื™ื ื˜ ืฉื˜ืขืœืขืก? ืคืึทืจื ื•ืžืขืŸ ืึทืœืข ืฉื˜ืขืœืขืก!" 
,ื“ืึธืก ืฐืขื˜ ืื™ื”ืจ, ื–ืึธื’ ืื™ืš, ื“ืขืจืฆืขื”ืœืขืŸ ืึตื™ื™ืŸ ืึทื ื“ืขืจืขืŸ, ืื•ืŸ ืžื™ื˜ 
ืžื™ืจ ื˜ืึธืจื˜ ืื™ื”ืจ ืึทื–ื ืฉืคึผืจืึทืš ื ื™ื˜ ืจืขื“ืขืŸ, ืื•ืŸ ื‘ืขื ื™'ืก ื™ื•ื ื’ืขืœ ื‘ืึท- 
ื“ืึทืจืคื˜ ืื™ื”ืจ ืฆื•ื ืขืžืขืŸ ื ืึธืจ ืึถื”ืŸ ืึท ืฉื•ื ืชื™ืจื•ืฅ. ืขืจ ืงืึธืŸ, ื–ืึธื’ ืื™ืš, 
ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื 'ืขืŸ, ืื•ืŸ ืจืขื›ืขื ืขืŸ, ืื•ืŸ ื‘ื•ื›ื”ืึทืœื˜ืขืจื™ืข, ืื•ืŸ ืฉืจื™ื™ื‘ืขืŸ, ืื•ืŸ ืคืึทืจ- 
ืฉืจื™ื™ื‘ืขืŸ, ืื•ืŸ ื”ื™ื™ืกื˜, ื–ื™ื™ื˜ ืžื•ื—ืœ, ื’ืขื‘ืขืŸ ืึท ื‘ื™ืกืขืœ ื‘ืจืึธื ืคืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ 
ืขืคึผื™ืก ืฆื•ื‘ื™ื™ืกืขืŸ, ืฐืึธืจื•ื ืื™ืš ื”ืึธื‘ ื ืึธืš ื”ื™ื™ื ื˜ ืื™ืŸ ืžื™ื™ืŸ ืžื•ื™ืœ ื ื™ืฉื˜ 
ื’ืขื”ืึธื˜?. 


ื‘ืงื™ืฆื•ืจ, ืฐืึธืก ื–ืึธืœ ืื™ืš ืื™ื™ืš ืœืึทื ื’ ืžืืจื™ืš ื–ื™ื™ืŸ --- ื“ื™ ืกืึทื“ืข- 
ื’ื™ืจืขืจ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื‘ื™ื™ ื–ื™ืš ืคึผืจืึธืกื˜; ืขืจ ื”ืึธื˜ ืžื™ืจ ืฆื’ืขื–ืึธื’ื˜, ืึทื– ืขืจ 
ื ืขืžื˜ ืื™ื”ื ืฆื•, ืื•ืŸ ืื™ืš ื”ืึธื‘ ืขื•ืœื” ืจื ืœ ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ืึทื”ื™ื™ื ืื•ืŸ ื”ืึธื‘ 
ืฆื•ื’ืขืฉื™ืงื˜ ืฆื• ืื™ื”ื ื“ื•ื“-ืœื™ื‘ืขืŸ, ืื•ืŸ ืขืจ ื”ืึธื˜ ื–ื™ืš ื“ืึธืจื˜ ืคืจื™ื”ืขืจ 
ืึทื‘ื™ืกืขืคึฟ ืึธืคึผื’ืขืฐืึทืœื’ืขืจื˜, ืฐืึธืจื•ื ืจื‘ ื–ืœืžืŸ ื”ืึธื˜ ืื™ื”ื ื ืขื–ืึธื’ื˜, ืึทื– 
ืขืจ ืžื•ื– ืื™ื‘ืขืจืจืขื“ืขืŸ ืคืจื™ื”ืขืจ ืžื™ื˜'ืŸ ื–ื•ื”ืŸ, ืžื™ื˜ ืจื‘ ื™ื•ืกื™ืœืขืŸ, ืื•ืŸ ืจื‘ 
ื™ื•ืกื™ืœืข ืื™ื– ื ื™ื˜ืึธ. ื ืึธื›ื“ืขื, ืึทื– ืก'ืื™ื– ื ืขืงื•ืžืขืŸ ืจื‘ ื™ื•ืกื™ืœืข, ืื™ื– 
ื ื™ื˜ ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ืจื‘ ื–ืœืžืŸ. ืฐืึธืก ื˜ื•ื’ ืึทื™ื™ืš ืžืขืฉื™ื•ืช, ืžืข ื”ืึธื˜ ืื™ื”ื 
ืฆื•ื’ืขื ื•ืžืขืŸ, ืื•ืŸ ืขืจ ืื™ื– ื”ื™ื™ื ื˜ ื“ืึธืจื˜ืขืŸ ื ืึธืจ ืึท ื’ืึทื ืฆืขืจ ืคืœืึธืงืขื - 
ืฉื™ืคืขืจ. 


-- ืึท ืงืึทืกื™ืจืขืจ, --- ืคืขืจืจื™ื›ื˜ ืื™ื”ื ื”ืขื ื™ืš ืื•ืŸ ื ื™ื˜ ืฆื• ืคืขืจ- 
ืฉื˜ืขื—ืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืœืฉื•ืŸ, ืฐืึธืก ื‘ืขื“ื™ื™ื˜ ืงืึทืกื™ืจืขืจ: -- ืขืจ ืคืึทืจ- 


ืžื™ื˜'ืŸ ืขื˜ืึทื 5 


ื ืขืžื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืžื™ื˜ ื ืขืœื˜ ื”ื™ื™ืกื˜ ื“ืึธืก, ืขืจ ื ืขืกืžื˜-ืฆื• ื ืขืœื˜ ืื•ืŸ ืึทืจืฑืก 
ื’ื™ื˜ ืขืจ ื’ืขืœื˜. 

-- ืึท ื“ืึทื ืง ื“ื™ืจ, ืฐืึธืก ื“ื• ื”ืึธืกื˜ ื–ื™ื™ ืงืœืึธืจ ื’ืขืžืึทื›ื˜, ืฐืึธืก 
ื”ื™ื™ืกื˜ ืงืืกื™ืจืขืจ, ืึทื ื™ื˜, ืฐืึธืœื˜ืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ ื ื™ื˜ ื ื’ืขื•ื•ืื•ืกื˜. --- ืžืึทื›ื˜ ืฆื• 
ืื™ื”ื ื‘ืขืจืขืœ ื“ืขืจ ืจื•ื™ื˜ืขืจ ืื•ืŸ ื’ืขื”ื˜ ืฆื•ื ืขื˜ืึทืค ืื•ืŸ ื˜ื”ื•ื˜ ืื™ื”ื 
ืึท ื˜ืึธืจืข ื‘ื™ื™ ื“ืขืจ ืกื•ื•ื™ื˜ืข ืื•ืŸ ืฐื•ืขืงื˜ ืื™ื”ื ืื•ื™ืฃ. 

--- ืขื™, ืœืึทื•ื•ืจืข, ื˜ื™ื˜'ืŸ ืงืึธืคึผ ื–ืึธืœืกื˜ ื“ื• ืึธื ืœืขื ืขืŸ, ืคึผืึธืจื ื ื ืคึผืึธื—" / 
ืžืขืœื™ืข ! 

ืื•ืŸ ืœืึทื•ื•ื“ืจืข ืคืึธืœื ื˜ ืื™ื”ื, ืฉื˜ืขื”ื˜ืื•ื™ืฃ ืคึทึผืึทื•ืึตืœึดื™ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจ 
ืขืจื“, ืคืขืจืฉื˜ืขืœื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืžื™ื˜ ื“ืขืจ ื”ืึทื ื“ ืื•ืŸ ืงื•ืงื˜ ืื™ืŸ ื”ื™ืžืขืœ ืืจื™ื™ืŸ, 
ื•ื•ืื• ื”ืืœื˜ ื“ื™ ื–ื•ืŸ, ื ืขืžื˜ ื“ืขื ืฉื˜ืขืงืขืŸ, ืฆืขื”ืœื˜ ืื™ื‘ืขืจ ื“ื™ ื“ืจื™ื™ 
ืืจืขืกื˜ืึทื ื˜ืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืœืึธื–ื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืื™ืŸ ื•ื•ืขื’ ืืจื™ื™ืŸ. 


ืงืึทืคึผื™ื˜ืขืœ ื˜. 
ื“ืขื• ื ื ื™ื“ ืฉืœืึธื ื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืขืœ-ื—ื˜ื. 


ื“ื™ ื–ื•ืŸ ื”ืึธื˜ ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ื’ืขื”ืึทืœื˜ืขืŸ ื•ื•ื™ื™ื˜ ื‘ืึทืจื’-ืึทืจืึธืคึผ ืื™ื 'ื ืฉืคึผืึทืฆื™ืขืจ 
ืื™ื‘ืขืจ'ืŸ ื˜ื™ืขืคืขืŸ ื‘ืœื•ื™ืขืŸ ื”ื™ืžืข?, ื“ื™ ื”ึผื™ืฅ ื”ืึธื˜ ืึธื ื’ืขื”ื•ื™ื‘ืขืŸ ื•ื•ืขืจืขืŸ' 
ืึท ื‘ื™ืกืขืœ ืงืœืขื ืขืจ, ืื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืขื˜ืึทืคึผ ื”ืึธื˜ ื’ืขื”ืึทืœื˜ืขืŸ ื‘ื™ื™ ืื•ื™ื™ื ืฆื•ืงืŸ" 
ืžืขืŸ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ื ืจืึทื ืึธื•ื• -- ื“ืขืจ ืขืจืฉื˜ืขืจ ืคึผื•ื ืงื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืขืจ ื ืกื™ืขื”, ืื•ืŸ 
ื‘ื›ื“ื™ ืžืข ื–ืึธืœ ืงื•ืžืขืŸ ืคืืจื˜ื™ื’ ืื•ื™ืค'ืŸ ืึธืจื˜, ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ ื–ื™ืš ืึทืœึถืข ื“ืจื™ื™ 
ืืจืขืกื˜ืึทื ื˜ืขืŸ ืึทืฐืขืงื ืขืฉื˜ืขืœื˜ ื”ื™ื ื˜ืขืจ'ืŸ ืฉื˜ืึธื“ื˜, ื ืขื‘ืขืŸ ื ื•ื•ื™ื ื˜" 
ืžื™ื”ืœ, ืžื™ื˜'ืŸ ืคึผื ื™ื ืฆื• ืžื–ืจื—, ื“ืื•ื•ื ืขืŸ ืžื ื—ื”, ืื•ืŸ ืœืึทืฐืจืข ืื™ื– ื’ืข" 
ืฉื˜ืึทื ืขืŸ ืึธื ื’ืขืฉืคึผืึทืจื˜ ืื•ื™ืค'ืŸ ื’ืจื•ื™ืกืขืŸ ืฉื˜ืขืงืขืŸ, ืฐืึธืก ืžื™ื˜'ืŸ ืึทื™ื™ื–ืขืจ* 
ื ืขื ืฉืคึผื™ืฅ ืคื•ืŸ ืื•ื ื˜ืขืŸ, ื“ืึธืก ื”ื™ื˜ืขืœ ืคืขืจืจื•ืงื˜ ืึท ื‘ื™ืกืข? ืฆื•ื“ื™ืง, ืื•ืŸ 
ื’ืขืงื•ืงื˜, ื•ื™ ื“ื™ ืื™ื“ืขืŸ ืฉืึธืงืœืขืŸ ื–ื™ืš ืื•ืŸ ืฉืœืึธื’ืขืŸ ื–ื™ืš ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ ื”ืขื ื“ 
ืื™ืŸ ื”ืึทืจืฆืขืŸ,. ื’ืขืฉืžืืงืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ืึทืœึถืข ื”ืึธื˜ ื ืขื“ืึทืฐืขื ื˜ ื“ืขืจ ื ื’ื™ืš. 
ืฉืœื•ื-ื‘ืขืจ ื˜ืขืคึผืœื™ืงืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ื˜ืขืคึผืœื™ืง ื”ืึธื˜ ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ืœืึทื ื’ ืžื™ื˜ ืึทื–ืึท ื›ื•ื ื” 


06 ืฉืœื•ื-ืขืœื•ื›ื 


ื ื™ื˜ ื’ืขื“ืึทืฐืขื ื˜, ืฐื™ ืึทืฆื™ื ื“, โ€ ืขืจ ื”ืึธื˜ ื–ื™ืš ื‘ืืžืช ื ืขืฉืœืึธื ืขืŸ: 
ืืฉื˜ื ื•, ื‘ื ื“ื ื•, ื’ื–ืœื ื•, ืžื™ื˜'ืŸ ื ืึทื ืฆืขืŸ ื”ืึทืจืฆืขืŸ, ื—ืจื˜ื” ื’ืขื”ืื˜ ืื•ื™ืค 
ื“ืขื, ืฐืึธืก ืขืจ ื”ืึธื˜ ื’ืขื–ื™ื ื“ื™ื’ื˜ ืคืึทืจ ืœื™ื™ื˜ืขืŸ, ื’ืขืงืึธื ื˜ ื”ืขืœืคืขืŸ ืึตื™ืŸ 
ืึธืจืขืžืขืŸ ืื™ื“ืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ ื ื™ื˜ ื’ืขื”ืึธืœืคืขืŸ, ื’ืขืงืึธื ื˜ ืื™ื”ื ื’ืœื™ืงืœื™ืš ืžืึทื›ืขืŸ 
ืืคืฉืจ ืื•ืŸ ื”ืึธื˜ ื“ืึธืก ื ื™ื˜ ื’ืขื˜ื”ืึธืŸ,. ืคืึทืจ ืฐืึธืก 4 ื•ื•ื™ื™ืกื˜ ืขืจ ืืœื™ื™ืŸ 
ื ื™ื˜! ืื•ืŸ ืขืจ ื”ืึธื˜ ื’ืขื ื•ืžืขืŸ ืคืขืจื ืœื™ื™ื›ืขืŸ ื–ื™ืš ืฆื• ืื˜ ื“ืขื ืงื‘ืฆืŸ, 
ื‘ืขืจืข?ืœ ื“ืขื ืจื•ื™ื˜ืขืŸ, ืื•ืŸ ืก'ืื™ื– ืื™ื”ื ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ื‘ื–ื™-ื‘ื–ื™ื•ืŸ ืคืึทืจ ื–ื™ืš 
ืึทืœื™ื™ืŸ, ืึธื˜ ื“ืขืจ ื“ืึธื–ื™ื’ืขืจ ืงื‘ืฆืŸ, ืฐืึธืก ื”ืึธื˜ ืึทืœื™ื™ืŸ ืงื•ื™ื ื ื˜ืึธื’ ืื•" 
ื‘ืขืจืฆื•ืงื•ืžืขืŸ, ื”ืึธื˜ ื–ื™ืš ื ื™ื˜ ื’ืขืคื•ื™ืœื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ื™ืขื ืขืž'ืก ื•ื•ืขื’ืขืŸ ื’ืขื”ืŸ ืฆื•" 
ืคื•ืก, ืื•ื ื˜ืขืจืคืึทืœืขืŸ ืฆื• ื ื ื‘ื™ืจ, ื–ื™ืš ืžืึทื›ืขืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ื“ืขืจ ื‘ืœืึธื˜ืข, ืื‘ื™ 
ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ืึท ื˜ื•ื‘ื” ืึตื™ื™ืŸ ืึธืจืขืžืขืŸ ืื™ื“ืขืŸ. ืื•ืŸ ืขืจ 4 ืฉืœื•ื-ื‘ืขืจ ื˜ืขืคึผืœื™ืงืขืฃ 
ืคื•ืŸ ื˜ืขืคืœื™ืง ื”ืึธื˜ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื ืขืฐืึธืœื˜ ื”ืขืจืขืŸ, ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื–ืขื”ืขืŸ ื™ืขื ืขื˜'ื 
ืฆืจื•ืช -- ืงืึทืœื˜, ืงืืœื˜ ื•ื™ ืึทื™ื™ื–. ืื•ืŸ ืขืก ื”ืึธื˜ ืื™ื”ื ืฉื˜ืืจืง- 
ืฉื˜ืึทืจืง ืคึผืขืจื“ืจืึธืกืขืŸ, ืฐืึธืก ืกืข ื”ืึธื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืึทื–ื•ื™ ื ืขืžืึทื›ื˜, ืื•ืŸ ืžืขื”ืจ 
ืคื•ืŸ ืึทืœืฅ ื”ืึธื˜ ืื™ื”ื ืคืขืจื“ืจืึธืคืขืŸ ื“ื™ ืžืขืฉื” ืžื™ื˜'ืŸ ืฉื™ื“ื•ืš ืื™ืŸ ื”ื™ื™ืกื™ืŸ 
ืื•ื™ืค'ืŸ ื™ืจื™ื“... ืขืจ ื”ืึธื˜ ื“ืขืจืคื™ื”ืœื˜, ืึทื– ืขืจ, ืฉืœื•ื-ื‘ืขืจ, ืื™ืŸ ืคืึทืจ 
ื‘ืขืจืข? ื“ืขื ืจื•ื™ื˜ืขืŸ ื ื ืจื•ื™ืกืขืจ ื—ื™ื™ื‘, ืื•ืŸ ืืคืฉืจ ื”ืึธื˜ ืขืจ ื ื ืจื•ื™ืกืขืŸ 
ื—ืœืง ืื™ืŸ ื›ืขืจืข? ื“ืขื ืจื•ื™ื˜ืขื 'ืก ื˜ืึธื›ื˜ืขืจ'ืก ื˜ื•ื™ื“ื˜, ืฐืึธืจื•ื ื•ื•ืขืŸ ืขืจ 
ื”ืขืจื˜ ื–ื™ืš ื“ืขืžืึธืœื˜ ืฆื• ืฆื• ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ืงืฉื”, ื•ื•ืขืŸ ืขืจ ืœืขื ื˜-ืฆื• ื—ืึธื˜ืฉ ืึท 
ืœื•ื™ื˜ ืจื—ืžื ื•ืช, ื—ืึธื˜ืฉ ืื™ื™ืŸ ื˜ืจืึธืคึผืขืŸ ืœื™ืขื‘ืฉืึทืคื˜ ืฆื• ืึทื™ื™ืŸ ืึธืจืขืžืขืŸ ืื•= 
ื“ืขืŸ, ื‘ืฉืขืช ื™ืขื ืขื ืœื™ื ื˜ ื“ืขืจ ื—ืœืฃ ืื•ื™ืค'ืŸ ื”ืึทืœื–, ืฐืึธืœื˜ ืื™ืฆื˜ ืืคืฉืจ 
ื™ืขื ืขืž'ืก ื˜ืึธื›ื˜ืขืจ ื’ืขืœืขื‘ื˜ ืื•ืŸ ื’ืขืฐืขืŸ ืืคืฉืจ ื’ืœื™ืงืœื™ืš 4.. ืื•ืŸ 
ืฉืœื•ื-ื‘ืขืจ ืคื™ื”ืœื˜ ื–ื™ืš, ืึทื– ืขืจ ื–ืึธืœ ืงืึธื ืขืŸ ืคืขืจืจื™ื›ื˜ืขืŸ ื—ืึธื˜ืฉ ื•ื•ื™ืคื™ืขืœ 
ืก'ื ื™ื˜ ืื™ื– ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืคืขืจื‘ืจืขื›ืขืŸ, ืขืคึผื™ืก ื‘ืจืขื ื ืขืŸ ืึท ืงืจื‘ืŸ, ืžื™ื˜ ืฐืึธืก ื ื™ื˜ 
ืื™ื– ืคืขืจืฉืžื™ืจืขืŸ, ื‘ืขืคึผื•ืฆืขืŸ, ืคืขืจื”ื™ื™ืœืขืŸ ื“ื™ ื“ืึธื–ื™ื’ืข ืžื›ื”, ืฐืึธืœื˜ ืื™ื”ื 
ืฆื•ื’ืขืงื•ืžืขืŸ ื ืฉื˜ื™ืง ื’ืขื–ื•ื ื“. ื ืึธืจ ืขืจ ื•ื•ื™ื™ืกื˜ ื ื™ืฉื˜, ืฐื™ ืึทื–ืฑ ืขืจ 
ื–ืึธืœ ื“ืึธืก ื˜ื”ื•ืŸ ? ืื•ืŸ ืขืจ ืคืขืจื˜ื™ืขืคื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืื™ื 'ื ื“ืึทืฐื ืขืŸ, ืื•ืŸ ื“ืึธืก 
ื’ืื ืฆืข ืœืขื‘ืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ื ืก ืฉื˜ืขื”ื˜-ืื•ื™ืฃ ืคึฟืึทืจ ื–ื™ื™ื ืข ืื•ื™ื ืขืŸ, ืฐื™ ืคื•ืŸ ืึท ืงื‘ืจ, 
|ืื•ืŸ ื›ืžืขื˜ ื“ืึธืก ืขืจืฉื˜ืข ืžืึธืœ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืœืขื‘ืขืŸ ื˜ืจืึทื›ื˜ ืขืจ ื•ื•ืขื’ืขืŸ 
ืึทื–ืขืœื›ืข ื–ืึทื›ืขืŸ, ื›ืžืขื˜ ื“ืึธืก ืขืจืฉื˜ืข ืžืึธืœ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืœืขื‘ืขืŸ ื“ืขืจื–ืขื”ื˜ 


ืžื™ื˜'ืŸ ืขืžืึธื˜ 7 


ืขืจ ื–ื™ืš ื•ื™ ืื™ืŸ ืึท ืฉืคึผื™ืขื’ืขืœืŸ ืขืจ ื“ืขืจื–ืขื”ื˜ ื–ื™ืš ื“ื•ืจืš ืื•ืŸ ื“ื•ืจืš, 
ืื•ืŸ ืขืจ ืคืขืจืฉื˜ืขื”ื˜ ื ื™ื˜, ืฐื•ื™ ืึทื–ืฑ ืื™ื– ืขืจ ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ื‘ื™ื– ืื”ืขืจ ืึทื–ื•ื™ 
ื‘ืœื™ื ื“ ? ื•ื•ื™ ืึทื–ืฑื™ ื”ืึธื˜ ืขืจ ื’ืขืงืึทื ื˜ ืžื™ื™ื ืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื–ื™ืš, ืึทื– ืขืจ ืื™ืŸ 
ืึตื™ื™ืŸ ืขื”ืจืœื™ื›ืขืจ ืื™ื“ ืื•ืŸ ื ืœื™ื™ื˜ื™ืฉืขืจ ืžืขื ืฉ ? ื•ื™ ืึทื–ืฑ ื”ืึธื˜ ืขืจ 
ื’ืขืงืึทื ื˜ ืžื™ื™ื ืขืŸ, ืึทื– ืขืจ ืื™ื– ื™ื•ืฆื ื“ืขืจืžื™ื˜, ืฐืึธืก ืขืจ ื“ืึทืฐืขื ื˜ ืึทืœืข 
ื˜ืึธื’ ืื•ืŸ ืฐืึธืก ืขืจ ืจื•ืงื˜-ืืจื™ื™ืŸ ืึทืžืึธืœ ืึท ื”ืึทืจื˜ืขืŸ ื“ืจื™ื™ืขืจ ืึท ื ื“ื‘ื— 9... 

ืื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ื˜ืขืคึผืœื™ืงืขืจ ื ื’ื™ื“, ืฉืœื•ื-ื‘ืขืจ ื˜ืขืคึผืœื™ืงืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ื˜ืขืคึผืœื™ืง, 
ื”ื•ื™ื‘ื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืึธืŸ ื“ืขืจืžืึทื ืขืŸ, ื•ื™ ืึทื–ืฑ ืขืจ ื”ืึธื˜ ,ื ืขื˜ื”ืึธืŸ ืฆื“ืงืช", ื–ื™ืฃ 
ื’ืขื“ื•ื ื’ืขืŸ ืคืึทืจ ืื™ื˜ืœื™ื›ืขืŸ ื’ืจืึทืฉืขืŸ, ืฐืึธืก ืžืข ื”ืึธื˜ ื‘ื™ื™ ืื™ื—ื ื’ืขืจื™ืกืขืŸ 
ื•ื™ ืžื™ื ืฆืฐืึทื ื ืขืŸ, ืื•ืŸ ืขืจ ื“ืขืจืžืึทื ื˜ ื–ื™ืš, ื•ื™ ืึทื–ืฑ ืขืจ ื”ืึธื˜ ืืจื™ื™ื ื’ืข" 
ื’ืขื‘ืขืŸ ืึทืžืึธืœ ืึท ืกืคืจ-ืชื•ืจื” ืื™ืŸ ืฉื•ื—? ืึทืจื™ื™ืŸ, ื’ืขื˜ื”ืึธืŸ ื“ืึธืก ืคืึทืจ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ 
ื ืฉืžื—, ืžื—ืžืช ืขืจ ื”ืึธื˜ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืงื™ื ื“ืขืจ, ื”ืึธื˜ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืงืจื™ืฉ, 
ื ืขืžืึทื›ื˜ ืึท ืกื™ื•ื-ื—ืชื•ืจื”, ื ื™ื˜ ื ืขื–ืฉืึทืœืขืฐืขื˜ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืœืขืงืึทืš ืื•ืŸ ื‘ืจืึธื - 
ืคืขืŸ, ื’ืขื”ื•ืœื™ืขื˜ ืึท ื’ืึทื ืฆืข ื ืึทื›ื˜, ืื•ืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืžืึธืจื’ืขืŸ, ืึทื– ื“ืขืจ ืกื•ืคืฃ 
ืจื‘ ืฉืžืฉื•ืŸ ืื™ื– ื’ืขืงื•ืžืขืŸ ืฆื• ืื™ื”ื ื‘ืขื˜ืขืŸ ืึท ื ืžื™ืœื•ืช-ื—ืกืจ, ื”ืึธื˜ ืขืจ 
ืื™ื”ื ืึธืคึผื’ืขื–ืึธื ื˜ ืฐื™ ืึท ื˜ืฑื™ื“ื˜ืขืŸ.. โ€ ื•ื›ื“ื•ืžื” ืึทื–ืขืœื›ืข , ืžืขืฉื™ื 
ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื" ื”ื•ื™ื‘ื˜ ืขืจ ืึธืŸ ื“ืขืจืžืึทื ืขืŸ ื–ื™ืš ืึทืฆื™ื ื“, ืื•ืŸ ืขืจ ื•ื•ืขืจื“ ืคืขืจ- 
ื‘ืจืขื ื˜ ืคืึทืจ ื‘ื•ืฉื” ืคืึทืจ ื–ื™ืš ืื•ืŸ ืคืึทืจ ื ืกืš ืึทื–ืขืœื›ืข ืฉืขื ืข ืื™ื“ืขืŸ 
ื ื’ื™ื“ื™ื ืฐื™ ืขืจ, ืฐืึธืก ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืคึผืขืจืงืึธื›ืขื˜ ืื™ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืขืจ ื’ืขืœื“, ืฐืึธืก ืงืึธ- 
ื ืขืŸ ื–ื™ืš ืžื™ื ื“ืขื ื ื™ื˜ ืฆืขืฉื™ื™ื“ืขืŸ. ืื•ืŸ ืฉืœื•ื-ื‘ืขืจ ื“ืขืจืคื™ื”ืœื˜, ืึทื– 
ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื ืฉืžื” ืื™ื– ื‘ื™ื– ืึทื”ืขืจ ื ืขืฉืœืึธืคืขืŸ, ืึทื– ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ืึทืจืฅ ืื™ืŸ ื’ืขืœืขื ืขืŸ 
ืขืจื’ื™ืฅ ืื•ื ื˜ืขืจ ืึท ืคึผืจืขืก, ืžื™ื˜ ืึทื™ื™ื– ื‘ืขื“ืขืงื˜. ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืงืึทืคึผ ืฐืึทืจืขืžืงืฒื˜, 
ืงื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ืจืขืงืขืœ ืจื—ืžื ื•ืช ! ืื•ืŸ ืขืก ื•ื•ื™ืœื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืื™ื”ื ืขืคึผื™ืก ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ืึทืฆื™ื ื“ 
ืคื•ืŸ ื‘ืขืจืขืœ'ืก ื•ื•ืขื ืขืŸ, ืขืคึผื™ืก ืึทื–ืขืœื›ืก, ืฐืึธืก ื–ืึธืœ ืคืขืจืจื™ื›ื˜ืขืŸ ื“ืขื 
ื’ืจื•ื™ืกืขืŸ ืคืขื”ืœืขืจ, ืคืขืจื ืขื‘ืขืŸ ื“ื™ ื’ืจื•ื™ืกืข ืขื‘ื™ืจื” ืงืขื ืขืŸ ืื™ื”ื, ืึดืžึน- 
ื•ื•ื™ืฉืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืฉื•ืœื“ ! ื ืึธืจ ืขืจ ื•ื•ื™ื™ืกื˜ ื ื™ื˜, ืฐืึธืก ืขืจ ื–ืึธืœ ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ืื•ืŸ 
ื•ื™ ืึทื–ืฑ ืขืจ ื–ืึธืœ ื“ืึธืก ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ, ืื•ืŸ ืขืจ ืœืึธื–ื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืืจืึธืคึผ ื’ืึทื ืฅ ื˜ื™ืขืฃ 
ืฆื• ื–ื™ืš ืื™ืŸ ื”ืึทืจืฆืขืŸ, ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ื ืฉืžื” ืึทืจื™ื™ืŸ, ืื•ืŸ ืคืขืจืฉื˜ืขื”ื˜ ื ื™ื˜ 
ื‘ื‘ืœืœ, ืฐืึธืก ืื™ื– ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ื‘ื™ื– ืึทื”ืขืจ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืœืขื‘ืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ืขืจ ื•ื•ืขืœื˜, ืื•ืŸ 
ืฐืึธืก ื”ืึธื˜ ืขืจ ื“ืึธ ืžืชืงืŸ ื’ืขืฐืขืŸ? ืึธืคึผื’ืขืœืขื‘ื˜ ื–ืขื›ืก ืื•ืŸ ืคื•ืคืฆื™ื’ 


ืฉืœื•ืื™ืขืœื™ื›ื ื‘ึผ. |1ืฉื‚ื 7 


8 ืฉืœื•ื"ืขืœื•ื›ื 


ื™ืึธื—ืจ, ืžืขื—ืจ ืฐื•ื™ ื“ืจื™ื™ ืคืขืจื˜ืข? ืคื•ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืœืขื‘ืขืŸ, ื’ืขืคื™ื”ืจื˜ ื ืœืึทื ื’ืข 
ืžืœื—ืžื”, ื’ืขืงืœื•ื™ื‘ืขืŸ ืึท ื’ืจืึธืฉืขืŸ ืฆื• ื ื’ืจืึทืฉืขืŸ, ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื’ืขื’ืขื‘ืขืŸ ื™ืขื ืขื, 
ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืคืขืจื ื•ื ืขืŸ ื–ื™ืš ืึทืœื™ื™ืŸ, --- ืคื•ืŸ ื•ื•ืขืžืขื 'ืก ื•ื•ืขื’ืขืŸ ืฐืขื˜ ื“ืึธืก 
ืืœืกื“ื™ื ื’ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ? ื•ื•ืขืžืขืŸ ืฐืขื˜ ืขืจ ื“ืึธืก ืื™ื‘ืขืจืœืึธื–ืขืŸ, ืึทื– ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืงื™ื - 
ื“ืขืจ ื”ืึธื˜ ืขืจ ื ื™ื˜, ืื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืงืจื•ื‘ื™ื ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืื™ื”ื ืฉื•ื ืื™ื --- ื–ื™ื™ ื–ืึธื“ 
ืขืŸ ืงืึธื ืขืŸ, ืฐืึธืœื˜ืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ ืื™ื”ื ื“ืขืจื˜ืจื•ื ืงืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืึท ืœืขืคืขืœ ืฐืึทืกืขืจ ! 
ืื•ืŸ ืฉืœื•ื-ื‘ืขืจ ื”ื•ื™ื‘ื˜-ืึธืŸ ืื•ื ื˜ืขืจืคื™ื”ืจืขืŸ ืึท ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ ืฆื• ืึทืœืฅ, ืฐืึธืก 
ืขืจ ื”ืึธื˜ ื’ืขื˜ื”ืึธืŸ, ืื•ืŸ ืื™ื‘ืขืจืงืœืขืจืขืŸ, ืคืึทืจ ืฐืึธืก ื”ืึธื˜ ืขืจ ืึทื–ืฑ ืคื™ืขืœ 
ืฉื•ื ืื™ื ? ืคืึทืจ ืฐืึธืก ื”ืืœื˜ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ืื™ื”ื ื“ื™ ื•ื•ืขืœื˜? ืื•ืŸ ืขืก 
ืฉื˜ืขื”ืขืŸ-ืื•ื™ืฃ ืคืืจ ืื™ื”ื ื–ื›ืจื•ื ื•ืช ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ืœืื ื’ ืคืขืจื ืขืกืขื ืข ืื•ืŸ 
ืžื—ืฉื‘ื•ืช, ืฐืึธืก ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื’ืขืœืขื’ืขืŸ ื‘ื™ื™ ืื™ื”ื ื‘ื™ื– ืึทื”ืขืจ ื˜ื™ืขืฃ ืื•ื™ืค'ืŸ ื“ืขืง 
ืคื•ึนืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื ืฉืžื”, ืื•ืŸ ืขืก ื•ื•ืขืจื“ ืื™ื”ื ืงืึทืœืขืžื•ื˜ื ืข ืื•ื™ืค'ืŸ ื”ืึทืจืฆืขืŸ... 
ืื•ืŸ ืขืจ ื ื™ื˜ ื–ื™ืš ื“ืึธืกื ืฐืึธืจื˜, ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื™ ืขืœื˜ืขืจืข ื™ืึธื”ืจืขืŸ ื”ืึธื˜ืฉ ืคืขืจ- 
ื‘ืขืคืขืจืขืŸ ื–ื™ืš, ืื•ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื ืฉืžื” ื—ืึทืคึผื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืื•ื™ืฃ, ืื•ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ืึทืจืฅ ื•ื•ืขืจื“ 
ืฆืขื’ืึทื ื ืขืŸ, ืื•ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ื ืข ืื•ื™ื’ืขืŸ ื•ื•ืขืจื“ ืœื™ื›ื˜ื™ื’ -- ืขืจ ื“ืขืจื–ืขื”ื˜ 
ืึทื–ืขืœื›ืก, ืฐื•ืึธืก ืขืจ ื”ืึธื˜ ื‘ื™ื– ืึทื”ืขืจ ื’ื™ื˜ ื’ืขื–ืขื”ืขืŸ, ืื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจืคื™ื”ืœื˜ 
ืื–ืขืœื›ืก, ืฐืึธืก ืขืจ ื”ืึธื˜ ื‘ื™ื– ืึทื”ืขืจ ื ื™ื˜ ื’ืขืคื™ื”ืœื˜,. ืขืจ ืคื™ื”ืœื˜ ื–ื™ืš ื•ื™ 
6 ื ืฒื’ืขื‘ืึธืจืฑื ืขืจ, ืขืคึผื™ืก ืึทื–ืฑื™ ืคืจื™ืฉ ืื•ืŸ ืœืขื‘ืขื“ื™ื’, ื•ื™ ื ืึธืš ืงื™ื™ื’" 
ืžืึธืœ ื ื™ื˜ ืื™ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืœืขื‘ืขืŸ. 

ืึธืคึผื’ืขื“ืึทืฐื•ืขื ื˜ ืžื ื—ื”, ืœืึธื–ืขืŸ ื–ื™ืš ืื•ื ื–ืขืจืข ืคึผืึทืจืฉืฑื ืขืŸ ืžื™ื˜ืฅืŸ 
ืขื˜ืึทืคึผ ื•ื•ื™ื™ื˜ืขืจ ืื™ืŸ ื•ื•ืขื’ ืึทืจืฒืŸ, ื‘ืขืจืขืœ ืฉืคึผืจื™ื ื’ื˜-ืื•ื ื˜ืขืจ ืžื™ื˜ 
ืื™ื™ืŸ ืคื•ืก, ืžืึทื›ื˜ ื—ื•ื–ืง ืคื•ืŸ ื”ืขื ื™ื›ืขืŸ, ืื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ื ื ื™ื“ ื’ืขื”ื˜ ืคืขืจื˜ืจืึทื›ื˜, 
ืึทืœืข ืžืึธืœ ื’ื™ื›ืขืจ ืื•ืŸ ื’ื™ื›ืขืจ. ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืงืึธืคึผ ืื™ื– ืื™ืฆื˜ ืคื•ืœ ืžื™ื˜ ืžื—ืฉื‘ื•ืช, 
ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ืึทืจืฅ ืคื•ืœ ืžื™ื˜ ื ืขืคื™ื”ืœืขืŸ! ืขืคึผื™ืก ืงืœืขืจื˜ ืขืจ, ืขืคึผื™ืก ื˜ื”ื•ื 
ืขืจ, ืขืคึผื™ืก ื‘ื•ื™ืขื˜ ืขืจ. | 

--- ืฐืึธืก ืคื•ื™ืคื˜ ืื™ื”ืจ ืึทื–ืฑ ? --- ืžืึทื›ื˜ ืฆื• ืื™ื”ื ื‘ืขืจืขืœ ื“ืขืจ 
ืจื•ื™ื˜ืขืจ. --- ืื™ื”ืจ ืคืœื™ื”ื˜ ืึทื–ืฑ, ืึทื– ืื™ืš ืงืึธืŸ ืึตื™ื™ืš ืžื™ื˜ ืžื™ื™ืŸ ืงืจืึทื - 
ืžืขืŸ ืคื•ื ื ื™ื˜ ืึธื ื™ืึธื ืขืŸ. 

--- ืก'ืื™ื– ืึตื™ื™ืš ืฉื•ื•ืขืจ ืฆื• ื ืขื”ืŸ, ืจื‘ ื‘ืขืจืขืœ ? --- ืึทื–ืฑ ืžืึทื›ื˜ 
ืฆื• ืื™ื”ื ืจืขืจ ื ื’ื™ืจ ืžื™ื˜ ืึทื–ืึท ื•ื•ื™ื™ื›ืงื™ื™ื˜, ืฐืึธืก ืขืจ ื”ืึธื˜ ื“ืึธืก ืคื•ืŸ 


ืกื•ื˜'ืŸ ืขืžืึทื 99 


ืื™ื”ื ื ืึธืš ืงื™ื™ื ืžืึธืœ ื ื™ื˜ ื’ืขื”ืขืจื˜. -- ื”ืืœื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืึธืŸ ื‘ื™ื™ ืžื™ืฃ, 
ื ืฉื˜ ืึทื™ื™ืš ืžื™ื™ืŸ ื”ืึทื ื˜, ืจื‘ ื‘ืขืจืขืค, ืื ื™ืจืฆื” ื”ืฉื, ืึทื– ืžื™ืจ ื•ื•ืขืœืขืŸ 
ืงื•ืžืขืŸ ื‘ืฉืœื•ื ืฆื•ึนืจื™ืง ืึทื”ื™ื™ื, ื–ืึธืœื˜ ืื™ื—ืจ ื‘ื™ื™ ืžื™ืจ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ, ืื•ืŸ ื“ื• ืื•ื™ืš, 
ื”ืขื ื™ืš, ืฐืึธืจื•ื ืื™ืš ื“ืึทืจืฃ ืื™ื™ืš ื–ืขื—ืจ ื ื•ื™ื˜ื™ื’ ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ, ืื™ืš ื“ืึทืจืฃ 
ืื™ื™ืš ืขืคึผื™ืก ื–ืึธื ืขืŸ, 

ื‘ืขืจืขืœ ื”ืึธื˜ ื ื™ื˜ ืคืขืจืฉื˜ืื ืขืŸ, ืฐืึธืก ืคืึทืจ ืึท ื ื•ื™ื˜ื™ื’ืข ื–ืึทืš ื‘ืข- 
ื“ืืจืฃ ืขืจ ื–ื™ื™ ื–ืึธื’ืขืŸ ? ืื•ืŸ ืคืึทืจ ืฐืึธืก ืขืคึผื™ืก ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ื—ื™ื™ื ื“ื•ืงื ? 
ืคึฟืึทืจ ืฐืึธืก ื–ืึธืœ ืขืจ ืขืก ื’ื™ื˜ ื–ืึธื’ืขืŸ ื‘ืึทืœื“ 4 ืื•ืŸ ื‘ื›ืœ?, ืฐืึธืก ืื™ื– ืขืจ 

ืขืคึผื™ืก ืคึผืœื•ืฆื™ื ื’ืขืฐืึธืจืขืŸ ืึทื–ื•ื™ ื•ื•ื™ื™ืš ืื•ืŸ ื”ืึธืคืขืจื“ื™ื’ ?,.. 


ืคื•ืŸ ื”ืขื ื™ื›ืขืŸ ืฉืžื•ืขืกื˜ ืžืขืŸ ื ื™ื˜; ื™ืขื ืขืจ ื”ืึธื˜ ื’ืึธืจ ื’ืขืขืคืขื ื˜ 
ื“ืึธืก ืžื•ึนื™?, ื ื™ื˜ ืคึผืขืจืฉื˜ืึทื ืขืŸ, ื•ืืก ื”ื™ื™ืกื˜ ืื™ื”ื ื“ืขืจ ื ื’ื™ืจ ืงื•ืžืขืŸ ? 
ืขืจ ื”ืึธื˜ ื•ื–ื™ืš ืื™ื™ื ื’ืขืฉื˜ืขืœื˜ ืื•ืŸ ื”ืึธื˜ ืึท ื–ืึธื’ ื’ืขื˜ื”ืึธืŸ ; 

-- ืื•ื‘ ื ืึธืจ ืขืจ ืฐืขื˜ ืจื—ืžื ื•ืช ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืื•ื™ื‘ืขืจืฉื˜ืขืจ, 
ื“ื•ื“ื™ืœื™ื‘ ืžื™ื™ื ืขืจ ืฐืขื˜ ืืจื•ื™ืก.. 

-- ืกืึทื™ ื•ื™ ืกืื™, -- ืžืื›ื˜ ืฆื• ืื™ื”ื˜ ื“ืขืจ ื ื’ื™ืจ, --- ื˜ืึธืžืขืจ 
ืึทืคื™ืœืŸ ื ื™ื™ืŸ -- ื ืขื ืื™ืš ืื™ื”ื ืื•ื™ืฃ ื–ื™ืš, ื“ืึธืก ื—ื™ื™ืกื˜, ืึตื™ื™ืš ื ืขื 
ืื™ืš ืื•ื™ืฃ ื–ื™ืš, ืึทืœืขืžืขืŸ ื ืขื ืื™ืš ืื•ื™ืฃ ื–ื™ืš... ื”ืึทืœื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืึถืŸ ืึธืŸ ืžื™ืจ, 
ืจื‘ ืคึฟืขืจืขืค, ืก'ืื™ื– ืึทื™ื™ืš ืฉื•ื•ืขื—ืจ ืฆื•ึน ื’ืขื”ืŸ... 


ืค 4 6 


ืึทื– ื“ืขืจ ืขื˜ืึทืคึผ ืื™ื– ืืจื™ื™ื ื’ืขืงื•ืžืขืŸ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ื’ืจืึทื ืึธื•ื•, ืื™ื– ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ื“ื™ 
ื–ื•ืŸ ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ื˜ ืคืขืจื ืึทื ื’ืขื ืข, ืื™ื‘ืขืจื’ืขืœืึธื–ื˜ ื ืืš ื–ื™ืš ื ืกื™ืžืŸ, ืึท ื’ืจื•ื•" 
ืกืขืŸ ื’ื™ืœื“ืขื ืขื˜ ืคึผืึทืก ืื•ื™ื˜'ืŸ ื‘ืจืขื’ ื”ื™ืžืขืค, ืื•ืŸ ื‘ืขื’ืขื’ืขื ื˜ ื”ืึธื˜ ืžืขืŸ 
ืื•ื ื–ืขืจืข ืคึผืึทืจืฉื•ื™ื ืขืŸ ืžื™ื ืžื•ื–ื™ืง -- 8 ื’ืื ืฆืขืจ ื›ืึธื”ืจ, ืฐืึธืก ืื™ ื’ืข- 
ื•ื•ืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืกื’ืขืžื™ืฉื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ื ืงื•ืึทืงืขืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื–ืฉืึทื‘ืขืก ืื•ืŸ ืคื•ืŸ 8 ืžืขืงืขืŸ 
ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ื˜ืฉืขืจืขื“ืข ืฉืึธืฃ ืื•ืŸ ืฆื™ืขื’ืขืŸ, ืฐืึธืก ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืคื’ืขื”ื•ื™ื‘ืขืŸ 
ื ืžื•ืจื/ื“ื™ื’ืขืŸ ืฉืžื•ื™ื‘ --- ืื•ืŸ ื“ืึธืก ืื™ื– ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ื“ืึธืก ื’ืœื™ืง, ืฐืึธืก 
ืื™ื‘ืขืจ ื“ื™ ื’ืจืื ืื•ื•ืขืจ ืฆื™ืขื’ืขืŸ ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ ื“ื™ ื’ืจืึทื ืึธืฐืขืจ ืื™ื“ืขืŸ ื“ื•ืจื›ื’ืข- 
ืœืึธื–ื˜ ื“ืขื ืขื˜ืึทืคึผ, ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื‘ืขืžืขืจืงื˜ ืืคื™ืคื•, ื•ื•ืขืžืขืŸ ืžืข ื”ืึธื˜ ื“ืึธ 


100 ืฉืœื•ืž-ืขืœื•ื‘ื 


ื“ื•ื›ื’ืขืคื™ื—ืจื˜ ืคืืจื‘ื™ื™ ื’ืจืึทื ืึธื•ื•! ืึทื ื™ื˜, ืฐืึธืœื˜ืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ ื“ื™ ื’ืจืึทื ืึธ- 
ืขืจ ืื™ื“ืขืŸ ื“ืึธืจื˜ ืžืงื‘? ืคึผื ื™ื ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ืžื™ื˜'ืŸ ื–ืขืœื‘ืขืŸ ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ืื•ืŸ 
ืึทืจืฑืกื’ืขื‘ืขื ืœืฒื™ื˜ ืžื™ื˜ ื“ืขื ื–ืขืœื‘ืขืŸ ืคึผืึทืจืึทื“, ื•ื™ ืžืข ื”ืึธื˜ ื–ื™ื™ ืžืงื‘ืœ 
ืคึผื ื™ื ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ื ืึธื›ื“ืขื ืื™ืŸ ืžื™ื›ืึทื™ืœืึธื•ื•ืงืข, ืื™ืŸ ืžื™ื˜ืฉื•ืœืงืข, ืื™ืŸ ืงืจืึทืก" 
ื ืึธืคึผื™ืœืงืข, ืื™ืŸ ื–ื“ืึทืงืึธืฐื•ื™ืฅ ืื•ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืึทืœืข ืื™ื‘ืขืจื™ื’ืข ืขื˜ืึทืคึผื ืข ืคึผื•ื’ืงืฒ 
ื˜ืขืŸ, ืฐืึธืก ืฆื•ื•ื™ืฉืขืŸ ื˜ืขืคึผืœื™ืง ืื•ืŸ ืฆื•ื•ื™ืฉืขืŸ ื”ื™ื™8ื™ืŸ 


ื”ื•ื ื“ืขืจื ืื™ื™ื ื 


ืจ 


ืึธ ืžืขืฉื” 


ื’ืขืฉื•ื™ื’ืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื™ืึธื”ืจ 1903 


ื“ืขืจ ืฉืขื ืขืจ ื“ืขืจ ืึทืœื˜ืขืจ ื˜ื™ื™ืš ื‘ื•ื’, ืฐืึธืก ืœื•ื™ืคื˜ ืื™ืคืขืจืฅืŸ ื™ื•ื’ 
ืฆื•ื•ื™ืฉืขืŸ ื“ื ื™ืขืคึผืขืจ ืื•ืŸ ืฆื•ื•ื™ืฉืขืŸ ื“ื ื™ืขืกื˜ืขืจ ืื•ืŸ ืคืืœื˜-ืืจื™ื™ืŸ, ืฐื•ื™ ื–ื™ื™, 
ืื™ืŸ ืฉืฐื•ืึทืจืฆืขืŸ ื™ื ืึทื“ื™ื™ืŸ, ืฉื ื™ื™ื“ื˜-ื“ื•ืจืš ืœื•ื™ืคืขื ื“ื™ื’ ืฆื•ื•ื™ื™ ื’ื•ื‘ืขืจื ื™ืขื, 
ื”ืขืจืกืึธื ืขืจ ืื•ืŸ ืคึผืึทื“ืึธืœื™ืขืจ, ื“ืึธืจื˜ ื•ื•ืื• ืขืก ืคื™ื ืขืŸ ืฆืขืฐืึธืจืคืขืŸ ืึถื”ืŸ 
8 ืฉื•ื ืกื“ืจ ืฆื•ื•ื™ื™ ืื™ื“ื™ืฉืข ืฉื˜ืขื“ื˜ืœืขืš: ื” 8 7 ื˜ ืข ืื•ืŸ ื‘ื - 
ื— ืึท ืค ืึท 9 ื™ ืข. ื“ื™ ื“ืึธื–ื™ื ืข ืฆื•ื•ื™ื™ ืฉื˜ืขืจื˜ืœืขืš -- ื“ืึธืก ืื™ื–, ืื™ื™- 
ื’ืขื ื˜ืœื™ืš, ืื™ื™ืŸ ืฉื˜ืึธื“ื˜, ื ืึธืจ ื“ืขืจ ื˜ื™ื™ืš ื”ืึธื˜ ื–ื™ื™ ืฐื™ ืฆืขืฉื™ื™ื“ื˜, 
ื•ื™ ืฆืขืจื™ืกืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ืขืจ ื”ืืœื‘, ืื•ืŸ ืžืขื ืฉืขืŸ ื—ืึธื‘ืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ ืฆื•ืจื™ืง ืฆื•ื ื•ื™ื" 
ื’ืขื‘ื•ื ื“ืขืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ืึท ื‘ืจื™ืง, ืึทื–ื•ึนื™ ืึทื– ืคื•ืŸ ื‘ื™ื™ื“ืข ืฉื˜ืขื“ื˜ ืื™ืŸ ื’ืขืฐืึธืจืขืŸ 
ื•ื•ื™ืขื“ืขืจ ืื™ื™ืŸ ืฉื˜ืึธื“ื˜: ืึดื ื–ืขื ื˜ ืื™ื”ืจ, ื“ืื›ื˜ ื–ื™ืš, ืื™ืŸ ื‘ืึธื”ืึท- 
ืคึผืึธืœื™ืข, ืขืก ื’ืขื”ื˜ ื ื™ื˜ ืึทืฐืขืง ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืคื™ื ืฃ ืžื™ื ื•ื˜ -- ื–ืขื ื˜ ืื™ื”ืจ 
ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื”ืึธืœื˜ืข; ืื•ืŸ ื“ืึธืก ืื™ื™ื’ืขื ืข ืฆื•ืจื™ืง: ืึธื˜ ื–ืขื ื˜ ืื™ื”ืจ 
ื’ืึธืจื“ืฐืึธืก ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื”ืึธืœื˜ืข, ืื™ื—ืจ ื˜ื—ื•ืก ื ืงื•ืง -- ืื”ื, ืื™ื”ืจ 
ื–ืขื ื˜ ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ื•ื•ื™ืขื“ืขืจ ืื™ืŸ ื‘ืึทื”ืึธืคึผืึทืœื™ืข ! 

ื—ืึธืœื˜ืข ื”ืึธื˜ ืึท ืฆื™ื™ื ืกื™ื˜ ื™ืึธื”ืจืขืŸ ื–ื™ืš ื’ืขืจืขื›ืขื ื˜ ืคืึทืจ 8 
ื“ืึธืจืฃ,. ืื•ึนืŸ ื‘ืึทื”ืึธืคึผืึธืœื™ืข -- ืคืึทืจ ืึท ืฉื˜ืขื“ื˜ืขืœ, ืื™ื– ื“ืขืจืคืืจ ืื•ื™ืฃ 
ื”ืึธืœื˜ืข ื’ืขืคืึทืœืขืŸ ื“ืขืจ ื’ื•ืจ? ืคื•ื 'ื 8-ื˜ืขืŸ ืžึตืึทื™ 1882, ืื– ืื™ื“ืขืŸ 
ื˜ืึธืจืขืŸ ื–ื™ืš ื“ืึธืจื˜ืขืŸ ืื™ื‘ืขืจื˜ื ื™ื™ืขืก ื ื™ื˜ ื‘ืขื–ืขืฆืขืŸ 


10 


104 ืฉืœื•ื-ืขืœื•ื›ื 


ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขืžืึธืœื˜ ืึธืŸ ืื™ื– ื”ืึธืœื˜ืข ื’ืขืฐืึธืจืขืŸ ืฉื˜ืืจืง ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ื‘ื™ื™ ื“ื™ 
ื‘ืึทื”ืึธืคึผืึธืœื™ืขืจ ืื™ื“ืขืŸ, ืฐืึธืก ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ ืึทืœืข ืžื™ื˜ ืึท ืžืึธืœ ื‘ืขืงื•ืžืขืŸ ื—ืฉืง 
ื–ื™ืš ื‘ืขื–ืขืฆืขืŸ ื“ื•ืงื ืื™ืŸ ื”ืึธืœื˜ืข, ืื•ืŸ ื“ื•ืงื ื ืึธื›'ืŸ ืค-ื˜ืขืŸ ืžืึทื™. 

ืคื•ืŸ ื™ืขื ืขื 8-ื˜ืขืŸ ืžืึดื™ ืึธืŸ ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ ื“ื™ ื‘ืึทื”ืึธืคึผืึธืœื™ืขืจ ืื™ื“ืขืŸ ืึถื - 
ื’ืขื”ื•ื™ื‘ืขืŸ ื–ื™ืš ืฉื˜ื™ืœืขืจื—ื™ื™ื“ ืึทืจื™ื›ืขืจืคึผืขืงืœืขืŸ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ื”ืึธืœื˜ืข. ื ืึธืจ ืก'ืื™ื– 
ื–ื™ื™ ื ื™ื˜ ื’ืขืจืึธื˜ืขืŸ; ืžืข ื”ืึธื˜ ื–ื™ื™ ื’ืขื›ืขื˜ืขืŸ ืžื—ื™ืœื” ื–ืขื”ืจ ืฉืขืŸ ืื™ื‘ืขืจ 
ื“ืขืจ ื‘ืจื™ืง ืฆื•ืจื™ืง ืงื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ืึธื”ืึธืคึผืึธืœื™ืข : ,ื ืึธืกืคึผืึธื“ื™ืŸ ืื™ืฆืงืึธ, ืคึผืึธื–ืฉืึท- 
ืœืื™ื˜ื™ืข ื ืึทื–ืึทื“ ื“ืึธ ื‘ืึทื”ืึธืคึผืึธืœืกืงืึทื”ืึธ ืจืึทื‘ื™ื ืืฉ !? ืึธื“ืขืจ ืžืข ื”ืึธื˜ 
ืื™ื”ื ืคืขืจืงืขืจืขื•ื•ืขื˜ ื“ืขื ืฐืึธื’ืขืŸ ืึธื—ืŸ ืฐื•ืขืจื˜ืขืจ ืื•ืŸ ืึท ื–ืึธื’ ื’ืขื˜ื”ืึธืŸ 
ืžื™ื˜ ืึท ื’ืขืœืขื›ื˜ืขืจ;: ,ื ืคืึทื”ืจ-ืคืึธื”ืจ ื ืึท ื‘ืึทืจื“ื™ื˜ืฉืขืฐ". 

--- ืกื˜ื™ื™ื˜ืฉ ! -- ื”ืึธื˜ ื ืขื‘ืึทืš ื™ืขื ืขืจ ื’ืข'ื˜ืขื ื”'ื˜. -- ืื™ืš ื‘ื™ืŸ 
ืึท ื”ืึธืœื˜ืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ื›ืžื” ื•ื›ืžื” ื™ืึธื”ืจืขืŸ ! ื™ื ืžืึทื™ืข ืกืึธื‘ืกื˜ืฐืขื ืข ื’ืึธืจืขื“ 
ืื• ืฉืงืึธืœืข -- ืื™ืš ื”ืึธื‘ ื“ืึธืจื˜ ืึทึตื™ื™ืŸ ืื™ื™ื’ืขื ืข ืฉื˜ืึธื“ื˜ ืื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ืช- 
ืžื“ืจืฉ ! ื™ืึท ืžืึทื™ืข ืกืงื™ืœืงืข ืจืึทื“ื™ื˜ืฉื™ ื ืึท ืงืœืึทื“ื‘ื™ืฉื˜ืฉืข -- ืื™ืš 
ื”ืึธื‘ ื“ืึธืจื˜ ืงืจื•ื‘ื™ื ืื•ื™ื'ืŸ ื‘ื™ืช-ืขื•ืœื ! 

ื“ื™ ืึทืœืข ื˜ืขื ื•ืช ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ ืึธื‘ืขื“ ื’ืขื”ืึธืœืคืขืŸ, ื•ื™ ื“ืขืจ ืคึฟืืจืื™ืึธื”- 
ืจื™ื ืขืจ ืฉื ื™ื™. 

--- ื“ืึธืงื•ืžืขื ื˜ืข -- ืคึผืึทืคึผื™ืขืจืขืŸ! -- ื”ืึธื˜ ืžืขืŸ ืื™ื”ื ื’ืขืขื ื˜- 
ืคืขืจื˜, ืื•ืŸ ืขืก ื”ืึธื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืึธื ื’ืขื”ื•ื™ื‘ืขืŸ ื ื—ืชื•ื ื” ืžื™ื˜ , ืคึผืึทืคึผื™ืขืจืขื–". 
ืื™ื“ืขืŸ ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ ื“ืขืžืึธืœื˜ ื’ืขื’ืขื‘ืขืŸ ืฆื• ืœื™ื™ื–ืขืŸ ื’ืขืœื“ ืคืึทืจ ืคึผืึทืคึผื™ืขืจ.. 
ื“ื™ ื—ืึธื“ืึธื˜ืื™ืขืก ื”ืึธื ืขืŸ ืžืึทืกืฃ ืžืžื•ืŸ ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ, ื“ื™ ืžื•ืกืจื™ื ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ ื ืข- 
ื”ืื˜ ืฐืึธืก ืฆื• ื˜ื”ื•ืŸ... ื•ื•ืขืžืขืŸ ืขืก ื”ืึธื˜ ื’ืขื ืึธืœื˜ืขืŸ, ืื•ืŸ ื•ื•ืขืžืขืŸ ื ื™ื˜. 
ืึท ืกืš ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ ืื™ื“ืขืŸ ืึทืœื™ื™ืŸ ืงืึทืœื™ ื’ืขืžืื›ื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืžื™ื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืขืจืข ืžืกื™ืจื•ืช ; 
ืื™ื ืขืจ ื–ื™ื™ืขืจืข ืžืกื™ืจื•ืช ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ ื ืขื‘ืืš ืึท ืกืš ืžืฉืคึผื—ื•ืช ื ืขืžื•ื–ื˜ ืคืขืจ- 
ื ืขืžืขืŸ ื“ื™ ื‘ืขื‘ืขื›ืขืก ืื•ืŸ ืขืžื™ื’ืจื™ืจืขืŸ ืื™ื‘ืขืจ ื“ืขืจ ื‘ืจื™ืง ืคื•ืŸ ื”ืึธืœื˜ืข 
ืงื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ืึทื”ืึธืคึผืึธืœื™ืข, ืื•ืŸ ืก'ืื™ื– ืฆื•ื’ืขืงื•ืžืขืŸ ื ื™ื™ืข ืงื‘ืฆื ื™ื, ื ื™ื™ืข ืขืกืขืจึผืก, 
ืฐืึธืก ืขืกืขืŸ ืื™ื™ื ืก ื“ืึธืก ืึทื ื“ืขืจืข... ืื™ื“ืขืŸ ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ ื–ื™ืš ื ื™ื˜ ื’ืขืฐืึธืœื˜ 
ืึทื–ืฑ ื ื™ืš ืื•ื ื˜ืขืจื ืขื‘ืขืŸ, ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ ืžืœื—ืžื” ื’ืขื”ืึทืœื˜ืขืŸ (ืื•ื™ืฃ ืคึทึผืึท- 
ืคึผื™ืขืจ, ื’ืขื•ื•ื™ื™ื ื˜ืœื™ืš). ืื•ืŸ ืก'ืื™ื– ืึทืฐืขืง ืึท ืžืœื—ืžื” ืฆื•ื•ื™ืฉืขืŸ ืื™ื“ืขืŸ 
ืžื™ื˜ ืคึผืึทืœื™ืฆื™ืข ืื•ืŸ ืฆื•ื•ื™ืฉืขืŸ ืื™ื“ืขืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ืื™ื“ืขืŸ; ืขืก ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื’ืขืคืœื•ื•" 


ื”ื•ื ื“ืขืจื˜ ืื•ื•ื ืก 108 


ื’ืขืŸ ืคึผืึทืคึผื™ืขืจืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืคึผืืœื™ืฆื™ืข, ืคื•ืŸ ืคึผืึทืœื™ืฆื™ืข ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ื’ื•ื‘ืขืจื ื™ืข, ืคื•ืŸ 
ื“ืขืจ ื’ื•ื‘ืขืจื ื™ืข ืื•ืŸ ืกืขื ืึทื˜, ืคึฟื•ืŸ ืกืขื ืึธื˜ ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ื’ื•ื‘ืขืจื ื™ืข ืื•ืŸ ืคื•ืŸ 
ื“ืึธืจื˜ ืฆื•ืจื™ืง ืื™ืŸ ืคึผืึธืœื™ืฆื™ืข -- ืื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืžืœื—ืžื— ื”ืึธื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืึทื–ืฑ ื’ืข- 
ืฆื•ื™ื ืขืŸ ืฆื•ืึทื ืฆื™ื’ ื™ืึธื”ืจ ื›ืกื“ืจ. ืื™ืš ื”ืึธื‘ ืžื•ืจื, ืึทื– ื“ืขืจ ื”ื™ืกื˜ื- 
ืจื™ืงืขืจ, ืฐืึธืก ืฐืขื˜ ืึทืžืึธืœ ืงื•ืžืขืŸ ื‘ืขืฉืจื™ื™ื‘ืขืŸ ื“ื™ ื’ืขืฉื™ื›ื˜ืข ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ 
ื“ืึธื–ื™ื ืข ืฆื•ื•ื™ื™ ืฉื˜ืขื“ื˜ืœืขืš, ืฐืขื˜ ืขืจ ืžื•ื–ืขืŸ ื“ืึธืก ื“ืึทื–ื™ื ืข ืฉื˜ื™ืงืขืœ ืฆื™ื™ื˜ 
ืื ืึธืžืขืŸื’ืขื‘ืขืŸ: , ื“ื™ ื’ืขืฉื™ื›ื˜ืข ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืฆื•ื•ืื•- 
ืฆื™ื’ื“ื™ืข ื” ืจื™ื  ืขืจ ืžืœื—ืž ื— 7?. ื“ื™ ื”ืึธึทืœื˜ืขืจ ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ 
ื‘ืึทื”ืึธืคึผืึธืœื™ืขืจ ืื™ื“ืขืŸ ื•ื•ืขืœืขืŸ ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ื•ื•ื™ืกืขืŸ ืฐืึธืก ืžืข ืžื™ื™ื ื˜.. 

ืฆื•ื™ืฉืขืŸ ื“ื™ ืื ืฉื™-ืžืœื—ืžื” ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ืฆื•ื•ื™ื™ ืžืขื ืฉืขืŸ: 
ื™ืจื—ืžื™ืืœ-ืžืฉื” ื‘ืึทื”ืึธืคึผืึธืœืกืงื™ ืคื•ืŸ ื”ืึธืœื˜ืข ืื•ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ื ืขืจ ื˜ ื‘ืœื•ื˜ื™ื ืขืจ 
ืฉื•ื ื ื ื—ืžืŸ-ืงื™ื‘ ื”ืึธืœื˜ื™ืึทื ืกืงื™ ืคื•ืŸ ื‘ืื”ืึธืคึผืึธืœื™ืข. 


ืืก ื˜ื‘ื’ื ืžื”.. 2132 ืืžื˜ 


ื‘. 


ืขืก ื–ืึธืœ ืฉื™ื™ืš ื ืึธืจ ื ื™ื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืกื™ื™ืŸ ื—ื™ื“ื•ืฉ ืื•ืŸ ืื™ื—ืจ ื–ืืœื˜ ื ื™ื˜ 
ืคืจืขื’ืขืŸ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืงืฉื™ื•ืช, ืฐืึธืก ื™ืจื—ืžื™ืืœ-ืžืฉื” ืื™ืŸ ืึท ื”ืึธืœื˜ืขืจ ืื•ืŸ 
ื”ื™ื™ืกื˜ ื‘ืึทื”ืึธืคึผืึธืœืกืงื™ ืื•ืŸ ื ื—ืžืŸ-ืœื™ื‘ ืื™ื– ืฉ ื‘ืึทื”ืึธืคึผืึธืœื™ืขืจ ืื•ืŸ ื”ื™ื™ืกื˜ 
ื”ืึธืœื˜ื™ืื ืกืงื™ ? ืœืžืึทื™ ืื™ืš ืงืึธืŸ ืื™ื™ื ืขื ื ื˜ืฉืขืจืงืืกืงื™, ืฐืึธืก 
ื•ื•ืึธื”ื ื˜ ืื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ืขืœืึธืฆืขืจืงืึธื•ื•, ืื•ืŸ ืื™ื™ื ืขื ืึท ื‘ื™ืขืœืึทืฆืขืจืงืึธืฐืคืงื™, ืฐืึธื˜ 
ืฐื•ืึธื”ื ื˜ ืื™ืŸ ื˜ืฉืขืจืงืึธืก ? ื”ื™ื™ื ื˜ ืงืึธืŸ ืื™ืš ืื™ื™ื ืขื ืึท ื˜ืึทืจืึทืฉื˜ืฉืึทื - 
ืกืกื™, ืฐืึธืก ืฐืึธื”ื ื˜ ืื™ืŸ ืงืจืขืžืขื ื˜ืฉื•ื’, ืื•ืŸ ื ืงืจืขืžืขื ื˜ืฉื•ืฆืกืงื™, ืฐืึธืก 
ื–ื™ืฆื˜ ืื™ืŸ ื˜ืึทืจืืฆืฉื˜ืฉืข ? ื“ืึทื›ื˜ ื–ื™ืš, ืฐืึธืก ืฐืึธืœื˜ ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ืึทื–ืฑ ืฉืœืขื‘ื˜, 
ืึทื– ื˜ืฉืขืจืงืึทื˜ืงื™, ืฐืึธืก ืงื•ืžื˜ ืึทืจืฑืก ืžืกืชืžื ืคื•ืŸ ื˜ืฉืขืจืงื˜ืก, ื–ืึธืœ 
ื–ื™ืš ื–ื™ืฆืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื˜ืฉืขืจืงืืก, ื‘ื™ืขืœืึธืฆืขืจืงืึธื•ื•ืกืงื™ ืื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ืขืœืึธืฆืขืจืงืึธื•, 
ื˜ืึทืจืึทืฉื˜ืฉืึทื ืกืงื™ ืื™ืŸ ื˜ืึทืจืึทืฉื˜ืฉืข ืื•ืŸ ืงืจืขืžืขื ื˜ืฉื•ืฆืกืงื™ ืื™ืŸ ืงืจืข- 
ืžืขื ื˜ืฉื•ื’ ? ืื™ื– ื“ืขืจ ืชื™ืจื•ืฅ: ื•ื•ืขืŸ ืื™ื˜ืœื™ื›ืขืจ ืžืขื ืฉ ื–ืึธืœ ื“ืึทืจืคืขืŸ 
ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืฆื•ื’ืขื‘ื•ื ื“ืขืŸ ืฆื• ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืฉื˜ืึธื“ื˜, ืฐืึธืœื˜ ื“ืึธืš ื“ื™ ื•ืขืœื˜ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืงื™ื•ื 
ื’ึดื™ื˜ ื’ืขื”ืึทื˜ |.. ื ืึธืจ ืžื™ืจ ืงืขื”ืจืขืŸ ื–ื™ืš ืื•ื ืฆื•ื 9-ื˜ืขืŸ ืžืึทื™ 1989 


106 | ืฉืœื•ื-ืขืœื•ื›ื 


ื ื—ืžืŸ-ืœื™ื‘ ื”ืึธืœื˜ืขืจ, ืฐืึธืก ืื™ื– ื›? ื™ืžื™ื• ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื‘ืื”ืึธืคึผืึธืœื™ืข, 
ื”ืึธื˜ ื‘ืขื“ืึทืจืคื˜ ืคึผื•ื ืงื˜ ื“ืขื ืค-ื˜ืขืŸ ืฐืึธืก ืึทืงืขื’ืขืŸ ื™ืขื ืขื ืคื˜ืขืŸ ืžืึทื™ 
ื ืขื›ื˜ื™ื’ืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื”ืึธืœื˜ืข ืื•ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื“ืึธืจื˜ืขืŸ ืคืขืจืฉืจื™ื‘ืขืŸ ื‘ื™ื™'ื ืื•ืจื™ืึทื“- 
ื ื™ืง ืื•ื™ืฃ ืึท ืคึผืจืึธื˜ืึธืงืึธืœ --- ืื•ืŸ ื“ืึธืก ื”ืึธื˜ ืื™ื”ื ื’ืขื“ื™ืขื ื˜ ืคืึทืจ ืึท 
ื‘ืขื•ื•ื™ื™ื–, ืึทื– ืขืจ ืื™ื– ืึท ื”ืึธืœื˜ืขืจ ืชื•ืฉื‘. ืึถื˜ ื“ืึธืก ื”ื™ื™ืกื˜, ืึทื• ืกืข 
ื‘ืืฉืขืจื˜ ืื™ื™ื ืขื ืึท ื’ืœื™ืง, ื“ืขื ืึทื ื“ืขืจืขืŸ ืึทื™ื™ืŸ ืื•ืžื ืœื™ืง ! 

ืกืข ืคืขืจืฉื˜ืขื”ื˜ ื–ื™ืš, ืึทื– ื™ืจื—ืžื™ืืœ-ืžืฉื”'ืŸ ื”ืึดื ื“ื™ ื“ืึธื•ื™ื ืข 
ืžืขืฉื” ืจืขื›ื˜ ืคึผืขืจื“ืจืึธืกืขืŸ, ืื•ืŸ ืขืจ ื”ืึธื˜ ื’ืขื˜ื”ืึธืŸ ืึทืœืกื“ื™ื ื’, ืฐืึธืก ืขืจ 
ื”ืึธื˜ ื’ืขืงืึธื ื˜, ืื•ืŸ ื”ืึธื˜ ืื™ ืœืึทื ื’ ื’ืขื’ืจืึธื‘ืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื ื—ืžืŸ-ืœื™ื‘'ืขืŸ, 
ื‘ื™ื– ืขืจ ื”ืึธื˜ ื“ืขืจื•ื•ื™ื–ืขืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ืื•ืชื•ืช ื•ืžื•ืคืชื™ื, ืึทื– ื ื—ืžืŸ-ืœื™ื‘ ืื™ื– ืึท 
ื‘ืึทื”ืึธืคึผืึธืœื™ืขืจ. ืื•ื“ืื™ ืื™ื– ื ื—ืžืŸ-ืœื™ื‘ ืื•ื™ืš ื ื™ื˜ ื’ืขืฉืœืึธืคืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ 
ืื•ื™ืกื’ืขื•ื•ื™ื–ืขืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ืคึผืึทืคึผื™ืขืจืขืŸ, ืื– ื“ืขื 2-ื˜ืขืŸ ืึทืงืขื’ืขืŸ 3-ื˜ืขืŸ ืžืึทื™ 
9 ืื™ื– ืขืจ ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ืคืขืจืฉืจื™ื‘ืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื”ืึธืœื˜ืข ื‘ื™ื™'ื ืื•ืจื™ืึทื“ื ื™ืง 
ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ื‘ื™ื›ืขืจ ; ืึท ืกื™ืžืŸ ืื™ื–: ื“ืขืจ ื ืึธืžืขืŸ ืึทืœึตื™ื™ืŸ, ื—ืึธืœื˜ื™ืึทื ืกืงื™, 
ื‘ืขื•ื•ื™ื™ื–ื˜, ืึทื– ืขืจ, ื ื—ืžืŸ-ืœื™ื‘, ืื™ื– ืึท ื”ืึธืœื˜ืขืจ, ืื•ืŸ ื™ืจื—ืžื™ืืœื™ืžืฉื— 
ืื™ืŸ ืึท ื‘ืึทื”ืึธืคึผืึธืœื™ืขืจ, ื•ื™ ื“ืขืจ ื ืึธืžืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ื ืขืจ ื‘ืขื•ื•ื™ื™ื–ื˜: ื‘ืึทื”ืึธ- 
ืคึผืึธืœืกืงื™ ืคื•ืŸ ื‘ืึทื”ืึธืคึผืึธืœื™ืข... ื™ื™ 

ืึทื–ืฑ ื”ืึธื˜ ื’ืขืฉืจื™ื‘ืขืŸ ื ื—ืžืŸ-ืœื™ื‘ ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ื’ื•ื‘ืขืจื ื™ืข ืึทืจื™ื™ืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ 
ื™ืจื—ืžื™ืืœ-ืžืฉื”'ืŸ. ื™ืจื—ืžื™ืืœ-ืžืฉื” ื”ืึธื˜ ืึธื‘ืขืจ ืื•ื™ืš ื ื™ื˜ ื’ืขืฉื•ื™ื’ืขืŸ. 
ืขืจ ื”ืึธื˜ ืึทืจื•ืกื’ืขื ื•ืžืขืŸ ืคึผืึทืคึผื™ืขืจืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืื•ื™ืกื’ืขื•ื•ื™ื–ืขืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ืขื“ื•ืช, 
ืึทื– ื ื—ืžืŸ-ืœื™ื‘, ื—ืึธื˜ืฉ ืขืจ ืจื•ืคื˜ ื–ื™ืš ื”ืึธืœื˜ื™ืึทื ืกืงื™, ืื™ื– ืขืจ ืึท ื‘ืึทื”ืึธ- 
ืคึผืึธืœื™ืขืจ. ื ืกื™ืžืŸ: ืขืจ ื”ืึธื˜ ืื™ืŸ ื‘ืึทื”ืึธืคึผืึธืœื™ืข ืึตื™ื™ืŸ ืื™ื™ื’ืขื ืข ื“ื™ืจื” 
ืžื™ื˜ ืึท ืฉื˜ืึธื“ื˜ ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขื ืžื ื™ื“'ืก ืงืœื•ื™ื–. ืฐืึธืก ื“ืึทืจืฃ ื ื”ืึธืœื˜ืขืจ 
ืื™ื“ ืึท ื“ื™ืจื” ืื™ืŸ ื‘ืึทื”ืึทืคึผืืœื™ืข ืžื™ื˜ ืึท ืฉื˜ืึธื“ื˜ ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ื‘ืึทื”ืึธืคึผืึธ 
ืœื™ืขืจ ืงืœื•ื™ืŸ ? 

ื”ืงื™ืฆื•ืจ, ืžืข ื”ืึธื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืึทื–ืฑ ืœืื ื’ ื’ืขืฉืœืึทื ืขืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ืคึผืึทืคึผื™ืขืจืขืŸ 
ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ื’ื•ื‘ืขืจื ื™ืข ืึทืจื™ืŸ, ืื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืฆื•ื•ื™ื™ ืื™ื“ืขืŸ ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ ื–ื™ืš ืึทื•ืฑื™ ืฆื•" 
ื’ืขื ืขืกืขืŸ, ื‘ื™ื– ืก'ืื™ื– ืึธื ื’ืขืงื•ืžืขืŸ, ืžืข ื–ืึธืœ ื–ื™ื™ ื‘ื™ื™ื“ืขืŸ ืึทืจื•ื™ืก'ืžืฉืœื—'ืขืŸ 
ืคื•ืŸ ื”ืึธืœื˜ืข ืื•ืŸ ืึทื›ื˜ื•ื ื’ ื’ืขื‘ืขืŸ, ืžืข ื–ืึธืœ ื–ื™ื™ ืึทื”ื™ื ืฆื• ื ื™ื˜ ืึทืจืฒื - 
ืœืึธื–ืขืŸ, ื ื—ื•ืฅ ื‘ืฒื™ื˜ืึธื’. 


ื—ื•ื ื“ืขืจื˜ ืื•ื•ื’ืก 207 


3 

-- ื‘ื—ืกืžื—, ืฐืึธืก ืฉื•ื•ื™ื™ื’ื˜ ืื•ื”ืš ? 

--- ืฐืึธืก ืฐื•ืขื˜ ืžื™ืจ ื”ืขืœืคืขืŸ, ืื– ืื™ืš ืขืœ ืฉืจื™ื™ืขืŸ ? 

--- ืคึฟืึทืจื”ืึทืŸ ืึท ืกืขื ืื˜, ื’ื™ื˜ ืึตื™ื™ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืกืขื ืึธื˜ | 

-- ื•ืึธื˜ ื–ืึธืœ ืื™ืš ืึทื™ื™ื ื’ืขื‘ืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืกืขื ืื˜, ืื– ื“ื™ ื’ื•ื‘ืขืจื ืกืงืฑึผ 
ืคึผืจืึทื•ื•ืœืขื ื™ืข ื”ืึธื˜ ื’ืขืคื•ื ืขืŸ, ืึทื– ืื™ืš ื‘ื™ืŸ ื ื‘ืึทื”ืึทื˜ึผืึธืœื™ืขืš ? 

ืื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจืฆื• ื”ืึธื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืึทืจื™ื™ื ื’ืขืžื™ืฉื˜ ื™ืจื—ืžื™ืืœ-ืžืฉื”'ื›ืข : 

-- ืžืข ื“ืึทืจืฃ ื ื™ื˜ ื’ืขื”ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืกืขื ืื˜ ! ืกืขื ืื˜ ืคืขื”ืœื˜ ืื™ื–ื 
ื ืึธืš ! ื“ื• ื•ื™ืœืกื˜, ืึทืคึผื ื™ื, ืžืข ื–ืึธืœ ืื•ื ื– ืึทืจื•ื™ืกืฉื™ืงืขืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื‘ืึทื”ืึธ- 
ืคึผืึธืœื™ืข ืื•ื™ืš ? 

ืื•ืžืขื˜ื•ื ืคืœืขื’ื˜ ื™ืจื—ืžื™ืืœ-ืžืฉื—'ื›ืข ืื•ื™ืกืคื™ื”ืจืขืŸ. ื ืึธืจ ื“ื 
ื”ืึธื˜ ื–ื™ ื ื™ื˜ ื’ืขืงืึทื ื˜ ืคื•ืขืœ'ืขืŸ ื’ืึธืจื ื™ื˜, ื™ืจื—ืžื™ืืœ-ืžืฉื” ืื™ืŸ ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ 
ืฉ ื’ื ื•ื˜ืขืจ ืขืงืฉืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืื™ื– ื˜ื•ื•ืขืง ืžื™ื˜ ืึท ืคึผืืคึผื™ืขืจ ืื™ืŸ ืกืขื ืื˜ ืืจื™ื™ืŸ, 
ืื•ืŸ ืฉื˜ืขืœื˜ ื˜ื™ื™ืš ืคืึธืจ ื ืžืขืฉื” : 

ืก'ืื™ื– ื˜ื•ื•ืขืกื’ืขื ื˜ื ื’ืขืŸ ื ื”ื™ื‘ืฉ ืฉื˜ื™ืงืข? ืฆื™ื™ื˜, ืื™ืš ื”ืึธื‘ ืžื•ืจื 
ืื•ึนื™ื‘ ื ื™ื˜ ื ื™ืึธื”ืš ืฆืฐืึทื ืฆื™ื’ { ืื™ื™ื ืžืึธืœ ื–ื™ืฆื˜ ืขืจ ื–ื™ืš ืึทื–ืฑ ื‘ื™ื™ ื–ื™ืฃ 
ืื™ืŸ ืงืœื™ื™ื˜, ืชื—ื™ืœืช ื–ื•ืžืขืจ ืื™ื– ื“ืึธืก ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ, ืขืจ ื”ืึธื˜ ืืคื™ืœื• ื ื™ื˜ 
ืื™ืŸ ื–ื™ื ืขืŸ ื’ืขื”ืึธื˜ ื“ืขื ืกืขื ืื˜ ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืœื™ื ืงืขืจ ืคึผืื”, ื›ืžืขื˜ ืคืขืจ- 
ื’ืขืกืขืŸ ื ืึธืจ, ืื– ืก' ืื™ืŸ ืคืืจื”ืืŸ ืึท ืกืขื ืื ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ืขืจ ื•ื•ืขืœื˜, ืงื•ืžื˜ 
ืžืขืŸ ืฆื•ึน ื’ืขื”ืŸ ืื•ึนืŸ ืžืข ืจื•ืคื˜ ืื™ื”ื ืฆื•ื ืคึผืจื™ืกื˜ืึทื•ื•. 

--- ื•ืึธืก ืื™ื– ืฉืื•ึนื™ืŸ ืขืคึผื™ืก ืึท ื ื™ื™ืขืก ื‘ื™ื™ ื“ื™ืจ ? ื•ื™ืขื“ืขืจ ืึท ืžืึธืœ 
,ืกื•ื•ื™ื˜ืฉื ืข ืกื‘ืึธืจ" ? ื–ื™ื™ื ืข ืขืกืงื™ื ! --- ืจื•ืคื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืึทืŸ ื™ืจื—ืžื™ืืค- 
ืžืฉื”'ื›ืข ืฆื• ื™ืจื—ืžื™ื?-ืžืฉื”'ืŸ. | 

--- ืœืึธืฅ ืžื™ืš ืึทื–ืฑ ื•ื•ื™ืกืขืŸ ืึท ื‘ื™ื™ื–ืข ื•ื•ืขื˜ืฉืขืจืข ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ืจ ืื™ื•" 
ืื™ื™ื ืขื } --- ืžืึทื›ื˜ ื™ืจื—ืžื™ืืœ-ืžืฉื”. -- ื ืคึผืจื™ืกื˜ืื•ื• ืจื•ืคื˜, ืงืึธืŸ 
ืžืขืŸ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ื“ื‘ืจ-ืื—ืจ ื ื™ื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืžืข ืžื•ื– ื’ืขื”ืŸ 


108 ืฉืœื•ืž-ืขืœื•ื›ื 


-- ื–ืขื” ื ืึธืจ, ืžืข ื–ืึธืœ ื“ื™ืš ื“ืึธืจื˜ ื—ืึธื˜ืฉ ื ื™ื˜ ,ืจืขืฉื˜ืข- 
ื•ื•ืขืŸ" ! --- ื‘ืขื’ืœื™ื™ื˜ ืื™ื”ื ืึทืจืฑืก ื™ืจื—ืžื™ืืœ?-ืžืฉื”'ื›ืข ืคื•ืŸ ืงืœื™ื™ื˜ ืžื™ื˜ 
ืึท ื™ื‘ืจื›ืš. 

ืขืก ื”ืึธื˜ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื’ืขื“ื•ื™ืขืจื˜ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ื”ืึทืœื‘ืข ืฉืขื”, ืื™ืŸ ื™ืจื—ืžื™ืืœ- 
ืžืฉื” ืืจื™ื™ื ื’ืขืคืœื•ื™ื’ืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืงืœื™ื™ื˜ ืึทืจื™ื™ืŸ, ืงื•ื™ื ื’ืขืงืึธื ื˜ ืื•ื™ืกืจืขืจืขืŸ : 

--- ืžื–ืœ-ื˜ื•ื‘ !,.. ืึธื ื’ืขืงื•ืžืขืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ืกืขื ืึทื˜... ื’ืขืงื•ืžืขืŸ, ืึทื– ืื™ืš 
ื‘ื™ืŸ ื ื‘ืึทื”ืึธืคึผืึธืœื™ืขืจ... ืื™ืš ืžืขื’ ืฉื•ื™ืŸ, ื”ื™ื™ืกื˜ ื“ืึธืก, ื–ื™ืฆืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ. ื‘ืึธ- 
ื”ืึธืคึผืึธืœื™ืข... 

ื™ืจื—ืžื™ื?-ืžืฉื”'ื›ืข ื”ืึธื˜ ืึท ืคึผืœื™ืขืกืง ื’ืขื˜ื”ืึธืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ ื”ืขื ื“: 

-- ืึท ื’ื“ื•ืœื— ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ืขืจ ื‘ืึทื‘ืข ! ื•ืฐืึธืก ื–ืึธื’ื˜ ืื™ื”ืจ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ืขื 
ืžื–ืœ-ื˜ื•ื‘ ? ืขืจ ืžืขื  ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ื–ื™ืฆืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื‘ืึธื”ืึธืคึผืึธืœื™ืข ! 

--- ื˜ืคื•, ืฐืึธืก ื–ืึธื’ ืื™ืš ื‘ืึธึทื”ืึธืคึผืึธืœื™ืข ? ืื™ืš ืžื™ื™ืŸ ื”ืึธืœื˜ืข 
ืžื™ื™ืŸ ืื™ืš ! 

--- ื”ืึธืœื˜ืข ? ืึทื–ืฑ ื–ืฉืข ืจืขื“ !.. ื ื•, ื™ืจื—ืกืžื™ืืœ-ืžืฉื”, ืฐืึธืก 
ื”ืึธื‘ ืื™ืš ื“ื™ืจ ื’ืขื–ืึธื’ื˜ ? 

--- ืฐืึธืก ื”ืึธืกื˜ ื“ื• ืžื™ืจ ื’ืขื•ืึธื ื˜? 

--- ืื™ืš ื”ืึธื‘ ื“ื™ืจ ื ื™ื˜ ื’ืขื–ืึธื’ื˜, ื–ืึธืœืกื˜ ื’ืขื”ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืกืขื ืึทื˜ 3... 

ื™ืจื—ืžื™ืืœ-ืžืฉื” ืื™ื– ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ืึทื–ื•ื™ ืฆื•ืคืจื™ืขื“ืขืŸ, ืึทื–ืฑ ื’ืœื™ืงืœื™ืš, ืึทื– 
ืขืจ ืื™ืŸ ืึทืจืฑืกื’ืขืœืึทืคืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืฉื˜ืึธื“ื˜ ืื•ืŸ ืืฑื™ืกื’ืขืคึผื•ืงื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ืื™ื™ืŸ ืขืง 
ื‘ื™ื–'ืŸ ืื ื“ืขืจืขืŸ, ืึทื– ืก'ืื™ื– ืึธื ื’ืขืงื•ืžืขืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ืกืขื ืื˜, ืึทื– ืขืจ ืื™ื– ื 
ื”ืึธืœื˜ืขืจ ืื•ืŸ ืžืขื’ ื–ื™ืฆืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื”ืึธืœื˜ืข, ืื•ืŸ ืขืจ ืงืœื•ื™ื‘ื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืึทืจื™ื‘ืขืจ, 
ืื ื™ืจืฆื” ื”ืฉื, ืื™ืŸ ื’ื™ื›ืขืŸ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ื”ืึธืœื˜ืข. ื™ื•ื—ืžื™ืืœ-ืžืฉื” ื”ืึธื˜ ื“ืขื 
ื˜ืึธื’ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื’ืขื ืขืกืขืŸ, ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื’ืขืจื•ื”ื˜ ; ืขืจ ืื™ืŸ ื’ืขืœืึธืคืขืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ืื™ื™ื ืขื 
ืฆื•ื ืึทื ื“ืขืจืขืŸ,. ืขืก ื”ืึธื˜ ืื™ื”ื ืขืคึผื™ืก ื’ืขื˜ืจืึธื’ืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืœื•ืคื˜ืขืŸ. 
ื•ื•ืขืžืขืŸ ืขืจ ื”ืึธื˜ ื‘ืขื ืขื ืขื ื˜, ื”ืึธื˜ ืขืจ ืึธืคึผื’ืขืฉื˜ืขืœื˜. 

--- ื’ืขื”ืขืจื˜ ? 

--- ืฐืึธืก ? ืคื•ืŸ ืกืขื ืึธื˜? ื’ืขื”ืขืจื, ืฐื™ ื“ืขืŸ ? ืžื–ืœ-ื˜ื•ื‘ ืื™ื™ืš. 

--- ืžื™ื˜ ืžื–?ืœ ื–ืึธืœื˜ ืื™ื”ืจ ืœืขื‘ืขืŸ. 


ื”ื•ื ื“ืขืจื˜ ืื•ื•ื ื˜ 4309 


--- ื•ื•ืขืŸ ืจืขื›ืขื ื˜ ืื™ื—ืจ ืึทืจื™ื‘ืขืจืคืึธื”ืจืขืŸ ? 
--- ืื ื™ืจืฆื” ื”ืฉื, ื ืึธืš ืฉื‘ื•ืขื•ืช. 

-- ืœืึธื– ื’ืึธื˜ ื’ืขื‘ืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืึท ื’ื•ื˜ืขืจ ืฉืขื”, 
-- ื ื“ืึทื ืง! 


ื™ืฆ 


ื˜ ื™ืฉื•ืขื—, ืึทืŸ ื’ืึธื˜ ื”ืขืœืคื˜ ืึท ืžืขื ืฉืขืŸ, ืื™ื– ืื•ื“ืื™ ื–ืขื”ืจ ื’ื•ื˜, 
ื ืึธืจ ืึท ื™ืฉื•ืขื— ืžื™ื˜ ืึท ื ืงืžื— ืื™ื ืื™ื™ื ืขื -- ื“ืึธืก ืื™ื– ืื™ื™ื ืข ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ 
ื’ืจืขืกื˜ืข ื–ืึทื›ืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ืขืจ ืฐืขืœื˜, ืฐืึธืก ื“ืึธืก ืคืขืจื’ืขื ื™ื’ืขืŸ ื“ืขืจืคื•ืŸ 
ืœืึธื–ื˜ ื–ื™ืš ื ื™ื˜ ื‘ืขืฉืจื™ื™ื‘ืขืŸ ; ื–ืขื”ืขืŸ, ื•ื™ ื™ืขื ืขืจ ืื™ืŸ ืžืกื ื, ื•ื™ ื“ืขืจ 
ืฉื•ื ื ื•ืขืจื“ ืฆืขื–ืขืฆื˜ ืงื•ืงืขื ื“ื™ื’, ื ืขืžื˜-ืื™ื™ืŸ ื ืžื™ืชื— ืžืฉื•ื ื” -- 
ื“ืึธืก ื’ื™ื˜-ืฆื• ื“ืขื ืžืขื ืฉืขืŸ ืึทื–ืฑ ืคื™ืขืœ ืžื•ื˜ื—, ืฉื˜ืึทืจืงื™ื™ื˜ ืื•ืŸ ืื›ื–ืจื™ื•ืช, 
ืึทื– ืคืึทืจ ื ืฆื—ื•ืŸ ืคืขืจื’ืขืกื˜ ืขืจ ื–ื™ืš ืื•ืŸ ื”ื•ื™ื‘ื˜ ืึธืŸ ืฆื• ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ื ืึทืจื™ืฉืงืฒื™ื˜ืขืŸ, 


ืื•ื ื–ืขืจ ื™ืจื—ืžื™ืืœ-ืžืฉื” ื”ืึธื˜ ื ื™ื ืื•ื™ืคื ืขื”ืขืจื˜ ืฆื• ื’ืจืื’ืขืจืขืŸ 
ืžื™ื˜'ืŸ ืกืขื ืึทื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื™ืขื“ืขืŸ ื˜ืจื™ื˜ ืื•ืŸ ืฉืจื™ื˜, ืึทื–ืฑ ืึทื– ืขืก ื”ืึธื˜ ื–ื™ืš 
ืืœืขืžืขืŸ ืฆื•ื’ืขื’ืขืกืขืŸ, ื’ืขืฐืึธืจืขืŸ ื ืžืืก, ื˜ืจื™ืฃ ื•ื™ ื—ื–ื™ืจ ืขืก ื”ืึธื˜ 
ืฉื‚ื•ื™ืŸ ืคึผืฉื•ื˜ ื’ืขืฉืœืึธื’ืขืŸ ืฆื• ื“ืขืจ ื’ืึทืœ ืื•ื™ืกื”ืขืจืขืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ืื™ื”ื ื ืึธืš ืึท 
ืžืึธืœ ืกืขื ืึทื˜, ืื•ืŸ ืฐื™ืขื“ืขืจ ืึท ืžืึธืœ ืกืขื ืื˜, ืื•ืŸ ืึธื‘ืขืจ ื ืžืึธืคึฟ 
ืกืขื ืื˜ ! 


ื ืึธืจ ืื•ื™ื‘ ื“ืึธืก ืื™ืŸ ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ื ืžืืก ืฆื• ื”ืขืจืขืŸ ื“ืขืจ ื’ืื ืฆืขืจ 
ืฉื˜ืึธื“ื˜, ื”ื™ื™ื ื˜ ื•ื™ ื”ืึธื˜ ื“ืึธืก ื’ืขืงืึทื ื˜ ื‘ืจืึธื˜ืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ ื‘ืจืขื ืขืŸ ื ื—ืžืŸ- 
ืœื™ื‘'ืขืŸ ื ืขื‘ืฉืš, ืึทื– ืขืจ ื”ืึธื˜ ื“ืึธืก ื‘ืขื“ืืจืคื˜ ืึทืœื™ื™ืŸ ืื•ื™ืกื”ืขืจืขืŸ ืคื•ืŸ 
ืื™ื”ื ืึทืœืข ืžื™ื ื•ื˜, ืึทืœืข ืจื’ืข 4 ื™ืจื—ืžื™ืืœ-ืžืฉื” ื”ืึธื˜ ืฉื˜ืขื ื“ื™ื’ ื’ืข- 
ื–ื•ื›ื˜ ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ ืื•ื™ื ืขืŸ ื ื—ืžืŸ-ืœื™ื‘'ืขืŸ, ืื•ืŸ ื•ื•ืื• ื ื—ืžืšืœื™ื‘ ืื™ืŸ ื’ืข- 
ืฉื˜ืึทื ืขืŸ --- ืึทื”ื™ืŸ ืื™ื– ืขืจ ืฆื•ื’ืขื’ืึทื ื ืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ ื’ืขื–ืึธื ื˜ : 

--- ืึทืคึผื ื™ื, ืึทื– ืื™ืŸ ืกืขื ืึธื˜ ื–ื™ืฆืขืŸ ื˜ืึทืงื™ ืคืึธืจื˜ ืžืขื ื˜ืฉืขืŸ |.. 


110 1 ืฉืœื•ื-ืขืœื•ื›ื 


ื ื—ืžืŸ-ืœื™ื‘ ื˜ืจืขื˜-ืึธืคึผ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืึท ื–ื™ื™ื˜ ืื•ืŸ ื‘ืขื”ืึทืœื˜ ื–ื™ืš, ื ืึธืจ 
ื™ืจื—ืžื™ื?-ืžืฉื” ื–ื•ื›ื˜ ืื™ื”ื ืึถึดืคึผ ืื•ืŸ ืจืขื“ื˜ ื•ื•ื™ื™ื˜ืขืจ, ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืฆื• ืื™ื”ื, 
ืฆื• ืึทื ื“ืขืจืข, ื ืึธืจ ืึทื–ืฑ, ืึทื– ืขืจ ื–ืึธืœ ืื•ื™ืš ื”ืขืจืขืŸ : 

-- ืื™ืš ื‘ื™ืŸ ืื•ืžื™ืกื˜ื ืข ื ืขื›ื˜ืขืŸ ืื™ื‘ืขืจื’ืขื‘ืœื™ื‘ืขืŸ ื’ืขื›ื˜ื™ื’ืขืŸ 
ืื™ืŸ ื”ืึธืœื˜ืข ืื•ื™ืฃ ื‘ื™ื™ื ืึทื›ื˜, ื’ืขืฐืึธืœื˜, ื“ืขืจ ืคึผืจื™ืกื˜ืึทื• ื–ืึธืœ ืฆื• ืžื™ืจ - 
ืงื•ืžืขืŸ ; ืื™ื– ืขืจ, ืื•ื™ืฃ ืฆื• ืœื”ื‘ืขื™ื, ื ื™ื˜ ื ืขืงื•ืžืขืŸ ! 

ืฆื•ื•ื™ืฉืขืŸ ื™ืจื—ืžื™ื?-ืžืฉื”'ืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ื™ืจื—ืžื™ืืœ-ืžืฉื”'ื›ืขืŸ ืื™ื– ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ, 
ื‘ืจื•ืš ื”ืฉื, ืึทื–ืึท ื’ื•ื˜ ืœืขื‘ืขืŸ, ืึทื– ืื•ืžืขื˜ื•ื, ื•ื•ืื• ื–ื™ ื”ืึธื˜ ื ืึธืจ ื’ืข" 
ืงืึธื ื˜, ื”ืึธื˜ ื–ื™ ืื™ื”ื ื ืขื˜ื”ืึธืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืงื™ื“ืขืจ-ื•ื•ื™ื“ืขืจ; ื ืึธืจ ื“ืึธ, ื‘ื™ื™ 
ื ื—ืžืŸ-ืœื™ื‘'ืก ืžืคึผืœื”, ืื™ื– ื–ื™ ืื™ื”ื ื’ืขืงื•ืžืขืŸ ืฆื• ื”ื™ืœืฃ ืื•ืŸ ื”ืึธื˜ ืื™ื”ื 
ื’ืขื”ืึธืœืคืขืŸ ืคึผื•ื™ืงืขืŸ ืื™ื‘ืขืจ ื“ืขืจ ืฉื˜ืึธื“ื˜ ืื•ืŸ ื“ืขืงื•ื˜ืฉืขืŸ ื ื—ืžืŸ-ืœื™ื‘'ืขืŸ 
ืžื™ื˜ ื ื—ืžืŸ-ืœื™ื‘'ืขื›ืขืŸ, ืึทื–ืฑ ืึทื– ื™ืขื ืข ื”ืึธื˜ ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ื’ืขื‘ืขื˜ืขืŸ ื’ืึธื˜, ืขื 
ื–ืึธืœ ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ืึทื•ืขืงื ืขื”ืŸ ืฉื‘ื•ืขื•ืช ืื•ืŸ ื™ืจื—ืžื™ื?-ืžืฉื” ืžื™ื˜ ื™ืจื—ืžื™ื?- 
ืžืฉื”'ื›ืขืŸ ื–ืึธืœืขืŸ ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ืึทืจืฑืกืคืึธื”ืจืขืŸ ืฆื• ืึทืœื“ื™ ืฉืฐืึทืจืฆืข ื™ึนืึธื”ืจ. -- 
, ืžืข ืงืึธืŸ ื ืึธืจ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืงืึธืคึผ ื ื™ื˜ ืื•ื™ืคื”ื•ื™ื‘ืขืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ 1" ืื•ืŸ ื’ืึธื˜ ื”ืึธื˜ 
ืจื—ืžื ื•ืช ื’ืขื”ืื˜, ืก'ืื™ื– ืึทืฐืขืงื’ืขื ืึทื ื’ืขืŸ ืฉื‘ื•ืขื•ืช ืื•ืŸ ื™ืจื—ืžื™ืืœ-ืžืฉื” 
ืžื™ื˜ ื™ืจื—ืžื™ื?-ืžืฉื”'ื›ืขืŸ ื”ืึทืคึผืขืŸ ื–ื™ืš ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืึทืจื™ื‘ืขืจืฆื•ืคึผืึธื”ืจืขืŸ ืงื™ื™ืŸ 
ื”ืึธืœื˜ืข. ืฐืึธืก ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ ืงื™ื™ื– ืฆื™ื™ื˜ ื ื™ื? ื–ื™ื™ ื•ื•ืขืœืขืŸ ืคึผืขืจืฉืคึผืข- 
ื˜ื™ื ืขืŸ ืฉืคึผืขื˜ืขืจ ืžื™ื˜ ื ืฐืึธืš? ืึทื‘ื™, ื“ืึทื ืงืขืŸ ื’ืึธื˜, ื–ื™ื™ ืžืขื’ืขืŸ 
ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ! -- ื‘ื™ื– ืก'ืื™ืŸ ื’ืขืงื•ืžืขืŸ ื–ื•ื ื˜ืึธื’, ื“ืขืจ 28-ื˜ืขืจ ืžืึทื™, ืื•ืŸ ื“ื™ 
ื‘ืœืขื˜ืขืจ (ื•ื•ืขืจ ื”ืึธื˜ ืืฑื™ืกื’ืขื˜ืจืึทื›ื˜ ืึธื˜ ื“ื™ , ื‘ืœืขื˜ืขืจ" ?) ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ 
ื’ืขื‘ืจืื›ื˜ ืฆื• ื˜ืจืึธื’ืขืŸ ืึท ื™ื“ื™ืขื” ืคื•ืŸ ื”ื•ื ื“ืขืจื˜ ืื™ื™ืŸ ืฉื˜ืึธื“ื˜, ืฐืึธืก 
ืื™ื“ืขืŸ ืžืขื ืขืŸ ื“ืึธืจื˜ืขืŸ ื–ื™ืฆืขืŸ, ื‘ื•ื™ืขืŸ ื”ื™ื™ื–ืขืจ, ืงื•ื™ืคืขืŸ ืขืจื“, ืคืœืึทื ืฆืขืŸ 
ื’ืขืจื˜ื ืขืจ ! ื”ื•ื ื“ืขืจื˜ ืื™ื™ืŸ ืฉื˜ืึธื“ื˜, ืื• ื”ืึธืœื˜ืข ืื•ื™ืš 
ื‘ืชื•ื›ื --- ืื–ื ืžืขืฉื” ืื™ื– ื ื™ื˜ ื’ืขื”ืขืจื˜ ื’ืขืฐืึธืจืขืŸ  !โ€ ื™ืจื—ืžื™ืืœ-ืžืฉื” 
ื”ืึธื˜ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื’ืขื ืœื•ื™ื‘ื˜ ืงื™ื™ื ืขื. 

--- ืขืก ืงืึธืŸ ื ื™ื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ, ืก'ื ืคื™ื ืขืŸ ! -- ื”ืึธื˜ ืขืจ ื’ืขืฉืจื™ื’ืขืŸ. -- 
ืฆืฐืึทื ืฆื™ื’ ื™ืึธื”ืจ ื›ืกื“ืจ ื”ืึธื˜ ืžืขืŸ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื’ืขื˜ืึธืจื˜ ืื™ื‘ืขืจื ืขื›ื˜ื™ื ืขืŸ ืฉ 
ื ืึทื›ื˜, ืคึผืœื•ืฆื™ื ืฐื•ืขื˜ ืžืขืŸ ืžืขื’ืขืŸ ื‘ื•ื™ืขืŸ ื”ื™ื™ื–ืขืจ, ืงื•ื™ืคืขืŸ ืขืจื“, ืคืœืึทื - 
ืฆืขืŸ ื’ืขืจื˜ื ืขืจ? ืื• ื’ืจืึทืจืข ื” ื•ึนื ื ื“ ืข ืจ ื˜ ืž ื™ื˜ ืื™ื™ืŸ 


ื”ื•ื ื“ืขืจื˜ ืื•ื•ื’ 111 


ืฉื˜ืึธื“ื˜, ืื•ืŸ ื’ืจืึทื“ืข ื”ืึธืœื˜ืข ืื•ื™ืš ื‘ืชื•ื›ื! ื“ืึธืก ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ ืฉื•ื ืื™ื 
ืืฑืกื’ืขื˜ืจืึทื›ื˜, ื“ืึธืก ืฐืึทื›ืกื˜ ืžืกืชืžื ืคื•ืŸ ื ื—ืžืŸ-ืœื™ื‘'ืขืŸ, ื ื—ืžืŸ-ืœื™ื‘'ื˜ 
ืงืึธืคึผ ื“ืขืจื‘ื™ื™, ืคืึทืจื”ืึทืคึผื˜ ื–ืึธืœ ืขืจ ื•ื•ืขืจืขืŸ ! 

--- ื“ืขืžืึธืœื˜ ื•ื•ืขืŸ ื‘ื™ื™ ืžื™ืจ ืฐื•ืขื˜ ืื•ื™ืกื•ื•ืึทื›ืกืขืŸ ื”ืึธืจ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ืขืจ 
ื“ืœืึธื ื™, ื“ืขืžืึธืœื˜ ืฐืขื˜ ืžืขืŸ ืžืขื’ืขืŸ ื–ื™ืฆืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื”ืึทืœื˜ืข ! 

ืึทื–ืฑ ื”ืึธื˜ ื™ืจื—ืžื™ืืœ-ืžืฉื” ื’ืขืฉืจื™ื’ืขืŸ, ืื•ืŸ ื™ืจื—ืžื™ื?-ืžืฉื”'ื›ืข, 
ืฐื•ืึธืก ื”ืึธื˜ ืื•ื™ืš ื’ืขื”ืขืจื˜ ืื™ืŸ ืžืึทืจืง ืขืคึผื™ื ื ื ื™ื™ืขืก ืžื›ื” ื”ื•ื ืจืขืจื˜ 
ืื™ื™ืŸ ืฉื˜ืึธื“ื˜ ืื•ืŸ ื”ืึธืœื˜ืข ืื•ื™ืš ื‘ืชื•ื›ื, ื”ืึธื˜ ืื™ื”ื ืฆื•ื’ืขื‘ืจืขืžืขืœื˜, 
ืคึผืึทื“ื˜ืึทืงืขืฐืขื˜ ; 

--- ืื•ื™ื‘ ืค'ืื™ื– ืืžืช ื“ื™ ืžืขืฉื” ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื˜ืขื ืืฉื˜, ืžืขื ืกื˜ ื“ื• 
ื–ื™ืš ื˜ืึทืงื™ ื‘ืึทื’ืจืึธื‘ืขืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ืื™ื”ื ืื™ื ืื™ื™ื ืขื. 

ืึทื–ื•ื™ ื–ืึธื’ื˜ ื™ืจื—ืžื™ืืœ-ืžืฉื”'ื›ืข ืื•ืŸ ื‘ืจืขื ื˜ ืื•ึนืŸ ืคืœืืžื˜, ื•ื™ ื 
ืคืขืจืคืœืฉืžื˜ืขืจ ืฉื‘ืช-ืงื•ื™ืœืขื˜ืฉ. 

ืคึผืœื•ืฆื™ื ืขืคืขื ื˜ ื–ื™ืš ื“ื™ ื˜ื™ืจ ืื•ืŸ ืขืก ืงื•ืžื˜ ื˜ืจื™ื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืฉืžืฉ 
ืคื•ื 'ื ืžื’ื™ื“'ืก ืงืœื•ื™ืŸ ืžื™ื˜ 6 ืื™ื“ื™ืฉ ื‘ืœืึธื˜-ืฆื™ื™ื˜ื•ื ื’. 

--- ื ืึธื˜ ืื™ื™ืš, ืจื‘ ื™ืจื—ืžื™ืืœ-ืžืฉื”, ื“ืึธืก ื”ืึธื˜ ืžืขืŸ ืื™ื™ืš ื’ืข- 
ืฉื™ืงื˜ ืึท ื‘ืœืื˜, ืื™ื—ืจ ื–ืึธืœึฐื˜ ืžื•ื—? ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืื™ื‘ืขืจืœื™ื™ืขื ืขืŸ ืฐืึธืก ื“ื 
ืฉื˜ืขื—ื˜ { ื“ืึธ ืื™ื– ืคืืจื”ืืŸ ืขืคึผื™ืก ื ื ื™ื™ืขืก, ื–ืึธื’ืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™, ืžื›ื— ื‘ืึท- 
ื”ืึธืคึผืึธืœื™ืข ืื•ืŸ ืžื›ื— ื”ืึธืœื˜ืข, ื”ื•ื ื“ืขืจื˜ ืื™ื™ืŸ ืฉื˜ืึธื“ื˜, 
ืคืึทืจืงื ื™ื™ื˜ืฉื˜ ืึธื–ื“ืึธ ืื•ืŸ ืื•ื ื˜ืขืจื’ืขืฉื˜ื“ื™ื™ื›ื˜ ื ื•ืžืขืจ 94, 

ื™ืจื—ืžื™ืืœ-ืžืฉื” ื”ืึธื˜ ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ืคึผืขืจืฉื˜ืึทื ืขืŸ, ืฐืขืจ ื”ืึธื˜ ื–ื™ืš ื“ืึธืก 
ืžื˜ืจื™ื— ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ. ืขืจ ื”ืึธื˜ ื’ืขื ื•ืžืขืŸ ื“ืึธื˜ ื‘ืœืื˜, ืึธื ื’ืขื˜ื”ืึธืŸ ื“ื™ ื‘ืจื•- 
ืœืขืŸ, ืื•ืŸ ืขืก ื”ืึธื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืื™ื”ื ื ืฐืึธืจืฃ ื’ืขื˜ื”ืึธืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืื•ื™ื’ืขืŸ ืืจื™ื™ืŸ 
ื“ืขืจ ื ื•ืžืขืจ 94 ืื•ืŸ ื“ืึธืก ืฐืึธืจื˜ , ื”ืึธืœื˜ืข?. ื“ืึธืก ืื™ื‘ืขืจื™ื ืข ื”ืึธื˜ 
ืขืจ ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ื’ืึธืจ ื ื™ื˜ ื’ืขืฐืึธืœื˜ ืœื™ื™ืขื ืขืŸ,. ืขืจ ื”ืึธื˜ ืคืขืจืฉื˜ืึทื ืขืŸ, ืึทื– ื“ื™ 
ืžืขืฉื” ืื™ืŸ ืึทื™ื™ืŸ ืืžืช, ืื•ืŸ ืื™ื– ืฆื•ื ืขื ืื ื’ืขืŸ ืฆื• ื™ืจื—ืžื™ืืœ-ืžืฉื—'ื›ืขืŸ. 
ื™ืจื—ืžื™ืืœ-ืžืฉื”'ื›ืข ื”ืึธื˜ ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ืคึผืขืจืฉื˜ืึทื ืขืŸ ืฐืึธืก ื“ืึธืก ื‘ืขื“ื™ื™ื˜, ื”ืึธื˜ 
ื–ื™ ื˜ ื–ืึธื’ ื ืขื˜ื”ืึธืŸ ืฆื• ื™ืจื—ืžื™ืืœ-ืžืฉื—'ืŸ ืžึดื™ื˜ ื ื‘ื™ื˜ืขืจ ื ืขืœืขื›ื˜ืขืจ: 

-- ื ื•? ื“ ื™ * | ืกืขื ืื˜.. 


2 . ืฉืœื•ื-ืขืœื•ื›ื 


--- ืฐืึธืก ืขืคึผื™ืก โ€ ืกืž ื™ื™ ืŸ| ืกืขื ืื˜? 

--- ื•ื•ืขืžืขื 'ืก ื“ืขืŸ ืคืขื ืื˜? ืก'ื”ืึธื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืื™ื”ื ืคืืจื ืœื•ืกื˜ ื 
ืกืขื ืื˜ ื”ืึธื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืื™ื”ื ืคืึทืจื’ืœื•ืกื˜ ! ืงื•ืžืขืŸ ื–ืึธืœ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืึทื™ื™ืš ืึทืœืข ืึท 
ืฉืจืคื”, ืจื‘ื•ื ื• ืฉืœ ืขื•ืœื ! 


ื”. 


ื˜ ื•ื•ื™ืกื˜ืขืจ ื˜ืึธื’ ืื™ื– ื“ืขืžืึธืœื˜ ื’ืขืงื•ืžืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื™ืจื—ืžื™ืืœ-ืžืฉื”'ืŸ 
ืžื™ื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื•ื•ื™ื™ื‘. ืฉื˜ื™ืœ, ืึถึธื”ืŸ ืฐื•ืขืจื˜ืขืจ, ื”ืึธื˜ ื–ื™ ื ืขื’ืจื™ื™ื˜ ืฆื•ื ื˜ื™ืฉ, 
ื’ืขืงืœื•ื ื’ืขืŸ ืฉื˜ืึทืจืง ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ ื˜ืขืœืขืจ ืื•ืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ ืœืขืคืขืœ, ื’ืขืฉืžื™ืฆื˜ 
ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ ื ืึธืคึผืœืขืŸ. 

--- ื ืขื” ืฉื•ื™ืŸ, ื ืขื” ืฐื•ืึทืฉ ื–ื™ืš ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ! -- ืจื•ืคื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืึธืŸ ื™ืจื—ืžื™ืืœ- 
ืžืฉื”'ื›ืข ืฆื• ื™ืจื—ืžื™ืืœ-ืžืฉื”'ืŸ. -- ื–ื™ืขื‘ืขืฆืขื”ืŸ ืžืึธ?ืœ ื‘ืื“ืืจืฃ ืžืขืŸ 
ืื™ื”ื ื‘ืขื˜ืขืŸ ืฆื•ื ืžื™ืฉ! | 

--- ื–ื™ืขื‘ืขืฆืขื”ืŸ ืžืึธืœ? ื“ืึทื›ื˜ ื–ื™ืš, ื ืึธืš ืืคื™ืœื• ืื™ื™ืŸ ืžืึธืค 
ื ื™ื˜? -- ืžืึทื›ื˜ ื™ืจื—ืžื™ืืœ-ืžืฉื” ืžื™ื˜ ื ื–ื™ืคืฅ ืื•ืŸ ื ืขื”ื˜ ื–ื™ืš ื•ื•ืืฉืขืŸ 
ืื•ืŸ ื”ื•ื™ื‘ื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื‘ื™ื™ื“ืข ื”ืขื ื“ ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ื”ื•ื™ืš ืื•ืŸ ื–ืึธื’ื˜ ,ืฉืื• ื™ื“ื™ื›ื" 
ืื•ืŸ ื˜ืจืึทื›ื˜ ื–ื™ืš ื‘ืฉืขืช ืžืขืฉื”: ,ื”ื ื“ืขืจื˜ ืžื™ื˜ ืื™ื™ืŸ ืฉื˜ืึธื“ื˜.. 
ืคืจืื ืง ืื•ืŸ ืคืจื™ื™,.. ืื•ืŸ ื”ืึธืœื˜ืข ืื•ื™ืš ื‘ืชื•ื›ื"... ืขืจ ื–ืขืฆื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืฆื•ื 
- ื˜ื™ืฉ, ืžืึทื›ื˜ ืึท ื”ืžื•ืฆื™ื ืื•ืŸ ื–ื•ื›ื˜ ืขืคึผื™ืก ืื•ื™ืค'ืŸ ื˜ื™ืฉ ืื•ืŸ ืงืึธืŸ ื ื™ื˜ 
ื ืขืคื™ื ืขืŸ, ืื•ืŸ ืžื—ืžืช ืžืข ื˜ืึธืจ ื ื™ื˜ ืžืคืกื™ืง ื–ื™ื™ืŸ, ืžืึทื›ื˜ ืขืจ ืกื™ื˜ ื“ื™ 
ื”ืขื ื“, ืงื•ืงื˜ ืึธืŸ ืึท ื–ื™ื™ื˜ ืื•ืŸ ืจืขื“ื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืœืฉื•ืŸ-ืงื•ื“ืฉ : 

-- ืื™ -ืึธื“ื ื•-ืžืœื— -- ื–ืึทืœืฅ !9 

--- ืžืœื—, ื–ืึทืœืฅ, ืฉืžืึทืœืฅ! ืึธื˜ ืฉื˜ืขื”ื˜ ื“ืึธืš ื“ื™ ื–ืืœืฅ ื‘ื™ื™ ื“ื™ืจ 
ืื•ื ื˜ืขืจ ื“ืขืจ ื ืึธื– ! ืึดื˜ืึธ, ืฐืึธืก ืึธืงืขืกื˜ ื“ื•, ืฐืึธืก ? 

ื™ืจื—ืžื™ืืœ-ืžืฉื” ื”ืึธื˜ ืงื•ื™ื ืืจืึธืคึผื ืขืฉืœื•ื ื ืขืŸ ื“ืึธืก ืฉื˜ื™ืงืขืœ 
ื‘ืจื•ื™ื˜, ื–ื™ืš ืฉื™ืขืจ ื ื™ื˜ ื“ืขืจืฐื•ืึธืจื’ืขืŸ ืžื™ื˜'ืŸ ืขืจืฉื˜ืขืŸ ื‘ื™ืกืขืŸ, ืื•ืŸ ื”ืึธื˜ 
ื–ื™ืš ื ืขื—ืึทืคึผื˜ ืฆื•ื ืœืขืคืขืœ ื•ืขืŸ ืžืข ื”ืึธื˜ ื‘ืขื“ืึทืจืคื˜ ืึท ื ืึธืคึผืขืœ, ืื•ืŸ 
ืฆื•ื ื ืึธืคึผืข? ื•ื•ืขืŸ ืžืข ื”ืึธื˜ ื‘ืขื“ืึทืจืคื˜ ื ืœืขืคืขืœ, 8 ื ืื ืฅ ืขืกืขืŸ 


ื”ื•ื ื“ืขืจื ืื•ื•ื’ื | 112 


ื–ืขื’ืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ ื’ืขื–ืขืžืขืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืึทื”ืขืจ, ื“ืขืจ ืึทื”ื™ืŸ, ืื•ืŸ ื’ืขืฉื•ื•ื™ื’ืขืŸ ื‘ื™ื™ื“ืข, 
ืขืก ื”ืึธื˜ ื–ื™ืš ื’ืขื”ืขืจื˜ ืึท ืงืœื™ื ื’ืขืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื›ืœื™ื, ื ื–ื•ืคึผืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ ื ื™ืึทืžืงืขืŸ 
ืคื•ื 'ื ืขืกืขืŸ, โ€ ืื™ื™ืŸ ืžืึธืœ ื ืึธืจ ื”ืึธื˜ ื™ืจื—ืžื™ืืœ-ืžืฉื—'ื›ืข ื ื–ืึธื’ ื’ืข- 
ื˜ื”ืืŸ : 

-- ืึท ืฉื˜ื™ืœืขืšืจ ืžืœืืš ื“ื•ืจื›ื’ืขืžืœื•ื™ื’ืขืŸ... 

ื™ืจื—ืžื™ืืœ-ืžืฉื” ื”ืึธื˜ ื’ืึธืจื ื™ืฉื˜ ื’ืขืขื ื˜ืคืขืจื, ืื•ืŸ ืึทื–ืฑ ืื™ืŸ 
ืื™ื‘ืขืจื’ืขื’ืื ื’ืขืŸ ื“ืขืจ ื ืึทื ืฆืขืจ ืฐืึทืจืขืžืขืก ืฉื˜ื™ืœ, ืžืข ื”ืึธื˜ ื’ืขืงืึทื ื˜ 
ื”ืขืจืขืŸ ืึท ืคืœื™ืขื’. ื ืึธื›'ืŸ ืขืกืขืŸ ื”ืึธื˜ ื™ืจื—ืžื™ื?-ืžืฉื” ื’ืขืงืึทืœื•ืคืขื 
ืžื™ื˜'ืŸ ื’ืึธืคึผืขืค ื“ื™ ืฆื™ื™ื—ืŸ ืื•ืŸ ื ื–ืึธื’ ื’ืขื˜ื”ืึธืŸ ืฆื• ื“ืขืจ ืกื˜ืขืคึฟื™; - 

--- ืžื™ื-ืื—ืจื•ื ื™ื-ืฐืึทื˜ืขืจ... 

ื™ืจื—ืžื™ืืœ-ืžืฉื”'ื›ืข ื”ืึธื ืื™ื”ื ืึท ืงื•ืง ื’ืขื˜ื”ืึธืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืื•ื™ื ืขืŸ 
ืืจื™ื™ืŸ, ืื™ื™ื ื’ืขื‘ืฑื’ืขืŸ ื“ืขื ืงืึธืคึผ ืึท ื‘ื™ืกืข? ืื•ื™ืฃ ื ื–ื™ื™ื˜ : 

-- ื–ืึธื’ ื ืึธืจ, ื™ืจื—ืžื™ืืœ-ืžืฉื”, ืื•ื™ืฃ ื•ื•ืขืœื›ืขืจ ื–ื™ื™ื˜ ื‘ื™ื–ื˜ ื“ื• 
ื“ืึธื ืื•ื™ืคื’ืขืฉื˜ืื ืขืŸ ื”ื™ื™ื ื˜ ? 

ื™ืจื—ืžื™ืืœ-ืžืฉื” ื”ืึธื ืื™ื”ืจ ื“ืขืจื•ื™ืฃ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื’ืขืขื ื˜ืคืขืจื˜ ื ืึธืจ- 
ื ื™ื˜. ืขืจ ื”ืึธื˜ ื ืึธืจ ืึธืคึผื’ืขื’ืึทืกืขืŸ ืžื™ื ืื—ืจื•ื ื™ื, ื ืฉืžื™ืฅ ื’ืขื˜ื”ืึธืŸ 
ื“ืขื ื˜ืขืœืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ื–ื™ืš ืื•ืŸ ื”ืึธื˜ ืึธื ื’ืขื”ื•ื™ื‘ืขืŸ ื‘ืขื ืฉืขืŸ ืฉื˜ื™ืœืขืจื—ื™ื™ืจ. 

ืืฆื™ื ื“ ืื™ืŸ ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ื“ื™ ื‘ืขืกื˜ืข ืฆื™ื™ื˜, ืึทืŸ ื™ืจื—ืžื™ื?-ืžืฉื”'ื›ืข 
ื–ึนืึตืœ ื–ื™ืš ืžื™ื˜ ืื™ื”ื ืงืึธื ืขืŸ ืึธืคึผืจืขื›ืขื ืขืŸ, ื“ืึธืก ื”ื™ื™ืกื˜, ื“ืขืจื’ืขื”ืŸ ืื™ื”ื 
ื“ื™ ื™ืึธื”ืจืขืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ื•ื•ืขืจื˜ืขืจ, ืขืกืขืŸ ืื™ื”ื ืื•ืŸ ื˜ืึธื˜ืฉืขืŸ, ื•ื™ ื ืฐืึธืจืขื, 
ืื•ืŸ ืื™ื”ื ื’ืขื‘ืขืŸ ื•ื•ื™ืคื™ืขืœ ืกืข ื•ื•ืขื˜ ืื™ืŸ ืื™ื”ื ืึทืจื™ื™ืŸ, ืขืจ ื–ืึธืœ ื ื™ื˜ 
ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืžืฉื•ื ืข, ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืึทืจืฑืกื‘ืขืฐืฒื™ื–ืขืŸ ื“ืขื ื›ื”ืŸ ืื•ืŸ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืฉืžื™ืฆืขืŸ 
ื–ื™ืš ืžื™ื˜ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ื˜ืขืœืขืจ. 

-- ื–ืขื” ื ืึธืจ, ืขืจ ืฉืžื™ืฆื˜ ื–ื™ืš ื“ืึธืก ืึท ื‘ื™ืกืข?! ื’ืœื™ื™ืš ื•ื™ ืžืข 
ื•ื•ืขืจื“ ืคื•ืŸ ืื™ื”ื ื’ืœื™ืงืœื™ืš... ื ืžืึทื ืกื‘ื™ืœ.., ืžื™ื™ื ื˜ ืขืจ ืฉื•ื™ืŸ, ืื– ืขืจ 
ืžืขื’ ืฉืœืกื“ื™ื ื’... ื ืžื˜ื ืกื‘ื™ืค ืื•ืŸ ื ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืื™ืŸ ืกืขื ืื˜ ! ื ืกืœื™ื™ื ื™ื - 
ืงื™ื™ื˜ ? ืคึผืกื ื–! 

ื™ืจื—ืžื™ืืœ-ืžืฉื” ื”ืึทืœื˜ ื“ืขื ืงืึธืคึผ ืึทืจืึธืคึผ, ื“ื™ ืื•ื™ื ืขืŸ ืฆื•ื ืข- 
ืžืึทื›ื˜, ืฉืึธืงืขืœื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืื•ืŸ ื‘ืขื ืฉื˜ ืฉื˜ื™ืœืขืจื”ื™ื™ื“ : ,ื—ื–ืŸ ื•ืžืคืจื ืก 5-5 


ืฉืœื•ืื™ืขืœื™ื›ื˜ ื‘. |1ืฉื‚ ื | 8 


114 ืฉืœื•ื-ืขืœื™ื‘ื 


ื•ืžื˜ื™ื‘ 7939.,, ืื•ืŸ ื™ืจื—ืžื™ืืœ-ืžืฉื”'ื›ืข ื˜ื”ื•ื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืื™ื”ืจืก; ืฑ 
ื˜ืึธื˜ืฉืขื˜ ืื™ื”ื : 

--- ืคืจืขื’ ืื™ื”ื ืฐืึธืก ? ื•ื•ื™ื™ืกื˜ ืขืจ ืึทืœื™ื™ืŸ ื ื™ื˜! ืฐืึธืก ื‘ื™ื•ื˜ 
ื“ื•, ืืฉึทืฉื˜ื™ื™ื ืขืจ, ืื™ืŸ ืงืึทืงืขืก (ืื™ืŸ ื›ืขืก) ื ื’ืื ืฅ ืคืจื™ื”ืžืึธืจื’ืขืŸ? 
ืก'ืื™ื– ื“ืึธืš ื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืกืขื ืื˜, ื ื™ื˜ ืžื™ื™ื ืขืจ ! 

ื™ืจื—ืžื™ืืœ-ืžื˜ืฉื” ื”ื•ื™ื‘ื˜-ืึธืŸ ื‘ืขื ืฉืขืŸ ืึท ื‘ื™ืกืขืœ ื”ืขื›ืขืจ : 

- , ื›ื›ืชื•ื‘ ื•ืึถื›ืœืช ื•ืฉื‘ืขืช...? ืื•ืŸ ืœืึธื–ื˜ ืื•ื™ืก ืžื™ื˜ ื ื ื™ื ื•ืŸ 
ืื•ืŸ ืฆื™ืงืขืœื˜ ื–ื™ืš: ,ืขืœ ื”ืึธ -ืึท -ืึธ- ืึธืจืฅ ื•ืข? ื”ืžื–ื•ืŸ". 

ื™ืจื—ืžื™ืืœ-ืžืฉื”'ื›ืข ืœืึธื–ื˜ ื“ื•ืจืš ืึท ืžื™ื ื•ื˜ ืื•ืŸ ื—ื•ื™ื‘ื˜ ืึธืŸ ื•ื•ื™ื™ื˜ืขืจ : 

-- ืึท ืžื™ืŸ ืจืฆื™ื—ื—! ืึท ืžื™ืŸ ื›ืขืก! ืขืก ื”ืึธื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืื™ืŸ ืื™ื”ื ืึท 
ื‘ื™ืกืขืœ ืฆืขื‘ืจืขื ื˜ ืึท ืคื™ื™ืขืจ! ืžืข ื–ืึธืœ ื‘ืึทื”ื™ื˜ ืื•ืŸ ื‘ืึทืฐืึธื”ืจืขื ื˜ 
ื•ื•ืขืจืขืŸ ! 

ื™ืจื—ืžื™ืืœื™ืžืฉื” ื”ืขื›ืขืจื˜ ื“ืึธืก ืงื•? ื ืึธืš ืฉื˜ืืจืงืขืจ ; 

--- , ืœืขื“ ืœื—ืŸ ื•ืœื—ืกื“ ื•ืœืจื—ืžื™ื ื•ืœืจื•ื— ื”ืฆืœื” ื•ื”ืฆืœื—ื”"... 

--- ื“ืื›ื˜ ื–ื™ืš, ืคืืจืกืขื—ืจื˜ 4 --- ื–ืึธื’ื˜ ื™ืจื—ืžื™ืืœ-ืžืฉื”'ื›ืข. -- 
ืึทื–ืŸ ืžืข ื“ืขืจื”ืขืจื˜ ื™ืฉื•ืขื•ืช ื•ื ื—ืžื•ืช ืื•ื™ืฃ ืื™ื“ืขืŸ, ื‘ืึทื“ืึทืจืฃ, ืื“ืจื‘ื”, 
ื—ื ืื” ื˜ื”ื•ืŸ ? | 

ื™ืจื—ืžื™ืืœ-ืžืฉื” ื”ืขื›ืขืจื˜ ื“ืึธืก ืกื•ืœ ื ืึธืš ืฉื˜ืึทืจืงืขืจ ; 

--- , ื‘ืจื›ื” ื•ื™ืฉื•ืขื” ื ื—ืžื” ืคึผืจื ืกื” ื•ื›ืœื›ืœื” ื•ืจื—ืžื™ื ื•ื—ื™ื™ื ื•ืฉืœื•ื 
ื•ื›ืœ ื˜ื•ื‘ {... 

ื™ืจื—ืžื™ืืœ-ืžืฉื”'ื›ืข ื•ื•ื™ืœ ื ื™ื˜ ืื ืฉื•ื•ื™ื’ืขืŸ ื•ื•ืขืจืขืŸ : 

--- ืคืจืขื’ ืื™ื—ื, ืึทืฉื˜ื™ื™ื ืขืจ, ืฐืึธืก ืื”ืจื˜ ื“ืึธืก ืื™ื”ื ? ืฐืึธืก 
ื“ืขืจืœืขื’ื˜ ืขืจ ื“ืึธ ? ื ื—ืžืŸ-ืœื™ื‘ ืฐื•ืขื˜ ืžืขื ืขืŸ ื–ื™ืฆืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื”ืึธืœื˜ืข 4 ืœื™ืึธืŸ 
ื™ืขืจ ื–ื™ืฆืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื’ืขื”ืึทืงื˜ืข ื•ื•ืื•ื ื“ืขืŸ {! ืขืก ื–ืึธืœ ืžื™ืš ืึธื ื”ื•ื™ื‘ืขืŸ ืฆื• 
ืึทื”ืจืขืŸ !... ืฆืขื–ืขืฆื˜ืขืจื”ื™ื™ืจ !... 

ื™ืจื—ืžื™ืืœ-ืžืฉื” ื–ื™ื“ื˜. ื•ื™ ืึท ืงืขืกืขืœ, ื”ืืœื˜ืึทืฒื™ืŸ ื“ืขื ื›ืขืก ืื™ืŸ 
ื–ื™ืš ื•ื™ ื•ื•ื™ื™ื˜ ืขืจ ืงืึธืŸ ืื•ืŸ ื”ื•ื™ื‘ื˜ ืึถืŸ ื–ืึธื’ืขืŸ ื“ื™ ,ื”ืจื—ืžื ืก" ื ืึธืš 
ื”ืขื›ืขืจ ืื•ืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ื ื•ื•ื™ื™ื ืขื ื“ื™ื ืขืŸ ื ื™ื ื•ืŸ. | 

ืึท ืžืขื ืฉ ืื™ื– ืจืึธืš ืึธื‘ืขืจ ื ื™ื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ืึทื™ื–ืขืŸ. ื™ืจื—ืžื™ื?-ืžืฉื”'ื›ืข 
ื˜ืึทื˜ืฉืขื˜ ืื™ื”ื ืึทื–ื•ื™ ืœืึทื ื’, ื‘ื™ืŸ ืขืจ ื ืขืžื˜-ืฆื•ื ื•ื™ืฃ ื‘ื™ื™ืจืข ืงื•ืœืขืงืขืก 


ืื•ื ื“ืขืจื˜ ืื•ื•ื ื˜ | 115 


ืฉืงืขื’ืขืŸ ืื™ื”ืจ ืคึผื ื™ื, ืกืจื™ืฆื˜ ื˜ื™ื˜ ื“ื™ ืฆื™ื™ื”ืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืฉืจื™ื™ื˜-ืื•ื™ืก ืื•ื™ืฃ 
ื ืงื•ืœ: 
--- ืื•ื™, ื”ืจื—ืžืŸ ื”ื•ื ื™ื‘ืจืš ืื•ืชื™ ื•ืืช ืืฉืชื™ ื•ืืช ื–ืจืขื™ ื•ืืช 


ื–ืจืข ื–ืจืขื™ ! ื˜ืคื• !... -- ืื•ืŸ ืœื•ื™ืคื˜-ืึทืจื•ื™ืก ืคื•ืŸ ืฉื˜ื•ื‘, ื•ื™ ืึท ืžืฉื•ื’ืข- 
ื’ืขืจ. 


48 ื’ื˜ +3 


ื ื—ืžืŸ-ืœื™ื‘. ืžื™ื˜ ื ื—ืžืŸ-ืœื™ื‘'ืขื›ืขืŸ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืึทืจื™ื‘ืขืจื ืขืคืึธื—ืจืขืŸ ืงื™ื™ืŸ 
ื—ืึธืœื˜ืข, ืื•ืŸ ื™ืจื—ืžื™ืืœ-ืžืฉื” ืžื™ื˜ ื™ืจื—ืžื™ืืœ-ืžืฉื”'ื›ืขืŸ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืคืขืจ- 
ื‘ืœื™ื‘ืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื‘ืึธื”ืึธืคึผืึธืœื™ืข ืขื“ ื”ื™ื•ื ื”ื–ื” { 


ืงื™ืข 
ื™.ื™ 


ืžื™ื™ืŸ ืขืจืฉืžืขืจ ืฐืึธืžืึทืŸ 


ื‘ื™ 


ื’ืขืฉืฑื™ื’ืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื™ืื”ืจ 1903 


ืžื™ื™ืŸ ืขืจืฉื˜ืขืจ ืจืึธืžืึทืŸ 


ืืจื•ื™ ืืก ืจืื  ืจื›ืฉื™ 


ื“ืึธื˜ ืขืจื”ืฉื˜ืข ืกืงืึทืคึผื™ื˜ืขืคึฟ. 
ื•ื“ื™ ืขืจืฉื˜ืข ืฉื˜ืขืœืข ืื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ื›ื— ืคื•ืŸ ืคึผืจืึทื˜ืขืงืฆื™ืข). 


ื•ื•ืขืจ ืขื ื”ืึธื˜ ืคืขืจื–ื•ื›ื˜ ื“ืขื ื˜ืขื ืคื•ืŸ ื–ื™ืฆืขืŸ ืฉืคึผืขื˜ ื‘ื™ื™ื ืื›ื˜ 
ื ื”ื•ื ื’ืขืจื™ื ืขืจ ื‘ื™ื™ ืึท ืฉืžืขืœืฆืขื ื“ื™ื  ืœื™ื›ื˜ืข?, ืึทื™ื™ื ื’ืขื—ื™ืœื˜ ืื™ืŸ 8 
ืฆืขืจื™ืกืขืŸ ืคืขืœืฆืขืœ, ืื•ืŸ ื—ื–ืจ'ืขืŸ ื ืจืืžืื˜ื™ืงืข: ืื™ืžืขื ื™ื˜ืขืœื ืขื™ -- 
ื‘ื™ืขืœืขื™ ืคื•ื•ื™ืขื–ืฉืขื™ ื—ืœื™ืขื‘ { ืจืึทื“ื™ื˜ืขืœื ืขื™ --- ื‘ื™ืขืœืึทื”ืึธ ืกื•ื•ื™ืขื–ืฉืึท- 
ื”ื ื”ืœื™ืขื‘ื; ื“ืึทื˜ืขืœื ืขื™ -- ื‘ื™ืขืœืืžืื• ืกื•ื•ื™ืขื–ืฉืขืžืื• ื—ืœื™ืขื‘ืื•, 
ืื•ืŸ ื‘ืฉืขืช ืžืขืฉื” ื–ืึธืœ ื–ื™ืš ื’ืœื•ื˜ื˜ืขืŸ ื—ืึธื˜ืฉ ื ืฉื•ื•ืืจืฅ ืึทืœื˜ ื’ืขื‘ืืงืขืŸ 
ืฉื˜ื™ืงืขืœ ื‘ืจื•ื™ื˜ --- ืื•ืŸ ืก'ืื™ื– ื ื™ื˜ืึธ,,. ื•ื•ืขืจ ืขืก ื”ืึธื˜ ืžืขืจื–ื•ื›ื˜ ื“ืขื 
ื˜ืขื ืคื•ืŸ ืฉืœืึธืžืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืึท ื”ืืจื˜ืขืจ ื‘ืึทื ืง ืžื™ื˜ ืึท ื•ื•ื™ื™ื›ืขืŸ ืงื•ืœื˜ืง ืฆื• 
ืงืึธืคึผืขื ืก, ืื•ืŸ ื“ืึธืก ืœืขืžืžืคึผืขืœ ื˜ืฉืึทื“ืขื˜, ืื•ืŸ ื“ืึธืก ืงื™ื ื“ ื•ื•ื™ื™ื ื˜, ืื•ืŸ 
ื“ื™ ืึทืœื˜ืข ืฐืึธืจื˜ืฉืขื˜... ื•ืขืจ ืขืก ื”ืึธื˜ ืคืขืจื–ื•ื›ื˜ ื“ืขื ื˜ืขื ืคื•ืŸ ื 
ืคึผืึทืจ ืฉื˜ื™ื•ื•ืขืœ, ืฐืึธืก ืื™ื™ืŸ ืึธืคึผืฆืืกื ืื™ื– ืึธืคึผื ืขืฉืคึผื•ื•ื ื’ืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืึท ืคืึทื“ืฒ 
ืžืขื˜ืงืข ืฉืœืขืคึผื˜ ื–ื™ืš ื ืึธืš ืื•ืŸ ืงื•ื•ืึทื˜ืฉืงืขื˜, ืื•ืŸ ืื™ื”ืจ ืงืึธื ื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ืื™ื”ืš 
ื‘ืฉื•ื ืื•ืคืŸ ื ื™ื˜ ืคึผื˜ื•ื“ ื•ื•ืขืจืขืŸ... ื•ืขืจ ืขืก ื”ืึธื˜ ืคืขืจื•ื•ื›ื˜ ื“ืขื ื˜ืขื˜ 
ืคื•ืŸ ืึธืคึผื˜ืจืึธื ืขืŸ ื“ืขื ื–ื™ื™ื ืขืจ ืื™ืŸ ืœืึธืžื‘ืึทืจื“ ืึทืจื™ื™ืŸ, ืื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืœืึธืž" 
ื‘ืึทืจื“ ืฐื•ื•ื™ืœ ืื™ื”ื ื ื™ื˜ ืึธื ื ืขืžืขืŸ, ืžื—ืžืช ื“ื™ ืงืึธืคึผืขืจื˜ืข ืื™ื– ื ื™ื˜ ืคื•ืŸ 
ืจื™ื™ืŸ ื–ื™ืœื‘ืขืจ ืื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื’ืขื“ืขืจื™ื ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื ื™ื˜ ื•ื•ืขืจื˜ื” ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืคื™ืขืจืขืจ.. 
ื•ื•ืขืจ ืขืก ื”ืึธื˜ ืคืขืจื–ื•ื›ื˜ ื“ืขื ื˜ืขื ืคื•ืŸ ื‘ืขื˜ืขืŸ ื‘ื™ื™ ื ื’ื•ื˜ืขืŸ ืžืจื™ื™ื ืจ 


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100 | ืฉืœื•ื˜-ืขืœื•ื›ื 


8 ื ืžื™ืœื•ืช-ื—ืกื“, ืื•ืŸ ืขืจ ืœึฟืึธื–ื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืคึฟืึทื ื’ ื ื™ื˜ ื‘ืขื˜ืขืŸ, ืœืขื ื˜-ืืจื™ื™ืŸ ื“ื™ 
ื”ืึทื ื“ ืื™ืŸ ืงืขืฉืขื ืข ืื•ืŸ ื—ืึทืคึผื˜ืืจื•ื™ืก ื“ืึธืก ื‘ื™ื™ื˜ืขืœืข ืื•ืŸ ืฉื•ื•ืขื—ืจื˜ 
ืื™ื™ืš, ืื– ืขืจ ื”ืึธื˜ ื ื™ื˜ ืึท ื ืจืึธืฉืขืŸ... ื•ื•ืขืจ ืขืก ื”ืึธื˜ ื“ืึธืก ืืœืกื“ื™ื ื’ 
ืคืขืจื–ื•ื›ื˜, ืึทืœื™ื™ืŸ ืื™ื‘ืขืจื’ืขืœืขื‘ื˜, -- ื“ืขืจ ื•ื•ืขื˜ ืžื™ืš ืืžืฉืจ ืคืขืจ- 
ืฉื˜ืขื”ืŸ, ื•ื™ ืื–ื•ื™ ืกื™ืจ ืื™ื– ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ืขืจ ื ืฉืžื”, ืื– ืื™ืš ื”ืึธื‘ ื‘ืข- 
ืงื•ืžืขืŸ ื ืฉื˜ืขืœืข -- ื“ื™ ืขืจืฉื˜ืข ืฉื˜ืขืœืข -- ืคื•ืŸ ืฆื•ื•ืขืœืฃ ืงืึทืจื‘ืขืŸ 
ื ื”ื•ื“ืฉ ืžื™ื˜ ืงืขืกื˜ ืื•ืŸ ืงื•ื•ืืจื˜ื™ืจ ืื•ืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืึทืœืขื ื’ืจื™ื™ื˜ืขืŸ ! 

ืฐื•ื™ ืึทื–ืฑ ืื™ืš ื”ืึธื‘ ื“ื™ ืฉื˜ืขืœืข ื‘ืขืงื•ืžืขืŸ --- ื•ื•ื™ืœ ืื™ืš ืื™ื™ืš ื ื™ืฉื˜ 
ื‘ืขืžื™ื”ืขืŸ, ืื•ืŸ ืื™ืš ืžื™ื™ืŸ, ืึทื– ืื™ืš ื‘ื™ืŸ ื ืึธืจ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืžื—ื•ื™ื‘ ืื™ื™ืš ืึทืœืก- 
ื“ื™ื ื’ ื“ืขืจืฆืขื”ืœืขืŸ, ืึทื– ืื™ืš ื”ืึธื‘ ืึท ืคืขื˜ืขืจ, ืื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืคืขื˜ืขืจ ื”ืึธื˜ ืึท 
ืžื•ื—ืžืข, ืื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืžื•ื”ืžืข ื”ืึธื˜ ืึท ื‘ืขืงืึทื ื˜ืขืŸ, ืื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ื‘ืขืงืื ื˜ืขืจ ื”ืึธื˜ 
ืึท ืงืจื•ื‘, ืื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืžื•ื”ืžืข ื”ืื˜ ื ืžื—ื•ืชืŸ ื–ืขื—ืจ ื ืจื™ื™ื›ืขืŸ, ื ืืจ ื ืคึผืจืึธืก- 
ื˜ืขืŸ ื‘ืขืœ-ื”ื‘ื™ืช, ืฐืึธืก ืฐืึธื”ื ื˜ ืื™ืŸ ืึท ื“ืึธืจืฃ, ื”ืึธื˜ ื ื•ื•ื”ืŸ ื ื‘- 
ื™ื—ื™ื“ ืื•ืŸ ื–ื•ื ื˜ ื ืœืขื”ืจืขืจ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืื™ื“ื™ืฉ ืื•ืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืจื•ืกื™ืฉ ืื•ืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ 
ื“ื™ื™ื˜ืฉ ืื•ืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื‘ื•ื›ื—ืฉืœื˜ืขืจื™ืข, ืื•ืŸ ื–ืึธืœ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื˜ ื˜ืื˜ืขื 'ืก ื ืงื™ื ืจ, 
ืื•ืŸ ื–ืึธืœ ืงืึธืกืžืขืŸ ืฐืึธืœืฐืขืœ --- ืคึผื•ื ืงื˜ ืึธื ื ืขืžืึธืคึผื˜ืขืŸ ืžืึทืจ ืžื™ืจ! ืื•ืŸ 
ืื•ืš ื”ืึธื‘ ืื ื’ืขื•ื•ืขื ื“ื˜ ืึทืœืข ืžื•ื™ื ืข ื›ื—ื•ืช ืื•ืŸ ืื™ืš ื‘ื™ืŸ ืึทืฐืขืงื’ืขืœืึธืคืขืŸ 
ืฆื•ื ืคืขื˜ืขืจ ืื•ืŸ ื”ืึธื‘ ื’ืขื‘ืขื˜ืขืŸ ื“ืขื ืคืขื˜ืขืจ, ืขืจ ื–ืึธืœ ื‘ืขื˜ืขืŸ ื“ื™ 
ืคื•ื—ืžืข, ืึทื– ื–ื™ ื–ืึธืœ ื‘ืขื˜ืขืŸ ื“ืขื ื‘ืขืงืื ื˜ืขืŸ, ืื– ืขืจ ื–ืึธืœ ื‘ืขื˜ืขืŸ ื“ืขื 
ืงืจื•ื‘, ืึทื– ื“ืขืจ ืงืจื•ื‘ ื–ืึธืœ ืคื•ืขืœ'ืขืŸ ื‘ื™ื™ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืžื—ื•ืชืŸ ื“ืขื ืจื™ื™ื›ืขืŸ ื‘ืขืœ" 
ื”ื‘ื™ืช, ืื– ืขืจ ื–ืึธืœ ื ืขืžืขืŸ ืžื™ืš, ื ื™ื˜ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืื ื“ืขืจืขืŸ, ืฐืึธืจื•ื ืฉื—ื•ืฅ ืžื™ืจ 
ืื•ื– ืคืืจื—ืืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืžืึทื–ืขืคึผืขื•ื•ืกืข ื ืึธืš ืื–ืขืœื›ืข ื‘ื—ื•ืจื™ืž'ืœืขืš, ืฐืึธืก ืงืข- 
ื ืขืŸ ืื™ื“ื™ืฉ ืื•ืŸ ืจื•ืกื™ืฉ ืื•ืŸ ื“ื™ื™ื˜ืฉ ืื•ืŸ ื‘ื•ื›ื”ืึทืœื˜ืขืจื™ืข, ืื•ืŸ ืฐืึธืก 
ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืื™ื™ืš ื’ืจื™ื™ื˜ ืฆื• ืคืึทื”ืจืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ื•ื•ืขืœื˜ ืืจื™ื™ืŸ, ืื‘ื™ ื ืฉื˜ื™- 
ืงืข? ื‘ืจื•ื™ื˜. ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืึทื–ืฑื™ ื’ื™ืš ื”ืื ืคื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ืขืœ-ื”ื›ื™ืช ืืจื•ื™ืกื ืขืจืขื“ื˜ 
ื“ืึธืก ื’ื•ื˜ืข ืฐืึธืจื˜, ืึทื– ืขืจ ื ืขืกืžื˜ ืžื™ืš ; ืขืจ ื”ืึธื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืœืึทื ื’ ื’ืขืฉืœืึธ- 
ื ืขืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ื“ืขืจ ื“ืขื—;: ืขืจืฉื˜ืขื ืก, ืฆื™ ื–ืึธืœ ืขืจ ื ืขืžืขืŸ ืึท ืœืขื”ืจืขืจ, ืฆื™ 
ื ื™ื™ืŸ  ?โ€ ืื•ืŸ ืฆื•ื•ื™ื™ื˜ืขื ืก, ืื•ื™ื‘ ื ืขืžืขืŸ, ืฆื• ื–ืึธืœ ืขืจ ื ืขืžืขืŸ ืžื™ืš, ืฆื™ ืึตื™ื™ืŸ 
ืื ื“ืขืจืขืŸ? ื‘ื™ืŸ ื’ืึธื˜ ื”ืึธื˜ ื ืขื”ืึธืœืคืขืŸ, ืก'ืื™ื– ื‘ื™ื™ ืื™ื”ื ื’ืขื‘ืœื™ื‘ืขืŸ, 
ื˜ื– ืขืจ ื–ืึธืœ ื™ืึธ ื ืขืžืขืŸ, ืื•ืŸ ื“ืขื“ ื’ื•ืจ? ืื™ื– ื’ืขืคืึทืœืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืžื™ืจ, ืžื—ืžืช 


ืฉื•ื•ืŸ ืขืจืฉื˜ืขืจ ืจืึธืžืึทืŸ 101 


ื“ื™ ืงืขื ื˜ืขื ื™ืฉืขืŸ (ืึทื–ืฑื™ ื”ืึธื˜ ืขืจ ื’ืขื–ืึทื ื˜) ืฉืคื™ืขืœืขืŸ ื‘ื™ื™ ืื™ื—ื ืึท ืงืœื™ื•- 
ื ืข ืจืึธืœืข; ืงืขื ืขืจืก, ื”ืึธื˜ ืขืจ ื’ืขื–ืื’ื˜, ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื”ื™ื™ื ื˜ ืคึฟืึทืจื—ืืŸ ื•ื™ 
ื“ื™ ื”ื™ื ื˜; ื“ืขืจ ืขึตื™ืงืจ ืื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ื™ ืื™ื—ื, ืึทืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืœืขื”ืจืขืจ ื–ืึธืœ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ,ื 
ื˜ืึทื˜ืขื 'ื˜ ื ืงื™ื ื“". ืื•ืŸ ืึทื–ืฑื™ ืฐื™ ืื™ืš ื‘ื™ืŸ ื ื˜ืื˜ืขื 'ื˜ ื ืงื™ื ืจ, 
ื“ืขืจืคืืจ , ื ืขืžื˜ ืขืจ ืžื™ืš". ืึทื–ื•ื™ ื”ืึธื˜ ืขืจ ืžื™ืจ ื’ืขื–ืื’ื˜, ืžื™ื™ืŸ ื ื™ื™ืขืจ 
ืคืจื™ื ืฆื™ืคื?, ื’ืืจ ืื™ืš ื”ืึธื‘ ืžื•ืจื, ืื– ืขืจ ื”ืึธื˜ ื’ืขื•ืึธื’ื˜, ืžื—ื™ืœื—, ืงื•" 
ื’ืขืŸ;: ืžื™ื™ื ืข ืื™ื‘ืขืจื™ื ืข ืงืึทื ืงื•ืจืขื ื˜ืขืŸ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืš , ื˜ืึทื˜ืขื 'ื˜ ืงื™ื  
ื“ืขืจ" ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื•ื™ื ืฆื™ื ืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ืžื™ืจ, ื ืึธืšืจ ืืก ื“ืขืŸ? ื–ื›ื•ืช ืื‘ื•ึนืช, 
ืคึผืจืื˜ืขืงืฆื™ืขื˜. 

ื™ืึธ, ื’ืจื•ื™ื˜ ืื•ืŸ ืฉื˜ืืจืง ืื™ื– ื“ืขืจ ื›ื— ืคื•ืŸ ืคึผืจืึทื˜ืขืงืฆื™ืข ! ืื•ืŸ ืึท 
ื•ื•ืื•ื™ืœ ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขื ืžืขื ืฉืขืŸ, ืฐืึธืก ื”ืึธื˜ ืึท ืคืขื˜ืขืจ, ืฐืึธื˜ ืขืจ ื”ืึธื˜ 8. 
ืžื•ื”ืžืข, ืฐืึธืก ื–ื™ ื”ืึธื˜ ื ื‘ืขืงืึทื ื˜ืขืŸ, ืฐืึธืก ื™ืขื ืขืจ ื”ืึธื˜ ื ืงืจื•ื‘, ืฐืึธืก 
ืขืจ ื”ืึธื˜ ื ืคื—ื•ืชืŸ ื ืจื™ื™ื›ืขืŸ ื‘ืขืœ-ื—ื‘ื™ืช, ืฐืึธืก ื•ืึธื”ื ื˜ ืื™ืŸ ื ื“ืึธืจืฃ 
ืื•ืŸ ื”ืึธื˜ ืึท ื‘ื“ื“ื™ื—ื™ื“ ืื•ืŸ ื–ื•ื›ื˜ ืึท ืœืขื—ืจืขืจ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืื™ื“ื™ืฉ ืื•ืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ 
ืจื•ื˜ื™ืฉ ืื•ืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื‘ื•ื›ื”ืฉืœื˜ืขืจื™ืข, ืื•ืŸ ื–ืึธืœ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ 8 ื˜ืื˜ืขื 'ื 8 
ืกื™ื ื“", ืื•ืŸ ืก'ื–ืึธืœ ืงืึธืกื˜ืขืŸ ืฐืึธืœืฐืข? }.. 


ืจ ืึธ ืก ืฆื•ื•ื™ื™ื˜ืข ืงืืคึผื™ื˜ืขืœ. 
ืžื™ื™ืŸ ืคืจื™ื ืฆื™ืคืืœ? ืคืขืจื•ืฐื•ื™ืขื’ื˜ ืกื™ืจ ืžื™ื˜ ื–ื™ื™ื ืข ื ื•ื•ืžื•ืช, ืื•ืŸ ืื™ืš ื”ืึทื˜ 8 ื“ืจื™ืžืขืœืŸ, 


ื•ื•ืขืจ ืื™ื– ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ืžื™ื™ืŸ ืคืจื™ื ืฆื™ืคืืœ? โ€ ืฐืึธืกื ืื™ืŸ ืขืจ ื’ืขืฐืขืŸ? 
ืฐืึธืก ืคืืจ ื ืคื ื™ื ื”ืึธื˜ ืขืจ ื’ืขื”ืึธื˜: ืฆื™ ื ื”ื•ื™ื›ืขืจ, ืฆื™ ื ื ื™ื“ืขืจื™- 
ืขืจ  ?โ€ ืฆื™ ื ื“ื™ื ืขืจ, ืฆื™ ื ื’ืจืึธื‘ืขืจ? ืฆื™ ื ื ืขืœืขืจ, ืฆื™ ื ืฉืฐืึทืจ- 
ืฆืขืจ 4 ืื™ืš ืžื™ื™ืŸ, ืึทื– ืก'ืื™ื– ืื™ื™ืš ื ื™ืก ืึทื–ื•ื™ ื ื•ื™ื˜ื™ื’ ืฆื• ื•ื•ื™ืกืขืŸ, ื•ื™ 
ืื–ื•ื™ ืžืข ื“ื•ืคื˜ ืื™ื”ื --- ืื™ื– ืื™ื™ืš, ื“ืื›ื˜ ืžื™ืจ, ืื•ื™ืš ื ื™ื˜ ื ื•ื ืข ืื™ืŸ 
ืœืขื‘ืขืŸ. ืขืก ืงืึธืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ, ืื– ืขืจ ืœืขื‘ื˜ ื ืึธืš ืขืจื’ื™ืฅ, ืคึผืึทืกื˜ ืžื™ืจ ื ืึธืจ ื ื™ื˜, 
ืื™ืš ื–ืึธืœ ืึทืจื•ื™ืกืฉื˜ืขืœืขืŸ ื“ืขื ื ืึธืžืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ื ืขื. ืœึนืึดื ืื™ืš ืึทื™ื™ืš ื‘ืขืกืขืจ 
ืื™ื‘ืขืจื’ืขื‘ืขืŸ ื“ืขื ืฉืžื•ืขืก, ืฐืึธืก ืžื™ืจ ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ ื’ืขื”ืึทื˜ ื“ืึธืก ืขืจืฉื˜ืข 


129 ืฉืœื•ื-ืขืœื•ื‘ื 


ืžืึธืœ, ื‘ืฉืขืช ืขืจ ื”ืึธื˜ ืžื™ืš ื ืขื ื•ืžืขืŸ ืฆื• ื–ื™ืš ืื™ืŸ ืฐืึธื’ืขืŸ ืึทืจื™ืŸ -- ืึท 
ื ืึทื ืฅ ืคื™ื™ื ืขืจ ืขืงื™ืคึผืึทื–ืฉ ืžื™ื˜ ืฆื•ื•ื™ื™ ืฉืขื ืข ืคืขืจื“ -- ืื•ืŸ ื”ืึธื˜ ืžื™ืš 
ืžื›ื‘ื“ ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ืึท ืฆื™ื ืึทืจ -- ื“ื™ ืขืจืฉื˜ืข ืฆื™ื ืึทืจ, ืฐืึธืก ืื™ืš ื”ืึธื‘ 
ืื•ื™ืฃ ืžื™ื™ืŸ ืœืขื‘ืขืŸ ืคืขืจืจื•ื™ื›ืขืจื˜ ืื•ืŸ ืฐืึธืก ื”ืึธื˜ ืžื™ืš ืึธืคึผื’ืขืงืฑืœืขื˜ 
ืื•ื™ืฃ ืื™ื™ื‘ื™ื’. 

-- ืคืึธื”ืจื˜ ืื™ื”ืจ ืืจื•ื™ืก, ื”ื™ื™ืกื˜ ื“ืึธืก, ื™ื•ื ื’ืขืจืžืึทืŸ, ื“ืึธืก ืขืจืฉ- 
ื˜ืข ืžืึธืœ ืคื•ืŸ ืฉื˜ืึธื“ื˜ ืื™ืŸ ื“ืึธืจืฃ ืึทืจื™ื™ืŸ ? --- ืึทื–ืฑ ืžืึทื›ื˜ ืขืจ ืฆื• ืžื™ืจ 
ืื•ืŸ ืงื•ืงื˜ ืื•ื™ืค'ืŸ ื’ืจื•ื™ืขืŸ ืืฉ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืฉืฐืึทืจืฆืขืจ ืฆื™ื’ืึทืจ. -- ืื™ื”ืจ 
ืงืขืจื˜ ืื•ื“ืื™ ืžื™ื™ื ืขืŸ, ื™ื•ื ื’ืขืจืžืึทืŸ, ืึทื– ื ื“ืึธืจืฃ ืื™ื– ืžื™ ื™ื•ื“ืข ืฐืึธืก, 
ืื•ืŸ ืžื™ืจ, ื“ืึธืจืคืกืื™ื“ืขืŸ, ื•ื•ื™ื™ืกืขืŸ ื ื™ื˜ ืฐืึธืก ื ื•ื˜ ืื™ื– ? ืื™ื”ืจ ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื–ื™ืš 
ืคืึทืจื’ื™ื ืขืŸ ืึธื ืงื•ืงืขืŸ, ื™ื•ื ื ืขืจืžืึทืŸ, ืึท ื–ื™ืฆืขื›ื˜ืก ืคื•ืŸ ืึท ื“ืึทืจืคืกืื™ื“, ืึท 
ืฉื˜ื•ื‘ ืžื™ื˜ ืึท ื”ื•ื™ืฃ ืžื™ื˜ ืึท ื’ืึธืจื˜ืขืŸ -- ืึท ืคึผืึทืœืึทืฅ, ืึท ื“ืฐืึธืจืขืฅ ! 
ื—ื“ืจื™ื ืื•ืŸ ื—ื“ืจื™ืž'ืœืขืš, ืื™ืš ื–ืึธืœ ืึทื™ื™ืš ื–ืึธื’ืขืŸ, ื™ื•ื ื’ืขืจืžืึทืŸ, ื‘ื ื’ื•ื–ืžื, 
ื›ืžืขื˜ ื™ื– ืฆืฐืึทื ืฆื™ื . ืฐืึธืก ื–ืึธื’ ืื™ืš ืฆืฐืึทื ืฆื™ื’ ? ืึทืจื™ื‘ืขืจ ื“ืจื™ื™ืกื™ื’ ! 
ืึดื™, ืฆื• ืฐืึธืก ื“ืึทืจืฃ ืื™ืš ืึทื–ืฑ ืคื™ืข? ื—ื“ืจื™ื 4 ืื™ืš ื•ื•ื™ื™ืก ืึทืœื™ื™ืŸ ื ื™ื˜ : 
ืฆื•ืœื™ืขื‘ ื“ื™ ื ืขืกื˜,. ืขืก ืงื•ืžืขืŸ ืฆื• ืžื™ืจ ืึธืคึผื˜ืžืึธืœ ื ืขืกื˜. ืฐืึธืก ื–ืึธื’ 
ืื™ืš ืึธืคื˜ืžืึธืœ ? ืึทืœืข ืฐืึธืš, ืึทืœืข ื˜ืึธื’. ื ื™ื˜ืึธ ื“ืขืจ ื˜ืึธื’, ืกืข ื–ืึธืœ 
ื ื™ื˜ ืงื•ืžืขืŸ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ื ืึทืกื˜, ืฆื•ื•ื™ื™ ื’ืขืกื˜, ื“ืจื™ื™ ื’ืขืกื˜, ืื•ืŸ ื ืึธืš ืฐืึธืกืขืจืข 
ื ืขืกื˜! ืึท ืคึผืจื™ืฅ, ืึท ืคึผืจื™ืกื˜ืึทื•ื•, ืึทื™ื™ืŸ ืื™ืกืคึผืจืึทืฐื ื™ืง, ื ืžื™ืจืึธืฐืึฟ 
ืื™ืš ืœืขื‘ ืžื™ื˜ ื–ื™ื™ ืึทืœึถืข ื–ืขื”ืจ ื ื•ื˜. ืœึนืึดื ืื™ืš ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ ื“ื™ ื‘ืจื›ื•ืช, 
ื•ื•ื™ืคื™ืขืœ ืžืึธืœ ืกืข ืžืึทื›ื˜ ื–ื™ืš: ืื™ืš ื–ืขื” ื ืงืึทืจืขื˜ืข ืžื™ื˜ ืคื™ืขืจ 
ืคืขืจื“ ืคืึธื”ืจื˜-ืฆื• ื ืœื™ื™ืš ืฆื•ื ื’ืึทื ื™ืง; ืคืจืขื’ ืื™ืš; ืฐืขืจ ืื™ื– ื“ืึธืก 
ื ืขืงื•ืžืขืŸ ? ื–ืึธื’ื˜ ืžืขืŸ ืžื™ืจ: ื™ืขื•ื•ืึธ ืคึผืจืขืฐืึทืกื—ืึธื“ื™ื˜ืขืœืกื˜ืฐืึธ, ื“ืึธืก 
ื”ื™ื™ืกื˜, ื“ืขืจ ื’ื•ื‘ืขืจื ืึทื˜ืึธืจ ืึทืœื™ื™ืŸ... ื ื•, ืงืึธืŸ ืžืขืŸ ื ื™ื ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืงื™ื™ืŸ 
ื“ื‘ืจ-ืื—ืจ, ืื•ืŸ ืžืข ืžื•ื– ืื™ื”ื ืื•ื™ืคื ืขืžืขืŸ, ืฐื™ ืกืข ืงืขื”ืจ ืฆื• ื–ื™ื™ืŸ, 
ืื™ื”ื ืึธืคึผื˜ืจืขื˜ืขืŸ ื“ื™ ื’ืจืขืกื˜ืข ื—ื“ืจื™ื ืžื™ื˜'ืŸ ื’ืึทื ืฆืขืŸ ื’ืึธืจื˜ืขืŸ. ืื•ืŸ 
ื‘ื™ื™ ืžื™ืจ ืึท ื’ืึธืจื˜ืขืŸ --- ืžืขื’ ืžืขืŸ ืื™ื”ื ืึธื ืงื•ืงืขืŸ ! ื ืฐืึทืœื“, ื ื™ื˜ ืงื™ื™ืŸ 
ื’ืึธืจื˜ืขืŸ ! ืžื™ื™ื ืข ืขืคึผืขืœ, ืžื™ื˜ ืžื™ื™ื ืข ื‘ืึทืจืขืŸ, ืžื™ื˜ ืžื™ื™ื ืข ืคืœื•ื™ืžืขืŸ ! 
ื”ื™ื™ื ื˜ ื•ื•ื™ื™ื ื˜ืจื•ื™ื‘ืขืŸ ? ืึทืœืกื“ื™ื ื’ ืื™ื– ื‘ื™ื™ ืžื™ืจ, ื‘ืจื•ืš ื”ืฉื, ืคืึทืจื”ืึทืŸ 
ืื™ื™ื’ืขื ืก : ื•ื•ื™ืฉื ื™ืก ืคื•ืŸ ืžื™ื™ื ืข ื•ื•ื™ื™ื ืฉืขืœ, ืื•ืŸ ื•ื•ื™ื™ืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ืžื™ื™ื ืข ืฐื™ื™ื ึผ" 


ืžื•ื™ืŸ ืขืจืฉื˜ืขืจ ืจืึธืžืึทืŸ 1208 


ื˜ืจื•ื™ื‘ืขืŸ, ืื•ืŸ ืจืึธื–ื™ื ืงืขืก ืื™ื™ื ืขื ืข, ืื•ืŸ ืึทืคื™ืœื• ืคื™ืฉ ืื•ื™ืš ืื™ื™ื’ืขื ืข 
ืคื•ื 'ื ืื™ื™ื’ืขื ืขื ื˜ื™ื™ืš, ืื•ืŸ ื ืึธืš ืฐืึธืกืขืจืข ืคื™ืฉ, ืงืึทืจืขืกืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืงืึทืฑ" 
ืคึผืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืฉืœื™ื™ืขืŸ ืื•ึนืŸ ืœืขืฉื˜ืฉืขืก -- ืœืขืฉื˜ืฉืขืก ืึดื˜ ืึทื–ืขืœื›ืข 
ืึธ... --- ื“ืขืจื‘ื™ื™ ื˜ื—ื•ื˜ ืžื™ื™ืŸ ืคึผืจื™ื ืฆื™ืคึผืึทืœ ื ืžืึทืš ืžื™ื˜ ื‘ื™ื™ื“ืข ื”ืขื ื“ 
ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขื“ ื‘ืจื™ื™ื˜, ืื•ืŸ ืื™ืš ื‘ื•ื™ื’ ื–ื™ืš ืึธืŸ ืึทื‘ื™ืกืขืœ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื ื–ื™ื™ื˜, ื‘ื›ื“ื™ 
ืื™ืš ื–ืึธืœ ืื™ื”ื ืงืึธื ืขืŸ ื“ื•ืจื›ืœืึธื–ืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ื ืข ืœืขืฉื˜ืฉืขื.. 

ืขืจ ื”ืขืจื˜ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืฆื• ื“ืขืจืฆืขื”ืœืขืŸ ื’ื•ื–ืžื•ืช, ืื•ืŸ ืื™ืš ื”ืึธืจืš, 
ื”ืึธืจืš ืžื™ื˜ ืงืึธืคึผ, ืฉืœื™ื ื’, ืฉืœื™ื ื’ ื“ื™ ื•ื•ืขืจื˜ืขืจ,. ื“ื™ ืงืึทืจืขื˜ืข ื•ื™ืขื ื˜ 
ื–ื™ืš ื•ื™ ื ื•ื•ื™ืขื’ื‘ืขื˜ืข?, ื“ื™ ืคืขืจื“ืœืขืš ืฉืžื™ื™ืกืขืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ ื•ื•ื™ื™ื“ืœืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ 
ืงื•ื™ืคืขืŸ, ืœื•ื™ืคืขืŸ ืึธื—ืŸ ืึตื™ื™ืŸ ืึธืคึผืฉื˜ืขืœ, ืื•ืŸ ืื™ืš ืงืึธืŸ ืึทื™ื™ืš ืึทืงื•ืจืึธื˜ ื ื™ื˜ 
ื–ืึธื’ืขืŸ, ืฆื™ ืคื•ื 'ื ื•ื•ื™ืขื ืขืŸ ื–ื™ืš ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ื•ื•ื™ื™ื›ืขืจ ืงืึทืจืขื˜ืข, ืฆื™ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ 
ืžืคืขืจืจ'ืก ืฉืžื™ื™ืกืขืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ ื•ื•ื™ื™ื“ืœืขืŸ, ืฆื™ ืืคืฉืจ ืคื•ื 'ื ืคึผืจื™ื ืฆื™ืคึผืึทืœ'ืก 
ื’ื•ื–ืžื•ืช --- ืื™ืš ื—ื•ื™ื‘ ืึถืŸ ืฆื• ื—ืึทืคึผืขืŸ ื ื“ืจื™ืžืขืœ,,,. ืขืก ืื™ืŸ ื ืฉืขื ืข 
ื•ื•ืืจืขืžืข ื–ื•ืžืขืจื™ื ืึทื›ื˜! ื ื’ืจื™ื ื’ ืฐื™ื ื˜ืขืœ ืคืขืจ'ื ื ื‘ื”'ื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืึทืœืข 
ืžืึธืœ ืื•ืŸ ื˜ื”ื•ื˜ ืžื™ืš ืึท ืฉืžื™ืจ, ืึท ื’ืœืขื˜, ืฐื™ ืžื™ื˜ ืกืึทืžืขื˜, ืื™ื‘ืขืจ'ืŸ 
ืคึผื ื™ื, ืื•ืŸ ืื™ืš ื•ื•ืขืจ ืึทื ืฉืœืึทืคืขืŸ, ืื•ืŸ ืคื•ื 'ื ืฉืœืึธืฃ ื”ืขืจ ืื™ืš, ืึทื– ืžื™ื™ืŸ 
ืคึผื“ื™ื ืฆื™ืคึผืึธืœ ื—ืจืืคึผืขื˜ ื’ืขืฉืžืึทืง. 

ืึทื– ืžื™ืจ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื’ืขืงื•ืžืขืŸ ืฆื• ืคืึธื”ื“ืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืค'ืŸ ืึธืจื˜, ื”ืึธื˜ ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ื“ื™ 
ื–ื•ืŸ ื’ืขื”ืื˜ ืื™ื™ื ื’ืขืคืึธื”ืจืขืŸ ืึท ืฉื˜ื™ืง ื”ื™ืžืขืœ?ืœ; ืจื™ื™ืŸ ืื™ื– ื–ื™ ื’ืขืฐืขืŸ, 
ื“ื™ ื™ืคื—ืคื™ื—, ืจื™ื™ืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืœื•ื™ื˜ืขืจ, ืœื™ื›ื˜ื™ื’ ืื•ืŸ ืœืขื‘ืขื“ื™ื’, ื’ืขืฉืžื™ื™ื‘ืขืœื˜ 
ืฆื• ืžื™ืจ ื ืึธืจ ืคืจื™ื™ื ื“ืœื™ืš ืื•ืŸ ืึธืคึผื ืขื ื’ืขื‘ืขืŸ ืžื™ืจ ืื•ื™ืคืŸ ื ื™ื™ืขื ืึถืจื˜ 8 
ืฉืขื ืขื, ืึท ื‘ืจื™ื™ื˜ืขืŸ ื ื•ื˜-ืžืึธื•ื ืขืŸ. 


ื“ืึธืก ื“ื•ื™ื˜ืข ืงืืคึผื™ื˜ืข? 
{ืึท ืฆืขื˜ืขืœ? ืคื•ืŸ ืœื™ื’ื ืขืจืก, ื ืงืืœื˜ืขืจ ืงื•ืง ืื•ืŸ ื ืฐืึทืจืขืžืข ืจืขืงืึทืžืขื ื“ืึทืฆื™ืขืŸ. 


ืคืึทืจื”ืึทืŸ ืึทืœืขื“ืœืฒื™ ืžื™ื ื™ื ืœื™ื ื ืขืจืก ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ืขืจ ื•ื•ืขืœื˜. ืคืึทืจื”ืึทืŸ 
ืœื™ื’ื ืขืจืก ืื–ืขืœื›ืข, ืฐืึธืก ืงื™ื™ื ืขืจ ื ื•ื™ื˜ ื–ื™ื™ ื ื™ื˜, ืงื™ื™ื ืขืจ ืฉืœืขืคึผื˜ ื–ื™ 
ื ื™ื˜ ืคืึทืจ ื“ืขืจ ืฆื•ื ื’, ื ืึธืจ ื’ืœืึธื˜ ืึทื–ืฑ --- ืก'ืื™ื– ื“ืึธ ืึท ืžื•ื™ืœ ืื•ืŸ ืกืข 


124 ืฉืœื•ื-ืขืœื•ื›ื 


ืจืขื“ื˜. ืฆื•ื•ื™ืฉืขืŸ ื“ื™ ื“ืึธื–ื™ื ืข ืœื™ื’ื ืขืจืก ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืคืืจื”ืืŸ ื“ืจื™ื™ืขืจืœื™ื™ 
ืžื™ื ื™ื: ืึท ืœื™ื ื ืขืจ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื ืขื›ื˜ืขืŸ, ืึท ืœื™ื ื ืขืจ ืืฑื™ืฃ ื”ื™ื™ื ื˜ ืื•ืŸ ืึท 
ืงื™ื ื ืขืจ ืื•ึนื™ืฃ ืžืึธืจื’ืขืŸ. ื“ืขืจ ื ืขื›ื˜ื™ื’ืขืจ ืœื™ื’ื ืขืจ ืฐืขื˜ ืื™ื™ืš ื“ืขืจ- 
ืฆืขื”ืœืขืŸ ื‘ื‘ืื“ืžืขืฉื™ื•ืช, ืฐืึธืก ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื’ืขืฉื˜ื•ื™ื’ืขืŸ, ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื’ืขืคืœื•ื™ื ืขืŸ; 
ืขืจ ื•ื•ืขื ืื™ื™ืš ืฉื•ื•ืขื”ืจืขืŸ, ืึทื– ืขืจ ืื™ื– ื“ืขืจื‘ื™ื™ ืืœื™ื™ืŸ ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ -- ืื•ืŸ 
ื’ืขื”ื ื–ื™ื™ื ื—ื•ืงืจ ื•ื“ื•ืจืฉ, ื–ื•ื›ื˜ ืขื“ื•ืช, ืœื™ื™ืงืขื ื˜ ืื™ื”ื ืึดืคึผ!.. ืึท 
ื”ื™ื™ื ื˜ื™ื’ืขืจ ืœื™ื’ื ืขืจ --- ื“ืึธืก ืื™ื– ื ื™ื˜ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืœื™ื’ื ืขืจ, ืื™ื™ื’ืขื ื˜ืœื™ืš, ื ืึธืจ 
ื˜ ื‘ืขืจื™ื—ืžืขืจ; ืขืจ ืฐืขื˜ ืื™ื™ืš ื“ืขืจืฆืขื”ืœืขืŸ, ืึทืŸ ืขืจ ื”ืึธื˜, ืึทื– ืขืจ 
ื•ื•ื™ื™ืกื, ืื– ืขืจ ืงืึธืŸ -- ืื•ืŸ ื ืขื—ื˜ ืคืขืจื”ืขืจื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืžื™ื˜ ืื™ื”ื|.. 
ื“ืขืจ ืžืึธืจื’ืขื ื“ื™ื’ืขืจ ืœื™ื’ื ืขืจ --- ื“ืึธืก ืื™ื– ื’ืœืฉื˜ ื ื’ื•ื˜ืขืจ ืžืขื ืฉ, ืฐืึธืก 
ื–ืึธื’ื˜ ื˜ื™ื™ืš ืฆื• ื’ื™ืœื“ืขื ืข ื‘ืขืจื’: ืขืจ ืฐืฒึทื˜ ื’ืขื”ืŸ, ืขืจ ื•ืฐื•ืขื˜ ืจืขืจืขืŸ, 
ืขืจ ื•ื•ืขื ื˜ื”ื•ืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ืื™ื™ืขืจื˜ื•ื•ืขื’ืขืŸ --- ืื•ืŸ ืื™ื”ืจ ื“ืืจืคื˜ ืื™ื”ื ื’ืœื•ื™ื‘ืขืŸ 
ืื•ื™ืฃ ื ืืžื ื•ืช. โ€ ื“ื™ ืึทืœืข ื“ืจื™ื™ ืžื™ื ื™ื ืœื™ื ื ืขืจืก ื•ื•ื™ื™ืกืขืŸ, ืึทื– ื–ื™ื™ ื–ืึธื’ืขืŸ 
ื ืœื™ื’ืขืŸ, ื ืึธืจ ืขืก ืžืึธื”ืœื˜ ื–ื™ืš ื–ื™ื™ ืื•ื™ืก, ืึทืŸ ื™ืขื ืขืจ ื’ืœื•ื™ื‘ื˜ ื–ื™ื™. 
ืคืืจื”ืฉืŸ ืึธื‘ืขืจ ืื–ื ืคืžื™ืŸ ืœื™ื’ื ืขืจ, ืฐืึธืก ื‘ืฉืขืช ืขืจ ื–ืึทื ื˜ืึธืคึผ ื“ืขื 
ืœื™ื ืขืŸ, ืžื™ื™ื ื˜ ืขืจ ืืœื™ื™ืŸ, ืึทื– ืขืจ ื”ืึธื˜ ื’ืขื–ืึธื’ื˜ ืึตื™ื™ืŸ ืืžืช, ืื•ืŸ ืื™ืŸ 
ืื™ื‘ืขืจืฆื™ื™ื’ื˜, ืึทื– ื™ืขื ืขืจ ืžื™ื™ื ื˜ ืื•ื™ืš, ืืŸ ืก'ืื™ืŸ ืฉื™ื™ืŸ ืืžืช, ืื•ืŸ 
ื‘ืฉืขืช ืžืขืฉื” ื”ืึธื˜ ืขืจ ื‘ืืžืช ื”ื ืื”. ื“ืึธืก ืื™ืŸ 8 ืžืขื ืฉ, ืฐืึธืก 
ืœืขื‘ื˜ ืื™ื 'ื ืขื•ืœื-ื”ื“ืžื™ื•ืŸ, ืึท ืžืขื ืฉ, ืฐืึธืก ืคืึทื ื˜ืื–ืขืจื˜. ืžืข ืงืึธืŸ 
ืฐืื’ืขืŸ : ื“ืึธื ืื™ื– ื ืžื™ืŸ ืžื—ื‘ืจ, ืฐืึธืก ืงืœืขืจื˜-ืื•ื™ื ืืœืข ืžืึธืœ ื ื ื™ื™ืข 
ืžืขืฉื”, ืžืข ื ืขืกื˜ ืฐืึธืก ืขืจ ื”ืึธื˜ ื ืขื›ื˜ืขืŸ ื“ืขืจืฆืขืชืœื˜, ืื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืžืึทื - 
ื˜ืึทื–ื™ืข ืืจื‘ื™ื™ื ื‘ื™ื• ืื™ื—ื ืึทืœืข ืžืึธืœ ื ืคืจื™ืฉืขืŸ ื’ืขื“ืึทื ืง, ืึท ืฉืคึผืึทื ืขืœ- 
ื ื™ื™ืข ืื™ืจืขืข. 

ืื˜ ืคื•ึนืŸ ื“ืขื ืœืขืฆื˜ืขืŸ ืžื™ืŸ ืœื™ื’ื ืขืจืก ืื™ื– ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ืžื™ื™ืŸ ืคึผืจื™ื ืฆื™ืคึผืึทืค. 
ืื•ื”ืจ ืคืขืจืฉื˜ืขื—ื˜ ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ืึทืœื™ื™ืŸ ื’ืึทื ืฅ ื’ื•ื˜, ืึทื– ืคื•ื 'ื ื“ืฐืึธืจืขืฅ ื”ืึธื˜ 
ื–ื™ืš ืืฑืกื ืขืœืึธื–ื˜ ืึท ื ื˜ื ืฅ ื’ืขื•ื•ืขื”ื ืœื™ื›ืขืจ ื”ื•ื™ืฃ, ืคื•ื 'ื ืคืืœืืฅ -- ื 
ื’ืื ืฅ ื’ืขื•ื•ืขื—ื ืœื™ื›ืข ืฉื˜ื•ื‘ ืžื™ื˜ ื ืกืš ื•ื•ื™ื ืฆื™ื’ืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืจื™ื™ืกื™ื’ ื—ื“ืจื™ื 
ืื•ืŸ ื—ื“ืจื™ืž'ืœืขืš. ื“ืขืจ ื’ืึธืจื˜ืขืŸ ืื™ื– ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ื ื’ืึทื ืฅ ื’ืขื•ื•ืขื”ื ืœื™ื›ืขืจ 
ื’ืึธืจื˜ืขืŸ. ืื•ื™ื'ืŸ ืึธืจื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ื•ื•ื™ื™ื ื˜ืจื•ื™ื‘ืขืŸ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ื’ืจื™ื ืข ืื ืจ?- 
ืกืขืŸ, ืื•ื™ืค'ืŸ ืึธืจื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ื•ื•ื™ื™ืŸ -- ืคึผืฉื•ื˜'ืขืจ ืขืคึผืขืœ-ืกื•ื•ืืก, ืื•ืŸ ืื•ื™ื'ืŸ 


ื˜ื™ื™ืŸ ืขืจืฉื˜ืขืจ ืจืึธื˜ืขืŸ 10 


ืืจื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื’ืจื•ื™ืกืข ืœืขืฉืฆืขื ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ืงืœื™ื™ื ืข ื”ืขื›ื˜ืœืขืš, ืื™ 
ื“ืึธืก -- ื ื™ื ืคื•ื 'ื ืื™ื™ื ืขื ืขื ื˜ื™ื™ืš, ื ืึธืจ ื’ืขื‘ืจืื›ื˜ืข ืคื•ืŸ ื˜ืืจืง.. 

ื‘ืขื’ืขื’ืขื ื˜ ื”ืึธื˜ ืื•ื ื– ืึท ื’ืจืึธื‘ืข ืื™ื“ื™ื ืข ืžื™ื˜ ืึท ืคึผืึทืง ืฉืœื™ืกืœืขืŸ. 
ื“ืขืจ ืงื•ืง, ืฐืึธืก ื–ื™ ื”ืึธื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืกื™ืจ ื’ืขืฐืึธืจืคืžืขืŸ, ืื™ื– ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ื ืงืึทืœ- 
ื˜ืขืจ ืงื•ืง, ืื•ืŸ ืžืข ืงืึธืŸ ื ื™ื˜ ื–ืึธื’ืขืŸ, ืื– ืก'ืื™ื– ืžื™ืจ ื’ืขืฐื•ืขืŸ ื–ืขื”ืฃ 
ืฉื˜ืึทืจืง ืึธื ื’ืขื ืขื”ื—ื. ื“ืขืจ ื“ืึธื–ื™ื’ืขืจ ืงื•ืง ื”ืึธื˜ ื‘ืขื“ื™ื™ื: ,ืฐืึธื ืื™ืŸ 
ื“ืึธืก ืคืืจ ืึท ืฉืœื™ื"ืžื•ืœ ?.. ืžื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ืขืœ-ื”ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืึธื˜ ื“ืขื ืงื•ืง ืคืขืจ" 
ืฉื˜ืึทื ืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ ื”ืึธื˜ ืžื™ื˜ ื ื”ื—ื ื™ืคื—'ืœืข ื•ื™ ืคืขืจืขื ื˜ืคืขืจื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืคืึทืฃ 
ืื™ื”ืจ ; 

--- ื“ืึธืก ื”ืึธื‘ ืื™ืš ื’ืขื‘ืจืื›ื˜ ื ื ื™ื™ืขื ืœืขื”ืจืขืจ ืคื˜ืจ'ืŸ , ืกื™ื ืจ.... 
ื•ื•ืื• ืื™ื– ื“ืึธืก , ืกื™ื ืจ" ? 

--- ื“ืึธืก ืงื™ื ื“ ืฉืœืึธืคื˜ ื ืึถืš. -- ื”ืึธื˜ ื–ื™ ืื™ื”ื ื’ืขืขื ื˜ืคืขืจื˜ 
ืžื™ื˜ ืึท ืงื•? ืคื•ืŸ ืึท ืžืึทื ืกื‘ื™? ืื•ืŸ ื”ืึธื˜ ืžื™ืš ืžื›ื‘ื“ ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ื ืึธืฃ 
ืื™ื™ืŸ ืงืึทืœื˜ืขืŸ ืงื•ึนืง, ืฐืึธืก ืงืึธืŸ ืคืขืจืงื™ื—ืœื˜ ื•ื•ืขืจืขืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ืื™ื”ื ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ 
ื’ืขื“ืขืจื™ื. ืึท ื’ืœื™ืง, ืฐืึธืก ื“ืขืจ ืคึผืจื™ื ืฆื™ืคึผืึทืœ ื”ืึธื˜ ื’ืขื”ื™ื™ืกืขืŸ, ืžืข ื–ืึธืœ 
ืขืคึผื™ืก ื’ืขื‘ืขืŸ ืฆื•ื. ื˜ื™ืฉ, ืื•ืŸ ื”ืึธื˜ ืžื™ืš ื‘ืขื–ืขืฆื˜ ื ืขื‘ืขืŸ ื–ื™ืš ืื•ืŸ ื”ืึธื˜ 
ืžื™ืจ ืื™ืŸ ืขื˜ืœื™ื›ืข ืžื™ื ื•ื˜, ื‘ื™ื– ืžืข ื”ืึธื˜ ื“ืขืจืœืึทื ื ื˜ ื“ืขื ืกืึทืžืื•ืืจ, 
ืื•ื™ืกื“ืขืจืฆืขื”ืœื˜ ืฐืึธืก ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื–ื•ื—ืŸ ืงืขืŸ, ืฐื™ ื’ื•ื˜ ืขืจ ืœืขืจืขื ื˜ ืื•ืŸ ื•ื™ 
ืฉืขืŸ ืขืจ ืฉืจื™ื™ื‘ื˜, 

--- ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืฉืจื™ื™ื‘ืขืŸ ื”ืึธื˜ ืึท ืฉื ! ื“ื™ ื•ืขืœื˜ ื˜ืจืึทื ื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืืจื•ื 
ืžื™ื˜ ื–ื™ื™ื ืข ื‘ืจื™ืขืฃ ! ื“ื™ื™ื˜ืฉ ืื™ื– ื‘ื™ื™ ืื™ื”ื ื“ื™ ืžื•ื˜ืขืจ-ืฉืคึผืจื˜ืš. ื”ื™ื™ื ื˜ 
ืจืขื“ื˜ ืขืจ ืคืจืื ืฆื•ื™ื–ื™ืฉ ! 

ื“ื™ ื‘ืขืœ-ื™ื”ื‘ื™ืช'ื˜ืข ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ ืฉืœื™ืกืœืขืŸ ื”ืึธื˜ ื“ืขืจืœืฉื ื ื˜ ืฆื•ื ื˜ื™ืฉ 
ืงืขื– ืื•ืŸ ืคึผื•ื˜ืขืจ ืื•ืŸ ืกืžืขื˜ืขื ืข ืื•ืŸ ืžื™ืœืš ืื•ืŸ ื”ืึธื ื™ื’, ืื•ืŸ ื ืึธืš ื’ื•ื˜ืข 
ื–ืึทื›ืขืŸ, ืื•ืŸ ืขืก ืฐืึธืœื˜ ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ื ืึธืจ ื ื™ื˜ ืฉืœืขื›ื˜, ื•ื•ืขืŸ ื–ื™ ื–ืึธืœ ื˜ืœื™ื™ืŸ 
ื–ื™ืš ื ื™ื ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ืึทื•ืขืงื–ืขืฆืขืŸ ืึทืงืขื ืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ ื•ื•ืืจืžืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืกื™ืจ ืžื™ื 
ืื™ื”ืจืข ื–ื™ืกืข ืื•ื™ื’ืขืŸ. ืžื™ื™ืŸ ืคึผืจื™ื ืฆื™ืคึผืึทืœ ื”ืึธื˜ ืคืขืจืฉื˜ืื ืขืŸ ืื™ื”ืจ 
ืงื•ืง ืื•ืŸ ื”ืึธื˜ ืื™ื—ืจ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืึท ืžื™ื ื•ื˜ ืื•ื™ืกื ืขืจืขื›ืขื ื˜ ื“ืขื ื™ื—ื•ืก ืžื•ื•- 
ื ืขื, ืฐืขืจ ืื™ืš ื‘ื™ืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืฐืึธืก ืื™ืš ืงืขืŸ, ืื•ืŸ ืื™ืš ื”ืึธื’ ื’ืขืคื™ื—ืœื˜, ืึทื– 
ืขืก ื‘ืจืขื ื˜ ื‘ื™ื™ ืžื™ืจ ื“ืึธืก ืคึผื ื™ื ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ ืื•ื™ื ืขืŸ ืžื™ื˜'ืŸ ืงืึธืคึผ ืื•ืŸ ืžื™ื˜: 


106 ืฉืœื•ื-ืขืœื™ื›ื 


ื“ื™ ื”ืึธืจ ืคื•ื 'ื ืงืึธืคึผ. ื ืึธืš ืžื™ื™ืŸ ืคึผืจื™ื ืฆื™ืคึผืึทืœ'ืก ืฐืึทืจืขืžืขืจ ืจืขืงืึธ- 
ืžืขื ื“ืึทืฆื™ืข ืื™ื–ืŸ ืื•ื™ืกื’ืขืงื•ืžืขืŸ, ืึทื– ืื™ืš ื‘ื™ืŸ ื“ืขื ื‘ืขืœื™ืฉื'ืก ืึตื™ืŸ 
ืื™ื™ื ื™ืงืขืœ ืื•ืŸ ืงื•ื-ืึทืจื•ื™ืก ืคื•ืŸ ืกืึทืžืข ืจื‘ื ื™ื ืžื™ื•ื—ืกื™ื ืื•ืŸ ื’ื‘ื™ืจื™ื 
ืื“ื™ืจื™ื, ืื•ืŸ ืงืึธื ืขืŸ ืงืึธืŸ ืื™ืš ืžืขื”ืจ ืคื•ืŸ ืึท ืกื˜ื•ื“ืขื ื˜ ืื•ืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื 
ื“ืึธืงื˜ืึธืจ ืื•ืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื ืคึผืจืึธืคึผืขืกืึธืจ ืื•ืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืจื™ื™ ืคึผืจืึธืคึผืขืกืึธืจืขืŸ... ืฆื™ 
ื”ืึธื˜ ื–ื™ ื’ืขื’ืœื•ื™ื‘ื˜ ื“ื™ ื“ืึธื–ื™ื’ืข ืคึผื–ืžื•ื ื•ืช --- ื•ื•ื™ื™ืก ืื™ืš ื ื™ื˜. ื ืึธืจ 
ื“ืขืจ ืงืึทืœื˜ืขืจ ื”ืึทืจื˜ืขืจ ืงื•ืง ืื™ื”ืจืขืจ ืื™ื– ื’ืขืฐืึธืจืขืŸ, ื“ืื›ื˜ ืžื™ืจ, 
ืึท ื‘ื™ืกืขืœ ื•ื•ืืจืขืžืขืจ ืื™ืŸ ื•ื•ื™ื™ื›ืขืจ. 


ืจืึธืก ืคื™ืขืจื˜ืข ืงืึทืคึผื™ื˜ืขืœ. 


{ื“ืึธืก ,ืงื™ื ื“" ืขืกื˜ ืคืึทืจ ื“ืจื™ื™ ืคืึทืœื“ืึทื˜ืขืŸ, ืื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืœืขื”ืจืขืจ ื’ืขื”ื˜ ืื•ื™ืก ืคืฉ. 
ื”ื•ื ื’ืขืจืŸ. 


ื“ืึธืก ืงื™ื ื“ ืื™ื– ื ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ืึท ื”ื•ื™ื›ืขืจ, ืึท ื’ืจืึธื‘ืขืจ, ืึท ื’ืขื–ื•ื ื“ืขืจ, ืึท 
ื•ื•ื™ื™ืกืขืจ, ื ืฉืขื ืขืจ, ืึท ืœืขื‘ืขื“ื™ื ืขืจ, ืึท ืคืจื™ื™ืœื™ื›ืขืจ ื‘ื—ื•ืจ ืžื™ื˜ ื•ื•ื™ื™ืกืข 
ืจื•ื™ื˜ืคืฉืจื‘ื™ื ืข ื‘ืึทืงืขืŸ, ืžื™ื˜ ื”ื™ื‘ืฉืข ืคืขื˜ืข ืคึผื™ืกืงืขืก, ืžื™ื˜ ืึท ื”ื•ื™ื›ืขืŸ 
ื•ื•ื™ื™ืกืขืŸ ืฉื˜ืขืจืŸ, ืžื™ื˜ ื’ื•ื˜ืข ื’ืจื•ื™ืข ืื•ื™ื’ืขืŸ, ืžื™ื˜ ืคึผืขื›ืงืข ื•ื•ื™ื™ืกืข ื”ืขื ืจ, 
ื•ื™ ืคึผืึทืžืคึผื•ืฉืงืขืก, ืื•ืŸ ื”ืึธื˜ ืœื™ืขื‘ ื’ืขื”ืื˜ ื“ืจื™ื™ ื–ืึทื›ืขืŸ: ืขืกืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ 
ืฉืœืึธืคืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืœึฟืึทื›ืขืŸ,. ื ืึธืจ ืžืขื”ืจ ืคื•ืŸ ืึทืœืฅ ื”ืึธื˜ ืขืจ ืœื™ืขื‘ ื’ืขื”ืึทื˜ 
ื“ืึธืก ืขืคืขืŸ. ืื•ืŸ ืขืกืขืŸ ื”ืึธื˜ ืžืขืŸ ื“ืึธืจื˜ ื’ืขื ืขืกืขืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ 
ืคืจื™ื” ื‘ื™ื– ื‘ื™ื™ื ืื›ื˜. ื ื—ื•ืฅ ื˜ื™ื™ ืื•ืŸ ืงืึทืฐืข ืื•ืŸ ืื™ื‘ืขืจื‘ื™ื™ืกืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ 
ืึธื ื‘ื™ื™ืกืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืฐืึทืจืขืžืขืก ืื•ืŸ ืžื™ื˜ืึธื’ ืื•ืŸ ื•ื•ืขื˜ืฉืขืจืข, ื”ืึธื˜ ื“ื™ ืžืึทืžืข 
ืึทืœืข ืžืึธืœ ืึทืจื™ื™ื ื’ืขืฉื™ืงื˜ ื“ืขื ,ืงื™ื ื“" ืึท ื’ืœืขื–ืขืœ ืฉืึทืงืึธืœืึทื“, ืึท 
ื‘ื™ื™ื ืขืœ, 8 ืกื™ื‘ืขืœ, ื ืœืขืงื˜ื›ืขืœ, ืึท ื‘ื™ืกืขืœ ืื™ื™ื ื’ืขืžืึทื›ื˜ืก, ืื•ืŸ ืึธืคื˜" 
ืžืึธืœ ืึท ืœืขื‘ืขืจืขืœ, ื ืคึผื•ืคึผื™ืงืขืœ, ืื•ืŸ ื’ืœืึทื˜ ืึท ืฉื˜ื™ืงืขืœ ื‘ื•ืœืงืข, ื“ืึธืก 
ื”ืึทืจืฅ ื–ืึธืœ ื ื™ื˜ ื—ืœืฉ'ืขืŸ... ืื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืœืขื”ืจืขืจ ื”ืึธื˜ ื“ืึธืก ื‘ืขื“ืืจืคื˜ 
ืฆื•-ื–ืขื”ืขืŸ, ืฉืœื™ื ื’ืขืŸ ื“ื™ ืฉืœื™ื™ื ืื•ืŸ ืคืขืจืฉื˜ื™ืœืขืŸ ื“ืขื ื”ื•ื ื’ืขืจ ืžื™ื˜ 
8 ืฆื•ื ืืจ-ื˜ื™ื˜ื•ืŸ... 


ืžื•ื•ืŸ ืขืจืฉื˜ืขืจ ืจืึทื˜ืึทืŸ 107 


ื“ื™ ืคืจืฉื˜ืข ืฆื™ื™ื˜, ื‘ื™ื– ื“ืขืจ ืจื‘ื™ ืื™ื– ื–ื™ืš ื ื™ื˜ ืฆื•ื ื•ื™ืคื’ืขื’ืื ื’ืขืŸ 
ืžื™ื˜'ืŸ ืชืœืžื™ื“, ื”ืึธื˜ ืขืจ ื’ืขืœื™ื˜ืขืŸ ื“ืขื ืืžืช'ืขืŸ ื˜ืขื ืคื•ืŸ ื”ื•ื ื ืขืจ, 
ืฐืึธืจื•ื ื“ืขื ืชืœืžื™ื“'ืก ืžื•ื˜ืขืจ, ื“ื™ ื‘ืขืœ-ื”ื‘ื™ืช'ื˜ืข ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ ืฉืœื™ืกืœืขืŸ, 
ื”ืึธื˜ ืื™ื”ื ื’ืขื’ืขื‘ืขืŸ ืžื›ื•ืช, ื ื™ื˜ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืขืกืขืŸ. ืื™ืŸ ืฉื˜ื•ื‘ ื”ืึธื˜ ื–ื™ืš 
ืชื˜ื™ื“ ื’ืขืคื•ื ืขืŸ ืขืกืขื ื•ื•ืืจื’, ืื•ืŸ ืื™ื‘ืขืจื”ื•ื™ืคึผื˜ ืžื™ืœื›ื™ื ืก, ืœืจื•ื‘, ื ืึธืจ 
ืึทืœืกื“ื™ื ื’ ืื™ื– ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ืื•ื ื˜ืขืจ'ืŸ ืฉืœืึธืก. ื“ืขืจ ืคึผืจื™ื ืฆื™ืคึผืึทืœ ืคืœืขื ื˜ ื–ื™ืš 
ืึธืคึผื˜ืžืึธืœ ืึทืจื™ื™ื ืžื™ืฉืขืŸ, ืžืข ื–ืึธืœ ื’ืขื‘ืขืŸ ื“ืขื ืœืขื”ืจืขืจ ืขืคืขืŸ {; ื“ืขืจื•ื™ืฃ 
ืคืœืขื ื’ื˜ ื“ื™ ื‘ืขืœ-ื”ื‘ื™ืช'ื˜ืข ืื ื—ื•ื™ื‘ืขืŸ ืงืœื™ื ื’ืขืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ ืฉืœื™ืกืœืขืŸ -- ืึท 
ืคื™ืžืŸ, ืึทืŸ {ื• ืื™ื– ืื™ืŸ ื›ืขืก --- ืื•ืŸ ื–ืึธื’ืขืŸ : 

--- ืกื˜ื™ื™ื˜ืฉ, ืฐื™ ื“ืขืŸ? ืžืข ื’ื ื™ื˜ ืื™ื”ื ืขืกืขืŸ ื“ืจื™ื™ ืžืึธืœ ื 
ื˜ืึธื , ื”ืึธืกื˜ ื“ื• ื’ืขื”ืขืจื˜ ืึท ื‘ื™ืกืขืœืŸ.. 

ืื•ืŸ ื“ืึธืก ืื™ื– ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ื ื’ืจื•ื™ืกืขืจ ืœื™ื ืขืŸ ! ื ื™ืฉึธื˜ ื ืึธืจ ื“ืจื™ื™ ืžืึธืค 
ื ื˜ืึธื’ -- ืืคื™ืœืŸ ืื™ื™ืŸ ืžืึธืœ ื ื™ื˜. ืื™ืš ื”ืึธื‘ึฟ ื•ื•ื™ืคื™ืข? ืžืึธืœ ื‘ืข- 
ืกืขืจืงื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ื•ื•ื™ื™ื˜ืขืŸ, ืฐื™ ืžืข ื•ืืจืคื˜-ืืจื•ื™ืก ืฉื˜ื™ืงืขืจ ืคืœื™ื™ืฉ, 
ื•ื™ ืžืข ื’ื™ืกื˜-ืื•ื™ืก ืงืจื™ื’ืœืขืš ืžื™ื˜ ืžื™ืœืš -- ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืฆื™ื™ื˜, ื•ืขืŸ 
ืื™ืš ื”ืึธื‘ ื ืข'ื—ืœืฉ'ื˜ ื‘ื™ื™ ื–ื™ืš ืื™ืŸ ื—ื“ืจ ื ืึธืš ื ืฉื˜ื™ืงืข? ื‘ืจืฑื™ื˜. 
ื“ื™ ื˜ืขื , ืฐืึธืก ื“ืขืจ ืคึผืจื™ื ืฆื™ืคึผืึทืœ ืื™ืŸ ื ื™ื ื ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ื—ื™ื™ื, ื‘ื™ืŸ 
ืื™ืš ืคึผืฉื•ื˜ ืื•ื™ืกื’ืขื’ืื ื ืขืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื”ื•ื ื’ืขืจ. ืžื™ื™ืŸ ื ืœื™ืง ืื™ืŸ ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ, ืฐืึธืก 
ืื™ืš ื‘ื™ืŸ ื‘ืขืฆื™ื™ื˜ืขื ืก ื’ืขืฐืึธืจืขืŸ ื—ื‘ืจ ืกืžื™ื˜ ืžื™ื™ืŸ ืชืœืžื™ื“, 


ื“ืึธืก ืคื™ื ืคื˜ืข ืงืึทืคึผื™ื˜ืขืœ 


{ื“ืขืจ ืจื‘ื™ ืžื™ื˜'ืŸ ืชืœืžื™ื“ ืฉืœืึทื ืขืŸ ื‘ืœืื˜ ืื•ืŸ ืžืข ืœืขื‘ื˜ 8 ื’ื•ื˜ืขืŸ ื˜ืึทื ืŸ. 


--- ืื•ื™ื‘ ืื™ื”ืจ ืฐื•ื™ืœื˜ ื–ื™ืš ื”ืึทืœื˜ืขืŸ ื“ืึธ ืื•ืŸ ืžื™ืจ ื–ืึธืœืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ 
ื—ื‘ืจ --- ืึทื–ืฑ ื”ืึธื ื–ื™ืš ืึธื ื’ืขืจื•ืคืขืŸ ืื™ื™ื ืžืึธ? ืื™ืŸ ื ืคืจื™ื”ืžืึธืจื’ืขืŸ 
ืฆื• ืกื™ืจ ื“ืึธืก ,ืงื™ื ื“", ื‘ืฉืขืช ืžื™ืจ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื’ืขื–ืขืกืขืŸ ืืœึตื™ื™ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืื•ื - 
ื–ืขืจ ื‘ืขื–ื•ื ื“ืขืจ ื—ื“ืจ ืžื™ื˜ ืึธืคืขื ืข ืคืขื ืกื˜ืขืจ ืื™ืŸ ื’ืึธืจื˜ืขืŸ ืึทืจืฑืก -- 
ืื•ื™ื‘ ืื™ื”ืจ ื•ื•ื™ืงื˜, ืžื™ืจ ื–ืึธืœืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื—ื‘ืจ ืื•ืŸ ืื™ื”ืจ ื–ืึธืœื˜ ื ื™ื˜ ืึทื•ืขืง- 


108 : ืฉืœื•ื"ืขืœื•ื›ื 


ืคึฟืึธื”ืจืขืŸ, ื–ืึธืœื˜ ืื™ื”ืจ ื“ื™ ืกืคืจื™ื ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ ื‘ื™ื›ืขืจ ืคืึทืจืฐืึทืจืคืขืŸ ืื•ื " 
ื˜ืขืจ'ืŸ ื˜ื™ืฉ, ืื•ืŸ ืึทืœื™ื™ืŸ ื–ืึธืœืขืŸ ืžื™ืจ ืึธื“ืขืจ ืฉืคึผื™ืขืœืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ , ื“ืึธืžืงืขืก?, 
ืึธื“ืขืจ ืื™ืŸ ,ื–ืขื›ืก-ืื•ืŸ-ื–ืขื›ืฆื™ื ", ืึธื“ืขืจ ืžื™ืจ ื–ืึธืœืขืŸ ื–ื™ืš ื ืึธืจ ืื•ื™ืก" 
ืฆื™ื”ืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื™ ื‘ืขื˜ืœืขืš ืžื™ื˜'ืŸ ืคึผื ื™ื ืึทืจืฑืฃ ืื•ืŸ ืฉืคึผื™ื™ืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ืขืจ 
ืกื˜ืขืœื™. | 

ืื•ืŸ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืœืึทื ื’ ื’ืขื˜ืจืื‘ื˜, ื ืขืžื˜ ืžื™ื™ืŸ ืชืœืžื™ื“ ืื•ืŸ ื˜ื”ื•ื˜ ืึท 
ืฉืœื™ื™ื“ืขืจ ื“ื™ ืกืคืจื™ื ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ ื‘ื™ื›ืขืจ ืื•ื ื˜ืขืจ'ืŸ ื˜ื™ืฉ, ื˜ื”ื•ื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืึท 
ืฐื•ืึธืจืฃ ืื•ื™ืค'ืŸ ื‘ืขื˜ืข? ืžื™ื˜'ืŸ ืคึผื ื™ื ืืจื•ื™ืฃ ืื•ืŸ ื˜ื”ื•ื˜ ืึท ืฉืคึผืฒื™ ื“ื•ืจืš ื“ื™ 
ืฆื™ื™ื”ืŸ, ื ืึธืจ ืึทื–ืฑ ืงื•ื ืฆื™ื’, ืึทื–ืฑ ื‘ืจื™ื—'ืฉ, ืึทื– ืขืจ ื“ืขืจืœืึทื ื’ื˜ ื’ืœื™ื™ืš ืฆื• 
ื“ืขืจ ืกื˜ืขืœื™, ืื•ืŸ ืžื™ืจ ื‘ื™ื™ื“ืข ื”ื•ื™ื‘ืขืŸ ืึธืŸ ืœืื›ืขืŸ. 

ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขืžืึทืœื˜ ืึธืŸ ืื™ื– ืึทืฐืขืงื ืขื ืึทื ื ืขืŸ ื‘ื™ื™ ืื•ื ื– ื ืœืขื‘ืขืŸ, ื•ื™ ื’ืึธื˜ 
ืื™ืŸ ืึทื“ืขื˜. ื“ืขืจ ืชืœืžื™ื“ ื”ืึธื˜ ืื•ื™ืกื’ืขืœืขื”ืจืขื ื˜ ื“ืขื ืจื‘ื™'ืŸ ืฉืคึผื™ืขืœืขืŸ 
ืื™ืŸ ,ื“ืึธืžืงืขืก? ืื•ืŸ ,ื–ืขื›ืก-ืื•ืŸ-ื–ืขื›ืฆื™ื’? (ืื™ืš ื‘ื™ืŸ ื–ื™ืš ืžื•ื“ื”, ืึทื– ื‘ื™ื– 
ื“ืขืžืึธืœื˜ ื”ืึธื‘ ืื™ืš ื ื™ื˜ ื’ืขื•ื•ืื•ืกื˜ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืฆื•ืจื” ืคื•ืŸ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืงืึธืจื˜, ืื•ืŸ 
ืึทื– ืื™ืš ื”ืึธื‘ ืžื™ืš ื‘ืขืงืขื ื˜ ืžื™ื˜ ื“ืขื ืฉืคึผื™ืขืœ, ื”ืึธื‘ ืื™ืš ืœื™ืขื‘ ื’ืข" 
ืงืจื™ื ืขืŸ ื ืงืขืจื˜ืขืœ ื“ืึธืก ื—ื™ื•ืช !). ื“ืขืจ ืจื‘ื™ ื”ืึธื˜ ื’ืขืฉืœืึธื ืขืŸ ื‘ืœืึทึธื˜ 
ืžื™ื˜'ืŸ ืชืœืžื™ื“ ืื•ืŸ ื”ืึธื˜ ืคืขืจืฐื•ืืจืคืขืŸ ืึทืœึถืข ืกืคืจื™ื ืžื™ื˜ ืึทืœืข ื‘ื™ื›ืœืขืš 
ืื•ืŸ ื”ืึธื˜ ื ืขืฉืคึผื™ืขืœื˜ ืžื™ื˜'ืŸ ืชืœืžื™ื“ ืื™ืŸ , ื“ืึธืžืงืขืก" ืึธื“ืขืจ ืื™ืŸ , ื–ืขื›ืก- 
ืื•ืŸ-ื–ืขื›ืฆื™ื’", ืึธื“ืขืจ ื’ืขืœืขื ืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ ื ืขืฉืคึผื™ื’ืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ืขืจ ืกื˜ืขืœื™ืข, ืึธื“ืขืจ 
ื’ืขื’ืขืกืขืŸ ืื™ื ืื™ื™ื ืขื ืžื™ื˜ ืื™ื”ื, ืคืขืจื–ื•ื›ื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ืึทืœึถืข ืžืื›ืœื™ื ืฆื• 
ื‘ื™ืกืœืขืš, ืื•ืŸ ื”ืึธื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืึทืจื•ื ืื™ื”ื ื ื•ื˜ ืื•ื ื˜ืขืจื ืขืคื™ื˜ืขืจื˜,. ืื™ืŸ ื 
ืคึผืึธืจ ื—ืจืฉื™ื ืึทืจื•ื ื”ืึธื˜ ืขืจ ืคืขืจื‘ื™ื™ื ืขื”ืขื ื“ื™ื  ืึท ืงื•ืง ื’ืขื˜ื”ืึธืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ 
ื–ื™ืš ืื™ืŸ ืฉืคึผื™ืขื ืขืœ, ื“ืขืจื–ืขื”ืขืŸ ื ืคึนึผืึทืจ ื‘ืึทืงืขืŸ --- ืื•ืŸ ื”ืึธื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืึทืœื™ื™ืŸ 
ื ื™ื˜ ื“ืขืจืงืขื ื˜.. 

| = ืฆื• ืื•ื ื– ืื™ืŸ ื—ื“ืจ ืื™ื– ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืืจื™ื™ื ื’ืขืงื•ืžืขืŸ ืงื™ื™ื ืขืจ, ืึท ื—ื•ืฅ ื“ืขืจ 

ื“ื™ืขื ืกื˜ ืžื™ื˜ ืขืกืขื ืฐืึทืจื’. ืžื™ื™ืŸ ืคึผืจื™ื ืฆื™ืคึผืึทืœ ืื™ื– ื–ืขืœื˜ืขืŸ ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ 
ื“ืขืจ ื—ื™ื™ื, ืื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื‘ืขืœ-ื”ื‘ื™ืช'ื˜ืข ืžื™ื ื“ื™ ืฉืœื™ืกืœืขืŸ ื”ืึธื˜ ื’ืขื”ืื˜ ืฆื• 
ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ื˜ืึธื’ ืฐื™ ื ืึทื›ื˜ ืžื™ื˜'ืŸ ืžื™ืœื›ื™ื ืก ืื•ืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ ืงืจื™ื ืœืขืš ืื•ืŸ ื”ืึธื˜ 
ื ื™ื˜ ืึทืจื™ื™ื ื’ืขืฉืžืขืงื˜ ืฆื•ึน ืื•ื ื–. ืกื™ืจ ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ ื“ืึธืก ื’ืขืœืขื‘ื˜ ื‘ืืžืช ืึท 
ื ื•ื˜ืขืŸ ื˜ืึธื’, ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ืคืจืื ืง ืื•ืŸ ืคืจื™ื™, ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื’ืขื”ืื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื–ื™ืš ืงื™ืฑึทื™ 


! ืžื™ื™ืŸ ืขืจืฉื˜ืขืจ ืจืึธืžืึทืŸ 106 


ืฉื•ื ืขื• ืคื•ืŸ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืฉื•ื ื–ืึทืš ืื•ืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืฉื•ื ืžืขื ืฉืขืŸ --- ืžืžืฉ ื 
ื’ืŸ-ืขื“ืŸ ! 

ื ืึธืจ ืื™ื™ืŸ ื˜ืžืึธืœ ื”ืึธื˜ ืžื™ืš ื“ืขืจ ืคึผืจื™ื ืฆื™ืคึผืึทืœ ืึท ื—ืึทืคึผ ื ืขื˜ื”ืึธืŸ : 

--- ื ื• 4 ื•ื™ ืื–ื•ื™ ืœืขืจืขื ื˜ ืขืจ ? 

--- ืื•ื™ืกื’ืขืฆื™ื•ื›ืขื ื˜ 1 -- ื–ืื’ ืื™ืš ืื•ืŸ ืคืขืจืงืจื™ื ื–ื™ืš ื ื™ื˜ ืืคื™ืคึฟ, 

-- ืึทื•ืึธ ? ืฐื•ืึธืก ื”ืึธื‘ ืื™ืš ืื™ื™ืš ื’ืขื–ืึธื’ื˜ ? --- ืžืึทื›ื˜ ืขืจ ืฆื• 
ืžื™ืจ, ืื•ืŸ ืื™ืš ื•ื•ืื•ื ื“ืขืจ ื–ื™ืš, ื•ื™ ืื–ื•ื™ ืื™ืš ืงื•ืง ืื™ื”ื ื’ืœื™ื™ืš ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ 
ืื•ื™ื’ืขืŸ ืืจื™ื™ืŸ, 

ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ื“ืึธื–ื™ื’ืขืจ ืฉื˜ื•ื‘, ื•ื•ืื• ืื™ื™ื ืขืจ ื”ืึธื˜ ื’ืขื ืืจื˜ ื“ืขื ืื " 
ื“ืขืจืขืŸ, ื•ื•ืื• ืืœืข ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ ื’ืขืžืึทืœืฉื˜, ื’ืขื–ืึทื ื˜ ืœื™ื ืขืŸ, ื•ื•ืื• ื“ืขืจ ืฉืงืจ 
ืื™ื– ื’ืขื”ืึทื ื’ืขืŸ ืื•ื™ื‘ืขืŸ-ืื•ื™ืฃ, ื’ืขืฉื•ื•ืขื‘ื˜, ื–ื™ืš ื’ืขืœืึธื–ื˜ ื”ืขืจืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ 
ืœื•ืžื˜, --- ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ื“ืึธื–ื™ื’ืขืจ ืฉื˜ื•ื‘ ื”ืึธื˜ ืžืขืŸ ื’ืขืงืึธื ื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืื•ื™ื˜ื™ 
ืœืขืจื ืขืŸ ื–ืึธื ืขืŸ ื ืœื™ื ืขืŸ. 


ืจืึธืก ื•ืขื›ืกื˜ืข ืกืืคึผื™ื˜ืข? 


ื“ื™ ืขืจืฉื˜ืข ืœื™ืขื‘ืขื“ื‘ืจื™ื•ื•ืœืขื“ ืฆื•ื•ื™ืฉืขืŸ ื—ืชื›ืœื” ืื•ืŸ ื“ืึธื ืขืจืฉื˜ืข ืคื™ื™ืขืจืขืœ ืฆื™ื ื“ื˜ 
ื–ื™ื“ ืึดืŸืŸ. 


ืื™ื™ืŸ ืึทืจื‘ื™ื™ื˜ ืื™ื– ื‘ื™ืœ ืื•ื ื– ื™ืึธ ื’ืขืฐืขืŸ: ืึธืคึผื ืขืžืขืŸ ื“ื™ ืคึผืึธืกื˜ 
ืื•ืŸ ืขื ื˜ืคืขืจืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื™ ื‘ืจื™ืขืฃ. ืื•ืŸ ื‘ืจื™ืขืฃ ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ ืžื™ืš ื’ืขื”ืื˜ 
ื›ืžืขื˜ ืึทืœืข ื˜ืึธื’ { ืื™ืš ื–ืึธื’ ,ืžื™ืจ" ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ ื ืขื”ืึทื˜, ื•ื•ื™ื™? ืžื™ืจ ื‘ื™ื™ื“ืข 
ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ ื‘ืขื“ืืจืคื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื–ื™ื™ ื’ืขื‘ืขืŸ ืชืฉื•ื‘ื”. ื“ื™ ื‘ืจื™ืขืฃ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ 
ื’ืขืฉืจื™ื‘ืขืŸ ืฆื• ืžื™ื™ืŸ ืชืœืžื™ืš ืคื•ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืคื™ืขืœ-ื’ืขืœื™ืขื‘ื˜ืขืจ ื›ืœื—, ื—ืื˜ืฉ 
ืขืจ ืึทืœื™ื™ืŸ ื”ืึธื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืžื™ืšืฃ ืžื•ื“ื” ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ, ืึทื– ืขืจ ื”ืึธื˜ ื–ื™ ืฐื•ื™ื ืฆื™ื’-ืฐื•ืึธืก 
ืœื™ืขื‘. 

ืชื—ื™ืœืช ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื“ื™ ื‘ืจื™ืขืฃ ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ื ื™ื˜ ืึทื•ื™ ืึธืคึผื˜ --- ืื™ื™ืŸ ืžืึธืค 
ืื™ืŸ ืฆื•ื•ื™ื™ ืฐืึธื›ืขืŸ, ืื™ื™ืŸ ืžืึธืœ ืื™ืŸ ื•ืืš ; ื ืึธืจ ืคื•ืŸ ื–ื™ื ื˜ ืื™ืš ื‘ื™ืŸ ืึธื ึธ- 


ืฉืœื•ืื™ืขืœื™ื›ื. ื‘, 11 9 


150 ืฉืœื•ื˜ื™ืขืœื•ื›ื 


ื’ืขืงื•ืžืขืŸ, ืื™ื– ื“ืึธืก ืฉืจื™ื™ื‘ืขืŸ ื’ืขืฐืึธืจืขืŸ ืคืขืจื’ืจื™ื ื’ืขืจื˜, ืื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื‘ืจื™ืขืฃ 
ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ ืึธื ื’ืขื”ื•ื™ื‘ืขืŸ ื’ืขื”ืŸ ื—ื™ืŸ ืื•ึนืŸ ืฆื•ืจื™ืง ืึธืคึผื˜ืขืจ. 

-- ื ืื˜ ืคื™ื™ืขื ื˜ ืื™ื‘ืขืจ ืื•ืŸ ืขื ื˜ืคืขืจื˜ ืื™ื”ืจ ืึถืคึผ. ืฐืึธืก ื“ื•ืœื˜ 
ื–ื™ ืžื™ืจ ืึท ืžื•ื— ! --- ืึทื–ืฑ ื”ืึธื˜ ืžื™ืจ ืžื™ื™ืŸ ืชืœ?ืžื™ื“ ืื™ื™ื ืžืึธืœ ื’ืขื–ืึธื’ื˜ 
ืื•ืŸ ืึท ื•ื•ืึธืจืฃ ื ืขื˜ื”ืึธืŸ ืžื™ืจ ืื™ืŸ ืคึผื ื™ื ืึทืจื™ื™ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืคื™ืขืœื“ื’ืขืœื™ืขื‘ื˜ืขืจ 
ื‘ืœื”'ืก ื ื‘ืจื™ื•ื•ืขืœ. 

ืื™ืš ื”ืึธื‘ ืื™ื‘ืขืจื ืขืคื™ื™ืขื ื˜ ื“ืึธืก ื‘ืจื™ื•ื•ืขืœ, ืื•ืŸ ืก'ืื™ื– ืžื™ืจ ื’ืขื™ 
ืคืขืœืขืŸ ื’ืขืฐืึธืจืขืŸ ืฐืึธืก ื–ื™ ืฉืจื™ื™ื‘ื˜ : 

ืžื™ื™ืŸ ืœื™ืขื‘ืขืจ ื˜ื”ื™ื™ืขืจืขืจ ื—ืชืŸ } ื“ื• ื•ื•ื™ื™ืกื˜, ืขืก ื”ืึธื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืžื™ืจ 
ืฆื•ื’ืขื’ืขืกืขืŸ ื“ื™ื™ื ืข ื’ืจื•ืกืขืŸ, ืฐืึธืก ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื’ืขืจืึธื˜ืขืŸ ืื™ื™ื ืก ืื™ื 'ื ืึทื - 
ื“ืขืจืขืŸ, ื•ื™ ืื™ื™ืŸ ืžืึทืžืข ืฐืึธืœื˜ ื–ื™ื™ ื’ืขื”ืึทื˜, ื•ื™ ืฆื•ื•ื™ื™ ื˜ืจืึธืคึผืขืŸ ืฐืึทืกืขืจ, 
ืฐืึธืก ื’ืขื”ืขืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ืื™ื™ืŸ ื˜ื™ื™ืš ืื™ืš ื•ื•ื™ืœ ื”ืขืจืขืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ืจ ืขืคึผื™ืก ืึท ืคืจื™ืฉ 
ืฐืึธืจื˜, ืึทื–ืึท ืฐืึธืจื˜, ืฐืึธืก ื–ืึธืœ ืžื™ืจ ื“ืขืจืฐืื“ืขืžืขืŸ ื“ืึธืก ื”ืึทืจืฅ ืื•ืŸ 
ื‘ืขืœื™ื™ื›ื˜ืขืŸ ื“ื™ ื ืฉืžื”. ืฆื• ืงืึทืœื˜ ืื™ื– ื“ืึธืก ื”ืืจืฅ, ืฆื• ื˜ื•ื ืงืขืœ? ืจื•ึผ 
ื’ื™ืฉืžื” |... 


ืคื•ืŸ ืžื™ืจ ื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื ืขื˜ืจื™ื™ืข ื‘ืœื” . . 


ืื™ืš ื”ืึธื‘ ื ื™ื˜ ืœึฟืึทื ื’ ื’ืขื˜ืจืึทื›ื˜ ืื•ืŸ ื”ืึธื‘ ื“ืขืจื•ื™ืฃ ืึธืคึผื’ืขืขื ื˜ืคืขืจื˜ 
ืคืึทืจ ืžื™ื™ืŸ ืชืœืžื™ื“ ื‘ื–ื• ื”ืœืฉื•ืŸ : 


ืžื™ื™ืŸ ืœื™ืขื‘ืข ื ืขื˜ืจื™ื™ืข ื›ืœื” ! ื“ื•ึน ืฉืจื™ื™ื‘ืกื˜ ืžื™ืจ, ืึทื– ืžื™ื™ื ืข ื•ื•ืขืจ" 
ื˜ืขืจ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื’ืขืจืื˜ืขืŸ ืื™ื™ื ื ืื™ื 'ื ืื ื“ืขืจืขืŸ, ืฐื™ ืื™ื™ืŸ ืžืึทืžืข ืฐืึธืœื˜ 
ื–ื™ื™ ื’ืขื”ืึธื˜ ; ื•ื™ ืงืึธืŸ ื“ืขืŸ ืึทื ื“ืขืจืฉ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ, ืื– ืื™ื™ืŸ ื ืขืคื™ื”ืœ ื”ืึธื˜ ื–ื™ 
ื’ืขื‘ื•ื™ืจืขืŸ ? ื“ื• ื–ืึธื ืกื˜, ืึทื– ื–ื™ื™ ื–ืขื”ืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืก, ืฐื™ ืฆื•ื•ื™ื™ ื˜ืจืึธืคึผืขืŸ ืฐืึท- 
ืกืขืจ, ืฐืึธืก ื ืขื”ืขืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ืื™ื™ืŸ ื˜ื™ื™ืš ; ื•ื™ ืงืึธืŸ ื“ืึธืก ืึทื ื“ืขืจืฉ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ, ืึทื– 
ื–ื™ื™ ื’ืขื”ืขืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ืื™ื™ืŸ ืงื•ื•ื?, ืคื•ืŸ ืื™ื™ืŸ ื”ืึทืจืฆืขืŸ ? ื“ื• ื‘ืขื˜ืกื˜ ื‘ื™ื™ ืžื™ืจ 
6 ืคืจื™ืฉ ืฐืึธืจื˜ ; ืงืึธืŸ ื“ืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืคืจื™ืฉืขืจ ื•ื™ ื“ืึธืก ืฐืึธืจื˜ ,ืœื™ืขื‘"? 
ืงืืŸ ื“ืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื ื™ื˜ ืœื™ื›ื˜ื™ื’ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ืขืจ ื ืฉืžื”, ืึทื– ืื™ืš ื“ืขืจืžืืŸ ื–ื™ืš ืื™ืŸ 
ื“ื™ืจ, ื˜ื”ื™ื™ืขืจืข ื‘ืœื” ?! 


ืคื•ืŸ ืžื™ืจ ื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื’ืขื˜ืจื™ื™ืขืจ ื”ืชืŸ . . 8 


ื˜ื™ื™ืŸ ืขืจืฉื˜ืขืจ ืจืึธืžืึทืŸ 191 


ื“ืขืจื•ื™ืฃ ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ ืžื™ืจ ืื™ืŸ ื ื™ื›ืขืŸ ื‘ืขืคื•ืžืขืŸ ืึท ืชืฉื•ื‘ื— ; 

ืœื™ืขื‘ืขืจ ื˜ื”ื™ื™ืขืจืขืจ ื—ืชืŸ ! 

ื“ื™ื™ื ืข ื–ื™ืกืข ื•ื•ืขืจื˜ืขืจ ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ ืžื™ืš ืื™ืฆื˜ื™ื ืก ืžืึธืœ ื“ืขืจืคืจื™ืฉื˜ 
ืื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจื•ื•ืืจืขืกืžื˜, ืื•ืŸ ืก'ืื™ื–ืŸ ืžื™ืจ ืœื™ื›ื˜ื™ื’ ื’ืขืฐืึธืจืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืึทืœืข ื•ื•ื™ื - 
ืงืขืœืขืŸ. ืื™ืš ื•ื•ืืœื˜ ื ืขืžืขื ื˜ ืฉื•ื•ืขืจืขืŸ, ืึทื– ืื™ืš ื”ืื› ื“ืขืจื”ืขืจื˜ ื ื ื™ื™ 
ืžื™ืŸ ื’ืขื–ืื ื’, ื ื ืŸื“ืขื“ืŸ-ืžืขืœืึธื“ื™ืข ืคื•ืŸ ื ื˜ื”ื™ื™ืขืจืขืจ, ื ืœื™ื›ื˜ื™ื ืขืจ ื ืฉืžื—, 
ืื•ืŸ ืื™ืš ื”ืึธื‘ ื“ืขืจืคื™ื”ืœื˜ ืขืคื™ืก ื•ื™ ืึท ื ื™ื™ืข ื”ื•ื™ื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื–ื™ืš. ืขืก ื”ืึธื˜ 
ื–ื™ืš ืžื™ืจ ืื•ื™ืกื’ืขื•ื•ื™ื–ืขืŸ, ืึทืŸ ืขืก ืฐืึทื›ืกืขืŸ ื‘ื™ื™ ืžื™ืจ ืคืœื™ื ืข?, ืื•ืŸ ืื™ืš 
ืฉื•ื•ืขื‘, ืื™ืš ืฉื•ื•ืขื‘ ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืœื•ืคื˜ืขืŸ, ืื•ืŸ ืึท ื’ืึทื ืฆืข ืงืืžืขืœื™ืข ืžืœืื›ื™ื 
ื’ืขื”ืขืŸ ืžื™ืจ ืึทืงืขื’ืขืŸ, ื‘ืขื’ืจื™ืกืขืŸ ืžื™ืš, ื˜ืจืึธื ืขืŸ ืžื™ืจ ื ื’ืจื•ืก ืคื•ืŸ ืžื™ื™ืŸ 
ืœื™ืขื‘ืขืŸ ื˜ื”ื™ื™ืขืจืขืŸ ื–ื™ืกืขืŸ ื—ืชืŸ, ืฐืึธืก ืฉืจื™ื™ื‘ื˜ ืื–ืขืœื›ืข ื–ื™ืกืข ื•ื•ืขืจื˜ืขืจ, 
ืฐื•ืึธืก ืžื™ื™ืŸ ื”ืืจืฅ ืื•ืŸ ืžื™ื™ืŸ ื ืฉืžื” ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืื™ื”ื ืื™ื ื’ืื ืฆืขืŸ, ืื™ื ื ืื ืฆืขืŸ 
ืื™ื‘ืขืจื’ืขื’ืขื›ืขืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ืื™ืฆื˜ ืึธืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืชืžื™ื“, ืื•ื™ืฃ ืื™ื™ื‘ื™ื’ | 

ืคื•ืŸ ืกื™ืจ ื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื“ื™ืš ืœื™ืขื‘ืขื ื“ืข ืื•ืŸ ืชืžื™ืจ ื’ืขื˜ืจื™ื™ื˜ ื›ืœื” ... 


ืœื™ืขื‘ืข, ื–ื™ืกืข, ื˜ื”ื™ื™ืขืจืข ืื•ืŸ ื’ืขื˜ืจื™ื™ืข ื ืฉื˜ื” ืžื™ื™ื ืข ! 

ื’ื™ื™ืŸ, ื“ื• ื”ืึธืกื˜ ื–ื™ืš ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื˜ื•ืขื” ื ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ, ืžื™ื™ืŸ ื˜ื”ื™ื™ืขืจืข ื›ืœื” ! 
ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืคึผืฉื•ื˜ืข ืงืืœื˜ืข ื•ืขืจื˜ืขืจ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื“ืึธืก ื’ืขื•ืขืŸ, ื ืึธืจ ื ืข- 
ืคื™ื”ืœืขืŸ, ืฐืึธืก ื’ื™ืคืขืŸ ื–ื™ืš ืึทืจื•ื™ืก ื’ืœื™ื™ืš ืคื•ื 'ื ื”ืืจืฆืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ ื’ื™ืžืขืŸ ื–ื™ืš 
ืืจื™ื™ืŸ ืฆื• ื™ืขื ืขื; ืคืขื“ื™ื, ืฐืึธืก ืฆื™ื”ืขืŸ ื–ื™ืš ื ืœื™ื™ืš ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ื ืฉืžื” 
ืื•ืŸ ืฆื™ื”ืขืŸ-ืฆืŸ ืฆืŸ ื–ื™ืš ืื•ืŸ ืคืขืจื‘ื™ื ื“ืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืžืขืจืงื ื™ืคืขืŸ ืฆื•ื•ื™ื™ ื™ื•ื ื ืข 
ื ืฉื˜ื•ืช ืื•ื™ืฃ ืฉื˜ืขื ื“ื™ื’, ืื•ื™ืฃ ืื™ื™ื‘ื™ื’, ืื•ื™ืฃ ืื™ื™ื‘ื™ื’. ืึธื˜ื-ื™ืขื ืข 
ืื™ื™ื’ืขื ืข ืงืึทืžืขืœื™ืข ืžืœืื›ื™ื, ืฐืึธืก ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ ื“ื™ืจ ืึธืคึผื’ืขื ืขื‘ืขืŸ ื ื’ืจื•ืก 
ืคื•ืŸ ืžื™ืจ, ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ ืžื™ื“ ื’ืขื‘ืจืื›ื˜ ืฆื• ื˜ืจืึทื ืขืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ืจ ื ืึธืš ื ืกืš 8 
ืคืจื™ื™ื ื“ืœื™ื›ืขืจืขืŸ ื’ืจื•ืก, ืื•ืŸ ืกื™ื˜ ื“ืขืจ ืื™ื™ื ืขื ืขืจ ืงืืคืขืœื™ืข ืžืœืื›ื™ื 
ืฉื™ืง ืื™ืš ื“ื™ืจ ืื™ื‘ืขืจ ืื™ืฆื˜ืขืจ, ืžื™ื™ืŸ ื˜ื”ื™ื™ืขืจ ื”ืืจืฅ, ื ื”ื™ื™ืกืขืŸ ืงื•ืฉ, 
ื ื”ื™ื™ืœื™ื’ืขืŸ ืงื•ืฉ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืื™ื™ื‘ื™ื ืขืŸ, ืื™ื™ื‘ื™ื ืขืŸ ืคืจื™ื™ื ื“, ืฐืึธืก ื˜ืจืึทื ื˜ 
ืจื™ื™ืŸ ื›ื™ื›ื˜ื™ื’ ื ืขืฉื˜ืืœื˜ ื‘ื™ื™ ื–ื™ืš ืื™ืŸ ื”ืึทืจืฆืขืŸ ืชืžื™ื“, ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ืขืจ ืฐื•ืึธื”ืจ 
ืื•ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื—ืœื•ื. 

ืžื•ืŸ ืกื™ืจ ื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ืจืขื ืขื ื“ื™ื  ืคืขืจืœื™ืขื‘ื˜ืขืจ ื—ืชืŸ ... 


109 ืฉืœื•ื-ืขืœื•ื›ื˜ 


ื“ืึธืก ื•ื™ืขื‘ืขื˜ืข ืงืืคึผื™ื˜ืขืœ 


{ ืžืึทื˜ืขืจื™ืืœ ืคืึทืจ ืึท ื ื™ื™ืขื ื‘ืจื™ืขืคืขื ืฉื˜ืขืœืขืจ}. 


ื ืคื•ื ืง ื•ื•ืขืจื“ ืื•ืžื ืขื”ืจืขืŸ ืคึผืขืจื˜ืจืึธื ืขืŸ ื ืึธื˜ ื•ื•ื™ื™ืกื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ืฐืึทื ืขืŸ 
ืื•ืŸ ืคืึทืœื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื ืฉื˜ืจื•ื™ืขื ืขื ื“ืืš, ืฆื™ื ื“ื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืึธืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขื ืึท 
ืคื™ื™ืขืจืข?; ืงื•ืžื˜ ื“ืขืจ ื•ื•ื™ื ื“ ืื•ืŸ ืฆืขื‘ืœืึธื–ื˜ ื“ืึธืก ืคื™ื™ืขืจืขืœ, ืื•ึผืŸ ืขืก 
ื•ื•ืขืจื“ ืึท ื”ืขืœื™ืฉ ืคื™ื™ืขืจ, ืึท ืฉืจืคื”, ื ืฉืจืคื” ! 

ื“ื™ ืขืจืฉื˜ืข ื‘ืจื™ื•ื•ืœืขืš ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืขืจืฉื˜ืขืจ ืคื•ื ืง, ืฐืึธืก 
ื”ืึธื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืฆืขื‘ืœืึธื–ืขืŸ, ืฆืขื‘ืจืขื ื˜ ืื•ืŸ ืฆืขืคืœืึทืงืขืจื˜ ืื™ืŸ ืึท ื”ืขืœื™ืฉ ืคึผื™ื™ืขืจ. 
ื“ื™ ื‘ืจื™ื•ื•ืœืขืš ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ืฐืึธืก ื•ื•ื™ื™ื˜ืขืจ ืึทืœืฅ ื”ื™ื™ืกืขืจ ืื•ืŸ ื”ื™ื™ืกืขืจ ; 
ื“ืึธืก ืคื™ื™ืขืจ ืื™ื– ื’ืขื•ืื›ืคืขืŸ ืฐืึธืก ื•ื•ื™ื™ื˜ืขืจ ืึทืœืฅ ื’ืจืขืกืขืจ ืื•ืŸ ืฉื˜ืึทืจ- 
ืงืขืจ,. ืขืก ื”ืึธื˜ ืืฑืคื’ืขื‘ืจืึธื›ืขืŸ ืึท ื’ืจื•ื™ืกืข, ืึท ืžื•ืจื'ื“ื™ื’ืข ืฉืจืคื— ื‘ื™ื™ 
ืžื™ืจืš ืื™ืŸ ื”ืึทืจืฆืขืŸ, ืึท ืคื™ื™ืขืจ ื”ืึธื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืฆืขืฐืึธืจืคืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืžื™ื™ืŸ ื•ืึทื ืฆืขืŸ 
ืœื™ื™ื‘, ืึธื ื ื’ืขืฆื•ื ื“ืขืŸ ืึทืœืข ืžื™ื™ื ืข ื ืขืจื•ื•ืขืŸ, ืื•ื™ืคื ืขื–ืึธื“ืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืื•ื™ืคื ืข- 
ืงืึธื›ื˜ ืžื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ืœื•ื˜, ืžื™ืš ื’ืขืžืึทื›ื˜ ืงืจืึทื ืง, ืื•ื™ืก ืžืขื ืฉ. ืื™ืš ื”ืึธืื‘ 
ืคืขืจืœืึธืจืขืŸ ื“ืขื ืึทืคึผืขื˜ื™ื˜ ืฆื•ื ืขืกืขืŸ, ืื™ืš ื”ืึธื‘ ืื•ื™ืคื ืขื”ืขืจื˜ ืฉืœืึธืคึผืขืŸ, 
ืื™ืš ื‘ื™ืŸ ืึทืจื•ืžื’ืขื’ืึทื ื’ืขืŸ ื•ื™ ืึท ืฆืขื“ื•ืœื˜ืขืจ. ืžื™ื™ืŸ ื ืฉืžื” ืื™ื– ื’ืขืœืขื ืขืŸ 
ื“ืึธืจื˜ืขืŸ, ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ื‘ืจื™ื•ื•ืœืขืš, ืื•ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ ื˜ืึทืงื™ ืื™ื– ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ืžื™ื™ืŸ ืื™ื™ื - 
ืฆื™ื ืขืจ ื˜ืจื™ื™ืคื˜ ืื•ืŸ ืžื™ื™ืŸ ืคืจื™ื™ื“, ืึท ื‘ืจื™ืขืฃ ืึทื– ืขืก ืคืœืขื ื˜ ืึธื ืงื•ืžืขืŸ, 
ืื™ื– ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ื‘ื™ื™ ืžื™ืจ ืึท ื™ื•ื-ื˜ื•ื›; ืื™ืš ื”ืึธื‘ ื“ืขื ื‘ืจื™ืขืฃ ื ืขืขืคืขื ื˜, 
ืื™ืš ื”ืึธื‘ ืื™ื”ื ื’ืขืœื™ื™ืขื ื˜ ืื•ืŸ ืื™ืš ื”ืึธื‘ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืื™ื”ื ื’ืขืขื ื˜ืคืขืจื˜. 
ืžื™ื™ืŸ ืชืœืžื™ื“ ื”ืึธื˜ ื ืึธืจ ื‘ืขื“ืึทืจืคื˜ ืื™ื‘ืขืจืฉืจื™ื™ื‘ืขืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ืึทื ื“, 
ืื•ืŸ ืื™ืš ื”ืึธื‘ ืื™ื”ื ื‘ืขื“ืึทืจืคื˜ ืื•ื ื˜ืขืจื˜ืจื™ื™ื‘ืขืŸ ืฆื• ื“ืขืจ ืึทืจื‘ื™ื™ื˜. 
ืื•ืŸ ื•ื•ื™ืคื™ืข?ืœ ื”ืึธื˜ ื“ืึธืก ืžื™ืš ื’ืขืงืึธืกื˜ ื‘ืœื•ื˜, ืึทื– ืื™ืš ื”ืึธื‘ ื‘ืขื“ืึทืจืคื˜ 
ื˜ืจืึธื’ืขืŸ ื“ืขื ื•ื•ืขื”ื˜ื™ื’ ืื™ื ื•ื•ืขื ื™ื  ื‘ื™ื™ ื–ื™ืš ืื™ืŸ ื”ืึทืจืฆืขืŸ ื˜ื™ืขืฃ-ื˜ื™ืขืฃ 
ืคืขืจื‘ืึธืจื’ืขืŸ, ื–ื™ืš ื‘ืขื”ืืœื˜ืขืŸ ื‘ื—ื“ืจื™-ื—ื“ืจื™ื ืžื™ื˜'ืŸ ืงืึธืคึผ ืื™ืŸ ืงื™ืฉืขืŸ 
ืื•ืŸ ืฉื˜ื™ืœืขืจื—ื™ื™ื“ ื–ื™ืš ืื•ื™ืกื•ื•ื™ื™ื ืขืŸ, ืื•ื™ืคืฉื˜ืขื”ืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืžืึทื›ืขืŸ ืึท ืคืจื™ื™ืœื™ืš 
ืžืคึผื ื™ื ืื•ืŸ ื–ื™ืš ื–ืขืฆืขืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ืžื™ื™ืŸ ืœื™ืขื‘ืขืŸ ืชืœืžื™ื“ ืฆื• ื“ืขืจ ืึทืจื‘ื™ื™ื -- 
ืฉืคื™ืขืœืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ , ื“ืึธืžืงืขืก? ืึธื“ืขืจ ืื™ืŸ , ื–ืขื›ืก-ืื•ืŸ-ื–ืขื›ืฆื™ื’". 


ื˜ื•ื•ืŸ ืขืจืฉื˜ืขืจ ืจืึธืžืึทืŸ 188 


ืื™ื™ืŸ ืฉื˜ื™ืงืขืœ ื’ืœื™ืง ืื™ื– ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ, ืฐืึธื˜ ืงื™ื™ื ืขืจ ื”ืึธื˜ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื‘ืข- 
ืžืขืจืงื ืื•ื™ืฃ ืžื™ื™ืŸ ืคึผื ื™ื, ืึทื– ืื™ืš ื’ืขื”-ืื•ื™ื, ืื– ืื™ืš ืฆืึทื ืง, ืฐื™ ื 
ืœื™ื‘ื˜. ืื™ื™ืŸ ืฉื˜ื™ืงืขืœ ื’ืœื™ืง, ืฐืึธืก ืžื™ื™ืŸ ืชืœืžื™ืจ ื”ืึธื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืฆื• ืžื™ืจ ื ื™ื˜ 
ืฉื–ื•ื™ ืฉื˜ืึทืจืง ืฆื•ื’ืขืงื•ืกื˜ { ื•ืขืŸ ืขืจ ื–ืึธืœ ื–ื™ืš ืฆื• ืกื™ืจ ืฉื˜ืืจืง ืฆื•- 
ืกื•ืงืขืŸ, ืฐืึธืœื˜ ืขืจ ืžื™ืš ื’ืขื•ื•ื™ืก ื’ืขืคึผืึทืงื˜.. ืื™ืš ืฉื˜ืขืœ ืžื™ืจ ืคืึธืจ, ืฐืึธืก 
ืคืืจ ืึท ืคึผื ื™ื ืื™ืš ืฐืึธืœื˜ ื‘ื™ื™ ืื™ื—ื ื’ืขื”ืื˜ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืื•ื™ื’ืขืŸ, ื•ื•ืขืŸ ืขืจ 
ื–ืขื”ื˜ ืžื™ืš ืงื•ืฉืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื›ืœื”'ืก ื‘ืจื™ื•ื•ืœืขืš ืคื•ืŸ ืึทืœืข ื–ื™ื™ื˜ืขืŸ !... ืื•ืŸ ืฐื•ื™ 
ืึทื–ืฑ ืงื•ืฉื˜ ืžืขืŸ ื ื™ื ืึทื–ืขืœื›ืข ื‘ืจื™ื•ื•ืœืขืš? ื–ืขื”ื˜ ืืœื™ื™ืŸ ืฐืึธืก ื–ื™ 
ืฉืจื™ื™ื‘ื˜ ืฆื• ืžื™ืจ ; 


ืžื™ื™ืŸ ืขื ื’ืขืœ, ืžื™ื™ืŸ ื ืฉืžื—, ืžื™ื™ืŸ ื˜ืจื™ื™ืกื˜ ! 


ืื™ืš ื“ืืจืฃ ื“ื™ืจ ื–ืึทื ืขืŸ ื“ืขื ืืžืช. ืื™ืš ื‘ื™ืŸ ื–ื™ืš ืžื•ื“ื— ืคึฟืึทืจ ื“ื™ืจ, 
ืžื™ื™ืŸ ื˜ื”ื™ื™ืขืจืขืจ, ืื– ืื™ืš ื”ืึธื‘ ื“ื™ืš ื‘ื™ื– ืึทื”ืขืจ ื ื™ื˜ ื’ืขืงืขื ื˜. ืื™ืฃ 
ื”ืึธื‘ ืžื™ืจ ืงื™ื™ื ืžืึธืœ ื ื™ื˜ ืคืึธืจื’ืขืฉื˜ืขืœื˜, ืึทื– ืื™ืš ืฐืข? ื’ืขืคื™ื ืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ 
ื“ื™ืจ ืึทื–ื ืงื•ื•ืืœ ืคื•ืŸ ืกืึทืžืข ื’ืขื”ื•ื™ื‘ืขื ืข ื’ืขืคื™ื—ืœืขืŸ, ืคื•ืŸ ืกืืžืข ื”ื•ื™ื›ืข 
ื’ืขื“ืึทื ืงืขืŸ, ืคื•ืŸ ื˜ืึทืžืข ื˜ื™ืขืคืขืŸ ืคืขืจืฉื˜ืื ื“, ืื•ืŸ ืึทื–ืึท ืื™ื™ืŸ ืื•ืฆืจ ืคื•ืŸ 
ื•ื•ื™ืกืขื ืฉืืคื˜ ! ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ื™ื ืข ืงืœื•ื ืข ื•ื•ืขืจื˜ืขืจ ื–ืขื” ืื™ืš ืืจื•ื™ืก, ื•ื™ ื•ื•ื™ื™ื˜ 
ื“ื• ื‘ื™ื–ื ื‘ืขืœืขื–ืขืŸ, ื•ื™ ื•ื•ื™ื™ื˜ ื“ื• ื‘ื™ื–ื˜ ืคื•ืœ ืื•ืžืขื“ื•ื ! 


ืื•ืŸ ืขืก ื•ื•ืื•ื ื“ืขืจื˜ ืžื™ืš ื–ืขื—ืจ, ืคึฟืึทืจ ืฐืึธืก ื”ืึธื‘ ืื™ืš ื“ืึธืก ื ื™ืฉื˜ 
ื’ืขื•ื•ืื•ืกื˜ ืคืจื™ื”ืขืจ ? ื“ืึธืก ื‘ืขื•ื•ื™ื™ื–ื˜ ืžื™ืจ ื ืึธืจ ื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืชืžื™ืžื•ืช ืžื™ื˜ ืจื™ื™ืŸ 
ืคึผืจืึธืกื˜ืงืฒื˜, ืฐืึธืก ื ืขื›ืขืŸ ื“ื™ืจ ืฆื• ื—ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืžื™ื™ื ืข ืื•ื™ื’ืขืŸ ื ืึธืš ืžืขื”ืจ 
ื–ื™ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืื”ืขืจ. ื–ืึธืœ ืื™ืš ืžื™ืš ื ื™ื˜ ืฉืขืฆืขืŸ ืคืึทืจ ืื™ื™ื ืข ื ื’ืœื™ืงืœื™ื›ืข, 
ืฐืึธืก ืžื™ื™ืŸ ื’ื•ึนืจ? ืื™ืŸ ื’ืขืคืืœืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื ืžืขื ืฉืขืŸ, ืฐืึธืก ืื™ืŸ ืื™ื”ื 
ืฉืคึผื™ืขื’ืœืขืŸ ื–ื™ืš ืึดืคึผ ืึทืœืข ื‘ืขืกื˜ืข ืžืขืœื•ืช : ืฉืขื ืงื™ื™ื˜, ืงืœื•ื ืฉืฉืคื˜, ืงืขื - 
ื˜ืขื ื™ืฉ, ืชืžื™ืžื•ืช ืื•ืŸ ื’ื•ื˜ืกืงื™ื™ื˜ 4 ื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื’ื•ื˜ืกืงื™ื™ื˜ ืงื•ืกื˜-ืืจื•ื™ืก ืคื•ืŸ 
ื“ื™ื™ื ืข ื–ื™ืกืข ืงืœื•ื ืข ืฐื•ืขืจื˜ืขืจ. ื“ื• ื˜ื”ื•ืกื˜ ืžื™ืš ื‘ืขืฉืขื ืงืขืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ื™ื ืข 
ืœื™ืขื‘ืข ื‘ืจื™ืขืฃ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืžื™ืœื“ืขืจ ื”ืึทื ื“, ืื•ืŸ ืื™ืš ื“ืึทื ืง ื“ื™ืจ ื˜ื•ื™ื–ืขื ื“ 
ืžืึธืœ, ืื•ืŸ ืื™ืš ื‘ืขื˜ ื“ื™ืš ืื•ื™ืฃ ื•ื•ื™ื™ื˜ืขืจ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืžืคืขืจื’ืขืกืขืŸ. 


ื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื’ืขื˜ืจื™ื™ืข ืื•ืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืื™ื™ื‘ื™ื’ ื“ื™ืš ืœื™ืขื‘ืขื ื“ืข ื›ืœื— ... 


154 ืฉืœื•ื-ืฉืœื•ื‘ื˜ 


ื“ืขืจื•ื™ืฃ ื”ืึธื‘ ืื™ืš ืื™ื”ืจ ื’ืขืขื ื˜ืคืขืจื˜ ืึท ื‘ื™ืกืขืœ ืคืขืจืฉื˜ืขืœื˜ : 
ืžื™ื™ืŸ ื˜ื”ื™ื™ืขืจืข, ืžื™ื™ืŸ ืœื™ืขื‘ืข, ืžื™ื™ืŸ ืงืœื•ื’ืข ืื•ืŸ ืžื™ื™ืŸ ื•ื•ืืฑืœืข! 
ื“ื• ื”ืึธืกื˜ ืžื™ืš ื ื™ื˜ ื ืขืงืขื ื˜ ื“ืขืจืคืืจ, ื•ื•ื™ื™ืœ ื“ื• ื”ืึธืกื˜ ืžื™ืš ื ื™ื˜ ื’ื ืข" 
ื–ืขื”ืŸ, ืื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจ, ืฐืึธืก ื“ื• ื”ืึธืกื˜ ืื™ื”ื ื’ืขื–ืขื”ืŸ, ืื™ื– ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ื ื™ื ืื™ืš, 
ื ืึธืจ ืึตื™ื™ืŸ ืึธืคึผืฉื™ื™ืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ืžื™ืจ ืฉื˜ืขืœ ื“ื™ืจ ืคืึธืจ, ืึทืŸ ืžื™ืจ ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ ื–ื™ืš 
ื ืึธืจ-ืฐืึธืก ื‘ืขืงืขื ื˜, ืึทื– ืžื™ืจ ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ ื–ื™ืš ื ืึธืš ื’ืึธืจื ื™ืฉื˜ ื’ืขื–ืขื”ืŸ, ืึทืŸ 
ืžื™ืจ ื‘ื™ื™ื“ืข ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื ื™ื™ื’ืขื‘ืึธืจืขืŸ, ืื•ืŸ ืืš! ืฐื™ ื’ืœื™ืงืœื™ืš ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืžื™ืจ, 
ืฐืึธืก ืžื™ืจ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื“ื™ ื•ื•ืขืœื˜, ื“ื™ ืคืืœืฉืข ื‘ื™ื˜ืขืจืข ื•ื•ืข?ื˜ ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ 
ืคืืœืฉืข ื‘ื™ื˜ืขืจืข ืžืขื ืฉืขืŸ !.. 
ืคื•ืŸ ืžื™ืจ ื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืฉืžืขืจื‘ืœื™ืš ืคืขืจืœื™ืขื‘ื˜ืขืจ ื—ืชืŸ . . . 


ื”ืึธื‘ ืื™ืš ื‘ืขืงื•ืžืขืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ืื™ื—ืจ ืึทื–ืึท ืžื™ืŸ ืขื ื˜ืคืขืจ: . 

ืžื™ื™ืŸ ืœื™ืขื‘ืขืจ, ืžื™ื™ืŸ ื˜ื”ื™ื™ืขืจืขืจ, ืžื™ื™ืŸ ืžืœืืš ืคื•ืŸ ื’ืึธื˜ ! ื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื–ื™ื˜ืขืŸ 
ื‘ืจื™ืขืฃ, ืฐืึธืก ืื™ืš ื”ืึธื‘ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ืจ ื“ืขืจื”ืืœื˜ืขืŸ, ืื™ื– ืคืึทืจ ืžื™ืจ ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ืึท 
ืกืคืจ ื”ื—ืชื•ื, ืึท ืจืขื˜ืขื ื™ืฉ. ื“ื•ึน ืฉืจื™ื™ื‘ืกื˜ ืึทื–ืฑ ืคืขืจืฉื˜ืขืœื˜, ืึทื– ืื™ืš 
ื‘ืขื“ืืจืฃ ืžื™ืจ ืคืึทื ื’ ื‘ืจืขื›ืขืŸ ื“ืขื ืžื—, ื‘ื™ื– ืื™ืš ื–ืึธืœ ื“ื™ืš ืคืขืจืฉื˜ืขื”ืŸ, 
ืื•ืŸ ืžื™ืจ ื“ืื›ื˜, ืื– ืื™ืš ืžืขื’ ืžื™ืš ืื™ื‘ืขืจื ืขืžืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ ื–ืึธื’ืขืŸ, ืึทื– ืื™ืš 
ืคืขืจืฉื˜ืขื— ื“ื™ืš ืึทืงื•ืจืึทื˜. ื“ื•ึน ื–ืึธื’ืกื˜, ืึทื– ืžื™ืจ ื“ืืจืคืขืŸ ื–ื™ืš ืฉืขืฆืขืŸ 
ื ืœื™ืงืœื™ืš, ืฐืึธืก ืžื™ืจ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื ืึธืš ื ื™ื˜ ื“ื™ ืคืึทืœืฉืข ื‘ื™ื˜ืขืจืข ื•ื•ืขืœื˜ ื˜ื™ื˜ 
ื“ื™ ืคืืœืฉืข ื‘ื™ื˜ืขืจืข ืžืขื ืฉืขืŸ. ืก'ืื™ื– ื ืกื™ืžืŸ ืื– ืื™ืš ื‘ื™ืŸ ืกื˜ืงื™ 
ืื™ื™ื ืข ืื™ื™ืŸ ืื•ืžื’ืœื™ืงืœื™ื›ืข, ืฐืึธืจื•ื ืื™ืš ืงืขืŸ ืฉื•ึนื™ืŸ ื’ืจืึทื“ืข ื™ื ื“ื™ ืคืึทืœ- 
ืฉืข ื‘ื™ื˜ืขืจืข ื•ื•ืขืœื˜ ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ ืคืืœืฉืข ื‘ื™ื˜ืขืจืข ืžืขื ืฉืขืŸ ! ืื•ืŸ ื•ื™ ื–ื™ืก 
ืื™ื– ืžื™ืจ ืฆื• ื“ืขื ืงืขืŸ, ืึทื– ืก'ืื™ื– ืคืึทืจื”ืืŸ ื—ืึธื˜ืฉ ืื™ื™ื ืขืจ ื ืœื™ื™ื˜ื™ืฉืขืจ 
ืื•ืŸ ืึท ืคื™ื™ื ืขืจ, ืึทึตื™ื™ืŸ ืืžืช'ืขืจ, ืึท ืงืœื•ื ืขืจ ืื•ืŸ 8 ื’ื ื•ื˜ืขืจ ืžืขื ืฉ, ืื•ืŸ 
ื“ืขืจ ืื™ื™ื ืขืจ --- ื“ืึธืก ื‘ื™ื–ื˜ ื“ื•, ืžื™ื™ืŸ ืื•ื™ืกื“ืขืจื•ื•ืขื”ืœื˜ืขืจ ื‘ืขืฉืขืจื˜ืขืจ. 
ื–ื™ ื ืขื–ื•ื ื“, ืžื™ื™ืŸ ื˜ื”ื™ื™ืขืจืขืจ. ืฉืจื™ื™ื‘ ืžื™ืจ, ืฐืึธืก ืœื™ื™ืขื ืกื˜ ื“ื• ืึทืฆื™ื ื“ 
ืื•ืŸ ืฐืึธืก ืคืึทืจ ืึท ื‘ื™ื›ืขืจ ืงืึธื ืกื˜ ื“ื• ืžื™ืจ ืจืขืงืึทืžืขื ื“ื™ืจืขืŸ ืฆื•ื ืœื™ื™ืขื ืขืŸ ? 
ืื™ืš ืงื•ื•ืขื˜ืฉ ื“ื™ืจ ื“ื™ ื”ืึทื ื“ ืžื™ื˜ ื ืจื•ื™ืก ืœื™ืขื‘ืฉืึทืคื˜ ืื•ืŸ ื‘ืœื™ื™ื‘ ืื•ื™ืฃ 
ืื™ื™ื‘ื™ื’ 

ื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื’ืขื˜ืจื™ื™ืข, ื’ืขื˜ืจื™ื™ืข ื›ืœื” . . . 


8 
ื–ื› 


ืžื•ื•ืŸ ืขืจืฉื˜ืขืจ ืจืึธืžืึทืŸ 


ื”ืื‘ ืื™ืš ื“ืขืจื•ื™ืฃ ื’ืขืขื ื˜ืคืขืจื˜ ื‘ื–ื• ื”ืœืฉื•ืŸ : 

ืžื™ื™ืŸ ื›ืขื ืขืŸ, ืžื™ื™ืŸ ื•ืขืœืข, ืžื™ื™ืŸ ื ืŸ-ืขื“ืŸ ! | 

ืื– ื“ื• ื•ื•ืื•ื ื“ืขืจืกื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืึทื–ืฑ ืืฑื™ืฃ ืžื™ืจ, ื”ื™ื™ื ื˜ ืฐืึธืก ืคืึทืจ ืฉ 
ื—ื™ื“ื•ืฉ, ื•ืืก ืคืึทืจ ืึท ื“ืขื˜ืขื ื™ืฉ ื‘ืขื“ืึทืจืคืกื˜ ื“ื• ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืคืืจ ืžื™ืจ ? 
ืื™ืš ื”ืึธื‘ ืžื™ืจ ืงื™ื™ื ื˜ืึธ? ื ื™ื˜ ืคืึธืจื’ืขืฉื˜ืขืœื˜ ืื™ืŸ ื—ืœื•ื ืืคื™ืœื•, ืึทื– ืื™ืš 
ื–ืึธืœ ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ ื˜ื–ืขืœืœืข ื‘ืจื™ืขืฃ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ืจ! ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื’ืขืฆืขื—ืœื˜ืข ืœืฉื•" 
ืงื•ื“ืฉ ื•ื•ืขืจื˜ืขืจ, ืฐืึธื˜ ืฐืึทืจืคืขืŸ ื–ื™ืš ื“ื•ืจืš ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ื™ื ืข ื‘ืจื™ืขืฃ, ื–ืขื” ืื™ืš 
ืืจื•ื™ืก, ืึทื– ื“ื™ื“ ืื™ื– ื ื™ื˜ ืคืจืขืžื“ ืื•ื ื–ืขืจ ื”ื™ื™ืœื™ื’ืข ืฉืคึผืจืืš. ืึธ, ื“ืขืจ" 
ืžืืจ ืืœื™ื™ืŸ ืฉืขืฅ ืื™ืš ื“ื™ืš ืื–ื•ื™ ื”ื•ื™ืš, 8ื• ืื™ืš ื”ืึธื‘ ืžื•ืจื, ืื™ืš ื‘'ืŸ 
ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื•ื•ืขืจื˜ื— ื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื ืึธืžืขืŸ ืฆื• ื“ืขืจืžืื ืขืŸ ! ืื™ืš ืงื•ืง ืื•ื™ืฃ ืจื™ื™ืŸ ืคึผืึธืš- 
ื˜ืจืขื ืื•ืŸ ื–ืึธื’ ื–ื™ืš ืึทืคึฟื™ื™ืŸ : ืื˜ ื“ืึธืก ืื™ืŸ ื–ื™, ื“ื™ ืขืžืช'ืข ืื™ืจื™ืฉืข 
ื˜ืึทื›ื˜ืขืจ ! ืึธื˜ ื“ืึธืก ืื™ื– ืžื™ื™ืŸ ืื™ื“ืขืืœ ืื•ืŸ ืคืืจ ื“ื™ืจ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืื™ืš ื’ืจื™ื™ื 
ืึทืœืข ืžื™ื ื•ื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืžืงืจื™ื‘ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ืžื™ื™ืŸ ื’ืึทื ืฆืขืŸ ืœืขื‘ืขืŸ ! ื“ื•ึน ืคืจืขื’ืกื˜ 
ืžื™ืš, ืฐืึธื˜ ื–ืึธืœื˜ื˜ ื“ื• ืœื™ื™ืขื ืขืŸ ? ืื™ืš ืฉื™ืง ื“ื™ืจ ื“ืึธ ื ื’ืื ืฅ ืฆืขื˜ืขืœ 
ืžื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื›ืขืกื˜ืข ืจื•ืกื™ืฉืข ืื•ืŸ ืื•ื™ืกืœืขื ื“ื™ืฉืข ืงืœืฉืกื™ืงืขืจ, ื•ื™ ื’ืึธื ืึธืœ, 
ื˜ื•ืจื’ืขื ื™ืขื•ื•, ื˜ืึธืœืกื˜ืึดื™, ื“ืึธืกื˜ืื™ืขื•ื•ื˜ืงื™, ืคึผื•ืฉืงื™ืŸ, ืœืขืจืžืึทื ื˜ืึธื•, ืฉืขืง" 
ืกืคึผื™ืจ, ื’ืขื˜ืข, ืฉื™ืœืขืจ, ื”ื™ื™ื ืข, ื‘ืขืจื ืข. ืื™ืš ื”ืึธืฃ, ืึทื– ื“ื• ื•ื•ืขืกื˜ ื’ืขื•ื•ื™ื˜ 
ื”ื ืื” ื”ืึธื ืขืŸ,. ืื•ืŸ ืฉืจื™ื™ื‘ ืžื™ืจ ื‘ืึทืœื“ ืขื ื˜ืคืขืจ, ืฐืึธืจื•ื˜ ื“ืขืจ ืžึนึธื”, 
ืฐืึธืก ืื™ืš ื”ืึธื‘ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืึท ื‘ืจื™ืขืฃ, ืื™ื– ื‘ื™ื™ ืžื™ืจ ื ื™ื•ื"ื˜ื•ื‘. ืœืขื‘ 
ืฐืึธื”?, ืžื™ื™ืŸ ื˜ื”ื™ื™ืขืจืข ! ืœืขื‘ ืฐืึธื—ืœ, ืžื™ื™ืŸ ื’ืขื˜ืจื™ื™ืข ! ืฐื™ ืขืก ื•ื•ื™ื ืฉื 
ื“ื™ืจ ืคื•ืŸ ื˜ื™ืขืคืขืŸ ื”ืืจืฆืขืŸ 

ื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื“ื™ืš ืœื™ืขื‘ืขื ื“ืขืจ ืื•ืŸ ื•ื•ื™ื‘ืขืจื’ืขื‘ืขื ืขืจ ื—ืชืŸ โ€ +ื™ 

ื”ืึธื˜ ื–ื™ ืกื™ืจ ื“ืขืจื•ื™ืฃ 8ื•ื•ื™ ื’ืขืขื ื˜ืคืขืจื˜ : 

ืžื™ื™ืŸ ืงืจื•ื™ืŸ, ืžื™ื™ืŸ ืฉืืฅ, ืžื™ื™ืŸ ื˜ืจื™ื™ืกื˜, ืžื™ื™ืŸ ื”ืืจืฅ ! 

ืื™ืš ืคืขืจืฉื˜ืขื— ื ื™ื˜, ืฐืึธืก ื“ื• ื‘ื™ื–ื˜ ืื–ื•ื™ ื ืชืคึผืข? ื’ืขืฐืึธืจืขืŸ ืคื•ืŸ 
ื ืคึผืืจ ืœืฉื•ืŸ-ืงื•ื“ืฉื™ื•ื•ืขืจื˜ืขืจ, ืฐืึธืก ื“ื• ื”ืึธืกื˜ ื‘ืขื’ืขื’ืขื ื˜ ืื™ืŸ ืžื™ื™ื ืข 
ื‘ืจื™ืขืฃ ! ืœืฉื•ื“ื”ืงื•ื“ืฉ --- ื“ืึธืก ืื™ื– ื“ืึธืš ืื•ื ื–ืขืจ ื ืึทืฆื™ืึทื ืึทืœื™ืฉืคึผืจืึทืŸ, 
ื“ืึธืก ื—ื•ื˜ืฉ -- ื“ืึธืก ืื™ื– ื“ืึธืš ืื•ื ื–ืขืจ ืื™ื™ื ืฆื™ื ืขืจ ื ืืฆื™ืึธื ืึทืœ-ืคืึธื ื“, 
ืื•ื ื–ืขืจ ื ืื ื™ืฅ ืคืขืจืžืขื’ืขืŸ ! ืฐืึธืก ืคืืจ ื˜ ื“ืื ืง ืคืขืจื“ื™ืขื ื ืึท ืื™ื“ื™ืฉืข 
ื˜ืึทื›ื˜ืขืจ ื“ืขืจืžืึทืจ, ืฐืึธื˜ ื–ื™ ืคืขืจืฉื˜ืขื”ื˜ ืื™ื“ื™ืฉ ? ืฉืขืžืขืŸ ื‘ืขื“ืืจืฃ 


4 | ืฉืœื•ื-ืขืœื•ื›ื 


ื–ื™ืš ืึท ืื™ื“ื™ืฉืข ื˜ืึธื›ื˜ืขืจ, ืื•ื™ื‘ ื–ื™ ื•ื•ื™ื™ืกื˜ ื ื™ื˜ ื—ืึธื˜ืฉ ืขื˜ืœื™ื›ืข ืฉื™ืจื™ื 
ืคื•ืŸ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ื”ืœื•ื™ ืื•ื™ืกื•ื•ืขื ื™ื’; ื ื—ืจืคึผื” ืื•ืŸ ืึท ื‘ื•ืฉื” ื‘ืขื“ืืจืฃ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ 
ืื•ื ื– ืืœืขืžืขืŸ, ืึทื– ื ืื™ื“ื™ืฉ ืžื™ื™ื“ืขืœ, ืฐืึธืกึผ ื”ืึธื˜ ื“ื•ืจื›ื’ืขืžืื›ื˜ ื 
ื’ื™ืžื ืึทื–ื™ืข, ื•ื•ื™ื™ืกื˜ ื ื™ื ืฐื•ืขืจ ืื™ื– ืžืึทืคึผื•, ืœืขืฐื•ื™ื ื–ืึธื”ืŸ, ื˜ืžืืœืขื ืกืงื™ืŸ, 
ื’ืึธืจื“ืึธืŸ ื•ื›ื“ื•ืžื” ืื•ื ื–ืขืจืข ืื™ื™ื’ืขื ืข ืงืœืึทืกื™ืงืขืจ !... ืคืึทืจ ื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืฆืขื˜ืขืค 
ื“ืึทื ืง ืื™ืš ื“ื™ืจ ืคื™ืขืœ ืžืึธืœ, ืขืก ื˜ื—ื•ื˜ ืžื™ืจ ื‘ืื ื’, ืฐืึธืก ืื™ืš ื”ืื‘ 
ื“ื™ ืึทืœืข ืงืœืึทืกื™ืงืขืจ, ืฐืึธืก ื“ื• ื”ืึธืกื˜ ืžื™ืจ ืื•ื™ืกื’ืขืจืขื›ืขื ื˜, ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ืœืึทื ื’ 
ื“ื•ืจื›ื’ืขืœื™ื™ืขื ื˜ ืื™ื ืื™ื™ื ืขื ืžื™ื˜ ื ืึธืš ื‘ืขืจื™ื”ืžื˜ืข ืฉืจื™ื™ื‘ืขืจืก ืื•ืŸ ืคึผืึถืข- 
ื˜ืขืŸ, ืฐื™, ืœืžืฉืœ ; ื‘ื™ื™ืจืึธืŸ, ืกื•ื•ื™ืคื˜, ืกืขืจื•ื•ืื ื˜ืขืก, ื“ื™ืงืขื ืก, ื˜ืขืงืขืจื™ื™, 
ืฉืขืœื™, ื‘ืึทืœื–ืึทืก, ื“ืึธื“ืข, ื”ื•ื’ืึธ, ืกืขื ืงืขื•ื•ื™ื˜ืฉ, ืึทืจื•ืฉืขืฉืงืึธ, ืื•ืŸ ื ืึธืš 
ืื•ืŸ ื ืึธืš ื ืกืš ืึทื ื“ืขืจืข. ืื™ืš ื”ืึธื‘ ื’ืขืฐืึธืœื˜ ืขืคึผื™ืก ื ื™ื™ืขืก, ืขืคึผื™ืก ื 
ืคืจื™ืฉืข ื–ืึทืš ืื•ื™ืฃ ืฆื• ืœื™ื™ืขื ืขืŸ, ืื•ืŸ ื’ื ื™ื˜ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืจืึธืžืึทืŸ, ื ืึธืจ ืื™ื™ืŸ ืขืจื ืกื˜ 
ืฐื•ืึธืจื˜. 

ืคืขืจื‘ืœื™ื™ื‘ ื’ืขื–ื•ื ื“, ืžื™ื™ืŸ ืœื™ืขื‘ืขืจ ืื•ืŸ ืžื™ื™ืŸ ื–ื™ืคืขืจ, ืื•ืŸ ืฉืืฅ ืžื™ืš 
ื ื™ื˜ ืฆื• ื”ื•ื™ืš, ืฐืึธืจื•ื ืฐืึธืก ืฆื• ืื™ื– ืื™ื‘ืขืจื™ื’ ; ืื™ืš ื‘ื™ืŸ ืึท ื ืึทื ืฅ ื’ืข- 
ื•ื•ืขื”ื ืœื™ื›ืข ืื™ื“ื™ืฉืข ื˜ืึธื›ื˜ืขืจ, ืฐืึธืก ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ืจ ืื™ื‘ืขืจื’ืขื’ืขื‘ืขืŸ ืžื™ื˜ 
ืœื™ื™ื‘ ืื•ืŸ ืœืขื‘ืขืŸ. 

| ื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื’ืขื˜ืจื™ื™ืข ื‘ืœื— . .. 

ื”ืึธื‘ ืื™ืš ืื™ื”ืจ ื“ืขืจื•ื™ืฃ ื’ืขืขื ื˜ืคืขืจื˜.. 

ื ืึธืจ ื˜ืึธืžืขืจ ืฐืึธืœื˜ ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ื’ืขื ื•ื’ ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ืฆื• ื‘ืจืขื ื’ืขืŸ ื‘ืจื™ืขืฃ ืกืื™ 
ืคื•ืŸ ื—ืชื 'ืก ืฆื“, ืกืึทื™ ืคื•ืŸ ื›ืœื”'ืก ืฆื“ ? ืื™ืš ื”ืึธื‘ ืžื•ืจื, ืขืก ืฐืขื˜ 
ืื•ื™ืกืงื•ืžืขืŸ ื ื™ื ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืจืึทืžืึทืŸ, ื ืึธืจ ืึท ื‘ืจื™ืขืคืขื ืฉื˜ืขืœืขืจ. ืื™ืš ื“ืึทืจืฃ 
ื“ื ื–ืึธื ืขืŸ ื ืึธืจ ืื™ื™ืŸ ื–ืึทืš: ื“ื™ ื“ืึธื–ื™ื ืข ื‘ืจื™ืขืฃ ืœื™ื ืขืŸ ื ืึธืš ืขื“ ื—ื™ื•ื 
ื‘ื™ื™ ืžื™ืจ ืื™ืŸ ื˜ื™ืฉืงืขืกื˜ืขืค ื‘ืขื”ืึทืœื˜ืขืŸ, ืคืขืจืจื•ืงื˜ ื”ืขื˜ื•ื•ื™ื™ื˜ ืื™ืŸ ืึท 
ื•ื•ื™ื ืงืขืœืข. ืงื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ืŸ-ืื“ื ื”ืึธื˜ ื–ื™ื™ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืึธื ื ืขืงื•ืงื˜. ื–ื™ื™ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื‘ื™ื™ 
ืžื™ืจ ื˜ื—ื™ื™ืขืจ, ืฐื™ ืึทืœื˜ืข-ืึทืœื˜ืข ื›ืชื‘ื™ื, ืฉื˜ื™ืœืข ืขื“ื•ืช ืคื•ืŸ ืžื™ื™ื ืข ืขืจ- 
ืฉื˜ืข ืคืจื™ื™ื“ืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืœื™ื™ืจืขืŸ. ื–ื™ื™ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืกื’ืขื˜ืจื™ืงืขื ื˜ืข ืึธืคึผื ืขื‘ืœื™ืึท- 
ืงืขื•ื•ืขื˜ืข ื‘ืœื•ืžืขืŸ ืื•ื™ื'ืŸ ืงื‘ืจ ืคื•ืŸ ืžื™ื™ืŸ ืขืจืฉื˜ืขืจ ืœื™ืขื‘ืข, ืคื•ืŸ ืžื™ื™ืŸ 
ืขืจืฉื˜ืขืŸ ืจืึธืžืึทืŸ. 


ืžื•ื•ืŸ ืขืจืฉื˜ืขืจ ืจืึทืžืึทืŸ 187 


ื“ืึธืก ื˜ื›ื˜ืข ืกื˜ืคื™ื˜ืข5 
ืื™ืš ื‘ืึทื“ ื–ื™ื“ ืื™ืŸ ืœื™ื’ืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ ื’ืœื™ื” ืฐื™ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืคึผืืงืขืŸ). 


ื“ืขืจ ืžืขื ืฉ, ืฐืึธืก ืื™ืŸ ืคืขืจืœื™ืขื‘ื˜, ืงืึธืŸ ืžืขืŸ ื“ืึธืก ืื™ื‘ืขืจืœื™ื™ืขื ืขืŸ 
ื‘ื™ื™ ืื™ื”ื ืื•ื™ื'ืŸ ืคื ื™ื, ืึทืจืฑืกื–ืขื”ืขืŸ ื ืึธืš ื“ืขืจ ื ืึธืŸ; ืžืข ื‘ืขื“ืึทืจืฃ 
ื–ื™ืš ื ืึธืจ ืจืขื›ื˜ ืฆื•ืงื•ืงืขืŸ ืฆื•ึน ืื™ื”ื, ื•ื™ ื“ื™ ืื•ื™ื ืขืŸ ื‘ืœืึทื ื–ืขืŸ ื‘ื™ื™ ืื™ื”ื 
ื˜ืจื•ื, ื•ื™ ืขืจ ืฉืžื™ื™ื›ืขืœื˜ ืขืคึผื™ืก ืžืึธื“ื ืข, ื•ื™ ืขืจ ืขื ื˜ืคืขืจื˜ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืฆื• 
ื“ืขืจ ื–ืืš, ื•ื™ ืขืจ ืงื•ืงื˜ ืึทืœืข ืžื™ื ื•ื˜ ืื™ืŸ ืฉืคึผื™ืขื ืขืœ, ื‘ื™ื™ื˜ ืืœืข ื˜ืึธื’ 
ื“ืึธืก ื”ืืœื•ื˜ื™ื›ืขืค, ืื•ืŸ ืึทืŸ ืขืจ ื’ืขื”ื˜, ื˜ืึทื ืฆื˜ ืขืจ, ืื•ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืึท ื’ื•ื˜ืขืจ 
ืคืจื™ื™ื ื“ ื“ืขืจ ื’ืึทื ืฆืขืจ ื•ื•ืขืœื˜ --- ืขืจ ื–ืึธืœ ื–ื™ืš ื’ื™ื˜ ืฉืขืžืขืŸ ืคืึทืจ ืœื™ื™ื˜ืขืŸ, 
ื•ื•ืืœื˜ ืขืจ ื–ื™ืš ืฆืขืงื•ืฉื˜ ืžื™ื˜'ืŸ ืงื•ื™ืžืขื ืงืขื”ืจืขืจ.., 

ื ืึธืš ืžื™ืจ ืื™ืŸ ืื‘ืขืจ ื ื™ื ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ืฐืขืจ ืขื ื–ืึธืœ ื ืึธื›ืงื•ืงืขืŸ. ืืžืช, 
= ืคึผืึทืจ ืžืึธืœ ื”ืื˜ ืžื™ืš ืžื™ื™ืŸ ืชืœืžื™ื“ ืึท ืคืจืขื’ ื’ืขื˜ื”ืึธืŸ, ื‘ืฉืขืช ืžื™ืจ 
ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ ื’ืขืฉืคึผื™ืขืœื˜ ืื™ืŸ , ื“ืึธืžืงืขืก?, ืฐืึธืก ื‘ื™ืŸ ืื™ืš ืขืคึผื™ื ืึทื–ืฑื™ ืฆืข- 
ื˜ืจืึธื’ืขืŸ, ืฐืึธืก ืื™ืš ืฉืœืึธื  ืžื™ื™ื ืข ืื™ื™ื’ืขื ืข ืฆื™ื ืœืขืš 4 ื”ืึธื‘ ืื™ืš ืžื™ืฃ 
ื’ืขื•ื•ืื•ื ื“ืขืจื˜ ืื•ืŸ ื’ืขืคืจืขื ื˜ : ,ืฐืึธืกืขืจืข ืฆื™ื ืœืขืš 7? ืื•ื™ืš ืžื™ื™ืŸ ืคึผืจื•ื - 
ืฆื™ืคึผืึทืœ ื”ืึธื˜ ื‘ื™ื™'ื ื˜ื™ืฉ ื–ื™ืฆืขื ื“ื™ื’ ืžื™ืš ื ื—ื˜ืค ื’ืขื˜ื”ืึธืŸ, ืฐืึธืก ื”ืึธื‘ 
ืื™ืš ื˜ื•ื˜ ืฉืœืขื›ื˜ ืคึผื ื™ื ? ื”ืึธื˜ ืื™ื”ื ื“ื™ ื‘ืขืœ-ื—ื‘ื™ืช'ื˜ืข ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ 
ืฉืœื™ืกืœืขืŸ 8 ื–ืึธื’ ื’ืขื˜ื”ืึธืŸ (ื›ืœื•ืžืจืฉื˜ ืžื™ื˜ ื˜ ืจื—ืžื ื•ืช-ืคึผื ื™ื, ืื•ืŸ ืื™ืŸ 
ื”ืึทืจืฆืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืื•ื”ืจ ืฆื•ื’ืขืงื•ืžืขืŸ 8 ืฉื˜ื™ืง ื’ืขื–ื•ื ื“), ืื– ืคื•ืŸ ื ืฆื™ื™ื˜ ืื– 
ื“ืขืจ ืœืขื”ืจืขืจ ืขืกื˜ ื ืึธืจ ื ื™ื˜ |.. 

--- ืฐื•ืึธื˜ ืื™ื– ื“ื™ ืžืขืฉื” ? -- ื”ืึธื˜ ืžื™ืš ื“ืขืจ ืคึผืจื™ื ืฆื™ืคึผืืœ ื 
ืคืจืขื’ ื’ืขื˜ื”ืึธืŸ ืื•ืŸ ื”ืึธื˜ ืึทืœื™ื™ืŸ ื’ืขืขื ื˜ืคืขืจื˜ ืคืึทืจ ืžื™ืจ 1 --- ืž'ืื™ื– ืคื•ืŸ 
ืฆื•ืคื™ืขืœ ืืจื‘ื™ื™ื˜ืขืŸ, ืคื•ืŸ ืฆื•ืคื™ืขืœ ืงืขืจื ืขืŸ { ื’ืึทื ืฆืข ื˜ืขื’ ื–ื™ืฆื˜ ืื•ื”ืจ 
ืคืึทืจืฉืคึผืึทืจื˜ ืื™ืŸ ืฆื•ื•ื™ื™ืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืœืขืจืขื ื˜. ื’ืขื”ื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืืžืึธืœ ื“ื•ืจืš {... 

--- ื•ื•ืขืŸ ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ ืžึดื™ืจ ืฆื™ื™ื˜ ื’ืขื”ืŸ, ื˜ืŸ ืžื™ืจ ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ ืึทื–ืฑ ืคื™ืขืค 
ืึทืจื‘ืฒื˜ 4 --- ื”ืึธื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืึทืจื™ื™ื ื’ืขืžื™ืฉื˜ ืžื™ื™ืŸ ืชืœืžื™ื“ ืึทื–ืฑ ืชืžืขืฐืื˜ืข- 
ื ืึทืื™ื•ื•, ืึทื– ืขืก ื”ืึธื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืžื™ืจ ื’ืขื’ืœื•ืกื˜ ืื™ื”ื ืึทื ืฉืคึผื™ื™ืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืคึผื ื™ื 
ืื•ืŸ ืื•ื™ืกืฉืจื™ื™ืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ 8 ืงื•5: 


18 | ืฉืœื•ื"ืขืœื•ื›ื 


--- ื’ื•ื•ืึทืœื“, ื ืฐืึทืœื“, ืื™ื“ื™ืฉืข ืงื™ื ื“ืขืจ, ืฐืึธืก ืคืึทืจ ืœื™ื’ื ืขืจืก ืื™ื”ืจ 
ื–ืขื ื˜! ืึท ืคื™ื ื ืขืจ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื ืœื™ื’ื ืขืจ, ืื™ื™ืŸ ืœื™ื’ื ืขืจ ื’ืจืขืกืขืจ ืคื•ื 'ื ืื " 
ื“ืขืจืขืŸ !... | 

ืื™ืš ื”ืึธื‘ ื“ืึธืก ืึธื‘ืขืจ ื ื™ื˜ ื’ืขื–ืึธื’ื˜ ; ืึธื ืฉื˜ืึธื˜ ื“ืขื, ืฐืึธืก ืื™ืš 
ื–ืึธืœ ื–ืึธื’ืขืŸ ื“ืขื ืืžืช, ื”ืึธื‘ ืื™ืš ื‘ืขืกืขืจ ื ืขื–ืึธื’ื˜ ืึท ืœื™ื ืขืŸ : 

--- ืื™ืš ื”ืึธื‘ ืžื™ืš ืคืึทืจื‘ืขื ืงื˜ ืึทื—ื™ื.. 

--- ื ื™ืฉื˜ืฉื—, ืขืจ ืžืขื’ ื‘ืขื ืงืขืŸ ! --- ื”ืึธื˜ ืžื™ืจ ืžื™ื™ืŸ ืคึผืจื™ื ืฆื™ืคึผืึทืœ 
ืื•ื ื˜ืขืจื ืขื”ืืœืคืขืŸ ื“ืขื ืœื™ื’ืขืŸ ืžื™ื˜'ืŸ ื ืึทื ืฆืขืŸ ื›ื— ืคื•ึนืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืจื™ื™ื›ืขืจ 
ืžืื ื˜ืื–ื™ืข. --- ืขืจ ื”ืึธื˜ ื ืึธืš ื•ื•ืขืžืขืŸ ืฆื• ื‘ืขื ืงืขืŸ; ื–ื™ื™ืขืจ ืžืฉืคึผื—ื” 
ืื™ื– ื“ื™ ืขืจืฉื˜ืข, ื“ื™ ืื™ื™ื ืฆื™ื’ืข ืžืฉืคึผื—ื”, ื ื™ื˜ ื ืึธืจ ื‘ื™ื™ ื–ื™ื™ ืื™ืŸ ืฉื˜ืึธื“ื˜ -- 
ืžืข ืงืึทืŸ ื–ืึธื ืขืŸ, ืึทื– ืื™ืŸ ื ืึทื ืฆืขืŸ ืงืื ื˜ ื’ืขืคื™ื ื˜ ืžืขืŸ ื ื™ื˜ ืึทื•ืึท ืžืฉืคึผื—ื”. 
ื“ืขืจ ืงืึธื•ื•ื ืขืจ ืจื‘ ืื™ื–, ื“ืึทื›ื˜ ื–ื™ืš, ืึทื™ื™ืขืจืขืจ ืึตื™ื™ืŸ ืื™ื™ื’ืขื ืขืจ ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ? 

-- ืึท ืคืขื˜ืขืจ. -- ื–ืึธื  ืื™ืš ืื•ืžืคืขืจืฉืขืžื˜. 

--- ืื•ึนืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืคึผืึธืจืขืฆืขืจ ืžื’ื™ื“ ืื™ื–, ื“ืื›ื˜ ื–ื™ืš, ืื•ื™ืš ื’ืขืฐืขืŸ 
ืื™ื™ืขืจืขืจ ืึท ืคืขื˜ืขืจ ? 

--- ืึตื™ื™ืŸ ืขืœื˜ืขืจ-ืคืขื˜ืขืจ. --- ื–ืึธื  ืื™ืš. 

--- ืื•ืŸ ืขืคึผืฉื˜ื™ื™ืŸ, ื“ืขืจ ื’ืจื•ื™ืกืขืจ ืขืคึผืฉื˜ื™ื™ืŸ --- ืฐืึธืก ืงึผืขื”ืจ ื–ื™ืš 
ืžื™ื˜ ืึทื™ื™ืš ืึธืŸ ? 

--- ื ืฉื ื™ ืฉื‘ืฉืœื™ืฉื™. --- ื–ืึธื  ืื™ืš. 

--- ืื•ืŸ ืจื‘ ืžืฉื”'ืœืข ื”ืึทืœืคึผืขืจื™ืŸ ืื™ื–, ื“ืึทื›ื˜ ื–ื™ืš, ืื•ื™ืš ืึทื™ื™ืขืจืก 
ื ืคืจื™ื™ื ื“ืขืœ... 

--- ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืžืึทืžืข'ื ืฆื“. --- ื–ืึธื’ ืื™ืš. 

--- ื ื•, ืื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื˜ืึธืœื˜ืฉื™ื ืขืจ --- ื–ืึธื ื˜ ืขืจ -- ื“ื™ ื˜ืึธืœื˜ืฉื™ื ืขืจ 
ื’ื‘ื™ืจื™ื, ื”ืึธื‘ ืื™ืš ื’ืขื”ืขืจื˜, ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืฉื™ื™ืš ื’ืึธืจ ื ืึทื”ืขื ื˜ืข ืงืจื•ื‘ื™ื, 
ื“ืื›ื˜ ื–ื™ืš ? | 

=--- ืฉื•ื•ืขืกื˜ืขืจ-ืงื™ื ื“ืขืจ --- ื–ืื’ ืื™ืš --- ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืžืึทืžืข'ืก ืฆื“, 
ืื™ื™ื’ืขื ืข ืฉื•ื•ืขืกื˜ืขืจ-ืงื™ื ื“ืขืจ. 

ืื•ืŸ ืื™ืš ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืขื›ืกื˜ ืฆื•ืคืจื™ืขื“ืขืŸ, ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืึทื–ืฑ ืžื™ื˜ ืžื™ื™ื ืข ื ื™ื•- 
ื’ืขื‘ืึธืจืขื ืข ืงืจื•ื‘ื™ื, ื•ื™ ืžื™ื˜ ื“ืขื, ืฐืึธืก ืื™ืš ืงืึธืŸ ืžื™ืจ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืจื•ื”ื™ื’, 
ืฐืึธืก ืื™ืš ืงืึธืŸ ืžื™ืจ ื‘ืœื™ื™ื‘ืขืŸ ืึทืœื™ื™ืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ืžื™ื™ื ืข ื–ื™ืกืข ื—ืœื•ืžื•ืช, ืžื™ื˜ 


ืžื•ื™ืŸ ืขืจืฉื˜ืขืจ ืจืึทืžืึทืŸ 129 


ืžื™ื™ื ืข ื”ื™ื™ืœื™ื’ืข ื’ืขืคึผื™ื—ืœืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ ืœื™ืขื‘ืข, ื–ื™ืคืข, ื˜ื”ื™ื™ืขืจืข ืคืจื™ื• 
ืœืขืš ืคื•ืŸ ืžื™ื™ืŸ ืชืœืžื™ื“'ื˜ ื›ืœื–, ืฐืึธืก ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื‘ื™ื™ ืกื™ืจ ื˜ื”ื™ื™ืขืจืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ 
ืึทืœืข ืžื•ื•ื ืข ืื•ื™ืกื ืขื˜ืจืฉื›ื˜ืข ืื•ืŸ ืืกืžืช'ืข ืคืจื™ื ื“ืจ, ืคื•ืŸ ืึทืœืข ืคื™ื™ื ืข 
ื•ื•ื™ื™ื˜ืข ืื•ืŸ ื ืึทื”ืขื ื˜ืข ืงืจื•ื‘ื™ื˜. 


ืึธื˜ ืฐืึธืก ื–ื™ ืฉืจื™ื™ื‘ื˜ ืžื™ืจ ืื™ืŸ ืื•ื™ื ืขื ืคื•ืŸ ืื™ื”ืจืข ืฐื”ื™ื™ื˜ืขืจืข 
ื‘ืจื™ืขืฃ : 

ืžื™ื™ืŸ ืื™ื™ื ืฆื™ื’ืขืจ ื˜ืจื™ื™ืกื˜ ! ืคื™ื™ืŸ ืžืœืืš ืคื•ืŸ ื”ื™ืžืขืœ! 

ืฐืึธืก ื–ืึธืœ ื“ืึธื˜ ื‘ืขื“ื™ื™ื˜ืขืŸ, ื•ืืก ื“ื• ื‘ื™ื•ื˜ ืื–ื•ื™ ื˜ืจื•ื™ืขืจื™ื’ ? ืคืืจ 
ืฐื•ืึธืก ื–ืขื”ืขืŸ-ืื•ื™ืก ื“ื™ื™ื ืข ืœืขืฆื˜ืข ื‘ืจื™ืขืฃ ื˜ื–ื•ื™ ืžืขืœืื ื›ืืœื™ืฉ ? ืคืžืื™ 
ืจืขื“ืกื˜ ื“ื• ืคื•ื 'ื ื˜ื•ื™ื“ืฑื˜ ? ืฐืึธืก ื‘ืขื“ื™ื™ื˜ืขืŸ ื“ื™ื™ื ืข ืจืขื˜ื”ืขื ื™ืฉืขืŸ, ื•ืืก 
ื“ื• ืœืขื ืกื˜ ืžื™ืจ ืคืึธืจ 4 ืคึฟืึทืจ ื•ืืก ื–ืึทื ืกื˜ ื“ื• ืื•ื™ืฃ ื–ื™ืš, ืื– ื“ื• ื‘ื™ื•ื˜ 
ื“ืขืจ ืื•ืžื ืœื™ืงืœื™ื›ืกื˜ืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ืึทืœืข ืื•ืžื’ืœื™ืงืœื™ื›ืข? 7ืžืื™ ื–ืึธืœืกื˜ ื“ื• 
ืžื™ืจ ืึธื ื˜ื”ื•ืŸ ืึทื–ืฑ ืคื™ืข? ื™ืกื•ืจื™ื ? ืคึฟืึทืจ ืฐืึธืก ื–ืึธืœืกื˜ ื“ื• ืžื™ืจ ื ื™ื˜ 
ืึทื ื˜ืคืœืขืงืขืŸ ื™ืขื ืขื ื’ืจื•ื™ืกืขืŸ ืกื•ื“, ืฐืึธืก ื“ื• ื˜ืจืึทื ืกื˜ ื‘ืขื”ืืœื˜ืขืŸ? 
ืฐืึธืก ืคืืจ ืกื•ื“ื•ืช ืงืึธื ืขืŸ ื‘ื™ื™ ื“ื™ืจ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื˜ืืจ ื“ืขืจ, ืฐืึธืก ื”ืึธื ืื–ื•ืจ 
ืœื™ืขื‘ ื ืึธืจ ื“ื™ืš ืื•ืŸ ื•ื•ื™ื™ื˜ืขืจ ืงื™ื™ื ืขื ื ื™ื˜, ืื•ืŸ ืฐืึธืก ืกื•ืงื˜ ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ืึทืจืฑื˜, 
ืฆืขื—ืœื˜ ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ื˜ืขื’ ืคื•ืŸ ืื•ื ื–ืขืจ ื’ื™ื›ืขืŸ ื’ืœื™ืงืœื™ื›ืขืŸ ืžืขืจื‘ื™ื ื“ืขืŸ ื–ื™ืฃ 
ืื•ื™ืฃ ืื™ื™ื‘ื™ื’ |.. 

ื“ืขืจื•ื™ืฃ ืื™ื– ืฉื•ืขืงื’ืขื’ืื ื ืขืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื—ืชื 'ืก ืฆื“ ืื–ื ืžื™ืŸ ืชืฉื•ื›ื” : 


ืžื™ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ื™ืœื™ื ืข ื ืฉืžื—, ืžื™ื™ืŸ ืฉื•ื•ืืจืฆืืคืข? ืคื•ื 'ื ืื•ื™ื’! ืžื™ืŸ 
ื’ืึธื˜ื”ื™ื™ื˜ ! ืื™ืš ื‘ืขื˜ ื“ื™ืš, ื–ื™ื™ ืžื™ืจ ืžื•ื—? ืžื™ื™ื ืข 7?ืขืฆื˜ืข ื‘ืจื™ืขืฃ! 
ืคืขืจื’ืขืก, ืฐืึธืก ืื™ืš ื”ืึธื‘ ื“ื™ืจ ื’ืขืฉืจื™ื‘ืขืŸ ! ื“ื• ื‘ื™ื•ื˜ ื’ืขืจืขื›ื˜, ืžื™ื™ืŸ 
ื˜ื”ื™ื™ืขืจืข, ื“ื• ื‘ื™ื–ื˜ ื’ืขืจืขื›ื˜. ืื™ืš ื˜ืึธืจ ืžื™ืš ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื‘ืขืงืœืึธื ืขืŸ, ืื™ืš 
ื˜ืืจ ืžื™ืš ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืึธื ืจื•ืคึผืขืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ื“ืขื ื ืึธืžืขืŸ , ืื•ืžื’ืœื™ืงืœื™ื›ืขืจ", ืื•ืž" 
ื’ืœื™ืกืœื™ืš ืื™ื– ื“ืขืจ, ืฐืึธื˜ ื”ืึธื˜ ืงื™ื™ื ืžืึธืœ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืœื™ืขื‘ ื’ืขื”ืื˜, ืฐืึธื 
ืื™ืŸ ืงื™ื™ื ืžืึธืœ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ื’ืขืœื™ืขื‘ื˜ |... ืื™ืš ื–ืึธื’ ื“ื™ืจ ื ืืš ื ืžืึธืœ, 
ืึทื– ืคืึทืจ ืžื™ืจ ืื™ืŸ ื’ืขื ื•ื’ ื“ื™ื™ื ืข ื‘ืจื™ืขืฃ ืืœื™ื™ืŸ, ืคึฟืึทืจ ืžื™ืจ ืื™ืŸ ื’ืขื ืชื’, 
ืื™ืš ื–ืึธืœ ื“ืขืจืœืขื‘ืขืŸ ื ืึธืจ ืื™ื™ืŸ ืกื•ืง ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื™ืš -- ืื•ืŸ ืฉื˜ืืจื‘ืขืŸ.. 
ื ืึธืจ ื’ื™ื™ืŸ, ืื™ืš ื”ืึธื‘ ื–ื™ืš ื’ืขื’ืขื‘ืขืŸ ื“ืึธืก ืฐืึธืจื˜, ืื™ืš ื–ืึธืœ ืžืขื—ืจ ื ื™ื˜ 


140 ืฉืœื•ื-ืขืœื™ื›ื 


ืจืขื“ืขืŸ ืคื•ื 'ื ื˜ื•ื™ื“ื˜ ! ื“ื• ื•ื•ื™ืœืกื˜ ื•ื•ื™ืคืขืŸ ื™ืขื ืขื ื’ืจื•ื™ืคืขืŸ ื˜ื•ื“ ? ืื•ื™, 
ื ื™ื™ืŸ, ื“ื• ืฐื•ืขืกื˜ ืื™ื”ื ื ื™ื˜ ื•ื•ื™ืกืขืŸ ื‘ื™ื– ืขืก ืฐืขื˜ ืงื•ืžืขืŸ ื“ื™ ื’ืœื™ืงืœื™ื›ืข 
(ืึธื“ืขืจ ื“ื™ ืื•ืžื’ืœื™ืงืœื™ื›ืข) ืฉืขื” ืคื•ืŸ ื–ืขื”ืขืŸ ื–ื™ืš ืคืึทืจ ื“ืขืจ ื—ื•ืคึผื”; 
ื“ืขืžืึธืœื˜ ื•ื•ืขืกื˜ ื“ื• ื’ืขืฐืึธื”ืจืข ื•ื•ืขืจืขืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ืึทืœืกื“ื™ื ื’,.. ื“ืขืจื•ื•ื™ื™ืœ ื–ื™ื™ 
ืžื™ืจ ื’ืขื–ื•ื ื“, ืžื™ื™ืŸ ื˜ื”ื™ื™ืขืจืข, ืžื™ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ื™ืœื™ื ืข, ืื•ืŸ ืฉืจื™ื™ื‘ ืžื™ืจ, ืฉืจื™ื™ื‘ 
ืžื™ืจ, ืฉืจื™ื™ื‘ ืžื™ืจ ! 
ื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืื•ืžื ืœื™ืงืœื™ื›ืขืจ ื ืœื™ืงืœื™ื›ืขืจ, ืึธื“ืขืจ ื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื’ืœื™ืงืœื™ื›ืขืจ 
ืื•ืžื’ืœื™ืงืœื™ื›ืขืจ, ืฐืึธืก ืฐืึธืœื˜ ื ื‘ืขืœืŸ ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ, ื“ื™ ืฆื™ื™ื˜ ื–ืึธืœ ื–ื™ืš 
ืฆื™ื”ืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืฆื™ื”ืขืŸ,.. ืื™ื™ื‘ื™ื  ืื•ืŸ ืื™ื™ื‘ื™ื’... 


ื™ื 6 9 3 8 3 9 6 ืก 2 6 6 9 9 8 


ื“ืึธืก ื ื™ื™ืขื ื˜ืข ืงืืคึผื™ื˜ืขืœ 


{ื“ืึธื ื’ืจื™ื™ื˜ืขืŸ ื–ื™ืš ืฆื• ื“ืขืจ ื”ืชื•ื ื” ืื•ืŸ ืžื™ื™ื ืข ื ืึทืจื™ืฉืข ื—ืœื•ืžื•ืช}. 


ื“ืขืจ ืฐืึธืก ืื™ื– ืืžืึธืœ ืึทืœืฒื™ื™ืŸ ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ืคืขืจืœื™ืขื‘ื˜ ืฐืึธื˜ืฉ ืึท ื“ืจื™ื˜- 
ื—ืœืง ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขื ืฐืึธืก ืื™ืš --- ื“ืขืจ ืฐื•ืขื˜ ืคืขืจืฉื˜ืขื”ืŸ ืžื™ื™ืŸ ื”ืึทืจื™ืฅ, ื‘ืฉืขืช 
ื'ืื™ื– ื ืขืงื•ืžืขืŸ ื“ื™ ื’ืœื™ืงืœื™ื›ืข ืึธื“ืขืจ ื“ื™ ืื•ืžื’ืœื™ืงืœื™ื›ืข ืฆื™ื™ื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ืื•ื ื–ืขืจ 
ื’ืจื™ื™ืžืขืŸ ื–ื™ืš ืฆื• ื“ืขืจ ื—ืชื•ื ื— ; ืื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืฐืึธืก ื”ืึธื˜ ื’ืขืœื™ื™ืขื ื˜ ืžื™ื˜ 
ืงืึธืคึผ ื“ื™ ืคืจื™ื”ืขืจื™ื ืข ืงืึทืคึผื™ื˜ืœืขืš -- ื“ืขืจ ื•ื•ืขื˜ ืคืขืจืฉื˜ืขื”ืŸ ืžื™ื™ืŸ ื”ืืจืฅ, 
ื‘ืฉืขืช ืžืข ื”ืึธื˜ ืึธื ื’ืขืžืึธืกื˜ืขืŸ ืžื™ื™ืŸ ืชืœืžื™ื“ ื“ื™ ื—ืชื•ื ื”-ืžืœื‘ื•ืฉื™ื, 
ืฐืึธืก ืžืข ื”ืึธื˜ ืื™ื”ื ื’ืขื ื™ื™ื”ื˜ ื“ืจื™ื™ ืฐืึธื›ืขืŸ ื›ืกื“ืจ. ื—ื‘ื•ื˜:ื”ืงื‘ืจ ืื™ื– 
ื’ืึธืจ ื ื™ื˜ ืืงืขื ืขืŸ ืžื™ื™ื ืข ืฉืžืขืจืฆืขืŸ; ื“ืขืจ ื’ื™ื”ื ื -- ืื™ื• ื ื ืšืขื“ืŸ 
ืึทืงืขื’ืขืŸ ืžื™ื™ืŸ ื’ืจื•ื™ืกืขืŸ, ื ืจื•ื™ืกืขืŸ ืฐืขื”ื˜ืึธื’. 

ืื™ื”ืจ ืจืขื›ืขื ื˜ ืžืกืชืžื: ืกื ืื”, ืฉื ืื”? ื—ืœื™ืœื”! ืื™ืš ื”ืึธื‘ 
ื’ืขื•ื•ืื•ืกื˜ ื ืึทื ืฅ ื’ื•ื˜, ืึทื– ืœื™ืขื‘ ื”ืึธื˜ ืžืขืŸ ื ื™ื˜ ืžื™ื™ืŸ ืชืœืžื™ื“, ื ืึธืจ ืžื™ืš --- 
ืžื™ืš, ื“ืขื ืืžืช'ืขืŸ ืžื—ื‘ืจ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื‘ืจื™ืขืฃ. ืื™ืš ื”ืึธื‘ ื’ืขื•ื•ืื•ืกื˜ ื ืึทื ืฅ 
ื’ื•ื˜, ืึทื– ื‘ืฉืขืช ื–ืขื”ืขืŸ ื–ื™ืš. ืขืœ ืื™ืš ืื™ื”ืจ ื‘ืขื“ืืจืคืขืŸ ื ืึธืจ ืื ื˜- 
ืคึผืœืขืงืขืŸ ื“ืขื ืกื•ื“, ื™ืขื ืขื ื”ื™ื™ืœื™ื ืขืŸ ืกื•ื“, ื–ืึธื ืขืŸ ื ืึธืจ ืื™ื™ืŸ ืฐืึธืจื˜, ืฐื•ืขื˜ 


ื˜ึฟื™ื™ืŸ ืขืจืฉื˜ืขืจ ืจืึธืžืึทืŸ 143 


ื–ื™ ืžื™ืš ืคืขืจืฉื˜ืขื—), ืื•ืŸ ืขื ืฐืขื˜ ืึทืœืกื“ื™ื ื’ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืจืขื›ื˜. ื ืึธืจ ื•ื™ ืึทื–ื•ื™ 
ื˜ื”ื•ื˜ ืžืขืŸ ื“ืึธืก ืึดืžึผ ? ื•ื™ ืึทื–ืฑ ืžืึทื›ื˜ ืžืขืŸ, ืื– ืื™ืš ื–ืึธืœ ืงืึธื ืขืŸ ืžื™ื˜ 
ืื™ื”ืจ ืจืขื“ืขืŸ ืื•ื ื˜ืขืจ ืคื™ืขืจ ืื•ื™ื’ืขืŸ ืฐืึธื˜ืฉ ืขื˜ืœื™ื›ืข ืžื™ื ื•ื˜? ืื™ืš 
ื”ืึธื‘ ืžื™ืš ื’ืขื‘ืจืึธื›ืขืŸ ื“ืขืจื•ื™ื” ื“ืขื ืงืึธืคึผ, ื’ืขื‘ื•ื™ืขื˜ ื–ื™ืขื›ืขืฆืขื”ืŸ ืžืฑื™- 
ื–ืขื ื“ ืคึผืœืึทื ืขืŸ, ืื™ื™ื ืขืจ ืขืจื’ืขืจ ืคื•ื 'ื ืื ื“ืขืจืขืŸ, ืื•ืŸ ื–ื™ืขื‘ืขืฆื™ื’ ื˜ื•ื™ื–ืขื ืšืฃ 
ืคึฟืื ื˜ืื–ื™ืขืก, ืื™ื™ื ืข ื ื˜ืจื™ืฉืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืึทื ื“ืขืจืขืจ. ืื™ืš ื‘ื™ืŸ ื–ื™ืš ืžื•ื“ื” 
ื•ืžืชื•ื“ื”, ืึทืŸ ืขืก ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืžื™ืจ ื’ืขืงืจืึทื›ืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืงืึธืคึผ ืึทื–ืขืœื›ืข ืžื™ืื•ืกืข 
ืžื—ืฉื‘ื•ืช, ืฐืึธืก ืื™ืš ืฉืขื ื–ื™ืš ื–ื™ื™ ืื™ื‘ืขืจื’ืขื‘ืขืŸ ืื•ึนื™ืฃ ืคึผืึทืคื™ืขืจ, ื”ืึธื˜ืฉ 
ืก'ืื™ื– ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ืืฐืขืงื’ืขื’ืึทื ื’ืขืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขืžืึธืœื˜-ืึธืŸ ื ื—ื™ื‘ืฉืข ืฉื˜ื™ืง ืฆื™ื™ื˜. 
ืžื™ื™ื’ื˜ ื ื™ืฉื˜, ื—ืœื™ืœื—, ืึทืŸ ืื™ืฃ ื”ืึธื‘ ื’ืขืฐืึธืœื˜ ืื•ืžื‘ืจืขื ื’ืขืŸ ืžื™ื™ืŸ ืงืึธื - 
ืงื•ืจืขื ื˜, ืกืž'ืขืŸ ื“ืขื ืชืœืžื•ืฃ ืžื™ื™ื ืขื! ืœืึธืŸ ื’ืึธื˜ ืึธืคึผื”ื™ื˜ืขืŸ ืึทืœืข 
ืื™ื“ื™ืฉืข ืงื™ื ื“ืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ืึทื–ืขืœื›ืข ืžื™ืื•ืกืข ืžื—ืฉื‘ื•ืช ! ืื™ืš ื”ืึธื‘ ื ืึธืจ 
ื’ืขื‘ืขื˜ืขืŸ ื’ืึธื˜, ืขืจ ื–ืึธืœ ืึทื–ื•ื™ ืขืคึผื™ืก ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ืึท ื ืก, ืึทื– ืžื™ื™ืŸ ืชืœืžื™ืจ ื–ืึธืœ 
ืคื•ืŸ ื–ื™ืš ืืœื™ื™ืŸ ื•ื•ืขืจืขืŸ ืงืจืึทื ืง, ื–ื™ืš ืึทื•ืขืงืœืขื ืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืึธืคึผื˜ืจืึทื ืขืŸ ื–ื™ืฃ 
ืื•ื™ืฃ ื™ืขื ืขืจ ื•ื•ืขืœื˜, ืึธืคึผืจืฒื™ื ื™ื ืขืŸ ืžื™ืจ ื“ืขื ืึธืจื˜... 

ืื™ืš ื‘ื™ืŸ ื–ื™ืš ืžื•ื“ื” ื•ืžืชื•ื“ื”, ืึทื– ืื™ืš ื”ืึธื‘ ื’ืขื˜ืจืึทื›ื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขื 
ื˜ืึธื’ ืžื™ื˜ ื ืึทื›ื˜, ืึทืจืฑืกื’ืขืงื•ืงื˜, ืึทื– ืžื™ื™ืŸ ืชืœืžื™ื“ ื–ืึธืœ ื—ืึทืคืขืŸ ืขืจื ื™ืฅ 
ืึท ืคืขืจืงื™ื”ืœื•ื ื’, ื–ื™ืš ื“ืขืจืฉื•ื•ื™ืฆืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ ื—ืึทืคึผืขืŸ ืึท ื•ื•ื™ื ื˜ืข?, ืึธื ื”ื•ึนื™ื‘ืขืŸ 
ื”ื•ืกื˜ืขืŸ, ืึธื“ืขืจ ืœื•ื’ืขืŸ ืื•ื” ื ื”ื™ืฆื™ื’ืขืจ ืฉืœืึทืคืงืฒื˜, ืึธื“ืขืจ ืื•ื™ืกื ืœื•= 
ืกืฉืขืŸ ื–ื™ืš ืื•ื™ื'ืŸ ื’ืœื™ื™ื›ืขืŸ ื•ื•ืขื’, ื–ื™ืš ื‘ืจืขื›ืขืŸ ื”ืืœื–-ืื•ืŸื ืึทืงืขืŸ, ืึธื“ืขืฃ 
ืื•ืžื ืขื”ืจืขืŸ ื—ืึทืคืขืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ืขืžื™ืฆืขืŸ 8 ืฉื˜ื™ื™ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืงืึธืคึผ ืืจื™ื™ืŸ, ืึธื“ืขืจ ื 
ืžืฉื•ื ืข'ื ืขืจ ื”ื•ื ื“ ื–ืึธืœ ืื™ื”ื ื‘ืขืคืึทืœืขืŸ, ืื•ืŸ ืขืจ ื–ืึธืœ ืืจืึธืค ืคื•ื 'ื˜ ื–ื™ื ืขืŸ, 
ืึธื“ืขืจ ืึท ืฉื˜ื•ืจืขืžื•ื•ื™ื ื“ ื–ืึธืœ ืื•ื™ืกืจื™ื™ืกืขืŸ ื ืฆึทึผื™ื ืžื™ื˜'ืŸ ืฐืึทืจืฆืข? ืื•ืŸ 
ืื•ืžืฐืึทืœื’ืขืจืขืŸ ื’ืœื™ื™ืš ืื•ื” ืื™ื”ื, ืึธื“ืขืจ ืึตื™ื™ืŸ ืื ื“ืขืจ ื ืก ื–ืึธืœ ื’ืข= 
ืฉืขื”ืขืŸ, -- ืึทื‘ื™ ืขืจ ื–ืึธืœ ืžื™ืจ ืึธืคึผืจื™ื™ื ื™ื’ืขืŸ ื“ืขื ืคึผืœืึทืฅ. 

ืื•ืŸ ื‘ืฉืขืช ืžืขืฉื” ืฐืึธื˜ ืžื™ืจ ื’ืขืงืœืขื”ืžื˜ ื“ืึธืก ื”ืึทืจืฅ, ื•ื•ืขื” ื’ืข- 
ื˜ื”ืึธืŸ ืื•ื™ื” ืื™ื”ื. ื ืขื‘ืืš ื˜ึตื™ื™ืŸ ืื•ืžืฉื•ืœื“ื™ื’ืขืจ ื ืคืฉ --- ืคืึทืจ ืฐืึธืก 
ืงื•ืžื˜ ื“ืึธืก ืื™ื”ื ? ืคืึทืจ ืฐืึธืก ื–ืึธืค ืขืจ ื’ืขื”ืŸ ืึทื–ืฑ ื™ื•ื ื’ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขืฃ 
ื•ื•ืขืœื˜ ? ืื•ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื”ืืจืฆืขืŸ ื”ืึธื‘ ืื™ืš ืื™ื—ื”ื ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ื‘ืขื•ื•ื™ื™ื ื˜, ื‘ืืžืช 
ื›ืขื•ื•ื™ื™ื ื˜, ืึธื ื’ืขืฉืจื™ื‘ืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืื™ื”ื ืึท ืงืœืึธื -ื‘ืจื™ืขืฃ ืฆื• ืžื™ื™ืŸ ื’ืขืœื™ืขืฃ- 


142 ืฉืœื•ื"ืขืœื™ื•ื‘ื 


ื˜ืขืจ ืื•ืŸ ืฆื• ืžื™ื™ืŸ ื˜ื”ื™ื™ืขืจืขืจ, ืืฑืกื’ืขืœืึธื–ื˜ ืžื™ื˜ ื–ืขื”ืจ ื ื˜ืจื™ื™ืขืจื™ื’ 
ืœื™ืขื“. ืื™ื 'ื ื™ืขื“ ื‘ืขื•ื•ื™ื™ืŸ ืื™ืš ืื•ืŸ ื‘ืขืงืœืึธื’ ื’ืึทื ืฅ ืขืจื ืกื˜ ืžื™ื™ืŸ 
ื™ื•ื ื’ืขืŸ ืชืœืžื™ื“, ื•ืืก ืื™ื– ืึทืฐื•ืขืง ื ืขื‘ืืš ืคืืจ ื“ืขืจ ืฆื™ื™ื˜; ื“ื™ ื•ื•ืขืœื˜ 
ื”ืึธื‘ ืื™ืš ื ืขื’ืœื™ื›ืขืŸ ืฆื• ื ื‘ื™ืช-ืขื•ืœื ืื•ืŸ ืื™ื”ื ืฆื• ืึท ื™ื•ื ื’ืขืŸ ื‘ื•ื™ื. 
ืื•ื™ื'ืŸ ื‘ึผื•ื™ื -- 


ืฉื˜ืขื”ื˜ ืื•ืŸ ืงืœืึธื’ื˜, ืื•ื™ ื•ื•ืขื”, 
ื“ืขืจ ื‘ื™ืช-ืขื•ืœื-ืกืึธืœืึธืฐื™ื™, 
ืื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืฉื˜ืขืจืขืŸ ื’ื™ืกืขืŸ ื˜ืจืขืจืขืŸ... 


ืฐืึธืก ื•ื•ื™ื™ื˜ืขืจ ืฉื˜ืขื”ื˜ --- ื’ืขื“ืขื ืง ืื™ืš ื ื™ื˜. 


ืื•ืŸ ื•ื•ืขื“ืขืจ ื—ืœื•ืž'ื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืžื™ืจ ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืคืึทื ื˜ืึทื–ื™ืข, ืึทื– ืก'ืื™ื• 
ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ืื•ื•ืขืงื’ืขื’ืื ื’ืขืŸ ืึท ื™ืึธื”ืจ ื ืึธืš ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื˜ื•ื™ื“ื˜, ืื•ืŸ ืžื™ืจ ื‘ื™ื™ื“ืข, ืื™ืš 
ืื•ืŸ ืžื™ื™ืŸ ื’ืขืœื™ืขื‘ื˜ืข, ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื’ืขืงื•ืžืขืŸ ืฆื• ืื™ื”ื ืื•ื™ืฃ ,ืงื‘ืจื™ืื‘ื•ืช" 
ื ื‘ื™ืกืข? ื–ื™ืš ืื•ื™ืกื•ื•ื™ื™ื ืขืŸ, ืื™ื”ื ื’ืขื‘ืจืึทื›ื˜ ืึท ืžืชื ื” ืคืจื™ืฉืข ืฉืžืขืงืขื’- 
ื“ื™ื’ืข ื‘ืœื•ืžืขืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ื ืœื™ืขื“, ืฐืึธื˜ ืœืึธื–ื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืื•ื™ืก ืึทื–ื•ืฑ : 


ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืงื‘ืจ ื“ื™ ื‘ืœื•ืžืขืŸ ื–ืึธืœืขืŸ ื‘ืœื™ื”ืขืŸ, 
ืื™ืŸ ื ืŸื“ืขื“ืŸ ื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื ืฉืžื— ื–ืึธืœ ืจื•ื”ืขืŸ !+. 


ืึทื– ื‘ืœื•ืžืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื ืงื‘ืจ ื–ืึธืœืขืŸ ื‘ืœื™ื”ืขืŸ --- ื“ืึธื˜ ืื™ื– ืขืคึผื™ืก ื ื™ื˜ 
ืึทื–ืฑื™ ืžืขื ืœื™ืš ; ื ืึธืจ ืื– ืžื™ื™ืŸ ืชืœืžื™ื“ ื”ืึธื˜ ื’ืขื‘ืœื™ื”ื˜, ื’ืขื‘ืœื™ื”ื˜, ืฐื™ 
ืึท ืจื•ื™ื– -- ื“ืึธืก ืื™ื– ื’ืขื•ื•ื™ืก. ืขืจ ืื™ื– ื’ืขืฐืึธืจืขืŸ ืฐืึธืก ืึท ื˜ืึธื’ ื’ืขื™ 
ื–ื™ื ื˜ืขืจ, ื“ืึธืก ืคึผื ื™ื ืœื™ื›ื˜ื™ื ืขืจ, ื“ืึธืก ืงืœืึธืจ-ื•ื•ื™ื™ืกืข ืœื™ื™ื‘ ืคืขืจื•ื•ืื›ืกืขืŸ 
ืžื™ื˜ ืฉืžืึทืœืฅ, ืื•ืŸ ืื™ื– ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ืฆื•ืคืจื™ืขื“ืขืŸ, ืคืจื™ื™ืœื™ืš, ืœืขื‘ืขื“ื™ื’ ืื•ืŸ 
ื’ืœื™ืงืœื™ืš --- ื’ืœื™ืงืœื™ืš ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ืœื™ืขื‘ืข, ื ืึธืจ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขื, ืฐืึธืก ืขืจ 
ืคืึทื”ืจื˜-ืืจื™ื‘ืขืจ ืื™ืŸ ื ื ื™ื™ ืึธืจื˜, ืื™ืŸ ืึท ื’ืจื•ื™ืกืขืจ ืฉื˜ืึธื“ื˜, ืฆื•ื•ื™ืฉืขืŸ 
ื ื™ื™ืข ืžืขื ืฉืขืŸ, ืื•ืŸ ืฐืขื˜ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืึถื ืงื•ึผืงืขืŸ ืžืขื”ืจ ื–ื™ื™ื ืข ืื™ื™ื’ืขื ืข, ืฐืึธืก 
ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ ื–ื™ืš ืื™ื”ื ืฆื•ื ืขื’ืขืคืขืŸ, ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ื ืžืืก ื•ื™ ื“ืขืจ ื˜ื•ื™ื“ื˜. 


ืžื•ื•ืŸ ืขืจืฉืžืขืจ ืจืึธืžืึทืŸ 143 


ืึทื–ืฑ ื”ืึธื˜ ืขืจ ื–ื™ืš ืกื™ืจ ืึทืœื™ื™ืŸ ืžื•ื“ื” ื’ืขื•ืขืŸ ื ื™ื˜ ืื™ื™ืŸ ืžืึธืœ, 
ื—ืึธื˜ืฉ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืื•ื™ื’ืขืŸ ื”ืึธื˜ ืขืจ ื–ื™ื™ ื ืึธื‘ื ืขื ืขื‘ืขืŸ, ืึทื– ืขืจ ื•ื•ืขื˜ ืฉื˜ืืจืง- 
ืฉื˜ืึทืจืง ื‘ืขื ืงืขืŸ ื ืึธืš ื–ื™ื™, ืึทื– ืขืจ ื•ื•ื™ื™ืกื˜ ื ืึธืจ ื ื™ื˜, ื•ื™ ืื–ื•ื™ ืขืจ ืฐื•ืขื˜ 
ื“ืึธืก ื’ืึธืจ ืื™ื‘ืขืจื˜ืจืึธื’ืขืŸ ืืคื™ืœืŸ. | 

--- ืึธื‘ืขืจ ื ืึธืš ืžื™ืจ ืฐืขื˜ื˜ ื“ื• ื‘ืขื ืงืขืŸ ? -- ืฐืึธื‘ ืื™ืš ื ืคืจืขื’ 
ื’ืขื˜ื”ืึธืŸ ืžื™ื™ืŸ ืชืœืžื™ื“, 

--- ื’ืขื•ื•ื™ืก 1 ื’ืขื•ื•ื™ืก ! --- ื”ืึธื˜ ืขืจ ืžื™ืจ ื’ืขืขื ื˜ืคืขืจื˜ ืื•ืŸ ื”ืึธื˜ 
ืžื™ืš ืึทืจื•ืžื ืขื ื•ืžืขืŸ ื ืึธืจ ืคืจื™ื™ื ื“ืœื™ืš, --- ื“ื™ืš ืขืœ ืื™ืš ื ืขืžืขืŸ ืžื™ื˜ 
ื–ื™ืš ! ืžื™ืจ ื•ื•ืขืœืขืŸ ื“ืึธืจื˜ืขืŸ ืœืขื‘ืขืŸ ืึท ื’ื•ื˜ืขืŸ ื˜ืึธื’ ืกื™ืจ ื•ื•ืขืœืขืŸ ืฉืคึผื™ืข- 
ืคืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ , ื“ืึธืžืงืขืก", ื ืขื”ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื˜ื”ืขืึทืžืขืจ, ืื™ืš ืฐืข? ื“ื™ืš ื’ื™ื˜ ืึดืžึผื™ 
ืœืึธื–ืขืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื–ื™ืš ืงื™ื™ื ืžืึธืœ, ืงื™ื™ื ืžืึธืœ ื ื™ื˜ ! 

ืื™ืš ื”ืึธื‘ ื’ืขื•ื•ืื•ืกื˜, ืื– ืก'ืื™ื– ื ื’ืจื•ื™ืกืขืจ ืœื™ื’ืขืŸ. 

ื’ืขื‘ืืจืขืŸ, ืื•ื™ืคื ืขืฐื•ืื›ื˜ืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืื•ื™ืคื’ืขืฆื•ื™ื ืขืŸ ื’ืขืฐืึธืจืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ 
ืฉื•ื ื•ืฉืงืจ, ื”ืึธื˜ ืขืจ ื“ื ืื•ื™ืš ื’ืขื–ืื’ื˜ ื ืœื™ื ืขืŸ. 


= 


ื“ืื˜ืก ืฆืขื”ื ื˜ืข 7ืงื˜ืคึผื™ื˜ืขืค 


{ื‘ืจื•ื“ ื”ื‘ื -- ื’ืขืกื˜}. 


ืื™ืš ืขืœ ืงื™ื™ื ืžืึธืœ ื ื™ื˜ ืคืขืจื ืขืกืขืŸ ื“ืึธืก ืื•ื™ืคื ืขืžืขืŸ ืžื™ื˜'ืŸ ื›ื‘ื•ืจ, 
ืฐืึธืก ืžืข ื”ืึธื˜ ืื•ื ืŸ ืืคึผื’ืขื’ืขื‘ืขืŸ, ืื– ืžื™ืจ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื ืขืงื•ืžืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ืขืจ 
ื—ืชื•ื ื”. ืงื•ื“ื 72 ื”ืึธื˜ ืžืขืŸ ืื•ื ื– ืื“ื•ื™ืกื’ืขืฉื™ืกื˜ ื˜ ื’ืจื•ื™ืกื˜ืจื˜ื™ื ืข 
ืงืืจืขื˜ืข ืฆื•ื ื•ื•ืืงื–ื? ืื•ืŸ ืžืข ื”ืึธื˜ ืื•ื ื– ืคืขืจืคื™ื”ืจื ืื™ืŸ ื–ืขื”ืจ 8 
ืฉืขื ืขืจ ืฉืžื•ื‘, ืึธืคึผื ืขื’ืขื‘ืขืŸ ืื™ื˜ืœื™ื›ืขืŸ ื‘ืขื–ื•ื ื“ืขืจ ืื™ื™ืŸ ืื ื“ืขืจ ื—ื“ืจ ืื•ืŸ 
ืžื›ื‘ื“ ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ืกื™ื˜ ื“ืขืจ ื’ื•ื˜ืขืจ ืงืื•ื•ืข ืกื™ื ืคื•ื˜ืขืจื ืขื‘ืขืกื˜, ืื•ืŸ ื ืึฒืž- 
ื“ืขื ืžื™ื˜'ืŸ ืฉืขื ืขื ืึธื ื‘ื™ื™ืกืขืŸ, ืคืจื™ืฉืข ืคื–ื•ื ืงื•ื›ืขื ืก ืžื™ื˜ ื’ืขื‘ืจืึทื˜ืขื ืข 
ืงืึทื˜ืฉืงืขืก, ืื•ืŸ ืžืขื ืฉืขืŸ --- ืžืขื ืฉืขืŸ ื•ื™ ื˜ื™ืกื˜ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื’ืขืกื•ืžืขืŸ ืื•ื ื– 
ืžืงื‘? ืคึผื ื™ื ื–ื™ื™ืŸ, ืึธืคึผื ืขื‘ืขืŸ ืฉืœื•ื, ืืœืข ืžืึธืœ ื ื™ื™ืข ืคืืจืฉื•ื™ื ืขืŸ. 

ื‘ื™ื™ ืžื™ืจ ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ ื“ืึท ืึทืœืข ืžืขื ืฉืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืกื ืขื–ืขื”ืขืŸ ื•ื™ ืžื•ืจืืฉืงืขืก, 
ื’ืขืฉืขืžืขืจื™ืจื˜ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืื•ื™ื ืขืŸ, ื’ืขื–ืฉื•ืžืขื˜ ื•ื™ ื“ื™ ืคืœื™ืขื ืขืŸ. ืื™ืš ืคื™ืŸ 


144 , ืฉืœื•ื-ืขืœื•ื›ื 


ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ืคืขืจื ื•ืžืขืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ืžื™ื™ื ืข ืื™ื™ื ืขื ืข ืžื—ืฉื‘ื•ืช, ืžื™ื˜ ืžื™ื™ื ืข ื–ืขื”ืจ 
ื ื™ื˜ ืคื“ื™ื™ืœื™ื›ืข ื’ืขื“ืึทื ืกืขืŸ: ,ืฐื™ ืึทื–ื•ื™ ืžืึทื›ื˜ ืžืขืŸ ื“ืึธ, ืื™ืš ื–ืึธืœ ื–ื™ืš 
ืงืึธื ืขืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ืื™ื”ืจ ื–ืขื”ืขืŸ ? ืžื™ ื™ื•ื“ืข, ืฆื™ ืขืก ืฐืขื˜ ืžื™ืจ ื ืขืจืึธื˜ืขืŸ? 
ืื•ืŸ ืฐืึธืก ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ, ืึทื– ื–ื™ ื•ื•ืขื ื’ืขื•ื•ืื”ืจ ื•ื•ืขืจืขืŸ ืคื•ื 'ื ื”ื™ื™ืœื™ื ืขืŸ 
ืกื•ื“ ? ืื•ึนืŸ ื˜ืึธืžืขืจ ื—ืœื™ืœื” ื•ืก" ืื™ืš ื”ืึธื‘ ื ืึธืจ ืกื•ืจื ื–ืึธื ืขืŸ 
ืฐืึธืก... ื ืฉืจืขืง! ืึท ืฉืจืขืก|.. | 

ืื™ืŸ ืงืขืฉืขื ืข ืื™ื– ื‘ื™ื™ ืกื™ืจ ื ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ, ื ืึธืš ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ื”ื™ื™ื ืึทืจืฑื™ื- 
ืคืึธื”ืจืขื ื“ื™ื’, ืฆื•ื’ืขื’ืจื™ื™ื˜,.. ืฉืจืขืงื˜ ื–ื™ืš ื ื™ืฉื˜ --- ื ื™ื˜ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืคึผื™ืกื˜ืึธืœื™ืขื˜, 
ื—ืœื™ืœื”, ื ืึธืจ ืึท ื‘ืจื™ืขืฃ ืฆื• ,ืื™ื”ืจ", ืึท ื‘ืจื™ืขืฃ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ืจื™ื™ ื‘ื•ื™ื ืขืŸ ืคืึท" 
ืคึผื™ืขืจ, ื‘ืขืฉืจื™ื‘ืขืŸ ืžื™ื™ืŸ ืจืึธืžืึทืŸ, ืฐื™ ืึทื–ืฑ ืขืจ ื”ืึธื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืึธื ื’ืขื”ื•ึนื™ื‘ืขืŸ, 
ืื•ืŸ ืžื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ืึธื ืจืึทืคื™ืข ืื™ืŸ ืงื•ืจืฆืขืŸ. ื ืึธืจ ื•ื™ ืื–ื•ื™ ื’ื™ื˜ ืžืขืŸ ืื™ื”ืจืฃ 
ืื™ื‘ืขืจ ื“ืขื ื‘ืจื™ืขืฃ ? ื“ื•ืจืš ื•ื•ืขืžืขืŸ ? ืื•ืŸ ื•ื•ืขืŸ ืฐืขื˜ ื–ื™ ืฆื™ื™ื˜ ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ 
ืื™ื”ื ืื™ื‘ืขืจืœื™ื™ืขื ืขืŸ ? 

ืื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืžื—ื•ืชื ื™ื ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ ืžื—ื•ืชื ืช'ื˜ืขืก ืคื•ืŸ ื›ืœื”'ืก ืฆื“ ืคื•ื™ืคืขืŸ 
ืึธืจื•ื ื”ื™ืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืฆื•ืจื™ืง, ืฐื•ื™ ื“ื™ ืคืขืจ'ืกืž'ื˜ืข ืžื™ื™ื–, ื˜ืจื™ื™ื‘ืขืŸ ื“ื™ ืกืึทืจ- 
ื•ื•ืขืจืก, ื–ื™ื™ ื–ืึธืœืขืŸ ื–ื™ืš ื ืจื™ื™ื˜ืขืŸ ืฆื• ื“ืขืจ ื—ื•ืคื”-ื•ื•ืขื˜ืฉืขืจืข, ืื•ืŸ ื˜ืจื™ื™- 
ื‘ืขืŸ ื“ื™ ืฉืžืฉื™ื, ื–ื™ื™ ื–ืึธืœืขืŸ ื‘ืจืขื ื ืขืŸ ื“ื™ ื›ืœื™-ื–ืžืจ ืžื™ื˜'ืŸ ืจื‘, ืžืข ื–ืึธืœ 
ืฉื˜ืขืœืขืŸ ื“ื™ ื—ื•ืคึผื” ืฐืึธืก ืคืจื™ื”ืขืจ, ืฐืึธืจื•ื ื—ืชื–-ื›ืœื” ืคืืกื˜ืขืŸ. 

ืึทื– ื“ืขืจ ื—ืชืŸ ื”ืึธื˜ ื ื™ื˜ ื’ืขืคืืกื˜ --- ื‘ื™ืŸ ืื™ืš ืึทื™ื™ืŸ ืขื“ื•ืช ; ืขืจ 
ื”ืึธื˜ ื‘ื™ื™ ืžื™ืจ ืื™ืŸ ื—"ืจ ื–ืขื”ืจ ืคื™ื™ืŸ ืื™ื‘ืขืจื ืขื‘ื™ืกืขืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ื ื”ืืœื‘ืขืจ 
ืงืึทื˜ืฉืงืข, ืื•ืŸ ื’ืขื–ืึทื ื˜ ื”ืึธื˜ ืขืจ, ืึทื– ืขืจ ืคืึทืกื˜, ื‘ืจื™ื”"ืฉ ืึธื ื ืขืฆื•ื™ื ืขืŸ 
ืื•ื™ืฃ ื–ื™ืš ืึท ืคึผื ื™ื ืคื•ืŸ ืึท ื—ืชืŸ, ืฐืึธืก ืคืึทืกื˜ ืื•ืŸ ืฐืึธืก ื“ืขืจ ืงืึธืคึผ ืื™ืŸ 
ืื™ื”ื ืคืขืจื˜ื™ืขืคื˜ ืื™ืŸ ื–ืขื”ืจ ืขืจื ืกื˜ืข ืžื—ืฉื‘ื•ืช. 

ื’ืขื‘ืึธืจืขืŸ, ืื•ื™ืคื ืขื•ื•ืื›ืกืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืื•ื™ืคื’ืขืฆื•ื™ื ืขืŸ ื ืขืฐืึธืจืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ 
ืฉื•ื. ื•ืฉืงืจ, ื”ืึธื˜ ืขืจ ื“ืขื ื˜ืึธื’ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ื—ื•ืคึผื” ืื•ื™ืš ื’ืขื–ืึทื ื˜ ื ืœื™ื ืขืŸ. 

ืื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจื•ื•ื™ื™ืœ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืึธื ื’ืขืงื•ืžืขืŸ ื“ื™ ื›ืœื™-ื–ืžืจ ืื•ืŸ ืžืข ื”ืึธื˜ ื–ื™ืš 
ืึธื ื ืขื”ื•ื™ื‘ืขืŸ ื ืจื™ื™ื˜ืขืŸ ืฆื•ื ื‘ืขื“ืขืงืขื ืก. ืก'ืื™ื– ื’ืขืฐืึธืจืขืŸ ื ืึธืš ื ื’ืจืข- 
ืกืขื“ืขืจ ื˜ื•ืžืขืœ, ื•ื™ ืคืจื™ื”ืขืจ ; ืึทืœืข ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ ื ืขืจืขื“ื, ืืœืข ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ ื–ื™ืš 
ื’ืขื”ืึทืคึผื˜, ืึทืœืข ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ ื–ึดื™ืšึฐ ื’ื ืขืžืึทื›ื˜ ื’ืœื™ื™ืš ืฐื™ ืžืข ื˜ื”ื•ื˜ ืขืคึผื™ืก -- 
,ื’ื™ื›ืขืจ, ื’ื™ื›ืขืจ ! ืœืึธื– ืžืขืŸ ื’ืขื”ืŸ! ืงื•ืžื˜ืงื•ืžื˜!".. 


ืžื™ื™ืŸ ืขืจืฉื˜ืขืจ ืจืึธื˜ื˜ 145 
ืฉ 5 


ืื•ืŸ ืžืข ื”ืึธื˜ ืื•ื ืŸ ื’ืขื ื•ืžืขืŸ --- ื•ื•ืขืจ ื•ื•ื™ื™ื ืื™ืš ื ื™ื { ืื•ืŸ ืžืข 
ื”ืึธื˜ ืื•ื ื– ื’ืขืคื•ื—ืจื˜ ืื•ื ื˜ืขืจ ื“ื™ ื”ืขื ื“ --- ื•ื•ืื•ื”ื™ืŸ ื•ื•ื™ื™ืก ืื™ืš ื ื™ื˜ ; 
ืื•ืŸ ืžืข ื”ืึธื˜ ืฆื• ืื•ื ื– ืขืžึผื™ื ื’ืขืจืขื“ื˜, ืขืคึผื™ืก ื’ืขื–ืึธื’ื˜ --- ืฐืึธืก ื•ื•ื™ื™ื˜ 
ืื™ืš ื ึดึผื™ื˜. โ€ ืžื™ืš ื”ืึธื˜ ื–ื™ืš ื’ืขื“ืจืขื”ื˜ ื“ืขืจ ืงืึธืคึผ, ื’ืขืฉืขืžืขืจื™ืจื˜ ืื™ืŸ 
ื“ื™ ืื•ื™ื’ืขืŸ, ื’ืขื•ืฉื•ืžืขื ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืื•ื™ื”ืขืจืขืŸ, ืื•ืŸ ื“ืึธืก ื”ืืจืฅ, ื“ืึธื˜ 
ื”ื˜ืจืฅ -- ื˜ื™ืงื™ื˜ื˜ืง! ื˜ื™ื˜-ื˜ืืง! 

ื“ื™ ื›ืœื™ื“ื–ืžืจ ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ ื’ืขืฉืžื™ืขืœื˜. ืขืก ื”ืึธื˜ ื’ืขื•ื•ื™ื™ื ื˜ ื ืคื™ืขืจืขืœ, 
ืขืก ื”ืึธื˜ ื’ืขื˜ืขืจืขืœื™ื™ืงืขื˜ 8 ื˜ืจืืžื™ื™ื˜, ืขืก ื”ืึธื˜ ื’ืขืคื™ื™ืคื˜ ืึท ืคืœื™ื™ื˜, 
ืขื˜ ื”ืึธื ื’ืขื‘ืึทืจืึทื‘ืื ืขื ื“ื™ ืงืขืžืขืค-ืžื•ื™ืง --- ื‘ืืž-ื›ืืžื™ื’ืื ! ืื•ืŸ 
ื“ืึธืก ื”ื˜ืจืฅ, ื“ืึธืก ื”ืฉืจืฅ -- ื˜ื™ืง-ื˜ืืง! ื˜ื™ืงื™ื˜ืึทืง!. 


ื“ืึธืก ืœืขืฆื˜ืข ืงืืคึผื™ื˜ืขืœ 


{ื“ืขืจ ืขืคึผื™ืœืึธื’" ืคื•ื 'ื ืจืึธืžืึทืŸ}. 


ืฆื•ื•ื™ืฉืขืŸ ืืœืข ืคึผืืจืฉื•ื™ื ืขืŸ, ืฐืึธืก ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ ื–ื™ืš ื˜ืจื•ืžื’ืขื“ืจืขื”ื˜ ืื•ืŸ 
ื’ืขืฉืขืžืขืจื™ืจื˜ ืคื˜ืจ ืžื™ื™ื ืข ืื•ื™ื’ืขืŸ, ื”ืึธื‘ ืื™ืš ื‘ืขืžืขืจืงื˜ ืื™ื™ื ืขื, ืฐืึธื˜ 
ื”ืึธื ื–ื™ืš ืึทืจื•ืžื ืขื“ืจืขื”ื˜ ื’ืœื™ื™ืš ืžื™ื ืžื™ืจ, ื•ื™ ื ื•ื•ื™ืœื“-ืคืจืขืกืžื“ืขืจ. 
ื“ืึธื ืื™ืŸ ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ 8 ื™ื•ื ื’ืขืจืกื˜ืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ื‘ืจื™ืœืขืŸ ืฉื•ืŸ ืžื™ื ืคืึทื ื ืข ื”ืึธืจ, 
ืฐืึธืก ื”ืึธื ื’ืขื”ืื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื–ื™ืš ื’ืืจ ืื™ื™ืŸ ืืจื‘ื™ื™ื˜ ; ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืืจื‘ื™ื™ื˜ ืื™ืŸ 
ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ --- ืื•ื™ืฃ ืึทืœืกื“ื™ื ื’ ืงื•ืงืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืืœื˜ื“ื™ื ื’ ื–ืขื”ืขืŸ, ืื•ืŸ ืฐื™ ืขืก ื”ืื˜ 
ื’ื•ื™ืกื’ืขื•ื•ื™ื–ืขืŸ, ื”ืึธื˜ ืขืจ ื“ื™ ืืจื‘ื™ื™ื˜ ื’ืขื˜ื”ืึธืŸ ื’ื˜ื ืฅ ื’ืขืฉืžืึทืง: ืขืจ ืฐืื˜ 
ื’ืขื”ืืฉืœื˜ืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืื™ื™ืŸ ืงื•ืงืกืขืŸ. 

ืฉื– ื–ื™ื™ื ืข ื‘ืจื™ืœืขืŸ ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ ื–ื™ืš ืึธืคึผื ืขืฉื˜ืขืœื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืžื™ืจ, ื”ืึธื˜ ื–ื™ืฃ 
ืžื™ืจ ืื•ื™ืกื’ืขื•ื•ื™ื–ืขืŸ, ืื– ืขืจ ื–ืขื”ื˜ ืžื™ืš ื“ื•ืจืš ืื•ืŸ ื“ื•ืจืš, 8ื– ืขืจ ื–ืขื”ื˜ 
ืžื™ื™ืŸ ื”ืึทืจืฅ, ืึทืŸ ืขืจ ื–ืขื”ื˜ ืžื™ื™ืŸ ืกื•ื“, ืžื™ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ื•ืœื™ื’ืขืŸ-ื—ื™ื™ืœื™ื’ืขืŸ ืกื•ืจ, 
ืื•ืŸ ืื™ืš ื”ืึธื‘ ืืจืึธืคึผื ืขืœืึธื–ื˜ ื“ื™ ืืฑื™ื’ืขืŸ. ืื™ืš ื”ืึธื‘ ืึธื‘ืขืจ ื“ืขืจืžื™ื”ืœื˜ 
ืื•ื™ื” ื–ื™ืš ื“ื™ ื‘ืจื™ืœืขืŸ ; ืื™ืš ื”ึนืึธื‘ ื’ืขืคื™ื”ืœื˜, ืื– ืขืจ ื”ืขืจื ื ื™ื ืืฑื™ืฃ 
ืื•ื™ืฃ ืžื™ืจ ืฆื• ืงื•ืงืขืŸ, ืื•ืŸ ืื™ืฃ ื”ืึธื‘ ื ื™ื˜ ื•ื•ื™ืœืขื ื“ื™ื’ ืื•ื™ืคื’ืขื”ื•ื™ื‘ืขืŸ ื–ื™ 
ืคืขื•ื™ื ืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ ื”ืึธื‘ ื–ื™ืš ื•ื•ื™ืขื“ืขืจ ื‘ืขื’ืขื’ืขื ื˜ ืžื™ื˜ ื–ื™ื™ื ืข ื‘ืจื™ืœืขืŸ, ื•ื•ืึธื 


ืฉืœื•ืก"ืขืœื™ื›ื ื‘. |ื•ืฉื‚ื 01 


146 ืฉืœื•ื-ืขืœื•ื›ื 


ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ ื’ืขืกื•ืกื˜ ืžื™ืจ ืื™ื ื•ื•ืขื ื™ื’ ืื™ืŸ ื”ืืจืฆืขืŸ ืึทืจื™ื™ืŸ ืื•ึนืŸ ื ืขืฆื•ื™ื ืขืŸ ืžื™ืš 
ืฆื• ื–ื™ืš, ืฐื™ ื ืžืึทื’ื ืขื˜. | 

ืื™ืš ืฐื™ื™ืก ื ื™ื˜, ื•ื™ ืึทื–ืฑ ื“ืึธืก ืื™ื– ื’ืขืฐืึธืจืขืŸ, ื ืึธืจ ืื™ืš ืื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจ 
ื™ื•ื ื ืขืจืžืึทืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ ื‘ืจื™ืœืขืŸ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื’ืขืฉื˜ืึทื ืขืŸ ื ืึธื”ืขื ื˜ ืื™ื™ื ืขืจ ื ืขื‘ืขืŸ 
ื“ืขื ืึทื ื“ืขืจืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ ื’ืขืจืขืจื˜, ื’ืขื•ื•ืขื”ื ืœื™ืš ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ื—ืชื•ื ื”, 
ืคื•ื "ื ื‘ืขื“ืขืงืขื ืก ืื•ืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื—ืชืŸ-ื›ืœื”. 

; ื“ืขื ื—ืชืŸ ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ ื‘ื™ื™ื“ืข ืžื—ื•ืชื ื™ื ืฆื•ื ืขืคื™ื”ืจื˜ ืื•ื ื˜ืขืจ ื“ื™ ื”ืขื ื“ 

ืฆื• ื“ืขืจ ื›ืœื”, ืื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื›ืœื— ืื™ื– ื’ืขื–ืขืกืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืžื™ื˜ืขืŸ ืฉื˜ื•ื‘ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื 
ื‘ืขื ืงืขืœ ืžื™ื˜ ืฆืขืœืึธื–ื˜ืข ื”ืึธืจ, ื“ืึธืก ืคึผื ื™ื ืคืขืจืฉื˜ืขืœื˜ ืžื™ื˜ ื‘ื™ื™ืจืข 
ื”ืขื ื“ --- ืึทืคึผื ื™ื, ื–ื™ ื”ืึธื˜ ื’ืขื•ื•ื™ื™ื ื˜. ื“ื™ ื›ืœื™-ื–ืžืจ ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ ื’ืขืฉืคึผื™ืขืœื˜. 
ืขื ื”ืึธื˜ ื’ืขื•ื•ื™ื™ื ื˜ ื ืคื™ืขื“ืข?, ืขืก ื”ืึธื˜ ื’ืขื˜ืขืจืขืœื™ื™ืงืขื˜ ื ื˜ืจืึธืžืฒื, 
ืขื ื”ืึธื˜ ื’ืขืคื™ื™ืคื˜ ื ืคืœื™ื™ื˜, ืขืก ื”ืึธื˜ ื’ืขื‘ืึทืจืื‘ืึทื ืขื˜ ื“ื™ ืงืขืกืขืœ- 
ืคื•ื™ืง --- ื‘ืึทืก-ื‘ืึทืก-ื ืึทื! ืื•ืŸ ื“ืึธืก ื”ืึทืจืฅ --- ื˜ื™ืง-ื˜ืืง! ื˜ื™ืง" 
ื˜ืึทืง ! 

,ืึธื˜-ืึธื˜ -- ื”ืึธื‘ ืื™ืš ืžื™ื“ ื’ืขื˜ืจืื‘ื˜ --- ืึธื˜-ืึธื˜, ื ืึธืš ื ืžื™ื ื•ื˜, 
ื ืึธืš ื ืžื™ื ื•ื˜ --- ืื•ืŸ ืึทืœืฅ ืื™ื– ืคืขืจืคืืœืขืŸ !/.. 

--- ืึท ื˜ืขืœืขืฆืข ! --- ืจื•ืคื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืึธืŸ ืฆื• ืžื™ื“ ืคึผืœื•ืฆื™ื ื“ืขืจ ื™ื•ื ื’ืขืจ- 
ืžืึทืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ ื‘ืจื™ืœืขืŸ ื ืœื™ื™ืš ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืื•ื™ื”ืขืจืขืŸ ืึทืจืฒืŸ. 

--- ื•ื•ืื• ืื™ื– ืึท ื˜ืขืœืขืฆืข ? --- ืคืจืขื’ ืื™ืš ืื™ื”ื ืื•ืŸ ืงื•ืง ื–ื™ืš 
ืึทืจื•ื ืื•ื™ืฃ ืึทืœืข ื–ื™ื™ื˜ืขืŸ. 

--- ืึธื˜ ื–ื™ืฆื˜ ื–ื™ ื“ืึธืš ! --- ืžืึทื›ื˜ ืขืจ ืฆื• ืžื™ืจ ืื•ืŸ ื‘ืขื•ื•ื™ื™ื–ื˜ ืžื™ืจ 
ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ ื‘ืจื™ืœืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ืขืจ ื‘ืœื”. 

ืขืจ ื”ืึธื˜ ื“ืขืจื–ืขื”ืขืŸ ื ืึธืš ืžื™ื™ืŸ ืคึผื ื™ื, ืึทื– ืื™ืš ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉื˜ืึทืจืง ืคืขืจ"- 
ื—ืจื•ืฉ'ื˜, ืžืึทื›ื˜ ืขืจ ืฆื• ืžื™ืจ ืฉื˜ื™ืœืขืจื”ื™ื™ื“ ืื•ื™ืค'ืŸ ืื•ื™ื—ืขืจ : 

--- ืึท ืงืึทืœื‘, ืึท ื‘ื”ืžื”, ืึท ื’ืœืึทื˜ืข, ืึท ื›ืฉืจ'ืข ื‘ื”ืžื” ! ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืฆืœื 
ืคืืจ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืืœืฃ, ืื•ืŸ ืึท ืžืจืฉืขืช ื“ืขืจืฆื•! ืื•ืŸ ื ืขืžื˜ ืึทื–ืึท ืคื™ื™ื ืขื 
ื—ืชืŸ ! ืื™ื”ืจ ื–ืขื ื˜, ื“ืึทื›ื˜ ื–ื™ืš, ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืœืขื”ืจืขืจ ? 

ืื™ืš ื•ื•ื™ื™ืก ื ื™ื˜, ืฆื™ ืขืจ ื”ืึธื˜ ืžื™ืจ ืื•ื•ืขืงื’ืขืจื•ืคืขืŸ, ืฆื™ ืื™ืš ื”ืึธื‘ 
ืื™ื”ื ืึทื•ื•ืขืงื’ืขืจื•ืคืขืŸ, ืฆื™ ืžื™ืจ ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ ื–ื™ืš ื‘ื™ื™ื“ืข ืึทืฐืขืงื ื’ืขืจื•ืคืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ 
ืึท ื–ื™ื™ื˜, ื ืึธืจ ืื™ืŸ ืฆื•ื•ื™ื™ ืžื™ื ื•ื˜ ืึทืจื•ื ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืžื™ืจ ื’ืขื–ืขื›ืžืขืŸ ืื™ื™ื ืขืจ 


ื˜ื™ื™ืŸ ืขืจืฉื˜ืขืจ ืจืึธืžืึทืŸ 147 


ืึทืงืขื’ืขืŸ ื“ืขื ืึทื ื“ืขืจืขืŸ, ืฐื™ ืึทืœื˜ืข ื‘ืขืงืึทื ื˜ืข, ืื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ื™ื•ื ื ืขืจืžื˜ืŸ 
ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ ื‘ืจื™ืœืขืŸ -- ืขืจ ืื™ื– ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ื“ืขืจ ื›ืœื”'ืก ืึท ืœืขื”ืจืขืจ --- ื”ืึธื˜ 
ืžื™ืจ ืื™ื‘ืขืจื’ืขื’ืขื‘ืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืื™ื”ืจ ืึทื–ืขืœื›ืข ื–ืึทื›ืขืŸ, ืฐืึธืก ืขืก ืฐืึธืœื˜ 
ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ื ืœื™ื™ื›ืขืจ ืื•ืŸ ื’ืขื–ื™ื’ื˜ืขืจ ืคืึทืจ ืžื™ืจ, ืื™ืš ื–ืึธืœ ื“ืึธืก ื‘ืขื˜ืขืจ ื ื™ื˜ 
ื•ื•ื™ืกืขืŸ:. 

--- ืคื˜ื™ื™ื˜ืฉ, ืื•ืŸ ืื™ื”ืจืข ื‘ืจื™ืขืฃ ? -- ื”ืึธื‘ ืื™ืš ืื•ื™ืกื ืขืฉืจื™- 
ื’ืขืŸ. --- ืื•ื ื ืึธื˜ืขืก ื•ื•ื™ืœืขืŸ, ืื™ื”ืจืข ื‘ืจื™ืขืฃ ?} 

ื“ืขืจื”ืขืจื˜ ื“ื™ ื“ืึธื–ื™ื’ืข ื•ื•ืขืจื˜ืขืจ, ื”ืึธื˜ ื“ืขืจ ื™ื•ื ื’ืขืจืžืึทืŸ ืžื™ื˜ 
ื“ื™ ื‘ืจื™ืœืขืŸ ื–ื™ืš ื’ืขื—ืึทืคึผื˜ ืคืึทืจ'ืŸ ื”ืึทืจืฆืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ ื”ืึธื˜ ืึธื ื’ืขื”ื•ื™ื‘ืขืŸ ืฆื• 
ืœืึทื›ืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืฆื• ืงืื˜ืฉืขืŸ ื–ื™ืš ืคืึทืจ ื’ืขืœืขื›ื˜ืขืจ. 

--- ืื™ื”ืจืข ื‘ืจื™ืขืฃ ? ื—ืฉ-ื”ืึท-ื—ื˜ ! ืื™ื”ืจืข ื‘ืจื™ืขืฃ! ืื•, ืื™ืฃ 
ืฐืขืœ? ื“ืึธืก ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืื•ื™ืกื”ืืœื˜ืขืŸ -- ืื™ื” ืจืข ื‘ืจื™ืขืฃ! 

--- ื•ื•ืขืžืขื 'ืก ื“ืขืŸ ื‘ืจื™ืขืฃ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื“ืึธื˜ ? 

-- ืื™ื”ืจืข ? ื—ืึทื™ื—ืื“ื”ื ! ืื™ื”ืจืข ื‘ืจื™ืข? ืžื™ื™ื ืข{ ื”ืื—ื- 
ื—ื, ืžื™ื™ื ืข ื‘ืจื™ืขืฃ ! ืžื™ื™ื ืข ! ืžื™ื™ื ืข!! ืžื™ื™ื ืข ื•ื•ื• 

ืื™ืš ื”ืึธื‘ ื’ืขืžื™ื™ื ื˜, ืื– ื“ืขืจ ื™ื•ื ื’ืขืจืžืืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื ืึธืจ ืึทืจืึธืคึผ ืคื•ืŸ 
ื–ื™ื ืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืขืจ ืฐืขื˜ ื“ืขื ืฉืœืึทื’ ื‘ืขืงื•ืžืขืŸ. ืขืจ ื”ืึธื˜ ืžื™ืš ื’ืขืึทืคื˜ 
ืคึฟืืจ ื‘ื™ื™ืจืข ื”ืขื ื“, ืžื™ืš ื’ืขื’ื•ืžืขืŸ ื“ื“ืขื”ืขืŸ ืื™ื‘ืขืจ'ืŸ ืฉื˜ื•ื‘, ืžื™ืš ื ืข- 
ืฉืœืึธื’ืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืคึผืœื™ื™ืฆืขืก ืื•ืŸ ื ื™ื ืื•ื™ืคื’ืขื”ืขืจื˜ ืฆื• ืœืึทื›ืขืŸ 1 

--- ืื™ื”ืจืข, ื—ืื™ื—ื"ื—ื”ื ! ืื™ื”ืจืข ื‘ืจื™ืขืฃ 99 

ืขืก ื”ืึธื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืื™ื™ืš ื•ื•ืขืŸ ื’ืข'ื—ืœื•ืž'ื˜ ืึท ื–ื™ืกืขืจ ื—ืœื•ื : ืึท ืคึผืึทืœืืฅ ืึท 
ืฉืขื ืขืจ, ื’ื•ื˜ืข ืžืื›ืœื™ื, ื“ื™ ื‘ืขืกื˜ืข ื•ื•ื™ื™ื ืขืŸ, ืคืจื™ืฉืข ืคึผื™ืจื•ืช, ื ืึธืจ-ืฐืึธืก 
ืคื•ื 'ื ื‘ื•ื™ื, ื ืจื™ื— ืคื•ืŸ ื‘ืฉืžื™ื, ืึท ื’ืŸ-ืขื“ืŸ,,. ืื•ืŸ ืื™ื™ื ืข ืขืคึผื™ืก ืึท , ื–ื™" 
ืื™ื 'ื ื’ืขืฉื˜ืืœื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ืึท ืคึผืจื™ื ืฆืขืกื™ืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ื’ื™ืœื“ืขื ืข ื‘ืขื–ื™ืœื‘ืขืจื˜ืข ื”ืึธืจ... 
ืื•ืŸ ืื™ื”ืจ ืฉื•ื•ืขื‘ื˜, ื ื™ื˜ ืื™ื”ืจ ื’ืขื”ื˜, ืื•ืŸ ืื™ื—ืจ ืคืœื™ื”ื˜-ืคืœื™ื”ื˜ ืึฒืœืฅ 
ื”ืขื›ืขืจ-ื”ืขื›ืขืจ, ื’ืœื™ื™ืš ืื™ืŸ ื”ื™ืžืข? ืึทืจืฒืŸ... ืคึผืœื•ืฆื™ื ื”ืขืจื˜ ืื™ื”ืจ ื 
ืžื™ื™ืžืขืŸ, ืฐืึธืก ื’ืขื”ื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ื ืฐืึทืœื“ ืึทืจืฑืก -- ืคื™ื“ื™ื•ื“ื™ื˜ ! ืื•ืŸ ืึท ืคึผืึทื˜ืฉ 
ืคื•ืŸ ืคืœื™ื’ืœืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืึท ืžืฉื•ื ื”-ืžืื“ื ืข ื’ืขืœืขื›ื˜ืขืจ ,ื—ื˜ -ื—ื", ืฐืึธืก ืฆืข- 
ื˜ืจืึธื’ื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืื™ื‘ืขืจืฅ ื’ืึทื ืฆืขืŸ ืฐืึทืœื“ ืื•ืŸ ืœืึธื–ื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืื•ื™ืก ืžื™ื˜ ืึท 
ืœืึทื ื’ืขืŸ ื’ืขื”ื ื™ืฅ --- ืึทืึทืึดื™ ื•ื• ืคื˜ืจ ืฉื™ื™ืขืจืข ืื•ื™ื’ืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืึท ื˜ื™ืขืคืขืจ 


16 ืฉืœื•ื-ืขืœื•ื‘ื 


ืึธืคึผื ืจื•ื ื“, ืึธื˜-ืึธื˜ ืคืื˜ ืื™ื”ืจ ืึทืจืึธืคึผ. ืื™ื”ืจ ื˜ื”ื•ื˜ ืึท ืฆื™ื˜ืขืจ ืื•ืŸ 
ื”ืึทืคึผื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืื•ื™ืฃ ืžื™ื˜ ื ืงืึธืคึผื•ื•ืขื”ื˜ื™ื’ ืื•ืŸ ืงืึทื ื˜ ืœืึทื ื’ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืงื•ืžืขืŸ 
ืฆื• ื–ื™ืš... | 
ื“ืขื ื“ืึธื–ื™ื ืขืŸ ื–ื™ืกืขืŸ ื—ืœื•ื ื”ืึธื‘ ืื™ืš ืื™ื‘ืขืจื’ืขืœืขื‘ื˜ ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ 
ื˜ื™ื ื•ื˜, ืฐืึธืก ื“ืขืจ ื™ื•ื ื’ืขืจืžืืŸ ืžื™ืค ื“ื™ ื‘ืจื™ืœืขืŸ ืื™ื– ื’ืขืฉื˜ืึทื ืขืŸ ืื™ื‘ืขืจ 
ืžื™ืจ ืื•ืŸ ื”ืึธื˜ ื ื™ื˜ ืื•ื™ืคื ืขื”ืขืจื˜ ืฆื• ืœืึทื›ืขืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ืžื™ื™ื ืข ื‘ืจื™ืขืฃ ืื•ืŸ 
ืื•ื™ืกืจืขื›ืขื ืขืŸ ื“ื™ ืžืขืœื•ืช ืคื•ืŸ ืžื™ื™ืŸ ื’ืขืœื™ืขื‘ื˜ืข... ืขืจ ื”ืึธื˜ ื’ืขืœืึทื›ื˜, 
ืื•ืŸ ืžื™ืจ ื”ืึธื˜ ื–ื™ืš ื’ืขื˜ืจื™ืคื˜ ื‘ืœื•ื˜, ื ื˜ืจืึธืคึผืขืŸ ื ืึธืš ืึท ื˜ืจืึธืคึผืขืŸ, ืื•ืŸ 
ื ืขืคืึทืœืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืžื™ื™ืŸ ืคืขืจื•ื•ืื•ื ื“ืขื˜ ื”ืืจืฅ,. ืื•ื™ืฃ ืžื™ื™ืŸ ืคืขืจ'ืกืž'ื˜ืข 
ืœืฉืžื”. | | 

ืื•ืŸ ื“ืึธืจื˜ ืื™ืŸ ื–ืืœ ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ ื’ืขืฉืคึผื™ืขืœื˜ ื“ื™ ื›ืœื™-ื–ืžืจ. ื“ื™ ืคื™ืขืจืข? 
ื”ืึธื˜ ื’ืขื•ื•ื™ื™ื ื˜, ื“ื™ ื˜ืจื•ืžื™ื™ื˜ ื”ืึธื˜ ื’ืขื˜ืขืจืขืœืฒื™ืงืขื˜, ื“ื™ ืคืœื™ื™ื˜ ื”ืึธื˜ 
ื’ืขืคื™ื™ืคื˜, ื“ืขืจ ื‘ืึธืก ื”ืึธื˜ ื’ืขื‘ืจื•ืžื˜, ื“ื™ ืงืขืกืขืœ-ืคึผืฑื™ืง ื”ืึธื˜ ื’ืขื‘ืืจืึท- 
ื‘ืื ืขื˜ -- ื‘ืึทื! ื‘ืึทื! ื‘ืื! ืื•ืŸ ื“ืึธืก ื”ืึทืจืฅ -- ื“ืึธืก ื”ืึทืจืฅ 
ืื™ื– ืžื™ืจ ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ืคื•ืกื˜ ืื•ืŸ ืœืขื“ื™ื’, ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ืขืจ ื ืฉืžื” ื•ื•ื™ืกื˜ ืื•ืŸ ืคื™ื ืก" 
ื˜ืขืจ, ื—ื•ืฉืš, ื—ื•ืฉืš ืื™ืŸ ืืœืข ื•ื•ื™ื ืงืขืœืขืš:) ื™- 


ืฆื•ื•ื™ื™ ืึทื ืžืขืžื™ืžื™ืžืขืŸ 


4 2 .3332 ืืข .ืจื‘ -ื ื–ื™ื”.. ืžื™ืŸ- = ,22 ,3 8 ืžืข ื•ืฆ 30 4 


ืฉืจ ืฆืขื”ืœื•ื ื’ 


ื’ืขืฉืจื™ื‘ึผืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื™ืึธื”ืจ 1905 


ืขื• 


ืžืึทืงื˜ ื‘ืขืจืœื™ืึทื ื˜ ืื™ื– ื ื’ืขืจื•ื™ื›ืขืจื˜ืข ืงื™ื•ืœืงืข. ืขืจ ืคืึธื”ืจื˜ ืคื•ืŸ 
ืœืึธื“ืŸ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืžืึธืกืงืฐืข ืื•ืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ืžืึธืกืงืฐืข ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืœืึธื“ื– ืขื˜ืœื™ื›ืข ืžืึธืœ ืื™ืŸ 
ื•ืึธื”ืจ. ืขืจ ืื™ื– ื‘ืขืงืึทื ื˜ ืžื™ื˜ ืึทืœึถืข ื‘ื•ืคืขื˜ืฉื™ืงืขืก ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื™ ืฐืึธืงื–ืึทืœืขืŸ, 
ืื•ื™ืกื’ืขื‘ื•ื ื“ืขืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ืึทืœืข ืงืึทื ื“ื•ืงื˜ืึธืจืขืŸ, ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ื˜ื™ืขืคืข 
ื’ื•ื‘ืขืจื ื™ืขืก, ื“ืึธืจื˜ ื•ื•ืื• ื ืื™ื“ ื˜ืึธืจ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืžืขื—ืจ ืฐื•ื™ ืคื™ืขืจ ืื• 
ืฆื•ื•ืื ืฆื™ื’ ืฉืขื—, ื’ืขืฉื•ื•ื™ืฆื˜ ืื™ืŸ ืึทืœึถืข ืื•ื˜ืฉืึทืกื˜ืงืขืก, ืื•ื™ืกื ืขืฉื˜ืื ืขืŸ 
ืื•ื ื˜ืขืจื•ื•ืขื ืขื ื ื’ืขื ื•ื’. ื‘ื–ื™ื•ื ื•ืช, ื ื™ื˜ ืื™ื™ืŸ ืžืึธืœ ื–ื™ืš ื’ืขืขืจื’ืขืจื˜, ืึดืคึผื™ 
| ื’ืขื’ืขืกืขืŸ ื“ืึธื˜ ื”ืืจืฅ -- ืื•ืŸ ืึทืœืฅ ืื™ื‘ืขืจ'ืŸ ืื™ื“ืขื ื˜ื•ื. ื“ืึธื˜ ื”ื™ื™ืกื˜, 
ื ื™ื ืื™ื‘ืขืจ ื“ืขื, ื•ืืก ืก'ืื™ื– ืคืืจื”ืืŸ ื ืื™ื“ืขื ื˜ื•ื, ื ืึธืจ ื“ืขืจืคื˜ืจ, 
ืฐืึธื˜ ืขืจ ืึทืœึตื™ื™ืŸ ืื™ืŸ, ื ื™ื˜ ืื•ื™ืกื’ืขืจืขื“ื˜ ื–ืึธืœ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ, ืึท ืื™ื“; ืื•ืŸ ื ื™ื˜ 
ืื–ื•ื™ ื“ืขืจืคืฉืจ ื ืึธืš, ืฐืึธื˜ ืขืจ ืื™ื– ื ืื™ื“, ืฐื™ ื“ืขืจืคืืจ, ืฐืึธืก ืขืจ ื”ืึธื˜, 
ืžื—ื™ืœื”, ื ืื™ื“ื™ืฉ ืื•ื™ืกื–ืขื”ืขืŸ. ืึธื˜ ื“ืขืจ ืฆืœื ืืœืงื™ื --- ืื•ื™, ื“ืขืจ 
ืฆืœื ืืœืงื™ื } ืื•ื™ื’ืขืŸ ืฉื•ื•ืืจืฆืข, ื ืœืึทื ืฆืขื ื“ื™ื ืข, ื”ืึธืจ ืื•ื™ืš ืฉืฐื•ืึทืจืฆืข, 
ื’ืœืึทื ืฆืขื ื“ื™ื ืข --- ืืžืช'ืข ืกืขืžื™ื˜ื™ืฉืข ื”ืึธืจ ; ืึตื™ื™ืŸ ืื•ื™ืกืฉืคึผืจืืš ื ื’ืข" 
ื”ืจื’'ืขื˜ืข, ืื™ื™ืŸ ืขื›ื˜ืข 8 ืื™ืจื™ืฉืข, ืžื™ื˜ ื ื—ื™"ืฉ, ืื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจืฆื• ื 
ื ืึธืŸ --- ืื•ื™, ื ื ืึธืŸ ! 

ืื•ืŸ ื•ื™ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืฆื•ื“ืœื”ื›ืขื™ืก, ืื™ื– ืื•ื ื–ืขืจ ื”ืขืœื“ ื‘ืขืฉื˜ืจืึธืคื˜ ืžื™ื˜ 
ืึท ืžื™ืŸ ืคึผืจืึธืคืขืกื™ืข (ืขืจ ืื™ื– ืึท ืงืึธืžื™ืฐืึดื™ืึทื–ืฉืขืจ), ื•ื•ืึธืก ืขืจ ืกื•ื– ื–ื™ืš 
ืึทืจื•ืžืคื™ื”ืจืขืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ื“ืขืจ ื ืึธื– ืื™ื‘ืขืจ ื“ืขืจ ื•ืขืœื˜, ืื•ืŸ ื“ื•ืงื ืจืขืจืขืŸ, 
ืื•ืŸ ื“ื•ืงื ืึท ืกืš ืจืขื“ืขืŸ --- ืžืข ื–ืึธืœ ืื™ื”ื ื–ืขื”ืขืŸ, ื—ื™ื™ืกื˜ ืขืก, ืื•ืŸ ืžืข 
ื–ืึธืœ ืื™ื”ื ื”ืขืจืขืŸ. ืงื•ืจืฅ --- ืก'ืื™ืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืื™ื”ื ื ืจื—ืžื ื•ืช. 


151 


198 | ืฉืœื•ื-ืขืœื•ื›ื 


ืืžืช, ืื•ื ื–ืขืจ ื”ืขืœื“ ื”ืึธื˜ ื–ื™ืš ื ื•ืงื ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ื‘ืึธืจื“. 
ืึธื ื’ืขื˜ื”ืึธืŸ ื–ื™ืš ืื•ืŸ ืืฑืกื’ืขืคึผื•ืฆื˜, ื˜ืึทืงื™ ื ืึธืจ ื•ื™ ืึท ื›ืœื”, ืคืขืจืจืจืขื”ื˜ 
ื“ื™ ืฐืึธื ืกืขืก ืึทืจืฑืฃ, ื–ื™ืš ืคืขืจืœืึธื–ื˜ ืึท ืœืึทื ื’ืขืŸ ื ืึธื’ืขืœ ืื•ืŸ ื’ืขื˜ืจืึทื’ืขืŸ 
ืึท ืฉื ื™ืคึผืก , ืืฉืจ ื ืฉื ื™ืคึผืกื• ืื‘ื•ืชื™ื ื•/, ื–ื™ืš ื ืขื•ื•ืื•ื™ื ื˜ ืฆื• ื“ื™ ืžืื›ืœื™ื 
ืฐืึธืก ืื•ื™ื'ืŸ ืฐืึธืกื–ืืฉึธ?ืœ, ืืฑืกื’ืขืœืึธื–ื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื ืึทื ืฅ ื‘ื™ื˜ืขืจ ื”ืึทืจืฅ ืฆื•ึนื 
ื“ื‘ืจ-ืื—ืจ (ืก'ื–ืึธืœ ืื™ื”ื ืึถื ื’ืขื”ืŸ, ื“ืขื ื—ื•ึนื™ืจ, ื—ืึธื˜ืฉ ื”ืึทืœื‘, ืฐืึธื 
ืžืึทืงืก ื”ืึธื˜ ืื™ื”ื ื’ืขื•ื•ื™ื ืฉืขื•ื•ืขื˜, ื‘ืฉืขืช ืขืจ ื”ืึธื˜ ืื™ื”ื ืคืขืจื–ื•ื›ื˜ 
ืฆื•ื ืขืจืฉื˜ืขืŸ ืžืึธืœ!), ืื•ืŸ ืฐืึธืก ื˜ื•ื™ื’ ืื™ื™ืš ื’ืจื•ื™ืก ? ืขืจ ื”ืึธื˜ ื–ื™ืš 
ืื™ื™ื ื’ืขืฉื˜ืขืœื˜ ื“ืึธืก ืœืขื‘ืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ ื”ืึธื˜ ืึธื ื’ืขื”ื•ื™ื‘ืขืŸ ืขื˜ืขืŸ ืจืืงืขืก. 

ืคืึทืจ ื•ืืก ื–ืึธื’ ืื™ืš ,ืขืจ ื”ืึธื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืื™ื™ื ื’ืขืฉื˜ืขืœื˜ ื“ืึธืก ืœืขื‘ืขืŸ"? 
ื•ื•ื™ื™ืœ ืึทื™ื™ืขืจืข ืฉื•ื ืื™ื ื–ืึธืœืขืŸ ืึทื–ืฑ ื•ื•ื™ืกืขืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืขืจ ื ืึธื–, ื•ื™ ืžืืกืก 
ื‘ืขืจืœื™ืึทื ื˜ ื”ืึธื˜ ืืคื™ืœื• ืึธื ื’ืขื”ื•ื™ื‘ืขืŸ ืฆื• ื•ื•ื™ืกืขืŸ, ื•ื™ ืื™ ืžืขืŸ ืื™ื– ื–ื™ืš 
ื ื•ื”ื’ ืžื™ื˜ ืจืืงืขื ;: ืฆื™ ืžืข ืฉื ื™ื™ืจื˜ ื–ื™ื™ ืžื™ื˜ ื ืžืขืกืขืจ? ืฆื™ ืžืข 
ืฉื˜ืขื‘ื˜ ื–ื™ื™ ืžื™ื˜ ื ื ืึธืคึผืขืœ 4 ืฆื™ ืžืข ืขืกื˜ ื–ื™ื™ ื ืึทื ืฆืขืจื”ื™ื™ืš ? 

ืื•ืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขืกื˜ื•ื•ืขื ืขืŸ, ื ืึธืš ื“ื™ ืืœืข ื’ืœื™ืงืขืŸ, ืงืึธืŸ ื–ื™ืš ืžืึทืกืก 
ื‘ืขืจืœื™ืึทื ื˜ ื ื™ื˜ ืื•ื™ืกื‘ืขื”ืืœื˜ืขืŸ ืกืžื™ื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืื™ื“ื™ืฉืงื™ื™ื˜ -- ื ื™ื˜ ืคื•ืŸ 
ืื™ื™ื ืขื ืข, ื ื™ื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ืคืจืขืžื“ืข. ืžืข ื“ืขืจืงืขื ื˜ ืื™ื”ื, ื•ื™ ื ื‘ื™ื™ื•ืขืŸ 
ืฉื™ืœื™ื ื’ืขืจ, ืคึผื•ื ืงื˜ ืึทื–ืฑ ื•ื™ ื“ืขื ืคืขืจืฉืึธืœื˜ืขื ืขื ืงื™ืŸ, ืื•ืŸ ืžืข ื ื™ื˜ 
ืื™ื”ื ืฆื• ื•ื•ื™ืกืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื™ืขื“ืขืŸ ื˜ืจื™ื˜ ืื•ืŸ ืฉืจื™ื˜, ื•ื•ืขืจ ืขืจ ืื™ื– ืื•ืŸ 
ื•ื•ืึธืก ืขืจ ืื™ืŸ. ืงื•ืจืฅ -- ืก'ืื™ื– ืื•ื™ืฃ ืื™ื”ื ืฉ ื ืึธื˜'ืก ืจื—ืžื ื•ืช ! 


ื‘. 


ื ืืจ ืื•ื™ื‘ ืžืึทืงื ื‘ืขืจืœื™ืึทื ื˜ ืื™ื– ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ืื™ื™ืŸ ืื•ืžื’ืœื™ืงืœื™ื›ืขืจ 
ืžืขึทื ืฉ ื‘ื™ื– ืงื™ืฉื™ื ืขื•ื”, ืื™ื– ื ืึธืš ืงื™ืฉื™ื ืขื•ื• ื ื™ื˜ 
ื ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ืฆื• ืื™ื”ื ืงื™ื™ืŸ ื ืœื™ื™ื›ืขืŸ. ื˜ืจืึธื ืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื–ื™ืš ื˜ื™ืขืฃ ืื™ืŸ ื”ืืจืฆืขืŸ ื 
ื ืจื•ื™ืกืขืŸ ื•ื•ืขื”ื˜ื™ื’ ืื•ืŸ ืฉืขืžืขืŸ ื–ื™ืš ืžื™ื˜ ืื™ื”ื -- ื“ืึธืก ืื™ืŸ ื ืกื™ืŸ 
ื’ื™ื”ื ื•ื, ืฐืึธืก ื ืึธืจ ื“ืขืจ ืงืึธืŸ ืื™ื”ื ืคืขืจืฉื˜ืขื”ืŸ, ื•ื•ืขืจ ืขืก ืคื™ื—ืœื˜ ืื™ื”ื. 
ืžืืกืก ื”ืึธื˜ ื–ื™ืš ื’ืขืฉื˜ืžื˜ ืžื™ื˜ ืงื™ืฉื™ื ืขื•, ื’ืœื™ื™ืš ืฐื™ ื“ืึธืกื ืฐืึธืœื˜ 
ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ 1 ื™ ' ืŸ ืกื™ืฉื™ื ืขื•.. ืื•ืŸ ื˜ืึทืงื™ ืขืคึผื™ืก ื ืึธืจ ื•ื™ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืฆืฑ" 


ืคื•ื•ื™ื• ืื ื˜ื•ืกืขื˜ื™ื˜ืขืŸ 109 
| ืœื—ื›ืขื•ืก, ื”ืึธื˜ ืžืขืŸ ืื™ื—ื ืคึผื•ื’ืกื˜ ืื™ืŸ ื™ืขื ืขืจ ืฆื™ื™ื˜, ืฐืึธืก ื ืึธืš ืงื™ืฉื™- 
ื ืขื•ื•, ืืจื•ื™ืกื ืขืฉื™ืงื˜ ืื”ื™ืŸ, ืื™ืŸ ื™ึถืขื ึถืข ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช, ืกื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ืขื˜ืืจืื‘ื™ืข, 
ืื•ืŸ ืขืจ ื”ืึธื˜ ื’ืขืคื™ื—ืœื˜, ื˜ื– ื“ืึธ ื”ื•ื™ื‘ื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืึธืŸ ืคืืจ ืื™ื”ื = ื ื™ื™ืขืจ 
ื’ื™ื”ื ื•ื. ืงืืจื’ ื”ืึธื˜ ืขืจ ื–ื™ืš ืึธื ื’ืขืชืขืจื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื“ืืฑื™ื ื˜ ืฉืขื ืข 
ืžืขืฉื™ื•ืช ื“ืึธืจื˜ ื‘ื™ื™ ื–ื™ืš ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ื—ื™ื™ื 4 ืงืึทืจื’ ื”ืึธื˜ ืื™ื—ื ื’ืขืงืื›ื˜ 
ื“ืึธืก ื”ืึทืจืฅ, ืคืขืจืœืึทืคืขืŸ ืกื™ื˜ ื‘ืœื•ื˜, ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื™ ืจืฆื™ื—ื•ืช, ืฐืึธืก ืžืข ื”ืื˜ 
ืืฉื–ืขืœื›ืก ื ื™ื˜ ื’ืขื”ืขืจื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ืขืจ ื ืึทื ืฆืขืจ ื•ื•ืขืœื˜ ? ืขืจ ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื“ืขืŸ ืžืขืจ- 
ื’ืขืกืขืŸ ื™ืขื ืขื ื˜ืึธื’, ื‘ืฉืขืช ืื™ื•ื ืžืึธืœ ืื™ืŸ ืฉื•ื—? ื”ืึธื˜ ืžืขืŸ ื ืขืžืื›ื˜ 
ืึตื™ื™ืŸ {ืืœื™ืžืœืื“ืจื—ืžื•ื™ื? ืื•ึนื™ืฃ ื“ื™ ,ื—ืจื•ื’ื™ื™ืงื™ืฉื™ื ืขื•ื•" ? ืึทืœื˜ืข ืื™ืจืขืŸ 
ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ ื“ืขืžืึธืœื˜ ื’ืขืฐื•ื™ื™ื ื˜, ื•ื•ื™ื™ื‘ืขืจ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื’ืขืคืึทืœืขืŸ ื—ืœืฉื•ืช... 

ื’ืขื•ื•ื™ื ื”ืึธื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืื™ ื’ืขื˜ืจืึธืคืขืŸ ืึท ืžืึธืœ. ืคืึทื”ืจืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื‘ืื”ืŸ 
ืžืขืจื‘ื™ื• ื˜ื™ื™ืŸ ืึดืจื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ื˜ ,ืงื˜ื˜ืขืกื˜ืจืึทืคืข", ืื™ื”ืจ ืฐื™ื™ืกื˜ ื˜ืึธืงื™ 
ื’ืฉื ืฅ ื ื•ื, ื˜ื– ืื™ื—ืจ ืงืึธื’ื˜ ื–ื™ืฆืขืŸ ืจื•ื—ื™ื’: ื ืืš 8 ืžืึธืœ ืื–ื ืื•ื- 
ื’ืœื™ืง, ืึท ืงืึทื˜ื’ ืึทืกื˜ืจืึทืคืข, ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ืขื ื–ืขืœื‘ืขืŸ ืึธืจื˜ ื•ื•ืขื ื–ื™ืš ื’ื™ื˜ ื˜ืจืข- 
ืคืขืŸ, ื’ืืจ ืื™ื—ืจ ื“ืขืจืžืึทื ื˜ ื–ื™ืš, ื˜ื– ืึธื˜ -ืฉ-ื“ืึธ ื”ืื‘ืขืŸ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืœืื ื  
ื’ืขืกื˜ืฉื˜ืฉืขื˜ ื–ื™ืš ื‘ืืจื’-ืืจืึธืคึผ ืื™ ืฐื•ื˜ื ืึธืŸ ื ืึธื›'ืŸ ืื ื“ืขืจืขืŸ, ืื•ืŸ ื“ื 
ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ ืžืขื ืฉืขืŸ ื’ืขืœืขื’ื˜ ื“ืขื ืงืึธื˜, ื“ืึธ ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ ื’ืขื˜ืจื™ืฉื˜ืฉืขื˜ ื‘ื™ื™ื ืขืจ, 
ื’ืขืจื•ื ืขืŸ ื‘ืœื•ื˜, ื’ืขืฉืคึผืจื™ืฆื˜ ืžืึทืจืš -- ืื™ื—ืจ ื–ืขื ื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืคื—ื™ื”, ืื– ืื™ื—ืจ 
ืคืึทื—ืจื˜ ืืจื™ื›ืขืจ ื“ึนืื ืืจื˜ ื‘ืฉืœื•ื.. 

ืžืืฉืกื˜ ื”ืึธื˜ ื’ืขื•ื•ืื•ืกื˜, ืื– ื“ืึธ, ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช, ื•ื•ืขืœืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ 8 
ืกืš ื“ื‘ื•ืจื™ื, ืžื™ื˜ ืžื™ืžืจื•ืช, ืžื™ื˜ ืžืขืฉื™ื•ืช, ืžื™ื˜ ื–ื™ื›ืฆืขืŸ, ืžื™ื˜ ืงืจืขื‘- 
ืฆืขืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ืื™ื™ื’ืขื ืข, ืื•ืŸ ืึธื ืฆื•ื”ืขืจืขื ื™ืฉืขืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ืฉื˜ืขื›ื•ื•ืขืจื˜ืœืขืš ืคื•ืŸ 
ืคืจืขืžื“ืข ; ืื•ืŸ ืฐืึธืก ื’ืขื”ืขื ื˜ืขืจ ืขืจ ืื™ื– ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ืฆื• ื™ืขื ืข ืžืงื•ืกื•ืช, 
ื”ืึธื˜ ืขืจ ืึทืœืฅ ืžืขื”ืจ ื’ืขื–ื•ื›ื˜ ืžื™ื˜ืœืขืŸ, ื•ื™ ืึทื•ื•ื™ ืฆื• ืื ื˜ืœื•ื™ืžืขืŸ, ืื•ื™ื- 
ื‘ืขื”ืืœื˜ืขืŸ ื–ื™ืš ืคื•ืŸ ื–ื™ืš ืืœื™ื™ืŸ... 

ื’ืขืงื•ืžืขืŸ ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ื’ืึทืจ ื’ืึทื”ืขื ื˜, ื”ืึธื˜ ืขืจ ืชื—ื™ืœืช ื’ืขืฐืึธืœื˜ ื‘ืœื™ื™ื‘ืขืŸ 
ื–ื™ืฆืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืฐืึทื ืึธืŸ ืื™ื™ื ืขืจ ืืœื™ื™ืŸ, ื ืื›ื“ืขื ื”ืึธื˜ ืขืจ ื–ื™ ื‘ืขืจืขื›ืขื ื˜ 
ืื•ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื•ืงื ืึทืจืึธืคึผื’ืขืฉื˜ืจื•ื ื’ืขืŸ ืžื™ื˜. ื ืึธืš ืคื˜ืกืื–ืฉื™ืจืขืŸ ืื–ื™ืืฅ 
ื•ื•ืึธืงื•8ืœ, ื“ื•ืงื ืฆื•ื’ืขื ืื ื ืขืŸ ืฆื•ื ื‘ื•ืคืขื˜ ืžื™ื˜ ื ื‘ืจื™ื™ื˜ื˜ื™ื™ื˜, ืฐื™ ื 
ืžืขื ืฉ, ืฐืึธืก ืก'ืื™ืŸ ืื™ื”ื ืฉื˜ืืจืง ืื•ื™ืžื’ืขืœืขื ื˜ ืื•ื™ืž'ืŸ ื”ื˜ืจืฆืขืŸ, ื“ื•ืก:ื™ 


154 ืฉืœื•ื-ืขืœื•ื›ื 


ื’ืขืžืึทื›ื˜ ืึท ืฉื ืขืคึผืกืขืœ, ืžืขืจื‘ื™ืกืขืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ ืึทืœืข ื’ื•ื˜ืข ื–ืึทื›ืขืŸ, ืฐืึธืก 
ืึท ืื™ื“ ื˜ืึธืš ื ื™ื˜, ืคืขืจื˜ืจื•ื ืงืขืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ืึท ื’ืœืขื–ืขืœ ื‘ื™ืขืจ, ืคืขืจืจื•ื™ื›ืขืจื˜ ื 
ืฆื™ื’ืืจ ืื•ืŸ ืื™ื– ืฆื•ื’ืขื’ืึทื ื’ืขืŸ ืฆื• ื“ืขืจ ืฉืึทืคึฟืข, ื•ื•ืื• ืžืข ืคืขืจืงื•ื™ืคื˜ ื‘ื™ื›ื‘ืขืจ 
ืื•ืŸ ืฆื™ื™ื˜ื•ื ื’ืขืŸ, ืื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจื–ืขื”ืขืŸ ืœื™ื’ืขืŸ ื“ืึธืก ื’ืขื•ื•ื™ืกืข ืฉืขื ืข ืึทื ื˜ 
ืกืขืžื™ื˜ื™ืฉืข ื‘ืœืึทื˜ ืคื•ื 'ื ื’ืขื•ื•ื™ืกืขืŸ ืฉืขื ืขื ืึทื ื˜ื™ืกืขืžื™ื˜ ืงืจื•ืฉืขื•ื•ื˜ืŸ 
ืžื™ื˜'ืŸ ื’ืขื•ื•ื™ืกืขืŸ ืฉืขื ืขื ื ืึธืžืขืŸ ืขื‘ ืขืกืึทื“ืื‘ืข ื–". ื“ืึธืจื˜, ืื™ืŸ 
ื™ืขื ืข ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช, ื“ืึทืจืคื˜ ืื™ื”ืจ ื•ื•ื™ืกืขืŸ, ื•ื•ืื• ืขืก ื‘ืึทืงื˜ ื–ื™ืš ื“ืึธืก ื“ืึธื–ื™ื’ืข 
ืฉืขื ืข ื‘ืœืึทื˜, ืœื™ื’ื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืขืก ื’ืึทื ืฅ ืจื•ื—ื™ื’ : ืงื™ื™ื ืขืจ ื ืขืžื˜ ื“ืึธืก ื ื™ื˜ ืื™ืŸ 
ื”ืึทื ื“ ืืจื™ื™ืŸ; ื“ื™ ื“ืึธืจื˜ื™ื’ืข ืื™ื“ืขืŸ ื ืขืžืขืŸ ื“ืึธืก ื ื™ื˜, ื•ื•ื™ื™ืœ ืก'ืื™ื– 
, ืžื•ืงืฆื” ืžื—ืžืช ืžื™ืื•ืก", ืื•ืŸ ื ื™ื˜-ืื™ื“ืขืŸ ื”ืึธื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืขืก ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ืฆื•ื’ืขื’ืขืกืขืŸ. 
ืœื™ื ื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืขืก ื“ืขืจืคืืจ ื‘ืฉืœื•ื ืื™ืŸ ืฉืึทืคืข ืื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจืžืึทื ื˜ ื ืึธืจ ื“ืขื 
ืขื•ืœื, ืึทื– ืก'ืื™ื– ืคืืจื”ืืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ืขืจ ื•ื•ืขืœื˜ ืื™ื™ื ืขืจ ืึท ืงืจื•ืฉืขืฐืึทืŸ, 
ืฐืึธืก ืจื•ื”ื˜ ื ื™ืฉื˜, ืฐืึธืก ืฉืœืึธืคื˜ ื ื™ื˜ ืื•ืŸ ืฐืึธืก ื–ื•ื›ื˜ ืžื™ื˜ืœืขืŸ, ื•ื™ 
ืึทื–ื–ื™ ืฆื• ื‘ืขื”ื™ื˜ืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ ื‘ืขืฐืึธื”ืจืขื ืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ ื‘ืขืฉื™ืจืžืขืŸ ื“ื™ ื•ื•ืขืœื˜ ืคื•ืŸ 
ื“ืขืจ ื’ืขืคืขื”ืจืœื™ื›ืขืจ ืงืจืขื ืง, ืฐืึธืก ืžืข ืจื•ืคื˜ ื–ื™ ,ืื™ืจื™ืฉืกื™ื™ื˜". 

ืžืึทืงืก ื‘ืขืจืœื™ืื ื˜ ืื™ื– ื ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืื™ื™ื ืฆื™ื’ืขืจ, ืฐืึธืก ืื™ืŸ ืฆืจ 
ื’ืขื ืึทื ื’ืขืŸ ืฆื• ื“ืขืจ ืฉืึทืคืข ืื•ืŸ ื”ืึธื˜ ื–ื™ืš ื ืขื”ื™ื™ืกืขืŸ ื’ืขื‘ืขืŸ ืึท ื ื•ืžืขืจ 
, ื‘ืขืกืืจืื‘ืขืฅ". ืฆื•ืœื™ืขื‘ ืฐืึธืก, ?ืžืฉ?5? ืืคืฉืจ ืฆื•ืœื™ืขื‘ ื“ืขื ืื™" 
ื’ืขื ืขื ื˜ืขื, ืฐืึธืก ืขืจ ื”ืึธื˜ ื–ื™ืš ื’ืขื”ื™ื™ืกืขืŸ ื“ืขืจืœืึทื ื’ืขืŸ ืจืึทืกืขืก ? ืื•ืŸ 
ืืคืฉืจ ื”ืึธื˜ ืขืจ ื˜ืึทืงื™ ื’ืขืฐืืœื˜ ื–ืขื”ืขืŸ, ืฐืึธืก ืฉืจื™ื™ื‘ื˜ ืขืคึผื™ื˜ ืึทื–ื 
ื‘ืœื‘ ืฉื‘ื›ืœื‘ื™ื ื•ื•ืขื ืขืŸ ืื™ื“ืขืŸ ? ืก'ืื™ื– ืึท ืกื‘ืจื”, ื–ืึธื’ื˜ ืžืขืŸ, ืึทื– ื“ืึธืก 
ืจื•ื‘ ืื ื˜ื™ืกืขืžื™ื˜ื™ืฉืข ื‘ืœืขื˜ืขืจ ืœื™ื™ืขื ืขืŸ ืกืขืžื™ื˜ืขืŸ, ื“ืึธืก ื”ื™ื™ืกื˜, ืžื™ืจ 
ืึทืœื™ื™ืŸ ื˜ืึทืงื™ ืžื™ื ืื•ื ื–ืขืจ ื›ื‘ื•ื“.. ื“ื™ ื‘ืขืœื™-ื‘ืชื™ื ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื‘ืœืขื˜ืขืจ 
ื•ื•ื™ื™ืกืขืŸ ื“ืึธืก ื’ืึทื ืฅ ื’ื•ื˜ ืื•ืŸ ื’ืขื”ืขืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ื“ืขื ื’ืึทื ื’, ืึทื– ,ื“ืขืจ ืื™ื“ 
ืื™ื– ื˜ืจื™ืคื” ืื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ื’ืจืึทืฉืขืŸ ืื™ื– ื›ืฉืจ"... 

ื‘ืงื™ืฆื•ืจ, ืื•ื ื–ืขืจ ืžืึทืงื˜ ื”ืึธื˜ ื’ืขื”ื˜ื ื“ืขืœื˜ ื ื ื•ืžืขืจ ,ื‘ืขืกื˜- 
ืจืื‘ืขืฅ", ืืจื™ื™ื ื’ืขื ืื ื’ืขืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ืื™ื”ื ืื™ืŸ ื•ืึทื ืึธืŸ ืึทืจืฒืŸ, ืื•ื™ืกื’ืขืฆื•ื™ื’ืขืŸ 
ื–ื™ืš ืื™ื‘ืขืจ ื“ืขืจ ื‘ืื ืง ืื•ืŸ ืื™ื‘ืขืจื’ืขื“ืขืกื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืžื™ื˜'ืŸ ื‘ืœืึทื˜, ืฐื™ ืžืข . 
ื“ืขืงื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืื™ื‘ืขืจ, 5ืžืฉ?, ืžื™ื˜ ืึท ืงืึธืœื“ืจืข ืึธื“ืขืจ ืžื™ื˜ ื ืคึทึผืœืขื“, ืื•ืŸ 
ื‘ืฉืขืช ืžืขืฉื” ืื™ื– ืื™ื”ื ื“ื•ืจื‘ื’ืขืคืœื•ื™ื’ืขืŸ ื ืžื—ืฉื‘ื” : 


ืฆื•ื•ื•ื• ืึทื ื˜ื™ืกืขืžื™ื˜ืขืŸ 155 


! ,ืฐืึธืก ืฐืขื˜ ื–ื™ืš, ืืฉื˜ื™ื™ื’ืขืจ, ืงืœืขื”ืจืขืŸ ื ืื™ืจ, ืœืžืฉืœ, ืึทื– ืขืจ 
ื•ื•ืขื˜ ืฆื•ื’ืขื”ืŸ ืื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจื–ืขื”ืขืŸ ื˜ ืžืขื ืฉืขืŸ ืœื™ื ืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืกื’ืขืฆื•ื™ื’ืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ 
ืื™ื‘ืขืจื’ืขื“ืขืงื˜ ืžื™ื˜ ืึท , ื‘ืขืกืึทืจืึทื‘ืขืฅ?? ื’ืขื•ื•ื™ืก ืฐืขื˜ ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ืงื™ื™ื ืขื 
ื ื™ื˜ ืงื•ืžืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื™ ื’ืขื“ืื ืงืขืŸ, ืึทื– ื“ืึธ ืœื™ื’ื ื ืื™ื“.. ื ืื™ื“ืขืข, 
ื›ืœืขื‘ืขืŸ, ื ื˜ื”ื™ื™ืขืจ ืžื™ื˜ืขืœ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืคึผื˜ื•ืจ ืฆื• ื•ืฐื•ืขืจืขืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ืื™ื“ืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ 
ื‘ืœื™ื™ื‘ืขืŸ ืืงืขื ืขืŸ ื ืื›ื˜ ืื•ื™ืกื’ืขืฆื•ื™ื ืขืŸ ืื™ื™ื ืขืจ ืืœื™ื™ืŸ, ืฐื™ ื ืฉืจืจื”, 
ืื•ื™ืฃ ื ื’ืื ืฆืขืจ ื‘ืื ืง .. 


ืึทื–ืฑ ื”ืึธื˜ ื–ื™ืš ื’ืขื˜ืจืึทื›ื˜ ืื•ื ื–ืขืจ ื”ืขืœื“, ืื•ืŸ ื‘ื›ื“ื™ ืก'ื–ืึธืœ ืฉื•ื™ืŸ 
ื˜ืืกืงื™ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ืŸ-ืึธื“ื ื ื™ื˜ ื•ื•ื™ืกืขืŸ, ื•ื•ืขืจ ื“ืึธ ืœื™ื’ื˜, ื”ืึธื˜ ืขืจ ื–ื™ืš ืื™ื‘ืขืฃ" 
ื’ืขื“ืขืงื˜ ืžื™ื˜'ืŸ , ื‘ืขืกืขืจืื‘ืขืฅ? ืื™ื‘ืขืจ'ืŸ ืคึผื ื™ื, ืžืคืขืจืฉื˜ืขืœื˜ ื“ื™ ื’ืึทืŸ 
ืื•ื™ืš, ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ ืื•ื™ื’ืขืŸ, ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ ื”ืึธืจ, ืžื™ื˜'ืŸ ื’ืึทื ืฆืขืŸ ืฆืœื-ืืœืงื™ื, 
ืื•ืŸ ืขืจ ื”ืึธื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืคืึทืจื ืขืฉื˜ืขืœื˜ 6 ื‘ื™ืœื“, ืฐื™ ืึทื–ืฑ ื‘ื™ื™ื ืื›ื˜ ืงืจื™ืžื˜ 
ื ืื™ืจ ืžื™ื˜ ื ืกืš ืคึผืขืงืœืขืš ืื™ืŸ ืฐื˜ื ืึธืŸ ืืจื™ื™ืŸ, ื–ื•ื›ื ื ืขื‘ืืš ืื™ื™ืŸ 
ืึธืจื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืฆื• ื–ืขืฆืขืŸ ื–ื™ืš, ื“ืขืจื–ืขื—ื˜ ืขืจ, ืขืก ืœื™ื’ื˜ ืึท ืคึผืึทืจืฉื•ื™ืŸ ืžื™ื 
ื ื ื•ืžืขืจ , ื‘ืขืคืขืจืึทื‘ืขืฅ? ืื™ื‘ืขืจื’ืขื“ืขืงื˜ --- ื’ืขื•ื•ื™ืก ื ืžืคืจื™ืฅ, ืื•ืŸ 
ื’ืขื•ื•ื™ืก ื ืจืฉืข ืื™ื™ืŸ ืื ื˜ื™ื˜ืขืžื™ื˜, ืื•ืŸ ืืคืฉืจ ื˜ืืงื™ ืงืจื•ืฉืขื•ืืŸ 
ืืœื™ื™ืŸ --- ืฉืคึผืจื™ื ื ื˜ ืขืจ ืื•ื“ืื™ ื ืขื‘ืืš ืึดืคึผ, ื“ืขืจ ืื™ื“ ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ ืคึผืขืงืœืขืš, 
ืฉืคึผื™ื™ื˜-ืื•ื™ื ื“ืจื™ื™ ืžืึธืœ, ืื•ืŸ ืขืจ, ืžืืงืก, ื‘ืœื™ื™ื‘ื˜ ืฉืืœื™ื™ืŸ, ืื™ื™ื ืขืฃ 
ืืœื™ื™ืŸ, ืฐื™ ื ื ืจืืฃ, ืื™ื‘ืขืจ ื“ืขืจ ื’ืึทื ืฆืขืจ ื‘ืึทื ืก. ื—ื -ื—ืื™ื—ื, ื›ืœืข" 
ื‘ืขืŸ, ื ื˜ื”ื™ื™ืขืจ ืžื™ื˜ืขืœ, ื ืึธืš ื‘ืขืกืขืจ ืฐื™ ื ืžืขื ืฉ ื–ืึธืœ ืคึผืœื•ืฆื™ื ืื™ืŸ 
ืฐืึทื’ืึธืŸ ื›ืขืงื•ืžืขืŸ ื“ื™ ื”ืึธืœืขืจืข |.. 


ื“ืขืจ ื“ืึธื–ื™ื ืขืจ 9ื˜ืŸ ื’ืขืคืขืœื˜ ืื•ื ื–ืขืจ ืกืžื˜ืงื˜ืขืŸ ืึทื–ืฑ ืฉื˜ืืจืง, ืื• 
ืœื™ื’ืขื ื“ื™ื’ ืื•ื ื˜ืขืจ'ืŸ โ€ ื‘ืขืกื˜ืจืื‘ืขืฅ", ืฆืขืœืึทื›ื˜ ืขืจ ื–ื™ืš ืื–ืฉ, ืื•ืŸ 8 
ืžืขื ืฉ, ื“ืืจืคื˜ ืื™ื”ืจ ื•ื•ื™ืกืขืŸ, ืึทื– ืขืจ ื”ืึธื˜ ืื™ื‘ืขืจื ืขื‘ื™ืกืขืŸ, ืžืขืจ- 
ื˜ืจื•ื ืงืขืŸ ืžื™ื ื ื ืœืขื–ืขืœ ื‘ื™ืขืจ, ืคืขืจืจื•ื™ื›ืขืจื˜ ื ืฆื™ื’ืืจ ืื•ืŸ ืœืคื™ื ื˜ 
ืึทืงืขื ืขืŸ ื ืึทื›ื˜ ืื™ืŸ ืฐืึทื ืึธืŸ ืื™ื™ื ืขืจ ืึทืœื™ื™ืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื ื’ืื ืฆืขืจ ื‘ืื ืก, 
ืื•ื™ืกื’ืขืฆื•ื™ื ืขืŸ ื•ื™ ื ื ืจืึทืฃ, ืื™ื– ืื™ื”ื ื’ื•ื ืฆื• ืœืื›ืขืŸ.. 


ืฉืื˜, ืœืึธื– ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืฉื˜ื™ืœ, ืื•ื ื–ืขืจ ื”ืขืœืจ ืžืึทืงืก ื‘ืขืจืœื™ืื ื˜, ื“ืขืจ 
ืงืึธืžื™ืฐื•ืื™ืึทื–ืฉืขืจ, ืฐืึธืก ืคืึธื”ืจื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ืœึฟืึธื“ื– ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืžืึธืกืกืฐืข ืื•ืŸ ืคื•ืŸ 


156 ืฉืœื•ื-ืขืœื•ื ื›ื 


ืžืึธืกืงืฐืข ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืœืึธื“ื–, ืœื™ื ื˜ ืื™ื™ื ืขืจ ืึทืœื™ืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืึท ื‘ืึทื ืง, ืฆื•ื’ืขื“ืขืกื˜ 
ืžื™ื˜ ื ื ื•ืžืขืจ โ€ ื‘ืขื˜ืึทืจืื‘ืขืฅ", ืื•ืŸ ื—ืืคึผื˜ ืึท ื“ืจื™ืžืขืœ, ืœืึธืžื™ืจ ืื™ื”ื 
ื ื™ื˜ ืฉื˜ืขื”ืจืขืŸ. | 


ืฉื™ 
== 


ืžืืงื˜ ื‘ืขืจืœื™ืึทื ื˜ ืื™ื– ื˜ืึทืงื™ ื ืื™ื“ ืึท ื—ื›ื, ื ืึธืจ ื”ื™ื™ื ื˜ื™ื ื ืžืึธืœ 
ื”ืึธื˜ ืขืจ ื“ื•ืงื ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื ืขื˜ืจืึทืคืขืŸ. ืก'ืื™ืŸ ื˜ืึทืงื™ ืึทืจื™ื™ื ื’ืขืงื•ืžืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ 
ืฐืึทื’ืึธืŸ ืึท ืคึผืึทืจืฉืฑืŸ, ืึท ื’ืจืึธื‘ืขืจ, ืึท ื’ืขื–ื•ื ื“ืขืจ, ื ืคึฟืึทืจื˜ืืคืขื˜ืขืจ, ืžื™ื˜ 
ืขื˜ืœื™ื›ืข ื˜ืฉืขืžืึธื“ืื ืขืก, ืื™ืŸ ื˜ืึทืงื™ ืฆื•ื’ืขื’ืื ื’ืขืŸ ืฆื• ืžืึทืงืกืขืŸ, ื˜ืึทืงื™ 
ื‘ืขื˜ืจืึทื›ื˜ ืื™ื”ื, ื•ื™ ืขืจ ืœื™ื’ื˜ ื“ืึธืก ืื™ื‘ืขืจื ืขื“ืขืกื˜ ืžื™ื˜ ื ื ื•ืžืขืจ 
, ื›ืขืงืืจืื‘ืขืฅ", ื ืึธืจ ืขืจ ื”ืึธื˜ ื  ื™ื˜ ืืฑืคื ืขืฉืคึผื™ื ืขืŸ ื“ืจื™ื™ ืžืึธืœ ืื•ืŸ 
ืื™ื– ื’ ื™ื˜ ืึธืคึผื’ืขืฉืคึผืจื•ื ื’ืขืŸ. ืขืจ ืื™ื– ื ืึธืจ ื’ืขืฉื˜ืื ืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ ื”ืึธื˜ ื‘ืข- 
ื˜ืจืื›ื˜ ื“ืขื ื“ืึธื–ื™ื ืขืŸ ื ืคืฉ, ื“ืขื ืึทื ื˜ื™ืกืขืžื™ื˜ ืžื™ื˜ ื“ืขืจ ืกืขืžื™ื˜ื™ืฉืขืจ 
ื ืึธื–, (ื‘ืฉืขืช ืฉืœืึธืคืขืŸ ื”ืึธื˜ ื–ื™ืš ื“ืึธืก ื‘ืœืื˜ ืึท ื‘ื™ืกืขืœ ืืจืึธืคึผื ืข- 
ื’ืœื™ื˜ืฉื˜, ืื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื—ืจืคื”, ื“ื™ ื ืื– ื”ื™ื™ืกื˜ ืขืก, ื”ืึธื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืึทื ื˜ืคึผืœืขืกื˜ ืื•ืŸ 
ืืจื•ื™ืกื‘ืขื•ื•ื™ื–ืขืŸ ื‘ื™ื™ ืื•ื ื•ืขืจ ื”ืขืœื“ ืกื™ื˜ ืื™ื—ืจ ื’ืึทื ืฆืขืŸ ืคึผืจืื›ื˜ ืื•ืŸ 
ื’ืœืื ืฅ). 

ื’ืขืฉื˜ืื ืขืŸ ืขื˜ืœื™ื ื›ืข ืกืžื™ื ื•ื˜ ืกื™ื˜ ื ืฉืžื™ื™ื›ืขืœ ืื™ืฃ ื“ื™ ืœื™ืคืขืŸ 
ืื•ืŸ ืึทืฐืขืงื’ืขืœืขื ื˜ ื“ื™ ื˜ืฉืขืžืึธื“ืึทื ืขืก ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ืขืจ ืฆื•ื•ื™ื™ื˜ืขืจ ื‘ืื ืง, 
ืฐืึธืก ื˜ืงืขื ืขืŸ ืžืึทืงืกื˜ืขืŸ, ื—ืึธื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืื•ื ื–ืขืจ ื ื™ื™ืขืจ ืคืืจืฉื•ื™ืŸ ืฉืจื•ื™ืกื ืข- 
ื—ืึทืคึผื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื ืคึผืึธืจ ืžื™ื ื•ื˜ ืื•ื™ืคืŸ ืฐืึทืงื–ืืœ, ืืจื™ื™ื ื ืขืกื•ืžืขืŸ ืฆื•ืจื™ืง 
ืื•ื™ืš ืžื™ื ืึท ื ื•ืžืขืจ , ื‘ืขืคืึทื•ืึทื‘ืขืฅ", ืื•ื™ืคื’ืขื‘ื•ื ื“ืขืŸ ื ื˜ืฉืขืžืึธื“ืึทืŸ, 
ืืจื•ื™ืกื‘ืขืกื•ืžืขืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืึธืจื˜ืขืŸ ืึท ืงื™ืฉืขืœืข ืžื™ื˜ ืึท ืงืึธืœื“ื•ืข, ืžื™ื˜ ืึท 
ืคึทึผืึถืจ ืฉืžื˜ืขืงืฉื™ืš, ืžื™ื˜ ืึท ืคืœืขืฉืขืœ ืึทื“ืขืกืึธืœืึธืŸ, ื–ื™ืš ื’ืขืžื˜ื›ื˜ ื ื˜ื ืฅ 
ื”ื™ื™ืžื™ืฉ, ืื•ื™ืกื’ืขืฆื•ื™ื’ืขืŸ ื–ื™ืš ืื™ื‘ืขืจ ื“ืขืจ ื‘ืึทื ืง ืื•ืŸ ืื™ื‘ืขืจื ืขื“ืขืงื˜ 
ื–ื™ืš ืžื™ื˜'ืŸ , ื›ืขืกื˜ืจื˜ื‘ืข?ืฅ", ืคื•ื ืงื˜ ื˜ึทื–ื•ื™ ืฐื•ื™ ืื•ื ื–ืขืจ ืžืึทืงืก ื‘ืขืจืœื™ืื ื˜, 
ื’ืขืœืขื’ืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ ื’ืขืจื•ื™ื›ืขืจื˜, ื’ืขืงื•ืงื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืžืึทืงืกืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ ื’ืขืฉืžื™ื™ื›ืขืœื˜, 
ืฆื•ื ืขืžืึทื›ื˜ ืคืจื™ื”ืขืจ ืื™ื™ืŸ ืื•ื™ื’, ื ืึทื›ื“ืขื ื“ืึธืก ืฉื ื“ืขืจืข, ืึทื ื’ืขื”ื•ื™ื‘ืขืŸ 
ืคึผืึทืฐื•ืึธืœื™ื ืงืข ื“ืจื™ืžืœืขืŸ. 


ืฆื•ื•ื™ื• ืึทื ืคื•ืกืขืžื•ื˜ืขืŸ 157 


ืžื™ืจ ืœืึธื–ืขืŸ ืฉืœืึธืคืขืŸ ืื•ื ื–ืขืจืข ื‘ื™ื™ื“ืข , ื›ืขืกืฉืจืื‘ืฆืขืก", ืึท ื”ืื ืง 
ืงืขื’ืขืŸ ืึท ื‘ืึทื ืง { ืžื™ืจ ื•ื•ื™ืœืขืŸ ื‘ืขืงืื ื˜ ืžืึทื›ืขืŸ ื“ืขื ืœืขื–ืขืจ ืžื™ื ื“ืขื 
ืฆื•ื•ื™ื™ื˜ืขืŸ ืคึผืขึทืจืฉื•ึนื™ืŸ, ื•ื•ืขื“ ืขืจ ืื™ื• ืื•ืŸ ื•ื•ื ืก ืขืจ ืื™. 


ืขืจ ืื™ื– ื ื’ืขื ืขืจืืœ.. ื ื™ื˜ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ื ืขื ืขืจืืœ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืžืœื—ืžื” 
ืื•ืŸ ื ื™ื˜ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ื’ืขื’ืขืจืึทืœ-ื ื•ื‘ืขืจื ืึทื˜ืึธืจ, ื ืึธืจ 8 ื’ืขื’ืขืจืึทืค-ืื™ื ืกืคึผืขืงื˜ืึธืจ, 
ืื™ื™ืŸ ืื’ืขื ื˜, ื”ื™ื™ืกื˜ ื“ืึธืก, ืคื•ืŸ ื ื’ืขื–ืขืœืฉืืคื˜. ื”ื™ื™ืกืขืŸ ื”ื™ื™ืกื˜ ืขืจ 
ื ื’ื™ืขื ื˜ ืฉื™ ืง, ื“ืขืจ ื ืึธืžืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ื ืขืจ ืื™ืŸ ื—ื™ื™ื, ื ืึธืจ ืฉืจื™ื™ื‘ื›ืขืŸ 
ืฉืจื™ื™ื‘ื˜ ืขืจ ื–ื™ืš ืึทืœื‘ืขืจื˜, ืื•ืŸ ืจื•ืคืขืŸ ืจื•ืคื˜ ืžืขืŸ ืื™ื”ื ืคึผืขื˜ื™. 


ืื™ืŸ ืคืœื•ื’, ืกื•ืžื˜ ื“ืึธืš ืื•ื™ืก ืืคื™ืœ ืึท ื‘ื™ื˜ืขืœ ื•ื•ื™ืœื“ืœื™ืš : ืžื™ืœื, 
ืื– ืคื•ืŸ ื—ื™ื™ื ื•ืื›ืกื˜-ืื•ื™ืก ืึตื™ื™ืŸ ืึทืœื›ืขืจื˜ -- ืคืขืจืฉื˜ืขื—ื˜ ื–ื™ืš ื ืึธืš ; 
ืฐืึธืจื•ื ืœืžืื™ ืฐื•ื•ื™ ืึทื–ืฑื™ ื•ื•ืขืจื“ ื‘ื™ื™ ืื•ื ืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื•ื•ืขืœื•ื•ืขืœ ,ืฐืœืื“ื™ื˜ื™ืจ", 
ืคื•ืŸ ื™ืฉืจื? โ€ ืื™ืกื™ื“ืึธืจ? ืื•ืŸ ืคื•ึนืŸ ืื‘ืจื—ื , ืื•ืืงื•ื"? ื ืึธืจ ื•ื™ ืึทืฐื™ 
ืื™ื– ื“ืึธืก ื’ืขืฐืึธืจืขืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื—ื™ื™ื , ืคึผืขื˜ื™"? ืžื•ื– ืžืขืŸ ื–ื™ืš, ืืœื–ื, ืืจื™ื™ื - 
?ืื–ืขืŸ ืึท ื‘ื™ืกืขืœ? ืื™ืŸ ื—ืงื™ืจื”, ื–ื™ืš ืคืขืจื˜ื™ืขืžืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื—ื›ืžืช ื—ืœืฉื•ืŸ ืื•ืŸ 
ื’ืขื”ืŸ ืžื™ื˜'ืŸ ืฉื›ืœ-ื”ื™ืฉืจ : ืจืืฉื™ืช ื—ื›ืžื—, ื•ืึทืจื˜ืขืŸ ืžื™ืจ ืึทืจืฑืก ื“ื™ 
ื—ื™ืช ืคื•ื 'ื ,ื—ื™ื™ื". ื ืึธื›ื“ืขื ื‘ืขื˜ืขืŸ ืžื™ืจ ืžื—ื™ืœื— ื“ื™ ืฆื•ื•ื™ื™ , ื™ื•ืš'ืขืŸ" 
ืžื™ื˜ ื“ืขืจ ,ืžื? -- ื‘ืœื™ื™ื‘ื˜ ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ื ืึธืจ ืื™ื‘ืขืจ ื“ื™ ,ืืœืฃ" ืึทืœืฒืŸ. 
ืฉื˜ืขืœืขืŸ ืžื™ืจ ืฆื• ืฆื• ื“ืขืจ ,ื˜ืœืฃ" ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืžืขื—ืจ ื•ื™ ื , ืœืžื“" ืžื™ื˜ ื 
ื‘ื™ืช" ืžื™ื˜ ืื™ื™ืŸ ,ืขื™ืŸ" ืžื™ื˜ 8 ,ืจื™ืฉ" ืžื™ื˜ ืึท , ื˜ื™ืช" --- ืžืึทื›ื˜ ื“ืึธืก 
ื’ื™ื˜ ืึทืœื‘ืขืจื˜ 4 ื ื•, ืื•ืŸ ืคื•ึนืŸ ืึทืœื‘ืขืจื˜ ื•ื•ืขืจื“ ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ื‘ืžื™ืœื ืืœื‘ืขืจื˜ื™, 
ื‘ืขืจื˜ื™, ื‘ืขื˜ื™, ืคึผืขื˜ื™, 1ืกืžื˜ืž1 810118 +81ืž1:8 816 --- ืึธื˜ ืึทื–ื•ึนื™, 
ื”ื™ื™ืกื˜ ื“ืึธืก, ื•ื•ืขืจื“ ืคื•ืŸ ืึท ืงืึทื˜ืฉืงืข ืึทื™ื™ืŸ ืื™ื ื“ื™ืง, 


ื‘ืงื™ืฆื•ืจ, ืื•ื ื–ืขืจ ืคึผืึทืจืฉืฑืŸ ื—ื™ื™ืกื˜ ืคึผืขื˜ื™ ื ื™ืขืžื˜ืฉื™ืง ืื” 
ืื™ื– ืึท ื’ืขื ื’ืขืจืึทืœ-ืื™ื ืกืคึผืขืงื˜ืึธืจ ืื•ืŸ ืคืึธื”ืจื˜-ืื•ื™ืก ื“ื™ ื•ื•ืขืœื˜, ืฐื™ ืžืึทืงืก 
ื‘ืขืจืœื™ืึทื ื˜ ; ื ืึธืจ ืขืจ ืื™ื– ื›ื˜ื‘ืข ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ื ืึธืจ ืึตื™ื™ืŸ ืึทื ื“ืขืจ ืคื™ืŸ ื ืคืฉ: 
ืึท ืœืขื‘ืขื“ื™ื’ืขืจ, ืึท ืคืจื™ื™ืœื™ื›ืขืจ, ื ื‘ืขืจืขื“ืขื•ื•ื“ื™ื ืขืจ. ืื•ืŸ ื”ืึธื˜ืฉ ืขืจ 
ื”ื™ื™ืกื˜ ืคึผืขื˜ื™ ืื•ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื ื’ืขื ืขืจืึทืœืื™ื ืกืคึผืขืงื˜ืึธืจ, ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขืกื˜ื•ื•ืขื ืขืŸ 
ืื™ื– ืขืจ ืึท ืื™ื“ ื’ืœื™ื™ืš ืžื™ื˜ ืึทืœืข ืื™ื“ืขืŸ, ืื•ืŸ ื”ืึธื˜ ืœื™ืขื‘ ื ืื™ืจืขืŸ, 
ืœื™ืขื‘ ืฆื• ื“ืขืจืฆืขื—ืœืขืŸ ืžืขืฉื™ื•ืช ืื•ืŸ ืื ืขืงื“ืื˜ืขืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ืื™ื“ืขื•. 


158 ืฉืœื•ื-ืขืœื•ื›ื 


ืคึผืขื˜ื™ ื ื™ืขืžื˜ืฉื™ืง ืžื™ื˜ ื–ื™ื™ื ืข ืึทื ืขืงื“ืึธื˜ืขืŸ ื”ืึธื˜ ืึท ืฉื ืื•ื™ืฃ 
ื“ืขืจ ื•ื•ืขืœื˜. ืื™ื™ืŸ ืฉื˜ื™ืงืขืœ ื—ืคืจื•ืŸ, ืฐืึธืก ื•ื•ืื• ืขืจื’ื™ืฅ ืึตื™ื™ืŸ ืื ืขืง- 
ื“ืึธื˜, ื”ืึธื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืขืก, ื–ืึธื ื˜ ืขืจ, ื’ืขื˜ืจืึทื˜ืขืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ืื™ื”ื ืึทืœึตื™ื™ืŸ ื˜ืึทืงื™, 
ืื•ืŸ ื‘ืฉืขืช ืžืขืฉื” ืฉื•ื•ืขื”ืจื˜ ืขืจ ืึทื™ื™ืš ืึดืคึผ ืžื™ื˜ ื›ืœ ื”ืฉื‘ื•ืขื•ืช ืฉื‘ืขื•ืœื, 
ืื•ืŸ ืืœืข ืžืึธืœ ื˜ืจืขืคื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืžื™ื˜ ืื™ื”ื ื“ืขืจ ืึทื ืขืงื“ืึธื˜ ืื™ืŸ ืื™ืŸ 
ืึทื ื“ืขืจ ืึธืจื˜; ืขืจ ืคืขืจื’ืขืกื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ืื™ื™ืŸ ืžืึธืœ ืฆื•ื ืึทื ื“ืขืจืขืŸ. 7" 
ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช, ืึทื– ืคึผืขื˜ื™ ื ื™ืขืžื˜ืฉื™ืง, ื“ืขืจ ื’ืขื ืขืจืืœ-ืื™ื ืกืคึผืขืงื˜ืึธืจ, ืื™ื– 
8 ื‘ื™ื˜ืขืœ ื’ืขื—ืึทืคึผื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ืขืจ ืขื‘ืจื™, ื“ืึธืก ื”ื™ื™ืกื˜, ืขืจ ืื™ื– ืึท ืฉื˜ื™ืงืข? 
ื‘ืขืœ-ืžื ื–ื, ืึธื“ืขืจ, ื•ื™ ืžืข ืจื•ืคื˜ ื“ืึธืกื ืื™ืŸ ืื•ื ื–ืขืจืข ืงืึทื ื˜ืขืŸ, ืขืจ 
ืื™ื–, ืžื—ื™ืœื”, ื ืœื™ื ื ืขืจ. ื”ืึธื˜ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืคืึทืจืื™ื‘ืขืœ ื ื™ืฉื˜, ืฐืึธืก ืžื™ืจ 
ื“ืจื™ืงืขืŸ ื–ื™ืš ืื•ื™ืก ืึทื–ืฑ ื’ืจืึธื‘; ืขืก ืฐืึธืœื˜, ืื™ื™ื ืขื ื˜ืœื™ืš, ื’ืขื•ืขืŸ 
ื’ืขื ื•ื’, ืžื™ืจ ื–ืึธืœืขืŸ ื–ืึธื ืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืื™ื”ื, ืึทื–ืŸ ืขืจ ืื™ืŸ ืื™ื™ืŸ ืื’ืขื ื˜, ืื•ืŸ 
ืฐืึธืก ืึตื™ื™ืŸ ืึทื’ืขื ื˜ ืื™ื– --- ื•ื•ื™ื™ืกื˜ ืื™ื”ืจ ื“ืึธืš ืึทืœื™ื™ืŸ... 


ืึทืจื™ื™ื ื’ืขืงื•ืžืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืฐืึทื ืึธืŸ ืื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจื–ืขื”ืขืŸ ืื•ื ื–ืขืจ ืžืึทืงืก ื‘ืขืจ- 
ืœื™ืึทื ื˜ ืœื™ื’ืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืกื’ืขืฆื•ื™ื’ืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ืขืจ ื‘ืึทื ืง, ืื™ื‘ืขืจื’ืขื“ืขืกื˜ ืžื™ื˜ 
ืึท ื ื•ืžืขืจ , ื‘ืขืกืึทืจืึทื‘ืขืฅ?, ืื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจืงืขื ื˜ ื ืึธืš ื“ืขืจ ื ืึธื–, ืื– ื“ืขืจ 
ืคึผืึทืจืฉืฑื™ืŸ ืื™ื– ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืฉื•ื ืžื—ื•ืชืŸ ื ื™ื˜ ืžื™ื˜ ืงืจื•ืฉืขื•ืื ืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืžื™ื˜ 
ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืฉืขื ืขื , ื‘ืขืกืึทืจืื‘ืขืฅ?, ืื™ื– ื“ื™ ืขืจืฉื˜ืข ืžื—ืฉื‘ื” ื–ืฒึทื ืข ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ : 


--- ืึตื™ื™ืŸ ื˜ื ืขืงื“ืึธื˜ !... ืึท ื ื™ื™ืขืจ ืึทื ืขืงื“ืึธื˜ !... ืขืจ ื•ืฐื•ืขื˜ ืฉื•ื™ืŸ 
ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ, ืžื™ื˜ ื ืึธื˜'ืก ื”ื™ืœืฃ, ืฐืึธืก ืฆื• ื“ืขืจืฆืขื”ืœืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจืฆืขื”ืœืขืŸ! 

ืื•ืŸ ืคึผืขื˜ื™ ื ื™ืขืกืžื˜ืฉื™ืง ื”ืึธื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืึทืจืึธืคึผื ืขื—ืึทืคึผื˜ ืื•ื™ืค'ืŸ ื•ืึธืง- 
ื–ืึทืœ, ื”ืึธื˜ ื–ื™ืš ื‘ืขืฐืึทื”ืจืขื ื˜ ืื•ื™ืš ืžื™ื˜ ื ื ื•ืžืขืจ , ื‘ืขืกืึทืจืึทื‘ืขืฅ" 
ืื•ืŸ ื”ืึธื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืึทืฐืขืงื’ืขืœืขื’ื˜ ืึทืงืขื’ืขืŸ ืžืึทืงืกืขืŸ -- ื–ืขืฐื–ืขืŸ ืฐืึธืก ืฐื•ืขื˜ 
ื“ืึธ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ? --- ืื•ืŸ ืื™ื– ืื•ื™ืš ืึทื ืฉืœืึธืคืขืŸ ื’ืขืฐืึธืจืขืŸ.. 


ืึทืฆื™ื ื“ ืœืึธื–ืขืŸ ืžื™ืจ ืื™ื‘ืขืจ ื“ืขื , ื‘ืขืกืืจืึทื‘ืขืฅ" ื ื•ืžืขืจ ืฆื•ื•ื™ื™, 
ื“ืึธืก ื”ื™ื™ืกื˜, ื“ืขื ื’ืขื ืขืจืึทืœ-ืื™ื ืกืคึผืขืงื˜ืึธืจ ืคึผืขื˜ื™ ื ื™ืขืžื˜ืฉื™ืง, ืื•ืŸ 
ืงืขื”ืจืขืŸ ื–ื™ืš ืื•ื ืฆื•ืจื™ืง ืฆื•ื , ื‘ืขืกืึทืจืึทื‘ืขืฅ" ื ื•ืžืขืจ ืื™ื™ื ืก, ื“ืึธืก 
ื”ื™ื™ืกื˜, ืฆื•ื ืกืึธืžื™ืฐืื™ืึทื–ืฉืขืจ ืžืึทืกืก ื‘ืขืจืœื™ืื ื˜, 


ืฆื•ื•ื•ื• ืึทื ื˜ื•ืกืขืžื™ื˜ืขืŸ 109 
1 


ืžืึทืงืก ื‘ืขืจืœื™ืึทื ื˜ ื”ืึธื˜ ื’ืขื”ืึธื˜ ื ืฉื•ืขืจืข ื ืึทื›ื˜.. ืึทืคึผื ื™ื, 
ืขืก ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืื™ื”ื ื’ืขืจืขื“ื˜ ื“ื™ ืžืื›ืœื™ื, ืฐืึธืก ืขืจ ื”ืึธื˜ ื’ืขื”ืืคึผื˜ 
ืื•ื™ืค'ืŸ ืฐืึธืงื–ืึทืœ, ืžื—ืžืช ืขืก ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ ื–ื™ืš ืื™ื—ื ื’ืขืžืœืึทื ื˜ืขื˜ ืžืฉื•ื ื—- 
ืžืึธื“ื’ืข ื•ื•ื™ืœื“ืข ื—ืœื•ืžื•ืช. ืœืžืฉืœ, ืขืก ื”ืึธื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืื™ื”ื ื’ืขื“ืึทื›ื˜, ืื– 
ืขืจ ืื™ื– ื ื™ื˜ ืžืึทืงืก ื‘ืขืจืœื™ืึทื ื˜ -- ืึทื– ืขืจ ืื™ื– ื’ืึธืจ ืงืจื•ืฉืขื•ื•ืืŸ, ื“ืขืจ 
ืจืขื“ืึทืงื˜ืึธืจ ืคื•ื 'ื , ื‘ืขืกืึทืจืึทื‘ืขืฅ?, ืื•ืŸ ืึทื– ืขืจ ืคืึธื”ืจื˜ ื ึดื™ื˜ ืื™ืŸ 
ืฐืึทื’ืึธืŸ, ื ืึธืจ ืจื™ื™ื˜ืขื ื“ื™ื’ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืึท ื“ื‘ืจ-ืื—ืจ, ืื•ืŸ ืึท ืจืึทืง, ื ืจื•ื™ื˜ืขืจ 
ืจืึทืง, ื ื’ืขืงืึธื›ื˜ืขืจ, ื•ื™ื ืงื˜ ืฆื•ึน ืื™ื”ื ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ ื”ืขืจื ืขืจ, ืื•ืŸ ืขืก 
ืฐืขืจืก ื–ื™ืš ืคื•ืŸ ืขืจื’ื™ืฅ ื ื’ืขืฐื™ื™ืŸ: ,ืงื™-ืฉื™-ื ืขื•ื•!'.. ืื•ืŸ ืฐื™ 
ืขืคึผื™ืก ืึท ืฐื•ื™ื ื˜ืขืœ ื‘ืœืึธื–ื˜ ืื™ื”ื ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืื•ื™ื”ืขืจืขืŸ, ืื•ืŸ ืขืจ ื”ืขืจื˜ ื 
ืฉืขืœืขืฉื˜ืฉืขืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื‘ืœืขื˜ืขืจ ืึธื“ืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ื•ื•ื™ื™ื‘ืขืจืฉืข ืงืœื™ื™ื“ืœืขืš, ืื•ืŸ 
ืขืจ ื•ื•ื™ืœ ืขืคืขื ืขืŸ ืึทื™ื™ืŸ ืื•ื™ื’ ืื•ืŸ ืงืึธืŸ ื ื™ื˜, ืื•ืŸ ืขืจ ื˜ืึทืคึผื˜ ื–ื™ืš ื‘ื™ื™ ื“ืขืจ 
ื ืึธืŸ -- ื ื™ืฉื˜ืึธ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ื’ืึธื–, ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืกื™ืžืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ื ืึธืŸ; ืื•ื™ืค'ืŸ ืึธืจื˜ 
ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ื ืึธืŸ ื˜ืึทืคึผื˜ ืขืจ ืึธืŸ ืฉ ,ื‘ืขืกืืจืื‘ืขืฅ/, ืื•ืŸ ืขืจ ื•ื™ื™ืกื˜ 
ื ื™ื ื•ืื• ืขืจ ืื™ืŸ. ืขืจ ื•ืœ ื–ื™ืš ืจื™ื”ืจืขืŸ ืื•ึนืŸ ืงืึธืŸ ื ื™ืฉื˜. ืขืจ 
ืคื™ื—ืœื˜, ืึทื– ื“ืึธืก ืื™ื– ื ื—ืœื•ื, ื ืึธืจ ืขืจ ืงืึธืŸ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื’ื•ื‘ืจ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื“ืขื 
ืฉืœืึธืฃ, ืขืจ ืงืึธืŸ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื’ืขืฐืขืœื˜ื™ื’ืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื–ื™ืš, ืขืจ ืงืึธืŸ ื ื™ืฉื˜! 
ืขืจ ืœื™ื ื˜ ืื•ืŸ ืœื™ื™ื“ื˜ ื ืขื‘ืืš ื’ืจื•ื™ืกืข ื™ืกื•ืจื™ื, ืขืจ ืื™ื– ื•ื™ ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ 
ื—ื™ื ื”ืขืจ-ืคึผืœืขื˜. ืขืจ ืคื™ื”ืœื˜, ืึทื– ืขืก ื’ืขื”ืขืŸ ืื™ืชื ืื•ื™ืก ื“ื™ ื›ื—ื•ืช. 
ื ืขืžื˜ ืขืจ ื–ื™ืš ืึธืŸ ืžื™ื˜'ืŸ ืœืขืฆื˜ืขืŸ ื‘ื™ืกืข? ืงืจืึทืคื˜ ืื•ืŸ ืœืึทื–ื˜-ืึทืจืฑื˜ 
ืึท ืฉื˜ื™ืœืขืŸ ืงืจืขื›ืฅ, ืฐืึธืก ื ืึธืจ ืขืจ ืืœื™ื™ืŸ ืงืึธืŸ ืื™ื”ื ื”ืึธืจื›ืขืŸ, ืื•ืŸ 
ืขืคืขื ื˜-ืื•ื™ืฃ ื ืฉื˜ื™ืงืขืœ ืื•ื™ื’, ืงื•ึนื™ื-ืงื•ื™ื ืฐืึธืก ืขืจ ื–ืขื”ื˜, ืื•ืŸ 
ืขืจ ื“ืขืจื•ืขื”ื˜ ืึท ืฉื˜ืจืึธื”ืค ืคื•ืŸ ืึท ืœื™ื›ื˜ ืื•ืŸ ื ื ืขืฉื˜ืึทืœื˜ ืคื•ืŸ 8 
ืžืขื ืฉืขืŸ, ืฐืึธื˜ ืœื™ื ื˜ ืื•ื™ืกื’ืขืฆื•ื™ื’ืขืŸ ืึทืงืขื ืขืŸ ืื™ื”ื, ืื•ื™ืš ืื™ื™ื ืขืจ 
ื˜ืœื™ื™ืŸ, ืฐื™ ืขืจ, ืื•ื™ืฃ ืึท ื’ืึทื ืฆืขืจ ื‘ืึทื ืง, ืื•ึนืŸ ืื•ื™ืš ืื™ื‘ืขืจื’ืขื“ืขืงื˜, 
ืฐื™ ืขืจ, ืžื™ื˜ ืึท ื ื•ืžืขืจ ,ื‘ืขืกืึทืจืึทื‘ืขืฅ/, -- ืื•ืŸ ืื•ื ื–ืขืจ ืžืืงืก 
ื•ื•ืขืจื“ ื ื‘ื”ืœ ื•ื ืฉืชื•ืžื: ืขืก ืžืึธื”ืœื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืื™ื”ื ืื•ื™ืก, ืึทืŸ ื“ืึธืก 
ื–ืขื”ื˜ ืขืจ ื˜ืึทืงื™ ื–ื™ืš ืึทืœื™ื™ืŸ ืื•ื™ืกื’ืขืฆื•ื™ื ืขืŸ ืืฑื™ืฃ ื™ืขื ืขืจ ื‘ืึทื ืง, ืื•ืŸ 


100 ืฉืœื•ื-ืขืœื•ื‘ื) 


ืขืจ ืงืึธืŸ ื‘ืฉื•ื ืื•ืคืŸ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืคืขืจืฉื˜ืขื”ืŸ ื“ืขื ืฉื›ืœ, ืฐื™ ืงื•ืžื˜ ืขืจ, 
ืžืึทืงืก, ืึทื”ื™ืŸ, ืื•ื™ืฃ ื™ืขื ืขืจ ื‘ืึทื ืง? ืื•ืŸ ื•ื™ ืึทื–ืฑ ื–ืขื”ื˜ ื“ืึธื ืึท 
ืžืขื ืฉ ื–ื™ืš ืึทืœึตื™ื™ืŸ ืึธื”ืŸ ืึท ืฉืคึผื™ืขื’ืข??... ืขืจ ืคื™ื”ืœื˜, ืึทืŸ ืื™ื™ื ืฆื•ื’- 
ื•ื•ื™ื™ื– ืฉื˜ืขืœืขืŸ ื–ื™ืš ืื™ื”ื ื“ื™ ื”ืึธืจ ืงืึทืคึผืฑืจ.. 

ื‘ื™ืกืœืขื›ื•ื•ื™ื™ื–, ื‘ื™ืกืœืขื›ื•ื•ื™ื™ื– ื”ื•ื™ื‘ื˜-ืึธืŸ ืื•ื ื–ืขืจ ืžืืงืก ืงื•ืžืขืŸ ืฆื• 
ื“ื™ ื’ืขื“ืึทื ืงืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืคืขืจืฉื˜ืขื”ืŸ, ืึทื– ื™ืขื ืขืจ, ืฐืึธืก ืœื™ื ื˜ ื“ืืจื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ 
ื™ืขื ืขืจ ื‘ืึทื ืง, ืื™ื– ื ื™ื˜ ืขืจ, ืžืึทืงืก, ื ืึธืจ ืื™ื™ืŸ ืึทื ื“ืขืจืขืจ. ืื™ื– ืื™ื”ื 
ืึธื‘ืขืจ ืงืฉื” : ืคื•ืŸ ื•ืื ืขืŸ ื”ืึธื˜ ื–ื™ืš ื’ืขื ื•ืžืขืŸ ืึทื”ืขืจ ื“ืขืจ ื“ืึธื–ื™ื ืขืจ 
ืคึผืึทืจืฉื•ื™ืŸ, ืื•ืŸ ื’ืจืึธื“ ืึทืงืขื’ืขืŸ ืื™ื”ื, ืื•ืŸ ื’ืจืึธืจ ืžื™ื˜ ื , ื‘ืขืกืืจืึท- 
ื‘ืขืฅ""? 

ืื•ื ื–ืขืจ ื˜ืึทืงื˜ ื”ืึธื˜ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืฆื™ื™ื˜ ื ื™ื˜ ื•ืืจืžืขืŸ ื‘ื™ื– ื˜ืึธื’, ืื•ืŸ ืขื 
ื•ื•ื™ืœื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืื™ื”ื ื˜ื•ืขืคืขืŸ ื“ืึธืก ืจืขื˜ืขื ื™ืฉ ืฐืึธืก ื ื™ื›ืขืจ, ืื•ืŸ ื˜ืึทืงื™ 
ืฉื•ื™ืŸ, ืื•ืŸ ื˜ืึทืงื™ ื‘ืึทืœื“ ; ืื•ืŸ ืขืจ ื˜ื”ื•ื˜ ื–ื™ืš ื ืจื™ื—ืจ ืื•ึนืŸ ื”ื•ื™ื‘ื˜ืึธืŸ 
ืฆื• ืฉืขืœืขืฉื˜ืฉืขืŸ ืžื™ื˜'ืŸ ื‘ืœืึทื˜, ืื•ืŸ ืขืจ ื“ืขืจื”ืขืจื˜, ืึทื– ื™ืขื ืขืจ ืคึผืึทืจ- 
ืฉื•ื™ืŸ, ืฐืึธืก ืื•ื™ืฃ ื™ืขื ืขืจ ื‘ืึทื ืง, ื˜ื”ื•ื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืื•ื™ืš ืึท ื“ื™ื”ืจ ืื•ืŸ ืฉืขืœืขืฉ- 
ื˜ืฉืขื˜ ืื•ื™ืš ืžื™ื˜'ืŸ ื‘ืœืึธื˜. ื‘ืœื™ื™ื‘ื˜ ืขืจ ืฉื˜ื™? ืื•ืŸ ืงื•ืงื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืื™ื™ืŸ 
ื ืึธืš ืฉื˜ืืจืงืขืจ, ืื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจื–ืขื”ื˜, ื•ื™ ื™ืขื ืขืจ ืคึผืึทืจืฉืฑืŸ, ืฐืึธืก ืื•ื™ืฃ 
ื™ืขื ืขืจ ื‘ืึทื ืง, ืงื•ืงื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืื™ื”ื ืกื™ื˜ ืึท ื”ืึทืœื‘ืขืŸ ืฉืžื™ื™ื›ืข?. ืื•ืŸ 
ืื•ื ื–ืขืจืข ื‘ื™ื™ื“ืข , ื‘ืขืกืึทืจืึทื‘ืฆืขืก? ืœื™ื ืขืŸ ืื™ื™ื ืก ืึทืงืขื ืขืŸ ื“ืึธืก ืื " 
ื“ืขืจืข, ืื•ืŸ ืงื•ืงืขืŸ ืื™ื™ื ืก ืื•ื™ืค'ืก ืึทื ื“ืขืจืข, ืื•ืŸ ืžืข ืฉื•ื•ื™ื™ื’ื˜. ื‘ื™ื™ื“ืข 
ืื ื˜ื™ื˜ืขืžื™ื˜ืขืŸ ื—ืœืฉ'ืขืŸ, ื ืขื”ืขืŸ-ืื•ื™ืก ื•ื•ื™ืกืขืŸ, ืขืจ ืžืข ืื™ื–; ื ืึธืจ 
ืžืข ื”ืึทืœื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืึตื™ื™ืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ืึทืœึถืข ื›ื—ื•ืช ืื•ืŸ ืžืข ืฉื•ื•ื™ื™ื’ื˜. ืคืึทืœื˜ ืคึผืขื˜ื™ 
ืื•ื™ืฃ ืึท ืฉื›? ืื•ืŸ ื”ื•ื™ื‘ื˜-ืึธืŸ ืื•ื™ืกืฆื•ืคื™ื™ืคืขืŸ ืฉื˜ื™ืœืขืจื”ื™ื™ืจ ื ื‘ืข- 
ืงืึทื ื˜ืขืŸ ืื™ื“ื™ืฉืขืŸ ืžืึธื˜ื™ื•ื• ืคื•ืŸ ืึท ื‘ืขืงืึทื ื˜ ืื™ื“ื™ืฉ ืœื™ืขื“ืขืœ: 


ืื•ื™ืค'ืŸ ืคึผืจื™ืคึผืขื˜ืฉื™ืง ื‘ืจืขื ื˜ ืึท ืคื™ื™ืขืจืขืœ".. 


ืื•ืŸ ื˜ืึทืงืก ื”ืืœื˜ ืื™ื”ื ืื•ื ื˜ืขืจ ืื•ื™ืš ืฉื˜ื™ืœ? ืื•ืŸ ืื™ืš ืžื™ื 
ื ื–ื™ื™ื™ืคืขืŸ ; 


, ืื•ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืฉื˜ื•ื‘ ืื™ื– ื”ื™ื™ืก"... 


ืฆื•ื•ื™ื• ืึทื ื˜ื•ืกืขืžื•ื˜ืขืŸ 201 


ื–ืขืฆืขืŸ ื–ื™ืš ืึทืฐืขืง ืคึผืึทืฐืึธืœื™ื ืงืข ืื•ื ื–ืขืจืข ื‘ื™ื™ื“ืข ืื ื˜ื™ืกืขืžื™ื˜ืขืŸ, 
ืฐืึทืจืคืขืŸ-ืึทืจืึธืคึผ ืคื•ืŸ ื–ื™ืš ื“ื™ ,ื‘ืขืกืึทืจืึทื ืฆืขืก? ืื•ืŸ ืœืึธื–ืขืŸ-ืื•ื™ื ื‘ื™ื™ื“ืข 
ื“ืขื ื‘ืขืงืื ื˜ืขืŸ ืื™ื“ื™ืฉืขืŸ ืžืึธื˜ื™ื•ื• ืคื•ื 'ื ื‘ืขืงืึทื ื˜ืขืŸ ืื™ื“ื™ืฉืขืŸ ืคึฟื™ืข- 
ื“ืข?, ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืžื™ื ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืคืคืขืŸ, ื ืึธืจ ืžื™ื˜ ื•ื•ืขืจื˜ืขืจ ืžืžืฉ ; 

ืงื™ืจ / /8 ื 
ืื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืจื‘ื™ ืœืขื”ืจืขื ื˜ 
ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ ืงื™ื ื“ืขืจืœืขืš 
ื“ืขื ืืœืฃ-ื‘ื™ืช { 8 


ืฉืœื•ืื™ืขืœื™ื›ื ื‘ึผ. |1ืฉื 11 


ืึธืคึผื ืขืฉืœืึธื’ืขื ืข ื—ื•ืฉืขื ื•ืช 


ื’ืขืฉืจื™ื‘ึผืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื™ืึธื”ืจ 1905 


ืึธืคึผื’ืขืฉืœืึธื’ืขื ืข ื”ื•ืฉืขื ื•ืช 


ื. 
ืื™ืกืจ ื“ืขืจ ืฉืžืฉ. 


1 


ื“ืขืจืžืืŸ ืื™ืš ืžื™ืš ืึธืŸ ืื™ืกืจ ื“ืขื ืฉืžืฉ, ืฉื˜ืขืœื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืคื™ืจ ืคืึธืš 
ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืคืึทื ื˜ืื–ื™ืข ืึท ืžื™ืŸ ืืœื›ืกื ื“ืจ ืžื•ืงื“ื•ืŸ, ื ื ืึทืคึผืึทืœืขืึธืŸ ื‘ืึธื ืึท- 
ืคึผืึทืจื˜, ื•ื›ื“ื•ืžื” ืึทื–ืขืœื›ืข ื‘ื™ืœื“ืขืจ, ื ื‘ื•ืจื™ื ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ื”ื™ืกื˜ืึธืจื™ืข.. 

ืึท ืงืœื™ื™ื ื™ื’ืงื™ื™ื˜ ืื™ืกืจ ?4 ื ืžืขื ืฉ, ืฐืึธืก ืคื™ื”ืจืก ื“ื™ ื’ืื ืฆืข 
ืฉื•ื”? ืžื™ื˜ ืึทืœืข ื‘ืขืœื™-ื‘ืชื™ื ื‘ื™ื™ ื“ืขืจ ื ืึธื–. ื ืžืขื ืฉ, ืฐืึธืก ืฐืึทืœื˜ 
ื“ืึธืก ื’ืึทื ืฆืข ืฉื˜ืขื“ื˜ืข? ื‘ื™ื™ ื–ื™ืš ืื™ืŸ ื‘ื•ื–ืขื. ื ืžืขื ืฉ, ืฐืึธืก ื“ื™ืขื ื˜ 
ื‘ื™ื™ ืึทืœืขืžืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืœื˜ื™ื ื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืึทืœืขืžืขืŸ. ื ืžืขื ืฉ, ืฐืึธื˜ ืื™ืŸ 
ื™ืขื“ืขืŸ ืื•ื ื˜ืขืจืฐืึธื“ืจืคืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ ื”ืึธื˜ ืคืึทืจ ืงื™ื™ื ืขื ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืžื•ืจื ื ื™ื˜. ื 
ืžืขื ืฉ, ืฐืึธืก ื”ืึธื ืึท ื‘ื™ื™ื–ืขืŸ ืงื•ืง, ืžื•ืจื'ื“ื™ื ืข ื‘ืจืขืžืขืŸ, ื ืžืขืฉืขื ืข 
ื‘ืึธืจื“, ืึท ื’ืขื–ื•ื ื“ืขืŸ ืงื•ืœืืง ืžื™ื˜ ืึท ืœืึทื ื’ืขืŸ ืฉื˜ืขืงืขืŸ. ื ื•ืขืจื˜ืขืœืข 
ืื•ื™ืกืฆื•ืจืขื“ืขืŸ ืื™ื˜ืจ ! 

ื•ื•ืขืจ ื”ืึธื˜ ื’ืขืžืึทื›ื˜ ืื™ืกืจ'ืขืŸ ืคืึทืจ ื ืื™ืกืจ? ืคืจืขื ื˜ ืžื™ืš 
ืขืคึผื™ื˜ ื’ืจื™ื ื’ืขืจืก. ืคึฟืึทืจื”ืึทืŸ ื˜ื™ืคึผืขืŸ, ืฐืึธืก ืžืข ืงืึธืŸ ื–ื™ื™ ืึธื ืจื•ืคืขืŸ: 
ืคืขืจื’ืœื™ื•ื•ืขืจื˜ืข", , ืฉื˜ืขื”ืขื ื“ื™ื’ืข", ื“ืึธืก ื”ื™ื™ืกื˜, ืึทื–ืขืœื›ืข, ืฐืึธืก ืจื™ื”- 
ืจืขืŸ ื–ื™ืš ื ื™ื˜ ืคื•ื 'ื ืึธืจื˜: ืืก ืึทื–ืฑ ืฐื™ ืื™ื”ืจ ื”ืึธื˜ ื–ื™ื™ ื’ืขื–ืขื”ืŸ 
ื“ืึธืก ืขืจืฉื˜ืข ืžืึธืœ, ืึทื–ืฑ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ ื’ืขื‘ืœื™ื‘ืขืŸ ื•ื™ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืื™ื™ื‘ื™ื’. 

108 


ื™ื˜ 


166 | ืฉืœื•ื-ืฉืœื•ืžื˜ 


ืขืก ื•ื•ื™ื™ื–ื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืึทื™ื™ืš ืื•ื™ืก, ืึทื– ื–ื™ื™ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืชืžื™ื“ ืึทื–ื•ื™ ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ 
ื•ื•ืขืœืขืŸ ืื™ื™ื‘ื™ื’ ืึทื–ืฑ ื‘ืœื™ื™ื‘ืขืŸ, ืงื™ื ื“ื•ื•ื™ื™ื– ืคืœืขื  ืื™ืš ืžื™ืš ื ื™ื˜ ืงืึธื ืขืŸ 
ืึธืคึผืจืฒื™ืกืขืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขื ืื™ืกืจ'ืขืŸ ; ืžื™ืš ื”ืึธื˜ ืื™ื ื˜ืขืจืขืกื™ืจื˜ ืื™ื™ืŸ ื–ืืš:. 
| ื•ื™ ืึทื–ืฑื™ ืื™ื– ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ืื™ืกืจ, ื‘ืฉืขืช ืขืจ ืื™ื– ื ืึธืš ื ื™ื ื’ืขื•ืขืŸ ืงื™ื™ืŸ 
ืื™ืคืจ? ื“ืึธืก ื”ื™ื™ืกื˜, ื‘ืฉืขืช ืขืจ ื”ืึธื˜ ื ืึธืš ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื’ืขื”ืื˜ ืึถื˜ ื“ื™ 
ืžื•ืจื'ื“ื™ื’ืข ื‘ืจืขืžืขืŸ, ืึธื˜ ื“ื™ ื’ืจื•ื™ืกืข ื”ืึธืจื‘ืึทื˜ืข ื ืึธื–, ืฐืึธืก ืื™ื– ืฉื˜ืขื - 
ื“ื™ื’ ืึธื ื’ืขืฉื˜ืึธืคึผื˜ ืžื™ื˜ ื˜ืึทื‘ืขืงืข, ืึธื˜ :ื“ื™ ืžืขืฉืขื ืข ื‘ืึธืจื“, ืฐืึธืก ื”ื•ื™- 
ื‘ืขืŸ ื”ื•ื™ื‘ื˜ ื–ื™ ื–ื™ืš ืึธืŸ, ื“ืึทื›ื˜ ื–ื™ืš, ืึทื–ืฑ ื ืขื“ื™ื›ื˜ ืื•ืŸ ื’ืจืึธื‘, ืื•ืŸ 
ืœืึธื–ืขืŸ ืœืึธื–ื˜ ื–ื™ ื–ื™ืš ืื•ื™ืก ื“ื•ืงื ื“ื™ืŸ, ืžื™ื˜ ืขื˜ืœื™ื›ืข ืฉื™ื˜ืขืจืข ืœืึทื ื’ืข 
ื‘ื™ื™ื–ืข ื”ืึธืจ ? ื•ื™ ืึทื–ืฑ ื”ืึธื˜ ืขืจ ืื•ื™ืกื ืขื–ืขื”ืŸ, ืœืžืฉืœ, ื‘ืฉืขืช ืขืจ ืื™ืŸ 
ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ืึท ื™ื•ื ื ืขืœ, ื’ืขื ืึทื ื’ืขืŸ ื‘ืึธืจืฐื•ื™ืก, ื’ืขืœืขืจืขื ื˜ ืื™ืŸ ื”ื“ืจ ืื•ืŸ ื’ื ืข" 
ื—ืึทืคึผื˜ ืคึผืขื˜ืฉ ืคื•ื 'ื ืจื‘ื™'ืŸ ? ืื•ืŸ ืฐืึธืก ืื™ื– ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ืื™ืกืจ, ื‘ืฉืขืช ื“ื™ 
ืžืึทืžืข ื–ื™ื™ื ืข ื”ืึธื˜ ืื™ื”ื ื’ืขื˜ืจืึธื’ืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื™ ื”ืขื ื“, ืื™ื”ื ื’ืขื’ืขื‘ืขืŸ 
ื–ื•ื™ื’ืขืŸ, ืื™ื”ื ืื•ื™ืกื ืขืฐื•ื™ืฉื˜ ื“ืึธืก ื ืขื–ืขืœ: ,ืื™ืกืจ'ืขืœ, ื–ื™ืกืขืจ ืงื“ื™ืฉ 
ืžื™ื™ื ืขืจ, โ€ ื™ื›ื˜ื™ื ืขืจ ืคึผื ื™ื ื’ืขื˜ืจื™ื™ืขืจ, ืžื™ืจ ื–ืึธืœ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืคืึทืจ ื“ื™ื™ื ืข ื‘ื™ื™ื ื™ 
ื“ืขืœืขืš 1{ 4 --- 

ืึธื˜ ืึทื–ืฑ ืคืœืขื’ ืื™ืš ื–ื™ืš ืงื™ื ื“ื•ื•ื™ื™ื– ืึทืžืึธืœ ืคืขืจื˜ืจืื›ื˜ืขืŸ, ื–ื™ืš 
ื ื™ื˜ ืงืึธื ืขืŸ ืึธืคึผืจื™ื™ืกืขืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ืื™ืกืจ'ืขืŸ. 

--- ืึทื”ื™ื™ื, ืžืžื–ืจื™ื, ื ืจื•ื— ืื™ืŸ ืื™ืขืจ ืคืึธื˜ืขืจ ืื•ืŸ ืžื•ื˜ืขืจืฃ 
ืึทื“ื™ื™ืŸ } --- ืคืœืขื ื˜ ืื™ืกืจ ืืคื™ืœื• ืงืœืขืจืขืŸ ื•ื•ืขื’ืขืŸ ืื™ื”ื ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืœืึธื–ืขืŸ. 

ื“ืื›ื˜ ื–ื™ืš, ืื– ืื™ืš ื‘ื™ืŸ ื ื™ื™ื ืขืจ, ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขืกื˜ื•ื•ืขื ืขืŸ ื”ื™ื™ืก ืื™ืš 
ื‘ื™ื™ ืื™ื”ื ืžื™ื˜ ืึท ืœืฉื•ืŸ ืจื‘ื™ื: ืž ืžื–ืจื™ื! ืคืึทืจ ืฐืึธืก ืงื•ืžื˜ ืžื™ืจ 
, ืžืžื–ึธืจื™ื" } ืื™ืกืจ ื”ืึธื˜ ืคื™ื™ื ื˜, ืคืขืจืฉื˜ืขื”ื˜ ืื™ื”ืจ ืžื™ืš, ืึทืŸ ืžืข 
ืฉื˜ืขื—ื˜ ืื•ืŸ ืžืข ืงื•ืงื˜ ืื™ื”ื ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืื•ื™ื ืขืŸ ืึทืจื™ื™ืŸ. ืื™ืกืจ ื”ืึธื˜ 
ืคื™ื™ื ื˜ ืงืœื™ื™ื ื•ื•ืืจื’, ืงืึธืŸ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืึธื ืงื•ืงืขืŸ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืงื™ื ื“ืขืจ! ,ืงื™ื ื“ืขืจ, 
ื–ืึธื’ื˜ ืขืจ, --- ื“ืึธืก ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื›? ืžื•ื ืจืข; ืงื™ื ื“ืขืจ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืคึผืึทืงืึธืกื˜- 
ื ื™ืงืขืก, ืฆื•ื“ืœื”ื›ืขื™ื'ื ื™ืงืขืก ; ืงื™ื ื“ืขืจ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืฆื™ืขื ืขืŸ, ืฐืึธืก ืฉืคึผืจื™ื ื ืขืŸ 
ืื™ืŸ ืคืจืขืžื“ืข ื’ืขืจื˜ื ืขืจ ; ืงื™ื ื“ืขืจ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื”ื™ื ื˜, ืฐืึธืก ืกื™ืคึผืขืŸ ื‘ื™ื™ ื“ืจื™ 
ืคึผืึธืœืขืก; ืงื™ื ื“ืขืจ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื—ื–ื™ืจื™ื, ืฐืึธืก ืงืจื™ื›ืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืค'ืŸ ื˜ื™ืฉ; ืงึดื™ื’ึทึผ 
ื“ืขืจ ื“ืึทืจืคืขืŸ ื•ื•ื™ืกืขืŸ ื“ืจืš-ืืจืฅ, ืงื™ื ื“ืขืจ ื“ืึทืจืคืขืŸ ืฆื™ื˜ืขืจืขืŸ, ืงื™ื ื“ืขืฃ 


ืึธืžื’ืขืฉืœืึธื’ืขื ืข ื”ื•ืฉืขื’ื•ืช 167 


ื“ืึทืจืคืขืŸ ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ ื“ืึธืก ื ื™ื™ืขื ื™ืขื”ืจื™ื’ืข ืงืจื—ืช !1.," ืื•ึนืŸ ืžื™ืจ ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ 
ื˜ืึธืงื™ ื’ืขืฆื™ื˜ืขืจื˜, ื˜ืืงื™ ื’ืขื”ืื˜ ื“ืึธื˜ ื ื™ื™ืขื ื™ืขื”ืจื™ื’ืข ืงื“ื—ืช. 


ืฐืึธืก ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ ืžื™ืจ ืžื•ืจื ื’ืขื”ืื˜, ืคืจืขื’ื˜ ืื™ื—ืจ? ืึตื ื•, ืคึผืจื•ื‘ื˜, 
ืื“ืจื‘ื”, ื”ืึธื˜ ื ื™ื˜ ืžื•ืจื, ืื– ืžืข ื˜ื”ื•ื˜ ืื™ื™ืš ื ื ืขื ืคึฟืึทืจ'ืŸ ืื•ื™ื”ืขืจ 
ืื•ืŸ ืžืข ืคื™ื—ืจื˜ ืึทื™ื™ืš ืฆื• ืฆื• ื“ืขืจ ื˜ื—ื™ืจ ืื•ืŸ ืžืข ื’ื™ื˜ ืึทื™ื™ืš ื”ืึทืœื™ 
ืื•-ื ืืงืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืžืข ื–ืื’ื˜ ืึตื™ื™ืš 3 = 


-- ืึทื”ื™ื™ื, ืกืžื–ืจื™ื, ื ื“ื•ื— ืื™ืŸ ืื™ืขืจ ืคืึธื˜ืขืจ ืื•ืŸ ืžื•ื˜ืขืจ 
ืืจื™ื™ืŸ ! 

ืื™ื”ืจ ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืืคืฉืจ ืงืœืึทื ืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืื™ื”ื ืคืึทืจ ื“ืขืจ ืžืึทืžืขืŸ ? 
ื ื•, ืื“ืจื‘ื—, ืคึผืจื•ื ื˜ ! ืฐืึธื˜ ืฐืขื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ, ืฐื™ืœื˜ ืื™ื”ืจ ื•ื•ื™ืกืขืŸ? ืึถื˜ 
ื•ื•ืขืœ ืื™ืš ืื™ื™ืš ื–ืึธื’ืขืŸ ืฐืึธืก ืก'ื•ื•ืขืก ื–ื™ื™ืŸ : ืื™ื—ืจ ืฐื•ืขื˜ ืงื•ืžืขืŸ ืึทื”ื™ื™ื 
ืื•ืŸ ื‘ืขื•ื•ื™ื™ื–ืขืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืžืึทืžืขืŸ ืึตื™ื™ืŸ ืึธื ื’ืขืจื™ื˜ืขื ืขื ืื•ื™ื”ืขืจ; ืฐืขื ื“ื™ 
ืžืึทืžืข ืึธื ืžืึทืœืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืค'ืŸ ื˜ืื˜ืขืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ื ื’ืฐืึทืœื“: ,ื–ืขื”ื ืืจ, ื–ืขื” 
ื“ืขื ื‘ื–ื“ื™ื—ื™ื“ ื“ื™ื™ื ืขื, ื•ื™ ื“ืขืจ ืจื•ืฆื— ื“ืขืจ ื’ื–ืœืŸ ื”ืึธื˜ ืื™ื—ื ืึธื ื’ืข" 
ื“ื™ืคืขืŸ ืึตื™ื™ืŸ ืื•ื™ื”ืขืจ !? ื•ื•ืขื˜ ืื™ื™ืš ื“ืขืจ ื˜ืึทื˜ืข ื ืขืžืขืŸ ืคืึทืจ ื ื”ืขื " 
ื˜ืขืœ ืื•ืŸ ืฐืขื˜ ืื™ื™ืš ื‘ืจืขื ื ืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืฉื•ื”? ืึทืจื™ื™ืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืฆื•ืคื™ื”ืจืขืŸ ื ืœื™ื™ืฃ 
ืฆื• ืื™ืกืจ ื“ืขื ืฉืžืฉ, ืฐื™ ืื™ื™ื ืขืจ ืจืขืจื˜ : ,ื ืึทื˜, ื–ืขื”ื˜ ืฐืึธื˜ ืื™ื”ืฃ 
ื”ืึธื˜ ื’ืขื˜ื”ืึธืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ืžื™ื™ืŸ ื›ื“ื™ื—ื™ื“, ืื™ื”ืจ ื”ืึธื˜ ื“ืึธืš ืื™ื”ื ืฉื™ืขืฃ" 
ืฉื™ืขืจ ื ื™ื˜ ืึธืคึผื’ืขืจื™ืกืขืŸ ืื™ื™ืŸ ืื•ื™ื”ืขืจ",. ื•ื•ืขื ืื™ืคืจ ื’ืขื‘ืขืŸ ืึท ื”ื•ืง 
ืื•ื™ืคืŸ ื˜ืึทื˜ืขืŸ : , ื ื’ืขื”ื˜ ืื™ื™ืš ื’ืขื–ื•ื ื˜ืขืจื—ื™ื™ื˜ ืžื™ื˜ ืึทื™ื™ืขืจืข ืžืžื–ืจื™ื !? 
(ืื™ื”ืจ ื”ืขืจื˜ ? ืึท ื‘ื“ื™ื—ื™ื“ ืื™ื– ื‘ื™ื™ ืื™ื—ื ืื•ื™ืš ,ืžืžื–ืจื™ื"!). ืื•ืŸ 
ื“ืขืจ ื˜ืื˜ืข ืฐืึธืก ืฐืขื˜ ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ? ื“ืขืจ ื˜ืึทื˜ืข ืฐืขื ืึธื ืจื•ืงืขืŸ ื“ืึธืก 
ื”ื™ื˜ืข? ืื•ืŸ ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื ืขื”ืŸ ืื—ื™ื™ื. ืฐืขื˜ ืื™ื”ื ื“ื™ ืžืึทืžืข ืคืจืขื ืขืŸ: 
,ืขื• 4" ื•ื•ืขื˜ ืื™ื”ืจ ื“ืขืจ ื˜ืึทื˜ืข ื–ืึธื ืขืŸ: (ืื™ืš ื”ืึธื‘ึฟ ื“ืึธืก ืื™ื”ื 
ืžื›ื‘ึผื“ ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ, ืื˜ ื“ืขื ื”ืžืŸ ื—ืจืฉืข! ืฐืึธืก ื ืึธืš ื”ืึธื‘ ืื™ืš ืื™ื”ื 
ื’ืขืงืื ื˜ ื˜ื”ื•ืŸ ?... 

ื–ืขื”ืจ ื ื™ื˜ ืฉืขืŸ ืืคื™ืœื•, ืึทื– ื ื˜ืึทื˜ืข ื–ืึธืœ ื–ืึธื ืขืŸ ืึทื–ืึท ื’ืจืึธื‘ืขืŸ 
ืœื™ื ืขืŸ ! ื ืึธืจ ืฐืึธืก ื–ืึธืœ ืžืขืŸ ื˜ื”ื•ืŸ, ืึทื– ืžืขืŸ ืื™ื– ื‘ื™ื™ ื ืฉืžืฉ ืื™ืŸ 
ื’ืœื•ืช ? 


168 ืฉืœื•ื-ืขืœื™ื›ื 


ื–ื– 


ืžืข ืงืึธืŸ ื–ืึธื ืขืŸ, ืึทื– ื“ื™ ื’ืึทื ืฆืข ืฉื˜ืึธื“ื˜ ืื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ื™ ืื™ืกืจ'ืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ 
ื ืœื•ืช. ืฐืึธืก ืขืจ ื•ื™ืค, ื“ืึธืก ื˜ื”ื•ื˜ ืขืจ. ื•ืœ ืื™ืกืจ ื ื™ื˜ ื”ื™ื™ืฆืขืŸ ื“ื™ 
ืฉื•ื—ืœ ื•ื•ื™ื ื˜ืขืจ ืื™ื 'ื ืคืจืึธืกื˜, ืžืขื’ื˜ ืื™ื”ืจ ืฆืขื–ืขืฆื˜ ื•ื•ืขืจืขืŸ ืจืขื“ืขื - 
ื“ื™ื’, ืฐื•ืขื˜ ืขืจ ืึทื™ื™ืš ื”ืขืจืขืŸ, ืฐื™ ื“ึถืขื ืคืึทืจืึทื™ืึธื”ืจื™ื’ืขืŸ ืฉื ื™ื™, ืฐื•ื™? 
ืื™ืกืจ, ืžืข ื–ืึธืœ ื–ื™ืš ืฉื˜ืขืœืขืŸ ื“ืึทื•ื•ื’ืขืŸ ืคืจื™ื”, ืฐื•ืขื˜ ืื™ื”ืจ ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ืคืขืจ- 
ืฉืคึผืขื˜ื™ื’ืขืŸ ื•ื•ืขืŸ ืื™ื”ืจ ื–ืึธืœื˜ ื ื™ื˜ ืงื•ืžืขืŸ. ื•ื™? ืื™ืกืจ ืึทื™ื™ืš ื ื™ืฉื˜ 
ื’ืขื‘ืขืŸ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืขืœื™ื” ืึทื›ืฆืขื”ืŸ ืฐืึธื›ืขืŸ ื“ื•ืจื›ืึทืฒื™ื ืึทื ื“, ืžืขื ื˜ ืื™ื”ืจ ืงื•ืงืขืŸ 
ืฆื• ืื™ื”ื ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ืขืจ ื‘ื™ืžื” ืคื•ืŸ ื”ื™ื™ื ื˜ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืžืึธืจื’ืขืŸ, ื”ื•ืกื˜ืขืŸ ืฆืขื–ืขืฆ- 
ื˜ืขืจื”ื™ื™ื“ -- ืขืจ ื•ื•ืขื˜ ืึทื™ื™ืš ื ื™ื˜ ื–ืขื”ืŸ, ื ื™ื˜ ื”ืขืจืขืŸ ! ื“ืึธืก ืื™ื™ื’ืขื ืข 
ืื™ื– ืžื™ื˜'ืŸ ื˜ืœื™ืช, ืื•ืŸ ืžื™ื˜'ืŸ ื—ื•ืžืฉ, ืื•ืŸ ืžื™ื˜'ืŸ ืžื—ื–ื•ืจ, ืื•ืŸ ืžื™ื˜ืฅ 
ืืชืจื•ื’, ืื•ืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ื“ืขืจ ื—ื•ืฉืขื ื. ืื™ืกืจ ืฐืขื˜ ืึทื™ื™ืš ื‘ืจืขื ื’ืขืŸ ื“ืข- 
ืžืึธืœื˜, ื•ื•ืขืŸ ืขืจ ื•ื•ืขื ื•ื•ืขืœืขืŸ, ื ื™ื˜ ื•ื•ืขืŸ ืื™ื”ืจ ื•ื•ื™ืœื˜! ืฐืึธืก ื–ืขื ื˜ 
ืื™ื”ืจ ืขืคึผื™ืก ืคืึทืจ ืึท ,ืื™ื”ืจ" ? , ื‘ืขืœื™ื“ื‘ืชื™ื --- ื–ืึธื’ื˜ ืขืจ --- ื–ืขื ืขืŸ 
ื•ื™ ื“ื™ ื”ื™ื ื˜, ืื•ืŸ ืขืจ ืื™ื– ืื™ื™ื ืขืจ, ืื™ื™ืŸ ืฉืžืฉ, ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืขื™ืŸ-ื”ืจืข, ืื•ื™ืฃ 
ืึทื–ืฑ ืคื™ืขืœ ืขื•ืœื --- ืžืฉื•ื’ืข ืฆื• ื•ื•ืขืจืขืŸ !" 

ืื•ืŸ ืื™ืกืจ ืฉืžื™ืฆื˜ ื–ื™ืš, ืฐืึทืจืคื˜ ื–ื™ืš, ืžืึทื‘ื˜ ืื™ื˜ืœื™ื›ืขืŸ ืžื™ื˜ 
ื“ืขืจ ื‘ืœืึธื˜ืข, ื“ืขืจ ื’ืจืขืกื˜ืขืจ ื‘ืขืœ-ื”ื‘ื™ืช ืงืึธืŸ ื‘ื™ื™ ืื™ื”ื ื—ืึทืคึผืขืŸ ืึท 
ืคึผืกืง, ืขืจ ื–ืึธืœ ื ื™ื˜ ื˜ืจืขืคืขืŸ ื“ื™ ื˜ื”ื™ืจ. ,ืžื™ืš --- ื–ืึธื’ื˜ ืขืจ --- ื–ืึธืœื˜ 
ืื™ื”ืจ ื‘ืขืกืขืจ ื ื™ื˜ ื–ืึทื˜ืฉืขืคึผืขืŸ, ืฐืึธืจื•ื ืื™ืš ื”ืึธื‘ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืฆื™ื™ื˜ ื ื™ื˜ 
ืžื™ื˜ ืึทื™ื™ืšึฐ ืฆื• ืจืขื“ืขืŸ ! ืื™ื”ืจ ื–ืขื ื ื ืกืš, ืื•ืŸ ืื™ืš ื‘ื™ืŸ, ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืขื™ืŸ- 
ื”ืจืข, ืื™ื™ื ืขืจ !" ืื•ืŸ ืงื™ื™ื ืขืจ ื–ืึทื˜ืฉืขืคึผืขื˜ ืื™ื”ื ื ื™ื˜ ; ืื™ื”ืจ ื–ืขื ื˜ 
ื’ืขื”ืจืขืŸ, ืึทื– ืขืจ ื˜ืฉืขืคึผืขื˜ ืื™ื™ืš ื ื™ื˜, 

ืก'ืคืขืจืฉื˜ืขื”ื˜ ื–ื™ืš, ืึทื– ืงื™ื™ื ืขืจ ืฐืขื˜ ื–ื™ืš ื ื™ื˜ ืื™ื™ื ืฉื˜ืขืœืขืŸ 
ืคืจืขื’ืขืŸ ื‘ื™ื™ ืื™ืกืจ'ืขืŸ, ื•ื•ืื• ืงื•ืžื˜ ืึทื”ื™ืŸ ื“ืึธืก ื’ืขืœื“, ืฐืึธืก ืคืึทืœื˜- 
ืืจื™ื™ืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ,ื‘ืขื‘ื•ืจ-ืฉื ื“ืจืก/, ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื™ืึธื—ืจ-ืฆื™ื™ื˜-ืœื™ื›ื˜, ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจ 
ืคึผื•ืฉืงืข, ื•ื›ื“ื•ืžื” ืึทื–ืขืœื›ืข ื–ืึทื›ืขืŸ, ืฐืึธืก ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืฉื™ื™ืš ืฆื• ื‘ืขืœ-ื—ื‘ืชื™ืฉ- 
ืกื™ื™ื˜. ืฐืึธืจื•ื ื‘ืขืœ-ื”ื‘ื™ืช ืื™ืŸ ืฉื•ื”? ืื™ื– ื“ืึธืš ืขืจ --- ื”ื™ื™ื ื˜ ื•ื•ืขืžืขืŸ 
ื“ืึทืจืฃ ืขืจ ื“ืึธืก ืึธืคึผื ืขื‘ืขืŸ ื“ื™ืฑ"ื•ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ? ื“ืขืจ ืขื•ืœื ืื™ื– ื’ืขื”ืจืขืŸ, 


ืึธืคึผื’ืขืฉืœืึธื’ืขื ืข ื”ื•ืฉืขื ื•ืช 109 


ืึทื– ืขืจ ืงืึธื–ื˜ ื–ื™ื™ ืฆื•ื“ืจื•ื” ืื•ืŸ ืฐืึทืจืคื˜ ื–ื™ื™ ื ื™ื˜ ื“ื™ ืฉืœื™ืกืœืขืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื‘ื™ื—- 
ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ ืื™ืŸ ืคึผื ื™ื ืืจื™ื™ืŸ: , ื’ืขื”ื˜ ื”ืึทืœื˜-ืื•ื™ืก ืืœื™ื™ืŸ ืึทื–ื ืฉื•ื”ืค 
ืžื™ื˜ ื”ืึธืœืฅ ืื•ืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ืฐืึทืกืขืจ, ืžื™ื˜ ืคื™ื›ื˜ ืื•ืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ืฉื•ื•ืขื‘ืขืœืขืš, ืื•ืŸ 
ืึท ื”ืึทื ื˜ื•ืš ืื•ื™ืกื•ื•ืึทืฉืขืŸ ื“ืืจืฃ ืžืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืš, ืื•ืŸ ืึท ื˜ืึทืคืœื™ ืืจื™ื™ื ืฉื˜ืข- 
ืœืขืŸ ื“ืึทืจืฃ ืžืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืš, ืื•ืŸ ืื•ื™ืกืฉืžื™ืจืขืŸ ื“ื™ ื•ื•ืขื ื˜ ืžื™ื˜ ื“ืขืจ ืกื˜ืขืœื™ 
ื“ืึทืจืฃ ืžืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืš, ืื•ืŸ ืึท ืกื˜ืขื ื“ืขืจ ืคืึทืจืจื™ื›ื˜ืขืŸ ื“ืึทืจืฃ ืžืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืš, 
ืื’ืŸ ืึท ืกื“ื•ืจ ืฆื•ื“ืงื•ื™ืคืขืŸ ื“ืึทืจืฃ ืžืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืš, ืื•ืŸ ื ืกืœื™ื—ื— ืึทื™ื™ื ื‘ื™ื ื“ืขืŸ 
ื“ืึทืจืฃ ืžืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืš ; ืื•ืŸ ื•ื•ืื• ืื™ื– ื ื’ืจื™ื™ื ืขืจ, ื•ื•ืื• ืื™ื– ื ื“ืจื™ื™ื“ืข, 
ื•ื•ืื• ืื™ื– ื ื—ื ื•ื›ื—-ืœื™ื›ื˜ืขืค, ื•ื•ื ืื™ืŸ ืึท ืœื•ืœื‘, ื•ื•ืื• ืื™ื– ืึทื™ื™ืŸ ืืชืจื•ื , 
ื•ื•ืื• ืื™ื– ื ื”ื•ืฉืขื ื, ืื•ืŸ ื•ื•ืื• ืื™ื– 8 ื“ืึธืก, ืื•ืŸ ื•ื•ืื• ืื™ื– ืึท ื™ืขื ืฅ ืกึธ".. 
ืื•ืŸ ื”ืึธื˜ืฉ ืึทืœืข ื•ื•ื™ื™ืกืขืŸ ื’ืึทื ืฅ ื’ื•ึนื, ืึทื– ืึท ื’ืจื™ื™ื ืขืจ ืื•ืŸ ื ื“ืจื™ื™ื“ืขืค 
ืื•ืŸ ืึท ื—ื ื•ื›ื”-ืœื™ื›ื˜ืข? ืื•ืŸ ืึท ืœื•ืœื‘ ืื•ืŸ ืึตื™ื™ืŸ ืืชืจื•ื’ ืื•ึนืŸ ื ื”ื•ืฉืขื ื 
ืื•ืŸ ื ื“ืึธืก ืื•ืŸ ื ื™ืขื ืฅ -- ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืึทืœืฅ ืึทื–ืขืœื›ืข ื–ืึทื›ืขืŸ, ืฐืึธืก ื ื™ืฉื˜ 
ื ืึธืจ ืžืข ื“ืึทืจืฃ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื–ื™ื™ ืื•ื™ืกื’ืขื‘ืขืŸ ื’ืขืœื“, ืื“ืจื‘ื”, ื–ื™ื™ ื‘ืจืขื ื’ืขืŸ ื ืึธืš 
ืืจื™ื™ืŸ ื’ืขืœืจ, -- ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขืกื˜ื•ื•ืขื’ืขืŸ ืฐืขื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืงื™ื™ื ืขืจ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื“ืขืฃ. 
ื•ื•ืขื’ืขืŸ ืึทืจื™ื™ื ืฉื˜ืขืกืงืขืŸ ื“ื™ ื ืึธืŸ. ื“ืึธืก ื’ืขื”ืขืจ ืฆื•ื ืฉืžืฉ{ ื“ืึธืก ืื™ืŸ 
ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ื›ื ืกื”. ,ื“ื™ ืฉืขื ืข ืฉื›ื™ืจื•ืช, ืฐืึธืก ืžืข ื ืขืžื˜ ื•ื™ืš ืึธืŸ ื‘ื™ื™ 
ืื™ื™ืš 7... , ื“ืขืจ ืงืึธืคึผ ืงืึธืŸ ื”ืืจื˜ ื•ื•ืขืจืขืŸ !,.. ืฐืึทืกืขืจ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืงืึทืฉืข !".. 
ื˜ื–ื•ื™ ื–ืึธื’ื˜ ืื™ืกืจ, ืื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืขื•ืœื ืฉื•ื•ื™ื™ื’ื˜. 

ื“ืขืจ ืขื•ืœื ืฉื•ื•ื™ื™ื’ื˜ ; ื—ืึธื˜ืฉ ื“ืขืจ ืขื•ืœื ื•ื•ื™ื™ืกื˜ ื’ืึทื ืฅ ื’ื•ื˜, ืึทื– 
ืื™ืกืจ ืœืขื’ื˜-ืึธืคึผ ืึท ืงืขืจื‘ืขืค ; ื“ืขืจ ืขื•ืœื ื•ื•ื™ื™ืกื˜ ื’ืึทื ืฅ ื’ื•ื˜, ืึทืŸ ื“ืขืจ 
ืฉืžืฉ ืื™ื– ืึธื ื’ืขืฉื˜ืึธืคึผื˜ ืžื™ื˜ ื ืขืœืจ. โ€ ืก'ืื™ื– ื ืึธืจ ื ืกื‘ืจื, ืื– ืฉื˜ื•- 
ืœืขืจื”ื™ื™ืจ ืคืขืจืœื™ื™ื”ื˜ ืขืจ ืึทืžืึธืœ ืขื˜ืœื™ื›ืข ื’ืจืึทืฉืขื ื˜, ืžืึทื›ื˜ ืึท ื”ืœื•ืื”" 
ืœืข, ื’ืขื•ื•ืขื”ื ืœื™ืš, ืื•ื™ืฃ ืึท ื‘ืขืฐืึธื”ืจืขื ื™ืฉ, ืื•ื™ืฃ ื ืžืฉื›ื•ืŸ. ืื•ืŸ ื 
ืฉื˜ื™ื‘ืขืœ ื”ืึธื˜ ืื™ืกืจ ืื™ื™ืŸ ืื™ื™ื’ืขื ืก, ืื•ืŸ ืึท ื‘ื”ืžื” ืึตื™ืŸ ืื™ื™ื’ืขื ืข, 
ืื•ืŸ ื˜ืจื™ื ืงืขืŸ ื˜ืจื™ื ืงื˜ ืขืจ ืื•ื™ืก ืึทืœืข ื˜ืึธื’, ืื•ืŸ ื“ื•ืงืื ืคื•ืŸ ื. ื’ืจื•ื™ืก 
ื’ืœืึธื–, ืื•ืŸ ื ืคึผืขืœืฅ ื˜ืจืึธื ื˜ ืขืจ ื•ื•ื™ื ื˜ืขืจ, ื‘ืจื•ืš ื—ืฉื, ื•ื™ ื“ืขืจ ืฉืขื - 
ืกื˜ืขืจ ื‘ืขืœ-ื”ื‘ื™ืช, ืื•ืŸ ืฉื™ืš ื˜ืจืึธื ื˜ ื“ื™ ืฉืžืฉ'ื˜ืข ื’ืึทื ืฆืข, ืื•ืŸ ืึท 
ื™ื•ืคึผืข ื”ืึธื˜ ื–ื™ ื–ื™ืš ื’ืขืžืึทื›ื˜ ื ื™ื˜ ืœืึทื ื’ ืึท ื’ื™ื™ืข -- ืคึฟืึทืจ ืงื”ืœ'ืก ื’ืขืœืš : 
,ืคึฟืึทืจ ืื•ื ื–ืขืจ ื‘ืœื•ื˜, ืื•ื™ืกืงืจืขื ืงืขืŸ ื–ืึธืœ ื–ื™ ื“ืึธืก, ืจื‘ื•ื ื• ืฉืœ ืขื•ืœื !".. 


10 | ืฉืœื•ื-ืขืœื•ื›ื˜ 


ืึทื–ืฑ ืžื•ืžืœืขืŸ ื“ื™ ื‘ืขืœื™-ื ืชื™ื ืฆื•ื•ื™ืฉืขืŸ ื–ื™ืš ืฉื˜ื™ืœืขืจื”ื™ื™ื“, ืึทื– 
ืจืขืจ ืฉืžืฉ ื–ืึธืœ ื ื™ื˜ ื”ืขืจืขืŸ. ืื•ืŸ ืึทื– ื“ืขืจ ืฉืžืฉ ื’ืขื”ื˜-ืฆื•, ื”ืึทืงื 
ืžืขืŸ ืื™ื›ืขืจ ื“ืขื ืฉืžื•ืขืก ืื•ืŸ ืžืข ื”ื•ื™ื‘ื˜ ืึธืŸ ืจืขื“ืขืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ืขืคึผื™ืก ืึทื " 
ื“ืขืจืฉ, ื‘ืœื™ืฆืœืขืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ ืื•ื™ื’ืœืขืš, ืกืžืึธืจืงืขืŸ ื‘ืฉืขืช ืžืขืฉื” ืกื™ื ื“ื™ 
ื ืขื– ืื•ืŸ ื ืขืžืขืŸ ื‘ื™ื™ ืื™ื”ื ื ืฉืžืขืง ื˜ืึทื‘ืขืงืข ืžื™ื˜ ืฆื•ื•ื™ื™ ืคื™ื ื’ืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ 
ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ืœืฆืขืจืŸ ืคื•ืฉืงืขืœืข ;: ,ื–ื™ื™ื˜ ื–ืฉืข ืžื•ื—ืœ!.. | 

ืึธื˜ ื“ืขืจ ,ื–ื™ื™ื˜-ื–ืฉืข-ืžื•ื—ืœ" ืื™ื– ืึท ืคึผืึทืกืงื•ื“ื ืขืจ ื–ื™ื™ื˜-ื–ืฉืขื“ืžื•ื—ืœ. 
ืื™ืŸ ืื™ื”ื ืœื™ื’ื˜ ืึท ื—ื ื™ืคื”'ืœืข: ,ื–ื™ื™ื˜ ื–ืฉืข ืžื•ื—ืœ, ื‘ื™ื™ ืึตื™ื™ืšึฐ ื“ืึทืจืฃ 
ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืึท ืจืขื›ื˜ืขืจ ืฉืžืขืง ื˜ืึทื‘ืขืงืข",.. ืื™ืŸ ืื™ื”ื ืœื™ื ื˜ ืื•ื™ืš ืึทึตื™ื™ืŸ 
ืึธื ืฆื•ื”ืขืจืขื ื™ืฉ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืึทืฐืขืงืฆื•ื’ืขื”ืŸ  :โ€ ,ื–ื™ื™ื˜ ื–ืฉืข ืžื•ื—ืœ, ื’ื™ื˜ ืึท ืฉืžืขืก 
ื˜ืึทื‘ืขืงืข ืื•ืŸ ื’ืขื”ื˜ ืึตื™ื™ืš ื’ืขื–ื•ื ื˜ืขืจื—ื™ื™ืจ ... 

ืึตื™ื›ืจ ืื™ืŸ ืึท ืžื‘ื™ืŸ ืกืื™ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ืขืจ ื—ื ื™ืคื”'ืœืข, ืกืื™ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ืขื 
ืึธื ืฆื•ื”ืขืจืขื ื™ืฉ. ืื™ืกืจ ื•ื•ื™ื™ืกื˜, ืึทื– ื“ืขืจ ืขื•ืœื ืฐืึธืœื˜ ื•ื•ืขืœืขืŸ ืื™ื”ื 
ืžืึทื›ืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืก ืฉืžืฉ, ืึทื–ืฑ ืฐื™ ืžืข ืฐื™ืœ ืœืขื‘ืขืŸ. ื ืึธืจ ืขืจ ื”ืขืจื ื–ื™ 
ืึทืœืขืžืขืŸ, ืฐื•ื™ ื”ืžืŸ ื“ืขื ื’ืจื™ื™ื ืขืจ. ืื™ืกืจ ื”ืืœื˜ ื–ื™ื™ ืจืขื›ื˜ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ 
ืœืึทืžืงืขืก. ืื™ืกืจ ื•ื•ื™ื™ืกื˜ ืฐืึธืก ืขืจ ื”ืึธื˜ ืฆื• ื˜ื”ื•ืŸ. 


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ื•ื•ืขืจ ืขืก ื•ื™? ื™ื•ืฆื ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืคืึทืจ ืึทืœืขืžืขืŸ, ื“ืขืจ ืื™ื– ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื™ื•ืฆืืŸ 
ืคืึทืจ ืงื™ื™ื ืขื; ืื•ืŸ ืึทื– ืก'ืื™ื– ื‘ืขืฉืขืจื˜ ื–ื™ืš ื‘ื•ืงืขืŸ, ื–ืึธืœ ืžืขืŸ ื–ื™ืš 
ื‘ื•ืงืขืŸ ืฆื•ื ืงืึธืคึผ, ื ื™ื˜ ืฆื• ื“ื™ ืคื™ืก. 

ื“ืึธืก ื”ืึธื˜ ืคืขืจืฉื˜ืึทื ืขืŸ ืื™ืกืจ, ืื•ืŸ ื”ืึธื˜ ื’ืขืฉืœืึธื’ืขืŸ ื‘ืœืึทื˜ 
ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ ื ื‘ืื™ื, ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ ืขื˜ืœื™ื›ืข ื ืขืฆืขื”ืœื˜ืข ืจืขื“ืขืœืคื™ื”ืจืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ 
ืฉื˜ืึธื“ื˜,. ื–ื™ื™ ื”ืึธื˜ ืขืจ ื“ื•ืงื ื’ืขืคืึธืœื’ื˜, ื’ืขืงืจืึทื›ืขืŸ ืื•ื ื˜ืขืจ ื“ื™ 
ื ืขื’ืขืœ, ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื’ืขืคื•ื™ืœื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืคื•ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืขืจื˜ื•ื•ืขื’ืขืŸ ื’ืขื”ืŸ ืึตื™ื™ืŸ ืื™ื‘ืขืจื™ื ืขืŸ 
ื’ืึทื ื’, ืื•ืŸ ื’ืข'ื—ื ืคื”"ื˜ ื”ืึธื˜ ืขืจ ื–ื™ื™, ืึทื– ืก'ื”ืื˜ ื’ืขืฉืœืึธื’ืขืŸ ืฆื• ื“ืขืจ 
ื’ืึทื›! ืื•ืŸ ื•ื•ืขืจ ืฉืžื•ืขืกื˜, ืึทื– ืก'ืื™ื– ื’ืขืงื•ืžืขืŸ ื“ื™ ืฆื™ื™ื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจ 
ืงืœืคื™, ืคื•ืŸ ืงืคื•ื™ื‘ืขืŸ ื ื‘ืื™ื, --- ืจืขืžืึธืœื˜ ื”ืึธื˜ ืื™ืกืจ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื’ืขืจื•ื”ื. 
ื•ื•ืขืจ ืขื ื”ืึธื˜ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืึธื ื’ืขืงื•ืงื˜ ืจืขืžืึธืœื˜ ืื™ืกืจ'ืขืŸ, ื“ืขืจ ื”ืึธื ืงื™ื™ืŸ 


ืึธืคึผื’ืขืฉืœืึธื’ืขื’ืข ื”ื•ืฉืขื ื•ืช 1 


ืฉืขื ื ื ื™ื˜ ื’ืขื–ืขื”ืขืŸ.?; ืึท ืคืขืจืฉื•ื•ื™ืฆื˜ืขืจ, ืคืขืจืจื•ืงื˜ ื“ืึธืก ื—ื™ื˜ืข? 
ืึทืจืฑืฃ, ืžื™ื˜'ืŸ ื’ืจื•ื™ืกืขืŸ ืฉื˜ืขืงืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ ืœืึทื ื’ืข ืฉื˜ื™ื•ื•ืข?, ื”ืึธื˜ 
ืื™ืกืจ ื’ืขืงื ืึธื˜ืขืŸ ื“ื™ ื‘ืœืึธื˜ืข, ื’ืขืฉืคืจื™ื™ื–ื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ืื™ื™ืŸ ื ื›ืื™ ืฆื•ื ืื " 
ื“ืขืจืขืŸ, ื’ืขืึทืจื‘ืฒื˜, ื ืขืคึผืœืึทื›ื˜ืขืŸ, ื’ืขืคื™ื”ืจื˜ ืจื›ื™ืœื•ืช ืžื™ื˜ ืื™ื ื˜ืจื™ื’ืขื˜, 
ืื™ื ื˜ืจื™ื’ืขืก, , ืื™ื ื˜ืจื™ื ืขื ืึถื”ืŸ ื ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ! 


ืื•ื” ืื™ื ื˜ืจื™ื’ืขืก ืžื™ื”ืจืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืื™ืกืจ ืคื•ืŸ ืชืžื™ืจ ืึธืŸ ืคืขื ื•ืขืŸ 
ืื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ืจื™ื” ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ื•ื•ืขืœื˜, ื ื•ืื ื“ ืžื™ื˜ ื ืฐืื ืจ ื”ืึธื˜ ืขืจ ื’ืข" 
ืงืึธื’ื˜ ืฆื•ื ื•ื™ืคืคื™ื”ืจืขืŸ, ืžืขืจืงืึธื›ืขืŸ ืึท ืงืึทืฉืข ืึทื–ื•ื™ ืงื•ื ืฆื™ื , ืึทื– ื“ืขืจ ื’ืึทื " 
ืฆืขืจ ืขื•ืœื ื–ืึธืœ ื–ื™ืš ื‘ืœืึธื–ืขืŸ ืื™ื™ื ืขืจ ืื•ื™ืค'ืŸ ืื ื“ืขืจืขืŸ, ื–ื™ืš ืงืจื™ืขื ืขืŸ 
ืื•ืŸ ื–ื™ื“ืœืขืŸ, ืื•ืŸ ืขืก ื–ืึธืœ ื“ืขืจื’ืขื”ืŸ ืึทื–ืฉ ืฆื• ืคึผืขื˜ืฉ -- ืื•ืŸ ืขืจ, ืื™ืกืจ, 
ื’ืึธืจื ื™ืฉื˜, ื’ืึธื˜ ื“ื™ ื ืฉืžื”! ืื™ืกืจ, ืคืขืจืฉื˜ืขื”ื˜ ืื™ื”ืจ ืกื™ืš, ื”ืึธื˜ 
ื’ืขืคื™ื—ืจื ื“ืึธืก ืจืขื“ืขืœ ื“ื•ืงื ื ื™ื˜ ืฉืœืขื›ื˜. ืขืจ ื”ืึธื˜ ื–ื™ืš ื’ืขื˜ืจืื›ื˜ : 
,ืจื™ื™ืกื˜ ื–ื™ืš, ืจื™ื™ืกื˜ ื–ื™ืš, ื’ืขืœื™"ื‘ืชื™ื, ื‘ื™ื™ ื“ื™ ื ืขื–, ื•ื•ืขื ืื™ื”ืจ ืคืขืจ" 
ื’ืขืกืขืŸ ืื™ื 'ื ืฉืžืฉ .. 


ืคืขืจื’ืขืกืขืŸ ืื•ื 'ื ืฉืžืฉ -- ื“ืึธืก ืื™ืŸ ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ืคืืจ ืื•ื ื–ืขืจ 
ืื™ืกืจ'ืขืŸ ื–ืขื—ืจ ืึท ื˜ื•ื™ื˜ื™ื ืข ื–ืึทืš, ืžื—ืžืช ืคื•ืŸ ืึท ืฆื™ื™ื˜ ืึทืŸ ืžืข ื”ืึธื˜ ื–ื™ืฃ 
ืึธื ื’ืขื”ื•ื™ื‘ืขืŸ ืฆื• ืื™ื”ื ื ืขืžืขืŸ, ื“ื•ืœืขืŸ ืึท ืกืคึผืึธื“ื™ืง, ืขืจ ื–ืึธืœ ืึธืคึผื ืขื‘ืขืŸ 
ื“ื™ืŸื“ื•ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ, ื•ื•ืื• ืงื•ืžื˜ ืึทื—ื™ืŸ ื“ืึธืก ื ืึทื ืฆืข ื’ืขืœื“ ืคื•ืŸ ืฉื•ื”?? ืื•ืŸ 
ืฐืขืจ? ื“ื•ืงื ื“ื™ ื™ื ื’ืขืœื™ื™ื˜, ื“ื•ืงื ื™ื ื ื•ื•ืืจื’, ื“ื•ืงื ืึธื˜ ื“ื™ 
,ืžืžื–ืจื™ื"", ืฐืึธืก ืขืจ ื”ืึธื˜ ื–ื™ื™ ืึทื–ืฑ ืคื™ื™ื ื˜ ื’ืขื”ืึธื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ืชืžื™ืš, ื•ืืก 
ืขืจ ืคืœืขื ื˜ ื–ื™ื™ ืึทืžืึธืœ ื“ืขืจื ืขื”ืŸ ื“ื™ ื™ึนืึถื”ืจ ! 


ืคื•ืŸ ืงื™ื ื“ืขืจ, ื–ืึธื’ื˜ ืžืขืŸ, ื•ื•ืขืจืขืŸ ืœื™ื™ื˜, ืื•ืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ืœื™ื™ื˜ ืฐืขืจืขืŸ 
ืงื™ื ื“ืขืจ. ื”ื™ื‘ืฉืข ืขื˜ืœื™ื›ืข ื“ื•ืจื•ืช ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื’ืขืฐืึทื›ืกืขืŸ, ืื•ื™ืกื’ืขื•ื•ืื›ืกืขืŸ 
ืื•ืŸ ืึทืฐืขืงื’ืขื ืึทื ื ืขืŸ, ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืงืœื™ื™ื ืข ืฆื™ืขื ืœืขืš ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื’ืขืฐืึธืจืขืŸ ื’ืจื•ื™" 
ืกืข ืฆืึทืคึผืขืก, ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืงืœื™ื™ื ืข ืžืžื–ืจื™ื ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื’ืขืฐืึธืจืขืŸ ื‘ืขืœื™-ื‘ื™ืช'ืœืขืš ; 
ื“ื™ ื‘ืขืœื™-ื‘ื™ืช'ืœืขืš ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ ื—ืชื•ื ื” ื’ืขื”ืึทื˜, ื’ืขืฐืึธืจืขืŸ ื‘ืขืœื•-ื‘ืชื™ื ; 
ื“ื™ ื‘ืขืœื™-ื‘ืชื™ื ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื’ืขืฐืึธืจืขืŸ ืึทืœื˜ืข ืื™ื“ืขืŸ, ืื•ืŸ ืื™ืกืจ ืื™ืŸ ืึทืœืฅ 
ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ืื™ืกืจ, ื ืึธืจ ืžื™ื˜ ืึท ืžืึธืœ ืื™ืŸ ืขืคึผื™ื ืื•ื™ืกื ืขื•ื•ืื›ืกืขืŸ ื ื“ื•ืจ, 
ืึท ื ื™ื™ืขืจ, ืึท ื™ื•ื ื’ืขืจ, ืึท ืžืฉื•ื ื”-ืžืื“ื ืขืจ ื“ื•ืจ, ืึท ื“ื•ึนืจ ืคื•ืŸ ืกืึทืžืข 


172 ืฉืœื•ื"ืขืœื™ื‘ื˜ 


ืฉืงืฆื™ื, ืขื›ื‘ืจื•ืฉื™ื, ืขื–ื•ืช-ืžื—ื•ืฆืฃืคึผื ื™ืž'ืขืจ, ืžื–ื™ืงื™ื, ื—ื•ืœื˜ื™ื™ืขืก -- 
ืžืข ื–ืึธืœ ื‘ืขื”ื™ื˜ ืื•ืŸ ื‘ืขืฐืึธื”ืจืขื ื˜ ื•ื•ืขืจืขืŸ! 

--- ืฐืึธืก ืื™ื– ืื™ืกืจ ืคืึทืจ ืึตื™ื™ืŸ ืืฑื™ื‘ืขืจื”ืึทืจ ? ืื™ืกืจ ืื™ื– ื ื™ืฉื˜ 
ืžืขื”ืจ ื•ื™ ืึท ืฉืžืฉ, ืฐืึธืก ื“ื™ืขื ื˜ ื‘ื™ื™ ืื•ื ื–, ื ื™ื˜ ืžื™ืจ ื‘ื™ื™ ืื™ื”ื ! 
ื‘ื™ื– ืฐืึทื ืขืŸ ืฐื•ืขื˜ ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืœื˜ื™ื’ืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืื•ื ื– ืึธื˜ ื“ืขืจ ืืœื˜ืขืจ ืื™ืกืจ ืžื™ื˜ 
ื“ื™ ืœืึทื ื’ืข ืคื™ืก ืื•ืŸ ืžื™ื˜'ืŸ ื’ืจื•ื™ืกืขืŸ ืฉื˜ืขืงืขืŸ ? ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ! ื•ืื• ืื™ื– 
ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ 4 ื“ื™ืš-ื•ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ !1... 

ืึทื–ืฑ ื”ืึธื˜ ื’ืข'ื˜ืขื ื”'ื˜ ืึธื˜ ื“ืขืจ ื ื™ื™ืขืจ ื“ื•ืจ ืคื•ืŸ ืกืืžืข ืฉืงืฆื™ื, 
ืขื›ื‘ืจื•ืฉื™ื, ืขื–ื•ืช-ืžื—ื•ืฆืฃื™ืคึผื ื™ืž'ืขืจ, ืžื–ื™ืงื™ื, ื”ื—ื•ืœื˜ื™ื™ืขืก, ืื•ืŸ ื“ื•ืงื 
ืื™ืŸ ืžื™ื˜ืขืŸ ืฉื•ื”ืœื”ื•ื™ืฃ, ืื•ืŸ ื“ื•ืงื ื”ื•ื™ืš ืื•ื™ืฃ ื ืงื•ืœ.,. ืชื—ื™ืœืช ื”ืึธื˜ 
ืื™ืกืจ ื’ืขืžืึทื›ื˜ ื–ื™ืš ื›ืœื ื™ื“ืข, ืึทื‘ื™ืกืขืœ? ื˜ื•ื™ื‘ืœื™ืš ืฉื•ื™ืŸ; ื ืึธื›ื“ืขื 
ื”ืึธื˜ ืขืจ ืึธื ื’ืขื”ื•ื™ื‘ืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ ื˜ืจื™ื™ื‘ืขืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ืฉื•ื”?, ืคืขืจืœืขืฉืขืŸ ื“ื™ ืœื™ื‘ื˜, 
ืคืขืจืฉืœื™ืกืขืŸ ื“ื™ ื˜ื—ื™ืจ ; ื ืึทื›ื“ืขื ื”ืึธื˜ ืขืจ ืึธื ื’ืขืจื™ื™ืฆื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื–ื™ื™ ืจื™ 
ื‘ืขืœื™-ื‘ืชื™ื ืคื•ืŸ ืฉื˜ืึธื“ื˜, ื“ืขืจืฆืขื”ืœื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื–ื™ื™ ื”ืžื 'ืก ืžืกื™ืจื•ืช, ืึทื– 
ื“ื™ ื”ื•ืœื˜ื™ื™ืขืก ืžืึทื›ืขืŸ ื—ื•ื–ืง ืคื•ืŸ ืขืœื˜ืขืจืข ืžืขื ืฉืขืŸ, ืึทื– ื–ื™ื™ ืœืึทื›ืขืŸ ืึดืžึผ 
ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื’ื‘ืื™ื, --- ื ืกื™ืžืŸ: ืื˜ ื”ืึธื˜ ืขืจ ื ื™ื˜ ืœืึทื ื’ ื’ืขืžื•ื ืขืŸ ื 
ืคึผืึทืคึผื™ืขืจืขืœ, ืขืคึผื™ืก ืึท ืœื™ืขื“ืข?, ืฐืึธืก ืื™ื™ื ืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื”ื•ืœื˜ื™ื™ืขืก ื”ืึธื˜ 
ืคืขืจืœืึธืจืขืŸ. | 
ื™ ื“ืึทื›ื˜ ื–ื™ืš, ืฐืึธืก? ืึท ื ืึทืจื™ืฉ ืœื™ืขื“ืข?ืœ? ืฐืึธืก ืคืึทืจ ื ื—ืชื•ื ื” 
ื”ืึธื˜ ืึธื‘ืขืจ ื“ืึธืก ื“ืึธื–ื™ื’ืข ื ืึทืจื™ืฉืข ืœื™ืขื“ืขืœ ืึธื ื’ืขืžืึทื›ื˜ ืื™ืŸ ืฉื˜ืึธื“ื˜ ! 
ืฐืึธืก ืคึฟืึทืจ ืึตื™ื™ืŸ ืื™ื‘ืขืจืงืขื”ืจืขื ื™ืฉ -- ืึท-ืึทื“ืึทื™ ื”ืœื•ืื™ ืฐืึธืœื˜ 
ื“ืึธืก ืื™ืคืจ ื‘ืขืกืขืจ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื’ืขืคื•ื ืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื‘ืขื•ื•ื™ื–ืขืŸ ื“ืึธืก ื“ื™ ื’ื‘ืื™ื, 
ืฐืึธืœื˜ ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ืคืึทืจ ืื™ื”ื ืึท ืกืš ื’ืขื–ื™ื ื“ืขืจ! ื“ืึธืก ื“ืึธื–ื™ื ืข ืœื™ืขื“ืขืœ, 
ืงืึธืŸ ืžืขืŸ ื–ืึธื ืขืŸ, ืื™ื– ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืึถื ื”ื•ึนื™ื‘ ืคื•ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืžืคึผืœื”. ื“ื™ ื ืึท- 
ืจื™ืฉืข ื’ื‘ืื™ื, ืึธื ืฉื˜ืึธื˜ ื“ืขื, ืžืข ื–ืึธืœ ื“ืึธืก ืœื™ืขื“ืขืœ ืึทืจืึธืคึผืฉืœื™ื ื’ืขืŸ 
ืื•ืŸ ืžืึทื›ืขืŸ ืึท ืฉื•ื•ื™ื™ื’, ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ ื“ืึธืก ืึทืœื™ื™ืŸ ืฆืขืฉืžื™ืจื˜. ื–ื™ื™ ื”ืึธ- 
ื‘ืขืŸ ื–ื™ืš ืึทื–ืฑ ืœืึทื ื’ ืึทืจื•ืžื’ืขื˜ืจืึธื ื’ืขืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ื“ืขื ืคื•ืŸ ืื™ื™ื ืขื ืฆื•ื . 
ืึทื ื“ืขืจืขืŸ, ื‘ื™ื– ื“ืขืจ ืขื•ืœื ื”ืึธื˜ ื“ืึธืก ืื•ื™ืกื ืขืœืขืจืขื ื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืื•ืฑื™ืก.- 
ื•ื•ืขื ื™ื’, ืœืฆื™ื ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ ืฆื•ื ืขื–ืขืฆื˜ ืฆื• ื“ืขื ื ื ื™ื’ื•ืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ืึตื™ื™ืŸ ืึทืœื˜ ื‘ืข- 
ืงืึทื ื˜ ืœื™ืขื“ืขืœ, ืื•ืŸ ืžืข ื”ืึธื˜ ื“ืึธืก ืœื™ืขื“ืขืœ ื’ืขื–ื•ื ื’ืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืึทืœืข 


ืึธืคึผื’ืขืฉืœืึธื’ืขื ืข ื”ื•ืฉืขื ื•ืช 108 


ืฉื˜ืจืขืงืขืŸ : ื‘ืขืœื™-ืžืœืื›ื•ืช ื”ืื‘ืขืŸ ืขืก ื’ืขื–ื•ื ื’ืขืŸ ื‘ื™ื™'ื ืฐืึทืจืฉื˜ืึทื˜, 
ืงืขื›ื™ื ื˜ --- ื‘ื™ื™'ื ืื•ื™ื•ื•ืขืŸ, ืžื™ื™ื“ืœืขืš --- ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื™ ืคึผืจื™ื–ื‘ืขื˜, ืžื•ื˜ืขืจืก 
ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ื“ืขื ืคืขืจื•ื•ื™ืขื ื˜ ืงื™ื ื“ืขืจ,,. ืึท ื ืึทืจื™ืฉ ืœื™ืขื“ืขืœ ื”ืึธื˜ ืื™ืŸ 
ื–ื™ืš ืึท ื›ื—: ื‘ืฉืขืช ื“ืขืจ ื”ืึทืœืŸ ื–ื™ื ื’ื˜, ื˜ืจืึทื›ื˜ ื“ืขืจ ืงืึธืคึผ; ืงืœืขืจื˜, 
ืงืœืขืจื˜ ืึทื–ืฑ ืœืื ื’, ื‘ื™ื– ืขืก ื“ืขืจืงืœืขืจื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืขืคึผื™ืก; ืžื—ืฉื‘ื•ืช ื“ืจืขื”ืขืŸ 
ื–ื™ืš, ื“ืจืขื”ืขืŸ ื–ื™ืš, ืคึผื™ืงืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืžื•ื— ืึทื–ืฑ ืœืึทื ื’, ื‘ื™ื– ืขืก ืคึผื™ืงื˜ ื–ื™ืš 
ืขืคึผื™ืก ืื•ื™ืก, ืื•ืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื ืžื—ืฉื‘ื— ื•ื•ืขืจื“ ื ืžืขืฉ. 

ื“ื™ ืžืขืฉื”, ืฐืึธืก ืื™ื– ืึทืจืฑืก ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขื ืœื™ืขื“ืขืœ, ืื™ื– ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ืึท 
ืฉืขื ืข ืžืขืฉื”, ื ืึธืจ ื ืงื•ืจืฆืข, ืื™ื”ืจ ืžืขื’ื˜ ื“ืึธืก ื”ืึธืจื›ืขืŸ,. ืขืก ืงืึธืŸ 
ืื™ื™ืš ืฆื•ื“ื ื•ืฅ ืงื•ืžืขืŸ, 


17 


ืฉืงืฆื™ื, ืขื›ื‘ืจื•ืฉื‚ื™ื, ืขื–ื•ืช-ืžื—ื•ืฆืฃ-ืคึผื ื™ืž'ืขืจ, ืคืฆื™ื, ื•ื•ื™ื™ืกืข" 
ื—ื‘ืจื—'ื ื™ืงืขืก, ื”ื•ืœื˜ื™ื™ืขืก ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ ืื–ื•ื™ ืœึฟืึทื ื’ ื’ืขื’ืจืึธื‘ืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืื™ืกืจ'ืขืŸ, 
ื’ืขื–ื•ื›ื˜ ืื•ืŸ ื’ืขื ื™ืฉื˜ืขืจื˜, ื‘ื™ื– ืžืข ื”ืึธื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืึทืจืฑืคื ืขืฉืœืึธื ืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ 
ืึท ืฉื˜ื™ืงืขืœ ื“ืจืš. ืื™ื™ื ืžืึธืค ืื™ืŸ ืึท ืฉืขื ืขื ืคืจื™ื”ืžืึธืจื’ืขืŸ ืื™ื– ืžืขืŸ 
ืึทืจืฑืฃ ืื•ื™ื'ืŸ ื‘ื•ื™ื“ืขื ืคื•ื 'ื ืืœื˜ืขืŸ ื‘ื™ืช-"ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ ืื•ืŸ ืžืข ื”ืึธื˜ 
ืึทื ื˜ื“ืขืงื˜ ื“ืึธืจื˜ืขืŸ ืึท ื’ืึทื ืฆืขืŸ ืื•ืฆืจ : ืกื˜ืขืจื™ื ืื•ื•ืข ืœื™ื›ื˜ ืึท ื’ื•ื•ืžื, 
ืขื˜ืœื™ื›ืข ืคึผื•ืจ ืฐืึทื›ืก, ืึท ืคึผืึทืจ ืฆืขื”ื ื“ืคื™ื’ ื˜ืœื™ืชื™ื ื ืึธืš ื ืึธืจ ื ื™ื™ืข, ืึท 
ื’ืึทื ืฆืขืŸ ืกืงืœืึทื“ ืžื•ืŸ ืžื—ื–ื•ืจื™ื ื ืึธืš ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ื’ืขื ื™ืฆื˜ืข, ืกื“ื•ืจื™ื ืžื™ื˜ 
ืกืœื™ื—ื•ืช ืžื™ื˜ ืงื™ื ื•ืช ืžื™ื˜ ื ืึธืš ื’ื•ื˜ืข ื–ืึทื›ืขืŸ, ืฐืึธืก ื‘ื™ื™ ืึทื™ื™ืš, ืงืึธืŸ 
ื–ื™ื™ืŸ, ื”ืึธื˜ ื“ืึธืก ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืึทื–ืึท ื•ื•ืขืจื˜ื”, ื•ื™ ื‘ื™ื™ ืึท ืฉืžืฉ ืคื•ืŸ ื ืฉื•ื—ืœ. 
ืžื™ื˜ ื’ืจื•ื™ืก ืคึผืึทืจืึทื“ ื”ืึธื˜ ืžืขืŸ ื“ืขื ื“ืึธื–ื™ื’ืขืŸ ืื•ืฆืจ ืึทืจืึธืคึผื ืขื˜ืจืึธื’ืขืŸ 
ืคื•ื 'ื ื‘ื•ื™ื“ืขื --- ืื•ืŸ ืœืึธื– ืื™ื™ืš ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ืึตื™ื™ืขืจ ืคืึทื ื˜ืึทื–ื™ืข ืึทืœื™ืŸ 
ืคืึธืจืฉื˜ืขืœืขืŸ ืึธื˜ ื“ืึธืก ื‘ื™ืœื“ : ืคื•ืŸ ืื™ื™ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ื˜ ืื™ืกืจ ืžื™ื˜ ื“ืขืจ ื”ืึธืจ- 
ื‘ืึทื˜ืขืจ ื ืึธื–, ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ ืžื•ืจื'ื“ื™ื ืข ื‘ืจืขืžืขืŸ, ืžื™ื˜ ื“ืขืจ ืžืขืฉืขื ืขืจ 
ื‘ืึธืจื“, ืฐืึธืก ื”ื•ื™ื‘ืขืŸ ื”ื•ื™ื‘ื˜ ื–ื™ ื–ื™ืš ืึธืŸ, ื“ืื›ื˜ ื–ื™ืš, ืึทื–ืฑ ื’ืขื“ื™ื›ื˜ 
ืื•ืŸ ื’ืจืึธื‘, ืื•ืŸ ืœืึธื–ืขืŸ ืœืึธื–ื˜ ื–ื™ ื–ื™ืš ืื•ื™ืก ื“ื•ืงื ืžื™ื˜ ืขื˜ืœื™ื›ืข ืฉื™ื˜ืขืจืข 
ืœืึทื ื ืข ื‘ื™ื™ื–ืข ื”ืึธืจ... ืื•ืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืึทื ื“ืขืจืขืจ ื–ื™ื™ื˜ ื“ื™ ืฉืงืฆึทื™ื, 


174 ืฉืœื•ื-ืขืœื™ื›ื 


ืขื›ื‘ืจื•ืฉื™ื, ืขื–ื•ืช-ืžื—ื•ืฆืฃ-ืคึผื ื™ืž'ืขืจ, ืœืฆื™ื, ื•ื•ื™ื™ืกืข-ื—ื‘ืจื”'ื ื™ืงืขืก, ื”ื•ืœ- 
ื˜ื™ื™ืขื, ืžื™ื˜'ืŸ ืื•ืฆืจ ืคื•ืŸ ืกื˜ืขืจื™ื ืึธื•ื•ืข ืœื™ื›ื˜, ืฐืึทื›ืก, ื˜ืœื™ืชื™ื, ืกื“ื•ืจื™ื, 
ื™ืžื—ื–ื•ืจื™ื, ืกืœื™ื—ื•ืช ืื•ืŸ ืงื™ื ื•ืช ืึท ื’ืึทื ืฆืขืจ ืกืงืœืืจ! ืžื™ื™ื ื˜ ื ื™ืฉื˜ 
ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขืกื˜ื•ื•ืขื ืขืŸ, ืึทืŸ ืื™ืกืจ ื”ืึธื˜ ื–ื™ืš ื—ืœื™ืœื” ืคึผืขืจืœืึธืจืขืŸ. ืื™ืกืจ 
ืื™ื– ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืžืขื ืฉืœืขืš, ืฐืึธืก ื‘ืึทืœื“ ืขืคึผื™ืก ืคืขืจืœื™ืจืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ ื–ื™ืš. 
ืขืจ ืื™ื– ื ืึธืจ ื’ืขืฉื˜ืึทื ืขืŸ, ื’ืขืงื•ืงื˜ ืื•ืŸ ื’ืข'ื—ื™ื“ื•ืฉ'ื˜ ื–ื™ืš, ืฐื™ ืงื•ืžื˜ 
ื“ืึธืก ื ืึธืจ ืึทื”ืขืจ, ืื™ืŸ ืฉื•ื”? ืื•ื™ืค'ืŸ ื‘ื•ื™ื“ืขื ?1.. 


ืื•ื™ืฃ ืžืึธืจื ืขืŸ ื’ืึทื ืฅ ืคืจื™ื” ื”ืึธื˜ ื–ื™ืš ื‘ืขื•ื•ื™ื–ืขืŸ ืื•ื™ื'ืŸ ืคึผืึทืจืงืืŸ 
ืžื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืฉื•ื—ืœ ืึทื–ื ืžื™ืŸ ืึทื ืึธื ืก, ืžื™ื˜ ืงืจื™ื™ื“ ืื•ื™ืคื’ืขืฉืจื™ื‘ืขืŸ : 


,ื‘ื›ืืŸ ืคืขืจืงื•ื™ืคื˜ ืžืขืŸ ื™ืึทื”ืจืฆืฒื˜-ืœื™ื›ื˜ ื‘ืžืงื— ื”ืฉื•ื”". 


ืื•ื™ืค'ืŸ ืึทื ื“ืขืจืขืŸ ื˜ืึธื’ ืื™ื– ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ืึตื™ื™ืŸ ืึทื ื“ืขืจ ืื•ื™ื" 
ืฉืจื™ืคื˜. ืื•ื™ืค'ืŸ ื“ืจื™ื˜ืขืŸ ื˜ืึธื’ --- ืฐื™ืขื“ืขืจ ืึตื™ื™ืŸ ืึทื ื“ืขืจ ืื•ื™ืคืฉืจื™ืคื˜. 
ืื•ืŸ ืื™ืกืจ ื”ืึธื˜ ื’ืขื”ืึธื˜ ืึท ื’ื•ื˜ ืฉื˜ื™ืงืขืœ ืึทืจื‘ืฒื™ื˜ ; ืึทืœืข ืคึผืจื™ื”ืžืึธืจื ืขืŸ 
ืคืœืขื’ื˜ ืขืจ ืฉื˜ืขื—ืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ืึท ื ืึทืกืขืจ ืฉืžืื˜ืข ืึธืคึผืจื™ื‘ืขืŸ ื“ื™ ื“ืึธื–ื™ื ืข 
ืฉืขื ืข ืึทื ืึธื ื˜ืขืŸ, ืฐืึธืก ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื’ืขื•ื•ืึทื›ืกืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืœืขื ื’ ืื•ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ 
ื‘ืจื™ื™ื˜ ืื•ื™ืค'ืŸ ืคึผืึทืจืงืึทืŸ ืคื•ื 'ื ืึทืœื˜ืขืŸ ื‘ื™ืช-ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ. ืื•ื™ืš ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ 
ืกื˜ืขื ื“ืขืจืก ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ ื‘ืขืœื™-ื‘ืชื™ื ื’ืขืคื•ื ืขืŸ ืึทืœืข ืฉื‘ืช ื’ืึทื ืฆึถืข ืคืขืง 
ืžื™ื˜ ื‘ืจื™ื•ื•ืขืœืขืš, ืฐืึธืก ?ืฆื™ื ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ ืื•ื ื˜ืขืจื’ืขืฐืึธืจืคืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืื™ืกืจ 
ื“ืขื ืฉืžืฉ ืื•ืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ืขื ื‘ื™ื ื˜ืข? ื’ื‘ืื™ื, ืฐืึธืก ืื™ืกืจ ื”ืึธื˜ ื’ืขืฉืœืึธ- 
ื’ืขืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ื–ื™ื™ ื‘ืœืึทื˜. | 

ืึท ืฉื•ื•ืขืจ ืฉื˜ื™ืงืข? ืฆื™ื™ื˜ ื”ืึธื˜ ื“ืขืžืึธืœื˜ ืื™ื‘ืขืจื’ืขืœืขื‘ื˜ ืื™ืกืจ. 
ืขืจ ื”ืึธื˜ ืึทืจื•ื™ืคื’ืขืคื™ื”ืจื˜ ื“ื™ ื’ื‘ืื™ื, ืžืข ื–ืึธืœ ืื•ื™ืกื”ืขื ื’ืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ืช- 
ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ ืึท ืžื•ื“ืขื”, ืื•ื™ืฃ ืคึผืึทืจืžืขื˜ ื’ืขืฉืจื™ื‘ืขืŸ, ืžื™ื˜ ื’ืจื•ื™ืกืข ืื•ืชื™ื•ืช, 
ื‘ื–ื” ื”ืœืฉื•ืŸ : 

,ื”ื™ื•ืช ืฐื™ ืขืก ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ ื–ื™ืš ื‘ืขื•ื•ื™ื–ืขืŸ ื‘ื™ื™ ืื•ื ื–, ื‘ืขื•ื ื•ืชื™ื ื• ื”ืจื‘ื™ื, 
ื–ื•ื ื’ืข ืœื™ื™ื˜, ืจื™ืงื™ื ื•ืคื•ื—ื–ื™ื, ืคืขืจื“ืึธืจื‘ืขื ืข ืžืขื ืฉืœืขืš, ืฐืึธืก ื˜ืจืข" 


ืึฟืขื’ืขืฉืœืึธื’ืขื’ืข ื”ื•ืฉืขื ื•ืช 118 
ื˜ืขืŸ-ืึทืจืฑืก ืžื™ื˜ ืคืึทืœืฉืข ืžืกื™ืจื•ืช ืงืขื’ืขืŸ ื“ื™ ืคืึทืจื ืขืžืกื˜ืข ืœื™ื™ื˜ ืคื•ืŸ 
ืฉื˜ืึธื“ื˜, ืœื›ืŸ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืžื™ืจ ืžื•ืกืจ ืžื•ื“ืขื” ื‘ืฉื ื—ื ื‘ืื™ื ื“ื‘ื™ืช-ื—ืžื“ืจืฉ 
ื”ื ื“ื•ืœ, ืึทื– ืกื—ื™ื•ื ื•ื”ืœืื— ื•ื•ืขืœืขืŸ ืžื™ืจ ื ืขื‘ืขืŸ ื”ืฉื ื—ื” ืื•ื™ื ื“ื™ ื“ืึธื–ื™ื’ืข 
ืขื ื™ื ื™ื ื–ืขื”ืจ ืื•ืŸ ื–ืขื”ืจ, ืื•ืŸ ื“ืขื, ืฐืึธืก ืžืข ืฐืขื˜ ื”ืึทืคึผืขืŸ, ืฐืขื˜ ืžืขืŸ 
ืžื™ื˜ ืื™ื”ื ื˜ื”ื•ืŸ ืขืœื™ืคึผื™ ื”ื–ืืงืึธืŸ"... | 

ืคืขืจืฉื˜ืขื”ื ื–ื™ืš, ืึทืŸ ื“ื™ ืกื•ื“ืขื— ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ ื—ื‘ืจื” ื‘ืืœื“ ืึทืจืื- 
ื’ืขืจื™ืกืขืŸ, ืื•ืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืื™ื”ืจ ืืจื˜ ืื™ืŸ ืืจืฑื™ืคื ืขืฐืื›ื˜ืขืŸ ืื™ื™ืŸ ืื ื“ืขืจ 
ืžื•ื“ืขื”. ื”ืึธื ืžืขืŸ ื–ื™ืš ื ื™ื˜ ื’ืขืžื•ื™ืœื˜ ืื•ืŸ ืžืข ื”ืึธื˜ ื“ื™ ื ื™ื™ืข ืžื•ื“ืขื” 
ืื•ื™ืš ืึทืจืึธืคึผื’ืขืจื™ืกืขืŸ, ืื•ืŸ ืขืก ืื™ื– ืื•ื™ืฃ ืื™ื—ืจ ืื˜ ืืฑืกื’ืขื•ื•ืึทื›ืกืขืŸ 
ื ืคืจื•ืฉืข ืžื•ื“ืขื—, ืื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื‘ืขืœื•ื“ื‘ืชื™ื ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ ื’ืขืคื•ื ืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืกื˜ืขื - 
ื“ืขืจืก ืคืจื™ืฉืข ื‘ืจื™ื•ื•ืขืœืขืš ืื•ื™ื'ืŸ ืฉืžืฉ ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ ื ื‘ืื™ื. 9520, 
ื“ืึธืก ืื™ื– ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ 8 ืฉื˜ื™ืงืขืœ ืฆื™ื™ื˜, ืฐืึธืก ื“ืขืจ ืขื•ืœื ื”ืึธื˜ ื’ืขื”ืืœื˜ืขืŸ 
ืื™ืŸ ืื™ื™ืŸ ืฉืจื™ื™ื‘ืขืŸ: ื“ื™ ื’ื›ืื™ื ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ ื’ืขืฉืจื™ื‘ืขืŸ ืžื•ื“ืขื•ืช, ืื•ืŸ ื“ื™ 
ืœืฆื™ื ื“ื™ ื•ื•ื™ื™ืกืข-ื—ื‘ืจื”'ื’ื™ืงืขืก ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ ื’ืขืฉืจื™ื‘ืขืŸ ื‘ืจื™ื•ื•ืขืœืขืš --- ืึทื–ื•ื™ 
ืœืื ื’, ืึทื•ื•ึดื™ ื‘ืจื™ื™ื, ื‘ื™ื– ืขืก ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื’ืขืงื•ืžืขืŸ ื“ื™ ื˜ืข; ืคื•ึนืŸ ื™ืžื™ื ื ื•ืจืื™ื, 
ื“ื™ ืฆื™ื™ื ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืงืœืคื™, ืคื•ืŸ ืงืœื•ื™ื‘ืขืŸ ื ื‘ืื™ื ื”ื™ื™ืกื˜ ืขืก, ืื•ืŸ ืขื˜ 
ื”ืึธื ื–ื™ืš ืึธื ื’ืขื”ื•ื™ื‘ืขืŸ ืึท ืฉื˜ืจื™ื™ื˜ ืฆื•ื•ื™ืฉืขืŸ ื‘ื™ื™ื“ืข ืฆืจื“ื™ื : ืคื•ืŸ ืื™ื™ืŸ 
ื–ื™ื™ื˜ ืื™ืกืจ ืžื™ื ื–ื™ื™ื ืข ืคึผืึทื˜ืจืึทื ืขืŸ, ื“ื™ ืึทืœึฐื˜ืข ื’ื‘ืื™ื, ืื•ืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขืฃ 
ืึทื ื“ืขืจืขืจ ื–ื™ื™ื ื“ื™ ืฉืงืฆื™ื, ืขื›ื‘ืจื•ืฉื™ื, ืœืฆื™ื, ื•ื•ื™ื™ืกืข-ื—ื‘ืจื”'ื ื™ืงืขื 
ืกื™ื ื–ื™ื™ืขืจืข ืงืึทื ื“ื™ื“ืึทื˜ืขืŸ, ืื™ื˜ืœื™ื›ืขืจ ืฆืจ ื”ืึธื˜ ื’ืขืฆื•ื™ื ืขืŸ ืฆื• ื–ื™ืš 
ื“ืขื ื’ืึทื ืฆืขืŸ ืื™ื‘ืขืจื™ื’ืขืŸ ืขื•ืœื, ื™ืขื“ืขืจ ืžื™ื˜ ืฐืึธืก ื ืึธื˜ ื”ืื˜ ืื™ื”ื 
ื’ืขื‘ืขื ืฉื˜: ื“ืขืจ ืžื™ื˜ ื”ื™ื™ืกืข ืฐืขืจื˜ืขืจ, ืคืœืื-ืคื™ื™ืขืจื™ื ืข ืจืจืฉื•ืช, 
ื“ืขืจ ื’ืœืึธื˜ ืžึดื™ื˜ ื•ื™ืกืข ืจืขื“, ืื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืžื™ื˜ ื ืขื‘ืจืึธื˜ืขื ืข ืงืกืื˜ืฉืงืขื, 
ืคึผื•ืคึผืขืงืœืขืš, ื’ื•ื˜ืข ื”ื‘ื˜ื—ื•ืช, ืฆื•ื–ืึธื’ืขื›ืฆืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืฉืคึผืขื˜ืขืจ, -- ืื•ืŸ 
ืฉื˜ืขืœื˜ ืฉึตื™ื™ืš ืคืึธืจ, ืึทื– ื ื•ื›ืจ ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ --- ืื™ื—ืจ ืฐืขื˜ ื’ืึธืจื ื™ื˜ 
ื˜ืจืขืคืขืŸ ! --- ื“ื•ืงื ื“ื™ ืฉืงืฆื™ื, ืขื›ื‘ืจื•ืฉื™ื, ืคืฆื™ื, ื•ื•ื™ื™ืกืข"ื—ื‘ืจื”" 
ื’ื™ืงืขืก! ืื•ืŸ ืื•ื™ืกื’ืขืงืœื™ื‘ืขืŸ ื”ืึธื˜ ืžืขืŸ ื ื™ื™ืข ื’ื‘ืื™ื, ืื•ืŸ ื“ื•ืงื ืคื•ืŸ 
ื“ื™ ื™ื•ื ื’ืขืœื™ื™ื˜ืœืขืš, ืงื•ืจืฆืข ื•ื•ื™ื™ื˜ื™ืงืœืขืš, ืœืฆื™ื, ืงื‘ืฆื ื™ื ืื•ืŸ -- ืื•ื™- 
ื•ื•ืขื”, ืึท ืฉืึทื ื“ ืฆื• ื“ืขืจืฆืขื”ืœืขืŸ } -- ื‘ืขืœื™ื“ืžืœืื›ื•ืช, ืคึผืจืึธืกื˜ืข ื‘ืขืคื•- 
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18 ืฉืœื•ื"ืขืœื•ื›ื 
ืฉื™ 


ืื™ืš ื”ืึธื‘ ืžื•ืจื, ืื– ืื™ื”ืจ ืฉื˜ื•ื™ืกื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืึธืŸ, ืึทื– ื“ื™ ืกืžืขืฉื” 
ื ืขืžื˜ ืึท ืกื•ืฃ. ื‘ื™ื– ืฐืึทื ืขืŸ ืื™ื– ื“ืขืจ ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืฆื• ืฆื™ื”ืขืŸ? ืฆื™ ืื™ื”ืจ 
ื•ื•ื™ืœื˜, ืื™ืš ื–ืึธืœ ืึทื™ื™ืšึฐ ื˜ืึทืงื™ ื“ืขืจืฆืขื”ืœืขืŸ, ื•ื™ ืึทื–ืฑ ืื•ื ื–ืขืจืข ื ื™ื™ืข 
ื’ื‘ืื™ื ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ ื–ื™ืš ื ืขืจืขื›ืขื ื˜ ืžื™ื˜'ืŸ ืึทืœื˜ืขืŸ ืฉืžืฉ? ื•ื™ ืึทื–ืฑ ืžืข 
ื”ืึธื˜ ื ืขื‘ืืš ื“ืขื ืึทืœื˜ืขืŸ ืื™ืกืจ'ืขืŸ ื’ืขืคื™ื”ืจื˜ ื™ืขื ืขื ืฉืžื—ืช-ืชื•ืจื” 
ืžื™ื˜ ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ืื•ืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ื’ืขื–ืึทื ื  ืื™ื‘ืขืจ ืึทืœืข ื ืึทืกืขืŸ, ืื•ืŸ ืงื•ื ื“ืกื™ื, ืœืฆื™ื, 
ื•ื•ื™ื™ืกืขื–ื—ื‘ืจื”'ื ื™ืงืขืก ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ ื ืขื˜ืจืึธื ืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืฆื•ื™ืคืจื™ื”ืขืจ, ืžื™ื˜ ื’ืจื•ื™ืก 
ืคึผืึทืจืึทื“, ื“ืขื ื ืึทื ืฆืขืŸ ืื•ืฆืจ ืžื™ื˜ ืกื˜ืขืจื™ื ืึธื•ื•ืข. ืœื™ื›ื˜, ืžื™ื˜ ื•ืึทื›ืก 
ืื•ืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ ืึทืœืข ื˜ืœื™ืชื™ื, ืกื“ื•ืจื™ื, ืžื—ื–ื•ืจื™ื, ืงื™ื ื•ืช ืื•ืŸ ืกืœื™ื—ื•ืช, 
ืฐืึธืก ืžืข ื”ืึธื˜ ื’ืขืคื•ื ืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืค'ืŸ ื‘ื•ื™ื“ืขื ืคื•ื 'ื ืืœื˜ืขืŸ ื‘ื™ืช- 
ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ ? --- ื ื™ื™ืŸ, ืื™ืš ืžื™ื™ืŸ, ืึทื– ืื™ื”ืจ ืฐื•ืขื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ืžื™ืจ ืึทื–ื ื–ืึทืš ื ื™ื˜ 
ืคืขืจืœืื ื ืขืŸ, 


ื“ืขืจืœืขื‘ืขืŸ ืึท ื ืงืžื” ืื™ื 'ื ืฉื•ื ื -- ืžื”ื›ืชื™ืชื™; ื ึนืึธืจ ื‘ืึธื“ืขืŸ 
ื–ื™ืš ืื™ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ืœื•ื˜ --- ื“ืึธืก ื ื™ืฉื˜. ืื™ืš ืงืึธืŸ ืึทื™ื™ืš ื ืึธืจ ื“ืขืจืฆืขื”ืœืขืŸ 
ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืžืขื”ืจ ื•ื™ ืขื˜ืœื™ื›ืข ื•ืฐืขืจื˜ืขืจ : 


ืื•ื™ืฃ ื”ื™ื™ื ื˜ื™ื ืข ื™ืžื™ื-ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื ื‘ื™ืŸ ืื™ืš ืžื™ืš ื“ื•ืจื›ื ืขืคืึธื”ืจืขืŸ 
ืึทื”ื™ื™ื, ืื™ืŸ ืžื™ื™ืŸ ื’ืขื‘ื•ืจื˜-ืฉื˜ืึธื“ื˜. ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ืœืึทื ื’ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื’ืขื•ืขืŸ. ื 
ืกืš, ืึท ืกืš ืฐืึทืกืขืจืขืŸ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื™ืขื ืขืจ ืฆื™ื™ื˜ ื“ื•ืจื›ื’ืขืœืึทืคืขืŸ. ืคื•ืŸ 
ื“ืขืกื˜ื•ืฐืขื ืขืŸ ื”ืึธื‘ ืื™ืš ื ืขื˜ืจืึธืคึผืขืŸ ื“ืึธืก ืึทืœื˜ืข ื‘ื™ืช-ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ ืื•ื™ืค'ืŸ 
ื–ืขืœื‘ื™ื ืขืŸ ืึธืจื˜; ื“ืขืจ ืื™ื™ื ืขื ืขืจ ืึทืจื•ืŸ-ืงื•ื“ืฉ ืžื™ื˜'ืŸ ื–ืขืœื‘ืขืŸ ืคึผืจื•ื›ืช, 
ืžื™ื˜ ื“ืขืจ ืื™ื™ื ืขื ืขืจ ื‘ื™ืžื”, ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ ืื™ื™ื ืขื ืข ื”ืขื ื’ืœื™ื™ื›ื˜ืขืจ. ื ืึธืจ 
ื“ื™ ืžืขื ืฉืขืŸ --- ื“ื™ ืžืขื ืฉืขืŸ ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ ื–ื™ืš ืื™ื‘ืขืจื’ืขื‘ื™ื˜ืขืŸ, ืฉื˜ืึทืจืง 
ืคืขืจืขื ื“ืขืจื˜ ื’ืขืฐืึธืจืขืŸ, ืึทื–ืฑ, ืึทื– ืก'ืื™ื– ื›ืžืขื˜ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืฆื• ื“ืขืจืงืขื ืขืŸ 
ื–ื™ื™, โ€ ืจื™ ืึทืœื˜ืข ืœื™ื™ื˜ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ืœืึทื ื’ ืืฑื™ืกื ืขืฉื˜ืึธืจื‘ืขืŸ, ืื•ืŸ ืื•ื™ืค'ืŸ 
ื”ื™ื™ืœื™ื’ืขืŸ ืึธืจื˜ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืžืกืชืžื ืฆื•ื ืขืงื•ืžืขืŸ ืึท ืฉืขืŸ ื‘ื™ืกืข? ืžืฆื‘ื•ืช 
ืžื™ื˜ ืฉืขื ืข ืื•ื™ืคืฉืจื™ืคื˜ืขืŸ, ื“ื™ ื™ื•ื ื’ืขืœื™ื™ื˜ ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ ื‘ืขืงื•ืžืขืŸ ื’ืจื•ื™ืข 
ื‘ืขืจื“ืœืขืš. ื“ื™ ื ื‘ืื™ื ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื ื™ื™ืข, ืึท ื—ื–ืŸ ื ื ื™ื™ืขืจ, 8 ืฉืžืฉ ื ื ื™ื™ืขืจ, 


ืึธืคึผื’ืขืฉืœืึธื’ืขื ืข ื”ื•ืฉืขื ื•ืช 17 


ืžื™ื ื ื™ื™ืข ื ื™ื ื•ื ื™ื, ืžื ื—ื’ื™ื ื ื™ื™ืข --- ื’ึถืึฒืœึถืข ื ื™ื•ืขืก ืื•ืŸ ื ื™ื™ืขืก ืืŸ 
ื’ื ื™ื™ืขื {.. 

ืื™ื™ื ืžืึธืœ? -- ื—ื•ืฉืขื ื-ืจื‘ื” ืื™ื– ื“ืึธืก ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ -- ื“ืขืจ ื’ื™ื™ืขืจ ื—ื–ืŸ 
ืžื™ื˜'ืŸ ื ื™ื™ืขื ื›ืึธื”ืจ ื”ืื˜ ื–ืขื”ืจ ืฉืขืŸ ื’ืขื–ื ื’ืขืŸ ื“ืขื ,ืงื•ืœ ืžื›ืฉืจ 
ืžื‘ืฉืจ ื•ืื•ืžืจ", ืื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืขื•ืœื˜ ื”ืึธื˜ ื–ื™ืš ื ื ืขื ื’ืขื˜ื”ืึธืŸ ืึธืคึผืฉืœืึธื ืขืŸ 
ื“ื™ ื‘ืœืขื˜ืœืขืš ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื”ื•ืฉืขื ื•ืช (ื“ืขืจ ื“ืึธื–ื™ื’ืขืจ ืžื ื—ื’ ืื™ื–, ืืคึผื ื™ื, 
ืคืขืจื‘ืœื™ื‘ืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืฉื˜ืขื ื“ื™ื’), ืื•ืŸ ืื™ืš ื”ืึธื‘ ื‘ืขืžืขืจืงื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจื•ื•ื™ื™ื˜ืขืŸ 
ืื™ื™ืŸ ืืœื˜ืขื˜ืฉืงืขืŸ, ืข ื’ืจื™ื™ื– ื’ืจื•ื™ืขืŸ, ื˜ื™ื™ืŸ ืึทื™ื™ื ื’ืขื”ื•ื™ืงืขืจื˜ืขืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ื 
ื”ืึทืจื‘ืึทื˜ืขืจ ื ืึธื–, ืžื™ื˜ ืžื•ืจื ื“ื™ื’ืข ื’ืขื“ื™ื›ื˜ืข ื‘ืจืขืžืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ื 
ื‘ืึธืจื“, ืฐืึธืก ืึธื ื”ื•ื™ื‘ืขืŸ ื”ื•ื™ื‘ื˜ ื–ื™ ื–ื™ืš ืึธืŸ, ื“ืึทื›ื˜ ื–ื™ืš, ื’ืจืื‘ ืื•ืŸ ื’ืข- 
ื“ื™ื›ื˜, ืื•ืŸ ืื•ื™ืกืœืึธื–ืขืŸ ืœืึธื–ื˜ ื–ื™ ื–ื™ืš ืื•ื™ื ื“ื•ืงื ื“ื™ืŸ, ืžื™ื˜ ืขื˜ืœื™ื›ืข 
ืฉื™ื˜ืขืจืข ืงืึทื ื’ืข ื‘ื™ื™ื–ืข ื”ืึธืจ, -- ืื•ืŸ ืขื˜ ื”ืึธื˜ ืžื™ืš ื’ืขื˜ื”ืึธืŸ ื ืฆื™ื” 
ืฆื•ื ื“ืึธื–ื™ื’ืขืŸ ืืœื˜ืขื˜ืฉืงืขืŸ, ืื•ืŸ ืื™ืš ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฆื• ืื™ื”ื ืฆื•ื’ืขื’ืึทื ื ืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ 
ื”ืึธื‘ ืื™ื”ื ืื•ื™ืกื’ืขืฆื•ื™ื ืขืŸ ื“ื™ ื”ืึทื ื“. 

--- ืฉืœื•ื ืขืœื™ื›ื ืื™ื™ืš... ื“ืึทื›ื˜ ื–ื™ืš, ืจื‘ ืื™ืกืจ,,. ื“ืขืจ ืฉืžืฉ9 

-- ื“ืขืจ ืฉืžืฉ? ืฐืึธืกืขืจ ืฉืžืฉ ? ืฉื•ึนื™ืŸ ืœืื ื’ ืื•ื™ื˜ ืฉืžืฉ. 
ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ืœืึทื ื’ ืึตื™ื™ืŸ ืึธืคึผื ืขืฉืœืึทื’ืขื ืข ื”ื•ืฉืขื ื -- ื”ืข-ื—ืงืข|.. 

ืึทื–ืฑื™ ื”ืึธื˜ ืžื™ืจ ื“ืขืจ ืึทืœื˜ืขื˜ืฉืงืขืจ 6 ื–ืึธื’ ื’ืขื˜ื”ืึธืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ืึท 
ืฆื™ื˜ืขืจื™ื’ ืงื•ืœ ืื•ืŸ ื˜ ื™ื•ื™ื™ืŸ ื’ืขืžื”ืืŸ ืžื™ื 8 ืฆื™ื˜ืขืจื™ื ืขืจ ื”ืื ืจ ืื•ื™ืฃ 
ื“ืขืจ ืึธืคึผื ืขืฉืœืึทื ืขื ืขืจ ื”ื•ืฉืขื ื˜, ืฐืึธืก ื”ืึธื˜ ื–ื™ืš ื’ืขืฐืึทืœื ืขืจื˜ ืคืึทืจ 
ื–ื™ื™ื ืข ืคื•ื, ืื•ืŸ ื ื‘ื™ื˜ืขืจ ืฉืžื™ื™ื›ืขืค ื”ืึธืก ื–ื™ืš ื’ืขืฉืคึผื™ืขืœื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ืขืจ 
ื’ืจื™ื™ื–-ื’ืจื•ื™ืขืจ ื‘ืึธืจื“, ืฐืึธืก ืื ื”ื•ึนื™ื‘ืขืŸ ื”ื•ื™ื‘ื˜ ื–ื™ ื–ื™ืš ืึธืŸ, ื“ืึทื›ื˜ ื–ื™ืš, 
ื ;ืจืึธื‘ ืื•ืŸ ื’ืขื“ื™ื›ื˜, ืื•ืŸ ืœืึทื–ืขืŸ ืœืึธื–ื˜ ื–ื™ ื–ื™ืš ืื•ึนื™ืก ื“ื•ืงื ืจื™ืŸ, ืžื™ื˜ 
ืขื˜ืœื™ื›ืข ืฉื™ื˜ืขืจืข ืœืึทื ื’ืข ื ืึธืš ืึทืœืฅ ื‘ื™ื•ื–ืข ื”ืืจื™ 


ืฉืœื•ื-ืขืœื™ื›ื ื‘, 1 * 12 


= 
ื‘ื•ืขื– ื“ืขืจ ืžืœืžืจ. 
1 


ื“ืึธืก ืฐืึธืก ืื™ืš ื”ืึธื‘ ื’ืขืคื™ื”ืœื˜ ื“ืขื ืขืจืฉื˜ืขืŸ ื˜ืึธื’, ื‘ืฉืขืช ื“ื™ 
ืžืืžืข ื”ืึธื˜ ืžื™ืš ืึธืคึผื’ืขืคื™ื”ืจื˜ ืคืึทืจ ื ื”ืึทื ื“ ืฆื• ื‘ื•ืขื–'ืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื—ื“ืจ 
ืืจื™ื™ืŸ, ื‘ืขื“ืืจืฃ ืคื™ื—ืœืขืŸ ืึท ื™ื•ื ื’ ืขื•ืค'ืขืœืข, ื‘ืฉืขืช ืžืข ืฉืœืึธื’ื˜-ืึธืคึผ 
ืžื™ื˜ ื“ืขื ื›ืคึผืจื•ืช ืื•ืŸ ืžืข ื˜ืจืึธื’ื˜ ื“ืึธืก ืึถืคึผ ืฆื•ื ืฉื•ื—ื˜. ืขื ืฆืึท- 
ืคึผืขืœื˜ ื“ืึธืก ื™ื•ื ื’ืข ืขื•ืค'ืขืœืข, ืคืœืึทื˜ืขืจื˜ ื ืขื‘ืึทืš; ืคืขืจืฉื˜ืขื”ืŸ ืคืขืจ- 
ืฉื˜ืขื”ื˜ ื“ืึธืก ื ื™ื˜, ื ืึธืจ ืคื™ื”ืœืขืŸ ืคื™ื”ืœื˜ ื“ืึธืก, ืึทืŸ ื“ืึท ืฉืžืขืงื˜ ื ื™ืฉื˜ 
ืžื™ื˜ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืคึผืจืึธืกืข, ื ืึธืจ ืžื™ื˜ ืขืคึผื™ื ืึทื ื“ืขืจืฉ... ื ื™ื˜ ืื•ืžื–ื™ืกื˜ ื”ืึธื˜ 
ื–ื™ ืžื™ืš ื’ืขื˜ืจื™ื™ืกื˜, ื“ื™ ืžืึทืžืข ืžื™ื™ื ืข, ืึทื– ื“ืขืจ ื ื•ื˜ืขืจ ืžืœืืš ืฐืขื˜ 
ืžื™ืจ ืฐืึทื“ืคืขืŸ ืึท ื’ืจืึธืฉืขืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืกื˜ืขืœื™; ื ื™ื˜ ืื•ืžื–ื™ืกื˜ ื”ืึธื˜ ื–ื™ 
ืžื™ืจ ื’ืขืฉืขื ืกื˜ ื ื’ืึทื ืฆืขืŸ ืขืคึผืขืœ ืžื™ื˜ ื ืกื•ืฉ ืื™ืŸ ืฉื˜ืขืจืŸ ืืจื™ื™ืŸ; 
ื ื™ื˜ ืื•ืžื–ื™ืกื˜ ื”ืึธื˜ ื–ื™ ื’ืขื‘ืขื˜ืขืŸ ื‘ื•ืขื–'ืขืŸ, ืขืจ ื–ืึธืœ ื’ืขื”ืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ืžื™ืจ 
ืึท ื‘ื™ืกืขืœืข ื•ื•ื™ื™ื›ืขืจ, ื—ืึธื˜ืฉ ื ื‘ื™'ืกืข ืœืข ื•ื™ื™ื›ืขืจ, ืžื—ืžืช (ื“ืึธืก 
ืงื™ื ื“ ื”ืึธื˜ ืขืจืฉื˜ ื ื™ื˜ ืœืึทื ื’ ื’ืขืžืึธื–ืขืœื˜ ... 

ืึทื–ืฑ ื”ืึธื˜ ื ื–ืึธื’ ื ืขื˜ื”ืึธืŸ ื“ื™ ืžืึทืžืข ืื•ืŸ ืึท ื•ื•ื™ื™ื– ื’ืขื˜ื”ืึธืŸ ืžื™ื˜ 
ื“ืขืจ ื”ืื ื“ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืžื™ืจ, ื ืœื™ื™ืš ื•ื™ ื–ื™ ืฐืึธืœื˜ ืื™ื‘ืขืจื’ืขื‘ืขืŸ ื‘ื•ืขื–'ืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ 
ื“ื™ ื”ืขื ื“ ืื•ื™ื™ืŸ ืขืคึผื™ืก ื–ืขื”ืจ ื ื˜ื”ื™ื™ืขืจืข ื›ืœื™ ืคื•ืŸ ืงืจื™ืฉื˜ืึธืœ, ืฐืึธืก 
ื˜ืึธืžืขืจ ื—ืœื™ืœื— ืื™ื™ืŸ ืจื™ื”ืจ --- ืื™ื– ืื•ื™ื ื›ืœื™ ! 

ื ืฆื•ืคืจื™ืขื“ืขื ืข, ืึท ื’ืœื™ืงืœื™ื›ืข ืื™ื– ื“ื™ ืžืึทืžืข ื’ืขื’ืื ื’ืขืŸ ืื”ื™ื™ื, 
ืื•ืŸ ,ื“ืึธืก ืงื™ื ื“ ืฐืึธืก ื”ืึธื˜ ืขืจืฉื˜ ื ื™ื˜ ืคึฟืึทื ื’ ื’ืขืžืึธื–ืขืœื˜" ืื™ืŸ ืื™ื‘ืขืจ- 
ื’ืขื‘ืœื™ื‘ืขืŸ ืึทืœื™ื™ืŸ, ืชื—ื™ืœืช ืึท ื‘ื™ืกืข? ืึท ื•ื•ื™ื™ืŸ ื’ืขื˜ื”ืึธืŸ, ื ืึธื›ื“ืขื ืื•ื™ืก" 

18 


ืึธืคึผื’ืขืฉืœื˜ื’ืขื ืข ื—ื•ืฉืขื ื•ืช ื™: 19 


ื’ืขื•ื•ื™ืฉื˜ ื“ื™ ืื•ื™ื’ืœืขืš ืื•ืŸ ืžืงื‘ืค ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื–ื™ืš ื“ืขื ืขื•ืœ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจ 
ืชื•ืจื” ืื•ืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืจืš-ืืจืฅ, ืื•ืŸ ืึทืจืฑืกื’ืขืงื•ืกื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ืขื ื’ื•ื˜ืขืŸ ืžืœืืš, / 
ืฐื•ืึธืก ืฐืขื˜ ืื™ื”ื ื•ื•ืืจืคืขืŸ ืžืกืชืžื ื‘ืืœื“ ืึท ื’ืจืึธืฉืขืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจ 
ืกื˜ืขืœื™. 

ืื•ื™, ืื˜ ื“ืขืจ ื’ื ื•ื˜ืขืจ ืžืœืืš ! ืึธืก ื“ืขืจ ื’ื•ื˜ืขืจ ืžืœืืš ! ื‘ืขืกืขืจ 
ืฐืึธืœื˜ ื“ื™ ืžืืžืข ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื“ืขืจืžืึทื ื˜ ื“ืขื ื ืึธืžืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ื ืขื ! ืฐืึธืจื•ื ืึทื– 
ื‘ื•ืขื– ืื™ื– ืฆื•ื’ืขื’ืึทื ื’ืขืŸ ืฆื• ืžื™ืจ, ืžื™ืš ื’ืขื’ืขื‘ืขืŸ ืึท ื ืขื ืžื•ื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื˜ืจืŸ- 
ืงืขื ืขืจ ื‘ืขื•ื•ืื›ื˜ืขื ืขืจ ื”ืื ื“ ืื•ืŸ ืึท ื–ืขืฅ-ืึทื ื™ื“ืขืจ ืฆื•ื ื˜ื™ืฉ, ืื™ืŸ ืžื™ืจ 
ืฉืื•ึนื™ืŸ ื’ืขืฐืึธืจืขืŸ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื’ื•ื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืฆื• ื—ืœืฉืขืŸ, ืื•ืŸ ืื™ืš ื”ืึธื‘ ืฉื•ื™ืŸ 
ืื•ื™ืคื’ืขื”ื•ื™ื‘ืขืŸ ืจืขื ืงืึธืžึผ ื˜ืจื•ื™ืฃ ืฆื• ื“ืขืจ ืกื˜ืขืœื™, ืื•ืŸ ื”ืึธื‘ ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ื ืข- 
ื—ืืคึผื˜ ื“ืขื ืฉืขื ืขื ืคึผืกืง ืคื•ื 'ื ืจื‘ื™ืŸ ืžื™ื˜ืฅ ืจืขื›ื˜ืขืŸ ืฆื™ื— ืคืืจ'ืŸ 
ืื•ื™ื”ืขืจ: , ืžืžื–ืจ ! ื•ื•ืื•ื”ื™ืŸ ืงื•ืงืกื˜ ื“ื•ืก" 

ืฉื•ื“ืื™ ื”ืึธื˜ ื–ื™ืš , ื“ืึธื ืงื™ื ื“ ืฐืึธืก ื”ืึธื˜ ืขืจืฉื˜ ื ื™ื˜ ืœืึทื ื’ ื’ืข- 
ืžืึธื–ืขืœื˜" ืึท ื‘ื™ืกืขืœืข ืฆืขืคึผืขืกื˜ืขื˜: ,ืžื -ืžืข!" ืื•ืŸ ืขืจืฉื˜ ื“ืข- 
ืžืึธืœื˜ ืคืขืจื–ื•ื›ื˜ ื“ืขื ืืžืช'ืขืŸ ื˜ืขื ืคื•ื’'ื ืจื‘ื™ื 'ืก ืฉืžื™ืฅ: ,ืึท ื™ื•ื - 
ื’ืขืœืข ื–ืึธืœ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืงื•ืงืขืŸ ืึทื—ื™ืŸ ื•ื•ืื• ืžืข ื“ืึทืจืฃ ื ื™ื !.. ,ื ื™ื•ื ื’ืขืœืข 
ื–ืึธืœ ื ื™ื˜ ืจืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ืฐื™ ืึท ืงืขืœื‘ืข? ื˜ืึทื™ืžืข |!".. 


11 


ื“ื™ ืžืขื˜ืึธื“ืข ืžื•ื 'ื ืจื‘ื™ืŸ ื‘ื•ืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื‘ืขืฉื˜ืึทื ืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืื™ื™ืŸ 
ื–ืืš: ืฉืžื™ืฅ. ืคืืจ ืฐืึธืก ืขืคึผื™ืก ืฉืžื™ืฅ ? ืขืจ ื”ืึธื˜ ื“ืึธืก ื’ืขื’ืขื‘ืขืŸ 
ืฆื• ืคืขืจืฉื˜ืขื—ืŸ ืžื™ื˜'ืŸ ืฉื›ืœ ืื•ืŸ ื’ืขื‘ืจื˜ื›ื˜ ืึท ืžืฉืœ ืคื•ืŸ, ืœื”ื‘ืจื™ืœ, ืึท 
ืคืขืจืจ : ืื™ื‘ืขืจ ืฐืึธืก ื ืขื”ื˜ 8 ืคืขืจืจ 3 ื•ื•ื™ื™? ืขืจ ื”ืึธื˜ ืžื•ืจื. ืžืืจ 
ื•ืึธืก ื”ืึธื˜ ืžื•ืจื ืึท ืžืขืจืš ? ืคึฟืขึทืจ ื˜ ืฉืžื™ืฅ. ืคื•ื ืงื˜ ืึทื–ืฑ ืื™ืŸ ืžื™ื˜ 
6 ืงื™ื ืจ, ื ืงื™ื ื“ ื‘ืขืจืืจืฃ ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ ืžื•ืจื : ืžื•ืจื ืคืึทืจ ื’ืึธื˜, ืžื•ืจื 
ืคืืจ'ืŸ ืจื‘ื™ืฅ, ืžื•ืจื ืคึฟืึทืจ ื˜ืื˜ืข-ืžืึทืžืข, ืžื•ืจื ืคืึทืจ ืึตื™ื™ืŸ ืขื‘ื™ืจื”, 
ืžื•ืจื ืคืึทืจ โ€ ืฉืœืขื›ื˜ืข ืžื—ืฉื‘ื”.,. ืื•ึนืŸ ื‘ื›ื“ื™ 8 ืงื™ื ื“ ื–ืึธืœ ื˜ืึทืงื™ 
ืคื•ืจื ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ ืฐืึธื˜ ืžื•ืจื ื”ื™ื™ืกื˜, ื‘ืขื“ืืจืฃ ืžืขืŸ ื“ืึธื ื’ืึทื ืฅ ืžื™ื™ืŸ 
ืึธืคึผืฉืคึผื™ืœื™ืขืŸ, ื‘ืขืœ-ื—ื‘ืชื™ืฉ ืื ื™ื“ืขืจืœืขื ืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ ื˜ืจื™ื™ื ืฆื™ืžื‘ืœืขืŸ ื ืคืึธืจ 


180 | 8 ' ืฉืœื•ื˜ืจืขืœื•ืคื? 


ืฆืขื”ื ื“ืœื™ื’ ืฉืžื™ืฆืœืขืš, ,ืื•ื™, ืฉืžื™ืฆืœืขืš-ืžื•ืฆืœื— ! ื ื™ื˜ืึธ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ื’ืขืคืขืจืข 
ื–ืืš ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ืขืจ ื•ื•ืขืœื˜, ื•ื™ ื ืจื•ื˜, ืื•ืŸ ?ืขื‘ืขืŸ ื–ืึธืœ ื“ืขืจ ืงืึทื ื˜ืฉื™ืง !" 

ืึทื–ืฑ ื–ืึธื’ื˜ ื‘ื•ืขื– ืื•ืŸ ื ืขืžื˜ ื“ืขื ืงืื ื˜ืฉื™ืง ืื™ืŸ ื”ืฉื ื“ ืืจื™ื™ืŸ 
ืคึผืึทืฐืึธืœื™ื ืงืข, ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื’ืขื—ืึทืคึผื˜, ื‘ืขื˜ืจืึทื›ื˜ ืื™ื”ื ืคื•ืŸ ืึทืœืข ื–ื™ื™ื˜ืขืŸ, ืฐื™ 
ืžืข ื‘ืขื˜ืจืึทื›ื˜ ืึตื™ื™ืŸ ืืจืจื•ื , ื ืึธื›ื“ืขื ื ืขืžื˜ ืขืจ ื–ื™ืš ืฆื• ื“ืขืจ ืžืœืึธื›ื” 
ืขืจื ืกื˜, ืžื™ื˜ ื™ืฉื•ื‘-ื—ื“ืขืช, ื–ื™ื ื’ื˜-ืฆื• ื‘ืฉืขืช ืžืขืฉื” ืื•ืŸ ืฉืึธืงืขืœื˜-ืฆื“ 
ืžื™ื˜'ืŸ ืงืึธืค; 


ืฉืžื™ืฆืœืขืš ! 
ืžื•ืฆืœื— ! 

ืฉืžื™ืฆืœืขืš ! 
ืžื•ืฆืœื— ! 


ื”ื“ื•ืฉื™ื ื•ื ืคืœืื•ืช ! ื‘ื•ืขื– ืฆืขื”ืœื˜ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืื•ืŸ ื”ืึธื˜ ืงืฒื™ื ืžืึธืคึผ 
ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ื˜ืขื•ืช. ื‘ื•ืขื– ืฉืžื™ื™ืกื˜ ืื•ืŸ ืื™ื– ืงื™ื™ื ืžืึธืœ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืื™ืŸ ื›ืขืก. 
ื‘ื•ืขื– ืื™ื– ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืžืขื ืฉ ืคื•ืŸ ื›ืขืก; ืื™ืŸ ื›ืขืก ืื™ื– ืขืจ ื ืึทืจ ื“ืข" 
ืžืึธืœื˜, ื•ื•ืขืŸ ืึท ืงื™ื ื“ ืœืึธื–ื˜ ื–ื™ืš ื ื™ื˜ ืฉืžื™ื™ืกืขืŸ, ืจื™ื™ืกื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืคื•ืŸ ืจื™ 
ื”ืขื ื“, ื“ืจื™ื’ืขื˜ ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ ืคื™ืกืœืขืš. ื–ืขื”ื˜ ืื™ื”ืจ, ื“ืขืžืึธืœื˜ ืื™ืŸ ืขืคึผื™ืก 
ืึทื ื“ืขืจืฉ,. ื“ืขืžืึธืœื˜ ื•ื•ืขืจืขืŸ ื“ื™ ืื•ื™ื’ืขืŸ ืึธื ื’ืขื ืึธืกืขืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ื‘ืœื•ื˜, ืื•ืŸ 
ืขืจ ืฉืžื™ื™ืกื˜ ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ืึถื”ืŸ ืึท ื ื™ื ื•ืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืึถื—ืŸ ื ืฆืึธื”ืœ: /ืึท ื™ื•ื ื’ืขืœืข 
ื“ืึทืจืฃ ืคื™ื ืขืŸ ืฉื˜ื™?, ืึทื– ื ืจื‘ื™ ืฉืžื™ื™ืกื˜ !... ืึท ื™ื•ื ื’ืขืœืข ื“ืึทืจืฃ ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ 
ื“ืจืš-ื–ืืจืฅ ืืคื™ืœื• ื“ืขืžืึธืœื˜, ื•ื•ืขืŸ ืžืข ืฉืžื™ื™ืกื˜ ืื™ื”ื !"... 

ืื•ื™ืš ืื™ื– ื‘ื•ืขื– ืื™ืŸ ื›ืขืก, ื˜ืึธืžืขืจ ืœืึทื›ื˜ ืึท. ืงื™ื ื“ ื‘ืฉืขืช ืžืข 
ืฉืžื™ื™ืกื˜ ื“ืึธืก (ืคืึทืจื”ืืŸ ืึทื–ืขืœื›ืข ืงื™ื ื“ืขืจ, ืฐืึธืก ืœืึทื›ืขืŸ ื‘ืฉืขืช ืžืข 
ืฉืžื™ื™ืกื˜ ื–ื™ื™ ; ืึท ื—ื•ืœืืช, ื–ืึธื’ื˜ ืžืขืŸ..). ื‘ื™ื™ ื‘ื•ืขื–'ืขืŸ ืœืึทื›ืขืŸ --- ืื™ื– 
ืกื›ื ืช-ื ืคืฉื•ืช ! ื‘ื•ืขื– ื”ืึธื˜ ืึทืœึตื™ื™ืŸ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื’ืขืœืึทื›ื˜ ื–ื™ื ื˜ ืขืจ ืœืขื‘ื˜, 
ืื•ืŸ ื”ืึธื˜ ืคื™ื™ื ื˜, ืึทื– ื“ืขืจ ืึทื ื“ืขืจืขืจ ืœืึทื›ื˜. ืžืข ื”ืึธื˜ ื’ืขืงืึทื ื˜ ืฆื•- 
ื–ืึธื’ืขืŸ ื“ื™ ื’ืจืขืกื˜ืข ืคึผื“ืขืžื™ืข ื™ืขื ืขื ืžืขื ืฉืขืŸ, ืฐืึธืก ืฐืขื˜ ืฉื•ืขืจืขืŸ 
ื‘ึผื ืืžื ื•ืช, ืึทื– ืขืจ ื”ืึธื˜ ืึทืœึทื™ื™ืŸ ื’ืขื–ืขื”ืขืŸ ื‘ื•ืขื–'ืขืŸ ืœืึทื›ืขืŸ. ื‘ื•ืขื– ืื™ืŸ 
ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืžืขื ืฉ ืคื•ืŸ ืœืึทื›ืขืŸ. ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืคึผื ื™ื ืื™ืŸ ื ืึธืจ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืžืกื•ื ืœ 
ื“ืขืจืฆื•. ื‘ื•ืขื–'ืก ืคึผื ื™ื ื–ืึธืœ ืึธื ื”ืฑื‘ืขืŸ ืœืึทื›ืขืŸ, ืฐืึธืœื˜ ื“ืึธืก ื’ืขื•ื•ื™ื 
ืื•ื™ืกื–ืขื—ืŸ ืึท ืกืš ืขืจื’ืขืจ ืฐื™ ื‘ื™ื™ ืื™ื™ื ืขื ืฐืึธืก ื•ื™ื™ื ื˜ (ืคืึทืจื”ืึทืŸ, 


ืึธืคึผื’ืขืฉืœืึธื’ืขื ืข ื—ื•ืฉืขื ื•ืช ื•' 1813 


ืคืืจื”ืึทืŸ ืึทื–ืขืœื›ืข ืคึผื ื™ืž'ืขืจ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ืขืจ ื•ื•ืขืœื˜ !). ืื•ืŸ ืฐืึธืก ืื™ืŸ ื˜ืึทืงื™ 
ื‘ืืžืช ืคืืจ ื˜ื™ื™ืŸ ืขื•ื‘ื“ื ืœืื›ืขืŸ? ืœืื›ืขืŸ -- ืœืึทื›ืขืŸ ื“ืึธืš ืžืขื ืฉืขืŸ 
ืขืจื™ื ื’ืขื”ืขืจื, ืคึผื•ื˜ื˜ืข ืงืขื˜, ืœืฆื™ื, ื”ื•ืœื˜ื™ื™ืขืก. ืึธื‘ืขืจ ืžืขื ืฉืขืŸ, 
ืฐืึธืก ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื–ื™ืš ื“ืื ื•ืช ืคึผืจื ืกื—, ืฐืึธืก ื˜ืจืึธื’ืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื–ื™ืš ื”ืขื 
ืขื•? ืคื•ืŸ ืชื•ืจื— ืื•ืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืจืš-ืืจืฅ, ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืฆื™ื™ื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืฆื• 
ืœืึทื›ืขืŸ, ื‘ื•ืขื– ื”ืึธื˜ ืงื™ื™ื ืžืึธ? ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืฆื™ื™ื˜ ื ื™ื˜. ื‘ื•ืขื– ืึถื“ืขืจ ืขืจ 
ืงื ืขืœื˜, ืึธื“ืขืจ ืขืจ ืฉืžื™ื™ืกื˜, ื“ืึธืก ื”ื™ื™ืกื˜, ืขืจ ืกื ืขืœื˜ ืฉืžื™ื™ืกืขื ืจื™ื’, 
ืึทื“ืขืจ ืขืจ ืฉืžื™ื™ืกื˜ ืงื ืขืœืขื ื“ื™ื  --- ืฉื•ื•ืขืจ ืึธืคึผืฆื•ื˜ืฒืœืขืŸ ืื™ื™ื ืก ืคื•ื 'ื 
ืฉื ื“ืขืจืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ ื–ืึธื’ืขืŸ  ;โ€ ื•ื•ืื• ืœืึธื–ื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืื•ื™ื ื‘ื™ื™ ืื™ื”ื , ื’ืขืงื’ืขืœื˜" 
ืื•ืŸ ื•ื•ืืŸ ื”ื•ื™ื‘ื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืึดืŸ ,ื’ืขืฉืžื™ืกืขืŸ". 

ืื•ืŸ ื’ืขืฉืžื™ืกืขืŸ ื”ืึธื˜ ืื•ื ื– ื‘ื•ืขื–, ื“ืึทืจืคื˜ ืื™ื”ืจ ื•ื•ื™ืกืขืŸ, ืงื™ื™ื - 
ืžืืœ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืื•ืžื•ื™ืกื˜. ืก'ืื™ืŸ ืชืžื™ืจ ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ื ื˜ืขื ืคืึทืจ ืฐืึธืก ; 
ืคื˜ืจ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื’ื•ื ื’ืขืœืขืจืขื ื˜, ืžืึทืจ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื’ื•ื˜ ื’ืขืฐืึธืœื˜ ื“ืึทืฐื ืขืŸ, ืžืึทืš 
ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื’ืขืคืึธืœื ื˜ ื˜ืึทื˜ืข-ืžืึทืžืข, ืคื˜ืจ ื ื™ื˜ ืึทืจื™ื™ื ื’ืขืงื•ืงื˜, ืคืึทืจ ืึทืจืฑืก- 
ื’ืขืงื•ืงื˜, ืคืึทืจ ื’ืœืึธื˜ ื’ืขืงื•ืงื˜, ืคึฟืึทืจ ืฆื• ื’ื™ืš ื’ืขื“ืืฐืขื ื˜, ืคึฟืึทืจ ืฆื• 
ืคึผืึทืฐืึธืœื• ื’ืขื“ืืฐืขื ื˜, ืคึฟืึทืจ ืฆื• ื”ื•ื™ืš ื’ืขืจืขืจื˜, ืคืึทืจ ืฆื• ืฉื˜ื™ืœ ื’ืข- 
ืจืขื“ื˜, ืคื˜ืจ ืื™ื™ืŸ ืึธืคึผื’ืขืจื™ื˜ืขื ืขื ืœืึทืฅ, ืคื˜ืจ ืึท ืงื ืขืคึผืขืœ, ืคืืจ ื ืจื™ืก, 
ืคึฟืึทืจ ื˜ ื“ืจืึทืคึผ, ืคืึทืจ ืื•ื™ืกื’ืขืฉืžื™ืจื˜ืข ื”ืขื ื“, ืคืึทืจ ืึท ืคืขืจืคืœืขืงื˜ืขืŸ 
ืกื“ื•ืจ, ืคืึทืจ 8 ื ืึทืฉืขืจืฒื™, ืคืืจ ืึท ืœื•ื™ืคืขืจื™ื™, ืคืึทืš 8 ืฉื˜ื™ืคืขืจื™ื™, ืื•ืŸ 
ื˜ื–ื•ื™ ื•ื•ื™ื™ื˜ืขืจ ืื•ืŸ ื•ื•ื™ื™ื˜ืขืจ, ืึถื”ืŸ ืื™ื™ืŸ ืขืง. 

ื“ืึธืก ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ, ืงืึธืŸ ืžืขืŸ ื–ืึธื’ืขืŸ, ืฉืžื™ืฅ ืคืืจ ,ืขืœ ื—ื˜ื 
ืฉื—ื˜ืื ื• ืœืคื ื™ืš ื‘ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื" ื”ื™ื™ื ื˜ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ืฉืžื™ืฅ ืคืึทืจ 
,ืขืœ ื—ื˜ื ืฉื—ื˜ืื ื• ืœืคื ื™ืš ื‘ ืœื ื•ื™ ื•ื“ืขื™ื", ื“ื”ื™ื™ื ื•: ืฉืžื™ืฅ ืื•ื™ืฃ 
ืœื”ื‘ื, ืึทืœืข ืขืจื‘ ืฉื‘ืช ืื•ืŸ ืืœืข ืขืจื‘ ื™ื•ื"ื˜ื•ื‘ ืื•ืŸ ืึทืœืข ืขืจื‘ ื‘ื™ืŸ- 
ื”ื–ืžื ื™ื, ืžื™ื˜ ื ืคึผื™ืจื•ืฉ ื“ืขืจื•ื™ืฃ. ,ื˜ืึธืžืขืจ ืฐืึธื˜ ืื™ื—ืจ ื“ืจื™ ืฉืžื™ืฅ 
ื ืืš ื ื™ื˜ ืคืึทืจื“ื™ืขื ื˜, ืฐืขื˜ ืื™ื—ืจ ื–ื™ื™, ืื ื™ืจืฆื” ื”ืฉื, ื›ึทืฉืจ ืคึฟืึทืจ- 
ื“ื™ืขื ืขืŸ .... ืึทื“ืขืจ ืฉืžื™ืฅ ืึทื–ืขืœื›ืข, ืฐืึธืก ืขืžื™ืฆืขืจ, ืื™ื™ืŸ ืื™ื™ื’ืขื ืขืฃ 
ืึธื“ืขืจ ืึท ืคืจืขืžื“ืขืจ, ื”ืึธื˜ ืึตื™ื™ืš ื’ืขืฐืึธืœื˜ = ื˜ื•ื‘ื” ืžื—ื•ืŸ, ืฆื•ื ืขืฉื˜ืขืœื˜ 
8 ื‘ืขื ืงืขืœืข ืคืืจ'ืŸ ืจื‘ื™'ืŸ. ืึทื“ืขืš ืฉืžื™ืฅ ืžื™ื ื˜ื™ื™ืŸ ืึธื ืฆื•ื”ืขืจืขื ื™ืฉ 
ืคื•ื 'ื ืจื‘ื™'ืŸ ืึทืœื™ื™ืŸ ; ,ื“ื• ื•ื•ื™ื™ืกื˜ ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ืึทืœึตื™ื™ืŸ ืžืกืชืžื, ืคื˜ืจ ื•ืึทืกืขืจืข 


189 -ืฉืœื•ื-ืขืœื•ืคื‘ื 


ืžืขืฉื™ื ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื",.. ืึธื“ืขืจ ืฉืžื™ืฅ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื ืฆื™ืงืืฐื•ืขืกื˜: ืขืœืึธื ืื™ืš 
ื–ืขื”ืŸ ืึทืงืึธืจืฉื˜, ื•ื™ ืึทื–ืฑ ื ื™ื•ื ื’ืขืœืข ืœึฟืึธื–ื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืฉืžื™ื™ืกืขืŸ"... ืžื™ื 
ืื™ื™ื ืขื ื•ืึธืจื˜: ,ืฉืžื™ืฅ", ,ืงืึทื ื˜ืฉื™ืง?, ,ืžื•ืจื", ,ื˜ืจืขืจืขืŸ? -- 
ืึธื˜ ืฐืึธืก ืื™ืŸ ื™ืขื ืขืจ ืฆื™ื™ื˜ ื”ืึธื˜ ื’ืขื˜ื”ืึธืŸ ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืœื˜ื™ื ืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืื•ื ื–ืขืจ 
ืงืœื™ื™ืŸ ื ืึทืจื™ืฉ ืงื™ื ื“ืขืจืฉ ื•ื•ืขืœื˜ืขืœ, ืึดื”ืŸ ืึท ืฉื•ื ืขืฆื”, ืึถื”ืŸ ืึท ืฉื•ื 
ืจืคื•ืื”, ืึธื”ืŸ ืึท ืฉื•ื ืฉื˜ืจืื”? ืคื•ืŸ ื”ืึธืคืขื ื•ื ื’ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืคึผื˜ื•ืจ ืฆื• ื•ื•ืขืจืขืŸ 
ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขื ื’ื™ื”ื ื ... ื™ื™ 

ืื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ื’ื•ื˜ืขืจ ืžืœืืš, ืฐืึธืก ื“ื™ ืžืึทืžืข ื”ืึธื˜ ื’ืขื–ืึธื’ื˜? ื•ืื• 
ืื™ื– ืขืจ ืขืจื’ื™ืฅ, ื™ืขื ืขืจ ื’ื•ื˜ืขืจ ืžืœืืš ? 


ื— 


ืื™ืš ืžื•ื– ืžื™ืš ื•ื“ืช ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืžืืจ ืึทื™ื™ืš, ืึทื– ืื™ืš ื”ืึธื› ืฆื™ื™ื˜ืขื ื•ื™ื™ื– 
ื’ืขืงืฐื•ื™ื™ื ืงืขืœื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืฉืขื ืขืจ ืžืขืฉื— ืžื™ื˜'ืŸ ื’ื•ื˜ืขืŸ ืžืœืืš. ืึท 
ืคื•ื ืง ืคื•ืŸ ืืคึผื™ืงื•ืจืกื•ืช ื”ืึธื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืึท ื‘ื™ืกืข?ืœ ืฆื• ืคืจื™ื” ืึทืจื™ื™ื ื’ืข'ื’ื ื‘'ืขื˜ 
ืฆื• ืžื™ืจ ืื™ื 'ื ืงื™ื ื“ืขืจืฉ ื”ืขืจืฆืขืœ ืึทืจื™ืŸ, ืฆื• ืคืจื™ื” ื”ืึธื‘ ืื™ืš ืึธื " 
ื’ืขื”ื™ื™ื‘ืขืŸ ืฆื• ืงืœืขืจืขืŸ : ืืคืฉืจ ื”ืึธื˜ ืžื™ืš ื“ื™ ืžืึทืžืข ืึธืคึผื ืขื ืึทืจื˜ + 
ืฆื• ืคื•ื™ื” ื”ืึธื‘ ืื™ืš ืžื™ืš ื‘ืขืงืขื ื˜ ืžื™ื˜'ืŸ ื’ืขืคื™ื—?, ืฐืึธืก ื•ื•ืขืจื“ ืึธื ื’ืข" 
ืจื•ืคึผืขืŸ ,, ืฉื ืื”". ืฆื• ืคืจื™ื—, ืฆื• ืคืจื™ื” ื”ืึธื‘ ืื™ืš ืžื™ื™ื ื˜ ื’ืขืงืจืึธื’ืขืŸ 
ื“ืขื ืจื‘ื™'ืŸ ื‘ื•ืขื– ! 

ืื•ืŸ ืฐื•ื™ ืึทื–ืฑ ื–ืึธืœ ืžืขืŸ ืื™ื”ื ื ื™ื˜ ืคื™ื™ื ื˜ ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ? ื•ื™ ืึทื–ื™, 
ืคืจืขื’ ืื™ืš ืื™ื™ืš, ื–ืึธืœ ืžืขืŸ ื ื™ื˜ ืคื™ื™ื ื˜ ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ ื ืจื‘ื™'ืŸ, ืฐืึธืก ืœืึธื–ื˜ 
ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืงืึธืคึผ ืื•ื™ืคื”ื•ื™ื‘ืขืŸ : ื“ืึธืก ื˜ืึธืจืกื˜ ื“ื• ื ื™ื˜ ! ื“ืึธืจื˜ ืฉื˜ืขืง 
ื ื™ื˜! ืื—ื™ืŸ ื’ืขื” ื ื™ื˜ ! ืžื™ื˜ ื“ืขื ืจืขื“ ื ื™ื˜ !... ื•ื™ ืึทื–ืฑ ื–ืึธืœ ืžืขืŸ 
ื ื™ื˜ ืคื™ื™ื ื˜ ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ ืึท ืžืขื ืฉืขืŸ, ืฐืึธืก ื”ืึธื˜ ื ื™ื˜ ืื™ืŸ ื–ื™ืš ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืงืืค 
ืจื—ืžื ื•ืช, ืฐืึธืก ื”ืึธื˜ ื—ื ืื”, ืึทื– ื™ืขื ืขื ื˜ื”ื•ื˜ ื•ื•ืขื—, ืฐืึธืก ื‘ืึธื“ื˜ ื–ื™ืš . 
ืื™ืŸ ื™ืขื ืขืž'ืก ื˜ืจืขืจืขืŸ, ืฉืžื™ืจื˜ ื–ื™ืš ื˜ื™ื˜ ื™ืขื ืขืž'ืก ื‘ืœื•ื˜ ?... ื“ืึทื›ื˜ 
ื–ื™ืš, ืฐืึธืก ืงืึธืŸ ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืžืขื”ืจ ื‘ื–ื™ื•ืŸ ืคื•ื 'ื ืฐืึธืจื˜ ,ืฉืžื™ื™ืกืขืŸ? +ื™ื™. 
ืฐืึธืก ืงืึธืŸ ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืžืขื”ืจ ื‘ื•ืฉื—, ื•ื™ ืึทื– ืžืข ื˜ื—ื•ื˜-ืื•ื™ืก ืึท ืžืขื ืฉืขืŸ 
ืึธื“ื-ื ืึทืงืขื˜ ืื•ืŸ ืžืข ืฉื˜ืขืœื˜ ืื™ื”ื ืึทืฐืขืง ืื™ืŸ ืึท ื•ื•ื™ื ืงืขืœืข, ืฐื™ ื“ื™ 


ืึธืคึผื’ืขืฉืœืึธื’ืขื ืข ื”ื•ืฉืขื ื•ืช 188 


ืžื˜ืžืข ื”ืึธื ืื™ื”ื ื’ืขื—ื”ื˜ื˜? ื’ื™ื™ืŸ, ื‘ื•ืขื–'ืขืŸ ืื™ื– ื“ืึธืก ืงืืจื’ ! ื‘ื•ืขื– 
ืคืึธื“ืขืจื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ืึทื™ื™ืš, ืื– ืื™ื—ืจ ื–ืึธืœื˜ ืึทืœื™ื™ืŸ ื–ื™ืš ืื•ื™ืกื˜ื—ืŸ, ืึทืœึฟื™ืŸ 
ืึทืจืึธืคึผืฆื™ื”ืขืŸ, ืžื—ื™ืœื”, ื“ื™ ืชื—ืชื•ื ื™ื'ืœืขืš, ืึทืœื™ื™ืŸ ื ืขืžืขืŸ ื“ืึธืก ื”ืขื˜- 
ื“ืขืœืข ืื™ื‘ืขืจ'ืŸ ืงืึธืคึผ, ืึทืœื™ื™ืŸ ื–ื™ืš ืื ื™ื“ืขืจืœืขื’ืขืŸ, ืื™ืš ื‘ืขื˜ ืื™ื‘ืขืจ 
ืึตื™ื™ืขืจ ื›ื‘ื•ื“, ืžื™ื˜'ืŸ ืคึผื ื™ื ืึทืจืึธืคึผ, --- ืื•ืŸ ื“ืึธืก ืื™ื‘ืขืจื™ื ืข ื•ืฐื•ืขื˜ ืฉื•ื™ืŸ 
ื‘ื•ืขื– ืึทืœื•ื™ืŸ ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ; 


ืฉืžื™ืฆืœืขืš, 
ืžื•ืฆืœื— } 

ืฉืžื™ืฆืœืขืš, 
ืžื•ืฆืœื” 1 


ืื•ืŸ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื ืึธืจ ื‘ื•ืขื– ืฉืœื™ื™ืŸ ื”ืึธื˜ ื’ืขืฉืžื™ืคืขืŸ, ืขืก ื”ืึทื›ืขืŸ ื ืข- 
ื”ืึธืœืคึผืขืŸ ืฉืžื™ื™ืžืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืš ื“ื™ ื‘ ืข ื— ืข ? 8 ืข ืจ ืก ื–ื™ื™ื ืข, ื“ื™ , ืžืฉื•ืจืจื™ื", 
ื•ื™ ืขืจ ื”ืึธื˜ ื–ื™ื™ ื’ืขืจื•ืคืขืŸ, ื’ืขื•ื•ื™ื™ื ื˜ืœื™ืš, ืื•ื ื˜ืขืจ ื“ืขืจ ื—ืฉื ื—ื” ืคึผื•ืŸ 
ื‘ื•ืขื–'ืขืŸ, ืžืข ื–ืึธืœ ื—ืœื™ืœื” ื ื™ื˜ ืคืขืจืคืขื—ืœืขืŸ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืฉืžื™ืฆืขืœ. ,ื•ื™ื " 
ืฆื™ื’ืขืจ ืžื™ื ื ื‘ื™ืกืขืœ ืชื•ืจื— ืื•ืŸ ืžืขื—ืจ ืžื™ื˜ ื ืฉืžื™ืฆืขืœ? -- ืึทื–ื™ 
ื”ืึธื˜ ื’ืขื“ืจื•ื ื ืขืŸ ื‘ื•ืขื– ืื•ืŸ ื’ืขื’ืขื‘ืขืŸ ืฆื• ืคืขืจืฉื˜ืขื—ืŸ ื“ื™ ื“ืึธื–ื™ื˜ืข ื˜ืขืึธืจื™ืข 
ืžื™ื˜'ืŸ ืฉื›ืœ"ื—ื™ืฉืจ : ืึทื– ืžื™ื˜ ืฆื• ืคื™ืข? ืชื•ืจื— ืคืขืจืฉืœืึธื’ื˜ ืžืขืŸ ืึท ืงื™ื ื“ 
ื“ืขื ืงืึธืคึผ, ืื•ืŸ ืึตื™ื™ืŸ ืื™ื‘ืขืจื™ื’ ืฉืžื™ืฆืขืœ ืฉืึทื“ื˜ ื ื™ื˜. ,ืฐืึธืจื•ื ืœืึทืžื™ืฃ 
ื“ืึธืก ื ืึธืจ ืคืฉืจืฉื˜ืขื—ืŸ, ื•ืึธื ื˜ ื‘ื•ืขื–, ืขืœ-ืคึผื™ ื—ืงื™ืจื” : ื“ืึธืก ืœืขืจื ืขืŸ, ืฐืึธืก 
ืžืข ืœืขืจืขื ื˜ ืžื™ื˜ ืึท ืงื™ื ื“, ื’ืขื”ื˜ ื“ืึธืก ื’ืœื™ื™ืš ืื™ืŸ ืงืึธืคึผ ืืจื™ื™ืŸ, ืœื›ืŸ ืื™ื– 
ื“ืึธืก ืžื‘ืœื‘ืœ ื“ื™ ืจืขื™ื•ื ื•ืช ืื•ืŸ ืžื˜ืžื˜ื ื“ืขื ืžื•ื— { ืื•ืŸ ื“ืึธืก ืฉืžื™ื™ืกืขืŸ, 
ืฐืึธืก ืžืข ืฉืžื™ื™ืกื˜, ืื™ื– ืืจืจื‘ื—-ืคืึทืจืงืขื”ืจื˜ : ื‘ื™ื– ืขืก ื“ืขืจื’ืขื”ื˜ ืคื•ืŸ 
ื™ืขื ืขื ื—ืœืง ื“ื•ืจื›'ืŸ ื ืึทื ืฆืขืŸ ื’ื•ืฃ ื‘ื™ื•'ืŸ ืงืึธืคึผ, ืจื™ื™ื ื™ื ื˜ ื“ืึธืก ื“ืขืจื•ื•ื™ื™ืค 
ื“ื™ ื’ืขื‘ืœื™ื˜ืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืขืก ืœื™ื™ื˜ืขืจื˜ ื“ืขื ืžื•ื—. ื”ื™ื™ื ื˜ ืคืืจืฉื˜ืขื”ื˜ ืื™ื”ืจ 
ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ืฃ? 

ืื•ืŸ ื‘ื•ืขื– ื”ืึธื ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืื•ื™ืคื ืขื”ืขืจื˜ ืฆื• ืจื™ื™ื ื™ื ืขืŸ ืื•ื ื– ื“ื™ ื’ืข- 
ื‘ืœื™ืžืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืฆื• ืœื™ื™ื˜ืขืจืขืŸ ืื•ื ื–ืขืจืข ืžื•ึนื—ื•ืช. ืื•ืŸ -- ืื•ื™ื™ื•ื•ืขื” ! ืžื™ืจ 
ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ืžืขื—ืจ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื’ืขื’ืœื•ื™ื‘ื˜ ืื™ืŸ ื™ืขื ืขื ื’ื•ื˜ืขืŸ ืžืœืืš, ื•ืึตื 
ืงื•ืžื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ืื•ื™ื‘ืขืŸ ! ืžื™ืจ ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ืฆืขืงื™ื™ื˜, ืึทื– ื“ืึธืก ืื™ืŸ ื ืึธืจ 


184 ืฉืœื•ื˜"ืขืœื™ืคื 


ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ื ืคึผื–ืžื•ืŸ, ืึตื™ื™ืŸ ืื•ื™ืกื’ืขื˜ืจืึทื›ื˜ืข ืžืขืฉื” ืื•ื™ืฃ ืฆื• ืคืขืจื ืึทืจืขืŸ 
ืื•ื ื– ืฆื• ื‘ื•ืขื–'ืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื—ื“ืจ ืืจื™ื™ืŸ, ืื•ืŸ ืžื™ืจ ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ ืึธื ื’ืขื”ื•ื™ื‘ืขืŸ ืฆื• 
ื–ื™ืคืฆืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืฆื• ืงืจืขื›ืฆืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืื•ื ื–ืขืจ ื’ืœื•ืช ืคื•ืŸ ื‘ื•ืขื–'ืขืŸ, ืฆื• ืžื•ืžืœืขืŸ 
ืื•ืŸ ืฆื• ืจืขื“ืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืฆื• ื–ื•ื›ืขืŸ ืžื™ื˜ืœืขืŸ, ื•ื™ ืึทื–ืฑื™ ื•ื•ืขืจื“ ืžืขืŸ ืคึผื˜ื•ืจ ืคื•ื 'ื 
ื“ืึธื–ื™ื’ืขืŸ ืฉื•ื•ืขืจืŸ ื‘ื™ื˜ืขืจืขืŸ ื’ืœื•ืช 4.. | 


ืฆ1 


ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืžืจื”-ืฉื—ื•ืจื—'ื“ื™ื’ืข ืžื™ื ื•ื˜ืขืŸ ืฐืึธืก ืฆื•ื•ื™ืฉืขืŸ ื˜ืึธื’ ืื•ืŸ ื ืึทื›ื˜, 
ื‘ืฉืขืช ื“ื™ ืจื•ื™ื˜ืคืึทืจื‘ื™ื ืข ืคื™ื™ืขืจื™ื’ืข ื–ื•ืŸ ื‘ืขื“ืืจืฃ ื–ื™ืš ื’ืขื–ืขื’ืขื ืขืŸ ืžื™ื˜ 
ื“ืขืจ ื˜ื•ื ืงืขืœืขืจ ืงืึทืœื˜ืขืจ ืขืจื“ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื ื’ืึทื ืฆืขืจ ื ืึทื›ื˜; ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืžืจื”" 
ืฉื—ื•ืจื—'ื“ื™ื’ืข ืžื™ื ื•ื˜ืขืŸ, ื•ื•ืขืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืคืจื™ื™ืœื™ื›ืขืจ, ื”ื™ืœื›ื™ื’ืขืจ"ื˜ืึธื’ ืžืึทื›ื˜ 
ืึท ื•ื™ื‘ืจื—, ืื•ืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืึธืจื˜ ื˜ืจืขื˜-ืฆื• ืžื™ื˜ ืฉื˜ื™ืœืข ื˜ืจื™ื˜ ื“ื™ ืื•ืžืข- 
ื˜ื™ื’ืข ืฉื˜ื™ืœืข ื ืื›ื˜ ืกื™ื˜ ืื™ื”ืจ ืื•ืžืขื˜ื™ื’ืขืŸ ืฉื˜ื™ืœืขืŸ ืกื•ืจ; ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ 
ืžืจื—-ืฉื—ื•ืจื”'ืจื™ื’ืข ืžื™ื ื•ื˜ืขืŸ, ื•ื•ืขืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืฉืึธื˜ืขืŸ ืงืœืขื˜ืขืจื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื™ 
ื ืœื™ื™ื›ืข ื•ื•ืขื ื“, ืฐืึทื›ืกื˜ ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืœืขื ื’ ืื•ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ื‘ืจื™ื™ื˜; ืื™ืŸ 
ื“ื™ ืžืจื”-ืฉื—ื•ืจื”'ื“ื™ื ืข ืžื™ื ื•ื˜ืขืŸ ืฐืึธืก ื‘ื™ืŸ ืžื ื—ื” ืœืžืขืจื™ื‘, ื‘ืฉืขืช ื“ืขืจ 
ืจื‘ื™ ืื™ื– ืื™ืŸ ืฉื•ื—? ืื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืจื‘ื™ืฆื™ืŸ ื—ืึธื˜ ืฆื• ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ื“ืขืจ ืฆื™ืขื’, 
ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ ืงืจื™ื’ืœืขืš ืึธื“ืขืจ ืžื™ื˜ ื“ืขืจ ื“ื™ื™ื–ืฉืข ื‘ืึธืจืฉื˜ืฉ -- ื“ืขืžืึธืœื˜ 
ื–ืืžืœืขืŸ ืžื™ืจ ื–ื™ืš ืฆื•ื ื•ื™ืฃ, ืงืœื™ื™ื ื•ื•ืืจื’, ืื™ืŸ ื—ื“ืจ, ืึทืœืข ืื™ื ืื™ื™ื ืขื 
ืฆื•ื•ื™ืฉืขืŸ ืื•ื™ื•ื•ืขืŸ, ื–ืขืฆืขืŸ ื–ื™ืš ืื•ื™ืก ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ืขืจ ืขืจื“, ื“ื™ ืคื™ืกืœืขืš ืื•ื - 
ื˜ืขืจ ื–ื™ืš, ืฉืœืึธื ืขืŸ ื–ื™ืš ืฆื•ื ื•ื™ืฃ, ืฐื™ ื“ื™ ืื•ืžืฉื•ืœื“ื™ื’ืข ืฉืขืžืขืœืขืš, 
ื›ืฉืจ'ืข ืœืขืžืขืœืขืš, ืื•ืŸ ื“ืึธืจื˜ืขืŸ, ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืคื™ื ืกื˜ืขืจ, ืจืขื“ืขืŸ ืžื™ืจ 
ืคื•ืŸ ืื•ื ื–ืขืจ ืžื•ืจื'ื“ื™ื’ืขืŸ ื˜ื™ื˜ื•ืก, ืคื•ืŸ ืื•ื ื–ืขืจ ืžืœืืš-ื”ืžื•ืช ื‘ื•ึนืขื•. 
ื™ื•ื ื’ืœืขืš ืขืœื˜ืขืจืข, ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ื’ืจื•ื™ืกืขืจ ื›ืชื”, ืฐืึธืก ืœืขืจื ืขืŸ ื‘ื™ื™ ื‘ื•ืขื–'ืขืŸ 
ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ื ื™ื˜ ื“ืขื ืขืจืฉื˜ืขืŸ ื–ืžืŸ, ื“ืขืจืฆืขื”ืœืขืŸ ื–ื™ืš ืึธืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ืื™ื”ื ืžื•ืจื"" 
ื“ื™ื ืข ืžืขืฉื™ื•ืช ืื•ืŸ ืฉื•ื•ืขืจืขืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ื›? ื”ืฉื‘ื•ืขื•ืช ืฉื‘ืขื•ืœื, ืึทื– ื‘ื•ืขื• 
ื”ืึธื˜ ืคืขืจืฉืžื™ืกืขืŸ ื ื™ื˜ ืื™ื™ืŸ ื™ื•ื ื’ืขืœ ื‘ื™ื– ืฆื•ื ื˜ื•ื™ื“ื˜, ืึทืŸ ื‘ื•ืขื– ื”ืึธื˜ 
ืึทืจื™ื™ื ื’ืขื˜ืจื™ื‘ืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืขืจื“ ืึทืจื™ื™ืŸ ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ื“ืจื™ื™ ื•ื•ื™ื™ื‘ืขืจ, ืึทื– ื‘ื•ืขื• 
ื”ืึธื˜ ื‘ืขื’ืจืึธื‘ืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืื™ื™ืŸ-ืื•ืŸ-ืื™ื™ื ืฆื™ื’ืขืŸ ื–ื•ื—ืŸ, ื•ื›ื“ื•ืžื— ืึทื–ืขืœื›ืข ื•ื•ื™ืœื“ืข 


ื–ืึทืคึผื’ืขืฉืœืึธื’ืขื ืข ื—ื•ืฉืขื ื•ืช 189 


ื–ืึทื›ืขืŸ, ืคื•ืŸ ืฐืึธืก ื“ื™ ื”ืึธืจ ืฉื˜ืขืœืขืŸ ื–ื™ืš ืงืึทื˜ืฑืจ ! ืขืœื˜ืขืจืข ื™ื•ื ื’ืœืขืฃ 
ื“ืขืจืฆืขื”ืงืขืŸ, ืื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืงืœืขื ืขืจืข ื”ืึธืจื›ืขืŸ, ื”ืึธืจื›ืขืŸ ื˜ื™ื˜ ืงืึธืคึผ. ืฉื•ื•ืืจ" 
ืฆืข ืื•ื™ื’ืœืขืš ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืคื™ื ืกื˜ืขืจ ื’ืœืื ืฆืขืŸ, ื™ื•ื ื’ืข ื”ืขืจืฆืœืขืš ืงืœืึธืคึผืขืŸ, 
ืื•ืŸ ืขืก ื‘ืœื™ื™ื‘ื˜ ื‘ื™ื™ ืื•ื ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ื—ื˜ื›ื, ืื–ืŸ ื‘ื•ืขื– ื“ืขืจ ืจื‘ื™ ืื™ืŸ ืึถื”ืŸ 
8 ื’ืฉืžื—, 8 ืžืขื ืฉ ืึถื”ืŸ 8 ื ืฉืžื”, ืื•ืŸ ืึทื•ื ืžืขื ืฉ ืื™ืŸ ืจืึธืš ื’ืข- 
ื’ืœื™ื›ืขืŸ ืฆื• 6 ื—ื™ื”, ืฆื• ื ืžื–ื™ืง, ืฐืึธืก ืก'ืื™ืŸ ืึท ืžืฆื•ื” ืื™ื”ื ืฆื• 
ืคึผื˜ืจ'ืขืŸ. ืื•ืŸ ื˜ื•ื™ื–ืขื ื“ืขืจ ืคึผืœืึทื ืขืŸ, ื ืึทืจื™ืฉืข ืงื™ื ื“ืขืจืฉืข ืคึผืœืึทื ืขืŸ, 
ื•ื•ืขื‘ืขืŸ ื–ื™ืš ื‘ื™ื™ ืื•ื ื– ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืงื™ื ื“ืขืจืฉืข ืžื•ื—ื•ืช, ืฐื•ื™ ืึทื–ืฑ ืžื™ืจ ื–ืึธืœืขืŸ 
ืคึผื˜ื•ืจ ื•ื•ืขืจืขืŸ ืคื•ื 'ื ื“ืึธื–ื™ื’ืขืŸ ืžืœืืš-ื—ืžื•ืช... ื ืึทืจื™ืฉืข ืงื™ื ื“ืขืจ! ื“ื™ 
ื“ืึธื–ื™ื’ืข ื ืึทืจื™ืฉืข ืงื™ื ื“ืขืจืฉืข ืคึผืœืึทื ืขืŸ ื”ืืœื˜ืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ ืื™ื˜ืœื™ื›ืขืจ ื‘ืข- 
ื–ื•ื ื“ืขืจ ื˜ื™ืขืฃ ืคืขืจื‘ืึธืจื’ืขืŸ ื‘ื™ื™ ื–ื™ืš ืื™ืŸ ื”ืึทืจืฆืขืŸ. ื–ื™ื™ ื‘ืขื˜ืขืŸ ื’ืึธื˜, 
ืขืจ ื–ืึธืœ ืกื—ื•ืŸ ื ื ืก: ืึธื“ืขืจ ื“ืขืจ ืกื“ื•ืจ ื–ืึธืœ ืคืขืจื‘ืจืขื ื˜ ืฐืขืจืขืŸ, 
ืึธื“ืขืจ ื“ืขื ืงืึทื ื˜ืฉื™ืง ื–ืืœ ืฆื•ื ืขืžืขืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืจื•ื—, ืื“ืขืจ.. ืึธื“ืขืจ.. 
ื“ืขื ืœืขืฆื˜ืขืŸ ,ืึธื“ืขืจ? ื•ื•ื™ืœ ืงื™ื™ื ืขืจ ื ื™ื˜ ืึทืจืฑืกื–ืึธื’ืขืŸ; ืžืข ื”ืึธื˜ 
ื“ืึธืก ืžื•ืจื ื‘ืจืขื ื’ืขืŸ ืคื˜ืจ'ืŸ ืžื•ื™ืœ. ืื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ื›ื•ื—-ื—ื“ืžื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ื™ื™ ื“ื™ 
ืกื™ื ื“ืขืจ ืึทืจื‘ื™ื™ื˜, ื“ื™ ื™ื•ื ื’ืข ืคืื ื˜ืื–ื™ืข ื˜ืจืึทื ื˜, ืื•ืŸ ื—ืœื•ืžื•ืช, ื’ื•ื˜ืข 
ื–ื™ืกืข ื—ืœื•ืžื•ืช, ืคึผืœืึทื ื˜ืขืŸ ื–ื™ืš ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืฐื•ืึธื”ืจ, ื—ืœื•ืžื•ืช ืคื•ืŸ ืคืจื™ื™-ื–ื™ื•ืŸ, 
ืคื•ืŸ ืœื•ื™ืžืขืŸ ืฉืจืึธืคึผ-ืึทื“ื‘ืึทืจื’, ืคื•ืŸ ืคึผืึทืœื™ืึธืกืงืขืŸ ื–ื™ืš ืžื™ื˜ ื‘ืึทืจื•ื•ื™ืกืข ืคื™ืก 
ืื™ืŸ ื˜ื™ื™ืš, ืคื•ืŸ ืฉืคึผื™ืขืœืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืคืขืจื“ืœืขืš, ืคื•ืŸ ืฉืคึผืจื™ื ื’ืขืŸ ืื™ื‘ืขืจ ืคึผืœืฑ- 
ื˜ืขืŸ -- ื’ื•ื˜ืข, ื–ื™ืกืข, ื ืึทืจื™ืฉืข ื—ืœื•ืžื•ืช, ืฐืึธืก ืก'ืื™ื– ื ื™ื˜ ื‘ืขืฉืขืจื˜, 
ื–ื™ื™ ื–ืึธืœืขืŸ ืžืงื•ื™ื ื•ื•ืขืจืขืŸ; ืฐืึธืจื•ื ืึธื˜ ื”ืขืจื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืึท ื‘ืขืงืื ื˜ืขืจ 
ื”ื•ืกื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ื ื‘ืขืงืึทื ื˜ืขืŸ ืคึผืึทืจืฉืฑืŸ, ืึท ืงืœืึธืคึผืขืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื‘ืขืงืื ื˜ืข ืคึผืึธื“ืขืฉ- 
ื•ื•ืขืก, ื ืฉืœื™ืึธืคืขืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื‘ืขืงืึทื ื˜ืข ืฉืงืจืึทื‘ืขืก --- ืื•ืŸ ืขืก ื•ื•ืขืจืขืŸ ืื•ื ื– 
ืคืขืจืงื™ื”ืœื˜ ื“ื™ ื’ืขื‘ืœื™ืžืขืŸ, ืื•ืŸ ืขืก ื•ื•ืขืจืขืŸ ืื•ื ื– ืคืขืจื’ืœื™ื•ื•ืขืจื˜, ืคืขืจ- 
ืฉื˜ืึทืจื‘ืขืŸ ืึทืœืข ืื‘ืจื™ื, ืื•ืŸ ืžื™ืจ ื–ืขืฆืขืŸ ื–ื™ืš ืื•ื•ืขืง ืฆื• ื“ืขืจ ืชื•ืจื” 
ืื•ืŸ ืฆื• ืขื‘ื•ื“ืช-ื”ื‘ื•ืจื, ืฆื•ื ืœืขืจื ืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืฆื•ื ื“ืื•ื•ื ืขืŸ, --- ืคึผื•ื ืงื˜ 
ืžื™ื˜ ืื–ื ื—ืฉืง, ืฐื™ ื’ืขื”ืŸ ืฆื•ื ืขืฉืึทืคืึธื˜, ืฆื• ื“ืขืจ ืชืœื™ื”! ืžื™ืจ 
ืœืขืจื ืขืŸ, ืื•ืŸ ืื•ื ื–ืขืจืข ืœื™ืคึทึผืขืŸ ืฉืขืคึผื˜ืฉืขืŸ : ,ืจื‘ื•ื ื• ืฉืœ ืขื•ืœื! ืฆื™ 
ืขืก ื•ื•ืขื ืงื•ืžืขืŸ ืึทืžืึธืœ ืึท ืฆื™ื™ื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ืขื ื“ืึธื–ื™ื’ืขืŸ ืขืžืœืง, ืื•ื™ืฃ 
ื“ืขื ืคึผืจืขื”, ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ืขื ื”ืžืŸ, ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ืขื ื’ื•ื’-ื•ืžื’ื•ื’? ืฆื™ ืขืก ืฐื•ืขื˜ 


188 ืฉืœื•ื-ืขืœื™ื›ื 


ืงื•ืžืขืŸ ืึทืžืึธืœ ืึท ืฆื™ื™ื˜, ืฐืึธืก ืžื™ืจ ื•ื•ืขืœืขืŸ ืคึผื˜ื•ืจ ื•ื•ืขืจืขืŸ ืคื•ื 'ื ื“ืึธื–ื™ื’ืขืŸ 
ืฉื•ื•ืขืจืขืŸ, ื•ื•ื™ืกื˜ืขืŸ, ืคื™ื ืกื˜ืขืจืขืŸ ื’ืœื•ืช ? ื ื™ื™ืŸ, ืกื™ื™ื ืžืึธืœ ื ื™ืฉื˜! ืงื™ื™ื - 
ืžืึธืœ ื ื™ืฉื˜, ืงื™ื™ื ืžืึธืœ ื ื™ืฉื˜!... 

ืึทื–ืฑ ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ ืžื™ืจ ืึธืคึผื ืข'ืคึผืกืง'ืขื ื˜ -- ืื•ืžืฉื•ืœื“ื™ื’ืข, ื’ืึทืจื™ืฉืข 
ืงื™ื ื“ืขืจื˜ 


7 


--- ืงื™ื ื“ืขืจ } ืื™ื”ืจ ื•ื•ื™ืœื˜ ื”ืขืจืขืŸ ืึท ืฉืขื ืขื ืคึผืœืึทืŸ, ืฐื™ ืึทื–ืฑ 
ืคึผื˜ื•ืจ ืฆื• ื•ื•ืขืจืขืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ืื•ื ื–ืขืจ ื’ื•ื -ื•ืžื ื•ื’ ? 

ืึทื–ืฑ ื”ืึธื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืึธื ื’ืขืจื•ืคืขืŸ ืื™ื™ื ืžืึธืœ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืื•ื™ื‘ืขื ื“ืขืจืžืึทื ื˜ืข 
ืžืจื”-ืฉื—ื•ื“ื”'ื“ื™ื’ืข ืžื™ื ื•ื˜ืขืŸ ืื™ื™ื ืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืขืœื˜ืขืจืขืจ ื›ืชื”, ืžื™ื˜'ืŸ 
ื ืึธืžืขืŸ ื•ื•ืขืœืฐืขืœ ืœื™ื‘-ืืจื™ื”'ืก, ืึท ื™ื•ื ื’ืขืœ ืึท ืฉื™ื™ื ืขืฅ, ืื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืื•ื™ื’ืขืŸ 
ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ ืื™ื”ื ื‘ืฉืขืช ืžืขืฉื” ื’ืขื‘ืœื™ืฉื˜ืฉืขื˜ ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืคื™ื ืกื˜ืขืจ, ืฐื™ 
ื‘ื™ื™ ืึท ืฐื•ืึธืœืฃ, ืื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื’ืึทื ืฆืข ื—ื‘ืจื” ืงืœื™ื™ื ืฐืึทืจื’ ื”ืึธื˜ ืึทืจื•ืžื’ืขืจื™ื ื’ืขืœื˜ 
ื•ื•ืขืœื•ื•ืœืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืกืฆื•ื”ืขื“ืขืŸ ื“ืขื ืฉืขื ืขื ืคึผืœืึทืŸ, ืฐืึธื˜ ืขืจ ื”ืึธื˜ ืฆื•ื’ืข- 
ืงืœืขืจื˜, ื•ื™ ืึทื–ื•ื™ ืคึผื˜ื•ืจ ืฆื• ื•ื•ืขืจืขืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ืื•ื ื–ืขืจ ื’ื•ื -ื•ืžื’ื•ื’. ืื•ืŸ ื•ื•ืขืœ- 
ื•ื•ืขืœ ืœื™ื‘-ืืจื™ื”'ื ื”ืึธื˜ ื’ืขื ื•ืžืขืŸ ืื•ื ื– ืคืึธืจืœืขื’ืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืฉืขื ืขื ืคึผืœืึทืŸ 
ืคืจื™ื—ืขืจ ืžื™ื˜ ืึท ื ืื ืฆืขืจ ื“ืจืฉื—ื”: ื•ื™ ืึทื–ืฑ ืก'ืื™ื– ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขื 
ื‘ื•ืขื–'ืขืŸ ื ื™ื˜ ืื•ื™ืกืฆื•ื”ืืœื˜ืขืŸ, ืฐื•ื™ ืึทื–ืฑ ื“ืขืจ ืืฉืžื“ืื™ ื‘ืึธื“ื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืื™ืŸ 
ืื•ื ื–ืขื“ ื‘ืœื•ื˜, ื•ื™ ืึทื–ืฑ ืžื™ืจ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืคืขืจื•ืขื›ืขื ื˜ ื‘ื™ื™ ืื™ื”ื ืขืจื’ืขืจ 
ืคื•ืŸ ื”ื™ื ื“, ืฐืึธืจื•ื ืึท ื”ื•ื ื“, ืึทื– ืžืข ื“ืขืจืœืึทื ื’ื˜ ืื™ื”ื ืžื™ื˜'ืŸ ืฉื˜ืขืงืขืŸ, 
ื”ืึธื˜ ืขืจ ื—ืึธื˜ืฉ ืึท ื‘ืจื™ืจื” ืฆื• ืงื•ื•ื™ื˜ืฉืขืŸ, ืื•ืŸ ืžื™ืจ ื˜ืึธืจืขืŸ ื“ืึธืก ืื•ื™ืš 
ื ื™ื˜; ืื•ืŸ ืึทื–ืฑ ื•ื•ื™ื™ื˜ืขืจ ืื•ืŸ ื•ื•ื™ื™ื˜ืขืจ... ืื•ืŸ ื ืึธื›ื“ืขื ืจื•ืคื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืึธืŸ 
ืฆื• ืื•ื ื– ื•ื•ืขืœืฐื•ืขืœ: 

--- ื”ืขืจื˜, ืงื™ื ื“ืขืจ, ืฐืึธืก ืื™ืš ืขืœ ืึทื™ื™ืš ืคืจืขื ืขืŸ? ืื™ืš ื•ื™? 
ืึทื™ื™ืš ืขืคึผื™ืก ืคืจืขื’ืขืŸ. 

--- ืคืจืขื’ ! --- ื–ืึธื’ืขืŸ ืžื™ืจ ืื™ื—ื ืึทืœึถึผืข ืื™ืŸ ืื™ื™ืŸ ืงื•ืœ. 

--- ื•ื™ ืื™ื– ื“ืขืจ ื“ื™ืŸ, ืึทืฉื˜ืฒื™ื ืขืจ, ืึทื– ืื•ื™ืฃ ืื™ื™ื ืขื ืคื•ืŸ ืื•ื ื• 
ืงื•ืžื˜ ืคึผืœื•ืฆื™ื ืึท ืงืจืขื ืง ? | 


ืึธืคื’ืขืฉืœื˜ื’ืขื ืข ื”ื•ืฉืขื ื•ืช 187 


--- ืื™ื– ื ื™ื˜ ื’ื•ื˜ ! -- ืขื ื˜ืคืขืจืขืŸ ืžื™ืจ ืื™ื”ื ืึดืžึผ, 

--- ื ื™ื™ืŸ, ื ื™ื˜ ื“ืึธืก ืžื™ื™ืŸ ืื™ืš,. ืื™ืš ืžื™ื™ืŸ ืขึฒืคึดึผื™ื ืึทื ื“ืขืจืฉ:; 
ืœืžืฉ?, ืึทื– ืื™ื™ื ืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ืื•ื ื– ื•ื•ืขืจื“ ืงืจืื ืง -- ื’ืขื”ื˜ ืขืจ ืื™ืŸ ื—ื“ืฃ 
ืื“ื™ื™ืŸ, ืฆื™ ืขืจ ื‘ืœื™ื™ื‘ื˜ ื–ื™ืฆืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ื”ื™ื™ื ? 

--- ืคึฟืึทืจืฉื˜ืขื—ื˜ ื–ื™ืš, ืื– ืขืจ ื‘ืœื™ื™ื‘ื˜ ื–ื™ืฆืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ื—ื™ื™ื { -- 
ืฉืจื™ื™ืขืŸ ืžื™ืจ ืื•ื™ืก ืึทืœืข ืื™ืŸ ืื™ื™ืŸ ืงื•?, ืื•ืŸ ื•ื•ืขืœื•ื•ืขืœ ืคืจืขื’ื˜ ื•ื•ื™ื™ื˜ืขืจ : 

--- ื•ื™ ื–ืฉืข ืื™ื– ืึธื‘ืขืจ ื“ืขืจ ื“ื™ืŸ, ืื– ืื•ื™ืฃ ืฆื•ื•ื™ื™ ืคื•ืŸ ืื•ื ื– ืงื•ืžื˜ 
ืึท ืงืจืขื ืง? 

--- ื–ื™ืฆืขืŸ ืฆื•ื•ื™ื™ ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ื”ื™ื™ื, 

--- ื ื•, ืื•ืŸ ืื– ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื•ื™ื™ ? -- ื”ืขืจื˜ ื•ื•ืขืœื•ื•ืข? ื ื™ื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืฆื• 
ืคืจืขื ืขืŸ, ืื•ืŸ ืžื™ืจ ืžื™ืขื“ืขืŸ ื–ื™ืš ื ื™ื˜ ืื™ื™ืŸ ืฆื• ืขื ื˜ืคืขืจืขืŸ ืื™ื”ื : 

--- ื–ื™ืฆืขืŸ ื“ื“ื™ื™ ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ื”ื™ื™ื. 

--- ื•ื™ ื–ืฉืข ืื™ื– ืึธื‘ืขืจ ื“ืขืจ ื“ื™ืŸ, ื›ื“ื•ืกื” 7ืžืฉ7, ืึทื– ืื•ื™ืฃ ืื•ืชื– 
ืึทืœืข ืื™ื– ื’ืขืงื•ืžืขืŸ ื ืงืจืขื ืง ? 

--- ื–ื™ืฆืขืŸ ืžื™ืจ ืืœืข ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ื—ื™ื™ื. 

--- ืœืึธื– ื–ืฉืข ืงื•ืžืขืŸ ื ืงืจืขื ืง ืื•ื™ืฃ ืื•ื ื– ืืœืข { --- ื–ืึธื’ื˜ ื•ื•ืขืœ- 
ืฐื•ืขืœ ืžืœื ื’ื“ื•ืœื”. ืื•ืŸ ืžื™ืจ ืขื ื˜ืคืขืจืขืŸ ืื™ื—ื ืžื™ื˜ ื›ืขื: 

-- ืœืึธื– ื ืึธื˜ ื—ื™ื˜ืขืŸ! ื‘ื™ื•ื˜ ืžืฉื•ื ืข, ืฆื™ ื—ืกืจื™ื“ืขื”? 

--- ืื™ืš ื‘ื™ืŸ ื ื™ื˜ ืžืฉื•ื ืข ืื•ืŸ ื ื™ื˜ ื—ืกืจื™ื“ืขื—ื” ; ื ืึธืจ ืื™ื—ืจ ื–ืขื ื˜ 
ื‘ื—ื”ืžื•ืช -- ื“ืึธืก ื™ืึธ. ืื™ืš ืžื™ื™ืŸ ื“ืขืŸ, ืกื™ืจ ื–ืึธืœืขืŸ ืงืจืขื ืงืขืŸ ืื•ึนื™ืฃ 
ื“ืขืจ ืืžืช'ืขืŸ ? ืื•ื™ืฃ ืฆื•-ื›ืœื•ืžืจืฉื˜ ืžื™ื™ืŸ ืื™ืš, ื‘ื›ื“ื™ ืžื™ืจ ื–ืึธืœืขืŸ ื ื™ื˜ 
ื’ืขื”ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื—ื“ืจ ืึทืจื™ืŸ ื”ื™ื™ื ื˜ ืคืืจืฉื˜ืขื”ื˜ ืื™ื”ืจ ืฉื•ื™ืŸ? 

ืึทื–ืฑ ื ื™ื˜ ืื•ื ื– ืฆื• ืคืขืจืฉื˜ืขื”ืŸ ืื•ื ื–ืขืจ ื—ื‘ืจ ื•ื•ืขืœื•ื•ืขืœ, ืื•ืŸ ืžื™ืจ 
ื”ื•ื™ื‘ืขืŸ ืึธืŸ ื“ืขื ืคึผืœืึทืŸ ืฆื• ืคื˜ืขืจืฉื˜ืขื”ืŸ, ืื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืคึผืœืึทืŸ ื—ื•ื™ื‘ื˜ ืื•ื ื– ืึถืŸ 
ืฆื• ื’ืขืคืขืœืขืŸ, ืื•ืŸ ืžื™ืจ ื”ื•ื™ื‘ืขืŸ ืึธืŸ ืฆื• ื˜ืจืึทื›ื˜ืขืŸ, ืฐืึธืก ืคืึทืจ ื ืžื™ืŸ 
ืงืจืขื ืง ื–ืึธืœ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืื•ื ื– ืงื•ืžืขืŸ ? ื“ืขืจ ื–ืึธื ื˜; ืฆื™ื™ื—ื ื•ื•ืขื”ื˜ื™ื’. ื“ืขืจ 
ื–ืึธื’ื˜: ืงืึธืคึผืฐืขื”ื˜ื™ื’. ื“ืขืจ ื–ืึธื ื˜: ื‘ืฑื›ื•ืขื”ื˜ื™ื’. ื“ืขืจ ื–ืึธื ื˜: 
ื•ื•ืขืจืขื. ื ืึธืจ ื‘ืœื™ื™ื‘ืขืŸ ื‘ืœื™ื™ื‘ื˜, ืึทื– ื ื™ื˜ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืฆื™ื™ื”ื ื•ื•ืขื”ื˜ื™ื’, ืื•ืŸ 
ื ื™ื˜ ืกื™ื™ืŸ ืงืึธืคึผืฐืขื—ื˜ื™ื’, ืื•ืŸ ื ื™ื˜ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ื•ื™ื›ื•ื•ืขื—ื˜ื™ื’, ืื•ืŸ ื ื™ื˜ ืงื™ื™ืŸ 
ื•ื•ืขืจืขื. ื ืึธืจ ืฐืึธืก ื“ืขืŸ 4 ืขืก ื“ืืจืคืขืŸ ืื•ื ื– ืืœืขืžืขืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ื ืžืึธืœ 


108 ืฉืœื•ื-ืขืœื™ื›ื 


ืึธื ื”ื•ื™ื‘ืขืŸ ื•ื•ืขื”-ืฉื”ื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืคื™ืก ืฐืึธืจื•ื ืืฑืฃ ื“ื™ ืืœืข ืืฑื™ืกื’ืขืจืข- โ€ 
ื›ืขื ื˜ืข ืงืจืขื ืง ืื™ื– ื“ืขืจ ื“ืึธืงื˜ืึธืจ 8 ืžื‘ื™ืŸ; ืื•ึนืŸ ืึทืŸ ืื™ื”ืจ ื–ืึธื’ื˜ 
ืื™ื”ื: ื“ื™ ืคื™ืก ื˜ื”ื•ืขืŸ ืื™ื™ืš ืฐืขื”, ืื™ื”ืจ ืงืึธื ื˜ ื ื™ื˜ ืจื™ื”ืจืขืŸ ืžื™ื˜ 
ื“ื™ ืคื™ืก --- ืœืึธื– ืขืจ ื’ืขื”ืŸ ื˜ืึทืคึผืขืŸ |... 

-- ื’ืขื“ืขื ืงื˜ ื–ืฉืข, ืงื™ื ื“ืขืจ, ืžืึธืจื’ืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืคืจื™ื” ื–ืึธืœื˜ 
ืื™ื”ืจ ื ื™ื ืื•ื™ืคืฉื˜ืขื”ืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ืึตื™ื™ืขืจืข ื’ืขืœืขื’ืขืจืก ! ืื•ืŸ ื‘ื›ื“ื™ ืžื™ืจ 
ื–ืึธืœืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื–ื™ื›ืขืจ, ืึทื– ืžื™ืจ ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ ื’ืขืžืึทื›ื˜ ื™ื“ ืื—ืช ืื•ืŸ ืกื™ื™ื ืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ 
ืื•ื ื– ืฐืขื˜ ื ื™ื˜ ืงื•ืžืขืŸ ืžืึทืจื’ืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื—ื“ืจ ืืจื™ื™ืŸ, ืœืืžื™ืจ ื–ื™ืš ื’ืขื‘ืขืŸ 
ืื™ื™ื ืก ื“ืึธืก ืึทื ื“ืขืจืข ืชืงื™ืขืชื™ื›ืฃ ืื•ืŸ ืื™ื‘ืขืจืฉืœืึธื’ืขืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ืึท ืฆื™ืฆื” ! 

ืึทื–ืฑ ื”ืึธื˜ ืื•ื™ืกื’ืขืจื•ืคืขืŸ ืื•ื ื–ืขืจ ื—ื‘ืจ ืฐืขืœืฐืขืœ, ืื•ืŸ ืžื™ืจ ื”ืึธ- 
ื‘ืขืŸ ื–ื™ืš ื’ืขื’ืขื‘ืขืŸ ืื™ื™ื ืก ื“ืึธืก ืึทื ื“ืขืจืข ืชืงื™ืขืช-ื›ืฃ ืื•ืŸ ืื™ื‘ืขืจื’ืข- 
ืฉืœืึทื ืขืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ืึท ืฆื™ืฆื”, ืื•ืŸ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื’ืขื ืึทื ื’ืขืŸ ื™ืขื ืขื ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ืขืจ ื ืึทื›ื˜ 
ืคื•ืŸ ื—ื“ืจ ืึทื”ื™ื ืœืขื‘ืขื“ื™ื’, ืคืจื™ื™ืœื™ืš, ืื•ืŸ ื’ืขื–ื•ื ื’ืขืŸ ืœื™ืขื“ืขืจ, ืฐื™ ื“ื™ 
ื’ื‘ื•ืจื™ื, ืฐืึธืก ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ ืึท ืžื™ื˜ืข? ืฐื™ ืึทื–ืฑ ื’ื•ื‘ืจ ืฆื• ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื“ืขื ืฉื•ื ื, 
ืฉื™ื™ื ืฆื•ื ืขืžืขืŸ ื“ื™ ืžืœื—ืžื”, 


ืงื™ื ื“ืขืจ ! ืžื™ืจ ื’ืขื”ืขืŸ-ืฆื• ืฆื•ื ืกืึทืžืข ื”ืขื›ืกื˜ืขืŸ ืื™ื ื˜ืขืจืขืก ืคื•ืŸ 
ืื•ื ื–ืขืจ ื’ืขืฉื™ื›ื˜ืข, ืื•ืŸ ืื™ืš ืคืขืจืฉื˜ืขื”, ืึทื– ืื™ื”ืจ ื–ืขื ื˜ ื ื™ื™ื ืขื”ืจื™ืฃ 
ืฆื• ื•ื•ื™ืกืขืŸ, ืฐืึธืก ื”ืึธื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืืฑืกื’ืขืœืึธื–ื˜ ืคื•ื 'ื ื“ืึธื–ื™ื ืขืŸ ื ืืจื™ืฉืขืŸ 
ืงื™ื ื“ืขืจืฉืขืŸ ืคึผืœืึทืŸ, ืคื•ื 'ื ื“ืึธื–ื™ื ืขืŸ ืžืฉื•ื ืขื ืขื ืกื˜ื• ื™ื™ืง? ืื™ืš ืคืขืจ- 
ืฉื˜ืขื”, ืึทื– ืื™ื”ืจ ื•ื•ื™ืœื˜ ื•ื•ื™ืกืขืŸ, ืฆื™ ืื™ื– ื“ืึธืก ืชืงื™ืขืช-ื›ืฃ ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ืึท 
ืชืงื™ืขืช-ื›ืฃ ? ืฆื™ ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ ืžื™ืจ ื’ืขื”ืึทืœื˜ืขืŸ ืฐืึธืจื˜ ? ื•ื™ ืึทื–ืฑ ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ 
ืื•ื™ืกื’ืขื–ืขื”ืขืŸ ืึทื–ืฑ ืคื™ืข? ืงื™ื ื“ืขืจ, ืฐืึธืก ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ ืคึผืœื•ืฆื™ื ื–ื™ืš ืึทืฐืขืง- 
ื’ืขืœืขื’ื˜ ืึทืœืข ืื•ื™ืฃ ืื™ื™ืŸ ืกืจืขื ืง 4 ืฐืึธืก ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ ื’ืขื–ืึธื ื˜ ื“ื™ ืขืœื˜ืข- 
ืจืขืŸ ? ืฐืึธืก ื”ืึธื˜ ื’ืขื˜ื”ืึธืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืจื‘ื™ ? ืื•ืŸ ืฆื™ ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ ืžื™ืจ ืื•ื™ืกื ืข- 
ืคื™ื—ืจื˜ ื“ืึธืก, ืฐืึธืก ืžื™ืจ ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ ื’ืขืฐืึธืœื˜ 1... | 

ืฉืึทื“ืข, ืฐืึธืก ืื™ืš ืงืึธืŸ ืื™ื™ืš ืื™ืฆื˜ ืžืขื”ืจ ื ื™ื˜ ื“ืขืจืฆืขื—ืœืขืŸ, 
ืงื™ื ื“ืขืจืœืขืš, --- ืก'ืื™ื– ืขืจื‘ ื™ื•ื"ื˜ื•ื‘, ืื•ืŸ ืื™ืš ืคื•ื– ืื™ื‘ืขืจืจื™ื™ืกืขืŸ . 
ืกืึทืžืข ื‘ื™ื™'ื ืจืขื›ื˜ืขืŸ ืฉืคึผื™ืฅ, ืื•ืŸ ืื™ื‘ืขืจืœืึธื–ืขืŸ ื“ืขื ืกื•ืฃ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืฉื™ื™ืŸ 


ื• :5 = 6 , 
ืืค ืขืฉืœืึทื’ืขื ืข ื”ื•ืฉืขื ื•ืช 109 


ื˜ื ื“ืขืจืฉ ืžืึธืก., ืื•ืŸ ืžื—ืžืช ืกื™ืจ ื”ืึทืœื˜ืขืŸ ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ื™'ื ื’ืขื–ืขื’ืขื ืขืŸ 
ื–ื™ืš, ื•ื•ื™ืœ ืื™ืš ืึตื™ื™ืš ืื™ื‘ืขืจื’ืขื‘ืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืงื•ืจืฆืขืŸ, ืื– ื‘ื•ืขื– ืœืขื‘ื˜ ื ืึธืŸ. 
ื ืึธืš ื˜ื• ืึธืš ืื•ืŸ ืึทื– ื•ื•ืขื” ืื™ื– ืฆื• ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืœืขื‘ืขืŸ ! ืขืจ ืื™ืŸ ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ืœืึทื ื• 
ื’ื•ื™ืก ืžืœืžืจ... ืฐืึธืก ื˜ื”ื•ื˜ ืขืจ? ืคื•ืŸ ืฐืึธืก ืœืขื‘ื˜ ืขืจ? ืขืจ ื’ืขื”ื˜ 
ื™ื‘ืขืจ ื“ื• ื”ื™ื™ื–ืขืจ. ืืคืฉืจ ื•ืขื ืื™ื—ื”ืจ ืื™ื”ื ืึทืžืึธืœ ื‘ืขื ืขื ืขื ืขืŸ 
(ืื™ืš ื•ื•ืขืœ ืื•ื™ืš ื–ืึธื’ืขืŸ 8 ืกื™ืžืŸ : ืขืก ืฉืœืขืคึผื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืื™ื—ื ื ืึถืš ื˜ ืคื•ืก), 
ื’ื™ื˜ ืื™ื”ื ืึท ื ื“ื‘ื”; ื ืขื‘ืึทืš 8 ืจื—ืžื ื•ืช -- ืฉื™ืŸ ืึธืคึผื ืขืฉืœืึทื ืขื ืข 
ื”ื•ืฉืขื’ื ื™ืก 


ืžืขืŸ ืื™ื– ื–ื™ืš ื˜ื•ื—ืœ 


ืจืขื˜ืœืข ื˜ืืขืงืง ;ืขื– 


ื˜ื™ืคึผืขืŸ ืฐืึธืก ืฉื˜ืืจืคืขืŸื™ืึธืคึผ 


ื’ืขืฉืจื™ื‘ึผืขืŸ ืœื›ึผื›ื•ื“ ืขืฉืจืช:ื™ืžื™ื™ืชึผืฉื•ื‘ื” (ืื™ืŸ ื™ืึธื”ืจ 1911) 


ืึท ืงื•ืจืฆืข ื—ืงืจืžืฃ 


5 


ืฆื•ื•ื™ืฉืขืŸ ื“ื™ ืคืขืจืฉื™ืขื“ืขื ืข ื˜ื™ืคึผืขืŸ, ืฐืึธื˜ ื“ืึธื˜ ืื™ืฑื™ื•ื™ 
ืฉืข ืœืขื‘ืขืŸ ื’ื™ื˜ื™ืฉืจื•ื™ืก, ื’ืขืคื™ื ืขืŸ ื–ื™ืš ืื–ืขืœื›ืข, ืฐืึธื˜ ื”ืึธืœ- 
ื˜ืขืŸ ื‘ื™ื™'ื ืฉื•ื•ืขืงื’ืขื”ืŸ, ืฐืึธืก ืฉื˜ืึทืจื‘ืขืŸ-ืึถืคึผ. ืžืึธื”ืœืขืŸ ืœืข- 
ื‘ืขื“ื™ื’ืข ืžืขื ืฉืขืŸ ืื™ื– 8 ืชืขื ื•ื’; ื‘ืขืฉืจื™ื™ื‘ืขืŸ ื“ื™ ื˜ื™ืคึผืขืŸ, 
ืฐืึธืก ืฉื˜ืึทืจื‘ืขืŸ-ืื, ืื™ื– ื ืžืฆื•ื”. ื–ื™ื™ ื‘ืขื˜ืขืŸ ื–ื™ืฃ: 
,ืžืึธื”ืœื˜ ืื•ื’ื–,, ื‘ืขืฉืจื™ื™ื‘ื˜ ืื•ื ืŸืŸ; ืœืึฒืžื™ืจ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืคืขืจ- 
ื’ืขืกืขืŸ ื•ื•ืขืจืขืŸ ืคื•ื 'ื ืงื•ืžืขื ื“ื™ื ืขืŸ ื“ื•ืจ"... ืึทื–ืขืœื›ืข ืžื•- 
ืคึผืขืŸ ื’ืขื‘ ืื™ืš ื ื ืึทื ืฅ ื‘ื™ื ื˜ืขืค, ื ืกืขืจื™ืข. ืื™ื™ื ื™ื ืข ืคื•ืŸ 
ื–ื™ื™ -- ืึธื˜ ื“ืึธ, ืฆื•ืœื™ืขื‘ ืขืฉืจืช ื™ืžื™ ืชืฉื•ื‘ื”; ื•ื“ื™ ืื™ื‘ืข" 
ืจื™ื’ืข -- ื‘ื™ื™ ืึทื ื“ืขืจืข ื’ืขืœืขื’ืขื ื”ื™ื™ื˜ืขืŸ, 


198 


ืฉืœื•ืกื™ืขืœื™ื›ื ื‘. |1/ื– 12 


ืžืขืŸ ืื™ื– ื–ื™ืš ืžื•ื—ืœ 


ื 
ื ื—-ืฐืึธืœืฃ ื“ืขืจ ืงืฆื‘. 


ื“ืขืจ ื˜ืึธื’ ืคื•ืŸ ืขืจื‘ ื™ื•ื-ื›ืคึผื•ืจ ื–ืึธืœ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื“ืจื™ื™ ืžืึธ? ืึทื–ืฑ ื’ืจื•ื™ืก 
ืฐื•ื™ ืขืจ ืื™ื–, ืฐืึธืœื˜ ืขืจ ืื•ื™ืš ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ืงืืจื’ ืคืึทืจ ื ื—-ืฐื•ืึธืœืฃ ื“ืขื ืงืฆื‘, 
ืขืจ ื–ืึธืœ ืคืึทืจื˜ื™ื’ ื•ื•ืขืจืขืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืึทืจื‘ื™ื™ื˜ ื‘ื™ื– ื“ืขืจ ื’ืจื•ื™ืกืขืจ ืขืจื‘- 
ื™ื•ื-ื›ืคื•ืจ'ื“ื™ื ืขืจ ืžื ื—ื”. 

ืื•ืŸ ืึทืจื‘ื™ื™ื˜ ื”ืึธื˜ ื ื—-ื•ื•ืึธืœืฃ ื’ืขื ื•ื’ --- ืขืจ ื“ืืจืฃ ื–ื™ืš ืื™ื‘ืขืจ- 
ื‘ืขื˜ืขืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ื ืฉื˜ืึธื“ื˜ ืื™ื“ืขืŸ, ื‘ืขื˜ืขืŸ ืžื—ื™ืœื— ื‘ื™ื™ ืืœืข ื–ื™ื™ื ืข ืกื•ื ื™ื, 
ื•ืฐื•ืึธืก ืงื•ื™ืคืขืŸ ื‘ื™ื™ ืื™ื”ื ืคืœื™ื™ืฉ, ืื•ืŸ ื‘ื™ื™ ืึทืœึถืข ื–ื™ื™ื ืข ืฉื‘ื ื™ื, ืฐืึธืก 
ืฐื•ืึธื”ื ืขืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ืื™ื”ื ืื•ื™ืฃ ืื™ื™ืŸ ื’ืึธืก, ืฐืึธืก ืฉื˜ืขื”ืขืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ืื™ื”ื ื 
ืงืœื™ื™ื˜ ื ืขื‘ืขืŸ ืึท ืงืœื™ื™ื˜, ืื•ืŸ ืฐืึธืก ื–ื™ืฆืขืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ืื™ื”ื ื ืฉื˜ืึธื“ื˜ ื ืขื‘ืขืŸ 
ื ืฉื˜ืึธื“ื˜ ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืงืฆื‘'ื™ืฉืขืจ ืงืœื•ื™ื–, 

ืก'ืื™ื– ื ื™ืฉื˜ืึธ ืื™ืŸ ืฉื˜ืึธืจื˜ ื ืžืขื ืฉ, ืฐืึธืก ื ื—-ืฐื•ืึทืœืฃ ื“ืขืจ ืงืฆื‘ 
ื–ืึธืœ ืžื™ื ืื™ื—ื ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ ื’ืขื”ืื˜ ืขืคื™ื˜ ื ืกื˜ื™ื˜ืฉืงืข. ื ื™ืฉื˜ 
ืžื—ืžืช ื ื—-ืฐื•ืึธืœืฃ ื“ืขืจ ืงืฆื‘ ืื™ื–, ื—ืœื™ืœื—, ืึทื–ืึท ืฉืœืขื›ื˜ืขืจ ืžืขื ืฉ, ื ืึธืจ 
ืก'ืื™ื– ื‘ื™ื™ ืื™ื”ื, ืฐื•ื™ ืขืจ ืึทืœึตื™ื™ืŸ ื–ืึธื ื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื–ื™ืš, ืึท ืคึผืึธื“ืœืขืจ ื›ืืจืืก- 
ื˜ืขืจ --- ื–ื™ืš ืงืจื™ืขื ืขืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ื“ืขืจ ื•ื•ืขืœื˜, 

ืงื•ืžื ืื™ื”ืจ ืฆื•ึน ืื™ื”ื ืื™ืŸ ื™ืึทื˜ืงืข ื ืึธืš ืคืœื™ื™ืฉ, ื–ืึธืœ ืขืจ ืื™ื™ืฃ 
ืึธืคึผื‘ืึธื“ืขืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ืึท ืฉืขืคืขืœ ืงืึทืœื˜ ืฐืึทืกืขืจ, ืขืจ ื•ื•ื™ื™ืกื˜ ืึทืœึตื™ื™ืŸ ื ื™ืฉื˜, 
ืคืึทืจ ืฐืึธืก, 

198 


= 7 ืฉืœื•ื-ืขืœื•ื›ื 


ืขืก ืงื•ืžืื˜ ืึทืจื™ื™ืŸ ืึท ื‘ืขืœื™ื”ื‘ื™ืช'ื˜ืข. 

--- ืจื‘ ื ื—-ืฐืึธืœื”, ื”ืึธื˜ ืื™ื”ืจ ืคืจื™ืฉ ืคืœื™ื™ืฉ? 

ืขื ื˜ืคืขืจื˜ ืื™ื”ืจ ื ื—-ืฐืึธืœืฃ ; 

--- ื•ื™ ืงื•ืžื˜ ืฆื• ืกื™ืจ ืคืจื™ืฉ? ืคึฟืึทืจืฉื˜ื•ื ืงืขืŸ ืคืœื™ื™ืฉ, ืื•ื™ืฃ 
ืื™ื—ืจ ื“ืึทืจืคื˜, ืงืึธื ื˜ ืื™ื”ืจ ื‘ื™ื™ ืžื™ืจ ืงืจื™ื’ืขืŸ... 

ืึธื“ืขืจ ; 

--- ืจื‘ ื ื—-ืฐืึธืœืฃ, ื’ื™ื˜ ืžื™ืจ ืขืคึผื™ืก ืึท ื ื•ื˜ืขืŸ ื—ืœืง. 

--- ืื™ืš ืฐืขืœ? ืึตื™ื™ืš ื’ืขื‘ืขืŸ ืกืึทืžืข ื“ืขื ื—ืœืง, ื•ื•ืขืœื›ืขืŸ ืื™ื”ืจ 
ืคืึทืจื“ื™ืขื ื˜... 

ืึธื“ืขืจ : | 

--- ืฐืึธืก ื’ื™ื˜ ืื™ื”ืจ ืขืก ืžื™ืจ ืคืึทืจ ืึท ื ื‘ืœื”, ืฐืึธืœื˜ ืื™ืš ื•ื•ืขืœืขืŸ 
ื•ื•ื™ืกืขืŸ ? 

--- ื•ื™ ืงื•ืžื˜ ืึท ื ื‘ืœื” ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืึท ืžื‘ื™ืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื ื ื‘ืœื” ?... | 

ืึธื˜ ืึทื–ืฑ ื’ืจืึธื‘ ื‘ืขื ืขื”ื˜ ื–ื™ืš ื ื—ืฐืึธืœืฃ ืžื™ื˜ ื–ื™ื™ื ืข ืงื•ื ื”'ื˜ืขืก 
ื“ื™ ื‘ืขืœ-ื”ื ื™ืช'ื˜ืขืก. ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ืขื ืกื˜ืขืŸ ืฉืžื•ืขื˜ื˜ ืžืขืŸ ื ื™ืฉื˜. ืึท ื“ื™ืขื ืกื˜, 
ืึทื– ื–ื™ ื“ืึทืจืฃ ื ืขื”ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื™ืึทื˜ืงืข ืึทืจื™ืŸ, ืคืขืจืฉืขืœื˜ ื–ื™ ื–ื™ืš ืื™ื”ืจ ื’ืขื‘ื™ื™ืŸ. 
ื–ื™ ื•ื•ื™ื™ืกื˜ ืคืจื™ื”ืขืจ, ืึทื– ืคื•ืŸ ื ื—-ืฐื•ืึธืœืฃ ื“ืขื ืงืฆื‘ ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื–ื™ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื ื•ื 
ืึธืคึผืฉื ืฒื“ืขืŸ: ืึธื“ืขืจ ืขืจ ื•ื•ืขื ืื™ื”ืจ ื“ืขืจืœืื ื ืขืŸ ืžึดื™ื˜ ื ืœืขืงืขืจ 
ืื™ื‘ืขืจ'ืŸ ืคึผื ื™ื ืคื•ืŸ ืื•ื™ื‘ืขืŸ ืึทืจืึธืคึผ, ืึธื“ืขืจ ืขืจ ืฐืขื˜ ืื™ื”ืจ ืึธื ื˜ื”ื•ืŸ 
ื“ืขื ืงื•ื™ืฉ ืื•ื™ืค'ืŸ ืงืึธืคึผ, ืึธื“ืขืจ ืขืจ ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื–ื™ ื ืึธืจ ื“ื•ืจื›ื˜ืจื™ื™ื‘ืขืŸ : 

-- ื’ืขื” ื“ื™ืจ, ื’ืขื” ื’ืขื–ื•ื ื˜ืขืจื”ื™ื™ื“ ืฆื• ืึตื™ื™ืŸ ืึทื ื“ืขืจืขืŸ, ืคืืจื”ืืŸ 
ื’ืขื ื•ื’ ืงืฆื‘ื™ื ืึธื”ืŸ ืžื™ืจ. 

ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขืกื˜ื•ื•ืขื ืขืŸ, ืื™ื™ื ืก ืฆื•ื ืึทื ื“ืขืจืขืŸ ื’ืขื”ืขืจ ื–ื™ืš ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืึถืŸ. 
ื ื—-ืฐืึธืœืค ื“ืขืจ ืงืฆื‘ ืื™ื– ื˜ืึทืงื™ ืึท ื›ืขืกืŸ, ืึท ืžืฉื•ื ืข'ื ืขืจ, ืื•ืŸ ื“ืึธืš 
ื•ื•ืขื˜ ืžืขืŸ ืฆื• ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืึทื ื“ืขืจืขืŸ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื’ืขื”ืŸ, ืฐืึธืจื•ื ื ื—-ืฐื•ืึธืœืฃ ื“ืขืจ 
ืงืฆื‘ ืื™ื– ื“ืขืจ ืขื—ืจืœื™ื›ืกื˜ืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ืึทืœึถืข ืงืฆื‘ื™ื. ืึทืœึถืข ื•ื•ื™ื™ืกืขืŸ, ืึทื– 
ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืฐืึธื’ ืื™ื– ืึท ื•ืึธื’ ืื•ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืฐืึธืจื˜ ืื™ื– ื ืฐืึธืจื˜. ื–ืึธื ื˜ ืขืจ 
ืฉื™ื™ืš, ืึทื– ื“ืึธืก ืคืœื™ื™ืฉ ืื™ื– ื ืขื›ื˜ืขืŸ ื’ืขืงื•ื™ืœืขื˜, ื“ืึทืจืคื˜ ืื™ื”ืจ ืื™ื”ื 
ื“ืึธืก ืึทื ื“ืขืจืข ืžืึธืœ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืื™ื‘ืขืจืคืจืขื ืขืŸ. ื–ืึธื ื˜ ืขืจ ืึทื™ื™ืšึฐ ืฆื• ืึท 
ืžื™ืœืฅ, ืึท ืœื•ื ื’-ืื•ืŸื“ืœืขื‘ืขืจ ืึธื“ืขืจ ืึท ืคื•ืก ืื•ื™ืฃ ืฉื‘ืช -- ืงืึธื ื˜ ืื™ื”ืจ 


ืžืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ ื–ื•ืš ืžื•ื”ืœ : 197 


ืฉืœืึทืžืขืŸ ืจื•ื”ื™ื’. / ื—ื™ื™ื ื˜ ืฐืขื˜ ืขืจ ืื•ื™ืš ื’ื™ืฉื˜ ืืจื™ื™ื ื ืขื”ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืงื™ื™ืŸ 
ื’ื ื‘ื”'ืฉืข ืฉื˜ื™ืง ืคื™ื˜ ื“ืขืจ ื“ื™ืขื ืกื˜ ืื•ืŸ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืžืื›ืขืŸ ื™ื“ื™ืื—ื”ืช ืžื™ื˜ 
ื“ื™ ืงืฆื‘ื™ื, ืื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจื™ื‘ืขืจ ื ืจืึธื‘ืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืื™ื”ื ื“ื™ ื“ื™ืขื ืกื˜ืขืŸ, ื•ื™ 
ื•ื•ื™ื™ื˜ ื–ื™ื™ ืงืึทื ืขืŸ, ืื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืงืฆื‘ื™ื ืฐืึทืœื˜ืขืŸ ืื™ื”ื ื“ืขืจื˜ืจื•ื ืงืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ 
ื ืœืขืคืข? ืฐืึทืกืขืจ,. ื•ื™ ื ื‘ื™ื™ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื”ืืœื– ืฉื˜ืขื”ื˜ ื–ื™ื™ ื ื—ื•ื•ืืœืฃ, 
ื ืื™ื“ ืึทื™ื™ืŸ ืขืงืฉืŸ, ืฉืคึผืืจื˜ ืขืจ ื–ื™ืš ืื™ื™ืŸ -- ืื™ื– ืฐื™ ืื™ื™ืŸ ืึถื›ื 
ืคึฟืึทืจ ื“ืขืจ ืฉื—ื™ื˜ื”, ืคื•ื 'ื ืืจื ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืฆื• ืจื™ื”ืจืขืŸ. 

ืื•ืŸ ืืœื™ื™ืŸ ื–ืขื”ื˜ ืขืจ ืื•ื™ื ืื•ื™ืš ื•ื™ ืื™ื™ืŸ ืื›ืก, ืฐื™ ื ื•ื•ื™ื•ืขืœ" 
ื˜ื™ืขืจ,. = ื”ื•ื™ื›ืขืจ, ื ืงืจื™ื™ื˜ืขืจ, ืžื™ื˜ ื ืจื•ื˜ ืคึทึผื ื™ื ืื•ืŸ ื ืคึผืึธืฃ 
ื•ื“ื™ื. ืื– ืขืจ ื ืขืžื˜ ื”ืืงืขืŸ ืคืœื™ื™ืฉ, ืื™ืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ืึทื–ื ืจืฆื™ื—ื”, ื’ืœื•ื™ืฃ 
ื–ื™ ื“ืขืจ ืึธื›ึธึผื ืึทื“ืขืจ ื“ื™ ื‘ื—ืกื” ื”ืึธื˜ ืขืคื™ื˜ ื—ื•ื˜ื ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืื™ืŸ 
ืžืขืจ'ืžืฉืคื˜ ื’ืขืฐืึธืจืขืŸ ืฆืขื”ืืกื˜ ืื•ืŸ ืฆืขืฉื ื™ืžืขืŸ ืฆื• ื•ื•ืขืจืขืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ื ืข 
ื”ืขื’ืจ. | 

ื ืื™ื“ ื ื“ื•ืฆื— { -- ื–ืึทื ื˜ ืžืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืื•ื”ื ืื™ืŸ ืฉื˜ืึธืจื˜ 
ืื•ืŸ ืžืข ื”ืึธื˜ ืคึฟืึทืจ ืื™ื”ื ืกื•ืจื, 


ื ืึธืจ ืื•ื‘ ื ื’ืื ืฅ ื™ืื—ืจ ืขืกื˜ ื•ืš ื ื—ื•ืืœืฃ ื“ืขืจ ืงืฆื‘ ืื™ืŸ 
ืื™ื˜ืœื™ื›ืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ื‘ื™ื™ื ืขืจ ืึทืจื™ื™ืŸ, ืื™ื– ื“ืึธืก ื ืึธืจ ื‘ื™ื– ืชืฉื•ื‘ื”-ื˜ืขื’; 
ืื•ืŸ ืงื•ืžืขืŸ ืึถืŸ ื“ื™ ืชืฉื•ื ื—-ื˜ืขื’, ืื•ืŸ ืื™ื—ื ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืฆื•ึน ื“ืขืจืงืขื ืขืŸ. 
ืคื•ื 'ื ืขืจืฉื˜ืขืŸ ื˜ืึธื’ ืจืืฉ-ื™ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ืืœื•ืœ ื•ื•ืขืจื“ ืขืจ ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ืื™ื™ืŸ ืื ื“ืขืฃ 
ืžืขื ืฉ. ืขืจ ืฐืขืจื“ ืคึฟืจื•ื, ื”ืึธื˜ ืžื•ืจื ืคืืจ ื ืึธื ืื•ืŸ ื˜ืืจ ืื™ืŸ 
ืขื‘ื™ืจื” ืื•ืŸ ืคืืจ ื ื‘ื™ื•ื–ืขืŸ ื—ืœื•ื { ื”ืขืจื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืฆื• ืกืจื™ืขื ืขืŸ ื–ื™ืš ืกื™ื˜ 
ื“ื™ ืงืฆื‘ื™ื { ืฆื• ื“ื™ ื‘ืขืœ-ื”ื‘ื™ืช'ื˜ืขืก ื•ื•ืขืจื“ ืขืจ ื•ื•ื™ื™ืš ื•ื™ ืคึผื•ื˜ืขืจ, ืฆื• 
ื“ื™ ื“ื™ืขื ืกื˜ืขืŸ -- ื’ื•ื˜, ื—ืึธื˜ืฉ ืœืขื’ ืื™ื”ื ืฆื• ืฆื• ืึท ืžื›ื” -- ื ืึธืšืจ 
ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื“ืขืจ ื ื—-ืฐืึธืœืฃ, ืืคื™ื˜ ื“ืึธื ืคืœื™ื™ืฉ ื”ืึทืงืขืŸ ื”ืืงื˜ ืขืจ ืึถื”ืŸ 
ื“ืฆื™ื—ื”, ืฐื™ ืึทืœืข ืžืึธืœ, ื ืึธืจ ืคึผืึทืฐืึทืœื™ื ืงืข, ืžื™ื ืจื—ืžื™ื. ื’ืืจ ื ื™ืฉื˜ 
ื“ืขืจ ื ื—-ื•ื•ืืœืฃ, 


ืขืจื‘ ื™ื•ื-ื›ืคึผื•ืจ ื•ื•ืขืจื“ ืขืจ ืคืึทืจื˜ื™ื’ ืคืึทืจ ืคืจื™ื— ; ืคืขืจืฉืœืึทืžืขืŸ ื“ื™ 
ื™ืึทื˜ืงืข, ื“ืึทืฐื ืขืŸ ื”ืึธื˜ ืขืจ ื’ืขื“ืืฐืขื ื˜ ืžื™ื˜ืฅ ืขืจืฉื˜ืขืŸ ืžื ื™ืŸ, ื˜ื”ื•ื˜ 
ืขืจ ืึธืŸ ื“ื™ ื•ื•ื-ื˜ื•ื›'ื“ื™ื’ืข ืงืืคึผืึธื˜ืข ืื•ืŸ ื’ืขื”ื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ืฉื˜ื•ื‘ ืฆื• ืฉื˜ื•ื‘ 


108 ืฉืœื•ื-ืขืœื•ื›ื / 
ืฆื• ืึทืœืข ื–ื™ื™ื ืข ืงื•ื ื™ื ืื•ืŸ ืฉื›ื ื™ื, ืคืจื™ื™ื ื“ ืื•ืŸ ื‘ืขืงืึทื ื˜ืข, ื–ื™ื™ ืื™ื‘ืขืจ- 
ื‘ืขื˜ืขืŸ, ื–ื™ืš ืžื•ื—ืœ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ : 

-- ืึท ื’ื•ื˜ ื™ื•ื-ื˜ื•ื‘! ื˜ืึธืžืขืจ ื”ืึธื‘ ืื™ืš ืึทื™ื™ืš ืึธื ื’ืขืจื™ื”ืจื˜ 
ืžื™ื˜ ืึท ืงืจื•ื ืฐืึธืจื˜, ื‘ืขื˜ ืื™ืš ืื™ื™ืš ืื™ื‘ืขืจ ืื•ืŸ ื•ื•ื™ื ืฉ ืื™ื™ืš ืึท 
ื—ืชื™ืžื” ื˜ื•ื‘ื”. 

ื“ืขืจื•ื™ืฃ ืขื ื˜ืคืขืจื˜ ืžืขืŸ ืื™ื”ื: ;ื ื ืืชื, ืœืึธืŸ ื’ืึธื˜ ืžื•ื—ืœ 


ื–ื™ื™ืŸ". --- ืื•ืŸ ืžืข ื‘ืขื˜ ืื™ื”ื ื–ื™ืฆืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืžืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืื™ื”ื ืžื›ื‘ืจ 
ืžื™ื˜ ืœืขืงืืš, 


= 
ืขื–ื“ื™ืืœ ื“ืขืจ ืคื™ืœื™ืขืจ. 


ื–ื™ื ื˜ ื“ื™ ื•ื•ืขืœื˜ ืฉื˜ืขื”ื˜, ื”ืึธื˜ ื–ื™ ื ืึธืš ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื ืขื–ืขื”ืขืŸ ืื–ื 
ื‘ื™ื™ื–ืขืŸ ื ืคืฉ, ืฐื™ ืขื–ืจื™ืืœ ื“ืขืจ ืคื™ืœื™ืขืจ. 

ืึท ื‘ื™ื™ื–ืขืจ ืื™ื“ ืžื™ื˜ ื‘ื™ื™ื–ืข ืื•ื™ื ืขืŸ, ืžื™ื˜ ื’ืจื•ื™ืกืข ื‘ืจืขืžืขืŸ, ืื•ืŸ 
ื•ืฐื•ืึธื ืกื™ืก ืึทื–ืขืœื›ืข, ืฐืึธืก ืฉื˜ืขื›ืขืŸ ื–ื™ืš, ืื•ืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ืึท ื‘ืึธืจื“, ื•ื™ ืึตื™ื™ืŸ 
ืึธื ื’ืขืงืœืขืคึผื˜ืข, ืื•ืŸ ื ื•ืื˜ืขื ืข ืœื™ื™ื‘ืขืœ ื˜ืจืึทื ื˜ ืขืจ ื–ื•ืžืขืจ ืื•ืŸ ืฐืฒื’- 
ื˜ืขืจ, ืฐืึธืก ืกืข ื–ืขื”ืขืŸ ื–ื™ืš ืึทืจื•ื™ืก ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขื ื“ื™ ืฆื™ืฆื™ืช ืคื•ืŸ ื˜ืœื™ืช-ืงื˜ืŸ 
ืื•ืŸ ืกืข ืฉืžืขืงื˜ ืžื™ื˜ ืจื•ื™ื”ืข ืคื™ืฉ ืคืึทืจ ืึท ืžื™ื™ืœ. 

ืึท ื’ืื ืฆืข ื•ืึธืš ื–ืขื”ื˜ ืžืขืŸ ืื™ื”ื ื ื™ืฉื˜. ื ืึธืจ ืึทืœืข ืขืจื‘-ืฉื‘ืช 
ืื•ืŸ ืึทืœืข ืขืจื‘-ื™ื•ื-ื˜ื•ื‘ ืงื•ืžื˜ ืขืจ ืืจื•ื™ืก ืื™ืŸ ืžืึทืจืง ืึทืจื™ื™ืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ืึท 
ื”ื•ื™ื›ืขืŸ ืฐืึธื’ืขืŸ ืคื™ืฉ. ืื•ื™ืค'ืŸ ืฐืึธื ืขืŸ ื–ื™ืฆื˜ ื‘ื™ื™ ืื™ื”ื ื ืžื™ื™ื“ืขืœ 
ืžื™ื˜ ืึท ืฉื•ื•ืืจืฅ ื ืขืฉื˜ื•ืคืขืœื˜ ืคึผื ื™ื ืื•ืŸ ื ื™ื˜ ืึทื›ื˜ื•ื ื’ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื™ ืคื™ืฉ. 
ืื•ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื•ื•ื™ื™ื‘, ืกื™ื™ื˜ืข ื“ื™ ืคื™ืœื™ืขืจื™ืŸ, ืึท ืื™ื“ื™ื ืข ืึท ื’ืขืฉืฐืึธืœืขื ืข, 
ืฉื˜ืขื”ื˜ ื‘ื™ื™'ื ืฐืึธื ืขืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ื ื‘ืขื–ืžืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื”ืื ื“ ืื•ืŸ ื’ื™ื˜ ืึทื›ื˜ื•ื ื’ 
ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื™ ืžื™ืฉ. 

--- ืคื™ืฉ -- ืคื™ืฉ --- ืคืจื™ืฉืข --- ืฆืึทืคึผืขืœื“ื™ื ืข --- ื•ื•ื™ื™ื‘ืขืœืขืš -- 
ืื•ื™ืฃ ืฉื‘ืช ! 

ืึทื–ืฑื™ ืงืœื™ื ื ื˜ ืื•ื™ืก ืขื–ืจื™ื? ื“ืขืจ ืคื™ืœื™ืขืจ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืึท ืงื•ืœ ืžื™ื˜ ื 
ืฉืขื ืขื ื ื™ื’ื•ืŸ ืื™ื‘ืขืจ'ืŸ ื ืึทื ืฆืขืŸ ืžืึทืจืง ืื•ืŸ ืœืึธื–ื˜ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืืจืึธืคึผ ืงื™ื™ืŸ 
ืื•ื™ื’ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื•ื•ื™ื™ื‘ืขืจ, ืฐืึธืก ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ ื›ืขืœืขื’ืขืจื˜ ื“ืขื ืฐืึทื ืขืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ืืœืข 
ื–ื™ื™ื˜ืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ ื”ืึทืคึผืขืŸ ื“ื™ ืคื™ืฉ ื‘ื™ื™ ื“ื™ ืงืขืคึผืœืขืš, ืคืขืจืงื•ืงืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ื–ืฉืึทื‘- 
ืจืขืก, ื˜ื™ื˜ืฉืขืŸ ืžื™ื˜'ืŸ ืคื™ื ื’ืขืจ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืื•ื™ื ืขืŸ ืึธื“ืขืจ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ื‘ื™ื™ื›ืœืขืš 
ืึทืจื™ื™ืŸ --- ืื•ืŸ ื“ืึธืก ื”ืึธื˜ ืขื–ืจื™ืืœ ื“ืขืจ ืคื™ืœื™ืขืจ ืคื™ื™ื ื˜, ื•ื™ ื—ื–ื™ืจ, 
ื˜ืจื™ื™ื‘ื˜ ืขืจ ืึถืคึผ ื“ื™ ื•ื•ื™ื™ื‘ืขืจ ืคื•ื 'ื ืฐืึธื ืขืŸ : 

109 


00 | ืฉืœื•ื-ืขืœื•ื›ื 


--- ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืขืจื“ ืืจื™ื™ืŸ ! ื’ืขื ื•ื’ ื˜ืืคึผืขืŸ! 


ืึธืคึผื’ืขื–ืึธื’ื˜ ื“ืึธืก ื“ืึธื–ื™ื’ืข ืฉื˜ื™? ืื•ืŸ ื’ื™ืš, ืจื•ืคื˜ ืขื–ืจื™ืืœ ื“ืขืจ 
ืคื™ืœื™ืขืจ ืฐื™ืขื“ืขืจ ืื•ื™ื ืื•ื™ืฃ ื ื ื™ื’ื•ืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืงืœื™ื ื’ืขื ื“ื™ื’ืขืŸ ืงื•ืœ; 


--- ืคื™ืฉ -- ืคึฟื™ืฉ -- ืคื ื™ืฉืข --- ืฆืึทืคึผืขืœื“ื™ื’ืข --- ื•ื•ื™ื™ื‘ืขืœืขืš --- 
ืื•ื™ืฃ ืฉื‘ืช ! 


ืื™ื˜ืœื™ื›ืข ืื™ื“ื™ื ืข, ื–ื™ ืžืขื’ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื˜ ื‘ืขืœ-ื”ื‘ื™ืช'ื˜ืข ืึธื“ืขืจ ืึท 
ื“ื™ืขื ืกื˜, ืื™ื– ื‘ื™ื™ ืขื–ืจื™ื5 ื“ืขื ืคื™ืœื™ืขืจ ืคืขืจืจืขื›ืขื ื˜, ืึทื– ืžืข ื‘ืขื“ืืจืฃ 
ืื•ื™ืฃ ืื™ื”ืจ ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ ืื™ื™ืŸ ืื•ื™ื’. ื“ืึธืก ื”ื™ื™ืกื˜, ืขืจ ืื™ื– ื–ื™ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื—ื•ืฉืจ, 
ื—ืœื™ืœื”, ืึทื– ื–ื™ ืื™ื– ื ื’ื ื‘'ื˜ืข, ื ืึธืจ ื‘ื™ื™ ืคื™ืฉ ืื™ื– ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืฉื™ื™ืš. ืขื–ืจื™ืืœ 
ื“ืขืจ ืคื™ืœื™ืขืจ ื”ืืœื˜, ืึทืŸ ื“ื™ ืฉืขื ืกื˜ืข ื ื ื™ื“ื™ืช ืื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืขื”ืจืœื™ื›ืกื˜ืข 
ืฆื“ืงื ื™ืช ื•ื•ืขื ื–ื™ืš ืงืฐืึทืคึผืขืŸ ืึทืžืึธ?, ืฆื•ื•ื™ืฉืขืŸ ื™ื ืื•ืŸ ื ื™ื™ืŸ, ื‘ืฉืขืช 
ื‘ื”ืœื”, ืื•ื•ืขืง'ืœืงื—'ืขื ืขืŸ ืึท ืคื™ืฉืขืค, ื˜ืื– ืงื™ื™ื ืขืจ ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื–ืขื”ืขืŸ. 
,ืคื™ืฉ, ื–ืื ื˜ ืขืจ, ืื™ื– ืึท ื ืกื™ื•ืŸ, ืฐืึธืก ืคืืจ ื ื‘ืข?-ื”ื‘ื™ืช'ื˜ืข ืื™ื– ืฉื•ื•ืขืจ 
ืื•ื™ืกืฆื•ืฉื˜ืขื”ืŸ"... ืขืก ื˜ืจืขืคื˜ ืึทืœืข ื™ึนืึธื”ืจ ื ืกืงืื ื“ืืœ: ื ื•ื™- 
ื‘ืขืœ ืงืจื™ื ื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ืื™ื”ื ื’ืขืคึผืึทื˜ืฉื˜ ืžื™ื˜ ืึท ื”ืขื›ื˜ืขืค? ืื™ื‘ืขืจ ื“ื™ ืคึผื™ื˜ืกืขืก. 
ืœื•ื™ืคื˜ ืžืขืŸ ื–ื™ืš ืฆื•ื ื•ื™ื”, ืื•ืŸ ืขืก ืฐืขืจื“ ื ื’ืขื˜ื•ืžืขืœ?,. ืžืขื ืฉืขืŸ ืฉื˜ืข- 
ืœืขืŸ ื–ื™ืš ืึตื™ื™ืŸ ืคืึทืจ'ืŸ ื•ื•ื™ื™ื‘ืขืœ, ื’ืขื‘ืขืŸ ืื™ื”ืจ ืึตื™ื™ืŸ ืขืฆื”, ื–ื™ ื–ืึธืœ ืึทื•ื™ืŸ- 
ื’ืขื‘ืขืŸ ืฆื•ื ืžื™ืจืึธื•ื•ืื™ ืึธื“ืขืจ ืฉืœืขืคึผืขืŸ ืฆื•ื ืจื‘, ื ืึธืจ ื•ื•ื™ื™ืœ ื“ืขืจ ื‘ื–ื™ื•ืŸ 
ืื™ื– ื’ืจื•ื™ืก, ื ื’ืจืขืกืขืจ ืžื•ื 'ื ื•ื•ืขื”ื˜ื™ื’, ืฆืขื’ืขื—ื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืขืก ืžื™ื˜ ื ืึธืš- 
ื ื™ืฉื˜. 


8 ืกืš ื•ื•ื™ื™ื‘ืขืจ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ืขื–ืจื™ืืœ'ืขืŸ. ื–ื™ื™ ื•ื•ื™ื™ืกืขืŸ, ืื– ืืœื™ื™ืŸ 
ื˜ืึธืจ ืžืขืŸ ื–ื™ืš ืฆื• ื–ื™ื™ื ืข ืคื™ืฉ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืฆื•ืจื™ื”ืจืขืŸ, ืึทื–ืฑ ืฐื•ื™, ืœื—ื‘ื“ื™?, ืฆื• 
ื’ืึธืœื“ ืึธื“ืขืจ ืฆื• ื˜ื™ื™ืขืจืข ืฉื˜ื™ื™ื ืขืจ. 


--- ืฐื•ื™ ื˜ื™ื™ืขืจ ืื™ื– ื‘ื™ื™ ืึทื™ื™ืš ื”ื™ื™ื ื˜ 8 ืคื•ื ื˜ ื‘ืจื™ืœื™ืึทื ื˜ืขืŸ? --- 
ืคืจืขื ื˜ ืื™ื”ื ืึท ื•ื•ื™ื™ื‘ืขืค, ืฉื˜ืขื”ืขื ื“ื™ื’ ืžื™ื˜'ืŸ ืงื•ื™ืฉ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจื•ื•ื™ื™ื˜ืขืŸ 
ืื•ืŸ ื•ื•ื™ื™ื–ืขื ื“ื™ื’ ืžื™ื˜'ืŸ ืžื™ื ื“ืกื˜ืขืŸ ืคื™ื ื’ืขืจืข? ืื•ื™ืค'ืŸ ืฐืึธื’ืขืŸ. 

-- ืื™ืš ื”ืึทื ื“ืขืœ ืžื™ื˜ ืคื™ืฉ, ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืžื™ื˜ ื‘ืจื™ืœื™ืื ื˜ืขืŸ. --- ืขื ื˜- 
ืคืขืจื˜ ืื™ื”ืจ ืขื–ืจื™ืืœ ืื•ืŸ ืื™ื– ื–ื™ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืžื–ื›ื” ืืคื™ืœื• ืžื™ื˜ ืึท ืงื•ืง ืคื•ืŸ 


ืฉืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื–ื™ืš ืžื•ื—ืœ 201 


ื–ื™ื™ื ืข ื‘ื™ื™ื–ืข ืื•ื™ื’ืขืŸ, ืื•ืŸ ืœืึธื–ื˜ ืื•ื™ื˜ ื˜ื™ื˜ 6 ื ื™ื’ื•ืŸ : ,,ืคื™ืฉ --- ืžื™ืฉ --- 
ืคืจื™ืฉืข -- ืฆืึทืคึผืขืœื“ื™ื ืข --- ื•ื•ื™ื™ื‘ืขืœืขืฃ !" 

-- ื ืื™ืš 8 ื ื›ืคึผื—'ื ื™ืง! -- ื–ืึธื’ืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืื™ื—ื ื“ื™ ื•ื•ื™ื™ื‘ืขืจ. 
ื–ื™ื™ ืฐืึธืœื˜ืขืŸ ื•ื•ืขืœืขืŸ ืื™ื—ื ืื•ื™ืกืžื•ื™ื“ืขืŸ, ืื™ืŸ ืื•ื ืžืขื ืœื™ืš: ื ื™ืฉื˜ื 
ืžืขื”ืจ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืคื™ืœื•ืขืจื˜ ืื™ืŸ ืฉื˜ืึธื“ื˜, ืื•ื™ืกืขืจ ืขื–ืจื™ืืœ ื“ืขื ืคื™ืœื™ืขืจ, 
ื”ืึธื˜ืฉ ืฆื™ื”ื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืื•ื™ื ืื•ืŸ ืฉื˜ืึทืจื‘ื˜, ืึธื“ืขืจ ื‘ืœื™ื™ื‘ื˜, ื—ืœื™ืœื—, ืึถื—ืŸ 
ืคื™ืฉ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืฉื‘ืช, ื•ื•ืขืœื›ืขืก ืื™ื– ื ืึธืš ืขืจื’ืขืจ ื•ื™ ื ืขืฉื˜ืึทืจื‘ืขืŸ, ืฐืึธืจื•ื 
ืฉ ืžืขื ืฉ, ืึทืŸ ืขืจ ืฉื˜ื˜ืจื‘ื˜, ื•ื•ื™ื™ืกื˜ ืขืจ, 18 ืขืจ ืื™ืŸ ื’ืขืฉื˜ืืจื‘ืขืŸ --- 
ืื•ืŸ ืื™ื™ืŸ ืขืก{ ืื•ืŸ ื˜ ื•ื™ื™ื‘, ืึตื– ื–ื™ ืงื•ืžื˜ ืื—ื™ื™ื ืึถื”ืŸ ืคื™ืฉ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืฉื‘ืช, 
ื•ื•ืขื ื–ื™ ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ ื˜ ื•ืืš ืคื•ืŸ ืื™ื”ืจ ืžืืŸ --- ืื•ื™ืฃ ืึทืœึถืข ืฉื•ื ืื™ื 
ื’ืขื–ืึธื’ื˜ ื’ืขื•ื•ืืจืขืŸ ! 

-- ืขืจ ื–ืึธืœ ื•ื•ืขืœืขืŸ ืึธื ืœืขื’ืขืŸ ืžื™ื˜'ืŸ ืงืึธืคึผ, ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืื•ื ืขืจื‘- 
ื™ื•ื"ื˜ื•ื‘ ื“ืขืจืžืื ืขื ื“ื™ื’ ! 

ื–ื™ ื–ืึทื ืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืื™ื”ื ื“ื™ ื•ื•ื™ื™ื›ืขืจ ื“ืขื ื˜ืึธื’, ื•ืืก ืขืจื‘-ื™ื•ื˜- 
ื›ืคึผื•ืจ, ืื•ืŸ ืœื•ื™ืžืขืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ ืงืึทืฉืขืงืœืขืš ืื™ืŸ ืกืืจืง ื˜ืจื™ื™ืŸ, ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ 
ืžื•ืจื, ื—ืœื™ืœืช, . ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืคืขืจืฉืคึผืขื˜ื™ื ืขืŸ, ื•ืึธืจื•ึนื ืขืจื›-ื™ื•ื-ื›ืคื•ืจ ืื™ื– 
ืขื•ืจื™ืืœ ื–ื™ืšืฃ ื’ื•ื—ื’ ืื•ื™ืคืฉื˜ืขื”ืŸ ื›ืื•ืจ, ืึทื– ื’ืึธื˜ ื˜ืœื™ื™ืŸ ืฉืœืืžื˜ ื ืืš, ืื•ืŸ 
8 ืื™ื“ืขืŸ ืงืœื•ื™ื‘ืขืŸ ื–ื™ืš ื ืืš ืื™ืŸ ืฉื•ื—? ืืจื™ื™ืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืงื•ืงืขืŸ-ื˜ืจื•ื™ืก ืื•ื™ืฃ 
ืœืขืงืืš ืคื•ื 'ื ื’ื‘ืื™, ืื™ื– ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ืขื–ืจื™ืืค ื˜ ื™ื•ืž"ื˜ื•ืช'ื“ื™ื ืขืจ, ื“ืึธืก ื•ื" 
ื˜ืึธื•ื•ืข ืœื™ื™ื‘ืขืœ ื”ืึธื˜ ืขืจ ืคึผืจืึธืคึผื’ืขืฐืึทืจืคืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืื ื’ืขื˜ื”ืึธืŸ ื ื’ืจืื›ืข 
ืœืึทืกื˜ื™ืงืขื ืข ืงืึทืคึผืึธื˜ืข, ืฐืึธืก ืขืจ ื˜ืจืึธื’ื ื ืึธืจ ืฉื‘ืช ืื•ืŸ ื™ื•ื-ื˜ื•ื‘ ืื•ืŸ 
ืฐืึธืก ื˜ืข ืฉืžืขืกื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขืกื˜ื•ื•ืขื’ืขืŸ ื“ื•ืจืš ืื•ืŸ ื“ื•ืจืš ืžื™ื˜ ืจื•ื™ื—ืข ืคื™ืฉ. 

ืคืจื™ื”ืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ืึทืœืข ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืขื•ื–ืจื™ืืค ื“ืขืจ ืคื™ืœื™ืขืจ ืคืขืจืคืืกื˜ืขืŸ. 
ืคืจื™ื”ืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ืึทืœึถืข ืฐื•ืขื˜ ืขืจ ืงื•ืžืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืฉื•ื—? ื˜ืจื™ื™ืŸ, ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืื•ื•ืขืง- 
ืฉื˜ืขืœืขืŸ ืžื™ื˜'ืŸ ืžื ื™ื ืฆื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืฐืึทื ื“ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืื™ื™ื ืขื ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืœืขืฆื˜ืข 
ืขืจื˜ืขืจ ืื•ืŸ ื“ืจื•ื-ื–ื™ื™ื˜, ืื•ืŸ ืื™ื‘ืขืจื’ืขื“ืขืงื˜ ืžื™ื˜'ืŸ ื˜ืœื™ืช ืื™ื‘ืขืจืฅ 
ืงืึธืคึผ, ืฐื•ืขื˜ ืขืจ ืื•ื™ืกืฉื˜ืขื—ืŸ ื ืžืขืช-ืœืขืช ืื•ึนื™ืฃ ื“ื™ ืคื™ืก, ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืฆื•ื ืข- 
ื–ืขืฆื ื–ื™ืš ืืคื™ืœืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื ื•ื™ื™ืœืข. ืื•ืŸ ื“ืื•ื•ื ืขืŸ ื•ื•ืขื˜ ืขืจ ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ 
ืฉื˜ื™ืœ, ืงื™ื™ื ืขืจ ืฐืขื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ืื™ื”ื ืึท ืฐืึธืจื˜ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื”ืขืจืขืŸ. ืื•ืŸ ื•ื•ื™ื™ื ืขืŸ 
ืฐื•ืขื˜ ืขืจ 8 ืกืš, ืงื™ื™ื ืขืจ ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื‘ื™ื™ ืื™ื”ื ืงื™ื™ืŸ ื˜ืจืขืจ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื–ืขื—ืขืŸ. 


209 ืฉืœื•ื-ืขืœื™ื›ื 


ื ืึธืจ ื“ืึธืก ืฐื•ืขื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืขืจืฉื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ืขืจ ื ืึทื›ื˜. ื“ืขื ื’ืึทื ืฆืขืŸ ื˜ืึธื’ 

ื“ืึธืจืฃ ืขืจ ืึทืจื•ืžื’ืขื”ืŸ ืฆื• ื–ื™ื™ื ืข ืงื•ื ื™ื ืื•ืŸ ืงื•ื ื”'ื˜ืขืก, ื–ื™ื™ ืื™ื‘ืขืจื‘ืขื˜ืขืŸ, 
ื–ื™ืš ืžื•ื—? ื–ื™ื™ืŸ : 

--- ืึท ื ื•ื˜ ื™ื•ื-ื˜ื•ื‘ ! ื˜ืึธืžืขืจ ื”ืึธื‘ ืื™ืš ืึทื™ื™ืš ืื ื’ืขืจื™ื”ืจื˜ ืžื™ื˜ 
ื ืงืจื•ื ืฐืึธืจื˜, ื‘ืขื˜ ืื™ืš ืึตื™ื™ืšึฐ ืื™ื›ืขืจ ืื•ืŸ ื•ื•ื™ื ืฉ ืึทื™ื™ืš ืึท ื—ืชื™ืžื” 
ื˜ื•ื‘ื”. 

ืขื ื˜ืคืขืจื˜ ืžืขืŸ ืื™ื”ื: 2ื ื ืืชื, ืœืึธื– ื’ืึธื˜ ืžื•ื”? ื–ื™ื™ืŸ", -- 
ืื•ืŸ ืžืข ื‘ืขื˜ ืื™ื”ื ื–ื™ืฆืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืžืขืŸ ืื™ื– ืื™ื”ื ืžื›ื‘ืจ ืžื™ื˜ ืœืขืงืืš. 


= 
ื ืึธื ื˜ืข ื“ืขืจ ืžืœืžืจ. 


ื”ื™ื™ืกืขืŸ ื”ื™ื™ืกื˜ ืขืจ ื–ื™ืžืขืœ, ื ืึธืจ ืจื•ืคืขืŸ ืจื•ืคื˜ ืžืขืŸ ืื™ื”ื ,ื’ืึธื ื˜ืข". 
ืื•ืŸ ื’ืึธื ื˜ืข ืจื•ืคื˜ ืžืขืŸ ืื™ื”ื ืื™ื‘ืขืจ ื“ืขื, ืฐืึธืก ืขืจ ืื™ืŸ ืึท ื’ืึทื ื˜ืข, 
ืึท ื’ื–ืœืŸ. 

ื–ื™ืžืขืœ ืื™ืŸ ื˜ืึทืงื™ ืึท ื‘ืขืจื™ื”ืžื˜ืขืจ ืžืœืžื“, ืึท ื’ื ื•ื˜ืขืจ ื‘ืขืœ-ืชื "ืš 
ืื•ืŸ ืึท ืฉืขื ืขืจ ื‘ืขืœ-ืœืฉื•ืŸ-ืงื•ื“ืฉ ; ืงื™ื™ื ืขืจ ืฉืœืึธื’ื˜ ืึธื‘ืขืจ ื ื™ืฉื ืึทื–ืฑ 
ื–ื™ื™ื ืข ืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ื, ื•ื™ ื–ื™ืžืขืœื’ืึธื ื˜ืข. ืึทืœึฐืฅ ื—ื™ื™ืกื˜ ื’ืขืฉืœืึธื’ืขืŸ ! ื–ื™ืžืขืœ 
ื”ืจื 'ืขื˜, ืžืžื™ืช'ื˜, ืžืึทื›ื˜ ื‘ืจื•ื™ืŸ ืื•ืŸ ื‘ืœื•ื™, โ€ ืื•ืŸ ืฉืžื™ื™ืกืขืŸ ืฉืžื™ื™ืกื˜ 
ืขืจ --- ื–ืึธืœ ื–ื™ืš ื’ืึธื˜ ื“ืขืจื‘ืืจืขืžืขืŸ ! ืื•ืŸ ืžื—ืžืช ื–ื™ืžืขืœ ืื™ื– ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ืึท 
ื–ืงืŸ, ืึทืจื™ื‘ืขืจ ืฉืžื•ื ื™ื, ืฐืึธืก ื”ืึธื˜ ืืฑืกื’ืขื”ืึทืœื˜ืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืฉื•ื™ืก 
ืขื˜ืœื™ื›ืข ื“ื•ืจื•ืช, ืื™ืŸ ื ื™ืฉื˜ืึท ืื™ืŸ ืฉื˜ืขื“ื˜ืขืœ ื›ืžืขื˜ ืื™ื™ื ืขืจ, ืฐืึธืก ื–ืึธืœ 
ื–ื™ืš ืงืึธื ืขืŸ ื‘ืขืจื™ื”ืžืขืŸ, ืึทื– ืขืจ ืื™ื– ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ื ื’ืขืฉืžื™ืกืขื ืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ 
ื–ื™ืžืขืœื’ืึทื ื˜ืข... ื–ื™ืžืขืœืฆืึธื ื˜ืข -- ื“ืขื ืฉื‘ื— ืžื•ืŸ ืžืขืŸ ืื™ื”ื ื ืึธื›" 
ื–ืึธื’ืขืŸ --- ืœืขื’ื˜ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืงื™ื™ื ืขื ื ื™ืฉื˜: ,ื™ืึธ ืฉื•ืœื“ื™ื’, 
ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืฉื•ืœืจื™ื’, ื ื ื’ื™ื“'ืก ื ื™ื•ื ื’ืขืœ, ืึท ืงื‘ืฆื 'ืก ืึท ื™ื•ื ื’ืขืœ -- ืœืขื’ ื–ื™ืš, 
ื•ืขืœ ืื™ืš ื“ื™ืจ ืืจื™ื™ื ืฆื™ืžื‘ืœืขืŸ?. 

ืึทืจื™ื™ื ืฆื™ืžื‘ืœืขืŸ ืื™ื– ื‘ื™ื™ ืื™ื”ื ื ืฉืžืขืง ื˜ืึทื‘ืขืงืข. ืก'ืื™ื– ื’ืข- 
ื•ื•ืขืŸ ืฆื™ื™ื˜ืขืŸ, ืึทื– ื’ืึธื ื˜ืข ืื™ื– ื ืึธืš ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ื™ื•ื ื’ืขืจ, ืคืœืขื’ื˜ ืขืจ ื‘ืจืขื›ืขืŸ 
ื‘ื™ื™ื ืขืจ, ืžืึทื›ืขืŸ ืื™ื“ื™ืฉืข ืงื™ื ื“ืขืจ ืคืึทืจ ืงืึทืœื™ืงืขืก. ื ื•ื•ืขืจื˜ืขืœืข -- 
ื’ืึธื ื˜ืข ? ื ืื™ื“ ื ื ื‘ืจ, ืึท ื”ื•ื™ื›ืขืจ ืื•ืŸ ืึท ื‘ื™ื™ื ืขืจื“ื™ื ืขืจ. ืจื•ื™ื›ืขืจื˜ 
ื ื™ืฉื˜, ืฉืžืขืงื˜ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ื˜ืื‘ืขืงืข, ื˜ืจื™ื ืงื˜ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ืจืึธื ืคืขืŸ, 
ืงื•ืงื˜ ืึถื”ืŸ ื ื‘ืจื™ืœ, ื”ืึธื˜ ื ืึธืš ื›ืžืขื˜ ืึทืœืข ืฆื™ื™ื”ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืžื•ื™ืœ?ืœ. ืึท ื‘ืขืจ- 
ื“ืข? ืื™ื– ื‘ื™ื™ ืื™ื”ื ื ืฉื™ื˜ืขืจืก, ื ืขืฆืขื”ืœื˜ืข ื”ืึธืจ, ื•ื•ื™ื™ืก ืฐื™ ื–ื™ืœื‘ืขืจ. 
ื“ื™ ื”ื•ื™ื˜ ื˜ืจื•ืงืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ ื’ืœืึทื ืฆื™ื’, ื’ื ืขืœ ืฐื™ ืคึผืึทืจืžืขื˜, ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื‘ืึทืงืขืŸ 

203 


04 ืฉืœื•ื-ืขืœื•ื›ื 
ืฉื˜ืขืงืขืŸ ืึทืจื•ื™ื ืฆื•ื•ื™ื™ ื‘ื™ื™ื ืขืจ. ืื•ื™ืค'ืŸ ืฉื˜ืขืจืŸ ืžื•ืจื'ื“ื™ื’ืข ืกื ื™ื™ื˜ืฉืขืŸ, 
ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื™ ื”ืขื ื“ ืึธื“ืขืจืขืŸ, ืื•ึนืŸ ื˜ ืงื•ืœ ืื™ื– ื‘ื™ื™ ืื™ื—ื ืคื•ึนืŸ ืึท ืœืขืžืคึผืขืจื˜. 
ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืœืขื‘ืขื“ื™ื’ืขืจ ืžืขื ืฉ ื”ืึธื˜ ื ืึธืš ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื–ื•ื›ื” ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ืขื ื“ืึธ- 
ื–ื™ื ืขืŸ ืžื•ืจื'ื“ื™ื’ืขืŸ ืคึผื ื™ื ืฆื• ื–ืขื”ืŸ ื ืฉืžื™ื™ื›ืข?. ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืื™ื™ื’ืขืŸ ื•ื•ื™ื™ื‘ 
ืžื™ืื˜ ื–ื™ื™ื ืข ืื™ื™ื ืขื ืข ืงื™ื ื“ืขืจ ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ืื™ื”ื ืงื™ื™ื ืžืึธืœ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ื’ื•ื˜ 
ืฐื•ืึธืจื˜ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื’ืขื”ืขืจื˜. ื ื™ืฉื˜ืึธ ืกื™ื™ืŸ ืžืขื—ืจ ืžื•ืจื'ื“ื™ื ืข ื–ืึทืš ืคืึทืจ 
ืึธืคึผืฆื•ืฉืจืขืงืขืŸ ืงืœื™ื™ื ืข ืงื™ื ื“ืขืจ, ืฐื™ : ,ืึธื˜ ื’ืขื‘ ืื™ืš ื“ื™ืš ืึถืคึผ ืฆื• ื–ื™ืžืขืค- 
ื’ืึทื ื˜ืข ืื™ืŸ ื—ื“ืจ ื˜ืจื™ื™ืŸ !1" ,ื ืึทื ื˜ืขื’ื–ืœืŸ? -- ืึทื–ืฑ ืจื•ืคื˜ ืžืขืŸ ืื™ื”ื 
ืื™ืŸ ืฉื˜ืืจื˜, โ€ 

ื ืึธืจ ืื™ื™ืŸ ื˜ืึธื’ ืื™ืŸ ื™ืึธื”ึถืจ ืื™ื– ืคื˜ืจื—ืฉืŸ, ืฐืึธืก ื’ืึทื ื˜ืข ื•ื•ืขืจื“ ื•ื•ื™ื™ืš 
ื•ื•ื™ ืฐืึทื›ืก. ื“ื™ ืžื•ืจื'ื“ื™ื ืข ืงื ื™ื™ื˜ืฉืขืŸ ืคื•ื 'ื ืฉื˜ืขืจืŸ ื•ื•ืขืจืขืŸ ืขื˜ืฐืึธืก 
ืื•ื™ืกื’ืขื’ืœืขื˜, ื“ืึธืก ื˜ืจื•ื™ืขืจื™ื’ืข ื’ืœืึทื ืฆืขื ื“ื™ื’-ื’ืขืœ-ืคึผืึทืจืžืขื˜ืขื ืข ืคึผื ื™ื. 
ื•ื•ืขืจื“ ืขื˜ืฐืึธืก ืคืขืจืจื•ื™ื˜ืขืœื˜ ืื•ืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื™ ืื™ื™ื‘ื™ื’ ืฉืžืจืขื ื’ืข ืคื•ืคึผืขืŸ 
ื‘ืขื•ื•ื™ื™ื–ื ื–ื™ืš ื•ื™ ื ืžื™ืŸ ื˜ืจื•ื™ืขืจื™ื’ ืฉืžื™ื™ื›ืขืœืข, ื•ื™ ื‘ื™ื™ ื ืงืœื™ื™ืŸ ืงื™ื ื“, 
ื‘ืขืช ืขืก ืงืœื•ื™ื‘ื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืึธื ื”ื•ื™ื‘ืขืŸ ืฆื• ื•ื•ื™ื™ื ืขืŸ. ื“ืึธืก ืื™ื– ื“ืขืจ ื˜ืึธื’ ืคื•ืŸ 
ืขืจื‘ ื™ื•ื"ื›ืคึผื•ืจ. | 

ื’ืขืงื•ืžืขืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ืžืจื—ืฅ ืื™ื™ืŸ ืืฑืกื ืขืฆืฐืึทื’ืขื ืขืจ ืื•ืŸ ืึตื™ื™ืŸ ืึธืคึผื ืข- 
ื•ืึทืฉืขื ืขืจ, ืฆืขืงืขืžื˜ ื“ื™ ื’ืขืฆืขื”ืœื˜ืข ื–ื™ืœื‘ืขืจื ืข ื”ืึธืจ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืืœืข ื–ื™ื™ื˜ืขืŸ 
ืื•ืŸ ืึธื ื’ืขื˜ื”ืึธืŸ ื“ื™ ื™ื•ื-ื˜ื•ื‘'ื“ื™ื’ืข ืฆืขื”ืืงื˜ืข ื ืึธืจ ืึทื˜ืœืึทืกืขื ืข ืงืึทืคึผืึธื˜ืข 
ืื•ืŸ ื“ืึธืก ืคึผืœื™ื•ืฉืขื ืข ื”ื™ื˜ืขืœ ืžื™ื˜'ืŸ ืžื•ืจื'ื“ื™ื’ ื‘ืจื™ื™ื˜ืขืŸ ื“ืขื ื™ืง, ื’ืขื”ื˜ 
ืขืจ ืื•ื, ืฉืึทืจืขื ื“ื™ื’ ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ ืคึผืึทื ื˜ืึธืคืขืœ, ืคื•ืŸ ืฉื˜ื•ื‘ ืฆื• ืฉื˜ื•ื‘, ืฆื• 
ืึทืœืข ื–ื™ื™ื ืข ื‘ืขืœื™-ื‘ืชื™ื, ืฐืึธืก ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืึทืœืข ืึทืžืึธืœ ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ื ืข ืชืœืžื™ืจื™ื, 
ื–ื™ื™ ืื™ื‘ืขืจื‘ืขื˜ืขืŸ, ื–ื™ืš ืžื•ื—? ื–ื™ื™ืŸ : 

--- ื ื’ื•ื˜ ื™ื•ื-ื˜ื•ื‘ ! ื˜ืึธืžืขืจ ื”ืึธื‘ ืื™ืš ืื™ื™ืš ืึธื ื’ืขืจื™ื”ืงืจื˜ ืžื™ื˜ 
ืึท ืงืจื•ื ืฐืึธืจื˜, ื‘ืขื˜ ืื™ืš ืื™ื™ืš ืื™ื‘ืขืจ ืื•ืŸ ื•ื•ื™ื ืฉ ืื™ื™ืš ื ื”ืชื™ืžื” 
ื˜ื•ื‘ื”. 

ืขื ื˜ืคืขืจื˜ ืžืขืŸ ืื™ื”ื: ,ื ื ืืชื, ืœืึธื– ื’ืึธื˜ ืžื•ื—? ื–ื™ื™ืŸ". +-=' 
ืžืข ื‘ืขื˜ ืื™ื”ื ื–ื™ืฆืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืžืขืŸ ืื™ื– ืื™ื”ื ืžื›ื‘ื“ ืžื™ื˜ ืœืขืงืืš, 


1 
ื™"ื  ืžืฉื—-ื•ื•ืขืœื•ื•ืขืœ ื‘ืขืœ-ืขื’ืœื—. 


ื“ืขืจ ืฐืึธืก ืžื™ื™ื ื˜, ืื– ื ื‘ืขืœื™ืขื’ืœื— ืื™ื– ื ืžืขื ืฉ, ืฐืึธืก ืงื™ื™ื’ืขืจ 
ืื™ื– ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืžื—ื•ื™ื‘ ืฆื• ืœื™ื™ื“ืขืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ืื™ื”ื ื’ืœื•ืช, ื”ืึธื˜ ื ื˜ืขื•ืช. 

ืจื‘ ืžืฉื”"ื•ื•ืขืœื•ื•ืข? ื‘ืขืœ-ืขื’ืœืช ืื™ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื’ืœื™ื™ืš ืฆื• ืึทืœืข ืึทื ื“ืขืจืข 
ื‘ืขืœื™-ืขื ืœื•ืช, ื“ืขืจ ื ืึธืžืขืŸ ืึทืœื•ื•ืŸ ,ืจื‘ ืžืฉื—-ื•ื•ืขืœื•ื•ืข?ืœ? --- ื•ืื ื˜ 
ืฉื•ึนื™ืŸ ื’ืขื ื•ื’. ืื•ืŸ ื‘ืกืš ื”ื›ืœ ืื™ืŸ ืขืจ ื’ืึทืจ ื ืื™ืจ ื ื‘ืขืœ-ื—ื‘ื™ืช, ืื•ืŸ 
8 ืื™ืจ ืฐืึธืก ื“ืื•ื•ืขื ื˜, ืื•ืŸ ื ืื™ื“ ืฐืึธืก ืงื•ืงื˜ ืืจื™ื™ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื“ืจื™ ืงืœื™ื™ื ืข 
ืื•ืชื•ื•ืช, ืื•ืŸ ืึท ืื™ื“ ืฐืึธืก ืคืขืจืฉื˜ืขื”ื˜ ืึท ืžืกื•ืง ื—ื•ืžืฉ ืžื™ื˜ ืจืฉื™ื™ 
ืื•ืŸ ืงืึธืŸ ื˜ืจืขืคืขืŸ ื ืฉื˜ื™ืกืข? , ื‘ืืจ ืžื™ื ื—ื™ื™ื". 

ืงื•ืžื˜ ืขืจ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืื™ื™ืŸ ืื›ืกื ื™ื—, ืึธื“ืขืจ ืื™ืŸ ื ืงืจืขื˜ืฉืžืข, ืื•ืŸ 
ืก'ืื™ื– ื“ืึธ ืึท ืžื ื™ืŸ, ื‘ื™ื ื“ื˜ ืขืจ ืึทืจื•ื ื“ื™ ืคึผืขืจืกืžืึธืœืขื•ื•ืขื˜ืข ื—ืœืืžื™ื“ืข 
ืžื™ื ืึท ืจื•ื™ื˜ืขืจ ืคืึทื˜ืฉื™ื™ืœืข, ืฉื˜ืขืœื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืึทืฐืขืง ืžื™ื˜'ืŸ ืคึผื ื™ื ืฆืŸ ื“ืขืจ 
ืฐืื ื“, ื“ืึทืฐืขื ื˜ ืึดืึผ ืึท ืžื ื—ื”'ืœืข, ืืคื™ืงืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื ื”ื™ื™ื–ืขืจื™ื’ ืคืขืจื“ื•ื˜- 
ืคึผืขืŸ ืงื•ืœ ืื•ืŸ ืึท ื‘ื™ืžืขืœ ืื•ื ื˜ืขืจ ื“ืขืจ ื ืึธื–, ื ืึธืจ ืžื™ื˜ ืืœืข ื“ืจื™ื™ืจืœืขืš, 
ืžืขืฉื” ื—ื–ืŸ. | 

ื‘ื˜ื‘ืข ืื™ื– ืจื‘ ืžืฉื”ื•ื•ืขืœื•ืขืœ ื ืื™ืš ื“ื•ืงื ืฉ ืคืจื™ื™ืœื™ื›ืขืจ ืื•ืŸ 
ืึท ืฉื˜ื™ืก ืฐืขืจื˜ืขืœื–ืึธื’ืขืจ, ืื•ืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื ืฉืžื—ื” -- ื ื”ื•ืœื™ืืง, ื ื ืื ื™ 
ืฆืขืจ ?ืฅ, ืึท ืคืขืจืฉืœืขืคึผื˜ืข ืงืจืขื ื˜. ืึท ืคึผื ื™ื ืื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ื™ ืื™ื”ื ื•ื™ ืคื•ืŸ 
ืžืขื˜ืึทืœ -- ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืžืขืฉ, ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื‘ืœืขืš, ื’ืึธืจ ื’ืœืึทื ืฆืขื ื“ื™ื’-ืจื•ื™ื˜ืœื™ืš, 
ืื•ืŸ ืึท ื ืึธื– ื›ืžื• ื•ื™ ื ืฆืขืคึผืœืขืฆื˜ืขืฅ ืื“ืขืจ ื ืฆืขืฉืœืึทื ืขื ืข, ืฐืึธืกื˜ ื“ืขืšืจ- 
ืคึฟืึทืจ ืงื•ืžื˜-ืื•ื™ื˜ ื‘ื™ื™ ืื™ื”ื ื“ืึธืก ืคืฉื•ืŸ ื ื‘ื™ืกืขืœืข ื“ืึธืกื™ื’, ืคืื ืคื˜- 
ื•ื•ืึทื˜ืข. ื‘ืึธืจื“ ืื•ืŸ ืคึผืื•ืช ื˜ืจืึธื’ื˜ ืขืจ, ื•ื™ ืึท ื’ื•ื˜ืขืจ ืื™ื“, 8 ื—ืœื- 
ืกื™ื“ืข ื˜ ืœื™ืฉื•ืขื ื˜ืขื ืข, ื ืึธืจ ื ืคืึทื ื’ืข ื‘ื™ื– ื“ืขืจ ืขืจื“, ืžื™ื˜ ื ื‘ื™ื™ื˜ืฉ 
ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขืกื˜ื•ื•ืขื’ืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ื”ืขื ื“ ื ืœืึทื ื’ืข, ืฉื˜ื™ื•ื•ืข? --- ื’ื•ื˜ ืึธื ื’ืข- 

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200 ืฉืœื•ื-ืขืœื™ื›ื 


ืฉืžื™ืจื˜ืข ืžื™ื˜ ืกืžืึธืœืข, ืฐื•ื™ ื ื‘ืข?-ืขื’ืœื” ืฉื˜ืขื”ื˜ ืึถืŸ, ืื•ืŸ ืึตื™ื™ืŸ ืขื–ื•ืช- 
ืคึผื ื™ื ืื™ื– ืขืจ, ื•ื™ ื“ืจื™ื™ืกื™ื’ ื‘ืขืœื™-ืขื’ืœื•ืช ืื™ื ืื™ื™ื ืขื. 

| ืœืึธื– ืขืžื™ืฆืขืจ ื–ื™ืš ืึทื™ื™ื ืฉื˜ืขืœืขืŸ ืื™ื”ื ื–ืึธื’ืขืŸ ื’ืœืึทื˜ ,ืžืฉื—- 
ื•ื•ืขืœืฐืขืœ", ื ื™ืฉื˜ ,ืจื‘ ืžืฉื”-ื•ื™ืขืœื•ื•ืข??, ืื™ื– ื—ื™ื•ืช ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื–ื™ื›ืขืจ ! 

ืึธื“ืขืจ, ืึทืฉื˜ืฒื’ืขืจ, ื–ื™ื™ื˜ ืึท ื‘ืจื™ื—, ืื•ื™ื‘ ืื™ื”ืจ ื–ืขื ื˜ ืึท ื“ืึธืจ- 
ื˜ื™ื’ืขืจ ื‘ืขืœ-ื—ื‘ื™ืช, ืื•ืŸ ืคึผืจื•ื‘ื˜ ืึทื•ืขืงื–ืขืฆืขืŸ ื–ื™ืš ื‘ื™ื™ ื“ืขืจ ื‘ืึทื”ืŸ, 
ืœืžืฉืœ, ืื•ื™ืฃ ืึตื™ื™ืŸ ืึทื ื“ืขืจ ื‘ืขืœ-ืขื ืœื”, ื‘ืขืช ืขืจ, ืจื‘ ืžืฉื”ื™ื•ืขืœื•ื•ืขืœ, 
ืื™ื– ื“ืึธ ืื•ืŸ ืงื•ืงื˜-ืึทืจืฑืก ืื•ื™ืฃ ืคึผืึทืจืฉืฑื ืขืŸ, ืื™ื– ื“ืขืžืึธืœื˜ ืึทื– ืึถืš 
ืื•ืŸ ื•ื•ืขื” ืฆื• ืื™ื™ืš ืื•ืŸ ืขื• ื™ืขื ืขื ื‘ืขืœ-ืขื’ืœื” ืื•ืŸ ืฆื• ื–ื™ื™ื ืข ืกื•ื˜ื™ื. 
ืขืจ ืฐืขื˜ ืื™ื™ืš ื ืื›ืขืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ื“ืขืจ ื‘ืœืึธื˜ืข ื’ืœื™ื™ืš. ืื•ืŸ ืื™ื”ืจ ื•ื•ืขื 
ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ืคืขืจื–ืึทื’ืขืŸ ืึท ืฆืขื”ื ื˜ืขืŸ, ืึทื– ืื™ื”ืจ ืงื•ืžื˜ ืžื™ื˜ ื“ืขืจ ื‘ืึทื”ืŸ, ื–ืึธืœื˜ 
ืื™ื”ืจ ืื™ื™ืš ืงื•ื“ื ื’ื•ื˜ ืึทืจื•ืžื–ืขื”ืขืŸ, ืฆื™ ืื™ื– ื ื™ืฉื˜ืึท ืขืจื’ื™ืฅ ืจื‘ ืžืฉื”- 
ื•ื•ืขืœืฐืขืœ ืžื™ื˜ ื–ื™ื™ื ืข ืกื•ืกื™ื, 

ืึธื“ืขืจ ืคึผืจื•ื‘ื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืฉืึทืคืขืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ืื™ื”ื, ื•ื™ ืžืข ืฉืึทืคื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืžื™ื˜ 
ื ื‘ืขืค-ืขื’ืœื—, ืื•ืŸ ื–ืึธื’ื˜ ืื™ื”ื ื ื™ืฉื˜: ;ื–ื™ื™ื˜ ื–ืฉืข ืžื•ื—?, ืจื‘ ืžืฉื”- 
ืฐืขืคื•ื•ืข?ืœ!? ืึธื“ืขืจ: ื’ืื™ื”ืจ ืฐืขื˜ ืึทื™ื™ืš ืกื˜ืจื™ื— ื–ื™ื™ืŸ, ืจื‘ ืžืฉื”" 
ื•ื•ืขืœื•ื•ืขืœ?... ืื•ืŸ ื”ืึธื˜ ืื™ื”ืจ ื–ื™ืš ืึทืจื•ื™ืคื ืขื–ืขืฆื˜ ื‘ื™ื™ ืื™ื”ื ืื™ืŸ 
ืฐืึธื’ืขืŸ, ื‘ืขื“ืึทืจืคื˜ ืื™ื”ืจ ื’ืขื“ืขื ืงืขืŸ, ืึทื– ืื™ื—ืจ ื–ื™ืฆื˜ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื‘ื™ื™ ืึทื‘ื™ 
ื•ื•ืขืžืขืŸ, ื ืึธืจ ื‘ื™ื™ ืจื‘ ืžืฉื”ื•ืขืœื•ื•ืœืขืŸ, ืื•ืŸ ืึทื– ืจื‘ ืžืฉื”-ื•ื•ืขืœื•ื•ืขืœ 
ืฐื•ืขื˜ ืึทื™ื™ืš ื”ื™ื™ืกืขืŸ ืงืจื™ื›ืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื‘ื•ื™ื“, ืฐืขื˜ ืื™ื”ืจ ืงืจื™ื›ืขืŸ, ืื•ืŸ ืึทื– 
ืขืจ ืฐืขื˜ ืื™ื™ืš ื—ื™ื™ืกืขืŸ ืึทืฐืขืงื–ืขืฆืขืŸ ื–ื™ืš ืคึผืึธืจื™ื˜ืฉ, ืึทืงืขื’ืขืŸ, ื•ื•ืขื˜ 
ืื™ื”ืจ ื–ื™ืฆืขืŸ, ืื•ืŸ ืื– ืขืจ ืฐื•ืขื˜ ืึตื™ื™ืš ื”ื™ื™ืกืขืŸ ื’ืขื”ืŸ ืึทืจืฑืฃืึท-ื‘ืึทืจื’ 
ืžื—ื™ืœื” ืฆื•ื–ืคื•ืก, ืฐืขื˜ ืื™ื”ืจ ื’ืขื—ืŸ. ืงื™ื™ืŸ ื“ืขื•ืช, ื•ื•ืขืžืขืŸ ืขืจ ื–ืึธืœ 
ื ืขืžืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืฐืึธื’ืขืŸ ืึทืจืฒื™ืŸ, ืฐื•ืขื˜ ืื™ื”ืจ ืื™ื”ื ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื–ืึธื’ืขืŸ. ืื•ืŸ ืึทื– 
ืื™ื”ืจ ื•ืฐื•ืขื˜ ืื™ื”ื ื–ืึธื’ืขืŸ, ืฐื•ืขื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืึทื™ื™ืš ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื”ืขืœืคืขืŸ. ืื™ื”ืจ ืฐืขื˜ 
ื ืึธืš ื•ื•ืขืจืขืŸ ืึธืคึผื ืขื–ื™ื“ืขืœื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ืงืึธืคึผ ื‘ื™ื– ืคื™ืก ืื•ืŸ ืฐื•ืขื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื’ืขื”ืจืขืŸ, 
ืึทื– ืขืจ ืฐื•ืขื˜ ืึทื™ื™ืš ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืืจื•ื™ืกื–ืขืฆืขืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ืฐืึธื’ืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืžื™ื˜ืขืŸ ืฐืขื’. 

ืฉื•ืœื“ื™ื’ ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขื ืื™ื– ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืจื‘ ืžืฉื”-ื•ืขืœื•ื•ืขืœ, ื ืึธืจ ื˜ืึทืงื™ 
ื“ื™ ืฉืžืึธื“ื˜ ื’ื•ืคื. ื•ื™ ืึทื–ืฑ ืžืข ืคืขืจื•ื•ื™ืขื ื˜ ืึท ืžืขื ืฉืขืŸ, ืึทื–ืฑ ืคื™ื”ืจื˜ 
ืขืจ ื–ื™ืš ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื™ ืฉื˜ืึธืจื˜ ื”ืึธื˜ ื’ืขืžืึทื›ื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ืื™ื”ื ืึท ื’ืึทื ืฆืขืŸ ื™ืฉ, 


ืžืขืŸ ืื™ื• ื–ื™ืš ืžื•ื”ืœ 201 


ื˜ืจืึทื ื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืืจื•ื ืžื™ื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืชื•ืจื—, ื‘ืขืจื™ื”ืžื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืžื™ื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืคืจื•ืž- 
ืงื™ื™ื˜ ืื•ืŸ ืื™ื“ื™ืฉืงื™ื™ื˜, ืžื™ื™ื ื˜ ืขืจ, ืึทืŸ ืœืขืงื™ืฉ ืื™ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืคืขื˜ืขืจ, ืื•ืŸ 
ืงืจื™ื›ื˜ ืึทืœืขืžืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืค'ืŸ ืงืึธืคึผ ืื•ืŸ ื–ื™ื“ืขืœื˜ ืื™ื˜ืœื™ื›ืขืŸ ื‘ืขื–ื•ื ื“ืขืจ, ืžืื›ื˜ 
ืื™ื”ื ืžื™ื˜ ื“ืขืจ ื‘ืœืึธื˜ืข ื ืœื™ื™ืš. 

-- ืึท ืžื›ื” ืืฉืจ ืœื ื›ืชื•ื‘ื” ื‘ืชื•ืจื”! -- ืจื•ืคื˜ ืžืขืŸ ืื™ื”ื 
ืื™ืŸ ืฉื˜ืึธื“ื˜ ืื•ืŸ ืžืข ื”ื™ื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืคืึทืจ ืื™ื”ื, ืฐื™ ืคืืจ ืคื™ื™ืขืจ. ืžื™ื˜ 
ืื™ื™ืŸ ืื™ื‘ืขืจื™ื’ ืฐืึธืจื˜ ืื™ืŸ ืžืขืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ืื™ื”ื ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื–ื™ื›ืขืจ. ืกื›ื ืช- 
ื ืคืฉื•ืช ! 

ื ืึธืจ ืื™ื™ืŸ ื˜ืึธื’ ืื™ืŸ ื™ืึธื”ืจ ืื™ื– ืคืืจื”ืึทืŸ ืื–ืขืœื ืขืจ, --- ื“ืึธืก ืื™ื– 
ื“ืขืจ ื˜ืึธื’ ืคื•ืŸ ืขืจื‘ ื™ื•ื-ื›ืคึผื•ืจ --- ืฐืึธืก ื“ืขืžืึธืœื˜ ืงืึธื ื˜ ืื™ื”ืจ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ 
ื–ื™ื›ืขืจ, ืึทื– ืขืจ ืฐื•ืขื˜ ืึตื™ื™ืš ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื–ืึทื˜ืฉืขืคึผืขืŸ,. ืื“ืจื‘ื”, ืขืจ ืงื•ืžื˜ ืฆื• 
ืื™ื™ืš ื ื™ื•ื-ื˜ื•ื‘/ื“ื™ื’ืขืจ ืžื™ื˜ ืึท ืงื ืืงืขื ื“ื™ื’ืขืจ ืœื™ื•ืกื˜ืจื™ื ืขื ืขืจ ืงื" 
ืคึผืึธื˜ืข ืื•ืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ืึท ื ื™ื™ืขื ืงืึทืฉืงืขื˜ ืื•ื™ืค'ืŸ ืงืึธืคึผ. ืคื•ื 'ื ื•ื™ื™ืกืขืŸ 
ื”ืขืžื“ ืงื•ืงื˜-ืึทืจืฑืก ื ืžืึธื“ื ืขืจ ื‘ืจื™ื™ื˜ืขืจ ืงืึธืœื ืขืจ, ืึธืคึผื ืขืœืขื’ื˜ ืžื™ื 
ืฆื•ื•ื™ื™ ืฉืคึผื™ืฆืขื›ื™ื’ืข ืขืงืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืค'ืŸ ื”ืึทืœื–,. ืื•ื™ืฃ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ืœืขื›ืขืŸ-ืžืขืฉืขืŸ 
ืคึผื ื™ื ืื™ื– ืืฑื™ืกื’ืขื ืึทืกืขืŸ ื“ืึธืก ืฐืึธืจื˜ , ื™ื•ื-ื˜ื•ื‘", ืื•ืŸ ืึทืœื™ื™ืŸ ืงื•ืžื˜ ืขืจ 
ืึทืจื™ื™ืŸ ืฆื• ืื™ื˜ืœื™ื›ืขืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ื ื‘ืจื™ื™ื˜ืขืŸ ,ื ื•ื˜ ื™ื•ื-ื˜ื•ื‘", ืื™ื‘ืขืจื‘ืขื˜ืขืŸ, 
ื–ื™ืš ืžื•ื—? ื–ื™ื™ืŸ : 

-- ืึท ื’ื•ื˜ ื™ื•ืž-ื˜ื•ื‘! ื˜ืึธืžืขืจ ื”ืึธื‘ ืื™ืš ืื™ื™ืš ืึธื ื’ืขืจื™ื—ืจื˜ 
ืžื™ื˜ ืึท ืงืจื•ื ืฐืึธืจื˜, ื‘ืขื˜ ืื™ืš ืื™ื™ืš ืื™ื‘ืขืจ ืื•ืŸ ื•ื•ื™ื ืฉ ืื™ื™ืš ื 
ื—ืชื™ืžื” ืžื•ื‘ื”. 

ืขื ื˜ืคืขืจื˜ ืžืขืŸ ืื™ื—ื: ,ื ื ืืชื, ืœืึธืŸ ื ืึธื˜ ืžื•ื—? ื•ื™ื™ืŸ",. -- 
ืื•ืŸ ืžืข ื‘ืขื ืื™ื”ื ื–ื™ืฆืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืžืขืŸ ืื™ื– ืื™ื—ื ืžื›ื‘ื“ ืžื™ื˜ ืœืขืงืืš, 


ื”. 
ืกืึทื ืข ื“ืขืจ ืฐืึทืกืขืจ-ืคึฟื™ื”ืจืขืจ. 


-- ื“ื™ ื ืึทื ืฆืข ืฉื˜ืึธื“ื˜ ืื™ื– ื‘ื™ื™ ืžื™ืจ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ื”ืขื ื“, ื›ื—ื•ืžืจ ื‘ื™ืฃ 
ื”ื™ื•ืฆืจ -- ื•ื™ ืึท ืคืขืจื“ืข? ืื™ืŸ ืึท ืฐืึธื ืขืŸ. ื‘ืจืฆื•ืชื• ืžืงืฆืจ ื•ื›ืจืฆื•ืชื• 
ืžืคืฆืจ --- ืฐื•ื™ืœ ืขืจ --- ื’ืขื—ื˜, ื•ื•ื™ืœ ืขืจ --- ืฉื˜ืขื”ื˜ ืขืจ. ื ืจื•ื— ื–ื™ 
ืื™ืŸ ื˜ืึทื˜ืขืŸ ืึทืจื™ื™ืŸ, ื“ื™ ื‘ืขืœื™-ื‘ืชื™ื. ื•ื•ื™ืœืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ ืฐืึทืกืขืจ, ื–ืึธืœืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ 
ืฆื•ื“ืจืขื›ื˜ ืžืึทื›ืขืŸ ื“ื™ ื’ืจืขื‘ืœื™. ืึทื ึดื™ื˜ --- ื–ืึธืœืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ ื˜ืจื™ื ืงืขืŸ ืงืจื—ืช 
ื™ื˜ ืจื‘ื™ืขื™ืช ืื•ืŸ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ื˜ืขื ื•ืช ืฆื• ืกืึทื ืข ื“ืขื ื•ื•ืืกืขืจ- 
ืคื™ื”ืจืขืจ : ,ืจื‘ ืคืึทื ืข, ืฐืึทืกืขืจ ! ืจื‘ ืกืึทื ืข, ื•ืึทืกืขืจ !" 

ืึทื–ืฑ ื˜ืขื ื”'ื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืื•ื™ืก ืกืึทื ืข ื“ืขืจ ืฐืึทืกืขืจืคื™ื”ืจืขืจ ืžื™ื˜ ื–ื™ืš 
ืึทืœื™ื™ืŸ, ื–ื™ืฆืขื ื“ื™ื’ ืื•ื™ืค'ืŸ ืœืขื“ื™ื’ืขืŸ ืคืขืกืขืœ, ืื•ืŸ ืื•ื ื˜ืขืจืฉืžื™ื™ืกืขื ื“ื™ื’ 
ื“ืึธืก ืคืขืจื“ืขืง, ืงืจื™ืžื˜ ืขืจ ืื™ื‘ืขืจ ื“ื™ ื‘ืขืœ-ื”ื‘ื™ืช'ื˜ืขืก, ื•ื™ ื–ื™ื™ ืฉื˜ืขื”ืขืŸ 
ื‘ื™ื™ ื“ืขืจ ืฉื•ื•ืขืœ ืคื•ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืขืจืข ื”ื™ื™ื–ืขืจ ืื•ืŸ ืฉืœืขืคึผืขืŸ ืื™ื”ื ื™ืขื“ืข ืฆื• 
ื–ื™ืš; ,ืจื‘ ืกืึทื ืข, ืฐืึทืกืขืจ! ืจื‘ ืกืึทื ืข, ืฐืึทืกืขืจ !" 

ืกืึทื ืข ืขื ื˜ืคืขืจื˜ ื–ื™ื™ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื“ืึธืก ืึทื ื“ืขืจืข ืฐื•ืึธืจื˜. ืกืึทื ืข ืื™ 
ื‘ื›ืœ? ืึท ืื™ื“ ืึท ืฉื•ื•ื™ื™ื ืขืจ. ืจืขื“ืขืŸ ืจืขื“ื˜ ืขืจ ื ืึธืจ ืึธื“ืขืจ ืžื™ื˜'ืŸ ืคืขืจื™ื™ 
ื“ืขืœ, ืึธื“ืขืจ ืžื™ื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืึทืœื™ืŸ. ื–ื™ืฆืขื ื“ื™ื’ ืื•ื™ืคืฅ ืคืขืกืข?, ื–ืึธื ื˜ ืขืจ 
ืชื”ืœื™ื ืึท ืงืึทืคึผื™ื˜ืข? ื ืึธืš ืึท ืงืึทืคึผื™ื˜ืข?, ืื•ืŸ ืึทื– ืขืจ ืงื•ืžื˜ ืฆื•ื•ื™ืฉืขืŸ 
ืžืขื ืฉืขืŸ, ืฉื•ื•ื™ื™ื’ื˜ ืขืจ. ืื™ื”ืจ ืงืึธื ื˜ ืื™ื”ื ื–ื™ื“ืœืขืŸ, ืื™ื”ืจ ืงืึธื ื˜ 
ืื™ื”ื ื—ื ืคื”'ืขื ืขืŸ -- ืคืึทืจ ืื™ื”ื ืื™ื– ืึทืœึฐืฅ ืื™ื™ื ืก.. ื”ืึธื˜ ืขืจ ื•ืืกืขืจ 
ืื™ืŸ ืงืขืกืขืœ --- ืฐืขื˜ ืขืจ ืื™ื™ืš ืึธื ื’ื™ืกืขืŸ ืึท ืคื•ืœืข ื“ื™ื™ื–ืฉืข. ื”ืึธื˜ ืขืจ 
ื ื™ืฉื˜ --- ืžืขื ื˜ ืื™ื”ืจ ืจืขื“ืขืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื”ื™ื™ื ื˜ ื‘ื™ื– ืžืึธืจื ืขืŸ. ื—ืึทืคึผืขืŸ ื–ื™ืš, 
ืœื•ื™ืคืขืŸ, ืžืงืจื™ื‘ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืฆื•ืœื™ืขื‘ ืึทื™ื™ืšึฐ ื–ื™ืš ืื•ืŸ ื“ืึธืก ืคืขืจื“ืข? --- ื“ืึธืก 
ืื™ื– ืขืจ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืžื—ื•ื™ื‘. 

ื“ืขืจืคืึทืจ ืึธื‘ืขืจ ืึทื– ืขืก ืงื•ืžื˜ ืคึผืจื™ื™ื˜ืึธื’, ืื™ื– ื“ื™ ืฆื•ื•ื™ื™ ื ื™ืœื“ืขืŸ 
ืžื™ื˜'ืŸ ืงื•ื™ืœืขื˜ืฉ -- ื“ืึธืก ืžื•ื– ื–ื™ื™ืŸ, ืึทื ื™ื˜ -- ืฐืขื˜ ืขืจ ื‘ืœื™ื™ื‘ืขืŸ 

208 


ื˜ืขืŸ ืื•ื– ื–ื™ืš ืžื•ื—ืœ 00 


ืฉื˜ืขื”ืŸ ื’ืขื‘ืขืŸ ืื™ืขืจ ืฉื˜ื•ื‘, ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืจื™ื”ืจืขืŸ ื–ื™ืš ืคื•ื 'ื ืึธืจื˜ ื‘ื™ื– ืžืึธืจ- 
ื’ืขืŸ, ืึทื–ืฑ ืื– ื“ื™ ื’ืึทื ืฆืข ื ืึธืก ื•ืฐื•ืขื˜ ื•ื•ื™ืกืขืŸ, ืึทื– ืื™ื—ืจ ื”ืึธื˜ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืฆื• 
ืฆืึธื”ืœืขืŸ ื“ืขื ื•ืึทื˜ืขืจืคื™ื—ืจืขืจ ืคืืจ ืฐืึทืกืขืจ,. 

ื ืžืึธื“ื ืขืจ ืื™ื“ ืื˜ ื“ืขืจ ืกืึทื ืข ื“ืขืจ ืฐืึทืกืขืจืคื™ื”ืจืขืจ. ืึทืœึฟื™ื™ืŸ 
ืื™ื– ืขืจ ืึท ืงื•ืจืฆื™ื ืงืขืจ ืื•ืŸ ืึท ื’ืจืึธื‘ื™ื ืงืขืจ, ื”ืึทืคึผื˜ ื“ืขื ืึถืคึผื‘ืœื™ืง ืคื•ืŸ 
ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืคืขื˜ืขืœ ืžื™ื˜ ืฐืึทืกืขืจ. ื˜ืจืึธื’ืขืŸ ื˜ืจืึธื’ื˜ ืขืจ ื ื’ื•ื™'ื™ืฉ ืคืขืœืฆืขืค 
ืžื™ื˜ ืึท ืฉืžื•ื™ืกืขืŸ-ื”ื™ื˜ืขืค, ื“ื™ ืฉื˜ื™ื•ื•ืขืœ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื‘ื™ื™ ืื™ื”ื ืฉื˜ืขื ื“ื™ื’ึฟ 
ื—ืจื•ื‘, ื“ื™ ื—ืืœื™ืฐื•ืขื˜ืก --- ืžื™ื ื ืฉื˜ืจื™ืงืขืœ ืึทืจื•ืžื’ืขื‘ื•ื ื“ืขืŸ. ื•ื•ื™ื ื˜ืขืจ 
ื˜ืจืึธื ื ืขืจ ื’ืขืคืœืึทื›ื˜ืขื ืข ื”ืขื ื˜ืฉืงืขื ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื™ ื”ืขื ื“ ืžื™ื˜ ื’ืจื•ื™ืกืข 
ืœืขื›ืขืจ, ื•ืึทื ืกื™ืก ื”ืึธื˜ ืขืจ ื”ืืœื‘ืข, ื ืึธืจ ืกื™ืžื ื™ื ืคื•ืŸ ืฐืึธื ืกื™ืก, ืื•ืŸ 
ืื•ื™ื’ืขืŸ ื”ืึธื˜ ืขืจ ืงืœื™ื™ื ืข, ืงื•ืงื˜ ื‘ืœื™ื ื“ืœื™ืš ืื•ืŸ ื–ืขื”ื˜ ื ื™ืฉื˜, ื•ื™ ื”ืขื›ืขืจ 
ื”ืืœื‘ ืฐืึทืกืขืจ ื•ื•ืขืจื“ ื‘ื™ื™ ืื™ื—ื ืื•ื™ืกื ืขืคึผืœืขืกืงืขื˜ ืคื•ื 'ื ืฉืคึผื•ื ื˜. 

ื“ืึธืก ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจืคื˜ืจ, ืฐืึธืก ื“ื™ ื’ืึทืกืขืŸ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื’ืขืคืœืึทืกื˜ืขืฑื˜, 
ื˜ืื ืฆื˜ ื“ืึธื˜ ื•ื•ืขื’ืขืœืข ืื”ื™ืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืึทื”ืขืจ { ืื•ืŸ ืžื—ืžืช ื“ื™ ืจืขื“ืขืจ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ 
ื‘ื™ื™ ืื™ื”ื ืงื™ื™ื ืžืึธืœ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื’ืขืฉืžื™ืจื˜, ืงืึธืŸ ืžืขืŸ ื”ืขืจืขืŸ ืคืืจ ื ืžื™ื™ืœ, 
ืื– ืกืึทื ืข ื“ืขืจ ื•ื•ืึทืกืขืจืคื™ื”ืจืขืจ ืคืึธื”ืจื˜ ืžื™ื˜'ืŸ ืคืขืกืข? ืงื•ืžืขืŸ-ืืจื•ื™ืก 
ืฆื•ืŸ ืื™ื”ื ื“ื™ ื‘ืขืœ:ื—ื‘ื™ืช'ื˜ืขืก ืึทืงืขื’ืขืŸ, ืื™ื˜ืœื™ื›ืข ืžื™ื˜ ืื™ื™ืŸ ืึทื ื“ืขืจ 
ื˜ืขื ื” ; 

-- ืื™ื—ืจ ื”ืึธื˜ ืžื™ืจ ืึธื ื’ืขื ืึทืกืขืŸ ื ื”ืึทืœื‘ืข ื“ื™ื™ื–ืฉืข ืžื™ื˜ ื•ื•ืืกืขืจ ! 

--- ื•ื•ืขืŸ ื•ื•ืขื˜ ืื™ื—ืจ ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ื‘ืจืขื ื’ืขืŸ ืžื™ืจ ืื•ื™ืš ืืžืึธืœ ืฐืึทืกืขืŸืจ ? 

ืกืึทื ืข ืงื•ืกื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื–ื™ื™ ืžื™ื ื“ื™ ืงืœื™ื™ื ืข ื‘ืœื™ื ื“ืœื™ื›ืข ืื•ื™ื’ืขืŸ, ืขื ื˜- 
ืคืขืจื˜ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื“ืึธืก ืฆื•ื•ื™ื™ื˜ืข ืฐืึธืจื˜, ื’ืœื™ื™ืš ื•ื™ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืื™ื”ื ืžื™ื™ื ื˜ ืžืขืŸ, 

--- ืฉืœื™ื-ืžื–? ! --- ื“ื•ืคื˜ ืžืขืŸ ืื™ื—ื ืื™ืŸ ืฉื˜ืึธื“ื˜ ืื•ืŸ ืžืข ืœื™ื™ื“ื. 
ืคื•ึนืŸ ืื™ื”ื ื“ืขื ื’ื™ืชื ื˜, | 

ื ืึธืจ ืื™ื™ืŸ ืกืื’ ืื™ืŸ ื™ืึถื”ืจ ื“ืึทืจืค ืžืขืŸ ืกืึทื ืข ื“ืขื ื•ืืกืขืจืคื™ื”ืจืขืจ 
ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื“ืขืจืžืื ืขืŸ ื•ื•ืขื’ืขืŸ ืฐืึทืกืขืจ. ื“ืึธืก ืื™ื– ื“ืขืจ ื˜ืึธื’ ืคื•ืŸ ืขืจื‘ ื™ื•ื- 
ื‘ืคื•ืจ, 

ืคึฟื•ืŸ ื›ืื•ืจ ื”ื‘ื•ืงืจ ื‘ื™ื– ื”ืืœื‘ืขืŸ ื˜ืึธื’ ื•ื•ืขืจืขืŸ ื‘ื™ื™ ืื™ื”ื ืึทืœืข 
ื“ื™ื™ื–ืฉืขืก ืึธื ื’ืขืคื™ืœื˜ ืžื™ื˜ ืฐืึทืกืขืจ, ืื•ืŸ ืกืึทื ืข ืฐืึทืจืคื˜-ืึทืจืึธื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ื–ื™ืš 
ื“ืึธืก ื’ื•ื™'ื™ืฉืข ืคืขืœืฆืขืœ ืžื™ื˜ืฅ ืฉืžื•ื™ืกืขืŸ-ื”ื™ื˜ืขืœ, ื˜ื”ื•ื˜ ืึธืŸ ืจื™ ืฉื‘ืช- 


ืฉืœื•ืื™ืขืœื™ื›ื. ื‘, ืฉื 14 


210 | | ืฉืœื•ื-ืขืœื•ื›ื 


ื“ื™ื’ืข ืงืึทื ื’ืึทืจืขื ืข ืงืึทืคึผืึธื˜ืข ืžื™ื˜'ืŸ ืงืึทืœื™ื ืงืึธืจืขื ืขื ืงืึทืฉืงืขื˜. ืึตื™ืŸ 
ืืฑืกื’ืขืฆืฐืึธื’ืขื ืขืจ ืื•ืŸ ืึท ืฆื•ื ืขืงืขืžื˜ืขืจ, ื–ืขื”ื˜ ืขืจ ืื•ื™ืก ืฐื™ ืึท ื‘ืข" 
ื™ืึธื”ืจื˜ืขืจ ืืœืžืŸ ืฆื•ึน ื“ืขืจ ืฆื•ื•ื™ื™ื˜ืขืจ ื—ื•ืคึผื”. ืคื•ืŸ ืฉื˜ื•ื‘ ืฆื• ืฉื˜ื•ื‘ ื’ืขื”ื˜ 
ืขืจ ืฆื• ื–ื™ื™ื ืข ื‘ืขืœื™-ื”ื‘ื™ืช'ื˜ืขืก ืื™ื‘ืขืจื‘ืขื˜ืขืŸ, ื–ื™ืš ืžื•ื—ืœ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ : 

--- ืึท ื’ื•ื˜ ื™ื•ื ื˜ื•ื‘! ื˜ืึธืžืขืจ ื”ืึธื‘ ืื™ืš ืื™ื™ืš ืึธื ื’ืขืจื™ื”ืจื˜ ืžื™ื˜ 
ืึท ืงืจื•ึผื ืฐืึธืจื˜, ื‘ืขื˜ ืื™ืš ืึทื™ื™ืš ืื™ื‘ืขืจ ืื•ืŸ ื•ื•ื™ื ืฉ ืึทื™ื™ืš ืึท ื—ืชื™ืžื” 
ื˜ื•ื‘ื”. | 

ืขื ื˜ืคืขืจื˜ ืžืขืŸ ืื™ื”ื: ;ื ื ืืชื, ืœืึธื– ื’ืึธื˜ ืžื•ื—? ื–ื™ื™ืŸ". -- 
ืžืข ื‘ืขื˜ ืื™ื”ื ื–ื™ืฆืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืžืขืŸ ืื™ื– ืื™ื”ื ืžื›ื‘ื“ ืžื™ื˜ ืœืขืงืึทืš, 


3 
ืจืคืืœ ื‘ืขืœื™ืžืฉื ื™ื—. 


ืจืคื? ืื™ืŸ ื ืžืฉื’ื™ื—. ืขืจ ื’ื™ื˜ ืึทื›ื˜ื•ื ื’. 

ืื•ื™ืฃ ืฐืึธืก ื’ื™ื˜ ืขืจ ืึทื›ื˜ื•ื ื’ ? ืื•ื™ืฃ ืึทืœืกื“ื™ื ื’. ืขืจ ื’ื™ื˜ ืื›ื˜ื•ื ื’ 
ืฉื•ื™ืฃ ื“ืขืจ ืชืœืžื•ื“ ืชื•ืจื”, ื“ื™ ืงื™ื ื“ืขืจ ื–ืึธืœืขืŸ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื’ืขื”ืŸ ื ืืงืขื˜ ืื•ืŸ 
ื‘ืึธืจืคื™ืก {; ืื•ื™ืค'ืŸ ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจ-ื—ื•ืœื™ื, ืึธืจืขืžืข ืœื™ื™ื˜ ื–ืึธืœืขืŸ ื“ืึธืจื˜ ื ื™ืฉื˜ 
ืื•ื™ืกื’ืขื”ืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื”ื•ื ื’ืขืจ ; ื”ื™ื™ื ื˜ ื’ื™ื˜ ืขืจ ืึทื›ื˜ื•ื ื’ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื™ ื‘ื—ื•ืจื™ื, 
ื•ืืก ื–ื™ืฆืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ืช-ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ ืื•ืŸ ืœืขืจื ืขืŸ, ื–ื™ื™ ื–ืึธืœืขืŸ ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ ืฐืึธืก 
ืฆื• ืขืกืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื’ืขื”ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืฆืขืจื™ืกืขื ืข ืฉื˜ื™ื•ื•ืข?,. ืื•ืŸ ื’ืœืึธื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ 
ืึทืจืขืžืข ืœื™ื™ื˜ ืื™ืŸ ืฉื˜ืึธื“ื˜ ื’ื™ื˜ ืขืจ ืื›ื˜ื•ื ื’, ื–ื™ื™ ื–ืึธืœืขืŸ ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ 
ืฉื‘ืช ืื•ืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื™ื•ื-ื˜ื•ื‘. 

ืขืจ ืึทืœื™ื™ืŸ ื˜ืึทืงื™ ื’ืขื”ื˜ ื“ืึธืก ืคื•ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืขืจื˜ื•ื•ืขื ืขืŸ ืื™ื‘ืขืจ ื“ื™ ื”ื™ื™ื–ืขืจ, 
ืงืœื•ื™ื‘ื˜ ืงืึธืคึผื™ืงืขืก, ื ืขืžื˜ ืฆื•ื ื•ื™ืฃ ืคื•ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืขืจื˜ื•ื•ืขื ืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื—ืชื•ื ื•ืช, 
ืื•ื™ืฃ ื‘ืจื™ืช'ืขืŸ, ืื•ื™ืฃ ืคึผื“ื™ื•ืŸ-ื”ื‘ื 'ืก ืื•ืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืึทื ื“ืขืจืข ืฉืžื—ื•ืช, ืœืึธื–ื˜ 
ื’ื™ืฉื˜ ื“ื•ืจืš ืงื™ื™ื ืขื, ืจื™ื™ืกื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ื˜ื•ื™ื“ื˜ ืื•ืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ืœืขื‘ืขื“ื™ื’ ืื•ืŸ ืงืจื™ืขื’ื˜ 
ื–ื™ืš, ื–ื™ื“ืขืœื ื–ื™ืš ืื•ืŸ ืฉืœืึธื ื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืคืึทืจ , ื–ื™ื™ื ืข" ืึธืจืขืžืข ืœื™ื™ื˜. 

ืึท ื’ืึทื ืฆืข ืฐืึธืš ื’ืขื”ื˜ ืขืจ ืื•ื ืžื™ื˜ ืึท ืฉื˜ืขืงืขืŸ. ืื•ืŸ ืขืจื‘ ืฉื‘ืช 
ืื•ืŸ ืขืจื‘ ื™ื•ื"ื˜ื•ื‘ --- ืžื™ื˜ ืึท ื–ืึทืง ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื™ ืคึผืœืฒื™ืฆืขืก. ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขื ื“ืึท- 
ื–ื™ื ืขืŸ ื–ืืง ื•ืึทืจืคื˜ ืื™ื—ื”ืจ ืื™ื”ื ืึทืจื™ื™ืŸ ืฐืึธืก ืื™ื”ืจ ื”ืึธื˜ : ืึท ืฉื˜ื™ืงืขืœ 
ื‘ืจื•ื™ื˜, ืึท ืคึผื•ืœืงืข ืคื•ืŸ ืึตื™ื™ืŸ ืขื•ืฃ, ื ื’ืขื‘ืึทืงืขื ืขื ืงืึทืจื˜ืึธืคืขืœ, ืึตื™ื™ืŸ ืื•ื’ืขืจ- 
ืงืข, ื ืงื ืึธื‘ืขืœ, ืึท ืฆื™ื‘ืขืœืงืข, ืึท ื‘ื™ื™ื ื“ืข? --- ืืœืกื“ื™ื ื’ ืื™ืŸ ื ืกื—ื•ืจื—. 
ืื•ืŸ ืคึผืจื•ื‘ื˜, ืื“ืจื‘ื”, ื•ืึทืจืคื˜ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืึทืจื™ื™ืŸ ืจื‘ ืจืคืืœ'ืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื–ืืง ืึทืจืฒืŸ 
ื’ืึธืจื ื™ืฉื˜ ื ื™ืฉื˜, ืฐืขื˜ ืื™ื”ืจ ืงืจื™ื’ืขืŸ ื’ืขื–ื™ื“ืขืœื˜, ืื•ืŸ ืึทื– ืื™ื—ืจ ื•ื•ืขื˜ 
ื–ื™ืš ืฉื˜ืขืœืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืก'ื˜ืขื ื”'ืŸ, ืงืึทื ื˜ ืื™ื”ืจ ืื™ื”ื ื ืึธืš ืืจื™ื™ื ื‘ืจืขื ื’ืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ 
ื›ืขืก, ืื•ืŸ ืขืจ ืงืึธืŸ ืึทื™ื™ืš ื’ืขื‘ืขืŸ ืžื™ื˜'ืŸ ืฉื˜ืขืงืขืŸ. 

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219 | ืฉืœื•ื-ืขืœื•ื›ื 


ืจืคื? ืื™ื– ืึทื™ื™ืŸ ืื•ื™ืกื’ืขื“ื™ืขื ื˜ืขืจ ืกืึธึทืœื“ืึธื˜, ืึท ื ื™ืงืึธืœืึทื™ืขืฐื•ืกืงืขืจ, 
ืื•ืŸ ื”ืึทืœื˜ ื–ื™ืš ื’ืœื™ื™ืš, ืฐื•ื™ ื ืกื˜ืจื•ื ืข, ืื•ืŸ ื’ืขื”ื˜, ืฐื•ื™ ื ืกืึทืœื“ืึทื˜. ืึทื– 
ืื™ื”ืจ ื•ื•ื™ืœื˜, ืงืึธื ื˜ ืื™ื”ืจ ื–ืขื”ืขืŸ ื‘ื™ื™ ืื™ื”ื ืื•ื ื˜ืขืจ ื“ืขืจ ืงืึทืคึผืึธืžืข, 
ืื•ื™ืค'ืŸ ืœื™ื™ื‘ืขืœ, ืึท ืžืขื“ืึทืœ ืคื•ืŸ ื ื™ืงืึธืœืึทื™ืขืŸ, ืฆื•ื•ื™ื™ ืžืขื“ืึทืœืขืŸ: ืื™ื™ื ืข 
ืึท ื–ื™ืœื‘ืขืจื ืข, ื“ื™ ืึทื ื“ืขืจืข ืึท ื‘ืจืึทื ื–ืขื ืข. ืื•ืŸ ืขืจ ื”ืึธื˜ ืฆื• ื“ืขืจืฆืขื—ืœืขืŸ 
ืคื•ืŸ ื ื™ืงืึธืœืึทื™ ืคึผืึทืฐืœืึธืฐื™ื˜ืฉืขืŸ ืžืขืฉื™ื•ืช ืžื™ื˜ ืžืขืฉื™ื•ืช. ื ืึธืจ ื•ืื• 
ื”ืึธื˜ ืขืจ ืฆื™ื™ื˜ ืฆื• ื“ืขืจืฆืขื”ืœืขืŸ ืžืขืฉื™ื•ืช, ืึทื– ืขืจ ื”ืึธื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื–ื™ืš ืึทื–ืฑ 
ืคื™ืขืœ ืึทืจื‘ืฒื™ื˜ 3 ืึท ืกืœื™ื™ื ื™ื’ืงื™ื™ื˜ --- ื ืžืขื ืฉ ื ืžืฉื ื™ื— ! 

ื•ื•ืขืจ ื”ืึธื˜ ืื™ื”ื ื’ืขืžืึทื›ื˜ ืคืึทืจ ื ืžืฉื’ื™ื— -- ื•ื•ื™ื™ืกื˜ ืงื™ื™ื ืขืจ 
ื ื™ืฉื, ื•ื•ืขืจ ืฆืึธื”ืœื˜ ืื™ื”ื ืื•ืŸ ื•ื•ื™ืคื™ืข? ื‘ืขืงื•ืžื˜ ืขืจ ืคืึทืจ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ 
ืึทืจื‘ื™ื™ื --- ื•ื•ื™ื™ืกื˜ ืงื™ื™ื ืขืจ ื ื™ืฉื˜. ืงื™ื™ื ืขืจ ื•ื•ื™ื™ืกื˜ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืื•ืŸ ืงื™ื™ื ืขืจ 
ื ืขืžื˜ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืึดืคึผ ื‘ื™ื™ ืื™ื—ื”ื ืงื™ื™ืŸ ื“ื™ืŸ ื•ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ. ืžืข ื ืœื™ื‘ื˜ ืื™ื”ื. 
ืžืข ื•ื•ื™ื™ืกื˜, ืึทื– ื•ื•ืึธืก ืจืคืืœ ืคืขืจื“ื™ืขื ื˜ ืคืึทืจ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืึทืจื‘ื™ื™ื˜ --- ืžืขื’ืขืŸ 
ื“ืึธืก ื“ื™ ืฉื•ื ืื™ื ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื–ื™ื™ืขืจ ืคืขืจืžืขื’ืขืŸ, ืฐืึธืจื•ื ืขืจ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื–ื™ืš 
ืึทืœื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ืขื“ืึทืจืฃ ื’ืึธืจื ื™ืฉื˜. ืื•ืŸ ืขืจ ื’ืขื”ื˜ ืžื™ื˜ ื“ืขื ื’ืึทื ื’, ืึทื– ืื™ื”ืจ 
ื‘ืขื“ืืจืคื˜ ืื•ื™ืš ื’ืึธืจื ื™ืฉื˜,. ืขืจ ืงืึธืŸ ื–ื™ืš ืคืขืจื’ื™ื ืขืŸ ืื™ื™ืš ื–ืึธื ืขืŸ ืžื•ืกืจ, 
ืœืžืึทื™ ืื™ื”ืจ ื’ื™ื˜ ืื•ื™ืก ื’ืขืœื“ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ืขืจ ืจื•ื— ื•ื•ื™ื™ืกื˜ ืฐืึธืก, ื‘ืขืช ืื™ืŸ 
ืฉื˜ืึธื“ื˜ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื“ืึธ ืึทื–ืฑ ืคื™ืขืœ ืึธืจืขืžืข ืœื™ื™ื˜. ื“ื™ ื’ืึทื ืฆืข ื•ืฐืขืœื˜ ืื™ื– 
ื‘ื™ื™ ืื™ื”ื ื‘ืขืฉืึทืคืขืŸ ื’ืขืฐืึธืจืขืŸ ื ืึธืจ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืึธืจืขืžืข ืœื™ื™ื˜'ืก ื•ื•ืขื’ืขืŸ. 
ื“ืขืจื–ืขื”ื˜ ืขืจ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืื™ื™ืš ืึท ื ื™ื™ ืžืœื‘ื•ืฉ, ืฐืขื˜ ืขืจ ืขืก ืึท ืกืืค ื˜ื”ื•ืŸ 
ืื•ืŸ ืฐื•ืขื˜ ืึตื™ื™ืš ืึท ืคืจืขื’ ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ: ,ืฐืึธืก ืงืึธืกื˜ ?? ืื•ืŸ ืฐืขื˜ ื ืขืžืขืŸ 
ืื•ื™ืคืจืขื›ืขื ืขืŸ ืึตื™ื™ืš, ื•ื•ื™ืคื™ืขืœ ืึธืจืขืžืข ืœื™ื™ื˜ ืฐืึธืœื˜ ืžืขืŸ ื ืขืงืึทื ื˜ ื“ืขืจ- 
ืžื™ื˜ ืื•ื™ืกืงืœื™ื™ื“ืขืŸ. ืงื•ืžื˜ ืขืจ ืฆื• ื ืขื”ืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื ื—ืชื•ื ื”, ื ื‘ืจื™ืช, ืึท 
ืคึผื“ื™ื•ืŸ-ื”ื‘ืŸ ืึธื“ืขืจ ืึทื–ืฑ ืึท ืฉืžื—ื”, ืื™ื– ื“ืึธืก ืขืจืฉื˜ืข, ืฐืึธืก ืงื•ืžื˜ ืื™ื”ื 
ืื•ื™ืค'ืŸ ื–ื™ื ืขืŸ : , ื•ื•ื™ืคื™ืขืœ ืึธืจืขืžืข ืœื™ื™ื˜ ืฐืึธืœื˜ ืžืขืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ืึทื–ื ืกืขื•ืจื” 
ื’ืขืงืึทื ื˜ ืึธื ื”ืึธื“ืขื•ืขืŸ 4"... ืื•ืŸ ืขืจ ืฐื•ืึทืจื˜-ืึธืคึผ, ื•ื•ืขืŸ ืฐื•ืขื˜ ื“ืขืจ ืขื•ืœื 
ืึธืคึผื‘ืขื ื˜ืฉืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืฆืขื•ืขื”ืŸ ื–ื™ืš, ื‘ื›ื“ื™ ืขืจ ื–ืึธืœ ืงืึธื ืขืŸ ืฆื•ื ื•ื™ืคื ืขืžืขืŸ ื“ื™ 
ืื™ื‘ืขืจื’ืขื‘ืœื™ื‘ืขื ืข ืฉื˜ื™ืงืœืขืš ืคืึทืจ ื–ื™ื™ื ืข ืึธืจืขืžืข ืœื™ื™ื˜. 

ืฐื•ื™ ืึทืœื˜ ืื™ื– ืขืจ? -- ื“ืึธืก ื•ื™ื™ืกื˜ ืงื™ื™ื ืขืจ ื ื™ืฉื˜, ืื•ืŸ ืขืจ 

ืึทืœื™ื™ืŸ -- ืื•ื™ืš ื ื™ืฉื˜. ืขืจ ืื™ื– ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ืึท ื‘ื™ืกืข? ื˜ื•ื™ื‘ืœื™ืš, ืึทื– ืื™ื”ืจ 


ืคืขืŸ ืื™ื– ื–ื•ืš ื˜ื•ื”ืœ 218 


ืจืขืจื˜ ืฆื• ืื™ื”ื ืื•ืŸ ืขืจ ื“ืขืจื”ืขืจื˜ ื ื™ืฉื˜, ืฆืขืฉืจื™ื™ื˜ ืขืจ ื–ื™ืš ืื•ื™ืฃ 
ืื™ื™ืš, ืึทื– ,ืื™ื”ืจ ืฉืคึผืจืขื›ื˜ ืื™ื”ื ืึดืคึผ ืึท ื’ื•ื˜ ืื•ื™ื’/, ืื•ืŸ ืื™ื”ืจ ืžื•ื–ื˜ 
ืจืขื“ืขืŸ ื”ืขื›ืขืจ. ืื•ื™ืš ื“ื™ ืจืื™ื” ืื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ื™ ืื™ื”ื ื“ื™ ืœืขืฆื˜ืข ืฆื™ื™ื˜ ื 
ื‘ื™ืกืขืœ ื’ืขืฉืœืึธื ืขืŸ. ืคื– ืขืจ ื’ืขื”ื˜, ืงื•ืงื˜ ืขืจ ื’ืœื™ื™ืš ืื•ืŸ ื˜ืึทืคึผื˜ ืžื™ื˜'ืฅืŸ 
ืฉื˜ืขืงืขืŸ. ืขืจ ื˜ืจืขืคื˜ ืึธื‘ืขืจ ืึทื”ื™ืŸ, ื•ื•ืื• ืžืข ื“ืึทืจืฃ, ืื•ืŸ ืึทื– ืžืข ื’ื™ื˜ 
ืื™ื”ื, ื“ืขืจื–ืขื”ืž ืขืจ, ืื•ืŸ ืึทื– ืžืข ื’ื™ื˜ ืื™ื”ื ื ื™ืฉื˜, ื‘ื™ื™ื–ืขืจื˜ ืขืจ ื–ื™ืš, 
ืงืœืึธืคึผื˜ ืžื™ื˜'ืŸ ืฉื˜ืขืงืขืŸ : 

-- ืื™ื”ืจ ื”ืึธื˜ ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ื—ื™ื™ื ื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืึธื ื’ืขืคึผืจืขืกืขืŸ, ื“ืึทื ืงืขืŸ ื’ืึธื˜, 
ืื•ืŸ ืึธื ื’ืขื–ืœื™ืึธืงืขื˜, ืื•ืŸ ืื™ืฆื˜ ืจื•ื™ื›ืขืจื˜ ืื™ื”ืจ ื–ื™ืš ื ืคึผืึทืคึผื™ืจืึธืกืขืœ, 
ืื™ื™ืš ืื™ื–, ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืขื™ืŸ-ื”ืจืข, ื’ืึทื ืฅ ื’ื•ื˜ ! ืื•ืŸ ื“ืึธืก ื•ื•ื™ื™ืกื˜ ืื™ื”ืจ, ืึทื– 
ืžื™ื™ื ืข ืึธืจืขืžืข ืœื™ื™ื˜ ืคืึทืกื˜ืขืŸ ื ืึธืš ืคื•ืŸ ื ืขื›ื˜ืขืŸ ืึถืŸ, ื™ืึทื“ืจืึธ ื•ื•ืึทืฉื™ 
ืงืึทื˜ืฉืงื™ {.., 

ื“ืึธืก ืื™ื– ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื™ื•ื 'ื™ืฉืข ืงืœืœื—, ืฐืึธืก ืขืจ ืื™ืŸ ืžื›ื‘ื“ ืžื™ื˜ ืื™ื”ืจ 
ืงืœื™ื™ืŸ ืื•ืŸ ื’ืจื•ื™ืก. ืขื ื˜ืคืขืจืขืŸ ืื™ื”ื ืขืคึผื™ืก ื“ืขืจื•ื™ืฃ ืื™ื– ืึทืจืฑืกื’ืข- 
ืฐืึธืจืคึฟืขืŸ -- ืžืข ืงืึธืŸ ื ืึธืš ื”ืขืจืขืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ืื™ื”ื ืขืจื’ืขืจืข ื•ื•ืขืจื˜ืขืจ.. 

-- ื ืื˜ ืื™ื™ืš ืึทื–ืึท ืžื™ืŸ ืึธื ืฉื™ืงืขื ื™ืฉ! --- ื–ืึธื’ื˜ ืžืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืื™ื”ื 
ืื™ืŸ ืฉื˜ืึธื“ื˜, ืื•ืŸ ืžืข ื‘ืขื”ืืœื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืื•ื™ืก ืคื•ืŸ ืื™ื”ื, ื˜ืึธืžืขืจ ืฐืขื˜ 
ืขืจ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื’ืขืคื™ื ืขืŸ. 

ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืงื™ื ื“ืขืจ ื”ืึธื˜ ืขืจ ื ื™ืฉื˜. ืขืจ ื”ืึธื˜ ื–ื™ื™ ืึทืœืขืžืขืŸ ืื™ื‘ืขืจ- 
ื’ืขืœืขื‘ื˜. ืขืจ ื”ืึธื˜ ื ืึธืจ ืื™ื™ื ื™ืงืœืขืš, ืฐืึธืก ื”ืึทืœื˜ืขืŸ ืื™ื”ื ืื•ื™ื˜ ืžื™ื˜ 
ื’ืจื•ื™ืกืข ืฆืจื•ืช -- ืื•ืŸ ื“ืึธืก ื’ึดื™ื ืื™ื”ื ื“ื™ ืžืขื’ืœื™ื›ืงื™ื™ื˜, ืขืจ ื–ืึธืœ ื–ื™ืš 
ืงืึธื ืขืŸ ืื™ื ื’ืึทื ืฆืขืŸ ืึธืคึผื ืขื‘ืขืŸ ืฆื• ื–ื™ื™ื ืข ืึธืจืขืžืข ืœื™ื™ื˜ ืื•ืŸ ื˜ืึธื’ ืฐื™ ื ืึทื›ื˜ 
ืึทืจื•ืžื’ืขื”ืŸ ืื™ื‘ืขืจ ื“ืขืจ ืฉื˜ืึธื“ื˜, ื–ืฉืขื‘ืจืขื•ื•ืขืŸ, ืฉืœืขืคึผืขืŸ, ืจื™ื™ืกืขืŸ, ื“ืข- 
ืงื•ื˜ืฉืขืŸ, ืื™ื™ื ืขืžืขืŸ ื–ื™ืš ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ื‘ื™ื™ื ืขืจ ืึทืจื™ื™ืŸ, ื–ื™ื“ืœืขืŸ ื–ื™ืš ืื•ืŸ ืฉืขืœ- 
ื˜ืขืŸ ื–ื™ืš ืื•ื™ืฃ ื™ื•ื 'ื™ืฉ, 

ื ืึธืจ ืื™ื™ืŸ ื˜ืึธื’ ืื™ืŸ ื™ืึถื”ืจ ืื™ื– ืคืึทืจื”ืืŸ, ืฐืึธืก ืื•ื ื–ืขืจ ื‘ืขืœ- 
ืžืฉื ื™ื— ืœืึธื–ื˜ ืฆื•ื“ืจื•ื” ื“ืขื ืขื•ืœื. ื“ืึธืก ืื™ื– ื“ืขืจ ื˜ืึธื’ ืคื•ืŸ ืขืจื‘ ื™ื•ื- 
ื›ืคึผื•ืจ. 

ืขืจ ื”ืึธื˜ ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ื‘ืขื–ืึธืจื ื˜ ื–ื™ื™ื ืข ืึทืจืขืžืข ืœื™ื™ื˜ ื ืึธืš ืคื•ืŸ ื ืขื›ื˜ืขืŸ, 
ื–ื™ืš ืื™ื‘ืขืจื’ืขืงืจื™ืขื ื˜ ืžื™ื ื“ืขืจ ื’ืึทื ืฆืขืจ ืฉื˜ืึธื“ื˜, ืื•ื™ืกื’ืขื•ื•ื™ื–ืขืŸ ืžื™ื˜ 


214 ืฉืœื•ื"ืขืœื•ื‘ื 


ืจืื™ื•ืช, ืึทื– ืึธืจืขืžืข ืœื™ื™ื˜ ื‘ืขื“ืืจืคืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืš ืฉืœืึธื ืขืŸ ื›ืคึผืจื•ืช, ืึทื– ืึธืจืขืžืข 
ืœื™ื™ื˜ ื‘ืขื“ืึทืจืคืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืš ื”ืื‘ืขืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ืฐืึธืก ืฆื• ืคืขืจืคึผืึทืกื˜ืขืŸ ื–ื™ืš -- ืขืก 
ื’ืขื”ื˜ ืื–ื ื”ื™ื™ืœื™ื ืขืจ ื˜ืึธื’, ื™ืึทื“ื“ืึธ ืฐืึทืฉื™ ืงืึทื˜ืฉืงื™ !... ืื•ืŸ ืื™ืฆื˜ 
ืžืึทื“ืจืฉื™ืจื˜ ืขืจ ืžื™ื˜ ื–ื™ื™ื ืข ืึทืœื˜ืข ืกืึธืœื“ืึทื˜ืกืงืข ืคื™ืก ืื™ื‘ืขืจ ื“ืขืจ 
ืฉื˜ืึธื“ื˜, ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ืึถื”ืŸ ืึท ื–ืืง ืื•ืŸ ืึถื”ืŸ ืึท ืฉื˜ืขืงืขืŸ, ื™ื•ื-ื˜ื•ื‘'ื“ื™ื’, ืžื™ื˜ 
ื‘ื™ื™ื“ืข ื ื™ืงืึธืœืึทื™ืขื•ื•ืกืงื™ ืžืขื“ืึทืœืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ืขืจ ื‘ืจื™ื™ื˜ืขืจ ื‘ืจื•ืกื˜. ืื•ืŸ 
ืžื—ืžืช ื“ืขื ืฉื˜ืขืงืขืŸ ื”ืึธื˜ ืขืจ ื’ืขืœืึธื–ื˜ ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ื”ื™ื™ื, ื’ืขื”ื˜ ืขืจ 
ื”ืึทืจื˜ ื‘ื™ื™ ื“ื™ ื•ื•ืขื ื“, ืคื•ืŸ ืฉื˜ื•ื› ืฆื• ืฉื˜ื•ื›, ืื™ื‘ืขืจื‘ืขื˜ืขืŸ ื“ืขื ืขื•ึนืœื, 
ื–ื™ืš ืžื•ื—ืœ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ : 

--- ื ื’ื•ื˜ ื™ื•ื-ื˜ื•ื‘ ! ื˜ืึธืžืขืจ ื”ืึธื‘ ืื™ืš ืื™ื™ืš ืึธื ื’ืขืจื™ื”ืจื˜ ืžื™ื 
ืึท ืงืจื•ื ืฐืึธืจื˜, ื‘ืขื˜ ืื™ืš ืื™ื™ืš ืื™ื‘ืขืจ, ืื•ืŸ ื•ื•ื™ื ืฉ ืึทื™ื™ืš ืึท ื—ืชื™ืžื” 
ื˜ื•ื‘ื”. | 

ืขื ื˜ืคืขืจื˜ ืžืขืŸ ืื™ื”ื: ,ื ื ืืชื, ืœืึธื– ื’ืึธื˜ ืžื•ื—ืœ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ,. -- 
ืžืข ื‘ืขื˜ ืื™ื”ื ื–ื™ืฆืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืžืขืŸ ืื™ื– ืื™ื”ื ืžื›ื‘ื“ ืžื™ื˜ ืœืขืงืึทืš. 


4 
ื’ืขืฆื™ื’ื•ื‘ืขืจื’ืึทื˜ืึธืŸ. 


ื’ืขืฆื™ื™ื’ื•ื’ืขืจื ืื˜ืึธืจ -- ื“ืึฟื˜ ืื™ื– ื“ืขืจ ืฉืžืฉ ืคื•ืŸ ืึทืœื˜ืขืŸ ื‘ื™ืช" 
ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ, 

ืื•ืžืขื˜ื•ื, ืื™ืŸ ืึทืœึถืข ื‘ืชื™ื–ืžื“ืจืฉื™ื ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ื’ืึทื ืฆืขืจ ื•ื•ืขืœื˜, 
ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืืคืฉืจ ื“ื™ ืฉืžืฉื™ื --- ืฉืžืฉื™ื, ื’ืขืฆื™ ื“ืขืจ ืฉืžืฉ ืคื•ืŸ ืื•ื ื–ืขืจ 
ืึทืœื˜ืขืŸ ื‘ื™ืช-ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ ืื™ื– ืžืขื”ืจ ื‘ืขืœ-ื”ื‘ื™ืช, ื•ื™ ืฉืžืฉ. ืฐืึธืก ื–ืื  
ืื™ืš? ืขืจ ืื™ื– ื‘ืขืœ-ื”ื‘ื™ืช ืื™ื‘ืขืจ ืึทืœืข ื‘ืขืœื™ื™ื‘ืชื™ื. 

ื’ืขืฆื™ ืœืึธื–ื˜ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืคื™ื”ืจืขืŸ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ื•ื•ืขืœื˜ืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ืช-ื—ืžื—ืจืฉ. ืขืจ 
ื–ืึธื’ื˜, ืึทื– ื ืฉื•ื”? ืื™ืŸ ืึท ืกืžืงื•ื-ืงื“ื•ืฉ. ื•ื™ืœื˜ ืื™ื—ืจ ืจืขื“ืขืŸ ื’ืข" 
ืฉืขืคื˜ -- ืงืึธื ื˜ ืื™ื”ืจ ื ืขื”ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืžืึทืจืง. ื•ื™ืœื˜ ืื™ื”ืจ ืฉืžื•ืขืกืขืŸ 
ืคึผืึทืœื™ื˜ื™ืงืข --- ืื™ื– ื“ืึธ, ืœื”ื‘ื“ื™ืœ, ืึท ืžืจื—ืฅ. ื‘ืฉื•ื ืื•ืคืŸ ื•ื•ืขื ืื™ื”ืจ 
ื‘ื™ื™ ืื™ื”ื ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืคึผื•ืขืœ'ืขืŸ, ืขืจ ื–ืึธืœ ืึทื™ื™ืš ืœืึธื–ืขืŸ ืจืขื“ืขืŸ ืืคื™ืœื• ืฉื‘ืช 
ืฆื• ืื•ื™ืคื ืขืžืขื ื™ืฉ. ื ืขืฆื™ ืื™ืŸ ืึท ืื™ื“, ืฐืึธืก ืœืขื’ื ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ื›ื‘ื•ื“ 
ืื•ื™ืฃ ืงื™ื™ื ืขื.. ืื™ื”ืจ ืงืึธื ื˜ ืึตื™ื™ืš ืฉื˜ืขื”ืŸ ืืฑื™ื‘ืขื ืึธืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืžื–ืจื—-ืฐืึทื ื“ 
ืื•ืŸ ืžืขื ื˜ ืื™ื™ืš ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ ื–ื™ืขื‘ืขืฆืขื”ืŸ ื–ื™ืœื‘ืขืจื ืข ืขื˜ืจื•ืช ืื•ื™ืค'ืŸ ื˜ืœื™ืช, 
ื•ื•ืขืจื“ ืขืจ ืคืึทืจ ืื™ื™ืš ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื‘ื˜?. ืื™ื”ืจ ืงืึธื ื˜ ืึทื™ื™ืš ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ื’ืจืขืก" 
ื˜ืขืจ ื ื‘ื™ืจ ืคื•ืŸ ืฉืžืึธื“ื˜, ืจื‘ ื™ื—ื•ืฉืข-ื”ืขืฉืข? ืึทืœื™ื™ืŸ, ืฐื•ื™ืœื˜ ืื™ื”ืจ ื ืึธืจ 
ืื•ื™ืกืจืขื“ืขืŸ ืึท ืฐืึธืจื˜, ืึทื–ื•ื™ ื“ืขืจื”ืขืจื˜ ืื™ื”ืจ ื ื–ืขืฅ ืื™ื‘ืขืจ'ืŸ ืฉืœื—ืŸ 
ืื•ืŸ ืึท ื ืขืฉืจื™ื™ , ืฉืฉืฉืึท !" -- ืึทื– ืื™ื—ืจ ื•ื•ืขืจื“ ืคืขืจื˜ื•ื™ื‘ื˜. 

ืึธื“ืขืจ ืคึผืจื•ื‘ื˜ ื ืขืžืขืŸ ื ืคืคืจ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ื‘ื™ืช'ื—ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ-ืฉืืคืข ืื•ืŸ 
ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืฆื•ืจื™ืงื‘ืจืขื ื’ืขืŸ ืฆื• ื“ืขืจ ืฆื™ื™ื˜, ืฐืขื˜ ืื™ื”ืจ ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื’ืขืฆื™'ืŸ 
ื“ืขื ื’ืจืขืกื˜ืขืŸ ื‘ื–ื™ื•ืŸ. 

ืึธื“ืขืจ ื–ื™ื™ื˜ ืžื ื“ืจ ืฉื‘ืช ืฆื• ืขืœื™ืช-ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืึท ื—ืฆื™ ืคื•ื ื˜ ื ืจื•ืช ืขืœ 
ื—ื‘ื™ืช-ืžื“ืจืฉ, ืึธื“ืขืจ ื—"ื™ ืคึผืจื•ื˜ื•ืช ืื•ื™ืฃ ืึธืจืขืžืข ืœื™ื™ื˜, ืื•ืŸ ื•ื•ื™ืœื˜ ื ื™ืฉื˜ 

218 


216 | ืฉืœื•ื˜-ืขืœื•ื›ื 


ืึธืคึผื ืขื‘ืขืŸ --- ื–ืขื ื˜ ืื™ื—ืจ ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ืึทื™ื™ืŸ ืึธื ื–ืขืฆืขืจ. ืกื™ื™ื“ืขืŸ ืื™ื—ืจ ื”ืึทืœื˜ 
ื‘ื™ื™ ืขื•ืงืจ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืึทืฐืขืงืœืึธื–ืขืŸ ื–ื™ืš ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืืžืขืจื™ืงื. 

ืึธื“ืขืจ ืœืึธื– ืขืžื™ืฆืขืจ ืึทื™ื™ื ืฉื˜ืขืœืขืŸ ื–ื™ืš ืฉื™ืงืขืŸ ื’ืขืฆื™'ืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ื 
ืฉืœื™ื—ื•ืช, ืฐืึธืก ืื™ืŸ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืฉื™ื™ืš ืžื™ื˜ ื‘ื™ืช-ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ, ืฐื•ืขื˜ ืขืจ ืื•ื™ืก- 
ื”ืขืจืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืึท ื–ืึธื’ ื˜ื”ื•ืŸ : 

--- ืคื™ื˜ ื”ืึธื˜ ืื™ื—ืจ 4 ื–ื™ื™ื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืžื˜ืจื™ื— ืื•ืŸ ื ืขื”ื˜ ืึทืœึตื™ื™ืŸ! -- 
ืึธื˜ ืึทื–ื ืžืขื ืฉ ืื™ืŸ ื’ืขืฆื™. 

ื“ื™ ืื™ื™ื ืฆื™ื ืข, ืฐืึธืก ื“ืขืจื•ื•ืขื ืขืŸ ื–ื™ืš ืึทืจืฑื™ืกื˜ืจืขื˜ืขืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ืขื–ื•ืช 
ืงืขื’ืขืŸ ื’ืขืฆื™ ื“ืขื ืฉืžืฉ, ืื™ื– ื ืึธืจ ื™ื•ื ื’ืฐื•ืึทืจื’. ืฆื™ืงืื•ื•ืข ื‘ื—ื•ืจื™ืž'ืœืขืš, 
ื—ื“ืจ-ื™ื•ื ื’ืœืขืš, ืงื•ื ื“ืกื™ื, ืฉื˜ืึธื“ื˜ื™ืฉืงืฆื™ื --- ืคื•ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ ื”ืึธื˜ ืขืจ ื“ืขื 
ื˜ื•ื™ื“ื˜. ื–ื™ื™ ื˜ื”ื•ืขืŸ ืื™ื”ื, ืฐืึธืก ืžืข ื˜ื”ื•ื˜ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืื™ื“ืขืŸ ื ื™ืฉื˜: ื–ื™ื™ 
ืงืขื”ืจืขืŸ ืื™ื”ื ืื™ื‘ืขืจ ื“ื™ ืกื˜ืขื ื“ืขืจืก, ืึทื– ืงื™ื™ื ืขืจ ื–ืขื”ื˜ ื ื™ืฉื˜,. ื–ื™ื™ 
ืœืึธื–ืขืŸ ืื™ื—ื”ื ืืจื•ื™ืก ื“ืึธืก ืฐืึทืกืขืจ ืคื•ื 'ื ื”ืึทื ื˜ืคืึทืก. โ€ ืคืขืจืงื ื™ืคึผืขืŸ 
ืื™ื”ื ื“ืขื ื”ืื ื˜ื•ืš,. ืงืึทืคืขืŸ ืื™ื”ื ืึถืŸ ื—ืœื‘ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื™ ื‘ื™ืช:ื”ืžืจืจืฉ- 
ื’ืžืจื•ืช. ืจื™ื™ืกืขืŸ-ืึทืจื•ืก ื“ืขื ืฆื•ื•ื™ื™ื˜ืขืŸ ,ื™ืงื•ื ืคึผื•ืจืงืŸ" ืคื•ืŸ ืึทืœืข ืงื—ืœ"- 
ืฉืข ืกื“ื•ืจื™ื, ืึทื–ื•ึนื™ ืึทื– ืฐืึธืก ืคืึทืจ ืึท ืกื“ื•ืจ ืžืข ื–ืึธืœ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืขืคืขื ืขืŸ, 
ืื™ื– ืขืจ ื ืึธืจ ืžื™ื˜ ืื™ื™ืŸ , ื™ืงื•ื-ืคึผื•ืจืงืŸ". 

ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื“ืึธื–ื™ื’ืข ื•ื•ื™ื™ืกืข:ื—ื‘ืจื”'ื ื™ืงืขืก ื”ืึธื˜ ื’ืขืฆื™ ืืคึผื ืขืฉื ื™ื˜ืขื ืข 
ื™ืึธื”ืจ, ื“ืขื ื ื™ื”ื ื ! ืื•ืŸ ืขืจ ืงื•ืงื˜ ื–ื™ื™ ื ืึธืš, ื˜ืึธืžืขืจ ืฐื•ืขื˜ ืขืจ ืขืžื™ืฆืขืŸ 
ืคึผืึทืงืขืŸ,. ืื•ืŸ ื”ืึธื˜ ืขืจ ื’ืขืคึผืึทืงื˜ ืึท ื—ื‘ืจื”-ืžืืŸ, ืจืขื›ืขื ื˜ ืขืจ ื–ื™ืš ืฉื•ื™ืŸ 
ืืค ืžื™ื˜ ืื™ื”ื ืคึฟืึทืจ ืึทืœึถืข. ืึทืจืฑืก ืคื•ืŸ ื ืขืฆื™'ืก ื”ืขื ื“ ืžื™ื˜ ืึท ื‘ื™ื™ืœ, 
ืžื™ื˜ ืึท ื‘ืœื•ื™ ืื•ื™ื’ ืึธื“ืขืจ ืึถื”ืŸ ืื™ื™ืŸ ืื•ื™ืขืจ --- ื”ื™ื™ืกื˜ ื ืึธืš ื’ื•ื˜ ืึดืžืคึผื™ 
ื’ืขืฉื ื™ื˜ืขืŸ. ื ืขืฆื™ ื”ืึธื˜ ืคื™ื™ื ื˜ ืœืึทื ื ืข ืžื—ื–ืงื•ืช, ื ื‘ื™ืช:ืขื“ื•ืช ืžื™ื˜ 
ืคึผื•ื˜ื˜ืข ืกืคึผืจืึทื•ื•ืงืขืก : ืึท ื ื’ื™ื“'ืก ืึท ื™ื•ื ื ืขืœ, ืึตื™ื™ืŸ ืึธืจืขืžืขืจ ื™ืชื•ื -- 
ืืฑืคื’ืขืคึผืึทื˜ืฉื˜, ืคืึทืจื˜ืึทืœืขืŸ ! 

ื ืขืฆื™ ืงืึธืŸ ืคึผืึทื˜ืฉืขืŸ,. ืึทื– ืขืจ ืœืึธื–ื˜ ืึทืจืึธืคึผ ืึท ื”ืึทื ื“, ืงืึธืŸ ืžืขืŸ 
ื“ืขืจื–ืขื”ืขืŸ ื“ืขื ื–ื™ื™ื“ืขืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื™ืขื ืขืจ ื•ื•ืขืœื˜. ืึท ืื™ื“ ืึท ื ื‘ืจ ( ื ืžืฉืคึผื—ื” 
ืคื•ืŸ ื ื‘ื•ืจื™ื), ื—ืึธื˜ืฉ ืืคื™ืœื• ืึทื–ืฑ, ืื•ื™ืค'ืŸ ืกื•ืง, ืฐืขื˜ ืื™ื”ืจ ืคืึทืจ 
ืื™ื”ื ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื ืขื‘ืขืŸ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืฆื•ื•ื™ื™ ืฆืขื‘ื•ืึธื›ืขื ืข ื ืจืึธืฉืขืŸ. ื“ืึทืจ, ืื•ื™ืก" 
ื’ืขื˜ืจื™ืงืขื ื˜, ื”ื•ื™ื˜ ืื•ืŸ ื‘ื™ื™ื ืขืจ. ื ึนืืจ ืคึผืื•ืช ืฆื•ื•ื™ื™ ื’ืจืึธื‘ืข, ืฉื•ื•ืืจืฆืข, 


ืžืขืŸ ืื™ื• ื–ื™ืš ืกื•ื”ืค 217 


ืื•ืŸ ืึทืœื™ืŸ ืื™ื– ืขืจ ืึท ืฉื•ื•ืืจืฆืขืจ, ืฉืฐืึทืจืฅ ื•ื™ ื ื˜ืึธื˜ืขืจ, ืžื™ื˜ ืฉื•ื•ืืจืฆืข 
ืื•ื™ื’ืขืŸ, ื‘ื™ื™ื–ืข, ืฐืึธืก ืงืึทื ืขืŸ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืงื•ืงืขืŸ ื’ืœื™ื™ืš ืื™ืŸ ืคึผื ื™ื ืืจื™ื™ืŸ, 
ื ืึธืจ ืึทืจืึธืคึผ, ื‘ืึทืงืขืŸ ืื™ื™ื ื’ืขืคืึทืœืขื ืข, ื ื ืึธืŸ ื ืคืขืจืœืขื ื˜ืข ืื•ืŸ ืฐืึธื - 
ืกื™ืก ืฉื•ื•ืืจืฆืข, ืืจืึทื•ื’ืขืœืึธื–ื˜ืข ืึทืจืึธืคึผ,. ื“ื™ ืึทืœืข ื–ืื›ืขืŸ ืื™ื ืื™ื™ื ืขื 
ืžื˜ื›ืขืŸ ื“ืขื ืึทื™ื™ื ื“ืจื•ืง, ืื– ืึธื“ืขืจ ืขืจ ืฐื™ืœ ื ืขื‘ืขืŸ ื ื ื™ื ืื•ืŸ ืงืึธืŸ 
ื ื™ืฉื˜, ืึธื“ืขืจ ืขืจ ื”ืึธื ืื™ื™ืš ืขืคึผื™ืก ืฆื• ื–ืึธื ืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืฐื™?ืœ ื ื™ืฉื˜, ืื“ืขืจ 
ืขืจ ืื™ื– ื’ืœืึธื˜ ืึท ื“ืข, ื ืจืฉืข. 

-- ืึท ืจืฉืข ืžืจื•ืฉืข ! -- ื–ืึธื’ื˜ ืžืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืื™ื”ื ืื™ืŸ ืฉื˜ืึธื“ื. --- 
ืึตื™ื™ืŸ ืึทื™ื™ื ื’ืขื ืขื˜ืขื ืข ื‘ืจื™ืื”, ืึท ืื™ื“ ื ืฆื•ื“ืœื”ื›ืขื™ืก'ื ื™ืง, ื ืžื”-ื™ืขืฉื”" 
ื ื™ืง, ื”ืึธื˜ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื–ื™ืš ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืื•ื™ื‘ืขืจื”ืืจ, ื˜ื—ื•ื˜ ืฐืึธืก ืขืจ ื•ื™ืœ. 
ื™ืœ ืขืจ ืขืคืขื ืขืŸ ื“ื™ ืฉื•ื”? -- ืขืคืขื ื˜ ืขืจ. ืฐื™ืœ ืขืจ ืคืขืจืžืึทื›ืขืŸ -- 
ืคืขืจืžืึทื›ื˜ ืขืจ. ืงื•ืžื˜ ื•ื™ื ื˜ืขืจ, ื“ืึทืจืฃ ืžืขืŸ ื–ื™ืš ืื•ื™ืกืฆื™ื”ืขืŸ ืคืืจ 
ืื™ื”ื, ืขืจ ื–ืึธืœ ื“ื•ืจื›ื—ื™ื™ืฆืขืŸ ื“ืึธืก ื‘ื™ืช-ืžื“ืจืฉ. ืื•ืŸ ืึทืžืึธืœ, ืึทืŸ ืขื 
ืงื•ืžื˜ ืื™ื”ื ืึธืŸ, ื–ืึธืœ ืขืจ ืื™ื™ืš ืึธื ื”ื™ื™ืฆืขืŸ, ืฐื™, ืœื—ื‘ื“ื™?, ืื™ืŸ ืึท ื‘ืึธืจ. 


ืึทืฉื˜ืฒื ืขืจ, ืœืึธื– ืึตื™ื™ืŸ ืึธืจืขืžืึทืŸ ืื•ื™ืกื ืขื”ืŸ, ื’ืขืฆื™ ื–ืึธืœ ืื™ื”ื ืœึนืึท- 
ื–ืขืŸ ืื™ื‘ืขืจื ืขื›ื˜ื™ื’ืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ืช-ืžื“ืจืฉ. ,ืึท ืฉื•ื—? ืื™ืŸ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืงื™ืŸ 
ื”ืงืจืฉ!? -- ื–ืึทื ื˜ ืขืจ ืื•ืŸ ื˜ืจืฒื™ื‘ื˜-ืึทืจืฑืก ืื™ืŸ ื“ืจื•ื™ืกืขืŸ ืึถื”ืŸ ื 
ื˜ืจืึธืคึผืขืŸ ืจื—ืžื ื•ืช. 

ืึทืŸ ืขืก ืงื•ืžื˜ ื“ื™ ืฆื™ื™ื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ื™ืžื™ืื ื•ืจืื™ื, ืคื™ื”ืจื˜ ื’ืขืฆื™ ื“ื™ 
ืžืžืฉืœื— ืื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ืช-ืžืจืจืฉ ื‘ื™ื“ ืจืžื”. ื”ืึธื˜ ืขืจ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืึตื™ื™ืšึฐ ื’ืขืฐืึธืจืคืขืŸ 
ืื™ื™ืŸ ืื•ืžื—ืŸ, ื•ื•ืขื ืื™ื”ืจ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืคึผื•ืขืœ'ืขืŸ ื‘ื™ื™ ืื™ื”ื, ืื– ืื™ืขืจ ื–ื•ื”ืŸ 
ืึธื“ืขืจ ืึตื™ื™ืขืจ ืื™ื™ื“ืขื ื–ืึธืœืขืŸ ื–ื™ืฆืขืŸ ื“ืึธืจื˜ืขืŸ, ื•ื•ืื• ื ื™ ื—ืจ ื•ื™ืœื˜; 
ื–ื™ื™ื ื–ื™ื›ืขืจ, ืึทื– ื–ื™ื™ ื•ื•ืขืœืขืŸ ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ื–ื™ืฆืขืŸ ื“ืึธืจื˜, ื•ื•ืื• ืข ืจ ื•ื™ืœ. ืื•ืŸ 
ืึทื– ืื™ื—ืจ ืฐืขื ืงื•ืžืขืŸ ืฆื•ื ื’ื‘ืื™ ืžื™ื˜ ื˜ืขื ื•ืช, ืฐืขื˜ ืžืขืŸ ืึตื™ืฃ 
ืขื ื˜ืคืขืจืขืŸ : 

-- ื’ืขื—ื˜ ืฆื•ื ื ื•ื‘ืขืจื ืึทื˜ืึธืจ, 

ื“ืึทืจืคื˜ ืื™ื—ืจ ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ื•ื•ื™ืกืขืŸ, ืึทื– ื“ืึธืก ืžื™ื™ื ื˜ ืžืขืŸ ื’ืขืฆื™ ื“ืขื 
ืฉืžืฉ. ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืื•ื™ื’ืขืŸ ื–ืึธื ื˜ ืžืขืŸ ืื™ื—ื ,ื“ื•", ืื•ืŸ ื—ื™ื ื˜ืขืจ ื“ื™ ืื•ื™ื ืขืŸ 
ื“ื•ืคื˜ ืžืขืŸ ืื™ื—ื , ื’ื•ื‘ืขืจื ืึทื˜ืึธืš?, 


218 | ืฉืœื•ื"ืขืœื•ื‘ื 


ืจืึธืก ืื™ื™ื ืขื ืข ืื™ื– ืกื•ื›ื•ืช ืžื™ื˜'ืฅืŸ ืืชืจื•ื . ืื™ื”ืจ ื•ื•ื™ืœื˜, ืขืจ ื–ืึธืœ 
ืึทื™ื™ืš ื‘ืจืขื ื’ืขืŸ ื“ืขื ืืชืจื•ื’ ืื™ืŸ ืกื•ื›ื” ืึทืจื™ื™ืŸ ื•ืืก ืคืจื™ื”ืขืจ --- ืึดื 
ื“ื•ืงื ื•ื•ื™ื™ืœ ืื™ื”ืจ ื•ื•ื™ืœื˜, ื™ืœ ืขืจ ื ื™ืฉื˜; ืื•ืŸ ืึทื– ืื™ื”ืจ ืฉืจื™ื™ื˜-ืึธืŸ 
ืื•ื™ืฃ ืื™ื”ื, ืฉืจื™ื™ื˜ ืขืจ ื ืึธืš ื”ืขื›ืขืจ : 

--- ืื™ื”ืจ ืงืึธื ื˜ ืฐืึทืจื˜ืขืŸ ! ืื™ืš ื”ืึธื‘ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืึตื™ื™ืš ืžืขื”ืจ ื’ืข" 
ืฐืึธืจื˜ ! 

ืงื•ืžื˜ ืื™ื”ืจ ืื™ืŸ ืฉื•ื”? ืึทืจื™ื™ืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืฉื˜ืขืœื˜ ืื™ื”ื ืฆื• ื ื‘ืขื ืงืขืœืข 
ืคึผืึทืจ'ืŸ ื’ื‘ืื™. ื–ืึธื’ื˜ ืึทื™ื™ืš ื“ืขืจ ื’ื‘ืื™: : 

--- ืฐื•ืึธื˜ ืงืึธืŸ ืžืขืŸ ื˜ื”ื•ืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ืึท ื’ื•ื‘ืขืจื ืึทื˜ืึธืจ ? 

ืื•ืŸ ืึทื–ืฑ ืื™ื– ื”ื•ืฉืขื ืื“ืจื‘ื” ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ ื”ื•ืฉืขื ื•ืช. ืื•ืŸ ืึทื–ืฑ ืื™ื– 
ื—ื ื•ื›ื” ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ ื—ื ื•ื›ื”-ืœื™ื›ื˜ืœืขืš, ืคึผื•ืจื™ื ืžื™ื˜'ืŸ ื ืจืื ืขืจ, ืคึผืกื— ืžื™ื 
ืžืฆื”-ืฉืžื•ืจื”, ืฉื‘ื•ืขื•ืช ืžื™ื ื’ืจื™ื ืก. ืื•ืžืขื˜ื•ื ืื™ื– ื ืขืฆื™. ืึทืœืกื“ื™ื ื’ 
ืื™ื– ื‘ื™ื™ ื ืขืฆื™'ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ื”ืขื ื“. ื ืขืฆื™ ื“ืขืจ ืฉืžืฉ ืคื™ื”ืจื˜ ื“ื™ ื’ืึทื ืฆืข 
ืฉื˜ืึธืจื˜, ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืœื˜ื™ื ื˜ ืื™ื‘ืขืจ ื“ืขืจ ืฉื˜ืึธื“ื˜. 

ืื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืฉื˜ืึธื“ื˜ ืœื™ื™ื“ื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ืื™ื”ื ื ืœื•ืช. ื“ื™ ืฉื˜ืึธืจื˜ ืœื™ื™ืจื˜, 
ื—ืึธื˜ืฉ ืžืข ืฐื•ื™? ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืœื™ื™ื“ืขืŸ. ืึท ืžืขื ืฉ ื”ืึธื˜ ื ื ืึทืœ. ืงื•ืžื˜ ืฉื‘ืช 
ืึธื“ืขืจ ื™ื•ื-ื˜ื•ื‘, ื‘ื™ืŸ ืžื ื—ื” ืœืžืขืจื™ื‘, ืžืข ืงืœื•ื™ื‘ื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืฆื•ื ื•ื™ืฃ ืื™ืŸ ืฉื•ื”ืœ 
ืื•ืŸ ืžืข ืฉืžื•ืขืกื˜. ื›ืœื™ื–ืžืŸ ืžืข ื“ืึทืฐืขื ื˜ ื ื™ืฉื˜, ื”ืึธื˜ ืžืขืŸ ืคื™ื™ืŸ ืžื•ืจื 
ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืคืืจ'ืŸ ืฉืžืฉ ืื•ืŸ ืžืข ืงืึธืŸ ืฉืžื•ืขืกืขืŸ ืคืจืึทื ืง ืื•ืŸ ืคืจื™ื™. โ€ ืงื•ืžื 
ืžืขืŸ ืึทืจืฑืฃ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื ืœื•ืช-ื’ืขืฆื™. ืคืจืขื ื˜ ืžืขืŸ ื–ื™ืš ืื™ื™ื ืก ื‘ื™ื™'ื ืึทื - 
ื“ืขืจืขืŸ: ,ืขืจ ืžืชื™? ื‘ื™ื– ืฐืึทื ืขืŸ ืฐื•ืขื˜ ืžืขืŸ ื˜ืจืึธื ืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื–ื™ืš ื“ืขื 
ื“ืึธื–ื™ื’ืขืŸ ื’ืœื•ืช ?"... ืื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจื‘ื™ื™ ื‘ืคื™ื™ื‘ื˜ ืžืขืŸ. ืฐืึธืก ืงืึธืŸ ืžืขืŸ ื˜ื”ื•ืŸ ? 
ืขืœืขื”ื™ื™ ื. ืจืฉืข ืึท ื’ื•ื‘ืขืจื ืึทื˜ืึธืจ, ื—ืึทื“ื—ืึท ! 

ื ืึธืจ ืื™ื™ืŸ ื˜ืึธื’ ืื™ืŸ ื™ืึถื”ืจ ืื™ื– ืคืึทืจื”ืึทืŸ, ืฐืึธืก ื’ืขืฆื™ื™ื ื•ื‘ืขืจื ืึท- 
ื˜ืึธืจ ื•ื•ืขืจื“ ืื•ื™ืก ืจืฉืข. ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ื˜ืึธื’, ื ืึธืจ ืึท ื”ืึทืœื‘ืขืŸ ื˜ืึธื’. 
ืขื˜ืœื™ื›ืข ืฉืขื”. ื“ืึธืก ืื™ื– ื“ืขืจ ื˜ืึธื’ ืคื•ืŸ ืขืจื‘ ื™ื•ื-ื›ืคึผื•ืจ, ื‘ืึทืœื“ ื ืึธื›'ืŸ 
ืื™ื ื“ืขืจืคืจื™ื”ื™ื’ืขืŸ ื“ืึทืฐื•ื ืขืŸ, ืื™ื™ื“ืขืจ ื“ืขืจ ืขื•ืœื ืฐื•ืขื˜ ืงื•ืžืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืฉื•ื—ืœ 
ืฆื• ื“ืขืจ ื’ืจื•ื™ืกืขืจ ืžื ื—ื” ืื•ืŸ ื–ื™ืš ืœืึธื–ืขืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ืื™ื”ื ืฉืœืึธื’ืขืŸ ืžืœืงื•ืช. 
ื“ืขืžืึธืœื˜ ื•ื•ืขืจื“ ื’ืขืฆื™ ืื•ื™ืก ืฉืžืฉ, ืื•ื™ืก ื’ื•ื‘ืขืจื ืึทื˜ืึธืจ. โ€ ืขืจ ืื™ื– 


ืžืขืŸ ืื™ื– ื–ื•ืš ืžื•ื”ืœ 2 
ืึธื ื ืขื˜ื”ืึธืŸ ื™ื•ื-ื˜ื•ื‘'ืจื™ื’ ืื•ืŸ ืœื•ื™ืคื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ืฉื˜ื•ื‘ ืฆื• ืฉื˜ื•ื‘, ืฆืขืœืึธื–ื˜ ื“ื™ 
ื’ืจืึธื‘ืข ืฉื•ื•ืึทืจืฆืข ืคึผืื•ืช, ืื™ื‘ืขืจื‘ืขื˜ืขืŸ ื“ื™ ื‘ืขืœื™-ื‘ืชื™ื, ื–ื™ืš ืžื•ื—ืœ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ. 

-- ื ื ื•ื˜ ื™ื•ื-ื˜ื•ื‘ ! ื˜ืึธืžืขืจ ื”ืึธื‘ ืื™ืš ืื™ื™ืš ืึธื ื’ืขืจื™ื”ืจื˜ ืžื™ื˜ 
ืึท ืงืจื•ื ืฐืึธืจื˜, ื‘ืขื˜ ืื™ืš ืื™ื™ืš ืื™ื‘ืขืจ ืื•ืŸ ื•ื•ื™ื ืฉ ืื™ื™ืš ื ื—ืชื™ืžื” 
ืžื•ื‘ื”. | 

ืขื ื˜ืคืขืจื˜ ืžืขืŸ ืื™ื”ื ืžื™ื˜ ื ื”ืืœื‘ืขืŸ ืžื•ื™?: ื’ื’ื ืืชื, ืœืึธืŸ 
ื’ืึธื˜ ืžื•ื—ืœ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ". -- ืžืข ื‘ืขื˜ ืื™ื”ื ื–ื™ืฆืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืžืขืŸ ืื™ื– ืื™ื”ื ืžื›ื‘ื“ 


ืžื™ื˜ ืœืขืงืึทืš. 


. 
ื–ื™ืคืขืœ ื“ืขืจ ื™ื•ืจืจ. 


ื–ื™ืกืข? ืื™ื– ืึตื™ื™ืŸ ืืœื˜ืขืจ ื‘ื—ื•ืจ, ื ื‘ืœืึทืกืขืจ, ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ืึท ื ืจื•ื™ืœื™ืš 
ื‘ืขืจื“ืข?. ืขึถืจ ื–ื™ืฆื˜ ืื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ืชื™ืžื“ืจืฉ ืžื™ื˜ ืึทืœึถืข ื‘ื—ื•ืจื™ื, ืฐืึธืก ืœืขืจ- 
ื’ืขืŸ. ื ืึธืจ ืขืฃ ืืœื™ื™ืŸ ืœืขืจืขื ื˜ ื ื™ืฉื˜. ืขืจ ื–ื™ืฆื˜ ื’ืœืึธื˜ ืึทื–ืฑ.. ืขืจ ื”ืึทืœื˜ 
ื–ื™ืš ืื•ื™ืฃ ืื™ืŸ ื‘'ืชื™ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ. ืขืจ ืื™ื– ืึทื™ื™ืŸ ืขืœืขื ื“ืขืจ. ืขืจ ืื™ื– ืึท ื™ื•ืจื“, 

ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืขืจ. ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื˜ืื˜ืข ืื™ื– ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ืึท ื™ื•ืจื“, ืึท ื ื’ืขืคืึทืœืขื ืขืจ ื ืข- 
ื‘ืืš. ืคื•ืžื˜ ืึทืจื•ื™ืก ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืฉืขื ืกื˜ืขืจ ืžืฉืคึผื—ื”. ืกืึทืžืข ื ื’ื™ื“ื™ื, 
ื‘ึผื‘ื™ืจื™ื, ืื“ื™ืจื™ื. | 

ื–ื™ืกืข? ื“ืขืจ ื™ื•ืจื“ ื”ืึธื˜ ื ืึธืš ื”ื™ื™ื ื˜ ืื•ื™ืš ืจื™ื™ื›ืข ืคืจื™ื™ื ื“ ื›ืžืขื˜ 
ืืข ืคื™ื™ื ืกื˜ืข ื‘ืขืœื™-ื‘ืชื™ื ืคื•ืŸ ืฉื˜ืึธื“ื˜ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ื ืข ืงืจื•ื‘ื™ื. 

ื ืกื‘ืจื”, ืึทื– ืจืขืจ ื ื ื™ื“ ืจื‘ ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข-ื”ืขืฉืข? ืึทืœึตื™ื™ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ื ืขืจ 
ืึท ืฉื ื™ื“ื‘ืฉืœื™ืฉื™, ื˜ืึทืงื™ ืึทึตื™ื™ืŸ ืื™ื™ื ืขื ืขืจ ื’ืœื™ืขื“-ื ืœื™ืขื“-ื’ืขืฉื•ื•ืขืกื˜ืขืจ- 
ืงื™ื ื“. ืœืึธื– ืขืจ ื ืึธืจ ื•ื•ืขืœืขืŸ, ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข-ื”ืขืฉืขืœ ื”ื™ื™ืกื˜ ื“ืึธืก, ืื•ื™ืก- 
ืจืขื›ืขื ืขืŸ ื–ื™ืš, ืฐื•ืขื˜ ืื™ื”ื ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ื–ื™ืกืขืœ? ื‘ืขื•ื•ื™ื™ื–ืขืŸ, ืฐืึธืก ืคืึทืจ ื ืึธื”ืขื ื˜ืข 
ืงืจื•ื‘ื™ื ื–ื™ื™ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ. 

ืขืจืฉื˜ืขื ืก, ืคื•ืŸ ื˜ืึทื˜ืขื 'ืก ืฆื“. ื–ื™ืกืขืœ'ืก ื–ื™ื™ื“ืข, ื“ืึธืก ื”ื™ื™ืกื˜, 
ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื˜ืึทื˜ืขื 'ืก ื˜ืึทื˜ืข, ืื‘ืจื—ื-ืžืจื“ื›ื™, ืื•ืŸ ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข-ื”ืขืฉืขืœ'ืก ื‘ืึทื‘ืข, 
ื“ืึธืก ื”ื™ื™ืกื˜, ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืžืึทืžืข'ืก ืžืึทืžืข, ืคื™ื™ื ืข-ืขื˜ืขืœ, ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ ื–ื™ืš ืึธื ื’ืข- 
ืงืขื”ืจื˜... | 

ื ืึธืจ ืฐืึธืก ืงื•ืžื˜ ืึทืจืฑืก, ืึทื– ืžืข ืœืึธื–ื˜ ืื™ื”ื ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืจืขื“ืขืŸ? 
ืžืข ื ื™ื˜ ืื™ื”ื ืึท ื ื“ื‘ื” ืื•ืŸ ืžืข ื”ื™ื™ืกื˜ ืื™ื”ื ื ืขื”ืŸ, ืืจื•ื™ืกื ืขื”ืŸ ื–ืึธืœ 
ืคื•ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ ื“ื™ ืคึผืึทืจืข, ื˜ืึทืงื™ ืคื•ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ื ืข ื”ื™ื™ื›ืข ืงืจื•ื‘ื™ื! ืื•ื™ืฃ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ื’ื•ื˜ 
ืึธืจื˜ ื–ืึธืœืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืฉื˜ืขื”ืŸ ! ืก'ื–ืึธืœ ื–ื™ื™ ืึธื ื”ื•ื™ื‘ืขืŸ ื’ืขื”ืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื”ื™ื™ื ื˜ 

200 


ืžืขืŸ ืื™ื– ื•ื™ืš ืžื•ื”ืœ 91 
ืึธืŸ ืื•ืŸ ื•ื•ื™ื™ื˜ืขืจ ืฉืœื™ื-ืฉืœื™ื-ืžื–? ืื•ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ ื–ืึธืœืขืŸ ืึทืจื™ื‘ืขืจืงื•ืžืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ 
ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืฉื˜ืึทื ื“, ืจื‘ื•ื ื• ืฉ? ืขื•ืœื ! 

ืึทื–ืฑ ื‘ืขื ื˜ืฉื˜ ื–ื™ืกืขืœ ื“ืขืจ ื™ื•ืจื“ ื–ื™ื™ื ืข ืจื™ื™ื›ืข ืงืจื•ื‘ื™ื, ื•ืึธื 
ื”ืขืœืคืขืŸ ื”ืขืœืคืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ ืื™ื”ื, ื ืึธืจ ื–ื™ื™ ืœืึธื–ืขืŸ ืื™ื”ื ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื™ 
ืื•ื™ื ื’ืขืŸ, ื–ื™ื™ ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ ืื™ื”ื ื”ื™ื™ื ื˜. ืึทื™ื™ืŸ ืึธืจืขืžืืŸ ื”ืึธื˜ ืžืขืŸ ืคื™ื™ื ื˜ --- 
ื“ืึธืก ืื™ื– ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ืึตื™ื™ืŸ ืึทืœื˜ืขืจ 523, 

ื–ื™ืฆื˜ ืขืจ ืื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ืช-ืžื“ืจืฉ ืื•ืŸ ื ืขืกืžื˜ ืงืฆื‘ื” ืื•ืŸ ืฉืขืœื˜ ืžื™ื˜ 
ื˜ื•ื™ื“ื˜ืข ืงืœืงื•ืช. ืขืจ ืฉื•ื•ืขืจื˜, ืึทื– ืขืจ ืฐืึธืœื˜ ื‘ืขืกืขืจ ื’ืขื ืื ื ืขืŸ ืืจ- 
ื‘ื™ื™ื˜ืขืŸ, ื”ืึธืœืฅ ื”ืึทืงืขืŸ, ืฐืึทืกืขืจ ื˜ืจืึธื’ืขืŸ, ื ืึธืจ ื•ื•ืื• ? 

ืขืจืฉื˜ืขื ืก, ืื™ื– ืขืจ ืึท ื™ื•ืจื“, ืึท ื˜ืื˜ืขื 'ืก ื ืงื™ื ื“, ืงื•ืžื˜ ืืจื•ื™ืก 
ืคื•ืŸ ืกืึทืžืข ื ื’ื™ื“ื™ื, ื’ื‘ื™ืจื™ื, ืื“ื™ืจื™ื. ืจื‘ ื™ื”ื•ืฉืข-ื”ืขืฉืขืœ ืึทืœืฒืŸ ื ืข= 
ื”ืขืจ ืื™ื”ื ืึถืŸ ื ืฉื ื™ื™ื‘ืฉืœื™ืฉื™.. 

ืื•ืŸ ืฆื•ื•ื™ื™ื˜ืขื ืก, ืื™ื– ืขืจ ืึท ืงืึทืœื™ืงืข. ืื™ื™ืŸ ืคื•ื ืื™ื– ื‘ื™ื™ ืื™ื”ื, 
ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืคืึทืจ ืื™ื™ืš ื’ืขื“ืึทื›ื˜, ืžืึทื“ื ืข ืืฑืกื’ืขื‘ื•ื™ื ืขืŸ. ืึทื–ืŸ ืขืจ ื ืขื”ื˜, 
ืฐืึทืจืคื˜ ืขืจ ืžื™ื˜ ืึท ืคื•ืก. ืขืก ืžืึธื”ืœื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืื•ื™ืก, ืึทื– ืขืจ ืื™ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื›ืขืก 
ืื•ืŸ ืฉืœื™ื™ื“ืขืจื˜, ืฐื•ื™ืœ ื’ืขื‘ืขืŸ ืžื™ื˜'ืŸ ืคื•ืก ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืฆื™ื™ื”ืŸ ืึทืจื™ื™ืŸ, 


ืื•ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื›ืขืก ืื™ื– ื–ื™ืกืขืœ ื˜ืึทืงื™ ืฉื˜ืขื ื“ื™ื’. ืขืจ ืื™ืŸ ื ื›ืขืกืŸ 
ื‘ื˜ื‘ืข. ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ืขืจ ื’ืึทื ืฆืขืจ ื•ื•ืขืœื˜ ืื™ื– ืขืจ ืึธื ื’ืขืฉื˜ื•ื™ืกืขืŸ,. ืื•ืŸ ืื™ื– 
ืืคืฉืจ ื ืึธืจ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืื•ืžื’ืขืจืขื›ื˜ ืื•ื™ืš,. ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืขื™-ื”ืจืข, ืื–ื ืžืฉืคื—ื” 
ืคื•ืŸ ืกืึทืžืข ื ื’ื™ื“ื™ื, ื’ื‘ื™ื“ื™ื, ืื“ื™ืจื™ื, ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ ืงืจืึทื ืง ืื•ื™ืกื”ืืœื˜ืขืŸ 
ื ื’ืขืคืึทืœืขื ืขื ืงืจื•ื‘ ืึท ืงืฉืœื™ืงืข, ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืœืึธื–ืขืŸ ืื™ื”ื ื’ืขื—ืŸ ืื™ื‘ืขืจ 
ื“ื™ ื”ื™ื™ื–ืขืจ, ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืœืึธื–ืขืŸ ืื™ื—ื ื•ืึทืœื ืขืจืขืŸ ื–ื™ืš ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ืขืจ ื”ื•ื™ืœืขืจ 
ื‘ืึทื ืง ืื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ืช-ืžื“ืจืฉ, ืึทื– ืคืจืขืžื“ืข ื‘ื—ื•ืจื™ื ื–ืึธืœืขืŸ ื“ืืจื›ืขืŸ ื ืขื”ืŸ ืคื•ืŸ 
ื–ื™ื™ื ืขื˜ื•ื•ืขื’ืขืŸ ืฆื•ื ื•ื™ืคื ืขืžืขืŸ ืึทืžืึธืœ ืืฑื™ืฃ ืึท ืžืœื‘ื•ืฉ, ืืžืึธืœ ืืฑืฃ ื 
ืคึผืึธืจ ืฉื™ืš, --- ืก'ื–ืึธืœ ื ืจื•ื— ืื™ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืขืจ ืคืึธื˜ืขืจ ืื•ืŸ ืžื•ื˜ืขืจ ืึทืจื™ื™ืŸ, 
ื˜ืึทืงื™ ื“ื™ ื“ืึธื–ื™ื’ืข ื‘ื—ื•ืจื™ื ! ืื™ื™ื“ืขืจ ืžืข ื‘ืขื˜ ื–ื™ื™ ืึตื™ื™ืŸ, ื–ื™ื™ ื–ืึทืœืขืŸ 
ืื™ื”ื ืžืึทื›ืขืŸ ืึท ื ื™ื™ืข ืงืึทืคึผืึธื˜ืข, ื™ืขื ืข ืื™ื– ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ืฆืขืจื™ืกืขืŸ-ืฆืขืคื™ืฆืขืœื˜ ! 
ืึธื“ืขืจ ืึธื ื ืขืžืขืŸ ื–ืึธื’ืข ืื•ื™ืฃ ื ื”ืขืžื“, ื ื™ื™ื”ืขืŸ ืฐืขื˜ ืขืจ ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ืึทืœื™ื™ืŸ 
ืื•ื•ืขืงื’ืขื‘ืขืŸ, ื ื™ื™ื”ืขืŸ ื–ืึธืœ ืžืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ ืชื›ืจื™ื›ื™ื ืึทืœืขืžืขืŸ, ืึทืœืข ืื™ื“ืขืŸ ืคื•ืŸ 


99 ืฉืœื•ืก-ืขืœื•ื›ื 


ืฉื˜ืึธื“ื˜ ! ืึท ืฉื˜ืึธื“ื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ืกืึทืžืข ืจืฉืขื™ื! ืกื“ื•ื! ืกื“ื•ื ืื™ื– ืึท 
ื”ื•ื ื˜ ืึทืงืขื’ืขืŸ ืื™ื”ืจ ! | 

ืึตื™ื™ืŸ ืึทื ื“ืขืจ ืฉื˜ืึธื“ื˜ ืฐืึธืœื˜ ืื™ืŸ ื–ื™ื ืขืŸ ื’ืขื”ืึทื˜: ืขืก ื–ื™ืฆื˜ ืึตื™ื– 
ืึทืœื˜ืขืจ ื‘ื—ื•ืจ, ืึท ื™ื•ืจื“ --- ืฐื•ืึธืก ืฐืขื˜ ืขืจ ืื•ื™ืกื–ื™ืฆืขืŸ? ื–ื™ื™ ื–ืึธืœืขืŸ 
ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืœื™ื™ื˜ื™ืฉืข ืžืขื ืฉืขืŸ, ืžื™ื˜ ืึท ื‘ืจืขืงืขืœ ื™ื•ืฉืจ ืื™ืŸ ื”ืึทืจืฆืขืŸ, ืฐืึธืœื˜ืขืŸ 
ื–ื™ื™ ื’ืขื–ืึธืจื’ื˜ ืคืึทืจ ื–ื™ืกืœืขืŸ ืขืคึผื™ืก ื ืฉื™ื“ื•ืŸ.. 

ื“ื™ ืžืฉืคึผื—ื” ืื™ื– ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืงืœื™ื™ืŸ ืฆื• ื’ืขื‘ืขืŸ ื ื“ืŸ, ื’ืขื‘ืขืŸ ื–ืึธืœ ื–ื™ 
ื ืึธื˜ ืงืจืขื ืง ืžื™ื˜ ืงื“ื—ืช, ืื•ืŸ ืึท ื›ืœื” ืฐืึธืœื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ื’ืขืคื•ื ืขืŸ.. 
ื ื™ืฉื˜ืึธ ื“ืขืŸ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ื’ืจืขืกืขืจืข ืงืึทืœื™ืงืขืก ืคื•ืŸ ืื™ื”ื, ืงืจื•ืžืข, ืฉื˜ื•ื˜ืข, 
ื‘ืœื™ื ื“ืข ? ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขืกื˜ื•ื•ืขื ืขืŸ, ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ ื“ืขืŸ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื—ืชื•ื ื” ื’ืขื”ืึทื˜ ? 

ืื•ื™ืฃ ืื™ื”ื, ืื•ื™ืฃ ื–ื™ืกืœืขืŸ, ืฐืึธืœื˜ืขืŸ ื–ื™ืš ื’ืขืคื•ื ืขืŸ ืฆืขื”ืŸ ื‘ืขืœื ื™ื 
ืคืึทืจ ืื™ื™ื ืขื. ื•ืขืŸ ื–ืฉืข? ืึทื– ืขืžื™ืฆืขืจ ื–ืึธืœ ืื™ื”ื ื˜ืจืึธื ืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืค'ืฅืŸ 
ืงืึธืคึผ, ื–ื™ืš ืึธืคึผื’ืขื‘ืขืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ืื™ื”ื. 

ืึธื˜, ืœืžืฉืง, ื“ืจืขื”ื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืึทืจื•ื ื‘ื™ื™ ื’ืขืฆื™ ื“ืขื ืฉืžืฉ ืึท ืžืฑืจ, 
ืึธืกื ืข ืจื•ืคื˜ ืžืขืŸ ื–ื™. ื–ื™ ืงื•ืžื˜ ืึทืžืึธืœ ืื•ื™ืกืงืขื”ืจืขืŸ ื“ืึธืก ื‘ื™ืช-ื”ืžื“ืจืฉ, 
ืึทืžืึธืœ ื•ืึทืฉืขืŸ ื“ื™ ื‘ืขื ืง. ืึท ื’ืขื–ื•ื ื“ืข ืžื•ื™ื“, ืึท ืฉืฐืึทืจืฆืข, ื“ืขืจ ืจื•ื— 
ื–ืึธืœ ื–ื™ ื ืขืžืขืŸ ... | 

ืึธืŸ ื–ื™ืกืœืขืŸ ืฐืึธืœื˜ ื–ื™ืš ื’ืขืฆื™ ืึธื ื’ืขื—ืึทืคึผื˜ ืžื™ื˜ ื‘ื™ื™ื“ืข ื”ืขื ื“. 
ื•ื•ืขืจ ืื™ื– ื’ืขืฆื™ ื“ืขืจ ืฉืžืฉ, ืื•ืŸ ืฐืขืจ ืื™ื– ื–ื™ืกืขืœ ื“ืขืจ ื™ื•ืจื“? ืขืจ 
ืฐื•ืึธืœื˜ ื ืึธืš ื’ืขืžืขื’ื˜ ืืฑืกืฉืœืึธื ืขืŸ ื‘ื™ื™ ืื™ื”ื ืึท ืงื ื™ืข ืขืจื“, ืึธื˜ ื“ืขืจ 
ืฉืžืฉ, ื ืจื•ื— ืื™ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื˜ืึทื˜ืขื 'ืก ื˜ืึทื˜ืขืŸ ืึทืจื™ื™ืŸ ! 

ื‘ืœืื˜ืข ! ื–ื™ืกืขืœ ืฐื•ืขื˜ ืึธื‘ืขืจ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื’ืขื”ืŸ ืฆื•ื ืฉืžืฉ ื–ื™ืš ืึธื " 
ืฉืœืึธื’ืขืŸ, ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื“ืขืจื”ืึทืจืขืŸ ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื“ืึธืก ื“ื™ ืฉื˜ืึธื“ื˜, ืงื•ืžืขืŸ ื–ืึธืœ ืื•ื™ืฃ 
ืื™ื”ืจ ืึท ืฉืจืคื”, ื ืžื’ืคื” ืื•ืŸ ื ื—ืœื™ืจืข ื”ื™ื™ื ื˜ื™ื ืขืŸ ื˜ืึธื’, ืจื‘ื•ื ื• ืฉืœ. 
ืขื•ืœื, ืก'ื–ืึธืœ ื–ื™ื™ ืื•ื™ืกืงื•ื™ืงืœืขืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ืื™ื™ืŸ ืขืง ื‘ื™ื–'ืŸ ืึทื ื“ืขืจืขืŸ !... 

ืึธื˜ ืึทื–ืฑ ืฉืขืœื˜ ื–ื™ืกืข? ื“ืขืจ ื™ื•ืจื“ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืžืฉืคึผื—ื” ืื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื’ืึทื ืฆืข 
ืฉื˜ืึธื“ื˜, ืฐืึธืก ื”ืึทืœื˜ ืื™ื”ื ืื•ื™ืก ืžื™ื˜ ืงืฆื‘ื”. 
| -- ืึท ืจืขืฉื˜ืข? ืฆื• ื“ื™ ืฆืจื•ืช ! --- ื–ืึธื’ื˜ ืžืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืื™ื”ื ืื™ืŸ 
ืฉื˜ืึธื“ื˜ ืื•ืŸ ืžืข ืœืึธื–ื˜ ืื™ื”ื ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืคืึทืœืขืŸ. ืžืข ื–ืขื”ื˜ ืื™ื”ื ื ืขืžืขืŸ 
ืื•ึนื™ืฃื” ืฉื‘ืช ืื•ืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื™ื•ื-ื˜ื•ื‘, ืึทืœืข ืžืึธืœ ืฆื• ืึตื™ื™ืŸ ืึทื ื“ืขืจ ื‘ืขืœ-ื”ื‘ื™ืช. 


ืžื˜ื• ืื•ื• ื–ื™ืš ืžื•ืชืœ 208 


ืžืข ื•ื•ื™ืœ ื™ื•ืฆื ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืคืึทืจ ืื™ื”ื --- ืคืืจื˜ ืึท ื™ื•ืจื“, ื ืขื›ืืš ื ื’ืข- 
ืคืึทืœืขื ืขืจ... 

ืื•ืŸ ื˜ืึธืžืขืจ ืคืขืจื’ืขืกื˜ ืžืขืŸ ื–ื™ืš ืึธืŸ ื–ื™ืกืœืขืŸ, ืื™ื– ื“ืึธ ื ืจืžืืœ 
ื‘ืขืœ-ืžืฉื’ื™ื— ืื™ืŸ ืฉื˜ืึธื“ื˜, ืฐืึธืก ื“ืขืจืžืึทื ื˜, ืœืื•ื˜ ื ื™ืฉื˜, ืžืข ื–ืึธืœ 
ืคึผืขืจื ืขืกืขืŸ ืึธืŸ ื“ืขื ื™ื•ืจื“, 

ืื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ื™ื•ืจื“ ืื™ื– ืื™ืŸ ื›ืขืก. ืขืก ืžืึธื”ืœื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืื™ื”ื ืื•ื™ืก, ืึทืŸ 
ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืžืฉืคึผื—ื”, ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื“ื™ ื‘ื—ื•ืจื™ื ืคื•ืŸ ื‘ื™ืช-ืžื“ืจืฉ, ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืจืคืืค 
ื“ืขืจ ื‘ืขืœ-ืžืฉื’ื™ื— --- ืงื™ื™ื ืขืจ, ืงื™ื™ื ืขืจ ืื™ืŸ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื’ืขื ื•ื’ ื™ื•ืฆื ืงืขื’ืขืŸ 
ืื™ื”ื.. ืื•ืŸ ืขืจ ืฉืขืœื˜, ืฉืขืœื˜ ื–ื™ื™ ืึทืœืขืžืขืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ื“ืขืจ ืชื•ื›ื—ื”! 

ืื™ื™ืŸ ื˜ืึธื’ ืื™ืŸ ื™ืึถื—ืจ ื ืึธืจ ืื™ื– ืคืืจื”ืึทืŸ, ื•ื•ืขืŸ ื–ื™ืคืข? ื“ืขืจ ื™ื•ืจืจ 
ืฉืขืœื˜ ื–ื™ืš ื ื™ืฉื˜. ื“ืึธืก ืื™ื– ื“ืขืจ ื˜ืึธื’ ืคื•ืŸ ืขืจื‘ ื™ื•ื"ื›ืคึผื•ืจ. 

ื“ืขื ื˜ืึธื’ ืคื•ืŸ ืขืจื‘ ื™ื•ื"ื›ืคึผื•ืจ ื˜ื—ื•ื˜ ื–ื™ืกืขืœ ืึถืŸ ื“ืึธืก ื ื™ื™ืข ื”ืขื˜ืจ, 
ื•ืฐืึธืก ืขืจ ืึทืœื™ื™ืŸ ื”ืึธื˜ ื–ื™ืš ื’ืขื’ืขื‘ืขืŸ ื ื™ื™ื”ืขืŸ, ืื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื ื™ื™ืข ืงืึทืคึผืึธื˜ืข, 
ืฐื•ืึธืก ื“ื™ ื‘ื—ื•ืจื™ื ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ ืื™ื”ื ื’ืขืžืึทื›ื˜, ืžื™ื˜ ื ืคึผืึทืจ ื’ืื ืฆืข, ื›ืžืขื˜ 
ื ืึธืš ื ืึธืจ ื ื™ื™ืข ืฉื˜ื™ื‘ืœืขื˜ืขืŸ, ืฐืึธืก ืจืคืืœ?ืœ ื‘ืขืœ-ืžืฉื ื™ื” ื”ืึธื˜ ืขืจื’ื™ืฅ 
ืื•ื™ืกื’ืขืžืึทื ื˜ืึทื˜ืฉืขื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ื ืขื˜ื•ืขื ืขืŸ, ืื•ืŸ ืขืจ ืœืึธื–ื˜ ื–ื™ืš ื ืขื”ืŸ ืคื•ืŸ 
ืฉื˜ื•ื‘ ืฆื• ืฉื˜ื•ื‘ ืฆื• ืื™ื™ื’ืขื ืข ืื•ืŸ ืฆื• ืคืจืขืžื“ืข, ืฉืœื™ื™ื“ืขืจืขื ื“ื™ื’ ืžื™ื˜'ืŸ 
ืงืจืึทื ืงืขืŸ ืคื•ืก, ืฆื• ืื™ื‘ืขืจื‘ืขื˜ืขืŸ ื“ืขื ืขื•ืœื, ื–ื™ืš ืžื•ื—? ื–ื™ื™ืŸ, ืึทืœืข 
ืื™ื“ืขืŸ ื’ืขื”ืขืŸ ื–ื™ืš ืกื•ื—? ื–ื™ื™ืŸ --- ืžื™ื˜ ืฐืึธื˜ ืื™ื– ืขืจ ืขืจื ืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ืึทืœืข ? 
ื“ืึธืก ืคึผื ื™ื ืื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ื™ ืื™ื”ื ื‘ืœืึทืก, ื•ื™ ืชืžื™ื“. ื“ืขืจ ืงื•ืง ืื™ื– ื‘ื™ื™? 
ืื•ืŸ ืขืจ ืจืขืจื˜ ืžื™ื˜ ื›ืขืก, ื•ื™ ืชืžื™ื“, ืื•ืŸ ื’ื™ื˜-ืึธืคึผ ื“ืขื โ€ ื ื•ื˜-ื™ื•ื" 
ื˜ื•ื‘" ืžื™ื˜ ืึทื–ืึท ื˜ืึธืŸ, ืฐื•ื™ ืขืจ ืฐืึธืœื˜ ื ืขืฉืึธืœื˜ืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื˜ืึทื˜ืขืŸ ืึทืจื™ื™ืŸ. 

-- ืึท ื’ื•ื˜ ื™ื•ืž-ื“ื˜ื•ื‘ ! ื˜ืึธืžืขืจ ื”ืึธื‘ ืื™ืš ืื™ื™ืš ืึธื ื’ืขืจื™ื”ืจื˜ ืžื™ื˜ 
ื ืงืจื•ื ืฐืึธืจื˜, ื‘ืขื˜ ืื™ืš ืื™ื™ืš ืื™ื‘ืขืจ, ืื•ืŸ ื•ื•ื™ื ืฉ ืื™ื™ืš ื ื—ืชื™ืžื” 
ื˜ื•ื‘ื—. 

ื–ื™ืกืขืœ ื—ื•ืกื˜ ืื•ืŸ ืงื•ืงื˜ ืื™ืŸ ื”ืึทื ื“ ืืจื™ื™ืŸ, ื˜ืึธืžืขืจ ืฐื•ืขื˜ ืžืขืŸ 
ืื™ื”ื ืขืคึผื™ืก ื’ืขื‘ืขืŸ. 

ืขื ื˜ืคืขืจื˜ ืžืขืŸ ืื™ื”ื ืžื™ื˜ ืึท ืฉืžื™ื™ื›ืขืœ: ,ื ื ืืชื, ืœืึธื– ื’ืึธื˜ 
ืžื•ื—? ื–ื™ื™ืŸ". --- ืžืข ื’ื™ื˜ ืื™ื”ื ื ื ื“ื‘ื” ืื•ืŸ ืžืขืŸ ืื™ื– ืื™ื”ื ืžื›ื‘ืจ 
ืžื™ื˜ ืœืขืงืืš, 


ื˜ื™ื˜ 1 4006 


: 
ืžืข ื”ื•ืœื™ืฉื˜ 


ื˜ืกืข 751 ืขืขื™ื–ื ืจื™ืฆืขื ื’ื˜ 
6 


ื˜ื™ืคึผืขืŸ ืฐืึธืก ืฉื˜ืึทืจื‘ืขืŸ:ืึธืค 


ื’ืขืฉืจื™ื‘ึผืขืŸ ืœื›ึผื‘ื•ื“ ืฉืžื—ืช:ืชื•ืจื” ื'ืŸ ื™ืึธื”ืจ 1911) 


ืฉืœื•ืื™ืขืœื™ื›ื ื‘ึผ. |{ืฉื 15 


ืขื˜ืœื™ื›ืข ื•ื•ืขืจื˜ืขืจ ื•ื•ืขื ืขืŸ ืจื™ , ื”ื•ืœื™ืึทืงืขืก". 


,ื—ื‘ืจื” ื—ื•ืœื™ืึทืงืขืก? --- ืึทื–ืฑ ืจื•ืคื˜ ืžืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ ื‘ื™ื™ ืื•ื ื–,. ื“ืึธืก 
| ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืื™ื“ืขืŸ ื“ื•ืงื ืฉื˜ื™ืœืข ืžืขื ืฉืœืขืš ืื•ืŸ ื“ื•ืงื ื ื™ืฉืงืฉื” ืคื•ืŸ ืึธืจืขืžืข 
ืœื™ื™ื˜ ืื•ืŸ ื’ืขื”ืขืจืขืŸ ื–ื™ืš ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืึธืŸ ืึท ื’ืึทื ืฅ ื™ืึธื”ึถืจ ืื™ื™ื ืก ืžื™ื˜' ืึทื - 
ื“ืขืจืขืŸ ื’ืึธืจื ื™ืฉื˜ ื ื™ืฉื˜; ื ืึธืจ ืึทื– ืขืก ืงื•ืžื˜ ืฉืžื—ืช-ืชื•ืจื”, ื•ื•ืขืจื“ 
ืžืขืŸ ืœืขื‘ืขื“ื™ื’-ืคืจื™ื™ืœื™ืš, ืื•ืŸ ื ืœื™ื™ืš ืฐื™ ืžืข ืฐืึธืœื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืื•ื™ืคื’ืขืจืขื“ื˜ : 
ืžืข ื ืขืžื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืึตืจื•ึนื ื ืึทื ืฅ ื‘ืจื™ื“ืขืจืœื™ืš ืื•ืŸ ืžืข ื’ืขื”ื˜ ืื™ื‘ืขืจ ื“ื™ 
ื’ืึทืกืขืŸ, ื˜ืึทื ืฆืขื ื“ื™ื’ ืื•ืŸ ื–ื™ื ื’ืขื ื“ื™ื’ ืคืจื™ื™ืœื™ื›ืข ื ื™ื ื•ื ื™ื ืื•ืŸ ืžืข ืžืึทื›ื˜ 
ืคืจื™ื™ืœื™ืš ื“ื™ ื’ืึทื ืฆืข ืฉื˜ืึธื“ื˜. ืžืข ืงื•ืžื˜ ืึทืจื™ื™ืŸ ืฆื• ืึทืœืข ื‘ืขืœื™-ื‘ืชื™ื 
ื’ื•ื ื™ื•ืก-ื˜ื•ื‘ ื‘ืขื˜ืขืŸ, ืžืข ืจื™ื™ืกื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืึทืจื™ื™ืŸ ืื•ื™ืš ืฆื• ื“ื™ ื ื’ื™ื“ื™ื ืื•ืŸ 
ืžืข ืžืึทื›ื˜ ื–ื™ื™ ื“ืขื ืคืจื™ื™ืœื™ื›ืขืŸ ืฉืžื—ืช-ืชื•ืจื—'ื“ื™ื ืขืŸ ืงื™ื“ื•ืฉ, ืื•ืŸ ื‘ืื™ืŸ 
ื‘ืจื™ืจื” ืžื•ื– ื ืขืฉื˜ืขืœื˜ ื•ื•ืขื“ืขืŸ ื•ื•ื™ื™ืŸ ืื•ื™ืค'ืŸ ื˜ื™ืฉ, ืึธื“ืขืจ ื‘ื™ืขืจ, ืึธื“ืขืจ 
ืคึผืฉื•ื˜'ืขืจ ื‘ืจืึธื ืคืขืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ืคืขืจื‘ื™ื™ืกืขืŸ, ืึทื ึดื™ื ืงืึธื ืขืŸ ื“ื™ ื”ื•ืœื™ืืงืขืก 
ืึทืœื™ืŸ ื ืขืžืขืŸ. ื–ื™ื™ ื•ื•ื™ื™ืกืขืŸ, ื•ืื•ื• ืฐืึธืก ืขืก ืฉื˜ืขื”ื˜. ื–ื™ื™ ืงืึธื ืขืŸ 
ื˜ื“ืขืคืขืŸ ืฆื•ื ืื•ื™ื•ื•ืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืึทืจื•ืฑืกื ืขืžืขืŸ ืฐืึธืก ืก'ืื™ื– ื“ืึธ, ืึทืจืฑืกืฆื™ื”ืขืŸ 
ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืฉืึทืคืขืก ื“ื™ ืึทื™ื™ื ื’ืขืžืึทื›ื˜ืกืขืŸ, ืึทืจืึธืคึผืœืึธื–ืขืŸ ื–ื™ืš ืื™ืŸ ืงืขืœืขืจ 
ืื•ืŸ ืึทืจืฑืคื˜ืจืึธื ืขืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืึธืจื˜ืขืŸ ื“ื™ ื ื•ื˜ืข , ื ืึทืœื™ื•ื•ืงืขืก" ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ 
ืฉืขื ืข ื’ืขื–ืึทืœืฆืขื ืข ืื•ื ืขืจืงืขืก ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ ืงืœื•ื ืข ื’ืขื–ื™ื™ืขืจื˜ืข ืึทืจื‘ื•ึนื–ืขืก, 
ืฐืึธืก ืฉื˜ืขื”ืขืŸ ื‘ื™ื™ ื“ื™ ื ื’ื™ื“ื™ื ืฆื•ื’ืขื ืจื™ื™ื˜ ืื•ื™ืค'ืŸ ื•ื•ื™ื ื˜ืขืจ, ืื•ืŸ ื ืึธืš 
ืึทื–ืขืœื›ืข ื–ืึทื›ืขืŸ, ืฐืึธืก ืก'ืื™ื– ื ืึธืจื ื™ืฉื˜ ืฆื• ื’ืœื•ื™ื‘ืขืŸ, ืึทื– ืื™ื“ืขืŸ ืงืึธื ืขืŸ 
ืื–ืขืœื›ืขืก ื˜ื”ื•ืŸ... 

ื“ืึธืก ืึทืœื™ื™ืŸ ืื™ื– ื ืึธืš ื’ืึธืจื ื™ืฉื˜, ืึทืžืึธืœ (ืื•ื™, ืึทืžืึธืœ !) ืคืœืขื ื˜ 
ืžืขืŸ ืึทืœื™ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืฉื›ื•ืจ, ืฐื•ื™ ืคื•ื˜, ืื•ืŸ ืื•ื™ืš ื“ื™ ,ื ืึทื˜ืฉืึทืœืกื˜ืฐืข" 

227 


298 ืฉืœื•ื"ืขืœื•ื›ื 


ืึธื 'ืฉื›ื•ืจ'ืขืŸ ืึทื–ืฑ, ืึทื– ื–ื™ ืคืœืขื ื˜ ื˜ืึทื ืฆืขืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ืึทืœืข ืื™ื“ืขืŸ, ืื™ืš 
ื‘ืขื˜ ืึทึตื™ื™ืš ืื™ื‘ืขืจ ืื™ืขืจ ื›ื‘ื•ื“, ืึถื”ืŸ ืงืึทืคึผืึธื˜ืขืก ื‘ื™ื™'ื ื ื’ื™ื“ ืื•ื™ื'ืฅืŸ 
ื“ืึทืš. โ€ ืื™ืฆื˜ ืื™ืŸ ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ืึทื ื“ืขืจืข ื™ืึธื”ืจืขืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ืึทื ื“ืขืจืข ,ื ืึทื˜ืฉืึทืœ- 
ืกื˜ื•ื•ืข". ืžืขืŸ ืื™ื– ื’ืขื”ืจืขืŸ, ืึทืŸ ื–ื™ ืœืึธื–ื˜ ื—ืึธื˜ืฉ ืื™ื“ืขืŸ ืื™ื™ืŸ ืžืึธืœ 
ืื™ืŸ ื™ืึถื”ืจ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืฉื›ื•ืจ ืื•ืŸ ื’ืขื”ืŸ ืคืจืึทื ืง ืื•ืŸ ืคืจื™ื™ ืคื•ืŸ ืฉื˜ื•ื‘ ืฆื• ืฉื˜ื•ื‘ ื™ 
ืื•ืŸ ื–ื™ื ื’ืขืŸ ืคืจื™ื™ืœื™ื›ืข ื ื™ื ื•ื ื™ื. ืฐืึธืจื•ื ืื™ืŸ ืึทื ื“ืขืจืข ืฉื˜ืขืจื˜, ื–ืึธื’ื˜ 
ืžืขืŸ, ื˜ืึธืจ ืžืขืŸ ื“ืึธืก ืื•ื™ืš ื ื™ืฉื˜... 

ืคืขืจืฉื˜ืขื—ื˜ ื–ื™ืš, ืึทื– ืคื•ืŸ ื™ืึถื”ืจ ืฆื• ื™ืึถื”ืจ ื•ื•ืขืจื“ ื‘ื™ื™ ืื•ื ืŸ ื“ื™ 
,ื—ื‘ืจื” ื”ื•ืœื™ืึทืงืขืก" ืฉื™ื˜ืขืจืขืจ ืื•ืŸ ืฐื•ื™ื ืฆื™ื’ืขืจ. ืึท ืกืš ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืก" 
ื ืขืฉื˜ืึธืจื‘ืขืŸ, ืื•ืŸ ื“ื™, ืฐืึธืก ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื’ืขื‘ืœื™ื‘ืขืŸ, ื”ืึทืœื˜ืขืŸ ื‘ื™ื™'ื ืึดืคึผื™ 
ืฉื˜ืึทืจื‘ืขืŸ. ื“ืขืจื™ื‘ืขืจ ืึตื™ื™ืœ ืื™ืš ืžื™ืš ื“ื™ ื“ืึธื–ื™ื’ืข ื‘ืขืจื™ื”ืžื˜ืข 
ื”ื•ืœื™ืึทืงืขืก ืฆื• ื‘ืขืฉืจื™ื™ื‘ืขืŸ, ื™ืขื“ืขืŸ ืื™ื™ื ืฆื™ื’ืขืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื˜ื™ืคึผ ืื•ืŸ 
ื‘ื™ื™ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื ืึธืžืขืŸ --- ืœืึธื– ื—ืึธื˜ืฉ ื‘ืœื™ื™ื‘ืขืŸ ืึท ื–ื›ืจ, ืึท ืกื™ืžืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขื, 
ื•ื™ ืžืข ื”ื•ืœื™ืขื˜ ื‘ื™ื™ ืื™ื“ืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื’ืœื•ืช, ืึทื– ืขืก ืงื•ืžื˜ ืฉืžื—ืช-ืชื•ืจื”. 


ืžืข ื”ื•ืœื™ื˜ื 


5 
ืืœื™ืง ื“ืขืจ ืžืขื›ืึทื ื™ืง, 


ืคืขืจืฉื˜ืขื”ื˜ ื–ื™ืš, ืึทื– ืขืจ ืื™ื– ืึท ืฉื ื™ื™ื“ืขืจ. ืื•ืŸ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื ืึธืจ 8 
'ืฉื ื™ื™ื“ืขืจ, ื ืึธืจ ื ืฉื ื™ื™ื“ืขืจืขืœ, ื“ึนืึดื ืžื™ื™ื ื˜, ืึทื– ืขืจ ืื™ ื ืงืœื™ื™ื ื™ื˜ืฉ- 
ืงืขืจ ืžื™ื ืงื•ืจืฆืข ืคื™ืกืขืœืขืš, ืžื™ื˜ ืงืœื™ื™ื ื™ื˜ืฉืงืข ื”ืขื ื˜ืขืœืขืš, ืžื™ื˜ ื 
ืงืœื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ืขืจื“ืขืœืข. ื ืึธืจ ืึท ืงื•ืœ ื”ืึธื˜ ืขืจ ื“ื•ืงื ืึท ื’ืขืžื‘ืข, ื ื‘ืึทืกืึทืฐืข 
ืฉื˜ื™ืžืข. ืึทืœืข ื•ื•ืื•ื ื“ืขืจืขืŸ ื–ื™ืš : ืฐื™ ืงื•ืžื˜ ืฆื• ืื–ื ืงืœื™ื™ืŸ ืื™ืจืขืœืข 
ืื–ื ื’ืขื“ื™ื›ื˜ืข ื‘ืึทืกืึธืฐืข ืฉื˜ื™ืžืข? ื ืึธืจ ืงืฉื™ื•ืช ืคืจืขื’ืขืŸ ืื™ื– ืงื™ื™ืŸ 
ืงื•ื ืฅ ื ื™ืฉื˜. ืœืžืื™ ืฐื™ ืงื•ืกื ืฆื• ืึทื–ื ืงืœื™ื™ืŸ ืื™ื“ืขืœืข, ืขืจ ื–ืึธืœ 
ืืจื™ื™ื ื’ื™ืกืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื–ื™ืš ืึทื–ืฑ ืคื™ืข? ื‘ืจืึทื ืžืขืŸ, ืื– ืขืก ืกื•ืžื˜ ืฉืžื—ืช" 
ืชื•ืจื” ? 

ืึธื‘ืขืจ ื˜ืึทืงื™ ื ืึธืจ ืฉืžื—ืช-ืชื•ืจื”. ื ื’ืื ืฅ ื™ึฐืึถื”ืจ ื˜ืจื™ื ืงื˜ ืขืจ 
ื ื™ืฉื˜ -- ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ืจืึธื ืคืขืŸ, ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ื•ื™ื™ืŸ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืกื—ืžืช 
ืขืจ ื”ืึทืœื˜ ื ื™ื˜ ืคื•ื 'ื ื‘ื™ื˜ืขืจืขืŸ ื˜ืจืึธืคึผืขืŸ, ื ืึธืจ ืื™ื‘ืขืจ ืื™ืŸ ืึทื ื“ืขืจ 
ื˜ืขื -- ืขืจ ื”ืึธื˜ ื ื™ืฉื˜. ืขืจ ืื™ื– ื ืขื‘ืึทืš ืึท ื’ืจื•ื™ืกืขืจ ืึธืจืขืžืึทืŸ. ืžืข 
ืงืึธืŸ ื–ืึธื’ืขืŸ, ืึทื™ื™ืŸ ืื‘ื™ื•ืŸ. ืงื™ื ื“ืขืจ, ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืขื™-ื”ืจืข, ื ืกืš, โ€ ืื•ืŸ 
ืฉืจื‘ื™ื™ื --- ืฐืึธืก ื ื™ืึธื”ืจ, ืฐืึธืก 86 ื™ืึถื—ืจ ื•ื•ื™ื ืฆื™ื ืขืจ. ืื™ื™ืŸ ืื•ื™ื- 
ื—ืึทืคึผืขื ื™ืฉ ื•ึฐืึถืœ ืงื•ืžืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืค'ืŸ ,ื’ืึทื˜ืึธืฐื™ืš ืคึผืœืึทื˜ื™ืขื”? } ื–ื™ื ื˜ ืขืก 
ื”ืึธื˜ ื–ื™ืš ื’ืขืขืคืขื ื˜ ืื™ืŸ ืฉื˜ืึธื“ื˜ ื“ืขืจ ื ืึทื˜ืึทืฐื™ืš ืคึผืœืื˜ื™ืขื•ื•", ืึทื™ื™ื - 
ื’ืขื–ื•ื ืงืขืŸ ื–ืึธืœ ืขืจ ื•ื•ืขืจืขืŸ, ืื•ืŸ ืก'ืื™ื– ื’ืขืฐืึธืจืขืŸ ื ืžืึธื“ืข ืคืึทืจื˜ื™ื’ืข 

229 


290 : ืฉืœื•ื-ืขืœื•ื›ื 


ืงืœื™ื™ื“ืขืจ, ืื•ืŸ ื ืึธืš ืื•ื™ืฃ ืืฑื™ืกืฆืึธื”ืœืขืŸ ื“ืขืจืฆื•, ื”ืึธื˜ ืืœื™ืง ื“ืขืจ 
ืžืขื›ืื ื™ืง ืคืขืจืœื•ื™ืจืขืŸ ืื™ื™ื ืฆื™ื ื•ื•ื™ื™ื– ืึทืœึถืข ื–ื™ื™ื ืข ื‘ืขืœื™ื“ื‘ืชื™ื. : 

ืฐืึธืœื˜ ื—ืึธื˜ืฉ ื“ืขืจ ,ื’ืึทื˜ืึธื•ื™ืš ืคึผืœืึทื˜ื™ืขืฐ", ืึท ืžื™ืชื”-ืคึผืึธื”ื™ื‘ืขืœ 
ื–ืึธืœ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืื™ื”ื ืงื•ืžืขืŸ, ื•ื•ืขืœืขืŸ ืฆื•ืฉืืจืขืŸ ื ืžืึธืœ ืึท ืฉื˜ื™ืงืขืœ ืึทืจื‘ืฒื˜. 
ืื™ื– ืฐื•ื™ ืœืึทื ื’ ืงืจืขื ืงื˜ ืขืจ ! ?ืžืื™ ื–ืึธืœ ืึท ืื™ื“ ืคืขืจื“ื™ืขื ืขืŸ ืึท ืฉื˜ื™" 
ืงืขืœ ื‘ืจื•ื™ื˜? ืึทืžืขื—ืจ, ืœืึธื– ืึท ื’ื•ื™ ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ ืคึผืจื ืกื”. ืึท ื ืฑ ืื™ื– 
ื‘ื™ืœื›ืขืจ. ื—ืึธื˜ืฉ ืืคื™ืœื• ืก'ืื™ื– ืึท ืคึผืขืจื“ืจืึธืกื™ื ื’ืข ื–ืึทืš. ืžื™ืœื, ืึทื– 
ืขืจ ื”ืึทืœื˜ ืึท ืฆื•ืฉื ื™ื™ื“ืขืจ ื ื ื•ื™, ืื™ื– ื—ืึทืคึผื˜ ืื™ื”ื ื‘ืขื ื™. ืึท ื’ืฑ ื 
ืฆื•ืฉื ื™ื™ื“ืขืจ ืฉื ื™ื™ื“ื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืึตื™ื™ืŸ ืึทื ื“ืขืจ ืคืึทืกืึธืŸ. ืึธื‘ืขืจ ืฉื˜ืขืคึผืขื›ื˜ืก ? 
ืคืขืจืฐื•ืึทืจืคืขื›ื˜ืก ?4 ืื•ื ื˜ืขืจื ื™ื™ื”ืขื›ื˜ืก ? ื“ืขืจื•ื™ืฃ ืžื•ื– ืžืขืŸ ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ืื•ื™ืš 
ืงื•ืžืขืŸ ืฆื•ื ื’ื•ื™ ? ืึตื™ื™ืŸ ืขืง! ืึทื™ื™ื ื ื™ื™ื”ืขืŸ ืึท ืงื ืขืคึผืขืœ, ืฆื•ืกื˜ืจื™ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ 
ืึท ื‘ืขื ื“ืขืœ, ืืฑืกืคึผืจืขืกืขืŸ ืึท ืงืึธืœื ืขืจ --- ื“ืึธืก ืงืึธืŸ ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ืื•ื™ืš ื ื™ืฉื˜ 
ืึท ืื™ื“ืจ? 
ืฐืึธืœื˜ ื“ืขืจ , ื ืึทื˜ืึธืฐื™ืš ืคึผืœืึทื˜ื™ืขืฐ", ื“ืขืจ ืฉืœืึทื’ ื–ืึธืœ ืึตื™ื”ึนื . 
ื˜ืจืขืคืขืŸ, ื—ืึธื˜ืฉ ืึทืœึตื™ื™ืŸ ื ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ื ื’ื•ื™. โ€ ืื™ื– ื ื™ื™ืŸ ! ื“ื•ืงื ื ืื™ื“, ืื•ืŸ 
ื ืึธืš ืฐืึธืกืขืจ ืึท ืื™ื“! ืึท ื›ืฉืจ'ืขืจ ืื™ื“ ืื•ืŸ ื”ื™ื™ืกื˜ ืจื‘ ืœื™ื™ื–ืขืจ. ืขืจ 
ืื™ื– ืึท ื’ืขื•ื•ืขื–ืขื ืขืจ ื—ื™ื™ื˜, ื ืึธืจ ื”ื™ื™ื ื˜ ืื™ื– ืขืจ ืึท ื‘ืขืœ-ื”ื‘ื™ืช, ืึท 
ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ื‘ื™ื™ ื ืึทื˜ืฉืึท?ืœืกื˜ืฐืข, ืื•ืŸ ืคึผืึธื”ืจื˜ ืึทืœืข ื–ื•ืžืขืจ ,ื–ืึทื’ืจืึทื ื™ืฆืข" 
ืื•ืŸ ื‘ืจืขื ื ื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืึธืจื˜ืขืŸ ืฆื• ืคื™ื”ืจืขืŸ ืึทืœืข ื™ืึถึธื”ืจ ื ื™ื™ืข ืžืึธื“ืขืก ืžื™ื˜ 
ื ื™ื™ืข ื–ืฉื•ืจื ืึทืœืขืŸ. ืื™ืŸ ืฉื•ื”? ื–ื™ืฆื˜ ืขืจ ืืฑื‘ืขื ืึธืŸ. ืขืœื™ื•ืช ืงื•ื™ืคื˜ 
ืขืจ ื–ื™ืš ื“ื™ ืคืขื˜ืกื˜ืข. ืฉื™ื“ื•ื›ื™ื ื˜ื”ื•ื˜ ืขืจ ื“ื™ ืฉืขื ืกื˜ืข. ืึทืŸ ืขืจ ืื™ื– 
ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ืึทืžืึธืœ ืึท ืฉื ื™ื™ื“ืขืจ, ื”ืึธื˜ ืขืจ ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ืœืึทื ื’ ืคืขืจื ืขืกืขืŸ. ื“ืขื 
ื ืึธืžืขืŸ ื—ื™ื™ื˜ ืงืึธืŸ ืขืจ ื’ืึธืจ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื”ืขืจืขืŸ. ืึท ,ื ืืฉ-ื‘ืจืื˜" ืœืึธื–ื˜ 
ืขืจ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื™ ืื•ื™ื ืขืŸ. ื˜ืจื™ื™ื‘ื˜ ืึธืจืขืžืข ืœื™ื™ื˜ ืžื™ื˜ ืฉื˜ืขืงืขื ืก. 
ืื•ืŸ ื’ืึธื˜ ื–ืขื”ื˜ ืื•ืŸ ืฉื•ื•ื™ื™ื’ื˜ ! 

ืื“ืจื‘ื—, ืฐืึธืก ืึท ื™ืึธื”ืจ, ื•ื•ืขืจื“ ,ืœื™ื™ื–ืขืจ ื’ืึทื˜ืึธืฐื™ืš ืคึผืœืึทื˜ื™ืขื•ื•" 
ืจื™ื™ื›ืขืจ. ืฆื• ืื™ื”ื ืฆื•ืฆื•ื˜ืจืขื˜ืขืŸ --- ื“ืึทืจืฃ ืžืขืŸ ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ื ืึธืจ ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ 
ืึท ื–ื›ื™ื” : ืึท ื ืœืขืงืข? ื‘ื™ื™ ื“ืขืจ ื˜ื”ื™ืจ ! 

ืึท ื’ืœื™ืง, ืฐืึธืก ืก'ืื™ื– ื—ืึธื˜ืฉ ืคืึทืจื”ืึทืŸ ืื™ื™ืŸ ื˜ืึธื’ ืื™ืŸ ื™ืึธื”ืจ 
ืื–ืขืœื›ืขืจ, ืฐืึธืก ืžืข ืงืึธืŸ ื“ืขืžืึธืœื˜ ืฆื• ืื™ื”ื ืฆื•ื˜ืจืขื˜ืขืŸ; ืึดื”ืŸ ื–ื›ื•ืช- 


ืžึฟืข ื”ื•ืœื™ืขืž 281 


ืึธื‘ื•ืช'ืขืŸ, ืึดื”ืŸ ื ืœืขืงืœืขืš, ืึถื—ืŸ ืงืœื™ื ื’ืขื ื™ืฉ. ื“ืึธืก ืื™ื– ื“ืขืจ ื˜ืึธื’ ืคื•ืŸ 
ืฉืžื—ืช-ืชื•ืจื”. 

ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจืคืจื™ื—, ื‘ืขืช ืึทื ื“ืขืจืข ืื™ื“ืขืŸ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื ืึธืš ืื™ืŸ ืฉื•ื—ืค, 
ืื™ื– ืืœื™ืง ื“ืขืจ ืžืขื›ืึทื ื™ืง, ืฐื™ ื“ื™ ื’ืึทื ืฆืข ื—ื‘ืจื— ื”ื•ืœื™ืึทืงืขืก, ืœืึทื ื’ ืื™ืŸ 
ืึธืคึผื’ืขื“ืึทืฐืขื ื˜ืขืจ, ืื™ื™ืŸ ืื•ื™ืกื’ืขื˜ืจื•ื ืงืขื ืขืจ ืื•ืŸ ืึทึตื™ื™ืŸ ืื™ื‘ืขืจื ืขื‘ื•- 
ืกืขื ืขืจ, ืื•ืŸ ืžืข ื’ืขื”ื˜ ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ืึทืจื•ืžื ืขื ื•ืžืขืŸ ืืœืข ืžื™ื˜ ื ื’ืขืึทื ื’ 
ืื™ื‘ืขืจ ื“ื™ ื’ืึทืกืขืŸ, ืคื•ืŸ ืื™ื™ืŸ ื ื’ื™ื“ ืฆื•ื ืึทื ื“ืขืจืขืŸ, ื ื•ื˜ ื™ื•ื-ื˜ื•ื‘ ื‘ืขื˜ืขืŸ. 
ืื•ืŸ ืฆื•ื ืึทืœืขื ืขืจืฉื˜ืขืŸ ื’ืขื”ื˜ ืžืขืŸ ืฆื•ื ื ื™ื™ืขื ื ื’ื™ื“, ,ืจื‘ ืœื™ื™ื–ืขืจ 
ื ืึทื˜ืึธึทื•ื™ืš ืคึผืœืึทื˜ื™ืขืฐ?" (ืœื›ื‘ื•ื“ ืฉืžื—ืช-ืชื•ืจื” ื”ืึธื˜ ืžืขืŸ ืึทืจืึธืคึผื’ืข- 
ื ื•ืžืขืŸ ื“ืึธืก ื’ืœืขืงืข? ืคื•ืŸ ื˜ื”ื™ืจ),. ืคื•ืŸ ื’ืึทื ืฅ ืคืจื™ื— ืึธืŸ ืฉื˜ืขื”ื˜ ืฆื•- 
ื’ืขื’ืจื™ื™ื˜ ืื•ื™ืค'ืŸ ื˜ื™ืฉ ื‘ืจืึธื ืคืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ ื‘ื™ืขืจ ืื•ืŸ ื•ื•ื™ื™ืŸ 8 ืคืœืขืฉืขืœ ืžื™ื˜ 
ืึทืœืขืจืœืฒื™ ืคืขืจื‘ื™ื™ืกืขื›ืฆืขืŸ. ืจื‘ ืœื™ื™ื–ืขืจ ืึทืœื™ื™ืŸ ื ืขื”ื˜ ื–ื™ื™ ืึทืงืขื’ืขืŸ ืžื™ื˜ 
ืึท ืคืึทืจื˜ื™ื’ ืฉืžื™ื™ื›ืขืœืข ืื•ืŸ ื‘ืขื˜ ืืœื™ืง'ืขืŸ, ืขืจ ื–ืึธืœ ืžืึทื›ืขืŸ ืงื™ื“ื•ืฉ. 
ื˜ื”ื•ื˜ ืื™ื”ื ืืœื™ืง ืฆื•ืœื™ืขื‘ ืื•ืŸ ืžืึทื›ื˜ ื“ืขื ื‘ืจื™ื™ื˜ืขืŸ ื™ื•ื-ื˜ื•ื‘'ื“ื™ื ืขืŸ 
ืงื™ื“ื•ืฉ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื’ืจืึธื‘ืขืจ ื‘ืึทืกืึธืฐืขืจ ืฉื˜ื™ืžืข, ื“ืจืขื”ื˜ ืื•ืŸ ืฆื™ืงืขืœื˜ 
ื–ื™ืš ืžืขืฉื— ื—ื–ืŸ, ืื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื—ื‘ืจื” ื—ื•ืœื™ืึทืงืขืก ืขื ื˜ืคืขืจื˜ ืื™ื”ื ืžื™ื˜ืฅ 
ื›ืึธื—ืจ, ื•ื™ ื–ื™ื ื’ืขืจืœืขืš ื“ืขื ื—ื•ืŸ : 

-- ืึท - ืึท - ืึธื“ ืž -|ืŸ ! 

,ืœื™ื™ื–ืขืจ ื ืึทื˜ืึธื•ื™ืš ืคึผืœืึทื˜ื™ืขืฐ" ืงืœื•ื™ื‘ื˜ ื›ืœื•ืžืจืฉื˜ ื ื—ืช ืคื•ื 'ื 
ืงึดื™ื“ื•ึนืฉ, ืื•ืŸ ืœื™ื™ื–ืขืจื™ื›ืข ื›ืœื•ืžืจืฉื˜ ืงื•ื•ืขืœื˜ ืื•ื™ืš, ืฆื™ื˜ืขืจื˜, ืžืข ื–ืึธืœ 
ืื™ื—ืจ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืคืขืจื ื’ื™ืกืขืŸ ื“ืึธืก ื˜ื™ืฉื˜ื•ืš, ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืฆืขื‘ืจืขื›ืขืŸ ื ื’ืœืขื•ืขืœ, 
ืึธื“ืขืจ ื—ืœื™ืœื—ืช ืึทึตื™ื™ืŸ ืึทื ื“ืขืจ ืฉืึธื“ืขืŸ. ืื•ืŸ ื‘ื™ื™ื“ืข ืฉืขืฆืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ ื–ื™ืš 
ื’ืœื™ืงืœื™ืš, ืึทื– ื–ื™ื™ ื“ืจืขื”ืขืŸ ื–ื™ืš ืึทืจืฑืก ืคื•ืŸ ืืœื™ืง'ืขืŸ ืึถื”ืŸ ืึท ืกืงืื ื“ืึทืค. 
ืฐื•ืึธืจื•ื ืืœื™ืง ื“ืขืจ ืžืขื›ืึทื ื™ืง, ืึทื– ืขืจ ืื™ื– ืจืขื›ื˜ ืื•ื ื˜ืขืจ'ืŸ ื’ืœืขื–ืขืค 
ืื•ืŸ ืฐืขืจื“ ื’ื•ื ืคืขืจืงื ืึทืงื˜, ืงืึธืŸ ืขืจ ื“ืขืจืฆืขื—ืœืขืŸ ื“ืขื ื ื™ื™ืขื ื ื’ื™ืš 
ืกื™ืื•ืกืข ืžืขืฉื™ื•ืช. ืขืจ ืงืึธืŸ ืื™ื”ื ืึธื ื ืขืžืขืŸ ืคืึทืจ ืึท ื”ืึทื ื“ ืื•ืŸ ื–ืึธื’ืขืŸ 
ืื™ื”ื ื“ืขื ื’ืึทื ืฆืขืŸ ืคึผืกื•ืง ื’ืึทื ืฅ ืื™ื™ื“ืขืœ ืื•ืŸ ืคืขืจืฉื˜ืขืœื˜ : 

--- ื”ืขืจ ื–ืฉืข ืื•ื™ืก, ื‘ืจื•ื“ืขืจ ื ืึทื˜ืึทืฐื™ืš ืคึผืœืึทื˜ื™ืขื•ื•ึผ! ื”ืึธื˜ืฉ 
ื“ื• ื‘ื™ื–ื˜ ื“ื™ ื›ืคึผืจื” ืคื˜ืจ ืึท ื’ื•ื™, ื“ื™ ื›ืคึผืจื” ืžืขื ืกื˜ ื“ื• ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืคืืจ ืึทืœืข 
ื’ื•ื™ื™ื, ืื•ืŸ ื—ืึธื˜ืฉ ื“ื• ื”ืึธืกื˜ ืคื™ื™ื ื˜ ืึท ืื™ื“ืขืŸ ืขืจื ืขืจ ื•ื™ ืึท ืื™ื“ ื—ื–ื™ืจ, 


89 ืฉืœื•ื-ืขืœื•ื›ื 


ื ืึธืจ ืึทื–ืฑ ื–ื™ ืžื™ืจ ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ ื”ื™ื™ื ื˜ ื™ื•ื-ื˜ื•ื‘ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ืขืจ ื’ืื ืฆืขืจ ืฐืขืœื˜, 
ืื•ืŸ ืึทื–ืฑ ืฐื™ ื“ื• ื”ืึธืกื˜ ืื•ื ื– ืžื›ื‘ื“ ื’ืขื•ืขืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ืœืขืงืืš ืื•ืŸ 
ื‘ืจืึทื ืคืขืŸ, ื˜ืึธ ืœืึธืžื™ืจ ื˜ืจื™ื ืงืขืŸ ืœื—ื™ื™ื, ืื•ืŸ ืœืึธืžื™ืจ ื–ื™ืš ื•ื•ื™ื ืฉืขื•ื•ืขืŸ 
ื“ืขืจืœืขื‘ืขืŸ ืื™ื‘ืขืจืึทื™ืึธื”ืจ ืฉืžื—ืช-ืชื•ืจื”, ืื•ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืื™ื™ื’ืขื ืข ืื™ื“ืขืŸ 
ืฐื•ืึธืก ืžื™ืจ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ, ืื•ืŸ ืœืึธืžื™ืจ ื–ื™ืš ืฆืขืงื•ืฉืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืคึผื™ืกืงืœืขืš, ืื•ืŸ 
?ืึธื– ื“ื™ ื•ื•ืขืœื˜ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื•ื•ื™ืกืขืŸ, ืึทื– ื“ื• ื‘ื™ื–ื˜ ืึท ื—ื™ื™ื˜ ื‘ืŸ ื—ื™ื™ื˜, ืื•ืŸ ืึท 
ืคึผืึทืจืš, ืื•ืŸ ื ืฉื•ื ื-ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ืื•ืŸ ื ืจื•ื— ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืฉื•ื ืื™ืž'ืก ื˜ืื˜ืขื 'ื˜ 
ื˜ืึทื˜ืขืŸ ืืจื™ื™ืŸ ! 

ืึธืคึผื’ืขืคืึทืจื˜ื™ื ื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืžื™ื˜'ืŸ ื ื™ื™ืขื ื ื’ื™ื“, ืœืึธื•ื˜ ื–ื™ืš ื”ื‘ืจื” ื”ื•- 
ืœื™ืึทืงืขืก ืžื™ื˜ ื ื’ืขื–ืึทื ื’ ืฆื• ื“ื™ ืื™ื‘ืขืจื™ื ืข ื ื’ื™ื“ื™ื. ื“ืึธืจื˜ ืฐืขืจื“ 
ื“ืขืจ ืงื™ื“ื•ืฉ ืื™ื‘ืขืจื’ืข'ื—ื–ืจ'ื˜ ื ืึธืš ืึท ืžืึธืœ ืกื™ื˜'ืŸ ื–ืขืœื‘ืขืŸ ืคึผืึทืจืื“ ืื•ืŸ 
ืžื™ื˜'ืŸ ื›ืึธื”ืจ. ื“ืขืจืฆื• ื•ืฐื•ืขืจื“ ืฆื•ื’ืขื–ืขืฆื˜ ื ืึธืš ืึท ืคึผืึถืจ ืฉื˜ื™ืงืœืขืš ืคื•ืŸ 
ื™ืžื™ื ื ื•ืจืื™ื, ืฐืึธืก ืืœื™ืง ืื™ื– ื“ืขืจื•ื™ืฃ ื ื’ืจื•ื™ืกืขืจ ืงื™ื ืฆืœืขืจ, ืื•ืŸ ืึทื– 
ืื™ื”ืจ ืฐื•ืขื˜ ืื™ื”ื ืฉื˜ืืจืง ื‘ืขื˜ืขืŸ, ื•ื•ืขื˜ ืขืจ ืึทื™ื™ืš ื‘ืขื•ื•ื™ื™ื–ืขืŸ, ื•ื™ 
ืึทื–ืฑ ืึทื™ื™ืŸ ืขืจืฉื˜ืœื™ื ื’ ื’ืขื”ื˜ ืฆื• ืงื™ื ื“, ืื•ืŸ ื ืึธืš ืื–ืขืœื›ืข ืฉื˜ื™ืง, ืึทื‘ื™ 
ืฆื• ืžืฉืžื— ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื“ืขื ืขื•ืœื, ืžืึทื›ืขืŸ ืื™ื”ื ืœืขื‘ืขื“ื™ื -ืคืจื™ื™ืœื™ืš, ืฐืึธืจื•ื 
ืก'ืื™! ืฉืžื—ืช-ืชื•ืจื” -- ืื•ืŸ ืฉืžื—ืช-ืชื•ืจื” ื“ืึทืจืฃ ืžืขืŸ ื”ื•ืœื™ืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ 
ื”ื•ืœื™ืขืŸ, 


5 
ืงืืคึผืขืœ ื‘ืขืœ-ืžื•ืฃ, 


ืื–ื•ื™ ืจื•ืคื˜ ืžืขืŸ ืื™ื—ื ื“ืขืจืคืึธืจ, ื•ื•ื™ื™? ืขืจ ื”ืื˜ 8 ื’ืจืฑื˜ืขืŸ 
ืฉื˜ืขืจืŸ ืื•ืŸ ื ื’ืœืื ืฆืขื ื“ื™ื’ืขืŸ. ,ืึท ืฉื˜ืขืจืŸ, ื•ื™ ื‘ื™ื™ 8 ืžื™ื ื™ืกื˜ืขืจ,, -- 
ื–ืื’ื˜ ืžืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืื™ื—ื. ืงืึธืคึผืขืœ ืื™ืŸ ืึธื‘ืขืจ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืžื™ื ื™ืกื˜ืขืจ. 
ืงืึธืคึผืขืœ ืื™ื– ื˜ ื‘ืขืœื™ืžืœืื›ื”. 6 ืฉื•ืกื˜ืขืจ ืื™ืŸ ืขืจ. 

ื‘ื˜ื‘ืข ืื™ืŸ ืงืึธืคึผืขืœ ื ืื™ืจ ืึท ื‘ืขืœ ืžืจื”-ืฉื—ื•ืจื”. ืฉื˜ืขื ื“ื™ื™ 
ืคืขืจื–ืึธืจื’ื˜, ืคืขืจ'ื—ื•ืฉื‘'ื˜, ืึธืคึผื’ืขืจื™ืกืขืŸ, ื’ืขืฉื˜ื™ืžื˜ ื˜ืจื•ื™ืขืจื™ื’, ืคืขื˜ื™- 
ืžื™ืกื˜ื™ืฉ. 

ืžื•ืŸ ืฐืึทื ืขืŸ ื ืขืžื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืขืก 4 ืืคืฉืจ ื“ืขืจืคื•ืŸ, ื•ืืก ืขืจ ืกื•ืงื˜ 
ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ืขืจ ื•ื•ืขืœื˜ 53 ื™ืžื™ื• ืคื•ืŸ ืึท ืคื™ื ืกื˜ืขืจืขืŸ ืงืขืœืขืจ 4 ื“ืึธืจื˜ ืื™ืŸ 
ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืฐื•ืึทืจืฉื˜ืื˜, ื“ืึธืจื˜ ืงืœืึธืคื˜ ืขืจ ืคืœืขืงืœืขืš. ื“ืึธืจื˜ ืื™ื– ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ื™ื, 
ื“ืึธืจื˜ ืœืขื‘ื˜ ืขืจ ืฉื•ืกื˜ืขืจื™ื™ ืื™ื– ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืฉื ื™ื™ื“ืขืจื™ื™. = ืฉื ื™ื™ื“ืขืฃ 
ืžื•ื– ื”ืื‘ืขืŸ ืœื™ื›ื˜ ; 8 ืฉื•ืกื˜ืขืจ ืงืึธืŸ ื–ื™ืš ื‘ืขื’ืขื”ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืžื™ื ืกื˜ืขืจ. 

ื“ืึธืก ื”ื™ื™ืกื˜, ืึทืŸ ืžืข ื•ื•ื™ืœ ืฆื•ืจื™ืง, ื‘ืขื“ืืจืฃ ื ืฉื•ืกื˜ืขืจ ืื•ื™ืš ืฆืŸ 
ื–ืขื”ืขืŸ, ื•ื•ืื•ื”ื™ืŸ ืขืจ ืฉื˜ืขื›ื˜ ืžื™ื˜ ื“ืขืจ ื ืึธืœ ืื•ืŸ ื•ื•ืื•ื–ื™ืŸ ืขืจ ืงืœืืคึผื˜ 
ื ืคืœืขืงืขืœ. ื ืึธืจ ื“ืขืจืฆื• ืื™ื– ื’ืขื ื•ื’ ื ืงืœื™ื™ืŸ ืคืขื ืกื˜ืขืจืขืœ, ื ืงื•ื•- 
ื˜ื™ืจืขืค, ืฐืึธืก ืงื•ืงื˜ ื“ื•ืจืš ื ื’ืขืœ-ื’ืจื™ื ื‘ืœื™ืš ื’ืœืึธื– ืื™ืŸ ื“ืจื•ื™ืกืขืŸ ืฆืจื•ื™ื. 
ื ื˜ืขื ืฉ, ืฐืึธืก ื–ื™ืฆื˜-ืึธืค ืฉึทื–ื™ ืคื™ืขืœ ื™ืึธื”ืจืขืŸ ืืฑืฃ ื ืงื™ื™ืœืขื›ื™ื’ 
ืœืขื“ืขืจืŸ ื–ืขืกืขืœ ืื•ืŸ ืงืœืึธืคึผื˜ ืžื™ื˜ืฅ ื”ืืžืขืจ ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืคื™ื ืกื˜ืขืจ, ืงืึธืŸ 
ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืกื™ื™ืŸ ืืคึผื˜ื™ืžื™ืกื˜. 

ืื•ืŸ ืืคืฉืจ ื ืขืžื˜ ื–ื™ืš ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืžืจื”-ืฉื—ื•ืจื” ื“ืขืจืคื•ืŸ,, ืฐืึธืก ื’ืึธื˜ 
ื”ืึธื˜ ืื™ื”ื ื’ืขื‘ืขื ืฉื˜ ืžื™ื ื ื•ื•ื™ื™ื‘ ืึท ืฆืจื”, ืฐืึธืก ืื—ื•ืฅ ื“ืขื, ืฐืึธืก 
ื–ื™ ื‘ืขื ืจืึธื›ื˜ ืื™ื”ื ืึท ืœืขื‘ืขื“ื™ื’ืขืŸ, ื”ืึธื˜ ื–ื™ ืื™ืŸ ื–ื™ืš ื ื™ื™ืขืŸ ืžืึธืก ืจืขืจ, 
ื“ืึธืก ืžื•ื™? ืžืึทื ื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืื™ื—ืจ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืฆื•? 


41 


284 ืฉืœื•ื-ืขืœื•ื‘ื˜ 


ืฉืจื” ื“ื™ ื–ืึธื’ืขืจื™ืŸ?" --- ืึทื–ืฑ ืจื•ืคื˜ ืžืขืŸ ื–ื™ ืฆื•ื•ื™ืฉืขืŸ ื“ื™ ืฉื›ื ื™ื, 
ืฐืึธืจื•ื ื–ื™ ื”ืึธื˜ ื ืžืขื ื”-ืœืฉื•ืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืจืขื“ื˜ ืึถื”ืŸ ืึตื™ื™ืŸ ืึธืคึผืฉื˜ืขืœ. ืขืก 
ื’ืขื”ื˜ ื‘ื™ื™ ืื™ื”ืจ ื ื’ืขื‘ื•ื ื“ืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ ื’ืขืงื™ื™ื˜ืขืœื˜, ืื•ืŸ ืขืก ืœืึธื–ื˜ ื–ื™ืš ื‘ื™ื™ 
ืื™ื”ืจ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืื•ื™ืก, ื•ื™ ืคื•ืŸ ืึท ืงืฐืึทืœ. 

ืžื™ืจ ืงืึธื ืขืŸ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืคืึธื“ืขืจืขืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ืื•ื ื–ืขืจ ืคืจื™ื™ื ื“ ืœืขื–ืขืจ, ืึทื– ืขืจ 
ื–ืึธืœ ืื•ื ื– ื ืœื•ื™ื‘ืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื ืืžื ื•ืช. ืขืจ ืื™ืŸ ืขืก ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืžื—ื•ื™ื‘. ืจืข- 
ื“ื™ื‘ืขืจ ื’ืขื‘ืขืŸ ืžื™ืจ ื“ืึธ ื ืžื•ืกื˜ืขืจ ืคื•ื 'ื ืžืขื ื”-ืœืฉื•ืŸ, ืฐืึธืก ,, ืฉืจื” 
ื“ื™ ื–ืึธื’ืขืจื™ืŸ" ืœืขื’ื˜-ืึทื•ื•ืขืง ืื™ืŸ ืึท ืฉืขื ืขื ืคืจื™ื”ืžืึธืจื’ืขืŸ, ื‘ืขืช ืงืึธืคึผืขืœ 
ืงืœืึธืคึผื˜ ืžื™ื˜'ืŸ ื”ืึทืžืขืจ ืื•ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ื ืข ืฆื•ื•ื™ื™ ืฉื•ืกื˜ืขืจ-ื™ื•ื ื’ืขืŸ ื”ืขืœืคืขืŸ 
ืื™ื”ื ืื•ื ื˜ืขืจ, ืื™ื™ื ืขืจ ืฆื™ื”ื˜ ื ื“ืจืื˜ื•ื•ืข ืื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืึทื ื“ืขืจืขืจ ืคึผื•ืฆื˜ 
ืึท ืคึผืึธื“ืขืฉื•ื•ืข. ืžื™ื™ื ื˜ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ;: ืฉืจื— ืึทืœื™ื™ืŸ ื–ื™ืฆื˜ ืื•ื™ืš ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืฆื•ื ื•ื™ื" 
ื’ืขืœืขื ื˜ ื“ื™ ื”ืขื ื“. ื–ื™ ื˜ื—ื•ื˜ ื“ืจื™ื™ ืึทืจื‘ืฒื™ื˜ ืžื™ื˜ ืึท ืžืึธืœ: ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ 
ื”ืขื ื“ ืฉื™ื™?ื˜ ื–ื™ ืงืึทืจื˜ืึธืคืœื™ืก, ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ ืคื™ืก ื•ื•ื™ืขื’ื˜ ื–ื™ ืึท ืงื™ื ื“ ืื•ืŸ 
ืžื™ื˜'ืŸ ืžื•ื™? ืจืขื“ื˜ ื–ื™, ืื•ืŸ ื“ื•ืงื ืฆื• ื–ื™ืš ืึทืœื™ืŸ. 

-- ื’ื™ื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืื•ื™ืก ืึท ื˜ืึธื’, ืื™ื– ื—ืึธื˜ืฉ ืขืคืขืŸ ื˜ื”ื™ืจ ืื•ืŸ ื˜ื”ื•ื™ืขืจ, 
ื•ื™ ืื™ืŸ ืึท ืžืึทื”ื ื”ืฑื–, ืคื•ืŸ ื›ืื•ืจ ืึธืŸ ื”ื•-ื”ืึท, ืื•ื™ืฃ ืื•ืŸ ืึถืคึผ, ื˜ืึธ ื“ืขืจ, 
ื˜ืึท ื™ืขื ืขืจ, ื˜ืึธืžืขืจ ืื™ื– ืงืึทืจื’ ื“ืึธืก ืงืœืึธืคึผืขืŸ, ืงืœืึธืคึผืขืŸ ื–ืึธืœ ืื™ื”ื 
ืื™ืŸ ืงืึธืคึผ, ืฐื™ ืขืจ ืงืœืึธืคึผื˜ ืžื™ื˜'ืŸ ื”ืึทืžืขืจ, ืื™ื– ื–ื™ ืื•ื™ืš ื“ืึธ, ื˜ืึทืงื™ 
ื“ื™ ืฉื•ื•ืขืกื˜ืขืจ ื–ื™ื™ื ืข, ื“ื™ ืงืœืืคึผืขื˜ื™ืจื™ื›ืข ืžื™ื˜'ืŸ ืฆื™ื ื’ืขืœ, ืฐื™ ืึท ื’ื’ืขืงืขืœ 
ื“ื–ื™ืŸื™ื“ื–ื™ืŸื“ื“ื–ื™ืŸ, ืึท ื ื“ื•ืœื” ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ืขืจ ื‘ืึทื‘ืข, ื–ื™ ื”ืึธื˜ ืึท ื‘ืจื™ื•ื•ืขืœ ืคื•ืŸ 
ืื™ื”ืจ ื“ืึถืœื™, ืึธื ื’ืขืงื•ืžืขืŸ ืึทื–ืฉ ืคื•ืŸ ืึทืžืขืจื™ืงืข, ืงื•ืžื˜ ืื™ื”ื ืึท ื“ืึทื ืง, 
ืขืจ ื”ืึธื˜ ื ืึธืš ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื—ืึทืกืœื™ืจืข ื’ืขื”ืึทื˜, ื“ืขืจ ืฉืขื ืขืจ ืžืึทื ื“ื™ื•ืง, ืคืึทืจ 
ืึตื™ื™ืŸ ืึทื ื“ืขืจืข ื“ืึธืจืžืขืŸ, ืึท ืžื›ื” ืื™ื”ื, ื•ื™ ื—ื™ื”-ืงื™ื™ืœืข'ืก ืžืึทืŸ ื”ืึธื˜ 
ื“ืึธืจื˜ืขืŸ ืึธืคึผื’ืขื˜ื”ืึธืŸ, ืคืึทืจื—ืึทืคึผื˜ ื–ืึธืœ ืขืก ื•ื•ืขืจืขืŸ, ืึธื˜ ื“ืึธืก ืึทืžืขืจื™ืงืข 
ื˜ืึทืงื™ ! ืฐืึธืจื•ื ืึทื– ืžืข ืงื•ืžื˜ ืึทื”ื™ืŸ, ืคืึทืจื’ืขืกื˜ ืžืขืŸ, ืึทื– ืžืข ื”ืึธื˜ 
ื’ืขืœืึธื•ื˜ ืึท ื•ื•ื™ื™ื‘ ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ื”ื™ื™ื, ื ืจื™ื ื’ืข ืคื™ื™ื’ืขืœืขืš, ืึท ืงื™ืฉื™ืงื™ืฉ 
ืžื™ื˜'ืŸ ืงืึธืคึผ ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืขืจื“! ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืืฑืกืฆื•ื”ืึทืœื˜ืขืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืงื•ืจืข- 
ืœืึทืคึผื ื™ื˜ืฉืงืข ืžื™ื˜ ืื™ื”ืจืข ืขื•ืคื•ืช ! ื’ืขื”ืขืš-ืึทืจื•ื ื”ื•ื ื’ืขืจื™ื ืข ืื•ืŸ ื•ื•ื™ืœ 
ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ ืฉืžืึทืœืฅ, ื—ืึธื˜ืฉ ื•ื•ืขืœืขืŸ ืึทืžืึธืœ ื–ื™ืš ืœืขื’ืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืึท 
ื˜ืฉื™ืงืึทื•ื•ืขืก, ืฉืขื ืงืขืŸ ืึตื™ื™ืŸ ืื™ื™ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ืขืจ ื—ืœื” ืฆื• ื‘ืึทืฉืžื™ืจืขืŸ ื‘ื™ื™ 


ืžืข ื”ื•ืœื™ืขื 289 


ื“ืขื ื“ืึธื–ื™ื ืขืŸ ื™ืงืจื•ืช, ืฐืึธืก ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืฆื•ืฆื•ืจื™ื”ืจืขืŸ ื–ื™ืš, ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืฆื• ืงื™ื™ืŸ 
ืื™ื™, ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืฆื• ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืงืึทืจื˜ืึธืคืœื™, ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืฆื• ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืฆื™ื‘ืขืœืข, ื—ืึธื˜ืฉ ืœื™ืฃ 
ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ื•ื•ืขืœื˜ ืึทืจื™ื™ืŸ, ืึท ืกื™ืคึผืข ืื™ื”ื ืื™ืŸ ืคึผื ื™ื ืึทืจื™ื™ืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืึท ื’ื ืข- 
ืฉื•ื•ื™ืจ ืื™ื”ื ืื™ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ื˜, ื˜ืึทืงื™ ื“ืขื ื’ื•ื™, ืฐื•ื™ ืขืจ ืื™ืŸ ืงืœื™ื ืขืจ ื’ืขืฐืึธืจืขืŸ, 
ืื•ืŸ ืฐื•ื™? ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ืึถืคึผื ืึทืจืขืŸ ืึท ืื™ื“ืขืŸ. ืงืึธืคึผืฑ ืื• ืžืขื ืข ืงืื•ืจืงื• ื ื 
ืฉืึทื‘ืขืก --- ืœืึธื–ื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืื•ื™ืก, ืึทื– ืก'ืื™ื– ืึทื–ืฑ ืึท ืงืื•ืจืงื•, ืฐื•ื™ ื“ื• ื‘ื™ื•ื˜ 
ื ืจื‘. ืึท ื“ืข ื˜ื•ืึดื™ื ืงืื•ืจืงืึท 4 -- ืฉื˜ื•ืคึผื˜ ื–ื™ ืื™ืŸ ืคึผื ื™ื ืึทืจืฒืŸ ื 
ืงื•ืจื˜ืฉืึทื˜ืงืข ื“ื™ ื’ืจื•ื™ืก ืฐื™ ื ืžื™ื™ื–ืข?ืœ. ื—ื™ื‘ื ืฆืข ืงืื•ืจืงื? ืฆืข 
ื‘ืœืึธื›ืึท ! --- ื•ื•ืขืจื“ ื–ื™ ื ืึธืš ืžืœื ื ื–ืœืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืจื™ื™ืฆื˜ ื–ื™ืš: ืื• ื˜ืขื‘ืข 
ืจืึธืฉืข ื ืขืžื ! ืื•ึนืŸ ื‘ืื”ืืœื˜ ื“ืึธืก ืฉืขื ืข ื”ื™ื”ื ื“ืขืœ? ืื™ืŸ ื‘ื•ื–ืขื. 
ืึท ืงืึธื˜ื, ืฆื• ืึทืœื“ื™ ืฉื•ื•ืืจืฆืข ื™ืึธื”ืจ ! ื ืึท ื“ื™ืจ ื ืึธืš ื˜ืึธืžืขืจ ืื™ื– ืงืึทืจื’, 
ื‘ืจื•ืš ื”ื‘ื, ืึท ืงืึธื˜ืขืจ ื”ืึธื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืคืึทืจื ืึทื“ืขื˜ ืฆื• ื“ื™ ืงืขืฅ, ื•ื™ ืคึผื™ื™ืกื™ 
ื—ื™ื™ื'ืก ืฆื• ืจื™ื•ื•ืข-ืœืื” ื“ื™ ืžืึธื“ื ื™ืฆืข, ืึทืœืข ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจืคืจื™ื” ืื•ืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ 
ื“ืขืจื ืื›ื˜, ืฐื™ ื ื–ื™ื™ื ืขืจ, ืฉืžืขืงื˜ ืื™ืŸ ืืœืข ื˜ืขื. ื ื™ืฉื˜ืึธ ื•ืืจ" 
ื ื™ืฉื˜ ! ืืฑื™ืกื ืขื˜ืจื™ืงืขื ื˜! ื˜ืจื•ืงืขืŸ ื–ืึธ? ื“ื™ื“ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื”ืึทืจืฆืขืŸ, 
ืื•ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืงืึธืคึฟ, ืื•ืŸ... 

--- ื•ื•ืขืžืขืŸ ืฉืขืœืกื˜ ื“ื• ื“ืึธืก? -- ื˜ื”ื•ื˜ ื‘ื™ื™ ืื™ื”ืจ ืงืึธืคึผืขืœ 
ืึท ืคืจืขื  ืื•ื™ืฃ ื ื˜ืฉื™ืงืึทืฐืขืก, ื”ืขืจื˜-ืื•ื™ืฃ ื ื•ื•ื™ื™ืœืข ืกืœืึธืคึผืขืŸ ืžื™ื˜'ืŸ 
ื”ืึทืžืขืจ ืื•ืŸ ืฉื˜ืขืœื˜-ืึทืฐืขืง ืื•ื™ืฃ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื•ื•ื™ื™ื‘ ื“ืขื ื’ืจื•ื™ืกืขืŸ ื’ืœืึทื ื™ 
ืฆืขื ื“ื™ื’ืขืŸ ืžื™ื ื™ืกื˜ืขืจืฉืขืŸ ืฉื˜ืขืจืŸ. 

--- ื˜ืึทืงื™ ื“ื™ืš ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ื™ื ืข ืžืžื–ืจื™ื ! -- ืขื ื˜ืคืขืจื˜ ืื™ื”ื ืฉืจื”, 
ื ืึธืจื ื™ืฉื˜ ืœืึทื ื’ ื’ืขื˜ืจืึทื›ื˜, ืื•ืŸ ื˜ื”ื•ื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืื™ื”ืจืข ื“ืจื™ื™ ืžืœืื›ื•ืช ืฐื™ 
ืคืจื™ื”ืขืจ, ืื•ืŸ ืื™ื– ืฆื•ืคืจื™ืขื“ืขืŸ, ืฐืึธืก ื–ื™ ื”ืึธื˜ ืคืจื™ืฉืขืŸ ืฉื˜ืึธืฃ ืื•ื™ืฃ 
ืื™ื”ืจ ืžืขื ื”-ืœืฉื•ืŸ, ืฐืึธืก ืฆื™ื”ื˜ ื–ื™ืš ื‘ื™ื™ ืื™ื”ืจ ืึดื”ืŸ ื ืกื•ืฃ ืื•ืŸ ืึดื”ืŸ 
ืึท ื‘ืจืขื , ืฐื™ ื“ืขืจ ื™ื, ื•ื™ ื“ืขืจ ืื™ื“ื™ืฉืขืจ ื ืœื•ืช, ืฐื•ื™ ืงืึธืคึผืขืœ'ื ื“ืœื•ืช. 
ืึธืจืขืžืขืจ ืงืึธืคึผืข? ! ื•ื•ืื•ื”ื™ืŸ ืฐืึธืœื˜ ืขืจ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื’ืขืœืึธืคืขืŸ, ืขืจ ื–ืึธืœ ื ื™ืฉื˜ 
ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืฆื•ื’ืขื‘ื•ื ื“ืขืŸ ืื˜ ืฆื• ื“ืขื ืœืขื“ืขืจื ืขื ื–ืขืกืขืœ? ืคื•ื– ืขืจ ืึธื‘ืขืจ 
ืคืขืจืขื ื“ื™ื’ืขืŸ ื ืฉื˜ื™ืงืข? ืึทืจื‘ื™ื™ื˜, ืึทื ื™ื˜ -- ืฐืขื˜ ืขืจ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ 
ืื•ื™ืฃ ืฉื‘ืช, ืื•ืŸ ืึทื– ืขืจ ืฐืขื˜ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ ืืฑื™ืฃ ืฉื‘ืช, ื•ืขื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ 
ืึธืคึผื ืขืฉื ื™ื˜ืขื ืข ื™ืึทื—ืจ ืคื•ืŸ ืฉืจื—'ืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ืื™ื”ืจ ืžืขื ื”-ืœืฉื•ืŸ. 


956 ืฉืœื•ื-ืขืœื™ื‘ื 


ืฉื•ื•ืืจืฅ, ื—ื•ืฉืš ื•ื™ ื“ื™ ืขืจื“, ื–ืขื”ื˜ ืื•ื™ืก ืงืึธืคึผืขืœ ื“ืขืจ ืฉื•ืกื˜ืขืจ, 
ืื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจืฉืœืึธื’ืขืŸ. ืžืข ื”ืขืจื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ืื™ื”ื ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืคึผื™ืคึผืก. โ€ ืฉื˜ื™? ื˜ืจืึทื ื˜ 
ืขืจ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื–ื™ืš ื“ืขื ื’ืœื•ืช ืžื™ื˜'ืŸ ื“ืœื•ืช ืžื™ื˜ ืึทืœืข ืฆืจื•ืช, ืฉื˜ื™? ื”ืึทืœื˜ 
ืขืจ ืขืก ืื™ืŸ ื–ื™ืš ืžืข ื‘ืขื“ืืจืฃ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื ืžื™ืœืึธื–ืึธืฃ, ืžืข ื–ืึธืœ ืงืึธื ืขืŸ 
ื”ืึทืœื˜ืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื–ื™ืš ื˜ื•ื™ ืคื™ืขืœ. ืงืึธืคึผืขืœ ื‘ืขืœ-ืžื•ื—ืช ืื™ืŸ ื ืคื™ืœืึธื–ืึธืฃ. 
ื ืฉื˜ื™ืœืขืจ ืคื™ืœืึธื–ืึธืฃ ืื•ืŸ ื ืคืขืจื–ืขืจื’ื˜ืขืจ. 

ื ืึธืจ ืื•ื™ื‘ ืงืึธืคึผืข? ืื™ืŸ ืึท ื ืื ืฅ ื™ืึถื”ืจ ืคืขืจื–ืึธืจื’ื˜, ืื™ืŸ ื“ืึธ ืึท 
ื˜ืึธื’, --- ืื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ื˜ืึธื’ ืื™ื– ืฉืžื—ืช-ืชื•ืจื” --- ืฐืึธืก ืขืจ ืื™ื– ืคืจื™ื™ืœื™ืš. 
ืฐืึธืก ื–ืึธื’ ืื™ืš ืคืจื™ื™ืœื™ืš ? ื ื™ื™ื ืขื‘ื•ื™ืจืขืŸ, ืื•ื™ืกืขืจ ื–ื™ืš, ืžืฉื•ื’ืข, ืจื™ื™ืŸ 
ืžืฉื•ื’ืข ! ืฉื˜ืขืœื˜ ืึทื™ื™ืš ืคืึธืจ ืงืึธืคึผืขืœ ื‘ืขืœ-ืžื•ื— ืฆื•ื•ื™ืฉืขืŸ ื—ื‘ืจื” ื”ื•" 
ืœื™ืึทืงืขืก ืžืขื”ืจ ื”ื•ืœื™ืึทืง ืคื•ืŸ ืึทืœึถืข ื”ื•ืœื™ืืงืขืก! ืขืจ ืฐืึธื˜ ื–ื™ืš ื’ื ืข" 
ื‘ื™ื˜ืขืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ืืœื™ืง ื“ืขื ืžืขื›ืึทื ื™ืง ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ ื—ื™ื˜ืœืขืŸ, -- ืื– ื“ืขืจ ื”ืึธื˜ 
ื ื”ื™ื˜ืขืœ, ืฐื™ ืึท ืฉื™ืกืขืœ, ืื•ืŸ ื™ืขื ืขืจ ื”ืึธื˜ ืึท ื”ื™ื˜ืขืœืข, ืฐื™ ื ืคื™ื™ื  
ื“ื™ ื’ืจื•ื™ืก --- ืงืึธืŸ ืžืขืŸ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืคึผืœืึทืฆืขืŸ ืคืืจ ื ืขืœืขื›ื˜ืขืจ ? ื˜ืฉืขืคึผืขื˜ 
ื ื™ืฉื˜, ื–ื™ื™ ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ ื–ื™ืš ื ืขืฐืึธืœื˜ ื‘ื™ื™ื˜ืขืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ ืงืึทืคึผืึธื˜ืขืก ืื•ื™ืš, 
ืงืจื™ื›ื˜ ื ื™ื˜ ืืœื™ืง'ืก ืงืึทืคึผืึธื˜ืงืขืœืข ืื•ื™ืฃ ืงืึธืคึผืขืœ'ืก ื ืขื–ื•ื ื“ืข ืคึผืœื™ื™ืฆืขื. 

ืงืึธืคึผืขืœ ื“ืขืจ ืฉื•ืกื˜ืขืจ ื–ืขื”ื˜ ืื•ื™ืก ืงืขื ืขืŸ ืืœื™ืง ื“ืขื ืฉื ื™ื™ื“ืขืจ, 
ื•ื™ ืึท ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืคึผืœืฉืชื™. ืขืก ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจื™ื‘ืขืจ ื ืงืึธืžืขื“ื™ืข ืึถื ืฆื•ืงื•ืงืขืŸ, 
ื•ื™ ื“ื™ ืฆื•ื•ื™ื™ ื ืขืžืขืŸ ื–ื™ืš ืืจื•ื ื‘ืจื™ื“ืขืจืœื™ืš, ื’ืขื”ืขืŸ ื˜ืึทื ืฆืขืŸ ืื™ื‘ืขืจ 
ื“ื™ ื’ืึทืกืขืŸ. ืื•ืŸ ื—ืึธื˜ืฉ ืงืึธืคึผืขืœ ื”ืึธื˜ ืึท ืงื•ืœ ืคื•ืŸ ืึท ืจื™ืงื‘ืขื˜, ืžืข ืงืึธืŸ 
ื–ืึธื’ืขืŸ, ื‘ืžืขื˜ ื ืึธืจ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืฉื˜ื™ืžืข ื ื™ืฉื˜, ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขืกื˜ื•ื•ืขื’ืขืŸ ื˜ื”ื•ื˜ ืขืจ 
ื–ื™ืš ืึธืŸ ืึท ื›ื•ื— ืื•ืŸ ื”ืขืœืคื˜ ืืœื™ืง'ืขืŸ ื–ื™ื ื’ืขืŸ, ื•ื™ ืึท ื’ืขื˜ื“ื™ื™ืขืจ ืžืฉื•ืจืจ 
ื“ืขื ื—ื–ืŸ. ืื•ืŸ ืึทื– ืืœื™ืง ืฉื˜ืขืœื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืึทืฐืขืง ืžืึทื›ืขืŸ ื“ืขื ืคืจื™ื™ืœื™ื›ืขืŸ 
ืงื™ื“ื•ืฉ, ื”ืึทืœื˜ ืื™ื”ื ืงืึธืคึผืขืœ ืื•ื ื˜ืขืจ : ,ื‘ืึธื !? ืื•ืŸ ืึทื– ืืœื™ืง ื”ืึธื˜ 
ื’ืขืขื ื“ื™ื’ื˜ ื“ืขื ืงื™ื“ื•ืฉ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ืึทืกืึธืฐืขืจ ืฉื˜ื™ืžืข ืžื™ื˜ ื ื ืข- 
ื“ืจืขื”ื˜ืขืŸ , ืกืงื“ืฉ ื™ืฉืจืืœ?" ืื•ืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ืึท ืฆื™ืงืขืœื“ื™ื’ืขืŸ ,ื•-ื”-ื–-ืž- 
ื ื“ื™ื“ื", ืื•ืŸ ืฐื•ื™ืœ ืฆื•ื˜ืจืึธื’ืขืŸ ื“ืขื ื›ื•ืก ืฆื• ื“ื™ ืœื™ืคืขืŸ, ืฐืึทืคึผื˜:ืืฑืก 
ืงืึธืคึผืขืœ ื‘ื™ื™ ืื™ื—ื ื“ืึธืก ื’ืœืขื–ืขืœ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื”ืขื ื“, ืื•ืŸ ืื™ื™ื“ืขืจ ืžืข ืงื•ืคึผื˜ 
ื–ื™ืš ืึทืจื•ื, ืื™ื– ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ืงืึธืคึผืขืœ ืžื™ื˜'ืŸ ื›ื•ืก ืคืืจื˜ื™ื’. ืขืจ ื”ืืœื˜ ืฉื•ื™ืŸ 
ื’ืึธืจ ื‘ื™ื™ 7ืื–ืขืŸ ื–ื™ืš ืื™ืŸ ืึท ื˜ืขื ืฆืข?, ื“ืขืจื•ื•ื™ื™ืœ ื˜ืจื™ื™ื‘ื˜ ืขืจ ืื•ื ื˜ืขืจ 


4 
ืžืข ื”ื•ืœื•ืขื˜ 7 


ืืœื™ืง'ืขืŸ, ืึทื– ืืœื™ืง ื–ืึธืœ ื–ื™ื ื’ืขืŸ, ืฐืขื˜ ืขืจ ืื™ื”ื ื”ืขืœื˜ืข, 8ื”ื•ื˜ 
ืื™ื”ื ืืœื™ืง ืฆื•ืœื™ืขื‘, ืื•ืŸ ื‘ื™ื™ื“ืข ื–ื™ื ื’ืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ 8 ื™ื•ื-ื˜ื•ื‘'ื“ื™ื’ ืœื™ืขื“ ืื•ืŸ 
ื“ื™ ื’ืึทื ืฆืข ื—ื‘ืจื” ื—ื•ืœื™ืืงืขื ื”ืขืœืคืขืŸ-ืื•ื ื˜ืขืจ, ื•ื•ืขืจ ืžื™ื˜'ืŸ 0ื•? ืื•ืŸ 
ื•ื•ืขืจ ืžื™ื˜'ืŸ ืคึผืœื™ืขืกืงืขืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื”ืขื ื“. ืื˜ ื“ืึธืก ืื™ืŸ ื“ืึธืก ืœื™ืขืจ, 
ื•ื•ืึธืก ื–ื™ื™ ื–ื™ื ื’ืขืŸ: 


ืืชื” ื‘ื—ืจืช ื“ืช ื“ื  
ืžื›ืœ ื”ืข - ืžื™ื, 

ืื™ื–ืึธ ื•ื•ืกื™ืขืš ื ืืจื -ืจื - ืจืึทื“ืื•ืฃ 
ื˜ื™ ื ืืก ืคึผืึฒืœึดื™ืŸื‘ื™9, 


-- ืฉื˜ืืจืงืขืจ, ืื™ื“ืขืŸ, ืฉื˜ืืจืงืขืจ ! --- ืฉืจื™ื™ื˜ ืงืึธืžืขืœ ื‘ืขืฃ- 
ืžื•ื—, ืื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืฉื˜ืขืจืŸ ื‘ื™ื• ืื—ื™ื ืฉื•ื•ื™ืฆื˜ ืกื›ื ื•ืช. --- ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื’ืขื–ืืจื’ื˜, 
ื‘ืจื™ื“ืขืจ ! ื“ืขืจ ืขื™ืงืฃ -- ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื’ืขื–ืึธืจื ื˜ ื–ื™ืš, ืื•ืŸ ื ืึธืจ ื’ืขื–ื•ื ื ืขืฃ 
ืื•ืŸ ื ืึธืจ ื ืขืžืฉื ืฆื˜, ืื•ืŸ ื ืึธืจ ื’ืขื”ื•ืœื™ืขื˜, ืื•ืŸ ื ืึธืจ ื’ืขื”ื•ืœื™ืขื˜ | 


3 
ืžืขื ื“ืขืœ ื“ืขืจ ื‘ืœืขื›ืขื ืขืจ. 


ืจื™ื›ื˜ื™ื’ืขืจ ืฐืขื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ --- ื“ืขืจ ื‘ืœืขื›ืขืจ, ืžื—ืžืช ืžืขื ื“ืขืœ ืื™ื– 
ืคื•ืŸ ืคืึทืš ืึท ื‘ืœืขื›ืขืจ,. ื ืึธืจ ืžืข ื”ืึธื˜ ืื™ื”ื ืึท ื ืึธืžืขืŸ ื’ืขื’ืขื‘ืขืŸ ื‘ื™ื™ 
ืื•ื ื– , ื“ืขืจ ื‘ืœืขื›ืขื ืขืจ", ืฐื•ื™ื™? ืขืจ ื–ืขื”ื˜ ืื•ื™ื ื ืœื™ื™ืš, ืฐื™ ืขืจ ืฐืึธืœื˜ 
ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ื’ืขืžืึทื›ื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ื‘ืœืขืš. | 

ืึท ื”ื•ื™ื›ืขืจ ืื™ื“, ืึท ื’ืœื™ื™ื›ืขืจ, ืึท ื˜ืจื•ืงืขื ืขืจ, ืึธื ื’ืขื˜ื”ืึธืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืึท 
ืœืึทื ื ืขืจ ื”ืืจื˜ืขืจ ื‘ืœืขื›ืขื ืขืจ ื ืึทืงื™ื“ืงืข. ืึท ื‘ืœืขื›ืขืŸ ืคึผื ื™ื, ืึท ื‘ืœืข- 
ื‘ืขื ืข ื‘ืึธืจื“, ืื•ืŸ ืืคื™ืœื• ืึท ืงื•ืœ ืื•ื™ืš ืคื•ืŸ ื‘ืœืขืš -- ืึท ื‘ืœืขื›ืขืŸ ืกื•ืœ. 

ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืึทืจื‘ื™ื™ื˜ --- ืื™ื– ืคืึทืžืึธืฐืึทื“ืขืŸ. ืขืจ ื’ืœื™ื™ื–ื˜, ื“ืึธืก ื”ื™ื™ืกื˜, 
ืขืจ ื•ื•ื™ื™ืกื˜-ืื•ื™ืก ืคืึทืžืึธืฐืึทืจืขืŸ. ื ืึธืจ ืึทื–ืฑ ืฐื™ ืคืึทืžืึทืฐืึทืจืขืŸ ื’ืœื™ื™ื–ื˜ 
ืžืขืŸ ื‘ื™ื™ ืื•ื ื–, ืžื™ื™ื ืกื˜ืขื ืก, ื ืึธืจ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืคึผืกื—, ืื™ื– ื“ื™ ื’ืึทื ืฆืข ืฉืคืข 
ื‘ื™ื™ ืื™ื”ื ืขืจื‘ ืคึผืกื—, ืื•ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืื™ื‘ืขืจื™ื’ืข ื˜ืขื’ ืคื•ืŸ ืึท ื’ืึทื ืฅ ื™ืึธื—ืจ 
ืงื•ืงื˜ ืขืจ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืึถืŸ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืคืึทืžืึธืฐืึทืจ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืื•ื™ื’ืขืŸ. ื‘ื™ื™ ืึทื–ืขืœื›ืข ื’ืึตืœ- 
ื“ืขื ืข ื ืขืฉืขืคื˜ืขืŸ ืฐืึธืœื˜ ืžืขื ื“ืข? ื“ืขืจ ื‘ืœืขื›ื‘ืขื ืขืจ ื’ืขื”ืึทื˜ ืึท ื‘ืจื™ืจื” ืฆื• 
ืฉื˜ืึทืจื‘ืขืŸ ืึท ื’ืึทื ืฅ ื™ืึถื”ืจ ืคื•ืŸ ื”ื•ื ื’ืขืจ, ื•ื•ืขืŸ ืขืจ ื–ืึธืœ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ 
ืื™ืŸ ื”ืื ื“, ื ืึธืš ืขื˜ืœื™ื›ืข ืคึผืจื ืกื•ืช. 

ืœืžืฉืœ, ืขืจ ืงืึธืŸ ื”ื™ื™ืœืขืŸ ื‘ื”ืžื•ืช, ืžึฟืึทื›ืขืŸ, ื–ื™ื™ ื–ืึธืœืขืŸ ื–ื™ืš ืžืขืœ- 
ืงืขืŸ, ืื•ืŸ ื ืึธืš ืึทื–ืขืœื›ืข ื–ืึทื›ืขืŸ. ืฐืึธืก ืคืึทืจ ื ืฉื™ื™ื›ื•ืช ื”ืึธื˜ ื“ืึธืก 
ืฆื• ื‘ืœืขื›ืขืจื™ื™ ? --- ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืฉื•ื ืฉื™ื™ื›ื•ืช ื ื™ืฉื˜. ื ืึธืจ ืึดืŸ ืึท ืžืขื ืฉ 
ื”ืึธื˜ ื ื˜ืึทืœืึทื ื˜ ืฆื• ื ืึธืš ืขืคึผื™ืก --- ืฐืึธืก ืžืึทื›ื˜ ืขืก ืงืึทืœื™? ืœืžืื™ 
ืขืจ ืงืึธืŸ ืื•ื™ืกืœืขื ืขืŸ ืื•ื™ื•ื•ืขื ืก ืื•ื™ืš? ืื•ื™ืš ืฆื•ื ื•ื™ืคืœื™ื™ื˜ืขืŸ ื’ืขื‘ืจืึธ- 
ื‘ืขื ืข ื›ืœื™ื, ืึทื– ืžืข ื–ืึธืœ ื’ืึธืจื ื™ืฉื˜ ื“ืขืจืงืขื ืขืŸ? ืฆื™, ืึทืฉื˜ืฒื ืขืจ, 
ืื™ืŸ ืคืึทืจื‘ืขืจื™ื™, ืžื™ื™ื ื˜ ืื™ื”ืจ, ื”ืึธื˜ ืขืจ ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ื’ืึธืจ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ื™ืจื™ืขื” ื ื™ืฉื˜ ? 
ืึทื– ืžืข ืฉืžื•ืขืกื˜ --- ืึท ืžืขื ืฉ ืงืึธืŸ ืึทืœืกื“ื™ื ื’, ืื™ื– ื“ืึธืš ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืฉื™ื™ืš ! 

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ืžืข ื”ื•ืœื•ื™ืขื 209 


ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขืกื˜ื•ื•ืขื’ืขืŸ, ืฉืจืขืงื˜ ืึทื™ื™ืš ื ื™ืฉื˜. ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืึทืœืข ืคืจื ืกื•ืช 
ื”ืึธื˜ ืžืขื ื“ืขืœ ื“ืขืจ ื‘ืœืขื›ืขื ืขืจ ืงื•ื™ื-ืงื•ื™ื ืฐืึทืกืขืจ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืงืึทืฉืข, ืฐื•ื™ 
ืขืจ ืึทืœื™ื™ืŸ ืจืจื™ืงื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืื•ื™ืก, ืื™ ื“ืึธืก --- ืžื•ืŸ ืื™ื—ื ืึทืžืึธืœ ืื•ื ื˜ืขืจ- 
ื”ืขืœืคืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื•ื•ื™ื™ื‘ ืจื™ืกืขืœ, 

ืจื™ืกืขืœ ืื™ื– ืึท ื‘ืึธื›ืข (ืึท ื”ื•ื™ื‘ืึทืžืข), ื ืึธืจ ืึธื”ืŸ ืคึผืจืึทืงื˜ื™ืงืข, ื ื™ืฉื˜ 
ืžื—ืžืช ื–ื™ ืื™ื– ืึท ืฉืœืขื›ื˜ืข ื”ืฑื™ื‘ืึทืžืข, ื ืึธืจ ืื™ื‘ืขืจ ื“ื™ ืืงื•ืฉืขืจืงืขื. 
ืขืก ืื™ื– ื’ืขืฐืึธืจืขืŸ ื“ื™ ืœืขืฆื˜ืข ืฆื™ื™ื˜ ื‘ื™ื™ ืื•ื ื– ื ื’ืขืจืขื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืึทืงื•ืฉืขืš- 
ืงืขืก, ื ื™ืฉื˜ืึธ ื‘ื™ื™ ืื•ื ื– ื›ืžืขื˜ ื ืื™ื“ื™ืฉืข ืฉื˜ื•ื‘ ืึถื”ืŸ ืึตื™ื™ืŸ ืึทืงื•ืฉืขืจ- 
ืงืข. ื ืื™ื“ ื”ืึธื˜ ื“ืจื™ื™ ื˜ืขื›ื˜ืขืจ, ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืฆื•ื•ื™ื™ ืคื•ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ ืึทืงื•ืฉืขืจืงืขืก 
ืื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื“ืจื™ื˜ืข ืฉื˜ื•ื“ื™ืขืจื˜ ืื•ื™ืš ืื•ื™ืฃ ืึทืงื•ืฉืขืจืงืข, 

-- ื ืฉื˜ืึธื“ื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ืึทืงื•ืฉืขืจืงืขืก! -- ื–ืึธื’ื˜ ืžืขื ื“ืขืœ ื“ืขืจ 
ื‘ืœืขื›ืขื ืขืจ ืื•ืŸ ืื™ื– ืื™ืŸ ื›ืขืก ืื•ืŸ ืคื™ื™ืขืจื˜ ืžื™ื˜ ืคื›ื ืช'ื ืคืฉื•ืช. -- 
ืื•ื™ืฃ ื™ืขื“ืขืจ ื’ืขื•ื•ื™ื ืขืจื™ืŸ ืฆื•ื•ื™ื™ ืึทืงื•ืฉืขืจืงืขืก, ืื•ืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ื“ืขืจ ื’ืขื•ื•ื™ื ืข- 
ืจื™ืŸ --- ื“ืจื™ื™, ืฐืึธืจื•ื ื“ื™ ื’ืขืฐื•ื™ื ืขืจื™ืŸ ืึทืœื™ื™ืŸ ืื™ื– ืื•ื™ืš ืื™ื™ืŸ ืึทืงื•ืฉืขืจืงืข. 

ืึทื–ื•ื™ ืงืจื™ื˜ื™ืงื™ืจื˜ ืžืขื ื“ืขืœ ื“ื™ ืึทืงื•ืฉืขืจืงืขืก. ืžืขื ื“ืข? ืื™ืŸ ื‘ื‘ืœ 
8 ืฉืืจืคืขืจ ืงืจื™ื˜ื™ืงืขืจ. ื ื™ืฉื˜ืึธ ื ื–ืึทืš, ืฐืึธืก ืžืขื ื“ืขืœ? ื–ืึธืœ ื ื™ืฉื˜ 
ืงืจื™ื˜ื™ืงื™ืจืขืŸ. ื ื™ืฉื˜ื ืึท ืžืขื ืฉ, ืฐืึธืก ืžืขื ื“ืข? ื–ืึธืœ ื’ืขืคื™ื ืขืŸ ืื•ึดื™ืฃ 
ืื™ื”ื ืฉ ื–ื›ื•ืช, ื–ืึธื’ืขืŸ ืึท ื’ื•ื˜ ืฐืึธืจื˜. ืึทื–ืึท ื˜ื‘ืข ื‘ื™ื™ ืื™ื”ื. ืขืก 
ื’ื™ื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืื•ื™ืก ื ืžืขื ืฉ, ืฐืึธืก ืขืก ื’ืขืคืขืœื˜ ืื™ื”ื ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืงื™ื™ื ืขืจ ืื•ืŸ 
ืขืจ ืื™ืŸ ืžื™ื ืงื™ื™ืŸ ื–ืึทืš ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืฆื•ืคืจื™ืขื“ืขืŸ. ืœืžืฉืœ, ืœืึธืŸ ื’ืขื”ืŸ ื 
ืจืขื’ืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื“ืจื•ื™ืกืขืŸ, ืฐืขื˜ ืื™ื™ืš ืžืขื ื“ืขืœ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื–ืึธื’ืขืŸ, ืึทื– ืขืก ื’ืขื—ื˜ 
ื ืจืขื ืขืŸ, ื ืึธืจ ื ,ืžื‘ื•ืœ" ; ืื•ืŸ, ืคืึทืจืงืขื”ืจื˜, ืœืึธืŸ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื ืขื”ืŸ ืคื™ื™ืŸ 
ืจืขื ืขืŸ, ืื™ื– ืื•ื™ืš ืฉืœืขื›ื˜ ; ,ืึทื™ื™ืŸ ืื•ื™ืกื˜ืจื™ืงืขื ื™ืฉ, ื ื“ืขืจืฉื˜ื™ืงืขื ื™ืฉ, 
ืึท ืกืžื“ื‘ืจ!" ืงื™ื™ื ืžืึธืค ืฐืึทืจืขืžื˜ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื‘ื™ื™ ืื™ื”ื ื“ื™ ื–ื•ืŸ, ื ืึธืจ ื–ื™ 
, ื‘ืจืขื ื˜", ื–ื™ , ืฉืจืคื—'ื˜", ื ืฉื ื™ื™ ืื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ื™ ืื™ื—ื 8 , ืคืขืจืฉื™ื˜ืขื ื™ืฉ", 
8 ืคืจืึธืกื˜ ืืœื™ื™ืŸ ืื™ื– ืื™ื”ื ืงืึทืจื’ { ืขืจ ืžื•ืŸ ืฆื•ื’ืขื‘ืขืŸ ื“ืึธืก ืฐืึธืจื˜ : 
,ืึท ื‘ืจืขื ืขื ื“ื™ื ืขืจ". ืฉื˜ืึทืจื‘ื˜, ื—ืœื™ืœื”, ืึท ืžืขื ืฉ ืื™ืŸ ืฉื˜ืึธืจื˜ -- 
ื”ื™ื™ืกื˜ ืขืก ื‘ื™ื™ ืื™ื”ื ืื•ึนื™ืฃ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืœืฉื•ืŸ : ,ื“ืขืจ ืขื•ืœื ื˜ืจืึธื’ื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืึธืคึผ, 
ืžืข ืคืึทืœื˜, ืฐื™ ืคืœื™ืขื’ืขืŸ .. ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืึท ืœื•ื™ื”, ืกื•ืžืขืŸ ื™ืขื ืขื ืžื ื—ื- 
ืึธื‘ืœ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ, ืึธื“ืขืจ ื ืงืจืึทื ืงืขืŸ ืžื‘ืงืจ-ื—ื•ืœื” ื–ื™ื™ืŸ -- ื“ืขืจื•ื™ืฃ ืื™ืŸ ืžืขื - 


940 ืฉืœื•ื-ืขืœื•ื‘ื 


ื“ืขืœ ืชืžื™ื“ ืคื•ื 'ื ืขืจืฉื˜ืขืŸ ืžื’ื™ืŸ, ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื˜ืจื™ื™ืกื˜ืขืŸ, ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืื•ื™ืกืจืขื“ืขืŸ 
ื“ืึธืก ื”ื˜ืจืฅ ื‘ืขืฉื˜ืขื”ื˜ ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขื, ืื– ,ืขื˜ ืงืึธืŸ ื ืึธืš ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื ืกืš ืขืจื’ืขืจ, 
ื•ื™ ืขืก ืื™ื–". ืึท. ืฆืึธื”ืŸ ืœืึธื– ืฉื™ื™ืš ื•ื•ืขื— ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ, ืฐืขื˜ ืึทื™ื™ืš ืžืขื ื“ืขืคึฟ 
ื–ืึธื’ืขืŸ : ื”ืึธื˜ ื“ืึธืก ื”ื™ื™ืกื˜ ื‘ื™ื™ ื˜ื™ื™ืš ืฆื™ื™ื”ื ื•ื•ืขื”ื˜ื™ื’ ? ืฆื™ื™ื”ื˜ื•ืขื”ื˜ื™ื’ 
ืคืจืขื’ื˜ ืžื™ืš !" ืื•ืŸ ืขืจ ื•ื•ืขื˜ ืื™ื™ืš ื“ืขืจืฆืขื”ืœืขืŸ, ืฐืึธืก ืขืจ ื”ืึธื˜ ื ืข" 
ื”ื˜ื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ื ืฆืึธื”ืŸ, ืึธื“ืขืจ ืขืจ ืฐื•ืขื˜ ืื™ื™ืš ืื™ื‘ืขืจื ืขื‘ืขืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ื ืขื ื 
ื‘ืขืงืึทื ื˜ืขืŸ, ืฐืึธืก ืื™ื– ืฉื™ืขืจ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื’ืขืฉื˜ืึธืจื‘ืขืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื ืฆืึธื”ืŸ, ืฉื•ื™ืŸ 
ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ืคึฟืขืจื‘ื™ื™, ื ืึธืจ ืžืข ื”ืึธื˜ ืื™ื”ื ืึธืคึผื ืขืฉืจื™ื’ืขืŸ... 

ืื“ืขืจ ืคึผืจื•ื‘ื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืงืœืึธื’ืขืŸ ืคืึทืจ ืื™ื”ื, ืื– ืื™ื”ืจ ื”ื•ืกื˜, ืฐืขื˜ 
ืขืจ ืื™ื™ืš ื‘ึทื˜ืœืจ ืึท ืคืจืขื’ ื˜ื”ื•ืŸ : ,ืžื™ื˜ ื‘ืœื•ื˜ ?'.. ื“ืึธืก ืื™ื– ื ื™ืฉื˜, 
ื•ื•ื™ื™ืœ ืžืขื ื“ืขืœ ืื™ื– ืึทื–ืึท ืฉืœืขื›ื˜ืขืจ ื‘ื˜ื‘ืข ืื•ืŸ ื•ื•ื™ืœ, ืึทื– ืื™ื—ืจ ื–ืึธืœื˜, 
ื—ืœื™ืœื”, ื”ื•ืกื˜ืขืŸ ื“ื•ืงื ืžื™ื˜ ื‘ืœื•ื˜. ื ื™ื™ืŸ! ื ืึธืจ ืก'ืื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ื™ ืื™ื”ื 
ืื–ื ื›ืึทืจืึทืงื˜ืขืจ, ื–ืขื”ืขืŸ ื™ืขื“ืข ื–ืึทืš ืื™ื 'ื ืขืจื’ืกื˜ืขืŸ ืฆื•ืฉื˜ืึทื ื“ ืื•ืŸ 
ืœืขื ืขืŸ ื™ืขื ืขื ืฉื˜ื™ื™ื ืขืจ ืื•ื™ืค'ืŸ ื”ืึทืจืฆืขืŸ. โ€ ืขืจ ืงืึธืŸ ืึทื’ืจืขืจืฉื ื™ืฉื˜. 
ืึท ื’ืขื‘ื•ื™ืจืขื ืข ื–ืืš -- ืคืืจืคืืœืขืŸ. : 

ื”ื™ื™ื ื˜ ื’ืขื— ืจืขื›ื˜ ื–ื™ืš, ืื– ืึทื–ื ืžื™ื–ืึทื ื˜ืจืึธืคึผ, ืฐื™ ืžืขื ื“ืขืœ ื“ืขืฃ 
ื‘ืœืขื›ืขื ืขืจ, ื•ื•ืขื ืขืจ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืฉืžื—ืช-ืชื•ืจื” ืฆื•ื•ื™ืฉืขืŸ ื—ื‘ืจื” ื”ื•ืœื™ืึทืงืขืก ืึท 
ื’ืขื ืฆืขืจ ืงื•ื ืฆืขื ืžืึทื›ืขืจ, ืึท ืงืึทืžืขื“ื™ืึทื ื˜ ืื•ืŸ ืึท ืคืขืจืฉืœืขืคึผื˜ืข ืงืจืขื ืง ! 

ืงื•ืžื˜ ืฉืžื—ืช-ืชื•ืจื”, ืฐื•ืขืจื“ ืžืขื ื“ืข? ืึท ื“ื™ื™ื˜ืฉ. ื“ืึธืก ื”ื™ื™ืกื˜, 
ืขืจ ืคืขืจืฉื˜ืขืœื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ืขื ื˜ืึธื’ ืคืืจ ื ื“ื™ื™ื˜ืฉ ืื•ืŸ ืจืขืจื˜ ื ื™ืฉื˜ 
ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืึทื ื“ืขืจ ืฉืคึผืจืึทืš, ืื•ื™ืกืขืจ ื“ื™ื™ื˜ืฉ. ื“ื™ ืœืึทื ื’ืข ื‘ืœืขื›ืขื’ืข ื ืึทืงื™ื“ืงืข 
ื”ืึธื˜ ืขืจ ืื•ื ื˜ืขืจื’ืขื‘ื•ื ื“ืขืŸ, ื’ืขืžืึทื›ื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ืื™ื”ืจ ื ืคึผื™ืจื–ืฉืึทืง, ื“ื™ 
ืคึผืื•ืช ื”ืึธื˜ ืขืจ ืคืขืจืœืขื’ื˜ ืึทื”ื™ื ื˜ืขืจ ื“ื™ ืื•ื™ื”ืขืจืขืŸ -- ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืกื™ืกืŸ ืคื•ืŸ 
ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืคึผืื”, ืื•ืŸ ื ืงืึทืคึผืขืœื™ืฉ ื”ืึธื˜ ืขืจ ืึธื ื’ืขื˜ื”ืืŸ -- ืื™ื“ืขืŸ! ืคื•ืŸ 
ืฐืึทื ืขืŸ ื ืขืžื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืึทื–ืึท ืงืึทืคึผืขืœื™ืฉ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ืขืจ ื•ื•ืขืœื˜ ? ื•ื•ืื• ื”ืึธื˜ ืขืจ 
ืื™ื”ื ืื•ื™ืกื ืขืงืจืืฆื˜ ? ื›ืœื•ืžืจืฉื˜ ืึท ืฆื™ืœื™ื ื“ืขืจ-ื”ื•ื˜, ื ืึธืจ ืฆืข- 
ืงื ื™ื™ื˜ืฉื˜, ืฆืขืฉื˜ืขื›ืขืจื˜, ืื•ืŸ ื”ื•ื™ืš, ื•ื™ ืึท ืงื•ื™ืžืขืŸ, ืื•ืŸ ืึถื”ืŸ ื ื“ืขืง, 
ืžื™ื˜ ืึท ืœืึธืš ืคื•ืŸ ืื•ื™ื‘ืขืŸ --- ื˜ืึทืงื™ ื•ื™ ืึท ืงื•ื™ืžืขืŸ. ืึท ืคืื‘ืจื™ื˜ืฉื ืขืจ 
ืงื•ื™ืžืขืŸ. ืื•ืŸ ื—ืึธื˜ืฉ ื“ืขืจ ื“ืึธื–ื™ื ืขืจ ืงื•ื™ืžืขืŸ ืื™ื– ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ื’ื•ื˜ ื‘ืขืงืื ื˜ 
ืื™ืŸ ืฉื˜ืึธื“ื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ืคืึทืจ-ืึทื“ื™ืึธื”ืจืขืŸ, ืคื•ืŸ ืคื˜ืจ"ืฆืฐื™ื™-ื™ืึทื”ืจืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืคืืจ- 


ืžืข ื”ื•ืœื™ืขื 241 


ื“ืจื™ืฒื™ืึธื”ืจืขืŸ ืฉืžื—ืช-ืชื•ืจื—, ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขืกื˜ื•ื•ืขื ืขืŸ ื‘ืขื ืขื’ืขื ื˜ ืžืขืŸ ืžืขื ืฑืœืขืŸ 
ืžื™ื ื“ืขืจ ื–ืขืœื‘ืขืจ ื’ื“ื•ืœื— ืื•ืŸ ื”ืชืคึผืขืœื•ืช, ื•ืืก ืคืืจ-ืึทื“ื™ืึธื”ืจืขืŸ, ืคื 
ืฆืฐื•ื™ื™-ื™ืึธื”ืจืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืคืืจ-ื“ืจื™ื™-ื™ืึธื”ืจืขืŸ, ืื•ืŸ ื—ื‘ืจืช ืงื•ื ื“ืกื™ื ืžืึทื›ืขืŸ 
ืื™ื—ื ื“ื™ ืื™ื™ื ืขื ืข ืึทืฐืืฆื™ืขืก, ืฐืึธืก ืึทืœืข ืฉืžื—ืช-ืชื•ืจื”. 

-- ืึท ื’ื•ื˜ ื™ื•ื"ื˜ื•ื‘, ื“ื™ื™ื˜ืฉ ! ื”ื•ืจืจื, ืงื•ื™ืžืขืŸ! ื—ื•ืจืจื, ืงื- 
ืคืขืœื™ืฉ ! 

ื ืึธืจ ืžืขื ื“ืขืœ ื“ืขืจ ื‘ืœืขื›ืขื ืขืจ ืขื ื˜ืคืขืจื˜ ื–ื™ื™ ื ื™ืฉื˜. ืžืขื ื“ืขืค 
ื”ืึธื˜ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืฆื• ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ืงื•ื ื“ืžื™ื. ืžืขื ื“ืข? ืื™ื– ื‘ืขืฉืืžืขืŸ ื’ืขืฐืึธืจืขืŸ 
ืื•ื™ืฃ ืฆื• ืžืฉืžื— ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื’ืจื•ื™ื˜ืข. ื“ื™ ื’ืึทื ืฆืข ืฉื˜ืึธื“ื˜ ื‘ืขื“ืืจืฃ ื–ื™ืš 
ืžื™ื˜ ืื™ื”ื ืคืจื™ื™ื”ืขืŸ, ืขืก ื•ื•ืขืจืขืŸ ืึทืจืฑืกื’ืขื˜ื•ืึธื’ืขืŸ ืึทืœืข ื˜ื™ืฉืขืŸ ืžื™ื˜ 
ืœืข ื‘ืขื ืงืœืขืš ืคื•ืŸ ืฉื˜ื•ื‘, ืื•ืŸ ืžืขื ื“ืขืœ ื“ืขืจ ื‘ืœืขื›ืขื ืขืจ (ืื™ืฆื˜ ืฉื•ื™ืŸ 
, ืžืขื ื“ืขืœ ื“ืขืจ ื˜ื™ื™ื˜ืฉ") ืžื™ื˜'ืŸ ืงื•ื™ืžืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืค'ืŸ ืงืึธืคึผ, ืื™ื™ืŸ ื”ืื ืจ 
ืคึฟืืจื‘ืึทืงืึธื, ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืึทื ื“ืขืจืขืจ ื”ืึทื ื“ ื ืคืœืขืฉืข?, ื˜ืื ืฆื˜ ืึท 
{ื“ื™ื™ื˜ืฉ" ืื•ืŸ ื–ื™ื ื’ื˜ ื ื“ื™ื™ื˜ืฉืขืก ืคื™ืขื“ืขืค: 


ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืžื™ืจ ื“ื™ื™ื˜ืฉืขืŸ 
ืื•ืŸ ื”ืึทื‘ืขืŸ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ื–ืึธืจื . 
ื ื™ืฉื˜ืึธ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืžื–ื•ืžืŸ --- 
ื ืขืžืขืŸ ืžื™ืจ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื‘ืึธืจื’. 


ืื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืื™ื‘ืขืจื™ื’ืข ื—ื‘ืจื— ื”ื•ืœื™ืึทืงืขืก ืฐืึทืคึผืขืŸ-ืื•ื ื˜ืขืจ โ€ 


ื‘ื™ื - ื‘ืึธื, ื‘ื™ื - ื‘ืึธื, 
ื‘ื™ื - ื‘ื™ื, ื‘ื™ื - ื‘ืึดื ! 


ืื•ืŸ ืžืขื ื“ืข? ื–ื™ื ื ื˜ ื•ื•ื™ื™ื˜ืขืจ : 


ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืžื™ืจ ื“ื™ื™ื˜ืฉืขืŸ -- 
ืื™ื™ื ืก, ืฆื•ื•ื™ื™, ื“ืจื™ื™, ืคื™ืขืจ. 
ื’ื™ื ืžืขืŸ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ืจืึธื ืคืขืŸ, 
ื˜ืจื™ื ืงืขืŸ ืžื™ืจ ื‘ื™ืขืจ, 


ืฉืœื•ืื™ืขืœื™ื›ื ื‘., /3401+* 16 


ืจ 
!ื™ื˜ 


249 ืฉืœื•ื"ืขืœื™ื‘ื 


ื—ืึทืคึผื˜-ืื•ื ื˜ืขืจ ื“ื™ ื”ื‘ืจื” ื”ื•ืœื™ืึทืงืขืก 1 


ื‘ื™ื - ื‘ืึธื, ื‘ื™ื - ื‘ืึธื, 
ื‘ื™ื - ื‘ื™ื, ื‘ื™ื - ื‘ืึธื ! 


ืื•ืŸ ืžืขื ื“ืขืœ ื–ื™ื ื’ื˜ ื•ื•ื™ื™ื˜ืขืจ : 


ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืžื™ืจ ื“ื™ื™ื˜ืฉืขืŸ, 

ืื•ื ื– ืงืขืŸ ื’ืจื•ื™ืก ืื•ืŸ ืงืœื™ื™ืŸ ; 
ืฐื•ื™? ืžืขืŸ ืื•ื ื– ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื’ืขื‘ืขืŸ, 
ื ืขืžืขืŸ ืžื™ืจ ืืœื™ื™ืŸ. 


ืื•ืŸ ื”ื‘ืจื” ื”ื•ืœื™ืืงืขืก ื”ืึทืคึผืขืŸ-ืื•ื ื˜ืขืจ: 


ื‘ื™ื - ื‘ืึธื, ื‘ื™ื - ื‘ืึธื, 
ื‘ื™ื - ื‘ื™ื, ื‘ื™ื - ื‘ืึธื ! 


ืื•ืŸ ืึทื–ื•ื™ ื•ื•ื™ื™ื˜ืขืจ,. ืคึผืœื•ืฆื™ื ืฉื˜ืขืœื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืžืขื ื“ืขืœ ืึธืคึผ: 

--- ืื™ื“ืขืŸ ! ืื™ืš ืฐืึธืœื˜ ื•ื•ืขืœืขืŸ ื•ื•ื™ืกืขืŸ, ืฐืึธื˜ ืื™ื– ื ืึธืš ื“ืึธ ื‘ืขื™ 
ืกืขืจืก ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ืขืจ ื•ื•ืขืœื˜, ื•ื™ ืึทื– ืžืขืŸ ืื™ื– ืึท ืื™ื“ ? ื ื™ื™ืŸ. ืื™ืš ืคืจืขื’ 
ื ืึธืจ ืื™ื™ืŸ ื–ืึทืš  :โ€ ืฐืึธืก ืงืึธืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ืขืกืขืจ, ื•ื™ ืึทื– ืžืขืŸ ืื™ื– ื ืื™ื“? 

ื“ืขืจ ืขื•ืœึฟื ืื™ื– ืžืกื›ื™ื, ืึทื– ืกื™ื– ื’ืึธืจ ื’ื™ืฉื˜ืึธ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ืขืกืขืจืข 
ื–ืึทืš ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ืขืจ ื•ื•ืขืœื˜, ื•ื™ ืึทื– ืžืขืŸ ืื™ื– ืึท ืื™ื“, ืื•ืŸ ืžืข ื•ื•ืขืจื“ ืฐืึธืก 
ื•ื•ื™ื™ื˜ืขืจ ืึทืœืฅ ืคืขื‘ืขื“ื™ื ืขืจ ืื•ืŸ ืคืจื™ื™ืœื™ื›ืขืจ; ื“ื™ ืคื™ืก ื”ืฑื‘ืขืŸ ื–ื™ืš 
ืึทืœื™ื™ืŸ, ืื•ืŸ ืขืก ื ืœื•ืกื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืึทืœืขืžืขืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ืื™ื”ื ื”ืึทืคึผืขืŸ ืึท ื˜ืขื ืฆืขืœ. 
ื ืขืžื˜ ืžืขืŸ ื–ื™ืš ืžื™ื˜ ืื™ื”ื ืคืึทืจ ื“ื™ ื”ืขื ื“, ืื•ืŸ ืžืข ืžืึทื›ื˜ ืึท ืจืึธืจ, 
ืื•ืŸ ืžืข ื“ืจืขื—ื˜ ื–ื™ืš, ืื•ืŸ ืžืข ื˜ืึทื ืฆื˜, ืื•ืŸ ืžืข ื˜ื•ืคึผืขื˜ ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ ืคื™ื, 
ืื•ืŸ ืžืข ื”ื•ืœื™ืขื˜, ืื•ืŸ ืžืข ื”ื•ืœื™ืขื˜. 


ื™ืฆ 
ืžืฉื”ื™ื™ืขื ืงืขืœ ื“ืขืจ ืึทืคึผื™ืงื•ืจืก. 


ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ื ืื™ืจ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ื™ืึธื”ืจืขืŸ, ื ืึธืจ ืขืจ ื”ืืœื˜ ื–ื™ืš ื™ื•ื ื’. ืขืจ 
ื”ืึธื˜ ื ืึธืš ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืืคื™ืœื• ืื™ื™ืŸ ื’ืจื•ื™ืข ื”ืึธืจ ืื™ืŸ ื‘ืึธืจืš, ืึทื–ึนื ืžืฉืคึผื—ื” 
ื‘ื™ื™ ื–ื™ื™, โ€ ืฉื˜ืึทื•ื‘ืขืŸ -- ืื•ืŸ ื•ื•ืขืจืขืŸ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื’ืจื•ื™ ืื™ื™ืŸ ื–ืืš ื ืึธืจ, 
ืฐืึธื˜ ื“ืึธืก ืคึผื ื™ื ืื™ื– ืื™ื”ื ื”ืึธื˜ืฉ ื’ืขืงื ื™ื™ื˜ืฉื˜. ื–ืขื”ื˜ ืื™ืก, ืฐื™ 
ื ื’ืขื–ื™ื™ืขืจื˜ืขืจ ืขืžึผืขืœ, ืฐื™ . ื–ื•ื™ืขืจืข ืงื™ืกืœื™ืฆืข. ืึธื ื’ืขื˜ื”ืึธืŸ ื’ืขื”ื˜ 
ืขืจ ื ืคืื ื ืข ืงืึทืคึผืึทืกืข, ื˜ืจืึทื ื˜ ืฉื™ืš ืื•ืŸ ื–ืึธืงืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ ื ืขื”ื˜ืื•ื ืึท 
ืคืขืจื˜ืจืื›ื˜ืขืจ ืื™ืŸ ืขื•ืœืžื•ืช. 

ืขืจ ืื™ื– ื ื–ื™ื™ื ืขืจืคืึทื›ืขืจ ืื•ืŸ ื”ื™ื™ืกื˜ ื˜ืฉืฐื™ื™ืขื ืงืข?, ื ืึธืจ ืจื•ืคืขืŸ 
ืจื•ืžืคื˜ ืžืขืŸ ืื™ื”ื , ื“ืขืจ ืืคึผื™ืงื•ืจืก". 

ืกืžื—ืžืช ืขืจ ืื™ื– ืึท ื–ื™ื™ื ืขืจืžืื›ืขืจ ืื•ืŸ ื•ื•ื™ื™ืกื˜ ื“ืขื ื’ืื ื’ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ 
ื“ืขื“ืœืขืš ืื•ืŸ ืคืขืจืฉื˜ืขื”ื˜ ื“ืขื ืฉื›ืœ ืคื•ื 'ื ืกืขื›ื˜ื ื™ื•ื, ืคืืจ ืฐืึธืก 
ืขืก ื“ืจืขื”ื˜ ื–ื™ืš, ื”ืึธื˜ ืขืจ ื ื™ื“ื™ืขื” ืื™ืŸ ืึทื–ืขืœื›ืข ื–ืึทื›ืขืŸ, ืฐืึธืก ืคืืจ 
ื˜ื™ื™ืŸ ืื ื“ืขืจืขืŸ ืื™ื– ื“ืึธืก ื ืกื•ืจ ืื•ืŸ ืžื—ืžืช ืขืจ ื”ืึธื˜ ืฆื• ื˜ื”ื•ืŸ ืžื™ื˜ 
ืฉืงื™ืขืช-ื—ื—ืžื”, ืฐื™ื™ืกื˜, ื•ืขืŸ ื“ื™ ื–ื•ืŸ ื–ืขืฆื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืื•ืŸ ื•ืขืŸ ื–ื™ ื ืขื”ื˜ 
ืื•ื™ืฃ, ืคืขืจืฉื˜ืขื”ื˜ ืขืจ ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ื‘ืžื™ืœื ื“ืขื ืฉื›ืœ, ืคืึทืจ ืฐืึธืก ืื™ื– ื‘ื™ื•ืฒ 
ื˜ืึธื’ -- ื˜ืึธื’, ืื•ืŸ ื‘ื™ื™ื ืึทื›ื˜ --- ื ืื›ื˜, ืื•ืŸ ืœืžืื™ ืื™ื– ื–ื•ืžืขืจ --- ื–ื•ืžืขืจ, 
ืื•ืŸ ื•ื•ื™ื ื˜ืขืจ ืื™ื– --- ื•ื•ื™ื ื˜ืขืจ, ืื•ืŸ ืคึฟืึทืจ ืฐืึธืก ื ืขื”ื˜ ื–ื•ืžืขืจ ื ืจืขื ืขืŸ 
ืื•ืŸ ื•ื•ื™ื ื˜ืขืจ ื ืฉื ื™ื™, ืื•ืŸ ืฐืึธืก ืงื•ืžื˜ ื˜ืจื™ื”ืขืจ ; ื“ืขืจ ื“ื•ื ืขืจ ืึธื“ืขืจ 
ื“ืขืจ ื‘ืœื™ืฅ --- ืื•ืŸ ื ืึธืš ืึทื–ืขืœื›ืข ื–ืึทื›ืขืŸ,. ืงื•ืจืฅ: ืžืฉื”ื“ื™ืขื ืงืขืœ ื“ืขืจ 
ื–ื™ื™ื’ืขืจืžืื›ืขืจ ืฉืž'ื˜ ืคืึทืจ ื ื—ืงืจืŸ, ืึท ืคื™ืœืึธื–ืึธืฃ ืื•ืŸ ืื™ื™ืŸ ืึทืคึผื™ืงื•ืจืก. 

ื ืึธืจ ืœื ื“ื™, ืฐืึธืืก ืกืžืฉื”-ืขื ืงืขืœ ืื™ืŸ ืืœื™ื™ืŸ ื ื—ืงืจืŸ, ื 
ืคื™ืœืึทื–ืึธืฃ ืื•ืŸ ืื™ื™ืŸ ืึทืคึผื™ืงื•ืจืก, ืฐืึธืœื˜ ืขืจ ื ื‘ืขืœืŸ ื’ืขื•ืขืŸ, ืึทืŸ ื“ื™ 
ื’ืึทื ืฆืข ื•ื•ืขืœื˜ ื–ืึธืœ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืื•ื™ืคื ืขืกืœืขืจื˜ืข, ืคื™ืœืึธื–ืึธืคืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืึทืคึผื™ืงื•ืจืกื™ื. 


8:ืก 
+. ืฉื 


244 ืฉืœื•ื-ืขืœื™ื›ื 


ืฆื•ืœื™ืขื‘ ื“ืขื ื”ืึธื˜ ืขืจ ืœื™ืขื‘, ืึทื– ืžืข ืงื•ืžื˜ ืฆื• ืื™ื”ื ืžื™ื˜ ื ื–ื™ื™ื’ืขืจ 
ืคืขืจืจื™ื›ื˜ืขืŸ, ื–ืึธืœ ืขืจ ื–ื™ืš ืึทื•ืขืงื–ืขืฆืขืŸ ื—ืงื™ืจื”'ืŸ, ืคื™ืœืึธื–ืึธืคื™ืจืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ 
ืึธืคึผืœืึทื›ืขืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื ื ื•ื˜ ืื•ื™ื’, ืื•ืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ืึท ื—ืœื•ื, ืื•ืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื‘ืขื’ืขื ืขื ืขืŸ ื 
ื’ืœื—, ืื•ืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ืœืขื“ื™ื ืข ืขืžืขืจืก, ืื•ืŸ ืึธืคึผ'ืœืฆ'ืขื•ืฐืขืŸ, ืœื”ื‘ื“ื™ืœ, ืคื•ืŸ ืึท 
ื’ื•ืžืขืŸ ืื™ื“ืขืŸ, ืžืึทื›ืขืŸ ื—ื•ื–ืง ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื—ืกื™ื“ื™ื, 

ืึธืคึผืœืึทื›ืขืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื ื’ื•ื˜ืขืŸ ืื™ื“ืขืŸ -- ื“ืึธืก ืื™ื– ื‘ื™ื™ ืื™ื”ื ืึท ื ืึทื " 
ืฆืขืจ ืฆื™ืžืขืก. ืขืจ ืงืึธืŸ ืึตื™ื™ืš ืึทืจื•ืžืงืœืฑื‘ืขืŸ ืืจื•ื ื–ื™ืš ืึท ื’ืึทื ืฅ ืจืขื“ืขืœ 
ืื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจืฆืขื”ืœืขืŸ ืื™ื™ืš ื ืžืึธืจื ืข ืžืขืฉื”, ืึถื”ื—ืŸ ืึตื™ื™ืŸ ืึถื ื”ื•ึนื™ื‘ ืื•ืŸ ืึถื”ืŸ 
ืึท ืกื•ืฃ, ืื•ืŸ ืฉื˜ืขืœื˜ืึทืฐืขืง ื“ืขืจื‘ื™ื™ ืึตื™ื™ืŸ ืขืจื ืกื˜ ืคึผื ื™ื, ืงื™ื™ืŸ 
ืฉืžื™ื™ื›ืข? ืืคื™ืœื• ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืฆื• ื˜ื”ื•ืŸ, ืึทื–ืฑ ืึทื– ืื™ื—ืจ ืงืึธื ื˜ ื–ื™ื›ืขืจ ืžื™ื™ื ืขืŸ, 
ืึทื– ื“ืึธืก ื“ืขืจืฆืขื—ืœื˜ ืึตื™ื™ืš ื ื”ื™ื™ืกืขืจ ื—ืกื™ื“ ืึท ืžื•ืคืช ืคื•ื 'ื ืจื‘ื™'ืŸ. 

--- ืคืึธื”ืจื˜ ืขืจ, ื”ื™ื™ืกื˜ ืขืก, ืื™ื™ื ืžืึธืœ ืื™ืŸ ื•ื•ืขื’ --- ืึทื–ืฑ ื—ื•ื™ื‘ื˜ 
ืึธืŸ ื’ืึทื ืฅ ืฉื˜ื™ืœ ืžืฉื”ื“-ื™ืขื ืงืขืœ ืฆื• ื“ืขืจืฆืขื”ืœืขืŸ ื’ืœื™ื™ืš ืคื•ื 'ื ืžื™ื˜ืขืŸ, 
ืื•ืŸ ืื™ื”ืจ ื–ืขื ื˜ ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ืึทืœึตื™ื™ืŸ ืžื—ื•ื™ื‘ ืฆื• ื•ื•ื™ืกืขืŸ, ืฐืขื“ ืื™ื– ื“ืขืจ ,ืขืจ? -- 
ืคืึธื—ืจื˜ ืขืจ ื–ื™ืš ืึทื–ืฑ ืื™ื™ื ืžืึธืœ ืื™ืŸ ืฐื•ืขื’, ืคึผืจื™ื™ื˜ืึธื’ ืื™ื– ื“ืึธืก ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ 
ืคืึทืจ ืœื™ื›ื˜-ื‘ืขื ื˜ืฉืขืŸ, ืคืึธื”ืจื˜ ืขืจ ืื•ืŸ ืคืึธื”ืจื˜, ืคืึธื”ืจื˜ ืื•ืŸ ืคืึธื”ืจื˜, 
ืคืึธื”ืจื˜ ืื•ืŸ ืคืึธื”ืจื˜.. ื•ื•ืขืจื“ ื“ืึธืš ื–ื™ื™ ืงืฉื” --- ื‘ื™ื– ืฐืึทื ืขืŸ ? ืก'ืื™ื– 
ื“ืึธืš ืฉื•ืŸ ื‘ืืœื“ ืฉื‘ืช 4 ืžืึทื›ืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ ืฆื• ืื™ื”ื : ืฐืึธืก ืฐื•ืขื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ? 
ืขื ื˜ืคืขืจื˜ ืขืจ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื“ืึธืก ืึทื ื“ืขืจืข ืฐืึธืจื˜ ืื•ืŸ ื”ื™ื™ืกื˜ ืคืึธื”ืจืขืŸ ื•ื•ื™ื™" 
ื˜ืขืจ,. ื”ืขืœืคื˜ ื–ื™ืš ื ื™ืฉื˜: ืึทื– ืขืจ ื”ื™ื™ืกื˜ ืคืึธื”ืจืขืŸ, ื“ืึทืจืฃ ืžืขืŸ 
ืคืึธื”ืจืขืŸ,. ืคึฟืึธื”ืจื˜ ืžืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืžืข ืคึฟืึธื”ืจื˜, ืคืึธื”ืจื˜ ืžืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืžืข 
ืคืึธื”ืจื˜, ืคึผืึธื”ืจื˜ ืžืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืžืข ืคืึธื”ืจื˜. ื“ื™ ื–ื•ืŸ ื”ื•ื™ื‘ื˜ ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ืึธืŸ ืฆื• 
ื–ืขืฆืขืŸ ื–ื™ืš, ืึดื˜ื™ืึธื˜, ื ืึธืš ืึท ืฉืขื”, ื ืึธืš ืึท ื”ืึทืœื‘ืข ืฉืขื”, ืื•ืŸ ืขืก 
ื•ื•ืขืจื“ ื ืื›ื˜. ื•ื•ืขืจื“ ื–ื™ื™ ืงืึทืœืขืžื•ื˜ื ืข, ื”ื•ื™ื‘ืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ืึธืŸ ืึท ื‘ื™ืกืขืœ 
ืฉื˜ืึทืจืงืขืจ : ื ื•ื•ืืœื“, ืฐืึธืก ืฐื•ืขื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืชื›ืœื™ืช ? ืžืข ื•ืขื˜ ื“ืึธืš 
ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ื‘ืึทืœื“ื“ืึธ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื˜ืึธืจืขืŸ! ืจื•ืคื˜ ืขืจ ื–ื™ืš ืึธืŸ;: ื˜ืคึผืจืจืจืจื•! 
ื‘ืœื™ื™ื‘ื˜ ืžืขืŸ ืฉื˜ืขื”ืŸ, ืฉื˜ืขื”ื˜ ืžืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืžืข ืฉื˜ืขื”ื˜, ืื•ืŸ ืžืข 
ืฉื˜ืขื”ื˜ ืื•ืŸ ืžืข ืฉื˜ืขื”ื˜, ืื•ืŸ ืžืข ืฉื˜ืขื”ื˜ ืื•ืŸ ืžืข ืฉื˜ืขื”ื˜. ื•ื•ืขืจื“ 
ื–ื™ื™ ื ืžืืก, ืžืึทื›ืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ ืฆื• ืื™ื”ื: ืึธื˜ ื“ืึธ ื•ื•ืขืœืขืŸ ืžื™ืจ ื”ืึทืœื˜ืขืŸ 
ืฉื‘ืช ? ื–ืึธื ื˜ ืขืจ; ืคืึทืจ ืฐืึธืก ื ื™ืฉื˜ 4 ื–ืึธื ืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™: ืฐืึธืก ื”ื™ื™ืกื˜? 


ืžืข ื”ื•ืœื•ืขื˜ 245 


ื ื•, ืื•ืŸ ืคื™ืฉ ? ื•ื•ืื• ืฐื•ืขื˜ ืžืขืŸ ื ืขืžืขืŸ ืคื™ืฉ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืฉื‘ืช ? ื–ืึทื ื˜ ืขืจ: 
ืขืก ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืคื™ืฉ. ื–ืึธึทื ืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™: ืคื•ืŸ ื•ืื ืขืŸ? ื–ืึทื ื˜ ืขืจ; ืคื•ืŸ 
ื˜ื™ื™ืš,. ื–ืึธื’ืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ : ื•ื•ืื• ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ ืกื™ืจ ื ื˜ื™ื™ืš? ื–ืึธื ื˜ ืขืจ:; ืึธื˜ 
ืื™ื– ื“ืขืจ ื˜ื™ื™ืš,. ื›ืš ื—ื•ื”. ืกืข ื”ื•ื™ื‘ื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื™ ืื•ื™ื’ืขืŸ, -- ื˜ ื˜ื™ื™ืš, 
ืึท ื™ื, ืึตื™ื™ืŸ ืื•ืงื™ื ื•ืก! ื•ืขืจื“ ื–ื™ื™ ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ืื‘ื™ืกืขืœ ื’ืจื™ื ื’ื ืขืจ ืื•ื™ื) 
ื”ืืจืฆืขืŸ,. ื–ืึธื ึถืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ ; ื•ื•ืืจืจื•ืฉืข ื ืขืžืก ืžืขืŸ ื ื’ืฑื™? ืคืึทื ื˜ ืขืจ: 
ืื•ื™ืฃ ืฐืึธืก ื“ืืจืคื˜ ืื™ื”ืจ ื ื ื•? ื–ืึทื ืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™;: ืขืจ ื•ืืœ ืื•ื ื• ื”ืืคืขืŸ 
ืคื™ืฉ. ื–ืึทื ื˜ ืขืจ: ืื•ืŸ ื•ืื•ื• ื–ืขื ื˜ ืื™ื—ืจ? ื•ืขืจืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ ืžื‘ื•ื™ืฉ ืื•ืŸ 
ื–ืึธื’ืขืŸ : ืกื™ืจ ื–ืึธืœืขืŸ ื”ืึธื˜ืฉ ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ ื˜ ื ืขืฅ. ื–ืึธื’ื˜ ืขืจ: ื ืื˜ ืึตืฒืฃ 
ืžื™ื™ืŸ ืคืึทื˜ืฉื™ื™ืœืข. ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ ืคืึทืจืฉื˜ืึทื ืขืŸ, ืฐืึธืก ืขืจ ืžื™ื™ื ื˜ ; ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ 
ื–ื™ื™ ื’ืขื ื•ืžืขืŸ ื“ื™ ืคืึทื˜ืฉื™ื™ืœืข, ืื•ืŸ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืืจื™ื™ื ื ืขื’ืื ื ืขืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ื“ืขืจ 
ืคืึทื˜ืฉืฒื™ืœืข ืื™ืŸ ืกื˜ื™ื™ืš ืืจื™ื™ืŸ, ืื•ืŸ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื’ืขื ืื ื’ืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ ื’ืขื’ืื ื ืขืŸ, 
ื’ืขื ืื ื’ืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ ื’ืขื’ืื ื’ืขืŸ, ื’ืขื’ืื ื’ืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ ื’ืขื ืื ื ืขืŸ -- ื ื™ืฉื˜ื ืงื™ื™ืŸ 
ืกื™ืžืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืžื™ืฉ ! ื“ืจืขื”ืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ ืื•ื™ืก ื“ืขื ืงืืค ืฆื• ืื™ื”ื ืื•ืŸ 
ืžืื›ืขืŸ ืฆื• ืื™ื”ื : ืกืข ืฉืœืขื›ื˜. ื–ืขื ื˜ ืขืจ; ืฐืึธื˜ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืฉืœืขืค" 
ื˜ื™ื’ืงื™ื™ื ? ื–ืึธื ืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™: ืขืก ื—ืึทืคึผื˜ ื–ื™ืš ื ื™ืฉื˜. ื•ืึธื ื˜ ืขืจ: ืขืก 
ื•ื•ืขื ื–ื™ืš ื—ืึทืคึผืขืŸ. ืื•ืŸ ื›ืš ื—ื•ื”. ื•ื™ ื ืึธืจ ืขืจ ื”ืึธื˜ ืื•ื™ืกื ืขืจืขื“ื ื“ื™ 
ื“ืึธื–ื™ื’ืข ืคื™ืขืจ ื•ื•ืขืจื˜ืขืจ, ื”ืึทื‘ืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ ื’ืœื™ื™ืš ื“ืขืจืคื™ื”ืœื˜, ืื•ื– ื“ื™ ืžืึทื˜" 
ืฉื™ื™ืœืข ื•ื•ืขืจื“ ืฐืึธืก ื•ื•ื™ื™ื˜ืขืจ ืืœืฅ ืฉื•ื•ืขืจืขืจ ืื•ืŸ ืฉื•ื•ืขืจืขืจ, ืฉื•ื•ืขืจืขืจ 
ืื•ืŸ ืฉื•ื•ืขืจืขืจ, ืฉื•ื•ืขืจืขืจ ืื•ืŸ ืฉื•ื•ืขืจืขืจ. ืื™ื™ืŸ ืขืก. ื–ื™ื™ ื‘ืœื™ื™ื‘ืขืŸ ืึถื”ืŸ 
ื›ื—ื•ืช.. ื•ื•ืขืจื“ ื–ื™ื™ ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ื•ื•ื™ืขื“ืขืจ ืคืืจืงืึทื˜ื ืข ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ืขืจ ื ืฉืžื”. 
ืงื•ืงืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ ืฆื• ืื™ื”ื ืกื™ื˜ ื“ื™ ืื•ื™ื ืขืŸ, ืฉื˜ื•ื™ืกื˜ ืขืจ ื–ื™ืš ืึธืŸ ืื•ืŸ ื–ืึทื ื˜ 
ืฆื• ื–ื™ื™: ืฉืœืขืคึผื˜ ื•ื•ื™ื™ื˜ืขืจ, ืฉืœืขืคึผื˜ ! ืื•ืŸ ืื– ืขืจ ื•ืึทื ื˜ ; ืฉืœืขืคึผื˜ -- 
ื“ืึทืจืฃ ืžืขืŸ ืฉืœืขืคึผืขืŸ. ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ ื–ื™ืš ืึท ื ืขื ื’ืขื’ืขื‘ืขืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ ืœืขืฆื˜ืข 
ื›ื—ื•ืช ืื•ืŸ ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ ื’ืขื ื•ืžืขืŸ ืฉืœืขืคึผืขืŸ, ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ ื’ืขืฉืœืขืคึผื˜ ืื•ืŸ ื’ืข" 
ืฉืœืขืคึผื˜, ืื•ืŸ ื’ืขืฉืœืขืคึผื˜ ืื•ืŸ ื’ืขืฉืœืขืคึผื˜, ืื•ืŸ ื’ืขืฉืœืขืคึผื˜ ืื•ืŸ ื’ืขืฉืœืขืคึผื˜, 
ืื•ืŸ ื’ืขืฉืœืขืคึผื˜ ืื•ืŸ ื’ืขืฉืœืขืคื˜.. 

-- ืึท, ืคึฟืึทืจืฉืœืขืคึผืขืŸ ื–ืึธืœ ืžืขืŸ ืื™ื”ื! ืื– ื ืฐืขืœื˜ ื–ืึธื ื˜ 
,ืึทืคึผื™ืงื•ืจืก", ื–ืึธืœ ืžืขืŸ ื ืœื•ื™ื‘ืขืŸ ! ---ืื•ืŸ ืžืข ืฉืคึผื™ื™ื˜:ืื•ื™ืก ืื•ืŸ ืžืข 
ื˜ืจืขื˜-ืึธืคึผ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขื ืืคึผื™ืงื•ืจืก, ื ืึธืจ ื ืื™ืจื™ืฉืข ื ืฉืžื” ืงืึธืŸ ืžืขืŸ 


246 ืฉืœื•ื"ืขืœื•ื‘ื! 


ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืฉืึทืฆืขืŸ,. ื“ื•ืงื ืึธื˜ ื“ืขืจ ืึทืคึผื™ืงื•ืจืก, ืึทื– ืขืก ืงื•ืžื˜ ืฉืžื—ืช-ืชื•ืจื”, 
ื•ื•ืขืจื“ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืื™ื”ื ืึท ื ื™ื™ืข ื”ื•ื™ื˜. ืขืก ืื™ื– ืื™ื”ื ื ืึธืจื ื™ืฉื˜ ืฆื• ื“ืขืจ" 
ืงืขื ืขืŸ. ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื˜ืจื™ื ืงืขืŸ ื”ืึธื˜ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ --- ืงื™ื™ื ืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ื—ื‘ืจื” 
ื—ื•ืœื™ืึทืงืขืก ืฐืขื˜ ื–ื™ืš ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืื•ื ื˜ืขืจื ืขืžืขืŸ ืึทืจื™ื™ื ื ื™ืกืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื–ื™ืš ืึทื–ืฑ 
ืคื™ืขืœ ืžืฉืงื”, ื•ื•ื™ืคื™ืข? ืึธื˜ ื“ืขืจ ืžืฉื”-ื™ืขื ืงืขืœ?. ืื•ืŸ ืžืฉื”-ื™ืขื ืงืขืœ, 
ืึทื– ืขืจ ืฉื˜ืข?ื˜ ืึทืจื™ื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืขืจืฉื˜ืข ืขื˜ืœื™ื›ืข ื›ื•ืกื•ืช, ื•ื•ืขืจื“ ืขืจ ืฉื›ื•ืจ 4. 
ื—ืก ืžืœื”ื–ื›ื™ืจ! -- ื ืึธืจ ืคืจื™ื™ืœื™ืš. ืขืจ ื•ืขืจื“ ืึทืœื™ื™ืŸ ืคืจื™ื™ืœื™ืš ืื•ืŸ 
ืžืึทื›ื˜ ื“ืขื ืขื•ืœื ืคืจื™ื™ืœื™ืš. ืึท ื’ืึทื ืฅ ื™ืึถื”ืจ ืื™ืŸ ืึทืคึผื™ืงื•ืจืก, ืื•ืŸ 
ืฉืžื—ืช-ืชื•ืจื” ืึตื™ื™ืŸ ืขื”ืจืœื™ื›ืขืจ ืื™ื“. ื ื’ืึทื ืฅ ื™ืึถื”ืจ ืึท ืคื™ืœืึธื•ืึธืฃ, 
ืื•ืŸ ืฉืžื—ืช-ืชื•ืจื” ืึท ืžืึทืจืฉืขืœืึธืง, ืื•ืŸ ื ืึธืš ืฐืึธืก ืคืึทืจ ื ืžืึธืจืฉืข- 
ืœืึธืง! ืขืก ืื™ืŸ ื›ึฐื“ืึทื™ ืึธื ืฆื•ืงื•ืงืขืŸ ืžืฉื”-ื™ืขื ืงืœืขืŸ, ืฐื•ื™ ืขืจ ื˜ืึทื ืฆื˜ ืžื™ื˜ 
ืึท ื‘ืขื–ืขื ืื™ืŸ ื”ืึทื ื“, ืžื™ื˜ ืื™ื™ืŸ ืฉื˜ื™ื•ื•ืข? ืื•ืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ืื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ืึธืจืคื•ืก ืื•ืŸ 
ื–ื™ื ื’ื˜ ื ืœื™ื˜ื•ื•ื™ืฉ ืœื™ืขื“ืขืœ: 


ื”ืึธืคึผ - ื˜ืฉื•ืง, ื‘ืขืจืขืค ! 

ื”ืึธืž - ื˜ืฉื•ืง, ืฉืžืขืจืขืœ ! 

ืžื™ื˜ ืื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ืึธืจืคื•ืก ืื•ืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ืื™ื™ืŸ ื–ึฐืึถืง, 
ืžื™ื˜'ืฅ ืœืื ื ืขืŸ ื™ืึทืžืฉืขื ืฉื˜ืึธืก, 

ืžื™ื˜'ืŸ ื•ื•ื™ื™ืกืขืŸ ืœื™ื™ื‘ืกืขืจื“ืึธืง... 


ื“ืขืจื‘ื™ื™ ืฆื™ื”ื˜-ืึทืจืฑืก ืื•ื ื–ืขืจ ืืคึผื™ืงื•ืจืก ื ืžื•ืจื' ื“ื™ื’ ืœืึทื ื’ืขืŸ 
ื˜ืœื™ืช-ืงื˜ืŸ ืื•ืŸ ื˜ืึทื ืฆื˜ ืึทื–ืฑ ื’ืจื™ื ื’, ืฐื•ื™ ืึท ืคึผืขื“ืขืจ, ืงื•ื™ื-ืงื•ื™ื ืฐืึธืก 
ืขืจ ืจื™ื”ืจื˜ ืึธืŸ ื“ื™ ืขืจื“ ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ ืคื™ืก. ืื•ืŸ ืขืจ ื ืขืžื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืึทืจื•ื ืžื™ื˜ 
ืืœืขืžืขืŸ, ืื•ืŸ ืขืจ ืงื•ืฉื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืžื™ื˜ ืึทืœืขืžืขืŸ, ืžื™ื˜ ื—ืกื™ื“ื™ื ืื•ืŸ ื ื™ืฉื˜ 
ืžื™ื˜ ื—ืกื™ื“ื™ื, ืื•ืŸ ื˜ืขื ื—ื”'ื˜ ืžื™ื˜ ื˜ืจืขืจืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื™ ืื•ื™ื ืขืŸ: 

--- ื‘ืึทืจืขื›ืขื ื˜ ื ืึธืจ, ืฐืึธืก ืคืืจ ืึท ื’ืจื•ื™ืกืขืŸ ื’ืึธื˜ ืžื™ืจ ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ ! 
ืฐืึธืก ืคืึทืจ ื ื’ืจื•ื™ืกืขืŸ ื ืึธื˜, ืื•ืŸ ืฐืึธืก ืคืืจ ื ืฉื˜ืึทืจืงืขืŸ ื ืึธื˜, ืื•ืŸ 
ืฐืึธืก ืคืึทืจ ื ื’ืขืฐืึทืœื˜ื™ื ืขืŸ ื ืึธื˜, ืฐืึธืก ืžืข ืงืึธืŸ ืื™ื”ื ื’ืึธืจื ื™ืฉื˜ 
ืžืฉื™ื’ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืžื™ื˜'ืŸ ืฉื›?! ื ื•, ื•ื™ ืึทื–ืฑ ื–ืึธืœืขืŸ ืžื™ืจ ื–ื™ืš ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืื™ื‘ืขืจ" 
ื ืขืžืขืŸ ? ื•ื™ ืึทื–ืฑ ื–ืึธืœืขืŸ ืžื™ืจ ื–ื™ืš ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืคืจื™ื™ื”ืขืŸ, ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื˜ืจื™ื ืงืขืŸ 
ืงื™ื™ืŸ ?ื—ื™ื™ื ? ืœื—ื™ื™ื, ืื™ื“ืขืŸ! ืœื—ื™ื™ื! ืœืฉื ื” ื”ื‘ืื” ื‘ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื {.- 


ืžืข ืื•ืœื™ืขื˜ 247 


ื“ืขืจ ืขื•ืœื ื”ืึธื˜ ื’ืืจ ืคืขืจื’ืขืžืขืŸ, ืึทื– ืžืฉื”ื™ืขื ืงืข? ืื™ืŸ ื 
ื—ืงืจืŸ, ื ืžื™ืœืึธื–ืึธืฃ ืื•ืŸ ืึตื™ื™ืŸ ืืคึผื™ืงื•ืจื˜, ืื•ืŸ ืžืข ื˜ืจื™ื ืงื˜ ืžื™ื˜ ืื™ื”ื 
ืœื—ื™ื™ื ืื•ืŸ ืžืข ื ืขืžื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืžื™ื˜ ืื™ื”ื ื‘ื™ื™ ื“ื™ ื”ืขื ื“, ืื•ืŸ ืžืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ 
ื–ื™ืš ืžืฉืžื— ืžื™ื˜'ืŸ ื™ื•ื-ืžื•ื‘, ืื•ืŸ ืžืข ื”ื•ืงื™ืขื˜, ืื•ืŸ ืžืข ื”ื•ืœื™ืขื˜. 


'. 
ืฉืขื™ื—-ื“ื•ื“ ื‘ื’ืขืœ-ื™ืชืฉื•ื‘ื”. 


ืžืกืชืžื ืื™ื– ืขืจ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ื™ื•ื ื’ืข ื™ืึธื”ืจืขืŸ ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ื ื’ืจื•ื™ื˜ืขืจ ื‘ืขืœ- 
ื—ื˜ืขื, ื˜ื– ืขืจ ืื™ื– ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ืขืจ ืขืœื˜ืขืจ ื’ืขืฐืึธืจืขืŸ ืึท ื›ืขืœ-ืชืฉื•ื‘ื”. 

ืึทืžืึธืœ ื”ืึธื˜ ืขืจ ื’ืขื”ื™ื™ืกืขืŸ ืึตื™ื™ืŸ ืึทื ื“ืขืจ ื ืึธืžืขืŸ: ืฉืขื™ื”"ื“ื•ื“ 
ื“ืขืจ ื›ืœื™-ื–ืžืจ, ืขืจ ืื™ืŸ ืึท ื›ืœื™-ื•ืžืจ,. ื“ืึธืก ืจื•ื‘ ื›ืœื™-ื–ืžืจ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื ืข- 
ื—ืึทืคึผื˜, ื–ืึธื’ื˜ ืžืขืŸ. ื“ื™ ืคึผืจื ืกื” ื–ื™ื™ืขืจืข ืื™ืŸ ืึทื–ืขืœื›ืข. ืžืข ื”ืึธื˜ ืฆื• 
ื˜ื”ื•ืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ืžื™ื™ื“ืœืขืš ืื•ืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ื•ื•ื™ื™ื‘ืœืขืš. ืื•ืŸ ื•ื•ืข ? ืื•ื™ืฃ ื—ืชื•ื ื•ืช, 
ืื•ื™ืฃ ืคืึทืจืฉืคึผื™ืขืœืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื—ืชืŸ-ืžืึธืœืก,. ืคื•ืŸ ืคืจื•ืžืงื™ื™ื˜ ืื™ืŸ ืžืขืŸ 
ื•ื•ื™ื™ื˜, ืคื•ืŸ ืื™ื“ื™ืฉืงื™ื™ื --- ืึธืคึผื’ืขืจื™ืกืขืŸ. ื”ื™ื™ื ื˜ ื“ื™ ื”ืœื‘ืฉื” ื–ื™ื™ืขืจืข, 
ื“ืึธืก ืึธื ื˜ื”ื•ืŸ ื–ื™ืš ื‘ื™ื™ ื–ื™ื™ ืื™ืŸ ืื•ืžืขื˜ื•ื ืื•ืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ืชืžื™ื“ ืึถืŸ ืžืขืฉืช 
ืคืจืึทื ื˜. 

ืคืึทืจื”ื˜ืŸ ืžืขื ืฉืขืŸ, ืฐืึธืก ื’ืขื“ืขื ืงืขืŸ ื ืึธืš ืฉืขื™ื”"ื“ื•ื“ ื“ืขื ื‘ืœื•- 
ื–ืžืจ ืžื™ื˜ ืึท ืคึผืึทื˜ืœืข ื”ืึธืจ ืื•ื™ืค'ืŸ ืงืึธืคึผ ื’ืขืงืจื™ื™ื–ืขืœื˜ืข, ืžื™ื˜ ืื™ื™ืŸ ืื•ื - 
ื˜ืขืจื’ืขื”ืึทืกื˜ืขืจ ืงืึทืคึผืึธื˜ืข, ืื•ืŸ ื ืฉื•ืืจืฆืข ื˜ืขื ื“ืขืฐื•ืขืจืขื ื“ืข ื”ืึธื˜ 
ืขืจ ื ืขื˜ืจืึธื ืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื™ ืึทื›ื˜ืœืขืŸ, ืื•ืŸ ื“ืึธืก ื‘ืขืจื“ืขืœ --- ืึท ืกื‘ืจื -- 
ืื™ื– ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ืื•ื ื˜ืขืจื’ืขืคึผื•ืฆื˜. 

ื”ื™ื™ื ื˜ ื”ืึธื˜ ืขืจ ื–ื™ืš ืคืขืจืœืึธื–ื˜ ื‘ืึธืจื“ ืื•ืŸ ืคึผืื•ืช, ื ืงืึทืคืึธื˜ืข 
ื˜ืจืึธื’ื˜ ืขืจ ืึท ืœืึทื ื’ืข, ืึท ืื™ื“ื™ืฉืข, ืื•ืŸ ืื™ื– ื“ืขืจ ืื™ื™ื ืฆื™ื’ืขืจ ืฆื•ื•ื™ืฉืขืŸ 
ื“ื™ ื›ืœื™-ื–ืžืจ, ืฐืึธืก ืœืึธื–ื˜ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื“ื•ืจืš ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจืคืจื™ื” ืื•ืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ืขืจ- 
ื’ืึทื›ื˜ ื“ืึธืก ื“ืึทื•ื•ื ืขืŸ. 

ื ืึธืจ ืก'ืื™ื– ืคืึทืจื”ืืŸ ืึทืœืขืจืœืฒื™ ื“ืื•ื•ื ืขืจืก ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ืขืจ ื•ืขืœื˜. 
ืฉืขื™ื”-ื“ื•ื“ ื“ืึทืฐืขื ื˜ ื ื™ืฉื˜, ืฐื™ ืืœืข ืžืขื ืฉืขืŸ. ืขืจืฉื˜ืขื ืก, ืฉืจื™ื™ื˜ 
ืขืจ. ืขืจ ื’ืฐืึทืœื“ืขืฐืขื˜ ืึทื–ืฑ, ื’ืœื™ื™ืš ืฐื™ ื“ืขืจ ืื™ื“ื™ืฉืขืจ ื’ืึธื˜ ืฐืึธืœื˜ 
ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ื‘ืืžืช ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ืึทื–ืฑ ืึทืœื˜, ืึทืŸ ืžืข ื“ืึทืจืฃ ืฆื• ืื™ื”ื ืฉืจื™ื™ืขืŸ. 

248 


ืžืข ื”ื•ืœื•ืขื˜ 2409 


ื”ื™ื™ื ื˜ ื”ืึธื˜ ืึธื˜ ื“ืขืจ ื›ืœื™-ื–ืžืจ 8 ื˜ื‘ืข ื–ืึทื ืขืŸ ืฆื•ื•ื™ื™ ืกืืœ ืึท ืฐืึธืจื˜ 
ืื•ืŸ ืฆื•ื•ื™ื™ ืžืึธืœ ืึท ืฉื•ืจื” -- ืขืจ ื”ืึธื˜ ืžื•ืจื, ื˜ืึธืžืขืจ ืฐืึธื˜ ืขืจ ื“ื•ืจื‘- 
ื’ืขืœืื–ื˜, ืœืึธื–, ื–ืึธื’ื˜ ืขืจ, ืžื™ื™ื ืก ืื™ื‘ืขืจื’ืขื”ืŸ ; , ื‘ืจื•ืš ื‘ืจื•ืš, ืฉืึทื˜ืžืฑ 
ืฉืึธืžืจ, ื•ื”ื™ื” ื•ื”ื™ื” -- ื‘ืจื•ืš ืฉืืžืจ ื•ื—ื™ื”, ื‘ืจื•ืšืฃ ืฉืืžืจ (ื”ื™ื”.. 
ื—ืขื•ืœื ื”ืขื•ืœื, ื‘ืจื•ืš ื‘ืจื•ืš, ื—ื•ื ื”ื•ึนื, ื‘ืจื•ืš ื‘ืจื•ืš, ืชื•ืจ ื’ื•ื”ืจ -- 
ื”ืขื•ืœื ื‘ืจื•ืš ื”ื•ื ื‘ืจื•ืš ื ื–ืจ, ื”ืขื•ืœื ื‘ึผืจื•ืš ื”ื•ื ื‘ืจื•ืš ื’ื•ื•ืจ .., 
ืžืฉื•ื ืข ืฆื• ื•ื•ืขืจืขืŸ ! ื“ื™, ืฐืึธืก ื–ื™ืฆืขืŸ ื ืขื‘ืขืŸ ืื™ื”ื, ื–ืื ืขืŸ, 8ื– ืก'ืื™ื– 
ืคื•ืŸ ืื™ื”ื ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืื•ื™ืกืฆื•ื—ืึทืœื˜ืขืŸ; ืขืจ ืคืขืจืฉืจื™ื™ื˜ ื–ื™ื™ ื“ืขื ืงืึธื˜, 
ืื•ืŸ ืžื™ื ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืื™ื‘ืขืจ'ื—ื–ืจ'ืขืŸ ืฆื•ื•ื™ื™ ืžืึธืœ ื ืฐืึธืจื˜ ืฉืœืึทื ื˜ ืขืจ ื–ื™ 
ืึทืจืื‘ึผ, ื–ืึธื ืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™, ืคื•ื 'ื ื•ื•ืขื’ื’ 

ื•ืืก ืื™ื– ื“ื™ ืžืขืฉื”, ืฐืึธืก ืฉืขื™ื—-ื“ื•ืจ ืื™ืŸ ื˜ื™ื˜ ืฉ ืžืึธืœ ื ืข- 
ื•ื•ืืจืขืŸ ืื–ื ืคืจื•ืžืขืจ ืื™ื“ --- ื•ื•ื™ื™ืกื˜ ืงื™ื™ื ืขืจ ื ื™ืฉื˜. ืื– ืื™ื—ืจ ืฐืขื˜ 
ืื™ื”ื ืคืจืขื ืขืŸ, ืฐืขื˜ ืขืจ ืื™ื™ืš ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืขื ื˜ืคืขืจืขืŸ,. ืื•ืŸ ืึดื– ืื™ื”ืจ ื•ื•ืขื˜ 
ืคื•ืŸ ืื™ื”ื ืœืึทื›ืขืŸ, ืฐืขื˜ ืขืจ ื–ื™ืš ืžืื›ืขืŸ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื•ื•ื™ืกืขื ื“ื™ื’. ืื•ืŸ 5533 
ืฐื™ื™ืกื˜ ืื™ื”ืจ ื ื™ืฉื˜, ืฐืึธืก ืžื™ื˜ ืื™ื”ื ื˜ื”ื•ื˜ ื–ื™ืš, ื ืฉื˜ื™ืœืขืจ ืื™ืจ, 
ื ืคืขืจื‘ืึธืจื’ืขื ืขืจ, ื ื‘ืขืœ-ืชืฉื•ื‘ื”. 

ืขืคึผื™ืก ื”ืึธื˜ ืกื™ื˜ ื“ืขื ืžืขื ืฉืขืŸ ื‘ืขื“ืืจืคื˜ ืคึฟืึธืจืงื•ืžืขืŸ. ืื™ืŸ 
ืฉื˜ืึธื“ื˜ ื–ืึธื’ื˜ ืžืขืŸ, ืึทื– ื“ืึธืก ื™ื™ื‘ ื”ืึธื˜ ืื™ื”ื ืึทืฐืขืงื’ืขืฐืืจืžืขืŸ, 
ื’ืืš ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ื™ื’ืขื ื“, ืื•ืŸ ืžื™ืื•ืก ืึทืฐืขืงื’ืขืฐืืจืคืขืŸ, ืื ื˜ืœืืžืขืŸ 
ืžื™ื ื ,ืคึผืึธืžืึธื˜ืฉื ื™ืง ืคึผืจื™ืกื˜ืื•ื•". ื’ืขื–ืขืกืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืฉื›ื ื•ืช, ื ืฉืžื™- 
ืœืข ื’ื•ื™. ืœื™ืขื‘ ื ืขื”ืื˜ ืึท ืื™ื“ืขืŸ. ื’ืขื” ืจื™ื›ื˜ ื–ื™ืš, ืึทื– ืฐืขืŸ ืžืข 
ื•ื•ืขื ืื™ื”ื ืืจื™ื‘ืขืจืคื™ื”ืจืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืื™ื™ืŸ ืื ื“ืขืจ ืฉื˜ืึธื“ื˜, ืฐืขื ืขืจ 
ืื™ื‘ืขืจืจืขื“ืขืŸ ืฉืขื™ื”-ื“ื•ื“ ื“ืขื ื›ืœื™-ื–ืžืจ'ืก ื•ื•ื™ื™ื‘, ื–ื™ ื–ืึธืœ ืกื™ื˜ ืื™ื”ื 
ืžื™ืžืคืึธื”ืจืขืŸ., ืฐืึธืœื˜ ื“ืึธืก ื”ืึธื˜ืฉ ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ื‘ื™ื™ื˜ืึธื’, ืฐืึธืœื˜ ื–ื™ ืืคืฉืจ 
ืฉืขื™ื—-ื“ื•ื“ืš ืื™ื‘ืขืจื’ืขืจืขื“ื˜ ืฆื•ืจื™ืง, ืึธื“ืขืจ ืคืขืจื”ืืœื˜ืขืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ื ื•ืืœืจ. 
ื”ืึธื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืขืก ืึธื‘ืขืจ ื‘ืขื“ืืจืคื˜ ื˜ืจืขืคืขืŸ ื‘ื™ื™ื ืึทื›ื˜, ืื•ืŸ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืื™ืŸ ืึท 
ืคึผืจืึธืกื˜ืขืŸ ื˜ืึธื’, ื ืึธืจ ืื™ืŸ ื ืคืจื™ื™ื˜ืึทื -ืฆ-ื ืื›ื˜ืก, -- ื’ืขื” ืคืึธื”ืจ 
ืื™ื”ืจ ื ืึธืš ! ื“ืขืจ ื‘ื–ื™ื•ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ื’ืขื ื•ื’. ื’ืจื•ื™ืก, ืื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ื•ื•ืขื”ื˜ื™ื’ 
ื ืึธืš ื’ืจืขืกืขืจ, ื–ื™ ื”ืึธื˜ ืื™ื”ื ืื™ื‘ืขืจื’ืขืœืึธื–ื˜ ืึท ืงื™ื ื“ ื ืึธืš ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ 
ื ื•ื™ืงืขืœืขืš. ืื•ื™ืค'ืŸ ืงื™ื ื“ ื”ืึธื˜ ื“ื™ ืฉื˜ืื“ื˜ ื’ืขืฉืžื•ืขืกื˜, ืื–. . . ื ืึธืจ 


250 ืฉืœื•ื"ืขืœื•ื›ืื• 
ืฐืึธืก ืžืข ืงืึธืŸ ื‘ื™ื™ ืื•ื ื– ืื™ืŸ ืฉื˜ืึธื“ื˜ ืืฑื™ืกื˜ืจืึทื›ื˜ืขืŸ !... ื“ืึธืก ืงื™ื ื“ 
ืื™ื– ื’ืขื•ื•ืื ืกืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืืฑืกื ืขืฐืึทื›ืกืขืŸ,. ืึท ืžื™ื™ื“ืขืœ, ืื•ืŸ ื ืึธืš ืึท ื™ืคืช- 
ืชื•ืืจ ื“ืขืจืฆื•, ื’ืขืจืึธื˜ืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืžืึทืžืข, ืื™ื ื’ืึทื ืฆืขืŸ ื“ื™ ืžืึทืžืข, 
ืืคื™ืœื• ืžื™ื˜'ืŸ ื›ืึทืจืึทืงื˜ืขืจ.. ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ืึท ื›ื‘ืœื”, ื’ืขื”ืึทื˜ ื ื’ืึทื ืฅ 
ืคื™ื™ื ืขื ื—ืชืŸ -- ืฐืขื˜ ืื™ื—ืจ ื”ืขืจืขืŸ. ื’ืขื”ื˜ ื–ื™ ืื•ืŸ ืฐืึทืจืคื˜ ืึทืฐืขืง 
ื“ืขื ื—ืชืŸ ืžื™ื˜'ืŸ ื˜ืึทื˜ืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ ื˜ื”ื•ื˜ ืึดืคึผ ืึท ื–ืืš, ืฐืึธืก ื ืึธืจ ืึทื–ื ืžื™ื™ื“ืขืœ, 
ืฐืึธืก ื”ืึธื˜ ืื–ื ืžืึทืžืข, ืงืึธืŸ ืื–ืขืœื›ืขื˜ ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ. ืœืึทื ื’ ื“ืขืจืฆืขื”ืœืขืŸ 
ืื™ื™ืš ื‘ืขื“ืึทืจืฃ ืžืขืŸ ื ื™ืฉื˜, ืขืก ืื™ื– ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ืึตื™ื™ืŸ ืึทืœื˜ืข ืžืขืฉื”. ื“ื™ 
ืฉื˜ืึธื“ื˜ ื”ืึธื˜ ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ืคึฟืึทื ื’ ืคืขืจื’ืขืกืขืŸ. ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืคืขืจื’ืขืกืขืŸ ื”ืึธื˜ ืขื 
ื ืึธืจ ื“ืขืจ ืคืึธื˜ืขืจ. ื•ื™ ืงืึธืŸ ืึท ืคืึธื˜ืขืจ ืคืขืจื’ืขืžืขืŸ ืึตื™ื™ืŸ ืื™ื™ืŸ"ืื•ืŸ- 
ืื™ื™ื ืฆื™ื’ ืงื™ื ื“, ื–ื™ ืžืขื’ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ื’ืจืขืกื˜ืข ื‘ืขืค-ืขื‘ื™ืจื”'ื ื™ืฆืข, ื“ื™ ืฉืขื ื“- 
ืœื™ื›ืกื˜ืข ืคืขืจื‘ืจืขื›ืขืจื™ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ื•ื•ืขืœื˜? ืคึฟืึธืจื˜ ื ืงื™ื ื“! 

ืืžืช, ืฉืขื™ื”-ื“ื•ื“ ื”ืึธื˜ ื ืึธืš ืžื™ื˜ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืžืขื ืฉ ื“ืขืจืคื•ืŸ ื ื™ืฉื 
ื’ืขืจืขื“ื˜. ืžื™ื˜ ื•ื•ืขืžืขืŸ ื•ื•ืขื˜ ืขืจ ืจืขื“ืขืŸ, ืึตื™ื™ืŸ ืขืœืขื ื“ืขืจ ืื•ืŸ ืึท ืคืขืจ- 
ื‘ืึธืจื’ืขื ืขืจ ? ืื•ืŸ ื•ื•ืขืจ ื•ื•ืขื˜ ืื™ื”ื ืคืจืขื ืขืŸ ืื–ื ื–ืืš? ืฐืขืจ ื•ืขื 
ืื™ื”ื ื ืขื—ืŸ ื–ืึทืœืฆืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื™ ื•ื•ืื•ื ื“ืข? ืื•ืŸ ืฐืึธืก ืฐืขื˜ ื”ืขืœืคืขืŸ 
ื“ืึธืก ืจืขื“ืขืŸ ? ื ื’ืœื™ืง, ื•ืืก ืขืก ืžืื›ื˜ ื–ื™ืš ื˜ืžืึธืœ ื ื—ืชื•ื ื”, ืึท ืžืึธืจ" 
ืฉืคึผื™ืข? ืื•ืŸ ืึท ื—ืชืŸ-ืžืึธืœ ืื•ืŸ ืžืข ื“ืึทืจืฃ ื ืขื”ืŸ ืฉืคึผื™ืขืœืขืŸ. ืฉืคึผื™ืขืœืขืŸ 
ืื™ื– ืฉืขื™ื—-ื“ื•ื“ ื’ืขื’ืึทื ื’ืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ืขืจ ืึทื ื“ืขื“ืขืจ ื•ื•ืึธืš ื ืื›'ืŸ ืื•ืžื ืœื™ืง. 
ืฐืึธืก ื–ืึธืœ ืžืขืŸ ื˜ื”ื•ืŸ ? --- ืคึผืจื ืกื” ! ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื’ืขื”ืŸ ืฉืคึผื™ืขืœืขืŸ -- ืฐื•ืขื˜ 
ืžืขืŸ ืื™ื”ื ืืจื•ื™ืกื•ืืจืคืขืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ืึธืจืงืขืกื˜ืขืจ. ืื™ืฆื˜ ื”ืึธื˜ ืขืจ ืฉื™ืŸ 
ืคืืจ ืึทืจืฑื™ืกืฐืึทืจืคืขืŸ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืžื•ืจื ื ื™ืฉื˜. ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ื‘ืึทืœื“ ืคื•ืคืฆื™ื’ ื™ืึธื”ืจ 
ืื– ืึท ืžืขื ืฉ ืฉืคึผื™ืขืœื˜. ืžืึธื”ืœื˜ ืึทื™ื™ืš, ืึทืœืฅ ื”ื™ื™ืกื˜ ื’ืขืฉืคึผื™ืขืœื˜. 
ืืžืึธืœ, ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ื™ื•ื’ืขื ื“, ืงืึธืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ, ื”ืึธื˜ ืขืจ ืืคืฉืจ ื’ืขืฉืคึผื™ืขืœื˜. 
ื”ื™ื™ื ื˜ ืจื™ืžืคึผืขืœื˜ ืขืจ. ืขืจ ื”ืึทืœื˜-ืฆื• ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ืขื“ ืฆื•ื•ื™ื™ื˜ืขืจ ืคื™ืขื“ืขืœ, 
ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ืขืจ ืกืขืงื•ื ื“ืข. 

ืจืื-ื˜ืื, ื˜ืึทืก-ื˜ืื 
ืจืื-ื˜ืืค, ื˜ืึทืก-ื˜ืื 

ืื•ืŸ ื‘ืฉืขืช ืจื™ืžืคึผืœืขืŸ ืžืึทื›ื˜ ื–ื™ืš, ืึทื– ืฉืขื™ื”-ื“ื•ื“ ื”ืฑื™ื‘ื˜-ืึธืŸ ืฆื• 

{ืœื™ืžืœืขืŸ, ื‘ืขืงื•ืžื˜ ืขืจ ืžื™ื˜'ืŸ ืฉื˜ืขืงืขืœืข ืคื•ืŸ ืคึผืจืฅ ื“ืขื ื“ื™ืจื™ื–ืฉืึธืจ 


ืžืข ื”ื•ืœื™ืขื˜ 284 


ืื™ื›ืขืจ ื“ืขืจ ื ืึธืŸ: ,ืฑื˜ ื–ื™ื™ื˜-ื–ืฉืข-ืžื•ื—?, ืฉื˜ืขื”ื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืฆื• ื˜ืœื™ื—ื•ืช". 
ื—ื‘ืจื” ื›ืœื™ื™ื–ืžืจ ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ ื“ืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ื˜ืขืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ืฉืขื™ื”-ื“ื•ื“'ืขืŸ 4 ืžืข ื˜ื”ื•ื˜ 
ืื™ื”ื, ืฐืึธืก ืžืข ื˜ื”ื•ื˜ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืื™ื“ืขืŸ ื ื™ืฉื˜. ืžืข ื ื ื‘ื”'ื˜ ืืฐืขืง ื‘ื™ื™ 
ืื™ื”ื ื“ื™ ืงืื ืขืคืืœื™ืข, ืืžืึธืœ ืฉืžื™ืจื˜ ืžืขืŸ ืื™ื”ื ืึธืŸ ื“ืขื ืกืžื™ื˜ืฉื™ืง 
ืžื™ื˜ ืคึผื•ื˜ืขืจ, ืžืข ืœืขื ื˜ ืื™ื”ื ืืจื™ื™ืŸ ื ืงืึทืฅ ืื™ืŸ ืฉื™ื™ื“ืขืœ? -- ืื•ืŸ 
ืฉืขื™ื”-ื“ื•ื“ ื–ึนืึตืœ ื“ืึธืก ืื™ื‘ืขืจืงืขื—ืจืขืŸ ื“ื™ ืฆื•ื ื’! ื ืฉื˜ื™ืœืขืจ ืื™ืฃ, 8 
,ืคืขืจื‘ื™ืกืขื ืขืจ? --- ื–ืึธื ืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืื™ื”ื ื”ื‘ืจื” ื›ืœื™ืจื•ืžืจ ืื•ืŸ ื˜ื”ื•ืขืŸ 
ืื™ื”ื ืฆื•ื ื˜ื•ื™ื˜. 

ืžืขื”ืจ ืคื•ืŸ ืึทืœืข ื“ืขืงื•ื˜ืฉืขื˜ ืื™ื”ื , ืคึผืจืฅ ื“ืขืจ ื“ื™ืจื™ื–ืฉืึธืจ" ืžืึทืจ 
ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืคืจื•ืžืงื™ื™ื˜. ืคึผืจืฅ ืื™ื– ื ื™ื•ื ื’ืขืจืžื˜ืŸ ื˜ ืฉื˜ืฉืึทื ืขืœ ืžื™ื˜ ื ื’ื ืขืœ 
ืื•ื ื˜ืขืจื’ืขืฉื•ื™ืจืขืŸ ื‘ืขืจื“ืขืœ, ืžื™ื˜ ืงืœื™ื™ืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื™ ื”ืขื ื“, ื”ืืœื˜ ื–ื™ืฃ 
ืคืืจ ืึท ื’ืจื•ื™ืกืขืŸ ืžื•ื–ื™ืงืขืจ, , ืกืึทื˜ืฉื™ื ื™ื˜ืขื˜ ื ืึธื˜ืขืŸ" ืื•ืŸ ืžืึทื›ื˜ ื‘ืขืช 
ื“ื™ืจื™ื–ืฉื™ืจืขืŸ ืื–ืขืœื›ืข ืื ืฉื˜ืขืœื˜ืŸ ืกื™ื˜'ืŸ ืึธืจืงืขืกื˜ืขืจ, ืึทืŸ ืžืข ืงืึธืŸ 
ืฉื˜ืืจื‘ืขืŸ } ื‘ื™ื™ ืคืจืฆ'ืขืŸ ืืจื‘ื™ื™ื˜ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื ืึธืจ ื“ืึธืก ืฉื˜ืขืงืขืœืข -- ื‘ื™ื™ 
ืื™ื”ื ืืจื‘ื™ื™ื˜ืขืŸ ื“ื™ ื”ืขื ื“, ืื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืงืึธืคึผ, ืื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืืฑื’ืขืŸ, ืื•ืŸ ื“ื™ 
ื‘ืจืขืžืขืŸ, ืื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื ืึธื–, ืื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืžื™ื, ืื•ืŸ ืฐืึธืก ืื™ื”ืจ ื•ื™ืœื˜. ื“ืึธืก 
ืฉืคึผื™ืขืœืขืŸ, ื–ืึธื’ื˜ ืขืจ, ืžืึทื›ื˜ ืื™ื”ื ื ืขืจื•ืขื•. ื ืึธืจ ื—ื‘ืจื” ื›ืœื™ื•ืžืจ 
ืจื•ืคืขืŸ ืขืก ืžืฉื•ื ืข. ืื•ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืžืฉื•ื ืขืช ืคืึธื–ื˜ ืขืจ ืื•ื™ืก, ืžื™ื™ื ืกื˜ืขื ื, 
ืฆื• ืฉืขื™ื”-ื“ื•ื“'ืขืŸ, ืื™ื”ื ืœืึธื–ื˜ ืขืจ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืืค ืืฑืฃ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืžื™ื ื•ื˜. 
,ืจื‘ ื–ื™ื™ื˜-ื–ืฉืข-ืžื•ื—?? --- ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืึทื ื“ืขืจ ื ืึธืžืขืŸ ื”ืึธื˜ ืขืจ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื‘ื™ื™'ื 
,ื“ื™ืจื™ื–ืฉืึธืš". 

--- ืจื‘ ื–ื™ื™ื˜-ื–ืฉืข-ืžื•ื—?, ืคืืจืฉืžืคื™ืœื™ืขื˜ ื“ื™ ืงืึทืคึผืึธื˜ืข. 

--- ืจื‘ ื–ื™ื™ื˜-ื–ืฉืข-ื“ืžื•ื—ืœ, ื‘ืื”ืืœื˜ ื“ื™ ืฆื™ืฆื•. 

--- ืจื‘ ื–ื™ื™ื˜-ื–ืฉืข-ืžื•ื—?, ืื™ื”ืจ ืงืึธื ืก ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ื’ืขื”ืŸ ื“ืืฐื ืขืŸ 

--- ืจื‘ ื–ื™ื™ื˜-ื–ืฉืข-ืžื•ื—?, ื•ื•ื™ืคื™ืข? ืงืึทืคึผื™ื˜ืœืขืš ืชื—ืœื™ื ื”ืึธื˜ ืื™ื”ืจ 
ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ื™ื ื˜ ืฉืจื™ื™ื ื’ืขืฉืœื•ื ื ืขืŸ ืื•ื™ื'ืŸ ื ื™ื‘ื˜ืขืจืขืŸ ื”ืืจืฆืขืŸ? 

ื—ื‘ื“ื” ื›ืœื™-ื•ืžืจ ืฐืขืจืขืŸ ืฆืขืฉืžืึธืœืฆืขืŸ ืคื•ื 'ื ื ืขืœืขืŸ ื“ื™ืจื™ื–ืฉืืฑ'ืก 
ื—ื›ืžื•ืช, ืื•ืŸ ืฉืขื™ื”-ื“ื•ื“ ื“ืขืจ ืกืขืงื•ื ื“ื ื™ืง --- ืฉื˜, ื’ืœื™ื™ืš ืฐื•ื™ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืื™ืชื 
ืžื™ื™ื ื˜ ืžืขืŸ. ืึท ืคึผืขืจื˜ืจืึทื ืขื ืขืจ ืžืคืืš. 


909 | ืฉืœื•ื-ืขืœื•ื›ื 


ืฐืึธื”ื ืขืŸ ืฐืึธื”ื ื˜ ืฉืขื™ื”-ื“ื•ื“ ืื™ืŸ ืขื˜ ืฉื˜ืึธื“ื˜, ืขืจื ื™ืฅ ื‘ื™ื™ ื ื’ื•ื™, 
ืงืึธื›ื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืึทืœื™ืŸ ืึดืคึผ ื“ืึธืก ืขืกืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืึท ื˜ืขืคึผืขืœืข ืื•ืŸ ื˜ื”ื•ื˜ ืึทืœึตื™ื™ืŸ 
ืึทืœืกื“ื™ื ื’, ืฐืึธืก ืžืข ื“ืึทืจืฃ. ื–ื•ืžืขืจ ืงืึธื ื˜ ืื™ื”ืจ ืื™ื”ื ื‘ืขื’ืขื’ืขื ืขืŸ 
ื’ืขื”ืŸ ืคื•ื 'ื ืžืึทืจืง ืžื™ื˜ ื ื“ื™ื ื™ ืึธื“ึถืขืจ ืžื™ื˜ ืึท ืจืขื˜ืืš ืื•ื ื˜ืขืจ'ืŸ 
ืึธืจืขื. ื’ืขื”ื˜ ืฉื˜ื™ืœืข ื˜ืจื™ื˜, ื“ืขืจ ืงืึธืคึผ ืึทืจืึธืคึผื ืขืœืึธื–ื˜ ืึทืจืึธืคึผ, ืื•ืŸ 
ื’ืขืงื•ืžืขืŸ ืึทื”ื™ื™ื, ื–ืขืฆื˜ ืขืจ ื–ื™ืš ืึทืฐืขืง ืึธื“ืขืจ ื“ืึทื•ื•ื ืขืŸ, ืึธื“ืขืจ ื–ืึธื’ืขืŸ 
ืชื—ืœื™ื ืฉื˜ื™ืœืขืจื”ื™ื™ื“ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื ื ื™ื ื•ืŸ, ืื•ืŸ ืฆื•ื•ื™ื™ ืžืึธืœ ืึท ืฐืึธืจื˜, ื•ื™ 
ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืฉื˜ื™ื™ื’ืขืจ ืื™ื–ืŸ : , ืืฉืจื™ ืืฉืจื™, ื”ืื™ืฉ ื”ืื™ืฉ, ืืฉืจ ืืฉืจ, ืœื ืœื, 
ื—ืœืš ื”ืœืš --- ืืฉืจื™ ื—ืื™ืฉ ืืฉืจ ืœื ื”ืœืš, ืืฉืจื™ ื”ืื™ืฉ ืืฉืจ ืคื 
ื”ืœืš".,. ืึท ืฉื˜ื™ืœืขืจ ื‘ืขืœ-ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ! 

ืคึผืœื•ืฆื™ื ื•ื•ืึทื›ืกื˜-ืื•ื™ืก ืื•ื ื–ืขืจ ืฉื˜ื™ืœืขืจ ื‘ืขืœ-ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ืžื™ื˜ ื 
ื’ืึทื ืฆืขืŸ ืงืึธืคึผ ื”ืขื›ืขืจ, ืื•ืŸ ืคึผืœื•ืฆื™ื ืฐืึทืคึผื˜ ืขืจ ื–ื™ืš ืื•ื™ืฃ, ื•ื•ืขืจื“ ืžื•ื - 
ื˜ืขืจ, ืœืขื‘ืขื“ื™ื’ ืื•ืŸ ืคืจื™ื™ืœื™ืš, 

ื“ืึธืก ืื™ื–ืŸ ืื™ื 'ื ื˜ืึธื’ ืคื•ืŸ ืฉืžื—ืช-ืชื•ืจื”. 

ื•ื•ืขืจ ืจื™ื™ืกื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืืจื™ื™ืŸ ื ืคืืจื˜ื™ื ืขืจ, ื ืคืขืจืงื ืืงื˜ืขืจ ืคื™ื˜ ื“ื™ 
ื”ื•ืœื™ืึทืงืขืก ืื™ืŸ ืฉื•ื”ืœ ืึทืจื™ื™ืŸ, ื‘ืขืช ื“ืขืจ ืขื•ึนืœื ืื™ืŸ ื ืึธืš ื ื™ื›ื˜ืขืจ ืื•ืŸ 
ื“ืึทืฐืขื ื˜ ื ืึธืš ? ืฐื•ืขืจ ืฉืœืขืคึผื˜-ืึธืคึผ ื“ืขื ื—ื–ืŸ ืคื•ื 'ื‘ ืขืžื•ื“ ืื•ืŸ ืฉื˜ืขืœื˜- 
ืึทืฐืขืง ืื•ื™ืฃ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืึธืจื˜ ืืœื™ืง ื“ืขื ืžืขื›ืึทื ื™ืง, ืึทื– ืขืจ ื–ืึธืœ ื–ื™ืš ืฆืขื‘ืืž- 
ืงืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ืึทืกืึธืฐืขืจ ืฉื˜ื™ืžืข ืื•ืŸ ื—ื‘ืจื” ื—ื•ืœื™ืืงืขืก ื–ืึธืœืขืŸ ืื™ื”ื 
ืื•ื ื˜ืขืจื”ืขืœืคืขืŸ ืžื™ื˜'ืŸ ื’ืึทื ืฆืขืŸ ืคึผืึทืจืึทื“? ื•ื•ืขืจ ืฉื˜ืขืœื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืึทืฐืขืง 
ื‘ื™ื™'ื ืึทืจื•ืŸื“ืงื•ื“ืฉ ืื•ื™ืกื˜ื™ื™ืœืขืŸ ื“ื™ ืคึผืกื•ืงื™ื ืคื•ืŸ , ืืชื”-ื—ืจืื™ืช" ืฆื•ื™- 
ืฉืขืŸ ื“ื™ ื”ื•ึนืœื™ืึทืงืขืก ? 

ืงื™ื™ื ืขืจ ื ื™ืฉื˜, ื ืึธืจ ืฉืขื™ื”-ื“ื•ื“ ื“ืขืจ ื›ืœื™-ื–ืžืŸ. ืื˜ ื“ืขืจ ืฉื˜ื™ืœืขืจ 
ื‘ืขืœ-ืชืฉื•ื‘ื”, ืฐืึธืก ืžืข ื”ืขืจื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ืื™ื”ื ืงื™ื™ืŸ ื”ื•ื™ืš ืฐืึธืจื˜ ื ื ืื ืฅ 
ื™ืึธื—ืจ, ืื™ื– ื“ืึธืก ืžื™ื˜ ืึท ืžืึธืœ ื’ืขืฐืึธืจืขืŸ ืึท ื’ืึทื ืฆืขืจ ื‘ืจืขื›ืขืจ, ืึท ืงืึธ- 
ืžืื ื“ื™ืจ, ืึท ืจืขื“ืขืœืคื™ื”ื“ืขืจ, ืขืจ ืจื•ืคื˜-ืึทืจื•ื™ืก ืžื™ื˜ ื ื ื™ื’ื•ึนืŸ ื“ื™ ื—ื‘ืจื” 
ื”ื•ืœื™ืึทืงืขืก ืื™ื™ื ืฆื™ื ื•ื•ื™ื™ื– ืื•ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืžื›ื‘ื“ ื™ืขื“ืขืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ืึท ืคึผืกื•ืง ืคื•ืŸ 
ืืชื”-ื”ืจืื™ืช" : 

--- ืื™ื– ืžืขืŸ ืžื›ื‘ื“ ื”ืชื•ืจื ื™ ืจื‘ ืืœื™ืก ืžืขื›ื˜ื ื™ืง ืžื™ื˜'ืŸ ืขืจ- 
ืฉื˜ืขืŸ ืคึผืกื•ืง ืคื•ืŸ ืืชื—-ื—ืจืื™ืช ! 


ืคึฟืข ื”ื•ืœื™ืขื˜ 908 


-- ืื™ื– ืžืขืŸ ืžื›ื‘ื“ ื”ืชื•ืจื ื™ ื—ืกื ื“ืœืจ ืจื‘ ืงืึธืžืขืœ ื‘ืขืœ-ืžื— ืžื™ื˜'ืฅ 
ืฆื•ื•ื™ื™ื˜ืขืŸ ืคึผื˜ื•ืง ืคื•ืŸ ืืชื”-ื”ืจืื™ื— ! 

--- ืื™ื– ืžืขืŸ ืžื›ื‘ื“ ื”ืชื•ืจื ื™ ื—ืกืึทืžืึทืฐืึทืจื ื™ืง ืจื‘ ืžืขื ื“ืข? ื“ืขืจ 
ื‘ืœืขื›ืขื ืขืจ ืžื™ื˜'ืŸ ื“ืจื™ื˜ืขืŸ ืคึผืกื•ืง ืคื•ืŸ ืืชื—-ื”ืจืื™ื— ! 

ืื•ืŸ ืึทื–ืฑ ื•ื•ื™ื™ื˜ืขืจ. ืžืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืฉื˜ืืจืงืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ืื™ื–ืขืŸ, ืึทื– ืžืข 
ื”ืึทืœื˜ ื“ืึธืก ืื•ื™ืก ! ื ืึธืจ ืžืข ื”ืึธื˜ ื’ืขื“ื•ืœื“. ืžืข ืœืึทื›ื˜ ืื•ืŸ ืžืข ืกื•ืงื˜, 
ืฐืึธืก ื•ื•ืขืก ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื•ื•ื™ื™ื˜ืขืจ. ื“ืขืจ ืขื•ืœื ื•ื™ื™ืกื˜ ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ืคืจื™ื”ืขืจ, ืืก 
ื•ื•ืขืก ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื•ื•ื™ื™ื˜ืขืจ. ืžืข ื’ืขื“ืขื ืงื˜ ื“ืึธืก ืคื•ืŸ ืคืืจ-ื-ื™ืึธื”ืจืขืŸ ืฉืžื—ืช" 
ืชื•ืจื— ; ืžืข ื•ื™ื™ืกื˜, ืึทื– ื ืึธื›'ืŸ ืื•ื™ืกื˜ื™ื™ืœืขืŸ ื“ื™ ืคึผืกื•ืงื™ื ืคื•ืŸ ืืชื”" 
ื”ืจืื™ืช ืฐืขื˜ ืฉืขื™ื”-ื“ื•ื“ ื“ืขืจ ื›ืœื™-ื–ืžืจ ื ืขืžืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืกื˜ื™ื™ืœืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืš ื“ื™ 
ื”ืงืคื•ืช ืฆื•ื•ื™ืฉืขืŸ ื“ืขืจ ื”ื‘ืจื” ื”ื•ืœื™ืืงืขืก, ืžื™ื˜'ืŸ ื–ืขืœื‘ืขืŸ ื ื™ื ื•ืŸ ืื•ืŸ 
ืžื™ืž'ืŸ ืื™ื™ื’ืขื ืขื ืกื“ืจ, ื•ื•ืขืžืขืŸ ื“ื™ ืขืจืฉื˜ืข ืื•ืŸ ื•ื•ืขืžืขืŸ ื“ื™ ืฆื•ื•ื™ื™ื˜ืข 
ืื•ืŸ ืฐื•ืขืžืขืŸ ื“ื™ ื“ืจื™ื˜ืข ื”ืงืคื”, ื ืึธืจ ื–ื™ืš ืœืึธื–ื˜ ืขืจ ืื•ื™ืคืฅ ืกื•ืฃ ืื•ืŸ 
ื’ื™ื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืึทืœื™ื™ืŸ ืื•ื™ืš ืึถืคึผ ื›ื‘ื•ืš : 

-- ืื™ื– ืžืขืŸ ืžื›ื‘ื“ ื”ืชื•ืจื ื™ ื”ื›ืœื™-ื–ืžืจ ืจื‘ ืฉืขื™ื”-ื“ื•ื“ ืžื™ื˜ ื“ืขืฃ 
ืœืขืฆื˜ืขืจ ื”ืงืคื” ! 

ืื•ืŸ ื ืึธื›ื“ืขื ื ืขืžื˜ ืžืขืŸ ื–ื™ืš ืึทืœืข ื—ื‘ืจื” ื”ื•ืœื™ืึทืงืขื ืคึฟืึทืจ ื“ื™ 
ื”ืขื ื“, ืื•ืŸ ืžืข ื’ืขื”ื ืืจื•ื ื‘ืึทืœืขืžืขืจ ื ืจืึธื“, ืื•ืŸ ืžืข ื–ื™ื ื’ื˜ , ืขื•ื–ืจ- 
ื“ืœื™ื", ืื•ืŸ ืžืข ื˜ืึทื ืฆื˜, ืื•ืŸ ืžืข ืคืจื™ื™ื”ื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืžื™ื˜ ื“ืขืจ ืชื•ืจื”, ืื•ืŸ 
ืžืขื”ืจ ืคื•ืŸ ืึทืœืขืžืขืŸ -- ืฉืขื™ื—-ื“ื•ื“ ื“ืขืจ ื‘ืขืœ-ืชืฉื•ื‘ื”. ืขืจ ื”ืึทืœื˜ 
ืฆื•ื’ืขื˜ื•ืœื™ืขื˜ ื“ื™ ืกืคืจ-ืชื•ืจื” ื ืึทื”ืขื ื˜ ืฆื•ื ื”ืึทืจืฆืขืŸ, ืฐื™ ืžืข ื˜ื•ืœื™ืขื˜ 
ืฆื• ืึท ืงื™ื ื“ ืึท ื˜ืจื™ื™ืกื˜. 

--- ืคืจื™ื™ื—ื ื–ื™ืš, ืื™ื“ืขืŸ, ืžื™ื˜ ื’ืึธื˜'ืก ืชื•ืจื— ! --- ืฉืจื™ื™ื˜ ืฉืขื™ื”- 
ื“ื•ื“ ืื•ื™ืกืขืจ ื–ื™ืš ืคื•ืŸ ื”ืชืคึผืขืœื•ึนืช. -- ื—ื•ืœื™ืขื˜, ืื™ื“ืขืŸ, ื”ื•ืœื™ืขื˜! 
ืกื™ื™ื ืขืจ ื”ืึธื˜ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืึทื–ื ืชื•ืจื” ! 

ืื•ืŸ ืžืข ืคืจื™ื™ื”ื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืžื™ื˜ ื“ืขืจ ืชื•ืจื”, ืื•ืŸ ืžืข ื˜ืึทื ืฆื˜ ืžื™ื 
ืื™ื”ืจ, ืื•ืŸ ืžืข ื”ื•ืœื™ืขื˜, ืื•ืŸ ืžืข ื”ื•ืœื™ืขื˜. 


4 
ืจื‘ื™ื ื• ื™ื•ื ื”. 


ืื• ื›ืื ื™ื• --- ืื™ืŸ ื‘ืึธื“ ืึทืจื™ื™ืŸ { 
ืื™ื“ืขืœืขืš, ืคึผืึทืžื™ื˜ืกืึท, 

ืฉืžื™ื™ืกืขืŸ ื–ื™ืš, ืคึผืึทืกื˜ืจื™ื˜ืกื, 
ืงืืกื˜ืึธื˜ืฉืงื™ ืคึผืึทืคึผืจืึทืฐื™ื˜, 

ืฆืจื•ืช ื˜ืึทื ืึธืกื˜ืึทืฐื™ื˜, 

ืื• ื‘ืื ื™ื• -- ืื™ืŸ ื‘ืึธื“ ืึทืจื™ื™ืŸ! 


ืึธื˜ ืจืึธืก ื›ื™ืขื“ืขืœ? ืงืึธื ื˜ ืื™ื”ืจ ื‘ื™ื™ ืื•ื ื– ื”ืขืจืขืŸ ื™ืขื“ืขืŸ ืขืจื‘" 
ืฉื ืช ืื•ืŸ ื™ืขื“ืขืŸ ืขืจื‘ ื™ื•ื-ื˜ื•ื‘. 

ื“ืึธืก ื–ื™ื ื’ื˜ ื™ื•ื ื” ื“ืขืจ ื‘ืขื“ืขืจ, ืึท ืื™ื“ ืื™ื™ืŸ ืึทื˜ืœืขื˜, ื ื‘ืึธืจ- 
ื“ื™ื’ืขืจ, ืึท ื”ืึธืจื™ื ืขืจ, ื ื ืขืœืขืจ, ืžื™ื˜ ื ื’ืขืœืข ื’ืขื“ื™ื›ื˜ืข ื‘ืจืขืžืขืŸ, ืžื™ื˜ 
ื™ื–ืขื—ืจ ืึท ื–ื™ืกืขืจ ืฉื˜ื™ืžืข, ื”ืึทืœื‘ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื’ื•ื™'ื™ืฉ, ื”ืึทืœื‘ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืื™ื“ื™ืฉ -- 
ื ื›ื“ื™ ื™ื•ืฆื ืฆื• ื–ื™ื™ืŸ 5 ื”ื“ืขื•ืช, ืคืึทืจ ืื™ื“ืขืŸ ื•ื™ ืคืึทืจ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืื™ื“ืขืŸ, 
ืฐืึธืจื•ื ื—ืึธื˜ืฉ ืื•ื ื–ืขืจ ื‘ืึธืจ ืื™ืŸ ืึท ืงื”ืœ'ืฉืข ื‘ืึธื“, ื’ืขื‘ื•ื™ื˜ ืคึฟืึทืจ 
ืื™ื“ื™ืฉ ื’ืขืœื“ ืคื•ืŸ ืื™ื“ืขื 'ืก ื•ื•ืขื ืขืŸ, ืื•ืŸ ื•ื•ืขืจื“ ื’ืขื”ื™ื™ืฆื˜ ืึทืœืข ืขืจื‘- 
ืฉื‘ืช, ืื™ื™ื’ืขื ื˜ืœื™ืš, ืคื•ืŸ ืื™ื“ืขื 'ืก ื•ื•ืขื ืขืŸ, ื“ืึธืš ืื™ื– ืื•ื ื–ืขืจ ื‘ืึธื“ ืึธืคืขืŸ 
ืคืึทืจ ืึทืœืขืžืขืŸ, ืึธื”ืŸ ื ืฉื•ื ืื•ื ื˜ืขืจืฉื™ืขื“ ืื•ืŸ ืึธื—ืŸ ืึท ืฉื•ื ืคึผืจืึธืฆืขื ื˜- 
ื ืึธืจืžืข ืคืืจ ,ืคืจืขืžืจืข... ืื•ืŸ ื‘ื›ื“ื™ ืึทืœึถืข ื˜ืึทืงื™ ื–ืึธืœืขืŸ ื•ื•ื™ืกืขืŸ, 
ื•ื•ืื•ื—ื™ืŸ ืžืข ืจื•ืคื˜ ื–ื™ื™, ื”ืึธื˜ ื™ื•ื ื” ื“ืขืจ ื‘ืขื“ืขืจ ืึธื ื’ืขื”ืึทื ื ืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ 8 
ื•ืึทื ืฅ ื”ื•ื™ื›ืขืŸ ืฉื˜ืขืงืขืŸ ืึท ื‘ืขื–ืขื --- ืึตื™ื™ืŸ ืขืžื‘ืœืขื ืื•ื™ืฃ ืื™ืŸ ื‘ืึธืจ 
ืืจื™ื™ืŸ. 

ื“ืขืจื–ืขื”ืขืŸ ื“ืขื ื‘ืขื–ืขื ืื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจื”ืขืจื˜ ื™ื•ื ื” ื“ืขื ื‘ืขื“ืขืจ'ืก ื’ืข- 
ื–ืึทื ื’, ืคื™ื”ืœืขืŸ ืื™ื“ื™ืฉืข ืงื™ื ื“ืขืจ ื‘ืขืฆื™ื™ื˜ืขื ืก ื“ืขื ื˜ืขื ืื•ืŸ ื“ืขื ืจื™ื— 
ืื•ืŸ ื“ืขื ืชืขื ื•ื’ ืคื•ืŸ ื‘ืึธื“, ืื•ืŸ ืขืก ืžืึธื”ืœื˜ ื–ื™ืš ื–ื™ื™ ืืฑืก, ืึทืŸ ืึธื˜ 

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ื˜ืข ื”ื•ืœื™ืขื˜ 28 


+ืขืจ 


ืœื™ื ืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ืขืจ ืื•ื™ื‘ืขืจืฉื˜ืขืจ ื‘ืึทื ืง, ืึทื™ื™ื ื’ืขื”ื™ืœื˜ ืื™ืŸ 8 
ื’ืขื“ื™ื ื˜ืขืจ ื”ื™ืฅ, ืžืข ื–ืขื—ื˜ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืื™ื™ื ืก ื“ืึธืก ืื ื“ืขืจืข, ืื•ืŸ ืื™ื‘ืขืจ 
ื–ื™ื™, ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ื”ื•ื™ืš, ื ืขื•ื•ืขืœื˜ื™ื’ื˜ ื™ื•ื ื” ืžื™ื˜'ืŸ ื‘ืขื–ืขืžืขืœ, ืคึผืึทืจืขื˜ ื–ื™ื™, 
ื‘ืขื–ืขืžื˜ ื–ื™ื™, ืฉืžื™ื™ืกื˜ ื–ื™ื™ ืื•ืŸ ื“ืจืขืฉื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืขืจืข ืœื™ื™ื‘ืขืจ ืื•ืŸ ืจืขืจื˜ 
ื‘ืขืช ืžืขืฉื— ืื™ื‘ืขืจ ื–ื™ื™ ื”ืขื›ืขืจ ื”ืึทืœื‘ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืจื•ืกื™ืฉ, ื•ื™ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืฉื˜ื™ื™ื ืขืจ 
ืื™ื–: ,ืขืš, ื“ืขืจื–ืฉื™ืก, ื‘ืจืึทื˜ืฆื™, ืœื›ื‘ื•ื“ ืฉื‘ืช ื‘ืื•ืจื™ืขื ืคึฟืึทืจื• ื˜ื 
ื“ืึทื•ื•ื˜ื˜ 1"... 

ื”ืขื›ืขืจ ื”ืึทืœื‘ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืจื•ืกื™ืฉ ืจืขื“ื˜ ื™ื•ื ื” ื“ืขืจืคืืจ, ื•ื•ื™ื™ืœ ืขืจ ื”ืืœื˜ 
ื–ื™ืš ืคืืจ ืื™ื™ืŸ ืขื›ื˜ืขืŸ ืคืึธื ื™, ืคื•ืŸ ,ื˜ื™ืขืฃ ืจืึทืกืขื™ืฉ", ืคื•ืŸ , ืกื™ืžื‘ื™ืจ". 
ืื•ืŸ ืก'ืื™ืŸ ื˜ืึทืงื™ ืึทื–ืฑ. ื“ืึธืก ื”ื™ื™ืกื˜, ืื™ื™ื’ืขื ื˜ืœื™ืš, ืื™ืŸ ื™ื•ื ื” ื“ืขืจ 
ื‘ืขื“ืขืจ, ืื•ื™ื‘ ืื™ื—ืจ ื•ื•ื™ืœื˜ ื•ื•ื™ืกืขืŸ, ื ืึธืจ ื ืื•ื ื–ืขืจื™ื ืขืจ, ื˜ืึทืงื™ ืคื•ืŸ 
ืฉื•ื ื–ืขืจ ืฉื˜ืึธื“ื˜. ื ืึธืจ ืก'ืื™ืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ืื™ื”ื ื ื’ืื ืฆืข ืกืขืฉื”, ืื•ืŸ ื“ื™ 
ื“ืึธื–ื™ื’ืข ืžืขืฉื” ื•ื•ื™ืœืขืŸ ืžื™ืจ ืึทื™ื™ืš ืื™ื‘ืขืจื’ืขื‘ืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืกื•ืจืฆืข ื•ื•ืขืจื˜ืขืจ. 

ืึทืžืึธืœ --- ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ืœืื ื’ --- ื”ืึธื˜ ื™ื•ื ื” ื’ืขื”ืึธื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื–ื™ืš 8 , ืจื™ืขืœืข". 
ืฐืึธืก --- ื•ื•ื™ื™ืก ืžืขืŸ ื ื™ืฉื˜, ื ืึธืจ ื ื“ื™ืขืœืข. ื™ื•ื ื” ื˜ืœื™ื™ืŸ ื–ืึธื ื˜, ืึทืŸ 
ื“ื™ ื“ื™ืขืœืข ืื™ืŸ ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ 8 ,ืคึผื•ืกื˜ื™ืึทืฉื ืข ื“ื™ืขืœืข?. 8 ืคึผื•ืกื˜ื™ื˜ืฉื ืข, 
ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืคึผื•ืกื˜ื™ืึทืฉื’ืข -- ื˜ืข ื”ืึธื˜ ืื™ื”ื ื’ืขื‘ืจืื›ื˜ ืฆื•ื ื’ืขืจื™ื›ื˜, 
ืึธืคึผื ืข'ืžืฉืžื˜ ืื•ืŸ ืคืขืจืฉื™ืงื˜ ืืฑืฃ ื ื”ื™ื‘ืฉ ืฉื˜ื™ืงืข? ืฆื™ื™ื˜ ืึทื”ื™ืŸ, 
ื•ื•ืื• ืžืข ืœืึธื•ื˜ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื˜ืจื™ื™ืŸ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืื™ื“ืขืŸ, ืกื™ื™ื“ืขืŸ ืžืข ื”ืื˜ ืื™ื”ื 
ื’ืขื”ืฉืคึผื˜ ืกื™ื ื˜ ื’ื ื‘ื”. ืื•ืŸ ืื– ื“ื™ ืฆื™ื™ื˜ ืื™ืŸ ืึทืฐืขืงื’ืขื ืึทื ื’ืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ 
ื™ื•ื ื” ื”ืื˜ ื–ื™ืš ื‘ืขื“ืึทืจืคื˜ ืื•ืžืงืขื”ืจืขืŸ ืฆื•ืจื™ืง, ื”ืึธืก ืื™ื”ื ืื•ื ื–ืขืจ 
ืฉื˜ืขื“ื˜ ืืคื™ืคืŸ ื ื™ืฉื ืึทื•ืฑื™ ืฉื˜ืึทืจืง ื—ืฉืง ื’ืขื”ืื˜ ืฆื•ืฆื•ืฉืจื™ื™ื‘ืขืŸ, 
ืื•ืŸ ืžืข ื”ืึธื˜ ืื™ื”ื ื“ืึธืš ืฆื•ื’ืขืฉืจื™ื‘ืขืŸ, ืื•ืŸ ,ื™ื•ื ื” ื“ืขืจ ืกื™ืžื‘ื™ืจื’ื™ืฃ" 
ืื™ื– ื’ืขืฐืึธืจืขืŸ ืฆื•ืจื™ืง โ€ ืื•ื ื–ืขืจื™ื’ืขืจ. ื”ืึธื˜ ืขืจ ืึธื‘ืขืจ ืื™ืŸ ืฉื˜ืึธืจื˜. 
ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื’ืขื˜ืจืึธืคืขืŸ ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ืงื™ื™ื ืขื ืคื•ึนืŸ ื–ื™ื™ื ื™ื ืข; ืžืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื–ื™ืš ืฆืข- 
ืงืจืึธื›ืขืŸ : ื“ืขืจ ืื™ื– ืฉืจืฑื™ืกื’ืขืคืึธื”ืจืขืŸ, ื“ืขืจ ืื™ืŸ ืึทืฐืขืงื’ืขืฉื˜ืึธืจื›ืขืŸ. 
ื”ืึธืก ืขืจ ื–ื™ืš ืื•ื™ืคื’ืขื”ืืœื˜ืขืŸ ื“ื™ ืขืจืฉื˜ืข ืฆื™ื™ื˜ ืื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ืช-ืžืฑืจืฉ. 
ื ืึธืš ืฐืึธืก ืงืึธืŸ ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ืช-ืžื“ืจืฉ, ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืื•ื™ืกื’ืขืจืขื“ื˜ ื–ืึธืœ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ, 
ื ืื™ื“ ืึตื™ื™ืŸ ืขื-ื”ืืจืฅ, ืฐืึธืก ื•ื•ื™ื™ืกื˜ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืฆืœื ืคืึทืจ ืงื™ื•ืŸ 
ืืœืฃ 9 ืขืก ืื™ื– ื ืึธืจ ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ืฉื˜ืึธืฃ ืžืืจ ื“ื™ ืœืฆื™ื ืื•ื™ืฃ ืึธืคึผืฆื•ืœืึทื›ืขืŸ 


ึฟ 


2 ืฉืœื•ื-ืขืœื•ื›ื 


ื•ื™ ืึทื–ื•ื™ ื ืื™ื“ ื ืกื™ืžื‘ื™ืจื ื™ืง ื–ืึธื ื˜ ืขื‘ืจื™, ื–ืขืฆื˜ ืฐื™ ื ื‘ืึธื ื“ืขืจ. 
ืื•ืŸ ื•ื™ ืื•ื™ืฃ-ืฆื•ื“ืœื”ื›ืขื™ืก, ื”ืึธื˜ ืžืกืชืžื ื™ื•ื ื” ืœื™ืขื‘, ื•ื™ ืึทืœืข ื’ืจืึธื‘ืข 
ื™ื•ื ื’ืขืŸ, ื“ืึทืฐื ืขืŸ ื“ื•ืงื ื”ื•ื™ืš ืื•ื™ืฃ ื ืงื•ืœ, ื‘ื›ื“ื™ ื“ื™ ื’ืึทื ืฆืข ืฐืขืœื˜ 
ื–ืึธืœ ื•ื•ื™ืกืขืŸ,,. ืึทืŸ ืขืจ ืงืขืŸ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืฉื˜ื™ืงืข? ืขื‘ืจื™. ืึถื˜ ื“ืขืžืึธืœื˜ 
ื”ืึธื˜ ื“ืึธืก ืื™ื”ื ื—ื‘ืจื” ื’ืขืงืจื•ื™ื ื˜ ืžื™ื˜'ืŸ ื ืึธืžืขืŸ ,ืจื‘ื™ื ื• ื™ื•ื ื—", 
ืฐืึธืก ืื™ืŸ ืคืึทืจ ืื™ื”ื ื•ื™ ืึธื ื ืขืžืึธืกื˜ืขืŸ. 


--- ื ื•, ืจื‘ื™ื ื• ื™ื•ื ื” ! ื–ืขืฆื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืืงืึธืจืฉื˜, ื–ื™ื™ื˜ ืžื•ื—ืœ, ืึทืฐืขืง 
ืึธื˜ ื“ืึธ ื‘ื™ื™'ื ืื•ื™ื•ื•ืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจืฆืขื”ืœื˜ ืื•ื ื– ืขืคึผื™ืก ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื•ื•ื™ื™ื˜ืข 
ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช, ืคื•ืŸ ืกื™ืžื‘ื™ืจ... ื™ื•ื ื ืข ืœื™ื™ื˜, ื“ืจืš ืืจืฅ! ืฆืขืจื•ืงื˜ ืืฒืš, 
ืงื•ื•ืขื˜ืฉื˜ ืื™ื™ืš, ืžืึทื›ื˜ ืึตื™ื™ืŸ ืึธืจื˜ ืคืึทืจ ืจื‘ื™ื ื• ื™ื•ื ื”'ืฅ !... 


ืื•ืŸ ,ืจื‘ื™ื ื• ื™ื•ื ื”" ื–ืขืฆื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืึทืฐืขืง, ืื•ืŸ ื—ื‘ืจื” --- ืึธืจื•ื ืื™ื—ื, 
ืื•ืŸ ืขืจ ื“ืขืจืฆืขื”ืœื˜ ื–ื™ื™ ืžืขืฉื™ื•ืช ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื•ื•ื™ื™ื˜ืข ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช, ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ 
ืงืขืœื˜ืขืŸ, ืฐืึธืก ื“ืึธืจื˜ืขืŸ, ืื•ืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืึทืจื‘ื™ื™ื˜, ืฐืึธืก ืžืขืŸ ืึทืจื‘ื™ื™ื˜, 
ืื•ืŸ ืคื•ื 'ื ืขืกืขืŸ, ืฐืึธืก ืžืขืŸ ืขืกื˜, ืื•ืŸ ืคื•ื 'ื ืฉืœืึธื ืขืŸ, ืฐืึธืก ืžืข 
ืฉืœืึทื ื˜, ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืžืขืฉื™ื•ืช ืื™ืŸ ื“ืึธ ื ื˜ื™ื™ืœ ืืžืช, ืึท ื˜ื™ื™? ืฆื•ื ืข- 
ืฉืžืึธืœืฆืขืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื™ื•ื ื”'ืก ืคืึทื ื˜ืึทื–ื™ืข, ื ืึธืจ ื—ื‘ืจื” ื”ืขืจื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืฆื• ืžื™ื˜ 
ืื™ื ื˜ืขืจืขืก ืื•ืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ืคืขืจื ื’ืขื ื™ื ืขืŸ, ืฐืึธืจื•ื ,ืจื‘ื™ื ื• ื™ื•ื ื”" ื”ืึธื˜ ืื™ืŸ . 
ื–ื™ืš ื ื›ื— -- ืขืจ ืกืึธืŸ ื“ืขืจืฆืขื”ืœืขืŸ. ืขืก ื ืขื”ื˜ ื‘ื™ื™ ืื™ื”ื ื’ืœืึทื˜, 
ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืฆื• ื“ืขืจืงืขื ืขืŸ, ื•ื•ืื• ืœืึธื–ืขืŸ ื–ื™ืš ืื•ื™ืก ืคืึทืงื˜ืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ ื•ื•ืื• ื”ื•ื™ื‘ืขืŸ 
ื–ื™ืš ืึธืŸ ืคืึทื ืžืึทื–ื™ืขืก... ื’ืึทื ืฆืข ื ืขื›ื˜ ืฐืึธืœื˜ ืžืขืŸ, ื“ืึทื›ื˜ ื–ื™ืš, ืึทื–ืฑ 
ื’ืขื–ืขืกืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืื•ื™ืกื ืขื”ืขืจื˜ ื–ื™ื™ื ืข ืฉืขื ืข ืžืขืฉื™ื•ืช. ืื™ื– ืึธื‘ืขืจ ื“ืขืจ 
ื—ืกืจื•ืŸ, ืฐืึธืก ืขืก ืขืกื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืฆื•. ืงืจืขืคึผืœืขืš ืขืกืขืŸ, ื–ืึธื’ื˜ ืžืขืŸ, ืงืึธืŸ 
ืื•ื™ืš ื ืžืืก ื•ื•ืขืจืขืŸ. ืฐืึธืก ื•ื•ื™ื™ื˜ืขืจ, ืื™ื– ื’ืขืฐืึธืจืขืŸ ื•ื•ื™ื ืฆื™ื’ืขืจ ื‘ืขืœื ื™ื 
ืื•ื™ืฃ ืจื‘ื™ื ื• ื™ื•ื ื”'ืก ืžืขืฉื™ื•ืช, ืื•ืŸ ืจื‘ื™ื ื• ื™ื•ื ื” ืื™ื– ื’ืขืฐืึธืจืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืก 
ืžื™ื•ื—ืก, ืื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืฉืžืฉ, ืื•ื ื–ืขืจ ืึทืœื˜ืขืจ ื‘ืขืงืื ื˜ืขืจ ,ื’ืขืฆื™-ื’ื•ื‘ืขืจ- 
ื ืึทื˜ืึธืจ", ืฐืึธืก ื”ืึธื˜ ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ืœืึทื ื’ ื’ืขืงื•ืงื˜ ืงืจื•ื ืื•ื™ืค'ืŸ , ืกื™ืžื‘ื™ืจื ื™ืง", 
ื—ืึธื˜ืฉ ืขืจ ืึทืœึตื™ื™ืŸ ื”ืึธื˜ ืื•ื™ืš ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืคื™ื™ื ื˜ ื’ืขื”ืึธื˜ ื”ืขืจืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ื ืข 
ืžืขืฉื™ื•ืช, ื”ืึธื˜ ื’ืขืฐืึธืจืคืขืŸ ืื•ึนื™ืฃ ืื™ื”ื ืึทึตื™ื™ืŸ ืื•ื:ื—ืŸ ืื•ืŸ ื”ืึธื˜ ื’ืข" 
ื–ืึธื ื˜ ืื™ื™ืŸ ืžืึธืœ ืคืึทืš ืึทืœืข ืžืึธืœ: ืึท ืžืงื•ื ืกื“ื•ืฉ ืื™ื– ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืงื™ื™ืŸ 


ืžืข ื—ื•ืœื•ื™ืขืก ื–ืค 


ื”ืงื“ืฉ. ื•ื•ื™ืœ ืึท ืื™ื“ ืฉืœืึธืคืขืŸ, ื–ืึธืœ ืขืจ ืฉืœืึธืคืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื“ืจื•ื™ืกืขืŸ, ื–ืึธืœ 
ืขืจ ื’ืึธืจื ื™ืฉื˜ ืฉืœืึธืคืขืŸ, ืึทื‘ื™ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื‘ื™ื™ ืื™ื”ื ืื™ืŸ ืฉื•ึนื”ืœ.. 
! ืึท ืฉื•ื•ืขืจ ืฉื˜ื™ืงืขืœ ืฆื™ื™ื˜ ืื™ืŸ ืึทื™ื™ื ื’ืขื˜ืจืึธื˜ืขืŸ ืคืึทืจ ืื•ื ื–ืขืจ 

,ืจื‘ื™ื ื• ื™ื•ื ื”", ืึท ื‘ื™ื˜ืขืจืข ืฆื™ื™ื˜. ืฐืึธืœื˜ ืขืจ ื’ืขืฐืขืŸ ื ืื™ื“, ืฐืึธืก 
ืงืขืŸ ืœืขืจื ืขืŸ, ืึธื“ืขืจ ืฐืึธืœื˜ ืขืจ ื—ืึธื˜ืฉ ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ืึท ืงืจืึทื ืงืขืจ, ืึท ื‘ืขืœ- 
ืžื•ื˜, ืึท ืงืึทืœื™ืงืข, ืฆื• ืืœื“ื™ ืฉืฐืึทืจืฆืข ื™ืึธื”ืจ, ืฐื•ื™, ืืฉื˜ื™ื™ื ืขืจ, ,ื–ื™ืกืขืœ 
ื“ืขืจ ื™ื•ืจื“", ืฐืึธืœื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ื’ืขืคื•ื ืขืŸ ืึท ืื™ื“, ืฐื•ื™, ืœืžืฉืœ, ,ืจื‘ ืจืคืืœ 
ื‘ืขืœ-ืžืฉื’ื™ื—", ืฐืึธืก ืฐืึธืœื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืคืึทืจ ืื™ื”ื ื’ืขื–ืึธืจื’ื˜, ื•ื™ ืขืจ ื–ืึธืจื ื˜ 
ืคืึทืจ ืึทื ื“ืขืจืข ืึธืจืขืžืข ืœื™ื™ื˜. ืื™ื– ืขืจ ืึธื‘ืขืจ, ืื•ื™ืฃ ืฆื•ื“ืœื”ื›ืขื™ืก, ื ืœื˜ื˜ 
ืื•ืŸ ื’ืขื–ื•ื ื“ ืื•ืŸ ืฉื˜ืึทืจืก, ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื•ื™ ืื™ื™ืŸ ื’ื•ื™, ื ืึธืจ ืฐื™ ืฆืขื—ืŸ ื’ื•ื™ื™ื, 
ืื•ืŸ ื’ืขื”ืŸ ื‘ืขื˜ืœืขืŸ ืงืึธืŸ ืขืจ ื ื™ืฉื˜, ื—ืึธื˜ืฉ ื”ืึทืงื˜ ืื™ื”ื ืึธืคึผ ื“ืขื ืงืึธืคึผ ! 

ืœื™ื’ืขื ื“ื™ื’ ืื™ืŸ ื“ืจื•ื™ืกืขืŸ ื‘ื™ื™'ื ื‘ื™ืช-ืžื“ืจืฉ ืžื™ื˜ ื ืงืœืึทืง ืฆื•" 
ืงืึธืคึผืขื ืก, ื”ืึธื˜ ืื•ื ื–ืขืจ , ืจื‘ื™ื ื• ื™ื•ื ื”/, ืฐืึธืก ื”ืึธื˜ ื–ื™ืš ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ 
ืงืึทื˜ืึธืฐื•ืขืก ืคืขืจื‘ืขื ืงื˜ ื ืึธืš ื’ื™ืขื ืขืจ ื•ื•ื™ื™ื˜ืขืจ ืžื“ื™ื ื”", ืฐื™ ื ืงืœื™ื™ืŸ 
ืงื™ื ื“ ื ืึธืš ื ืžืึทืžืข, ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืื™ื™ืŸ ืžืึธืœ ื’ืขื–ืขื”ืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื—ืœื•ื ื“ืึธืก 
ื‘ืจื™ื™ื˜ืข, ื“ืึธืก ืคืจื™ื™ืข, ื“ืึธืก ืงืึทืœื˜ืข ืœืึทื ื“ ืคื•ืŸ ื˜ืื™ื’ืขืก ืื•ืŸ ืฉื ื™ื™ืขืŸ, 
ืื•ืŸ ืขืจ ื”ืึธื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืคืขืจืฉืึธืœื˜ืขืŸ ื“ืึธืก ื’ืขื‘ื™ื™ืŸ --- ,ื•ื•ืขืœื›ืขืจ ืจื•ื— ื”ืึธื˜ 
ืื™ื”ื ื ืขื‘ืจืื›ื˜ ืฆื• ื˜ืจืึธื ืขืŸ ืึทื”ืขืจ, ืื•ื™ืฃ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ , ืจืึธื“ื™ื ืึท/, ืื™ืŸ ืึทื–ืฆ 
ื”ืขืง, ืึท ืœืึธืš, ื•ื•ืื• ืื™ื“ืขืŸ ืœื™ื ืขืŸ ืื™ื™ื ืก ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ืึธืก ืึทื ื“ืขืจืข, ืฐื™ ื“ื™ 
ื”ืขืจื™ื ื’ ืื™ืŸ ื ืคืขืกืขืœ, ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ืขืจืฉื˜ื™ืงื˜ ืฆื• ื•ื•ืขืจืขืŸ ?1.... 

ื“ืขืจ ื’ื•ื˜ืขืจ ืจื‘ื•ื ื•ื“ืฉืœ-ืขื•ืœื ืึธื‘ืขืจ ืคืขืจืœืึธื–ื˜ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืงื™ื™ื ืขื. 
ื’ืขืงื•ืžืขืŸ ืึท ืฆื™ื™ื˜ ืื•ื™ืš ืื•ื™ืค'ืŸ ืึธืจืขืžืขืŸ ืขืœืขื ื“ืขืŸ ,ืจื‘ื™ื ื• ื™ื•ื ื”". 
ืื™ื”ื ื”ืึธื˜ ื’ืขื˜ืจืึทืคืขืŸ ืึท ื’ืœื™ืง, ืฐืึธืก ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืขืจ, ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืงื™ื™ื ืขืจ ื”ืึธื˜ 
ื–ื™ืš ื“ืขืจื•ื™ืฃ ื’ืขืจื™ื›ื˜; ืจื‘ ืื”ืจืŸ, ื“ืขืจ ืึทืœื˜ืขืจ ื‘ืขื“ืขืจ, ื–ืึธืœ ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ 
ืึท ืœื™ื›ื˜ื™ื ืขืŸ ื ืฑื“ืขื“ืŸ (ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ืึตื™ื™ืŸ ืขื”ืจืœื™ื›ืขืจ ืื™ื“), ืื™ื– ืึทืฐืขืงื’ืข- 
ื ืึทื ื’ืขืŸ, ืื•ืŸ ืก'ืื™ื– ื ืขื‘ืœื™ื‘ืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืฉื˜ืึธื“ื˜ ื ืคืจื™ื™ืข ื•ืืงืื ืก ืื•ื™ืฃ 
ืึท ื›ืขื“ืขืจ. ื“ืึทืจืฃ ืžืขืŸ ื“ืขืŸ ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ ื ืึธืš ื ื‘ืขืกืขืจืขืŸ ืคืขืจื˜ืจืขื˜ืขืจ, ื•ื™ 
ืจื‘ื™ื ื• ื™ื•ื ื”" ? ืก'ืื™ื– ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ื˜ืึทืงื™ ื ืึธืจ ืžืŸ ื”ืฉืžื™ื, 

-- ืœืข ืจืึธืื˜ ืข ืžืึธืจ --- ื•ื•ื™ื•ื• ืœืข ืจืึธื ! -- ืึทื–ืฑ ื–ืึธื’ื˜ ื“ืขืจ 
ืคืจืื ืฆื•ื™ื–, ื“ืขืจ ื˜ื™ื™ื˜ืฉ ืื™ื–ืŸ: ื“ืขืจ ืงืขื ื™ื  ืื™ืŸ ื ืขืฉื˜ืึทืจื‘ืขืŸ -- 


208 | | ืฉืœื•ื"ืขืœื•ื›ื 


ืœืขื‘ืขืŸ ื–ืึธืœ ื“ืขืจ ืงืขื ื™ื’. ืื™ื™ืŸ ืžืœืš ืึทืจืึธืคึผ, ื“ืขืจ ืึทื ื“ืขืจืขืจ ืึทืจืฑืฃ -- 
ืึถื˜ ืึทื–ืฑ ืคื™ื”ืจื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืขืก ืื•ื™ืฃ ื’ืึธื˜'ืก ื•ื•ืขืœื˜ืขืœ. 


ื•ื™ ื•ื•ื™ื™ื˜ ื”ื•ื™ืš โ€ ืจื‘ื™ื ื• ื™ื•ื ื”" ื”ืึทืœื˜ ื“ื™ ืคืึธื”ืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื‘ืขื“ืขืจื™ื™ --- 
ื“ืึธืก ื”ืึธื‘ืขืŸ ืžื™ืจ ื ืขื–ืขื”ืขืŸ ืื™ื 'ื ืึธื ื”ื•ื™ื‘ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ื“ืึธื–ื™ื’ืขืจ ืขืจืฆืขื”" 
ืคึฟื•ื ื’ ืคื•ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื–ื™ื ื’ืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื“ื•ืคืขืŸ ื“ืขื ืขื•ืœื ,ืื• ื‘ืึทื ื™ื• -- 
ืื™ืŸ ื‘ืึธื“ ืึทืจื™ื™ืŸ". ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื“ืึธืก ืื™ืŸ ืึธื‘ืขืจ ื‘ื™ื™ ืื•ื ื– ื“ืขืจ ืขื™ืงืจ. ื“ื™ 
ื”ืฑืคึผื˜ื–ืึทืš ืื™ื–, ืฐืึธืก ืึธื˜ ื“ืขืจ ,ืจื‘ื™ื ื• ื™ื•ื ื”" ืื™ื– ืื™ื™ื ืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ืจื™ 
ืกืึทืžืข ืคืจื™ื™ืœื™ื›ืข ืื•ืŸ ืกืืžืข ื˜ื™ื›ื˜ื™ื ืข ืื™ืŸ ืื•ื ื–ืขืจ ื‘ืขืจื™ื”ืžื˜ืขืจ 
,ื—ื‘ืจื” ื”ื•ืœื™ืึทืงืขืก". ืฐืขืจ ืขืก ื”ืึธื˜ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืึธื ื’ืขืงื•ืงื˜, ืฐื™ ืึทื–ืฑ 
,ืจื‘ื™ื ื• ื™ื•ื ื”" ื—ื•ืœื™ืขื˜ ืฉืžื—ืช-ืชื•ืจื”, ื“ืขืจ ื”ืึธื˜ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืฉืขื ืก ื ื™ืฉื˜ 
ื’ืขื–ืขื”ืขืŸ,. ืึท ืื™ื“, ืฐืึธืก ืื™ื– ืึทืœื™ื™ืŸ ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ืึท ,ืคืขืจืฉื™ืงื˜ืขืจ ืื•ื™ืฃ 
ืกื™ืžื‘ื™ืจ", ืึทืœึตื™ื™ืŸ , ื’ืขืึทืจื‘ืฒื˜ ื˜ืึทื˜ืฉืงืข?, ื’ืขื˜ื”ืึธืŸ ื›ืœ? ืขื‘ื•ื“ืช-ืคึผืจืš, 
ืื•ื™ืกื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืฆื™ื™ื˜ ืื•ืŸ ื’ืขืงื•ืžืขืŸ ื‘ืฉืœื•ื ืฆื•ืจื™ืง ,ื ื ืจืึทื“ื™ื ื•", 
ืื™ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืฉื˜ืึธื“ื˜ ืึทืจื™ื™ืŸ, ืฆื•ื•ื™ืฉืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ื ืข ืื™ื“ืขืŸ, ื–ืึธืœ ืขืจ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ 
ืคืจื™ื™ืœื™ืš ?. ื–ืึธืœ ืขืจ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืึทืจื•ืžื”ืึทืคึผืขืŸ ืึทืœืขืžืขืŸ ืงื•ืฉืขืŸ ื–ื™ืš, ื”ืึธืœื™ื•ื‘ืขืŸ 
ื–ื™ืš -- ืืขืš, ื‘ืจืึทื˜ื™ืงื™ ืจืึธื“ื™ืžื™ืข, ื ื™ืกื˜ ืžื™ืจ ืึธืŸ ื ืึธืš ื ื’ืœืขื–ืขืœ ื•ื•ื™ื™ืŸ !" 

ืึท ืื™ื“, ืฐืึธืก ืื™ื– ืืฑืกื’ืขืฉื˜ืึทื ืขืŸ ืึทื–ืฑ ืคื™ืขืœ ืื™ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืœืขื‘ืขืŸ, 
ืฐืึธืก ืื™ื– ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ, ืฐื™ ื™ื•ื ื” ื–ืึธื’ื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื–ื™ืš, ,ื ื ืงืึธื ื™ืข ืื•ืŸ ืคึผื™ื“ 
ืงืึธื ื™ืึธื?, ื–ืึธืœ ืขืจ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืื•ื™ืกืจืขื“ืขืŸ ืึทืœืขืžืขืŸ ื“ืึธืก ื”ืึทืจืฅ ื‘ื™ื™ ืึทื–ืึท 
ืฉืœืขื›ื˜ืขืจ ืฆื™ื™ื˜, ื–ื™ืš ืืฑืกืœืึทื›ืขืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ืึทืœืข ื”ื™ื™ื ื˜ื™ื’ืข ืฆืจื•ืช, ื™ืกื•ืจื™ื 
ืื•ืŸ ื’ืœื•ืช ? | 


--- ืขืš, ื‘ืจืึทื˜ืฆื™ ! --- ื˜ืขื ื”'ื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืื•ื™ืก ,ืจื‘ื™ื ื• ื™ื•ื ื”" ืื•ื™ืฃ 
ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื’ืขืžื™ืฉื˜ืขืจ ืฉืคึผืจืึทืš. -- ืฆืจื•ืช --- ื ื™ืข ื‘ื™ืขื“ื ! ื’ื–ื™ื•ื•ืช -- 
ืคึผื•ืกื˜ื™ืืงื™ ! ื ืœื•ืช --- ื ืึทืคึผืœื™ืขืฐืึธื˜! ืื™ื“ืขืŸ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืžื™ืจ ื’ืขืฐืขืŸ -- 
ืื–ืŸ ืื™ื“ืขืŸ ื•ื•ืขืœืขืŸ ืžื™ืจ ื‘ืœื™ื™ื‘ืขืŸ... ื ืคึผืึทื˜ืึธืžื• --- ืœื—ื™ื™ื, ืื•ืŸ ื“ืึทื™ 
ื–ืื™ื˜ื™ืข ?ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ืฉืžื—ืช-ืชื•ืจื” ืึท ืคืจื™ื™ืœื™ื›ืก ! 
: ืืžืช, ,ืจื‘ื™ื ื• ื™ื•ื ื”" ืื™ื– ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืžืขื—ืจ ื˜ืึทืงื™ ื•ื™ ืึท ื‘ืขื“ืขืจ, ืื™ืŸ 
ื ืึธืš ืึท ,ืžื™ืžื‘ื™ืจื ื™ืง" ื“ืขืจืฆื•. ืึธื‘ืขืจ ืึท ืื™ื“ ืื™ื– ืขืจ ื“ืึธืš! ืึท ืื™ื“ 
ื ืœื™ื™ืš ืžื™ื˜ ืึทืœึผืข ืื™ื“ืขืŸ, ื˜ืฉืึธืจื˜ ืคึผืึธื‘ืขืจื™ ! - ืื™ื– ื“ืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืขืจ ื™ื•ื-ื˜ื•ื‘ 


ืœืฅ ื—ื•ืœื•ืขืก 169 


ื ื™ืฉืž ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื™ื•ื-ื˜ื•ื‘? ืื™ื– ื“ืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืขืจ ืฉืžื—ื” ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืฉืžื—ื”? 
ืื™ื– ื“ืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืขืจ ืชื•ืจื— ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืชื•ืจื” ? 


ื“ืึทื“ื•ื™ืกื™ืึท, ืื™ื–ืจื˜ืขืค, 
ืคืขืฐืึธื“ื ื™ื ืฉืžื—ืช-ืชื•ืจื— ! 


ืึทื–ืฑ ื–ื™ื ื ื˜ ,ืจื‘ื™ื ื• ื™ื•ื ื”" ื“ืขืจ ื‘ืขื“ืขืจ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ืขื›ืกื˜ืขืจ 
ืึธืงื˜ื˜ืฐืข, ืžื™ื˜'ืŸ ืงื ืึทืง ืื•ืŸ ืžื™ื˜'ืŸ ืงื•ื•ื™ื˜ืฉ, ืื•ื™ื'ืŸ ืขื›ื˜ ืคึฟืึทื ื™ืฉืขืŸ 
ืฉื˜ื™ื™ื’ืขืจ, ืื•ืŸ ืึทื ื• --- ืœืึธื– ืขืžื™ืฆืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ื—ื‘ืจื” ื”ื•ืœื™ืึทืงืขืก ืึธื“ืขืฃ / 
ืคื•ื 'ื ืื™ื‘ืขืจื™ื ืขืŸ ืขื•ืœื ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื•ื•ืขืœืขืŸ ืžื™ื˜ื˜ืึทื ืฆืขืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ืื™ื”ื ืื˜ ืžื™ื˜ 
ื“ืขื ืคืึทื ื™ืฉืขืŸ ืฉืžื—ืช-ืชื•ืจื”'ื“ื™ื’ืขืŸ ื ื™ื’ื•ืŸ ! ื ื™ื™ืŸ, ื•ื•ืขืจ ื•ืขื˜ ื–ื™ืš ื“ืขืŸ 
ืึทื™ื™ื ืฉื˜ืขืœืขืŸ ืึทื–ืขืœื›ืขืก ืฆื• ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ? ืกืคื™ื“ืขืŸ ื“ืขืจ, ืฐืึธืก ื•ื™ืค 
ืคืขืจื–ื•ื›ืขืŸ , ืจื‘ื™ื ื• ื™ื•ื ื—'ื˜" ื”ืึธืจื™ื ืข ื”ืื ื“, ืฐืึธื˜ ื•ื•ืขื˜ ืื™ื”ื ื ื ืขื 
ื˜ื”ื•ืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ื’ืฐืึทืœื“, ืขืจ ื–ืึธืœ ื’ืขื”ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืงืึธื”ืŸ ืืจื™ื™ืŸ ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ื’ืœื™ื™ื›ืขืฃ 
ืžื™ื ื’ื•ื˜ืขืŸ,. ืื•ืŸ ืืœืข ื ื’ืขื”ืขืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ืื™ื”ื ื“ืขื ื“ืื–ื™ื ืขืŸ ื”ืจื™ื™ืœื™ื›ืขืŸ 
ืจื•ืกื™ืฉืขืŸ ื˜ืื ืฅ.. ืึทืœืข ื–ื™ื ื ืขืŸ, ืึทืœืข ืคึผืœื™ืขืกืงืขืŸ, ืึทืœืข ื˜ืื ืฆืขืŸ, ืืœืข 
ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื–ื™ืš ืžืฉืžื— ืžื™ื˜'ืŸ ื™ื•ื-ื˜ื•ื‘. ืื•ืŸ ืžืขื”ืจ ืคื•ืŸ ืืœืขืžืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ ื”ืขื›ืขืจ 
ืคื•ืŸ ืึทืœืขืžืขืŸ ื”ืขืจื˜ ื–ื™ืš ,ืจื‘ื™ื ื• ื™ื•ื ื”'ื˜" ืงื•ืœ, ื”ืึทืœื‘ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืจื•ืกื™ืฉ, 
ื”ืึทืœื› ืื•ื™ืฃ ืื™ื“ื™ืฉ : 


ืจืืฉื“ื•ื™ืกื™ื, ืื™ื–ืจืืขืœ, 

ืกืคืขืฐืึธื“ื ื™ืึท ืฉืžื—ืช-ืชื•ืจื— ; 

ื“ืื–ืฉืข ืื™ื•ื• ื˜ื™ื‘ื™ืจื™ -- 

ืคืืจ ื•ืฐืขืžืขืŸ ื”ืึธื‘ ืื™ืš ืžื•ืจื 3ื•.. 


ืื•ืŸ ืขืก ื’ื™ืกื˜ ื–ื™ื“ ื‘ืจืึธื ืคืขืŸ, ืื™ ื•ื™ ืฐืึทืกืขืจ, ืื•ืŸ ืื™ื“ืขืŸ 
ืžืจื™ื ืงืขืŸ, ืื™ื“ืขืŸ ืฉื›ื•ืจ'ืขืŸ, ืื™ื“ืขืŸ ื”ื•ืœื™ืขืŸ ืึธื”ืŸ ืึตื™ื™ืŸ ืขืง, 


-ื˜